Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 2, 1879, Page 4

z \ TRIBUNE: SUNDAY. MARCH - §, 1879—SIXTEEN PAGES. The Tribnwe. TERMS OF SUBSURIPTION. . BY MATL—IN ADVAKCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. S l;.’.sg Specimen coples sent free. Give Post-Office address in full, ncludlog State and unty. Cemiktances may be made elther by draft, express, Fost-Ofice order. or in registered letuer, at our risk. TEENS 70 CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Dally. Geliscred. Sundsy excepted, 25 cents per week. Taily, delivered. Sunday incladed, 30 cents per week. Address THE TiIBUNE COMPANT, Cormer Madison and Dearborn-&ts., Chicago, Til. Orders for the delivery of Tax TRIDUNE at Evavston, Englewood, and Hvde Park'left in the counting-room Wil Feceive prompt attention. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, Toz CRICAGO TEIBUNE his estzblished branch offices for the reccipt of subscriptions and advertisements as follows: € NEW YOI:K—Room 29 Tyfbune Buflding. F. T. Mc- FADDER, Mecager. PARIS, France—XNo. 16 Rue de 1a Grange-Batellere. H. Manven, Ageat. LONDON, Eag.—American Exchange, 449 Strand. BexEYF. GrLiie, Agent. SAN FRANCISCO, Cal.—Paince Hotel. ‘WASHINGT 319 F street, SOCIETY MEETINGS. APOLLO COMMAXDERY, Conelave Tueaday evening, March 4. 1879 Sir Knights are always welcome. By order of ihe {nent Commander. BRI H. S. TIFFANT, Recorder. X0. 1, K. T.—Stated & 4 Feo T Tiuing PLEIADES LODGE, NO. 478 A. F. & A. M.—Ree- ulsr Communication Thursday even'ng. March 8. The epecial sublect of amending the by-iaws is 10 come be- fore the . A full attendance of members is armently requesied TSRO, B JENKINS, Acttag . XL VAN RENSSELAER GRAND LODGE OF PERFEC- TION, Fourtecnth Degree, & A.. Scottish Rite Ma- ‘l:fllfi V~‘IL‘.| hnbld lrélmlllt "Assembly on Thursday even- ERext B 08 PETTIBOXE. T~ P.". G M~ ED GOODALE, Grand Sceretars. CHICAGO CBAPTER, No. 177, R. A. M.—IS¢ Twen- -second-st. cla] Convocation Monday afternoon 3 g'clock, and Begular Convocatloh at 734 o'clock. ‘Work op the Roval Arch Degree. Vislting companlons of the M. E. H. P. cordiallylavited. By order oL e SNirFil, sacretars. COYENANT LODGE, NO.525 A. F. & A. M. ularGommunication Friday evenirz, Aarchs, s yinthisn Hall No. 187 East Kinzie-w.. at 7:130 o'clotk. for buslaess snd most imporisut work. The members a5e il riqacaivala suend” Viidug bretorea are lio o Thed. o g " OFE! {\. HANDLIN, W. ot WILLIAM KERR, Secretary. —Bes- ¢ Co- DGE. N0. 303, A. F. & A. M.—Regular ‘meeting T v evening, March 4. Businessof evening wnsid:nxg: lx)f ;m:ndm::ull? b);:‘L’.\l'li l‘;:x a‘l"lcg;bfl! ¢ Tequested fo de presont... By onder of fhe We 3. ! PRt H. CHANE, Focretary. ASHLAR WASHINGTON CHAPTER. NO. 43, R. A. M. —Rez- piar convocation #'riday af*ernoon and evering, sarch 3. 5t 4 20d 7:3) 0'clocK, at hall corner of Randoiph and Halsted-ste.. for work 03 the Boyal Arch Degrve. Vis- {cing companions cordially invited. ' By order NSTEUNAY, 1. 2. " CHAS. B. WRIGRT, Secreiary. CORINTRIAX CHAPTER.No. @, R. A. M.—Speclal Gentocation Monday evesin Sharen 5t % oclock. or ¢ P. M, Degree. ing Companions & sordial'y invited. By order F Y SAM'L EERR, H. P. iD COMMANDERY. X0. 75, K. 84 Concleve Wedneaiay ovening, March 5. 51 7:%0 o Sir Knizhts srw courreously” Int! By ordes £ G- J. O DICRERSON, livcoders SUNDAY, MARCH 2, 1879. There are hopss thet the fendish perpe- trators of the Bosion trunk mystery will soon be brought to light. The expressman who carried it to Everett has been dis- covered, and he states that two men named Ospozx zud Brzzer were very much inter- estd in the traneportation. 5o much so that he received a mental impression which e nover will forgeft ;3(3 i - Dr. Myyze, s North Side physician, who hed been incarcerated for several days on the charge of having procured the murder of his wife and 0 neighber in order that he mignt marry the wife of the latter, was before Judge koczis yesterday on a writ of haleas corpis. Several witnesses wero. examined, but their testimony was of little value. The Doctor received his liberty on furnishing bail to the amount of $7,000. The Scotch law for punishing delinquent Bank Directors seems to prevail in Russia. A criminal inquiry into the recent failure of a prominent bank in Crenstadt has been commenced, and the firsst r'p was to send the Directors and other pirc:ament officers (o jail. The sight of a few savings-bank offi- cisls behind the bars of a well-regulated county jail in this country wonid inspire the belief that, after zll, our laws were made for the punishment of criminels, —— There are indications that the immense rush for 4 per cent bonds will siacken off herenfter. The surplus unemployed money 15 thought to be mostly invested in them, and the seles will pretty rapidly decreass from now out. The subscriptions in January snd February were nearly two hundred and ffty millions, as follows $158,904, 100 - 80,101,750 Totaleeeescvien wue oonten.. ....§248, 005,850 The called 6 per cent bonds in the same time wero £250,000,000. The saving of in- terest will be jite millions s year. —_— The greater portion of g:esterdny ‘was de- voted by the Illinois House to filibustering on the Senate Chinese resolution. It was called up by one of the Fiat members, and was backed by the Democracy. As the Re. publicans were in the minority, it was ob- vious to them that it would never do to al- low the other fellows to have the credit of its ndoption. After & temporary truce, the bill was recalled on the Democratic side. She Republicans retorted with o demand for o call of the roll. Only seventy-six members answered, and an edjournment was immediately had. It is evident that ab- secteeism is the bane of the present as it was of the last Legislature. The citizens of Hyde Park have for soms time been living under the rule of officers elected upon Citizen tickets, and pledged to “ ecomony and reform.” But the expecta- tions of the taxpayers have not been realized, and the results as measured by the standard of retrenchment and honesty have been very unsatisfactory. They find themselves heavi- 1y in debt, and burdened by grievous taxa- tion and a growing expenditure, which they find it impossible to reduce by the metbods heretofora resorted to. In a town where there are nearly two Republicans fo one Democrat, they have, in a gush of frater- nal feeling, given the latter about two- thirds of the offices, and the collecting, handling, and custody of their.money. The result is that WarLprox, the late Democratic Treasurer, has-walked off with §114,000 of their funds, leaving behind assests nominally worth £25,000, but out of which only $10,000 will be realized. They consist of & Dbalf-inlerest in certain cosl-cars, for which $5,000 has been obtained, and a guantity of unsalable resl estate, probably worth §5,000 in morey, and, in addition to this, he hes turned over some impecunious bondsmen. This is what the people of the town have gotten by trusting to * Citizens’” move- ments for the mansgement of their affairs. There is, however, a disposition now to try _to mike somebody re- sponsible for the town government, and there is a growing impression that the Beépublican party has a8 thuch mofal féspon-+ sibility a5 any other political organization that they can imagine. The citizens are confident that the men comprising that party are not the worst part of their populstion, and that those holding office at its hands will fecl under an obligstion to 1it, and be subject to a sort of censorship which will have a restraining effect on them and keep them from following in the footateps of their predecessors. The time has evidently come when there must be a change in Hyde Park. We are accus- tomed to quote the Town of Lake as an ex- smple of an overtaxed community, but sta- tistics published in smother column show that Hyde Park 15 in a far worse plight than lher neighbor on the west. Her rate of tax- ation is higher, and her expenses greater. It is time for the Republicans of the town to take hold and insugurate a new era. Secretary Scaurz has earned the eternal good will and eyerlasting gratitude: of this city. Yesterdsy he announced his decision in the VALENTINE ferip case, in which he sets down with all his weight upon the Jand- sharks who for several years have been try- ing to rob the city, of & piece of property rth in the neighborkiood of one million. 0 the winds he scattered the pretentious ples that the - original dedication was an illegal act by the Secretary of War, and intimates that the continuous occupation of the property of the Lake Front as a public park is in itself suff- cient to give a title that the Interior Depart- ment cannot attack with any show of justice or equity. It is claimed that this decision will set at rest similar claims made by the holders of other pieces of this VALENTINE serip. Archbishop PurceLy’s disaster grows worse and worse, and each day’s discoveries add ‘more serious developments. From thou- sands, the lisbilities have mounted into the ‘millions,—one, two, three, four, six millions, and the bottom is not fouched yef. The claims of Cincinnetians only have so far been handed in, and there are'many outside of that cily yet to come. And against this horrible, cruel loss there are only $90,000 of assets! Where has the money gone? What have all these millions been spent for ? If churches have been built with the money, where are they ? If real estate has been purchased with it, where is it ? If it is in stocks, and bonds, n.‘ni mortgages, where are they ? There have disappeared 5,910,000, —ntterly gone out of sight. The Bishop could not eat it or drink it. He could not spend it day by day. We have not heard that he buried it or that he threw it into the Ohio River. It has been disposed of in some mysterious manner. How? If the Bishop does not hold it, who does? Hs has heretafore stood very high. Ho now owes it o his own reputation and to his Church to come ont and tell where this money, the savings of thousands of Catho- lics, has gone; otherwise a dreadful cloud st remein apon his official life. As was intimated o few days ago that he would, the President yesterdsy vetoed the Anti-Chinese bill, on the ground that it was an sbrogation of the fifth and sixth clauses ‘of the Bunrincase Treaty, the first probibit- "ing the enforced immigration of the Chineso to our shores, and the second according to them in this country the same liberties that are given to the subjects or citizens of the most favored nations. After expressing tho opinion that the two nations would undoubt- edly have amended the treaty by diplomatic means, the President informs Congress that, ‘while it has the power fo terminate a treaty, it hos not the power fo meke or modify. This privilege is vested in the President by snd with the consent of the Senate. Oaly once did Congress abrogate a ireaty,—that with France in 1796, because it was fre. quently violated by the latterPower. Should China assent to the proposed modification by Congress, it still wonld failto bo a com- petent exercise of authority under the Constitation. The veto is qnuite volo- minous and s fair example of Secretary Evazrts’ copiousness of languago and want of conciseneas. The foilure to pass the bill over the veto mcy prove a nstional calamity, a5 it will give the Democrats an exceedingly effective weapon with which to enter upon the next Presidential campaign. Only one thing can be done to prevent it, and that is a recrrangement of the treaty by the State Department and Cexy Lax Pry, the Chinese Minister. THE APPROACBING CITY ELECTION. The city election occurs in just one month from now, and, on the very eve of this event, the present Council abandons the economic reputation which it has earned during the past itwo years, by increasing the annual appropristions much in excess of actual necessities and in reckless disregard of the interests of the taxpayers. These two circumstances, thus conspicuously placed in justaposition, would seem to indicate an intention on the part of some of the Alder- men to seek re-clection by catering to local demands, and thus earningthe gratitude of certain persons of their particular wards at the expens: of the taxpayers as a whole. It may well be doubted whether this purpose, if it really exist, will be realized, for the tax. payers of Chicago have learned by experience that their only protection lies in acting together in the single effort to elect city officers and Aldermen who will pledge them- selyes to economy; and they will bo likely to prooeed upon this basis in this spring’s election. ‘We have already commented on the tend- ency to increase the general €Xpenses as shown by the votes on the various items in salaries, ete. But this tendency reached the climax in Fridsy's sessicn, when the recom. mendations of the Finance Committee were increased $300,060 in two items,—schaols and sewers. The Committee had reported £50,000 for new school-buildmngs, and this sum was increased to double that amount. The Committee hed reported $30,000 for the construction of sewers, which, along , with the unexpended balance available for that purpose (355,000 for 1876 and 1877, and 38,000 for 1878), would give $143,000 for sewer-building during the coming yesr; but the Council increased this year's appropriation to $250,000, which will make a fund of $343.000 for expendi- tares on sewer-construction during the com- ing yezr. It may be admitted that money honestly expended in the erection of school- houses and the construction of sewers is used more directly avd enduringly for the ‘benefit of the public than any other item in the public funds outside of the actnal necessary expenses of supporting the Police and Fire Departments; but this fact is not ajustification of the expenditare of miore 1oney than can be afforded in times lika the present, nor of the trading and log-rolling whereby stch excessive expenditufs is al- whys secured. e This disposition to enlarge the city ex- penses shiould serve as a warning to the tex- payers in all the wards to give their personal attention to the nomination and election of Alderinen this spring, for the advantages of securing an economical Council outweigh all other considerations in a municipal election. The retiring Aldermen this spring, enumer- ated ifi the order of their Wards, are ag fol- lows: ’ 1. Peamsoxs. 10. McNURKEY. 2. Bavral 11. Cook. 3. Carr. . SEATON. 4. GILDERT. . THOMPSOR. 5. TuLLY. Tyax. 6. Loposa. Niesex. 7. RIORDAN. SCHWEISTHAY, 8. OurveR. 17: JANSSENS. 8. BEIDLER. 18. Davv. ‘We are not informed how many gentlemen are candidates for re-election, or who amoxg them, swearing they will ne'er consent, are still ready and willing to run again. Among those who retire and voted for the huge ap- propriation for sewersare Lonpixag, Riorpax, McNurnzey, Cook, SEAToN, Troxmrsos, Ryay, NieseN, and Jaxssens. Dost of these named have been in favor, we believe, of pretty much every increase suggésted. There is reason to believe that the retiring Mayor, who is not a candidate for re-eléc- tion, and who bas steadfastly sustained the interests of the taxpayerssiuce he has beent in office, will coréct some of the excessive ap- propristions by veto; but the only safe plan for the taxpayers to pursue at the approach- ing election is to check tha returning spirit of cxtravagance by selecting men who sre themselves large taxpayers, and who will naturally set their faces against the squander- ing of other people’s moneys. Both parties ought to be governed by this purpose in making their nominations, and it should® finally determine the choice of taxpaying voters. i 5 THE *LAKE-FRONT" LAWSUIT. ¢ House Bill 420 ” represents a measure pending in the Dlinois Legielature which has either blackmail or outright swindle for its purpose. It is a bill introduced in the interest of the Cana! Commissioners, and is based upon a recent legal opiion to the effcct thet the title to' the park strip of land known as the * Lske Front,” in this city, is still vestedin said Oanal Commission- ers. It authorizes and directs these Com- ‘missioners ta commence and prosecute suits against every persor, public and private corporation, to secure areconveyance to tha State of any land which the State has grant- ed ip alleged violation of the trust upon which such land was originally ceded to the State. The Lake Frontis believed to be the only pieca of property for the recovery of which suit would be instituted. There gra two views to be taken about this bill. One is based upon a suggestion which comes from Springfield to the effect that the bill has been introduced at the instance of the Canal Commissioners to hold over the heads of the Cook County members tn terrorem, as & means for compelling them to vota for the bill appropziating $100,000 to the conal fund. “If that is the purpose of the-bill, it Is an unworthy and reprehensible purpose, and the Cook County members ought not to allow themselves to be in- fluenced byit. They shoujd wots for or ageinst the $100,000 sppropriation to the canal faad according to their own judg- ment 8s to the merits of such an appropria- tion, and without any reference whatever to thig fate of tho bill directed ngainst the Cit; of Chicago. If, on the other hand, it is the intention of the Canal Commissioners and their ogents in the Legislature fo con- tond in earnest for the passage of ‘“House Bill 420,” then that bill shoumld be exposed and denounced as a device for promoting litigation and putting money into the pockets of a certain clique of lawyers, without any expectation of public benefit from the measure. If it shall ever become & law, then onesot of attorneyswillbe employed by the Canal Commissioners (this set is al- rendy engaged, we presume), and another set by the City of Chicago. Both sets will be paid excessive fees during a long term of litigation, aud all fees will come out of pub- lic funds, contributed in part by State faxa- tion and in part by city taxation. Whatever the result of the proposed litigation might be, the taxpayers would be the only suffer- ers, and the lawyers the only beneficiaries. There is no justice whatever in the pre- tended claim set up by the Canal Commis- sloners to a repossession of the Lake-Front property. At the time when they were dis- posing of the property given to the State by the United States for the - benefit of the canal, they sold all they could sell fronting on the lake. They secured better prices for this class of lots by setting aside a thin strip to the east of Michigan avenue, to be forever an open view to tho lake. Since that -time the strip has been widened by the protection afforded it by the city and the Tilinois Cen- tral Railroad, aud by the filhing of the ba- sin with.dirt at the city’s expense. 'The Lake-Front Park, 8s 1t is now, represents an accretion from' the lake, and by expendi- tures made by the city, and the State has no claim upon it in equity or in law. This factisrendered the cleaver by the action taken Ly the State Legislature in 1869, when it formally released all claims that might still exist by euthorizing the city to dispose of that property. After original and repeated acts vesting the title of this propercy in the City of Chicago, and after acquiescing in the city’s possession thereof during a long term of years, it ‘is not likely that the Courts will consent to dispossess the city, and deprive it of benefits sccured by enormous city im- provementsin one way and acother. If it can bo imagined that the city can be dispossessed by process of law, then tha Courts would cer- tainly not rest the title in the State on ac- count of a violation of trnst, but in the United Btates as the original owner, and the United States Congress would quickly restore the Cityof Chicago to its IawFul possession. The passage of this bill, then, can have no other result than the expenditures of large sums of money for the benefit of the ** trades- union” of lawyers. Indeed. the very bill itself is based upon the paid opinion of one law-firm. Taking this practical view of the matter, we caunot believe that a majority of the Nlinois Legislature will consent to its Ppassage, no matter what influences or threats may be brouglht to bear in its favor. The Cincinnati newspapers acd distillers are mad at Tz ToIBuNs’s recent expose of the frouds perpetrated in the Paris of Amer- ica npon thoss who are reduced into purchas- ing ber whisky by the specions plea of a cheap market. In order to wriggle out, they clap their hands at the recent bresk-up of the Pekin ring. This sort of argument counts for nothing. Tme TrmoNE repests the charge that whisky frauds are.of not in- :frequent occurrence in Cmeinneti, snd have been' for years. The justice that is now being meted out to- Pekin after a lapse of neady - four years may yet overtaké Oincihmati. It would doubiless have done so long ago had it not been for the political protection that was dfforde@ her by the Ring that went out of power last yesr, and whose shadow is of sufficient density to afford a covering up: Whenever the Cincinnati distillers shall sell “tio-stamp " goods outside of their city, use &odperagé difftring nome from that of othier whisky points, and cease piatirig abotit the profit reslizéd from the sale of ‘‘hot” spirits, then, and not till then, will the distilling interest elsewhers beliove that: their actions &veply balance their pretensions. # HOSPITAL ABUSES, Beveral recent occurrences should direct the special sttention of the County Board to the management of the County Hospital. Yesterday the lifeless body of a Woinan was found, who bad dropped dead after being turned awey from the doors of the Hospital on the ground that she was not ill or ailivg. ‘The case, according to all accounts, was one of the class for which the County Hospital is maintained at large public expense. The family'to which ‘the woman belonged was poverty-strickon, Her husband, a victim of consumption, had becn taken o few days be- fore to the Alexian Brothers' Hospital. Her child had been taken to its grandmother, be- cause the mother was not able to care for it. Then the motheér herself showed’ signs of mental failing and bodily ailment, and nei- thek she nor her, friends had the means to provide proper medical attendance and care, and she went to the County Hospital only to be turned away to dieasno humsn being ought to bs permitted to die in a civilized community. A couple of weeks 8go an account was printed of the brutal treatment of a young man pamed FEamuNg, who died in the County Hospital from injuries which he re- ceived from an elevator accident. The acoi- dent occurred on Saturday, and the vietim was taken to the Hospital at once. The next day at 10 o’clock one of his friends called to see him, and found that his face and body had not been washed off, and that he Iay there in the same surroundings of blood and dirt as when first picked up from his fatal fall. On Mondsy morning another friend called at 7 o'clock, was 1nformed that Ex- Brve had died during the night, and so re- ported to the unfortunate young man’s friends. Subsequently it transpired that he had not died during the night, and did not die till 10 o'clock Mondsy morning ; but this false report (which was duly entered on the Hospital book) deprived his friends of being ot his side in his dying moments. Finally, when asked what the young man had said as death approached, the deceased’s friends were informed grufily that the Hospital au- thorities were not in the habit of asking pa- tients their dying wishes, unless perticularly instructed to do so! If these cases have been correctly report- ed, they are enough to prove that the people in charge of the Qoanty Hospital are simply Dbrutes,—either hardencd by long contact with suffering, or naturally callous and in- different to it; in either case they should be removed as unfit for the charge confided to them. The people pay liberally enough for the support of this institution to warrant them in exacting efficient medical sttendance and the best of care for thé unfortunates who are taken there. ‘It is time that the County Board, upon whom the responsibility really ‘rests, should institute a sweeping reform. - Probably the citizens would make en inyesti- gation for themselves, if it were not for the experienco of soms ladies who once sought to expose the abuses of the Hospital manage- ment, and were insulted and maligned for their pains. The present County Board, which is thought to be made up of different material, ought to take prompt measures at reforming the menagement of the institution. ] IS CONSCIENCE PRIMITIVE?}" Mr. Warerve Wimkmssoy has contributed a paper to the Popular Science Alonthly, dis- cussing the question *Is Conscience Prim- itive ?” which will perhaps create con- siderable interest in the theological world, and may provoke some sharp comment, The substance of the paper is, therefore, worth stating, more particularly for the remarkable examples and illustrations he cites to prove his side of thevquestion. Mr. WiLEINsoN assumes for his premise that conscience is.not innate, and that it is not, in the Iangusge of theology, a separate and distinct faculty of the mind, congenital both by birth gnd Divine right, but a fac- ulty born of the other facnlties, and edu- cated to its fanctions. To justify the theo- logical definition of & conscience he claims thet it ought to be " infallible, and must be universal,—that is, it should be in every man, and exercise its functions everywhere, That it does not do this, he claims, is shown, not in isolated instances, but in the cases of whole races of men. His illustrations in support of this proposition, namely: that there are found * whole tribes of people who not only lack all evidence of a con- science, bub whose language has no words to express moral distinctions or ideas of right or wrong,"” cover a broad area, and we select from among them the following as the most conspicaons : , *‘GaLeraiTa says that among the Sioux theft, arson, rape, and marder are regarded as means of odistinction. In Tahiti, while idolatry prevailed, the common animal instinct of maternal affection seemed lacking, so much 6o that r. EiLis, long resident there, says' he mever met a Tahitian maother who had not imbraed her hands i the blood of her offepring. 1t i3 not necessury to show that thesc crimes were ever considered right. 1t suffices that they were committed witHdut remorse, with- out a feeling of wrong-doiug. They are not in- stances of perverted comscience. but of no con- ecieuce, and the concurrent testimony of travelers is that the lower races have no moral sense. Mr. DovE says that the Tasmanlans ‘are entirely with- ont moral vicwa’ or impressions. Gov. Evns says the Australians hiave no moral sense of what is Just and equitable in the abstract, their only test of propriety being whether they are numerically or physically strong enough to brave the vengeance of those whom they may bave provoked or injured. *Conscience,” says Burtos, ‘does not exist in Eanstern Africa, and *‘repentance”” means regret for missed opportunities of mortal crime.” Mr. Caxr- BELL Observes that the Soors, an aboriginal tribe of Indis, are withont “moral sense. Language isa pretty good measure of mental development, yet the dualects of inferior tribes are gencrally deficient in terms expressivo of moral quallty. Remorac is abiolutely unknown, snd LUBBOCK says the oniy instance of & man belonging t& one of the lower races trying (o account for an act & the casc of a young Fecjeean, who, when osked why he had Killed his mother (in law?), answered, *Because it was right."" . The most remarksble of Blr. WiziNsox's illustrations, however, are drawn from the experiences of deaf mutes, who, he claims, are frec from the influences of culiure, are separated by an impenetrable barrier from the rest of mankind, and are primitive in their ethical notions. He finds that they are animal in their instincts and their enjoy- ments; that they will stesl and hide the thing stolen like the dog; that they appre- ciate kindness and resent injury like the ani- any rémioras or any ider that they have com- mitted wrong. He confénds that the nnedd- cated denf mute never rises to the conception of o Gop or First Great Canse. “If herea- sons ¢ all on the subject, he concludes things have always been as they are, or; as one ex- pressed it, ¢ It was natiial to be so.” Hohas no idea of o lifo beyond the grave, nor of future rewards and punishments. Themiére intelligent will work out philosophies not of creation but of physical phenomens, some- timés strangely like thie mythologies of the anoierts.” Mr. WrzEmssox’s assertions are very broad- ly made, aud will trike the general reader with surprise; but hs goes even furthet, and asserts that mutos have no knowledge of eth- ical distinctions, and quotes the following anthorities in proof **Abbe SicARD éays of the deaf mute: ‘Asto morals, he does not euspect their existence. The moral world, bss no being for him, and virtues and vices are without reality.’ ‘The deafand dumb,’ eays Herr Escuie, of Berlin, an eminent teach- er, ‘live only for themselves, They acknowledgo no soclal bond; they have no motion of virtue. Whatever they may do, e ¢an impate their con- duct io them neitner for good nor for evil,! Herr C£34R, of Lelpsic, corroborates this testimony. *The déaf and damb,’ eays he, ‘comprehend neither 1ow nor duty, neither justice nor injustice, meither good nor evil; virtne 2nd vice are to them as if they were not.’ " Thesa statements as to uneducated deaf mutes are very sweeping, and 1t is difficult to see how they can be made susceptible of proof, since it is probably impossible to find one 50 primitive that he is not influenced by associptions with other human beings. The deaf mute, especially in these latter days of improvements in sign-language, is by no means, what Mr. Wioxinsox calls him, “a prehistoric ‘man standing bewildered in the blaze of the nineteenth century,” but, on the other hond, is constantly under the in- fluences of education, culturs, and associs- tion, and from the sbsolute rarity of crime among them as a class must possess a conscience which is as quick and cor- rect in its docisions as in the case of human beings endowed with all their nataral faculties. The reader will hardly lny much stress, therefore, upon the case of the absence of conscience in the primitive man, simply becauss it is impossible to get at the primitive man. Wherever a man is found, from one pole to the other, he is the ‘“heir of all the ages,” and he reflects the influ- ences of his surroundings, and all attempts to get at him by seclusion from his kind have proved either sbortive or else so crnel that humanity would not tolerate the experi- ment. The illustration drawn from races of men showing no evidences of conscience or knowledge of moral distinclions is much stronger, and is worthy of investigation by those who have traveled among the lower races and have studied them. Abstractly, es affecting theology, the question is not a vital one, as it does not affect the foundations of religion ar the responsibilities of the indi- vidual. e THE “EID'S8" STORY. No publications p rofessicg to be the con fessions of criminnls, experiences of detect- ives, or romance of crime yet published have ever exceeded in intensity of incident and graphic description the story told by Freemax on Thursday Jgst, from the original suggestion of the burglary of JLEFEmAY'S store to the tragic shooting of Officer Race. It for exceeded in thrilling interest any- thing in the way of fiction, anything in Droxexs’, and its impressive charac- ter was due fo the evidont truth which marked every sentence of the narrative. No one who heard or who hes read the state- ment can sheke off the irresistible conclu- sion that this person, who has been a thief during the most of his life, the inmate of prisons, and {he accomplica in scores of -burglaries, told the story of his last crime with all the earnestness of truth. For the first time in all his ripe criminal experience was he brought face to face with blood, with the wanton murder of a human being, as part of the un. dertaking in which be was engaged, and the new experience seems to have taken posses- sion of his mind with a solemnity to which he has hitherto been a total stranger. Freeax is only about 23 years of age, the greater part of his life having been spent as an. active thief and accomplice of thieves, or in prison as a convict. From his diminative size he has been known as the Kid, and he 'was used. by burglars, as Orxver Twist was, in emergencies whera a smail-sized person wag more available than a Iarge one. In September last, as he reldtes, he made the sequaintance of the pawnbroker FrrEppeso, who proposed to him the job of burglary, FrizppEre to rsceive the goods. He introduced other ‘*good and reliable thieves, who would'not give him away” to' Frrpszne ab the latter's solicitation. The result was the planning by Frieopere of the burglary of silks from JAFFRAY's store, FRiEpBERG to pay 85 cents ayard ‘““all through ™ for the goods. FrEEe- AN and his accomplices exemined the build- ing, and took note of the entrances, openings, and exits, and of the hours of thosa engaged in the store. * On the 3d of October FrEEMAN met Laam at Corcoray's saloon, with Gnir- rix and Dumeszy, by appointment. Fora gang of professionals they seem to have been at the time & most impecunious lot. Free- arax had something over a dollar, out of which he paid 50 cents for drinks, and gave 50 cents to Lass to get something to eat. Leaving the saloon they proceeded to the open street, and there discussed the plans for the burg- lary to take place the next mght. Two other thieves who had been privy to the proposed job had been arrested ‘that morn- ing, and part of the discussion wes whether these men,. absent without any feult on their part, should be entitled to a share of the expected swag. A wagon and horse wero essential to'the job, as the goods were to be conveyed from the store to the *fence,” and the plan to get a horse and wagon Wwas ingenious enough to have done credit to & more respectable un- dertoking. On the morning of Oct. 4 all hands met at Orz's saloon; at noon Fezeaax and one other.went to the fence”; there they were farnished with a navy revolver by Frreosenc, which they carried to a gun-shop and had loaded. They went thence to the house of an expressman, whom they engaged to bring his wagon to the neighborhood of Or7’s saloon, between 5 and 6 o'clock, to haul a trunk. Promptly on tims the wagon was driven up, and when the driver entered the saloon Fremxax went‘out by snother door, mounted the seat, and drove the norse to the South Side, where it was kept until needed to haul the goods. On the way another revolver was secured. The. gang, which now included Fremwaw, Luaws, Dur- pHEEY, Dmiscorn, Desws, and Grorm, were all in the neighborhood, and bad been watching the store until- the clerks had oll gone. Finally they de- -cided that Deswis and DurpEEY should mal; thet they have certain ideas concerning the rights of possession, and will commit murder in defense-of those rights._without enter the building by lifting out the -grating to the basement window, and the others re. mained in the vicinity: keeping - guard,— Liaare being provided with the navy revolver farnished by this ‘fence.” The two med in the store were so long withont giving a sigrinl that at last Frerstax was dfopped down the hole to search for them. His visit nearly cost him his life at the hands of the surprised burglars. Thé description of the work inside was graphi¢; Diiring the whole time thay were there the private watchman on the outside made his regulnr visits to the door, and, finding it locked, went away again; those inside fcéing him distmetly each time, and those outsido loitering around watching him and getting drinks in neighboring saloons. The thieves inside had given the signal that they were ready t6 come ont, but those outside had failed to see it. Finally they went ont, had the wagon brought to the back door, all helped to load up the | silks in a hurry, and then they drove by a circuitons route to State street. It was than half-past 9 o’clock. Frerwix left the wagon and went to FRIEpBERG'S, notified him the goods wers at hind, and was told to drive up to the front door, he asking if the burglars had “guns.” When the ““fence” was reached the two men on the wagon each took & bundle of goods and carried it into the store. More goods were brotght in. DexNis got 8 valise from FrIepBERG, and was in the wagon fillingit with handkerchiefs, and FREEMAN was going to the wagon withanother, when he saw what he supposed wasan officer, and FREEMAN sneaked away. The officer went towards the wagon. Liws and Dureney, who had been in a doorway, appeared and walked towards the wagon. FaEmxaN was then crossing the street and heard a shot. During the Jjourney from the scene of the burglary io the “fence,” Faeemay asserts that Tuaafs car- ried thé navy revolver; snd the ball with which the officer was killed was one of larger calibre (42) than is carried by ordinary pistols. We are not discussing the question of Luns's guilt, nor whother it was proven that he did the actual shooting. We ara directing attention to the pitiable, degraded, besotted life of professional criminals. Al these men were life-long thieves. Laxs added intem- perance to hiscrimes. Faemuxwas weakin body and in mind, and generally worked asan assistant and under the control of a stronger mind than-his own. His picture of this conspiracy to rob, ending in the murder of the officer, his own immediate and instinctive aversion for Liaxms, to whom hehad always previously been subordinate, and of Luams’s evident despair and sense of abandon- ment by his associates, though not the work of an educated or over-intelligent man, is nevertheless a powerful and instructive one. The changes from plenty of money to abject want; from freedom to imprisonment and to severe treatment in prison; from the hope of rich reward from thefts to the attempt to hide from pursuing justice, are told asa mere matter-of-fact experience, and not from any purpose to be sensational or senti- mental. Except in the instinctive desire to get away from Laxs, after fhe murder, there is not a trace of sentiment or feeling in the whole narrative of Fremxtax. Itis a color- less, direct, naked statement of fact, unem- ‘bellished in any particular, but none the less graphicbecause realistic, none the less intense because lacking in sentiment. It is a recital that onits face negatives the suspicion of fancy or imagination. There is nothing in the bald recital to excite sympathy for the participants ; nothing to inspire admiration ; there was no evidence of courage, manliness, or any relic of moral feeling; there was nothing to captivate the mmagination, or lead even the most boyish ambition to wish to be one of tho craft, It was the plain, straightforward history of & conspiracy to burglarize and steal for the sake of geiting money to spend in drink, and idleness, and crime. It showssix young, able-bodied men without a thought higher than vulgar theft, and a pawnbroksr, older in years, more in- famous than' his hirelings, a man above want, surrounded by a family, yet so intent on gain that to secure it he counseled rob- bery, theft, and, if necessary, murder. STOP TREATING. Since it is impossible to stop a man from drinking intoxicating liquor by compulsory legislation, it would seem to be the part of prudence and good sense to mitigate its ovils in a less stringent way. It is owing to the pura viciousness of human natare that the average man when ordered to stop drinking will he, nill he, drinks twice as much as ever to show that he is superior ‘to surround- ings. The original Adam always comes to the surface whem he is approached with a command enforeed by a club, espe- cially if it be in a sumptuary matter, that he fancies does not concern the rest of the com- munity. There are other methods which mighi be relied upon to reduce the smount of liquor consumed and money thrown away upon it, and one of these is the abolition of that peculiarly sbsurd Amorican habit of “trenting.” It is ‘s practice followed only by the Americans and Irish to auy conm- sidercble estent, though -the English and Scotch indulge rore or less in it. Upon tha Continent it is almost unknown. In Ger- many, Italy, France, and Spain it would be considered an insult, which it reallyis; and etit is universel in this country, from the lowest doggery up to the gilded saloon of the most aristocratic hotel. - Iis evils may be familiarly illustrated. A workingman returning from his day’s labor stops into a saloon to get a drink. If thissilly trenting practice did not exist, he would gethis glass, pay his dime for it, and go home sober. He meets five or ten of his acquaintances, To be in the fashion, and not to be considered mean, he invites the crowd to join him, and orders drinksfor the Iot. A half.day’s wages, perhaps, areimmediately squandered. Instead of paying out a dime, he has thrown away a dollar, To guit ucder such circumstances is impossible. He must get tha worth of his money back in liquor, not perticnlarly with the intention of getting drunk, but because if he has but one drink he has wasted his money. No 2 orders drinks for the crowd, and he also squanders a dollar, and goes throughl the same mental experiences. By the time No. 5hashad his order honored, the tongues of the whole ten are loosened, sud they begin to grow noisy. Long before No. 10 has a chance to order in his turn, the excitable crowd is'in a wrangle over some silly thing, usually a boast who can do the most work, or jump the farthest, or lift the heaviest weight, and, presto! glasses are 1lying and chairs whirling in the air, and the whole pack, with black eyes and cracked crowns, are perhaps escorted to the station- house, and the next morning ara heavily finod » and by reason of this absurd practice proba- bly esch of them loses a fall week's woges. Had any one of them gone into the saloon, and obtained his drink, and gone off without waiting for n crowd to gather, so that thera might be a round of treating, he woyud have got away without any consider- able expense or damage. As it i3, each one Las squandered-his money, ayused himself, and injured his family. The evil is not confined to Isborers. A commercial aveler artivesin o city at nighy. fall, and puts up ot a fashionable hotel. Tireg and gleepy, he goes dowi {6 the bar to take 5 nightcap.” Raifier than drink alom, j; invites the artist behind the counter to joj, him, and the artist, not to_be outdcne in courtesy, returns the compliment., By this time some of the friends of the artist comg in. There are matual introductions, and the traveler informs his new acquaintances that he was just ordering something. and wonlg esteom it a personal favor if they woulg only join in. - As a rule, o 6ne of the inug. merable caravan that proceeds to the pay, realms of n salvon ever has sufficient moral conrags to decline siich an invitation, the there have been some modest souls who have ‘been known to resort to such subterfuges g3 reltzer or lemonade; owing to the difidencs they felt upon slight acquaintance, bt who, before the evening wore away, wera 55 fl:nr: oughly acquainted with the traveler, “ anq his sisters, and his cousins, and his aunts” that they would Iuxuriaste even in cham,. pegne at his expense. Now, if the traveler had gone and put on his “ night-cap” alone, | he would have 1aid out fifteen cents nnd slept the sleep of the tired; on the contrary, ks spends a dollar on drinks, is involyeq to the amount of several more through the cubic agencies of poker-dice, goes to beq drunk, and gets up the next morning' gug of pocket and unfitted for business. This is the aniversal operation of 54 pra. tice of treating. In the ethics of drinking there is nothing to prevent a person from asking his friend to join him, but the injary lies in the compulsion. It.does not argye generosity, or good-heartedness, or courtesy, ‘but simply regard for a bad form that 1s bing- ing on all drinkers, from the gilded youth of themetropolis down to the bunko.steerer and ordinary saloon-bummer. - There are very few people who would not restriet themselveg - within the limits of decency and moderation in drinking if they had moral courags to free themselves from the shackley of this senseless practice. It is a form which is sbominable in its every aspeet, It involves the squandering of mill. ions of dollars which otherwise would not bs thrown away. It isthe first step of every man towards immoderate drinking. It is themost universal cause of drunkenness. The countries where treating is unknown are sober coun. tries; those mn which it 1s practiced are drunken countries. It is intrinsically an in. sult, as it places the treated under obligation to the treater from which he cannot escape without being considered mean. It is ab. surd,—for, why, because A wishes a glasa of liquor to gratify his fhirst, should he insist upon quenching tha thirst of all the other letters in the alphabet who may happen tobe standing around ? And after A hessatisfied his thirst, why should all the other letters in the alphabet keep on filling A .up to the brim? If a man must drink, let him drink for him. self, not for eight or ten other people. When each man does his own drinking, and’ pays for his own drinking, the temperance causs will make greater headway. The first step isto stop treating, and the next, to drop- drinking, will be easier taken. There was a subsidy Waterloo fought in the House of Representatives yesterday, and ascore or less of these and kindred bills ‘were put to rout in quick succession. First, it was made pretty certain that the Brazil ian mail scheme would fail to carry, and the RoscE ‘men have gbout’ given wup“al hope of forcing it through. Then the Sugar bill, after exciting an angry debais in which considerable bad blood .was shown, was annibilated; then the North- ern Pacific bill; and after these such measures as the RoBesoN impeachment and the Patent-Law bill were knocked in tha head. The Southern Democracy, aided by their Northern brethren, falling back upon the convenient principle of State Rights, re- fused to pass the Yellow-Fever bill. Fresh from the saction just raveged by this fell epidemic, and with the horrors of the plegus still befors their eyes, and knowing its possi- bility of reoccurrence at an early day, thess infatuated Democrats, filled with State Rights and brimming over with personal jealousies, placed their stamp of hostility to the meas- ure, and, with the subsidies and other bills, 1t went ““into the bag.” The short life of Wasmixgrox IrviNG, by Prof. J. D. HiLL, gives a curious example of the rhythmical flow of the former’s prose. The passage is taken from “ The History of New York,” without the alteration of a word. ‘“As here printed,” says Prof. HiLy, i appearsin iambic pentameter verse, with no ssllable that could not be defended by a parallel from the epic poets.” - The passage is as follows: The gallant warrior starts from soft rcpose, From goiden vistons and voluptuous eass, = Where, in the dnlcct - piping time of peace, He sougnt sweet solace after all his toils. No wmare in beaaty’s stren lap reclined Tl weaves fair zarlands for his Iady's beows, No more intwines wizh flowers his shiniag sword, Nor throagn the livelong lazy summer's day Chants forth his love-gick sonl 1n madrizals. To manhood foosed, he spurns.the amorous flate;. Doila from his brawny back the robe of peace,. And clothes his pampered limbs in pacoply of steel. O'er bis dark brow, where late the myrtle waved, Where wanton roses breathed enervate love. He rears the beaming casque and nodding plartes, Grasps the bright shield, and shakes toe pon ous lance; ' Or monnts with eager pride his fery steed, And burns for deeds of glorions chivalry. Similar experiments have been made With some of DICKENS' prose, particularly with bis account of the death of Little Nell, and some of Prot. SWIxG’s cloquent flights might bé tarned into metrical form almost s easily; but wedo not recall in any other author as pertect a speck men of poetical prose us that given above. ———— * Complaint is often made by persons supposed to be immediately concerned of the printing of “socfety mews” in the daily press. Someol these complaints are no doabt sincere, but 8 great many of them are sheer affectation. If all the facts could be told, it would be shown that many of these who publicly protest londly against the practice secreily encourage it, patk by reading the society news more eagerly than any other, and by furnishing information to the reporters. Flagrant cases of this kind have Iately come to our attention; and, were it Dot that innocent persons woald be 13- volved by a full statement of the facts, we should make some interestisg disclosures. Tas TRIBUNE ackuowledzes the right of people to hiave thelr private affuirs kepe out of the public press; and any -equest for the suppression of items of this desription Prop- erly made is always regarded. But g0 long 28 there is a demand for news of this descripios, and it does mobody any harm, but gratifes many fnnocent desires of the human beart, tbers seems to be no reasonable objection to printing it. 1t is only fair, morcover, that, 28 everybody has the right to read or not read, and to cont tribute or not contribute, to this dex_ntlmtbfi the affectation of displeasure toward it shonld cease. ———— . A new kind of personal jouroaiism is gettiog afoothold in this counry. We have had pes sonalities directed from within outward; DO¥ e are to bave them turned the otber way: JIf- J. W. FORNEY'S new paper Progress, lately "E tablished in Philadelphis, is a good specime 0 the new kind of journal. [t is made up sfter the model of the London Furid, Truth, Moufef and a host of similar publications. The distia~ guishing feature of each of these journals is the department of chat, zossip, comment, or reflec tion, in which the first personal pronoast »