Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 18, 1879, Page 4

£ @iyé Tribame, ‘' TERMS OF SUNSCRIMTION. DY MA1~—TN ADVANCE~TOSTAGE PREPAID, ally Edition, ono year..... 8 BN aratvens. &r’n.nm-...., it Bunday K [l o A %Al Specimen cov ) Give Post-Ofice address In full, Including State and County. Remittances may be mada cither by draft, exprees, Past-Ottice vrder, or in registered fetter, ot uue risk, TERMS TO CITY HUBSCRINERS. Dally, delivered, Sunduy exeepted, ents per week, Lally, dellvered, Sunday inchu.l ta per week. Address TIE TRIT OMPANY, Carnor Madison und Denrtorn-sts,, Chicako, T Ordera for the dollvery of THE FRIBVKE at Evansion, Englewood, and i{vde Park feft fn the countlng-room will recelve prompt nttento * TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. ! Tny Ciitcano TRINCNE has catabilished hranch officas for the recelpt ot subscriptions and ndvertisements s followsy NEW YOHR~Tloom 20 Tribune Bullding. F. T. Mo- Fapprs, Manager. g PARIS, France~No. 18 Rue de In Grange-Batellere, M. Manten, Agent, LONDON, Eng.—Amerlcan Rxchange, 440 Strand Brxay P, Gruiin, Agent. 5 I \'ClBC(ll Cat,~Palace Hotol o Fstrecl, / MoVicker's Thentre. - Madison strect, between Dearborn nnd State, En- wagement of Btrakoscly's Italtan Opers, ** Faust.* Haverly’s Theatre. Tearborn etreet, corner of Monroe, Engagement of John McCullough, **Othello," Hoaley's Thentres Randolph strect, bmineen Clark and Lasaite, Ene Asgement of Lotta, 'La Clgate." Tinmlin's Thentre, Clark atreet, opposite {he Court-House. Engagemont of W, T, Melville, **The Pirates of the Chesapeake." Varlety Ollo, Metropolitan Thentre, Glark stregt, opposite Blicrman Housc. Plnafore," L M8, MeCormick Hall, North Clark street, corner Kinzle, Dissolring Fane oramlc Views,—\Westminster Abbey. C Acndemy of Muste, Tiatsted strect. between Madisoa snd Monroe, Voo rlcty entertatnment. SOCIETY MEETINGS, CHICAGO COMM ERY, NO, 1. K. T.—Atten- tlon, Sir Knlahts, i ars hereby notified 10 be press entftour fsyiun, corner ltandoion wind Iatstedate. s (Puerday) mornini ke o'elock sharp, for the Jlirpore uf aitending thio funeral of ourlata Frator and ar Knight, Major fsaac Petner lntdeid, Visiting sir Knights courteounly invited, Iy ondor ALEXANDER WIHITE, E. C. UHAS. B, WRIGHT, Recorder, ' 'PUESDAY, MARCH 18, 1870, Neither Houso of tho Tilinois Legislaturo had a quorum yestorday, there being but fourtcen Scnators and forty-soven Repre- sontatives preaent, ccigions in favor of tho millers and agninst the owners of the patent wero yos- terdny rendored in' the United States Cir- cnit Conrts at 8t. Lonis and 8, Taul, it be- ing held in both cases that tho reissue of tho patent does not conform to the original, and it is thercfore invalid, Hexontor 11, Wironr, the Demo-Commu- nist Congrossmnn frome the Twelfth Ponne sylvavin District, is to he the Greenback candidnto for Speaker of the House to-doy, 1is candidnturs will not nffect the result, as it i ot to bo expectod thnt ‘any member of the Democratio eaucus will refuse to ratify the nomiration of RANDALL. ‘Thore is considorable concerning St, PaT- TCK in onr columny this morning, all owing to tho fact that the nuniversmy of tho dany on which the Patvon Saint of Ircland mny or may not have been born was celebrated this ycar with rather more than usual effu. siveness. ho men who' marched in tho big procession for once found tho streots free from citlier mud, dust, snow, orice, nud it was gratifying to know that such a thing is possiblo ns plensnut weather on tho great Irish holidny. § 7 m————— At o recont meeting of the newly-organ. %jzed Hungarinn Deak Vorein, n resolution ‘was passed naming a large committee of prominent Huvgarion aud Germun gontle. men who will wait upon the citizens of this city aud solicit subseriptions for thio benefit of tho sufforers Ly tho tumrible flood at Bzogedin. The unfortunate condition of the victims of this tisnster upponls strongly to the humanity nnd sympathy of our own peo- ple, who, having ouce been visited by n ter- riblo calamiity, cou nll tho more keouly ap. prociato thelr distress, Wo liope tho Com. 1mittoo will meat with a prompt and geuerous rocoguition, Tho German Govornmont is nbout to estab. ligh in tho City of Dorlin what is tormed n potty state of sicgo, What relntion this condhition of things hears to a full-grown stato of sioge is not mado kuowxi, It is only an- nounoed that such o potty proceoding is made nocessary by tho rovolutionary sehiem. inge of tho Socialists, who ennuot be renchod under tho ordinary forms of civil law, Moan- while the ropresentatives of the Sccinlists in Parlisment nro unot disposed to sit silont whilo the sanction by that body of this ex- traordinary procoeding is sought Ly tho Muwistry, In yestorday's sewsion of tho TRelchstng ouo prominent Bocinlist had the buidibood to hint nt the possibility of Gur- many ot somo fatnre time nat for distant Tinving & Republican {un‘n of Uovernment, wihich remark creatod tho most intense ex- eltewent, ind tho offender was warned thut n ropotition of snch Ianguage would subject him {o deprivation under the rule of the |rivitege of spercly, Moyor Teatu hos dona the tnspayors a sorvico in votolug the entive Approprintion ordlnance o8 pussed by the Corpmon Coungil, nnd in thus compelling . u reconsideration of tho oxtravagunt buddget by whick au inoreaso wos voted awounting in round numbers to BUGU,000 over the nppropriation for 1674, In the veto message submitted to the Council lnst oveniug the Mayor diroots attention to the itews which in his judgmont are un- uceessnrily Jurge, and furnishes alundent coasons why such ftems ean and should be reduced, Those aro rensons which wom- mend themsulves {0 tho tnxpuyors with grent forco, and there {n no doubt whatever that it the matter conld be submiitted to o popu. lar vote the Meyor's dusire for remsonulilo econnmy in munigipal dxponditure would by overwhelmiugly opproved, As the caiv now standy thero are no appropriations, and the Couneil, having failed to pass tho Lill over tho velo, must conunence anew aud framo snother ordinauce, 'The Republican party stouds pledged to continna the wike aud saccossful fluancial policy of Muyor IHzata's Adwinistration—a policy of honesty and genuine economy, aud since 1t is upon that iseue hat the pending campaigu is to bo fcught, the Republicaus in the Qouncil THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, MARCH 18, I879—TWELVE PAGES. are under obligatioys to redeem the pledge ombodied in the excellont ticket nominated a woek ngo. Mayor Hratn's veto isn Re- publican mensure, and ought to be sustained as such by overy Ropnblican Alderman, Thore remnin cloven days fn which to pass an ordinotico within tho fiest quartor of the fiscnl yonr as required by tho chnrter—am- plo time for agroeing npon n list of appro. priations that the Mayor and thoe taxpnyers will approve. s The Democratio and Republican Con- gressional cauncuses wero held Jast evening, and candidntes for Speaker and Clork of the Houso which organizes to-dny wore ngreod upon. 'The Demoerats ronominated Sanuen J. Raspann for Spenker and Groror M. Avaxs for Clerk, and the Ropublicans will voto for Gen, GanrieLp for Bpeaker and J. N. Rarsey, the colored ex-Congressman from Houtl: Caroling, for Olerk. The re-cloction of Mr. Raspary to the Spenkership is appa- vently assured, aw it is oxpeoted that the Domocratic Clerk will soe to it that the roll containg a sufliciont number of Domocrats to mnko sure of controlling the organization. Their cauens nominntions will bo supported without n brenk, and elected without doubt, 'The Republican policy with reference to the extrn mesalon was distinotly set forth in n resolution, adopled Dby the caueus, pledging the minority to resist the combination of partisan monsnres with the appropristion bills, and to vote for the Intlor only when unburdened with political nmendments. CONGRESS AND THE PRESIDENT. Congresa will convene in extra session to- dny. This extrn session, which will cost tho country firat and last millions of dollars, wans mhdo uecessary -by the refusnl of the last Congress to voto supplies for the sup- port of the Legislative, Executive, .and Ju. dicinl branohos of the Government and the army. It was the Democratic Honso which refused those supplics, The Demverals de- sired the repenl of two luws to which the Republicans, in control of the Senate, wonld not consont. One is the law for tho pro- teotion of Congressional and Presidential oleotions from fraud and violence; the other, alaw providing for the presonce of troops to proserve peace in the event of nn out- brenk at oleotion-timo. Tho Domocrats made no effort to ropeal these-laws as an inde- pendout Jogislative measuro, but nttnched the proposed repenls to the approprintion Dills we have montioned, giving notice nt the snme timo to the Republican majority in the Senate that thoy would refuse to vote the supplics unless the proposed repeals wero passed as parts of the approprintion bills, ‘Ihe Republican Sennte refused to submit to this coorcive policy, and the Democratio Iouso forcad the extra session, 08 it threat- ened todo, In tho present Congress the Democrats will have & working mujority in hoth Houso and Senate, They bave it in their power, therefore, to pass the retarded appropriation bills with the proposod repeals * ridors or “tenders,” Theso bills will then go to the Presidont, who will probnbly be governed by the same patriotic purpose as ‘wau the Sonate of the lust Congross, and who, in that ense, will voto them, Tho bills: will then go back to Qongress, and cannot bo pnssed over tho President’s volo “except by two-thirds majority in both Hounaes, But the Demo- crats eannot command n two-thirds majority for a strictly partisan and whelly unjust menasure in oither Houmso, It will then bo for them to dotermine: whether they will pass thenpproprintion bills without tho extraneous and, objoctionnblo political attnchments or adjourn without providing the Government with supplies after July 1, noxt, If the Dem. ocrats ndhiers to the policy of the Inst Cun- gress, aa thoy threaten, thon they will refuse 10 vote tlie supplics, but will appenl to the country for approval or disapproval nt next year's election, leaving the Government in the meanwhilo to tho charity of those who mny be willing to contribute voluntarily to its support, so fur a8 its excoutive, judicinl, logislative, and military braoches aro con. carned. It will bo seon from this plein, mattor-of- fact statemont of the ecnso, that tho Domo. crats aro respousible (1) for the extra session, and (2) for the threatened pauperism of the Gonoral Governmant for the year to come. "Tho oxense for this extraordinary conduct is the failure of a faction in Congress to over- ride n co-ordinato branck of the Government and wullify its constitutional powers, Lo Senato, in the lnst Cougress, hud a parfeot right to vefuse to concur in legislation that wns obnoxious to it; but sach refusal did | not give tho House tho right to ent off sup- plios for the support of the Governmont, Ihe Prosident will have the constitutional right to veto any appropriation bill which carries with it politionl leglslation that ho cnnnot conscloutiously approve; bat such veto will not give Congress the right to ro. fuse supplies for the support of the Govern- mont whon it cannot pass apprapristion billy, thus loaded down, over the Exceutive veto. It was an outraga upon the people to force au extra session s » possible menns of carrying through politienl legislution which failed in o last Congress; but it will bo revolutiounry to block tho wheels of Govern. mont altogether beenuse a fuction which is not supremu eannot work out its profeets, When this issue was discussed in the Inst Congress, Mr. ‘Tnunyan undortook to justify the Demoeratio bulldozers by Buglish preoe- dents in which the Commous had cat off supples as nmeuns for compelling Royal acquiescenco in the popular will, But Mensra, Marruwws, OoKkiing, Braing, nail Hoan clearly fllustrated the differenco bo. tween tho Amerienn systom and the English systont, elther pnst or prosont. In formner tines, when the Englivh monarch was more absolute than now, the rofusal of the Come wous to voto supplies was tho ouly defenso ngningt Royal eucronchiment upon papular rights, for tho mouarch, a horeditary ruler, u nowike represeuted the people, and conld only ho mudu to feol the power of the people through his purse, ke Amérlean Prosidont, on the other hund, [s elected by the people, aa Congroas i, and s intrusted by the Con- atiintion with. cortain co-ordinate powers with the Loglslature, Amony theso fs the veto.powor, It I8 actually equal to about tifty voles in the Houso of Representatives and fifteen votes fu the Benate, for it repre. | souts the differenco betwocu one-half and two-thirds of Congress, A singls vola mora thau one-linlf of the. louse, aml tho same in the Beuato conefirring, can pass a Lill, but it requires wore than two-thirds of both louses to sot uside tho veto, In attaching politieal legislation to the approprintions, und theu refusing to vote supplies whin the Tremdent fustets npon these ** ordare ™ being drapped, Congress undertakes to nullify the President’s provogative, aud defy the peoplo to tha extent that the Presidont represonts the people. Tt wonld not be any mure revo- Iutionary for tho President to return unin. cumbared appropriation bills with a potice lo Congress that he would not sign thew unless Congress wonld attach to them cer- tain political legislation which ho liad recon. mended in his annunl messnge. Yot if n Trosident wore to attempt any high-handed procceding of this kind thera wonld Lo au outery againat usurpation that wonld shake tho Govornment tq the very foundation. Tl differonce belwaen the present British systom nnd our own is equally marked. In Groat Britain the process for testing the popular strongth of any given mensuro is by o contest botween the Commons and the Ministry. Whon the Houso refuses lo voto supplies, the Minislry nppeals to the conntry immpdintoly ; then the peoplo clect n House that will comply with the demands of the Ministry, or thoy re-cloet an opposition House and the Minfstey resigne, In this manner the conflict is definitely settled, and the supplics voted. Without discussing the relative morits of the two systews, it is suflicient to note the differenco. Our lnws provide only for a periodical appeal to the conntry, The Presidont is elected for four years and vested with cortain powers nsn representativo of the people during that period. 1f, during that lime, Congress en- deavors to Lreak down the Gaveramont by refusing to vote supplics, becauso the Presi- dent will not abandon his prérogative, then Congress is guilty of a revolutionary pro. ceeding, and becomes a law-brenker instead of n lnw-maker. A contest botween Congress and the Presi. dont on this basis is extra-constitutional, and the party which forces it is pretty sure to meot defent when the time cpmes for the people to decide botween tho two, Congress tried tho samo coorcive policy in Jaoxson's time, and tho result was: that the peoplo rallied in vast majorities to sustain the Prost. dent for defending the prerogative vested in his ofilca by the Constitution, If President Haxes wero to-day 1n the attitude of refusing to sign approprintion bills for the support of the Govertnent bocnuse n Democratic Con- greas would not attach certain Republican and partisan measures to those bills, there is no doubt that the Ropublican party, if it should sock to sustnin him, wonld suffer ovorwhelming defent at tho hands of the poople in tho mnext general election. DBut this is precisely what the Democratic party is ondeavoring to do with tho help of a partisan majority in Congress; it proposes to coerce the President to abandon his pre- rogative and his proportionato representation of .tho people, or to leave tho Government without Supplics. The American peopls cannot afford to approve of any such prec- edent, whatover tho issue may be, AN ENGLISH VIEW OF CATC! A THE AMERICAN The Amorican correspondent of the Lon- don Times hing been onlightoning that paper upon the beautics of our political enucus sys- tem by showing how the machino worls nt primary elections in Philadelphin, nud sends throogrolumna of matter, which is supple- mented by s two-column editorial commont. ing upon tho information which ho fur- nishes, At this distance from Philadolphin, somo of the information which he supplies will undoubtedly be now and interesting to our own readers, For some timo past tho Ropublican party in that city has been di- vided iunto two factions, the **White Mats” and * Bluck Hats,” tho former led by an ox- Bheriff and the other by a sbrewd Irishman, 'l'o.theso there has subsequently been added a third foction, cager- to Lold n balance of power, called the *Slouch Hats.” Upon all ocensions of couvontions oy fmpertant pri- mary clections these factions appesr in hats of the style indicated by their titles, The primary mcotings are held on the gecond Tuesdny in Janunry, and on that dny overy Ropublican politician in tha city trainod under ous of the three hats, ¢ As the Mayor sympathized with one fac- tion, tho Mayor's polica wora *white hats.’ As the leador of the other faction i tho chief of the dopnrtment supplying the city with gns and rules that supplying the wator, all tho turncocks and motre-men, stokers, on- gineers, sud mechanios wore * binck hats,” " ‘The Democrats are noi bohind tho Repub. licana in this sort of thung. At tho samc primary election thoy appeared in three fac- tions, each with its set of candidates, known by the titles of the, ** Kickers,” tho * Rats,"” and the' Mice,” nnd ono of theso was aigain subdivided fnto * Irishmen” nand ** Sous of Irishmen,"—** tho deacoudant of tho Emorald Iulo born in Amerion disputing his futher's right to control of the groat Dumocratic purty.” ‘I'ho snmo correspondont describes in o very geaphiv nnuuer how the * White Iats™ and * Black Hats," when tho lines wero so tightly drawn cbat it looked as if {hio purty unght bo Lenten, socrotly met and agroed {o compromise on the basis of a division of the spoils and to smash the ¢ Slouch Hats," and draws tho followmyg interesting pioture of n uot vory croditablo phaso of American pol- itios s *The new Goversior of Ponnsylvania was in- augurated, and J. DoNALD CAMERON was on the samu day elected United States Sonator at Horrias burg, about 100 wiles trow Phladelplhia, Thens cerumonics wers employed to muko a spuctacle to divert the *boya' who in the electlon divisions had been malizning, and cheating, and sowutines pummeling each othor, ‘Tha railronds leading fo Harrlaburg were bored fur ‘freo puvses,' and Bberal subscriptions wore taken for bands of musle, Houors, and fireworks, Soldlors wero gath. cred thero from ull parts of the State, and on the appointed day he several thousand Republican *stateamen’ who run the Puiladelvhia ‘mn- ching' wera transported to the Caplial and helped to fnaugnrate the Governor and clect Ihe Benator. It was midwinter, nnd they all wore black s, The handin of leadors went up ln a palace car, sud drank champagne 10 seal thelr compromies, wh])n the rauk and 8o pledged ench uther w coplons deaughts of peer und whi Tha display was tuanimously voled o great cony, and it cured almost al the Philadelphin po- Itical fitemper, Forty-cight houts of lbattone, with large tutcrvals of rojofeing, music, and spece taclus, aud smnil intervals of wieep, wiil usoally prepare the averupo Ameddcan politician for a ool Teat when he gets home, and, haviog retarocd to Puilndelphis and rested, the teadums (hore ane nounced thelr compromine, They hud mashed tho *Hlouch Huis,' who never had uueh strengih, and they dividea the thirty-one vlaces on the Clty Cowmmittes a3 nearly equnlly ae thay could,* I'hn vorious methiods by which tho caucus saves tho votors uny trouble of deliberation in our large citles aro too well known to ncail claboyation, Politicsl fuctions are not conflned to Philudelphifn, though, a4 u rule, thoy are largely confined to the Dewmocratio organlzations, In Now York, the fuctious usunlly take the nates of tho leaders who head them, In Baltimore thuy ero desig. nated by such.suplonious terma us * 1ood ‘Pubs” and **Pluf Uglies,” In Chicogo, they rango from ** Bilk Stockinga " to ** Dirty Bbirts,” ¢ Bummers,” and *Healawaga,” ‘The Rspyblicun purty in this ity hay thus fur saved aself from fuctionw, though it follogva In the lead of tho caucus, Although the (rade of pulities s wmore diversitied in Philadelphia than in any other Amgrican city, not uven vxeopting Nuw York, tho cunous maching works i thewm all with grent onse nud suceesd, nud the free and in. dupendout vater, ny a tule, goos to the polls aud reglstors his vote according to the edicts of a cauous in which bo has had no hand, It tho meu who run the machine could bo trusted, the arrangemont would not bo n bad one, becnusa it would savo tho voter a great donl of tronblo; but tho men who ran the ninchino are not nsunlly to bo trusted. They nro corrnpt men, mmnuing the machine for coriupt purposos, and their following is ko largo and thoir inflnence 8o powerful that the respoctable votors have little hope of suceoss in any combination against tham. Tho lotter written by the 7¥mes correspond. out was spocially intended to Le uged asan argnment against tho efforts of tho Birming. bam politiclans, who have beon secking to introduce our caucus system into English politics, and the 7%mes, in its editorial com- mots, givos it that application. It is notics- uble, howover, that the 7imes has changed ita tono materinily, When tho Birmingham sehoot of politicans fivat proposed the adop- tion of our caucus system, the Times vigor- ously attacked tho system, and forotold so- rious disaster to English politics from its use. Now, howover, whila it does not favor the system, bocanse it thinks that * the English ropresontative systen induces perfect sym- pathy batweon Buglishmon and the Legisla- toro which majes their Inws,” it does not an- ticipato any such corrupl results, if it wore introdnoed, ns those to which we have be- como ncoustomed, It says: “If the system shonld become general in England, votes wonld bo. counted honestly. ' It would not bo estaemed ‘the highest gift of tho politi- cian,’ an nccomplishment mora valuable than ‘book lenrniug or o collega edueation,’ to «know how to bring out of the ballot-boxes a difforont set of votes to those which wero put in, Thoso dolegates would bo returned for whom most votes were given,” Wo doubt, however, whether tho leopard can chango his spots, oven though ho bo od English ono, Iumnn nature {8 about the somo tho world over, and politicians nre politicians the world over, from the Phila. delphin “ Kicker,” who smashoes in tho ribs of his opponent, to tho King of Burmal, who murders all his relotives so that they shall not bo oxposed to the temptation of stealing the throne from him. English politicians may bo the honest, guilcless cronturos described by tho Zimes, but wo would not believe 1t until wo had once seen thom tested by a first-class American ma- chino got up in Birmiugham or Liverpool in completo running order. I thoy could ro- sist its opportunities, thon, indeed, would the political Utopia be discovered. THE ILLINOIS STATE GUARDS, Abill entitled ** An act to provide for the organization of tho Sltate militin,” which ought moro properly to be enlled ** An nact to provido for the disorgnuization and disband- ment of the State militia,” comes up. in the Illinois Housa as o specinl order - this morn. ing. Itis in opposition to the bill roported by tho majority of tho Militia Comiittoe, which provides an appropriation of the very. moderate sum of §100,000 for this #nd next year, aud thereafter for one-fifth of onomill in the goneral tax-lovy to be usod as a mili- tary fund for the State. Tho miuority cut off this oppropriation, and simply provide for the empty privilego of organizing militin compnnies, of which nobody will avail him- self. Among tho rensons cited by Messra, Ianr, IiNckrey, Wepes, Mircuay, and McOneeny, who eign the minority report, why thoy cannot approve tho proposod sup- pott for a regularly-organized militia s, that *an armed militin among a frec poople creates discontont and opposition that will oventuslly do more harm than good,". Does it, indeed? Wo fortunatcly havo hiad o limited *‘ armed militin " in Ohi- engo and somo other parts of the State dur- mg tho pnst two or threo years. Did it do ‘“moro hann than' good " when tho neoplo reliad upon it na o reservo in the ease of the riots of 1877 or tho Braidwood mining woubles? Was it the knowledgo of an of- fotive militin force in every Stato in the country, or the knowledge that there was no such forco, which encouraged the general roifrond riots of 1877? Wns it persuasive argumont or the polico nnd armed force fiually brought into nction, that snppressed this rioting and checked the destruction of proporty? ‘Tho gentlmnen who comumitted themselves to this stateinent have only mndo themselves moro ridiculous by adding ns au- other renson for opposing an efclont Militla Inw, that * the nrining of militia will engender political corrnption uud political combinn. tions injurious to our froo fustitutions, nud teaches the peoplo to forsake the time-hon. ored und far safer and moro patriotic custom of {rusling to tho loyalty of the citizous to protect thomsclves and compal obedience ta Iaw.” Aund what elso is the proposed organi- zation and support of militin than self-pro. tection and au effort to compel obedlencu to the law? The differonco is betwoen propar- iug for defenso and protoction, and not do- ing so, Whothior the gentlemen who huvo made this minority report so intended it or uot, thoy have merely givon voico to specious ronsons suggested by Commuanists for lenv- ing society at their mercy. Neithor tho ordinary polico of cvities, nor the constabu. lary of the State, nor the unarmed nud un. propared citizeus, aro in a condition to effect- ively rosist a sudden outbreak which threat- ous 1ifo aud proporty, There iz more donger of ok ontbrenks here aud olsowhere naw, if wigns nro not mislending, than .there was in 1877, 'Phough the condition of the vonl workingman is much improved, there is rea. won fo boliovo that tho nmnber of Commu- nisty hos inerensed, and the unserupnlous and desperato leadors bava become bolder. ‘I'ha exponditur of F100,000 n yoar, mora or Jesy, m the support of mi eflolent organization of citizon-saldiers may save tenfold that amonut of property und thousauds of human lives, Sucl un orgauizatiou Is no offonse, but only o sufoguard, lo o who are disposed to koep the pence and acknowledge the rights in property. = Wo ean scarcely thiuk that the 1linois Leglslature will tako any other viaw of tho wutter, EXEMPTIONS FROM TAXATION, The enso now pending before the Bupremo Conrt of the Umted Btates, in whioh the Northiwestern University (Mothodist) at Eyanstou and the 8late of Tllinols are par- tivs, is ono which, while of deop intorost to ull the peopls of this State, must have an fn. terast gencrally to the wholo conntry, I'ho Constitution of Iilinois of 1818 pravided : **'Che property of tho Siate and counties, both real and personsl, and such other broperty as the General Agvemuly may deem necessary for school, rollztony, and charitade pucposes, may ue ox- empted from tuxation, ™ 1In 1845 the Lugislaturo amonded tho ohar. terof the Northwestern University by pro- viding— **That all proporty, of whataver kind or dee acription, belonging to or owned by said corpora- Huy, shall bu fofuves freo from taxation for any and sl} purporcs, ™ Thio Northwestorn Univorsity in time be. cawe tho owner of large tracts of loud, in. cluding nonvly all of what is tho sito of the prosent City of TEvauston ; this land it has lensed forrent ; it ulso owna valuablo lauds 1 (his oity which {5 alio lossud to teusuta, All the land nnd other property owned by tho Univorsity and not nsod for achool pur- poses wos nsaossed nud taxad by tho State in 1873, and judgment was given for the taxes; property of universities, not usad for school, to the Sypremo Court of the United Biates, whoro tho cnso lins boen racontly arguod. islatnro fo exompt property bold for sohool, such property, but the right of a religious, wns sot others followed rapidly. No. oll txation on all proporty owned by the corporations, orty held for ohurch purposes. In the argumonts filed in the onsc, Mr. Dexten furnished o list of the corporations to whom tho Legislature of Illinois had granted chartars cxompting all kinds of prop- oty from taxation. ‘Tho list is o formidable one, and we roproducs it to show tho enor- mous oxtent to which this shamoful nbuso lins beon pushed. Tero is tho list: Bterling Acaderoy at Sterling. Wesleyan Seminacy of Peoris, Whitchall Male and Female Academy and Or- phan Institute, 1lennepin Unlon Seminary at Tonnepin, Mount Carroll Seminary. Qalenn Theotogical Sominary, Nortbern llinols Agriculturat Collogo, Peorin Female Academy, Peoria Acadony. Du Quoin Female Seminary. Unlon Academy. Chicago Theological Seminary. +Fulton Seminary, Clark Seminary at Aurora. ‘Marengo Collcgtate Institute of the Preabytery of Chtcago. Barean College. Eureka College. Nashville Academy, 1lyde Park Seminary. Tralric City Academy. Dixon Colleglate Instituto, Carbondale College, Lind University, Blackbnrn Theologlcal Seminarys Ttocktord Wesleyan Beminary, Lombard University, Monmouth College. Evanston Seminary. Aledo Collegiate Iustituto. Chicagzo Reliet and Ald Soclety, Rock River Seminary and Coltegiste Institute, Bushnell Colleve. Wautegan Academy., Culeago Home for the Friendless. Blandinville Bominary. * Charleston Academy. Galena Classlenl Institute, Mattoon Academy. Olnoy Male and Femalo Colloge, Washington Academy. Iloomtugdale Academy, L1 Paso Acadeny, Lockpurt Scuninary. Metropolts College. Wuodstock University, ) Young Men's Chirlgtian Association of Chicago. Insunu Asylum in Cuok County. Ministerial Education Soclety of the Mothodidt Church, - Tiliuots Natural History Soclety. Mattoun Fomale Semivary, Mattoon College, Toman Cathotic Asylum of the Diaceso of tho Cathiollo Bishiop of Chicago, Ameriean Bible Boclety, Springfield Momo for tho Fricndless, Chicago Mintstry at Largo. Burrlngton Acadonys Gruudy Academy, De Sota College. Westtlold Colluge. Augustana Colloge and Seminary, Wanhingtun Senunary. Quincy Indopondent Gierman School Association, Peorla German Schuol Assoclation. Daptist Thoologleal Unlon. Lincoln University, Chicago Nursery and talf-Orphan Asylum, St. Luke's Husoital of Chicago, Chleago Erring Wowen's Itofuge for Reform, German Unfon Evangolicat Synod, . § Hlinols Agricuitural College. Hhnots Soldlers® College. Mount Carroll Sominary, Southern Ilinols College, Edgar Colleglate Insiituts, DeWitt County Semluary, @ Unitod flebrew Nolief Assaclation of Chleago, Washmgtontan ITowme of Chicago, Beamen's Bunevolent Union, Blstors of the Good Shephurd, Young Ladies' Athencum. Chlcago Astronomlcal Socloty, Chileao Listorical Boclety. Ludles' Buptist Educational Soclety, Beunett College of Eclectic Medicine and Burgery. Jenninga' Seminary, Jersoy¥ille Acadomy, Stount Vernon College. Rock Fatls Collego, Clussical Eeminary at East Paw Paw, Winnetka Acadeiny, Chicagu Academy of Sclonces. Ulhich Evaugelical Lutberan Orphan Asylum. Publio Library Assaclation, of Chicago, '+ \l'mmz Men'a Chirlstian Association, of Jackson- ville, i Y;nufi Mca's Chrlstlan Assoclation, of Spring. eld, CGurrett Diblical Instituto, of Evanston, Northwestern Univorsity, TAXING MORTGAGES, Wo published soma dnys ngo some oriti. clsms on n bill proposed in the State Logisln- ture by Senator Warrnno for tho purposo of taxing mortgages. Weo print the bill itsule this morning, and It Is, as wo suggested, almost o litoral copy of tha provision placed in the now Constitution of Oalifornia on the samo snbjeot, 'I'ho bill fu so framod (hat it enseted it would ba inoporative ; it will ye. quiro » voluminons stntute to provide tho muchiuery for putting it {u forve, ‘I'ie objections to this bill are many and various, 'The owner of the fea of laud sub- Joat to taxation connot Le compelled to ro. port to tho Assessor the amoung of his dobts, or of nuy incumbrauce on his/reulty, and it ho does not, what {a the Assesdor going to do about it? In thab case,, the properly belug taxed, what ezonpos taxntion ? The owner of n fea mny not reside in the samo town whore the laud is Jocuted, How i the auswer in such cnse to reach the owner and interro. gate Limon lis oath ny to hisdebts? In ench cnsos avoall the mortgages to escapo taxption? These are, with many othera that vl naturally snggest themselves to tha render, praotioal objestions, which are fatal to any such bill of discovery as this, - Mr. Wmmine deludes himsolf with the idea that e caun Ly tuxing mortgagos reduce the taxation of the dubturs, -'Fhat absurdity is mot vedgemed by the portinmeity with which ke clinga to it;* The only mods of re- ducing taxation to dcebtors is by removing overy tax on debt; if debts Lo taxed 2, B, or 4 per oout, then tho debtor Las to pay that tax in the way of “additionnl interest, dis- vouuts, or commisslons, . No law oan chango this inevitable condition of eirouwmatencos, an nppont wne taken o the Btate Bupremo Cottrt, and that hody deolnred that the Log- islatura in 1835 had no powor to exempt tho roligious, and charitablo purposes, from tax- ation, From this an appeal hina been taken The decisfon in this cose roachos a groat many other institutions, and applies to con- sidorable property, The powor of the Leg- religions, and oharitable purposes is not do- nied, and no attenpt has beon made to inx school, or charitablo corporation to hold other property and use it for purposes of profit is donied. 'The first exemption of this kind was in 1840, aud once the precedent In point of Limo the oxemption chartersio inatitutions wora granted as followa: Date, Of these, 110 gr;mlad full exemption from All this is in addition to prop- ond it s strangoe that o mnan of Bonator ‘Wntrna's genernl intelligonco does nol com. prehond » fnct ovidencod by the exporionce of ll mankind, In this bill the fact in con. coded that to Iax the land and to tax n mort. gago oun it is double taxation, That fsn condossion of the Iniquity of all taxes on cradits, Dut this bill undortakea to rolleva property of n portion of ita tnxation and to conyert every Assessor anid Tax Colleotor in the Btato {uto n Chancery Court, with power to detormina tho equitable division of taxes botwoon debtors and eroditors, and to detor- mine who ara the owners of liens, morte gnges, and other incuinbrauces. Undor this bill every porson who files o fien for labor or materinls on any butlding becomes at ouco stibject to taxation on he proporty, and the Assesgor must detormine whother tho lion is a valid one, and the amount of it, and nlso pass on tho validity and.amount of all other .liens on tho property, nud then enter upon his books the proportions of tax to be paid Ly ench holder of au fncumbranco, and by oach person having au intorest in the prop- erty. Ii n mojorily of casen holdors df these mortgnges nre non-residvnts, and befora their credits can be confiscated or de- clared vold there must ba o judgment of courts, and for a judgment there must be parties in court, aud parties must have no- tico, ‘Under this Dill,, fustend of collecting the tnx from the property, without referonco to tho ownership nnd in the mnuner pre- seribed by the Constitution, the State is to cxempt the property, and cugago in fruitless sattempts to find tho holders of mortgages and othor fncumbrances. Wo suppose that in ninety-nine cnses out of overy hundred of mortgages thoro is .nn express contract that tho mortgngor shall pay all taxes nnd nsscssments’ onr the mortgaged property. This cuts this bill of from all application to exiating indobtedness, For the future thers would be simply such an ex- tortion in tho rate of interest or commission that the oreditor would protect Limself at tho dobtor's exponse, or thero would be no loans ot nll. Stripped of all domagogism aud lunacy, this bill and all other bills in- tended to collect toxvs from crodits aro at- tompts to reverse tho law of dobit aund cred- it; to mnke the creditor pay for the privi- luge of londing his money; aud nll such logislation must prove sbortive at all times and under all circumstauces, The people of Milwaukeo areconsiderably ex- ercleed over the proposition now beforo the Common Councll for the clty toloan individuals and corporations $500,000 in the aggregate in order to encourage munufacturing. The proj- et 18 tho bone of contention in the newspa- pere, and {8 freoly discusscd by the clubs, and in saloons, nnd wherever olse the people most do congregate. Private enterprisc, which is always the best stimutus for all sorts of legitimate business,—manulacturing included,—has al- ready done much for tho prusperity und benefit of our nefghiboring city, and her clitizens witl do well not to cnter just now upon the subsidy business. ‘The prooosition as it now stands naturally divides itself fnto two parts, to- wit: to ecxempt cerfain .public manu- facturing cstablishments from taxation, and to {ssuo clty bonds and zive a bonus to others. The first fa undoubtedly contrary to the Cooatitutfon of the State of Wisconsin ns [nterproted by her Supreme Court, nnd the othier will be likely to bu found to be in violation of the charter of the City of Mil- waukee, If the latter does not antagonize the charter in lotter und spirit, {t certainly ought to, for the *“plau® s essentlally .viclous und re- pugnant to the laws of trado und all healthy competition. Thefdes of taxing certaln indus- tries thnt havo been bullt up to the puylng polot by the labor und solf-sacrifice of thefr proprietors, for the purpose of selting the non- paying coterprines on their feot, {s both Imprae- tieable andunjust, and ought not to be seriously ontertained for a moment, Voting away other people's monoy in the shape of subsidics is a perniclous pructico to bo dopreeated under all circumstances, no motter whether the subsidy comes in the shape of exemption trom taxation, a grab out of the National ‘Pronsury, or u donatlon of city bonds. ‘The Bucinlists of Mllwaukeo—a class of people who sie accused of always having an insatieble hane kering atter other people’s mnonoy—held a meot- Ing the other ovening and denounced the $500,- 000 loan scheme in terse und emphatic terms, which uust bo sct down to their credit, —————— The ITon. W. C. Winrrorp, Buperintendent, of Public Instruction for Wisconsld, has Issucd his nunual report, which preseots much valuable Informution ou the subject of education in that Stute. There aro nearly 800,000 puplls in the public schools, who are under the Instruction of 10,000 teachers, of which number more than thres-fourths aro femaies, There are 80,000 chil- dren in the private schools. Male teachors in the country received 833 per month and the femalo teachers §23; and in the cities, males $105 und fumales $30 on un average. Fity-elght igh schools hud upptled for State alil last year, and eiehty-ilvo have applied this year, ehowing a graufylng increass. Tho whole number of serfes of toxt-books used Is soveuty-ve, und the number of alfferent books Is 180, ‘The cost per pupl was, fo hing, 85.43; including other expensus, §7. and {ncluding Interest ou value of property nt 7 per cent, 3849, The distribue tion of Schoul Fund was at the rate of 00 cents per scholur, a decreasy of two cents trom the previons yenr, und there will doubticss be a slight decrease overy yeor horeafter, The Bu- perintendent gays that * Nothing fo our publfe- school system 1s so bumitinting as the condition of the sehool Horarfes,” und be goes on to forti- fy bis assertion by fucts and flgures. Five thousund teachers 1u the State—about one-half the number—attended ' the Institutes, Mr. Waitronn's suggestions for improvivg tho sehouls embrace greater permanency und higher qualitications for teachers, more high-school work, free text-hooks, aud s course of study for ungreded schiools, - i Gen, Gmnox has had about as much experl- ence of Indinu-fighting asany ofllcer In the uriny, and bis advice as to the arms that should be used to fight Indians with ougtit to bo hoeded, Iiu says i the April nuinbor of the now quar- terly, the United Service, thut the smull arms at present in use aro defective fn Indinn tichting because they are hot sceurately sighted vor suie nuly triguered. ‘The first thing to by done Is to cuse thy trigger. ** No man,” lo says, *cau shoot accurately a riflo which requires nseven- pound welght to be brought to bear upon the trigger,” and yet that is the measurs of the forew required to firo off an army rifie, The-In- dinng and frontiersmen, und a1l the sharpghioot- crs, at Creedmoor and clsewhere, have bulr- trizgora in their guus, They atso bave thele front-slzhts filled down and thelf hind-sighis re- placed by what 18 kuown as the # buck-horn ¥ sleht, ‘Llts enolles them to draw o :* line sight, and, witha hairtrigeer, they cau, nftor a little practice, sund a ball home *nearly every time, What these clnsses have found by ex. perfence to be useful knprovemunts ought to by provided for the soldiers at once. Muny valuae ble Jives might be suyed theredby, Io docs op- pear, howeyer, that the soldlera got * fine® cnough slzbiis on the Jast lut of miscrable Chey- ennes that they huppensd to corrly e e The New York Worid docsu't enjoy being guyed" about its spproachlvg transformation into a bruueh obitusry nowspaper, under fho wanagement of GXOROE WASIINGTON CIHLD, Wo bopo thero §s nothing sintster fu the alfeged connection of obltuary jouruatism with the GrANT moveruent, ’ e e —— 1n 1871, Commander BaLrrinas, of the Unjt- od States nayy, wade o survey for (e proposed ship-canal across tho' Isthmus of . Darien, snd Last goar Livutouaut Wras, of the Freuch uarr completed mnother, after apending morg than twonty months on the route, A Datlen Ship. Canal Congross witl soon assemblo tn Parla 10 which President HAYES has promised to m\n'u a dalegate, Tho proposed eannl would bo only thirty-two miles long, twenty-Tour of which can be eheaply constructed, aml then comes the tost- Iy part of the wark In the shape of o tunnel over threa miles fu length, nud lofty enongy to admit the passngo of tho largest ateamstuy, Nine locks will bu required on {he work, :m(. the total axpense Is estitnnted ot B100,000,000, ‘The Suez Canal cost 81,274,000, and has proved a most profitable investtnent, The maln in distance, sfter the Darlen Canal 18 compfted, between Now York md S8an Fran. clseo, ovor the Cape Horn route, Is 7,370 unntieal mites; Now York and Honolulu, 7,100 miles; and New York and Shangal, 1,000 tuites. 7y conuneree of the elvilized world has an finmensg stake in such o magnificent undertaling, modern ongincoring ekill lias n longing louk [y the same direetion. It Is n schume,that L« eml. nently worthy of the daring enterprise whigy built the Pocific Rallrond, or united the oy Warld with thie Now by strotehiug a cable Under the Atlantie Ocean. —— GoLpwWiN SaiTn's runoing comment on cun rent ovents In the Canadian wouthly, Zawsy. Jord's Magazine, continuca to bo both nstruc. ivo and entertalolng, ‘Ihero are few men g this country more competent than ho to write of European affalrs. In the Mareh number of .the magazine we find him saying, aprupos of Gnavy's election: He apparently bo solntely alien to her, rexnrding hor with no more iutareat or emotion than tho Church of Juplter op Oniele, * 1t was said that whew hio was Presient of the National Assembly, having to attend eersicy oMicinlly at Notre Danio, when tha saceistan pre. ronited bim the holy water at the entuince of the charch, he, not knowing what. waa meunt, took the brush 'from the astonlatiad sacrisiun, hogls dered It, and marched with It to kis wall, Further on hoe malies this remark about thy Prince Imperial, which, to most Awerican reads ers, will scem needlessly mysterious: I Lhe recent accounts of his condition are teus, tho poor yonth would nppear to have fmbib his cradle the murality of ?fiu Becoud Kmm‘m. ey ‘The Prince must bo In a had way indeed, ifalf that Mr. 8a1Ti seoms to mply Is true, —— 3 i Gen, Brapry Jounso, of .Richmond, (¢ baving trouble. e s charged with cortain questionablo transactions in councctlon wity railrond grauts, and Is defendant {n a sult fust). tuted by the Commonywealth. The Whiyspoke of him very disrespectfully before the sult camg to trial, nud hie caught tavtar In Court nthe person of Mr, Murray Fonses, Counsel for tka Commonwealth. In the courss of a bitter speech, Fonoes said: “Gen. ‘Jonnsox is no gentleman, nor o flt associste for gentlemen. ‘This lunguago in the South meaus usually ong tulng. Bo Gen. Jonnson sent a friend uround to Fonngs, and asked for that thing. Fonpes: slgnificd his willlngness to accommodate Gen, Jounson; but just at this ipoint fricuds futer. _fored, and the bloodthirsty warrlors were bound over to keop tho peace in $2,000 each. ‘Thiy postpanes, if it does not prevent, the affalr of honor arranged for; but it leaves Gen. Brap. LY JonNBON'S roputation fn rather a dawaged condition, —_— Tho 8t. Louis Jost (Dom.) is very much op~ posed to the election of SaMUEL J. RANDALL a8 Speaker.of the next 1louse. It deseribes him a8 a mon of **shrowancss and cunning, but ut- terly dovold of talents, or culture, or thohicher qualitics of intellect aud statesmanship,”—allof which has more truth than poetry init. Butthe Lost is undoubtedly wrong In saying that Bur 8rriNger would make a better presiding offier of the Houso than Ranpant. Wo frecly admit that our WiLrLIAM [s the better looking manof the two,—the corn-fed momber from Sprivgleld belng quite falr to ook upon,—but By is teo much engrosaed with the impeachment business to givo his attention to preserving order aud the enforcement of tho rules. BrriNGEnR can'tkeep himself in ordor more than a third of the time, and the flasco he mude at the lnst secssion with tho Geomen F. Smwirp fmpeachment shons that he knows nothiug of parllamentary law. > R —— The Democratic Government of Missourl is thoroughly bad, and decent peoplo fn that Stata oro disgusted with it. There secms to be a gene eral deslre {n the large citles to cut tooso from the rotten concern, und get into more respects able connactions. 5t. Louls asks to be suuexed to Ilinots, and Kansas City to Kansas, and therd 1s auother schemo to divide the State in two, which would hiave wood chances of success i elther section could ngreo to tako its share of responalbllity for the present condition of affairs, ‘The objection to a division of the State would be the disturbance of the presont Conuressional apportiunment and representatiou ju the Scnate, but {f Missourl would dissolve its tate Govern: ment altogether, Kansas, Town, 1llinofs, and Arkansas would divido up the land awong them and give It deccot Governmont, e ——— The New York Star has imposed upon fteell the plensing task of overbaullng the Rew HxExny Wanp Beecnen's roliglous creed, il comes to the ridicalous concluglon that he is nob sound fu the orthodox fafth, The Starzsys that Mr. Becuen does not Leliove fn the Diylnity of Chirlst ; that ho rejects ‘tho claim of the Biblo to hava been {nepired; and thathe doubts the Immurtality.of the soul, 'The Sta 18 n seculur paper, und Is not supposed o know much about theolagy, much less Is v vompetent tourralgn o man like Mr, Bzecnen, who bas printed more aml better sermouns thau guy other clergyman in Amories, lving or deads Besidcs, It would bo au easy mnatter to rofuteall the Star's charges of heresy by quutations frou Mr. BeEcHER'S published dlscourses upon the very subjucts referred to by the Star. e Tho Liferary World volces polite cant fa Boston truthfully when it eavs, in reviewingd Chleago book on **'The Gorman ™; * Iluw much cheapor and better o book club or a litersry circle fs than the Germen,” The Word docd not ruflect that the Germav is o davce, {otended for amusemont, while book-clubs and literary circles ure, for most young people, preity sl work, 1f book-clubs nud ltorary cireles lavd the effect of taking spring and clustielty out of youthful spirits, nud making people pretend 1o enjoy things they don’t underatand, wu think they might betfer not exist, ‘There are wursd defeets of character thun o toudnces for daneivg) ~Insincority, lor {nstanco. ————— Young Hamiwron Fisu's polltica carcer had beon serfously checked by the pubtivation ul: letter written by him ju 1575 ll.wusmrccml to o felend, awd uaked him to expend $100 out v his own pocket to nsalst fn the clection of the writer. Young Ilaminron obsepved that he could not spend uny mousy dircetly on his oWt account und take thu oatlof ofilce; but b3 promised, it 1o wore elected, to rolmburse Mis friend, after taking the path of oflice. 1o wad clected that yeor, aud so was not required Ita commit perjury; but the publication of he If ter bus vevealed a condition of mural nmm‘# ncas in young HAMILTON which is shocking eved to his Irjonds. L Cranies BUMNER was something of 8 "mfi ] man und patriot 1 bis day and generation, itk was made to sulfor suverely o his owu |.mliln for the faith {u ull weh that he alweys elm(i?lt % flobas been dead only five years, und )“[ prowiueut Coneressman from bis own Stat u‘ Mussuchiusetts declures thut he bojlgres the i wil) come when the Federal (overnmeut “‘|’ peaston mulned Rebel soltiers, und anm}“ hus been enloigized fu the Senuty of the Ul Stutes. e e e ‘The Chileaga Morning Jera'd, Tunax's UL‘"; cent organ, made {8 flist appearance )!”'“{‘ % wornlug. It molntained ou enthustastle l““-“‘w on muny points, bue particulardy In vegett the nuwes of its responsiblo editors sud I‘f“; prictors. We svarch the finaucisl "‘"““'."xL vaiu for late Feports of tha coruer on the bar 'Te first practical result of Confederate Uust clering at \smulugtuuu a reduction of l'he ;:: baceo tax, by which the Uovernment Inm“ l;u 000,000 4f revouus annuslly, This law ml n wady guod, it poaslble, by the lupositlon 0