Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 28, 1879, Page 4

' TERMS Or BUBSCRIPTION. TY MAIL~—IN ADVARCE—TOSTAGE rnl;Am. n Rt 1$.00 ctmen conles sent free. 4 ‘,‘,‘,‘3. rost-Omce sddress in fall, tneludiug State and County. fiemittances may ba mado either by dratt, express, Post-UMeo order, or in reglatered Jetier, at vur riak, TERMS TO CITY RURSCRIDENS, Datly, delivered, Bunday excepted, 33 conta per week, Iinlly, delivered, Bunday Inchided, 30 conta per weel, Addresy THE TRIBUN Corner Madison and Dearborn: Chteago, 1. Orders for the deltvery of Tiee Tri At Evaneton, Englawood, and itydo Park left fo the counting-room ‘will recelva prompt attention. {CIl OFIICES. TRIBU: Tum Cntcano Tatnuxe has catabitahed branch ofiices for the rcefpt of subscriptions and sdvertlsoments sy 8 -“;ilg‘\'\rx\'uux—nmmn Tribune Dullding. P, T. Mo FaDDEN, Mansger, PARIS, France~No. 10 Rue do 1a Grango-Datellere, o, Massen, Agent. LONDON, Eng.~Ameorican Exchange, 449 Strand, Hxxar F. Giut10, Agent. BAN FRRANCISCO, Cal. WMoVicker's Theatre. Madison etreet, between Dearborn and fitate, Ene grgement of Rice's Surprise Party, *!Noblason Cru- oe." Tiaverly’'s Thentre. ‘Dearborn street, corier of Monros, of the New York Standard Theatrs Company, most s Life.” Engagsment WAl Honley'n Thantre, Randolph streer, beiween Clark and LaSalle. Ene wagement of J, K. Emmet, ** Fritz." Fiamlin’s Thentre, Clark street, opposite the Court-Tiouse, cant Pastor.” Varloty eatertalnment. *‘Opr Inno« DMetropolltnn Thentre. CIATk btreot, opposlto Bherman Howse, ** The Falls of Clarah,” Academy of Musle. Tialsted strect. between Aadison and Monroe, ety entertalnment. N Plymauth Church, Blchigan ayenue, between Twenty-ffth and Twenty alxth streots. Lecture by Prof. O'Nelll on **Sclonce Art, Literature,'and Travel,” with tilustrations. Va- Firat Reglmont Armory, Jackson strect, between Wabash and Michigan ave- Bbues. Exhibition of Paintings. SOCIETY MEETINGS, WAUBANSIA LODGE, NO, 100, A. 7. & A, Ticgular Communication this (Fridayy port venfog if, No, 76 Monroo-st. Business of wpe a Snceof membors s earneatly, rouncalnd, o ial J nnco I tg come before thi Lode, full attend, the W, 3, WELL, Secretary. 1y order o ORIENTAL LODGE, No. 3, A, F. and A, M.—Tnl) 10 Labaniorite Rl coimna1zatan th (FriiAs) e 1y order of the A e i4 ¥ E. N.’TUUKB“. Secretary. WABIINGTON CHAPTER, NO. 43, W. A, M.— Bpecial Convocation thia (FridRy)avering at 7330 6'clock AR e e AR o R or y i 1 SO ADIOnS € AL 1 SYIIGITT, Secean FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1879, The question of Germnn in the publio achools has been roferred for oxamination to a Speolal Committeo of the Board of Edu- cation, A further moderation of temporature in this region may be looked for, but it will be o sort of moderate moderation, aud no cases of sunsiroke need bo feared, The onemies of the Administration in tho Benato yosterday gained o viclory in seenr~ ing tho rofoction of two of the President’s nominations, Mr. Coxkrnrya and Mr. Hasuy being the stalwarts who organized the oppo- sition. 'The 8t, Louis Postustership, how- ovor, was sottled in accordanen with the Presidont’s desiro, and 80 were & largs batch of other nominations. Grorar F.—S;v_u!m. Minister to OChina, is to bo brought to-doy Lefore the bar of the . Touso for contompt in refusiug to produce the books aud racords of his office to aid in the juvestigation of the charges ngainst his intogrity, and in also refusivg to ba sworn o8 witness, ‘The vote ob the proposition to bring BewArp to an account for his ree- usancy was o striot party division, tho Ite- publicans epposing the motion. Bponkor Ranpary, yesterday took notice of tho chargos against him relativo to Jus intor- est in a bank-noto papor coutract and to the approprintion of warrants issued to the Bureau of Enyraving aod Printing, making o vory brood aud distinet denial of the alle- gations, aud asking a committes of investi- gation, which was granted, althongh several Ropublican members charactorized tho mat- ter as uuworthy of serious considuration, Two yonrs ago tho Leglslature made it illogal for any porson to hold the offee of City Troasurer coutinnously for more than one torm of two years., The Stato Senato haa now passed a bill applying the sama rula to Qounty Trensurors. ‘Ilie rule Is n wise onej; it provides for a settlomont of accounts and counting the monoy at tho close of each term, ‘The same law might bo extended to tho office of Bheriff. Ouo good effuct of thislaw is to take from theso officers the temptation to uso tho funds and their patron. 8ge to seoura re-slections, Tho suggestion most entitled {o foith and trial In the treatmont of disensod cattle, both as a preventive aud as a remody, is the fren use of carbollo acid, sprinkled nbout (he barns and yards, aud given in the water drauk by tho cattle in proportions of one part of pure acld with thrioo its wolght of &al soda to 1,000 parta of water. T'bis trent- ment, accordivg to authontie accouuts, is no longer experimontal, but was effectively used in Englaud aud also m this country twenty yenrs ngo. ‘Fhis ovidonco {s Lorno ent by the well-kuown ¢fllolenvy of carbolid acid ns & dlsinfeotant in all disouses of on epidomio or epizootis charnotor, ‘This romedy and provontjve is abuudant and chieap, aud every farmor and desler who Las property iu cattle should avail himselt of its use, ‘The report of tho Bonats Committee ap- pointed under Mr. Brawe's yosolution to tako toustimony rogsrding frauds sud out. rages perpotratod fu conncolion wilh the Congrassional cleotious of 1878 was yestor- dsy submitted, with the requost thatthe Comumytion bo authorized to resumo its la. bors during tho recoss. ‘The report roviews the testimony of 198 witnessos in Louistavn aud Bouth Oaroling, aud shows how the white Demoorats of those States have de. nled the colored people the free cxercise of - political rights, resortig to violence when. over it suited their purposes, elther in the breaking up of Ropublican 1ncetings, the intimidation of Republican votors, pr thoe puuishinout of witnosses who biad the | temerity to appear in the courts and testify concerning the atrocities visited upon thew, It is a forcible presentmont of the condition of things in those portions of thie Bouth whero the Democratic minoritios have suc. ccodod in domonstrating ‘Mr. Tnunaan's theory of tho superiority of wenlth and in- telliganca over povorty and ignoranco, Two oxprossions dinmatrienlly opposite in charactor relativo to the Ohineso question will be brought to tho notice of the Presi- dent to.day,—one from the morchants and business mon of Now York, tho other from tho morchants aud businoss men of San Francisco. The New York Cbamber of Commorge, without n thought of tho practioal bearings of the quostion, and with no experionco to aid in the formntion of a correol judgment, urges tho President to interposo his voto; while the mereantilo classes of Snn Francisco, nt a meoting cnlled at tho request of the Obamber of Commerce, unite in a most enrnest nppoal that the bill restrioting immigration that they have found to bo o ourso recoivo the siguatuve of tho Prosidont and becoms a law, Tho San Trancisco meoting was of ilself an answor to the New York rosolutions, showing that the oxclusion of furthor arrivala from Chinn is not alone demanded by !* the lawless spirit of a singlo Stadn,” but is the hope nnd desire of (ho best ar®f most law-abiding element of population on the Pacifio slope Bcarcoly of losa interest than tha prooeed- ings in conneotion with the mentencing of Angrnt wera thosoin tho Oriminal Court yesterdny in the trinl of Jonn Lamp for tho murder of Policeman Racr on tho night of Oct. 4,1878, Tho testimony of FREEMAN, alias * Bheoney Geonae,” who has turned Btate’s evidonco on Laws, is & remarkable doseription of the trndo of professional burglary, and will bo rond with intorest overywhora a8 o fnithfal and acourato account in detail of the manner in which the more skillful snd daring of the fraternity of cracksmon plan and oxecuto their work, It also supplies tho missing link in tho chain of proof ns to the Identity of the man who killed Officor Racx. Tho fact that Frerxax is not willing to swonr positivoly to Laun ns the murderer rothor strengthens than wenkons the case for the prosccution, Bsince it showa *‘the Sheeney "in tho light of a *squealor™ who is not willing to furnish testimony to suit tho emergency. His evidenes, however, seaws to point irvesistibly to the conclusion that Lawms fired the shot, or at the vory lenst was ncoessory to tho murder, since ho was ono of the gang of burglars who were ougnged in the commission of the crime leading up to the murder. — e Itis nmattor for publio congratulation, nod clearly in the interests of commercial morality, that justice hns beon ndministered promptly and fittingly in the case of Omanues W. Anorwy, lato Secrotary of the Pullman Palnco Car Company. Ho has received tho oxtreme ponalty of the law provided for lar- ceny. nauely, ten yoars in the Ponitentiary. Conaldering the amount which he appropri- sted by embozzloment aswell ns by nctual theft,—§125,000 in bonds and cash,—the high position which he oceupied in socloty, nnd the unlimited confidence reposed in him by the Company of which he had been See- rotary so many years, the punishment is not o whit too severe, and, whatover his motives may have beey, it is o mattor for congratula- tion that his avoidance of the lawyers and his dotermination to plond guilty left no ob- ntncle in the way of the complete operation of the law. Tu the midst of so many similar instonces of commerciul dishonor and fla- grant breachos of trust, it is cheering to record that in one prominent instance justico has bean administored and a ponnlty somewhat ndequate to tho enormity of tho offense will have to bo suffored, Tt will tend to mako businoss-mon feel more socure, and tha slow but sure way in which justios over- took tho offender, though he adopted overy precaution of gatoly, will ba a waming to other young men who may bo tempted to offset private dissipations or scourea com- potence without labor by theft, Tho ond of Mr. Anoery's career is logical aud satisface tory. o have acknowledged his guilt and naceopted his punishment without complaint is tho only gratifying feature of iy dishonor- able trausactions, and displays o degreo of moral courage or a sonsibilily of conscience which ought to be, but wo fear never will be, imitatod by others who are guilty in tho #namo ronnner as himsoelf, and are now fugi- tivea from justice, seoking to enjoy the fruits of thoft. THE nmzhiz LAW IN THE LE'G!SLATIIJEE. It hegius to Jook ag if the General Assem- bly will not accomplish much, or porbaps nothing, this sossion to remedy the dofects of tho Rovenuo law. Wo aro led to this opinion by the ntroduction of a Lill hy Representalive Marrnzws which proposes swuopiug and radical changes which ought only to bo mudo in cade of a genornl rovision of the wholo rovonue cods, Weo do not un. derstand that the Logislature has elther the timo or tho inclination to ongngoe in such n work, and houco, if this Marruews bill bo pressed, it will rosult probably in defenting soveral much-uoeded bills which corroct ncknowlodged and costly evils nud abuses, ‘Whon Mr. Marrurws.obpudous that which is practicnl In the search for that which can only bo theorotieal, we have little hopo that there will bo oy really scrvicoabla leglalu. tion on tho subject. i ‘I'he now Marrarws bil provides for the valuation of personal property, oredits, au- nuitios, and royaltics at a onsh valuaj enpital stock is to bo valued nt cash valuo by the Btate Board, Lists of personnl property nud valuvs are to be sworn to; rallroad tracks aro tobo listed in ench town ; aud telegraph com- poules are to make full roparts, iu order that they may bo taxed on enpital stock, ete, All this is substautially provided by exiting Inw, but the new Lill possibly attompts to reach the fmpossible by adding to the number nod the stringonuy of oaths, sud the tnquisitorial churactor of the rauk injustice of dunble tax- ation of the suma property, Bix years of ox- porienoo hins demoustrated thaf it is Impousi. blo to onforco wome of the provisfons to which thia bill uudortakes to add new and wmore searching vigov, Aupart of un eptirely now Roveuue law, this bill would pregont principles of taxation that ought to ba studied and discnssed thor- oughly ; but the fuct remains that the exist: ing law embodios now tho main foatures of this bill, ond if these featuros aro not well oxecuted it is bocauso they are inconsist ent with every principle of justlco and fahr denling, The present law providea that all proporty, —real, personal, und mixed, capital stock aand the taugiblo property ou whick it fs based, mortgages, and thy lauds, lots, asd improvemonts whivk support the mortgagts, notes, aud the horses, cattlo, aud furniture on which thoy ure sucured, und also the money or othor oYects lonnod o the borrower ou the aforeguid securitios—ahall Lo listed for tax~ atlon ond appralsed at thelr falr valuation, THII- CHICAGO TRIBUNE: IFRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1B7—-TWELVE PAGES., Assessors polomnly swoar to so value. all property. Dut it fa notorions that no such valuation is ever made. Tho State Bonrd nt ita sossions formnlly rocognizes this faot, and tho Supremo Court upholds it, 'The total valuntion of all taxable proporty in this Btato wns fixed at iaylnst sossion of that Board at $867,235,702, which tho Board doclared by rosolntion to be 50 por cont of tho actual eash value, whon in fact tho cash valno of the taxable property in tho State is not perhaps losa than $2,600,000,000. Thera is no advantage to bo gained by incrensing tho gross valua- tion, When thio sum of revenuo to bo raised is a fixed nud définito ono, ns is the caso in rovenno for the State, for dodts and intorost of countles nnd for citics, it makea no dif. foronce what the valuation may be, tho tax will bo proportionately the snne, 'I'he only chango that mny bo accomplished by inoreas- ing the valuation to say $2,000,000,000 would be to enable the tnx-entors of nearly oll connties, towns, and citios to inorense their bonded debts, and to ‘onabla cortain countics to incroaso the salaries of the office- holding tribe and the othor curront exponsos, The gront end to bo sought by a Revenue Inw is an equitable and just valuation,—that is, whore ench man's proporty is valued pro- portionately with all” other property, and whatover inequality oxists now will Lo equal- ly posaiblo under any attempt lo establish a genoral cash valuation. ‘While we do not bolievo that the Legisla. ture will over como to n satiafactory undor- standing on tho questions that nre presented by this now Marrmews bill, or that it will essontinlly improve in thoso particulnrs the existing law, wo suggest thatthero are sov- oral oxisting, nnd notorious, and confessed imporfections in the presont Revenus law which might be remedied, to the groat rolief of communities aud persons. ‘Among these aro: (1) Tho reduction of tho cost of argess- ment by having ono Assessor in ench coun- ty holding his ofllce four years, and making ths work of assessment his specific duty, finding all the toxnble property, snd bringing it all by continuous investigation to n fair and proportionate valus. (2) The collaction of all the taxes in each county by ono officor at n fixed compensntion ; these two chnugos would abolish perhaps 700 to 000 offices, now comparatively uscloss, (8) Tha sbolition of tho quadruple book- keopiug and tax-lists, and tha abolition of costly and udoless advertised delinquent property. (4) The provision of such ade- quate poualties for the non-psyment of taxes ns will brenk up tho systom of fore foitures to the State. (5) SBuch changes in tho timo for tho nssessmont and collection of toxes in tho cittes ns will enable them to collect revonue in time to pay their current oxpenses in cash, instend of depreciated serip. These and somo other nmendments now pending before the Logislaturo which havo for their object the reduction of the cost of nssessing and collecting tho rovenuoe, nud tho enforcement of the payment of taxes, nud the equitable distribution of taxntion instead of compolling two-thirds of the property to pay, in addition to its own shiare, suflicient to meot thedeficiency caused by tho non-payment or escapo from tnxation Dy the other third, aro all praotical mensuros, involving no controverted questions, and should be passed by tho Logislaturo now. Their adoption will not interfore with the gonoral rovision of the rovenue codo when that measmre i takon up; on the contrary, will greatly facilitato: that - rovision: ‘Tt is a mattor of almost 1ife or death to tho cities of " tho Btate that thero should bo gome amend- ment to thoss portions of the law which ro- steict and obstruct the collection of rovenuo, QGEN, GRANT AND A THIRD TERM, 8o much time must olapse and so many ohnnges nro likely to occur in public sonti- ment boforo tho moeting of thonoxt National Ropublican Gonvention to nominate a candi- dato for President ond Vice.President that it is not safe to pradict dogmatically just what will bo done and who will bo tho dis. tinguishod citizons nnmed for thoso oxalted pogitions. COertain Ropublican nowspapors have already settled the quostion ay to the head of the ticket,~—wisely keeping the sec. ond placo open to moot the demands of lo- calities or sectional intercsts, and Lave set their favorite candidnte * booming"” with n dictatorlal assumption that leaves little uso for tho servicos of o National Couvention, and no morgin at all for tho honest oxpression of public opinion, ‘I'nis enthusinsm in favor of particular mon is woll onough in its way, butit becomes offeusive nnd anti-republican if indulged in boyond n cortain limit, and that limit is rosched whonover there ia nothing left for a Nutionol Consention of a great party to do excopt to conflrm the numinations of self- constituted oliques and factions who have kiudly assumed to provide the party with rondy-mado {dens, policies, nud candidates. Thero aro u good many men in the Ropub- lican parly to cousult in regard to the selec- tion of a candidate for tho Preuidonoy, sud tho nssortmont of suitable porsons for that distinguished honor is by no menns soant or unavailable, On tho contrary,-the . choico: need not bo confined to eithor 6f the four consplouous citizons whose natnes nro now habitually coupled with that ligh ofiico,— Goant, Buaine, Wasnounye, and Suensmax, —~OoNkuixg boing practically, out of the oatogory; but the next Couvention may con- cludo that it is the part of wisdom to pnss them by, and seleot somo other worthy and proper person to carry its banner and om- body its principles. s ‘The Convention that mot in this city in 1860 5ot such an exumplo ns is Lero indicated, and, rojeoting the eminent namos of Sxwarn, Cuzasy, MoLean, Dates, and others of emi. nent reputation, turued to that representn. tive man of the peoplo, Anranas Linoorw, wliozo mowmory other gonorations whl rise up aud bless, At Cinclunati, three yours ngo, tho Convention imitated the oxamplo of the Ohleago Convention in 1800, and pushing nside tho clmws of Braing, Bristow, Cong. g, Mortoy, and other *favorite sons,” the cholee foll upon ono whose name Lad littlo Influence outsids of Ohlo, Or,jit yo tury to the history of the Demo- cratio party, wo will find similar {ustances whete the nominating conventions were un. ablg to agrea upon oither of the conspiouous cuudidates who had beou * booming" all thbir lives befora tho peoplo and scloctedng comparatively obseure persou ns their staud- ard-bearer, I'Lis was notably the caso In the nominations of Jaxrs K. Porx and Foanguw Prenog, whose Administrations wero afterwards uade respeclable by the traitorous conduct of Janes BuoHanax, An auti-Hayes Republican newspaper in ‘Whashington, that is edited by n sorc.hended oxwoflical, 18 quite cortmn .that the veceut flnnnlarlxl cloctions in Iilluols, Wisoconsin, Kansas, Micbigon, and Pennsylvania are so wany unmistakable signs of the times in favor of the renopimation of Gon. GEANT fora third term. The editorof the paper roforzod to held a fat berth under President GnaxT) and, being uncersmoniously decap! tated by Mr. Haves for alloged Irregularitios in his offlee, he naturally magoifies his per- sonal griovanco luto’ natlonal importanco, and interprots everything to mean a dosire on the part of tho whole peoplo to return to thoold regime. Bnt a enroful observer in Washington, whoso faollities for form. ing correot catimates aro oxcellent, informa us that the * Grant movemont” thoro is not “booming” to an incredible dogreo. Thero are n large numbor of ex-officcholdors who had n good timo undor tho two Adminis. trations of Gen. Grant who wonld like to seo ngain some of tho ateady pay ond light work on which they waxed sleck and fat, ond, of courso, they oxpoct a third term of Grany moons o third term for themsolves, But among tho moroe reflocting Ropublican mem. bors of Oongross there is n goneral disposi- tion not to commit the party to the fortunes of any man so Tong beforohand. 'They say that Gnant desorves woll of his country, and that the Republio has not boen nogleotful in tho way of offices of his great morits, The gcore {8 ovon thus far, and tho obligations on both sides havo beoy well discharged, If tha delegntes malected by the people at largo to ropresent thom in the noxt National Conven- tron sholl arrive at'tho conclusion that Gon, Gnant is the best men to load the enm- paign against the Domocracy and the “Bolid South,” thoy will undoubtodly nominate him, as they ought to do. Dut that Convention must look forward and not bnck., The past ia cryatnilized into history, and tho emergonolos of tho presont must ba mot. GeanT must bo taken, a8 nny other man must be chosan, for what he is ablo to accomplish for tho country in tho future, and not because of his great military serv- ices in the past. Tho Roepnbliean party caunot livo upon its old war record any moro thon the Israelitos could livo upon old mauna, thongh it was supposed to havo do- scondod from Heaven, —— CONVICT LABOR. The Massachusotts Burean of Stotistios of Labor havo just published thair tenth an- nual report, under tho direction of Mr, Oan- novt D. Wnianr. A considernble spaco is dovoted to a discussion of conviet labor aa compoting with tho industries of the State, "The subjeat is of importance becauso of the gonoral disposition of tho Inboring clasacs to complain of convict labor ns dsmaging to their interests and rights, Mr. Wniant's statistios show that out of the 29,197 conviols confined in the various Btate Prisons of tho United States, 13,186 aro employed under contract in the mochan~ ical industrics, The remainder are om- ployed in mioes, npon roads, eto., in the ordinnry duties of prison-life. Thoso en- goged in industrinl pursuits carn, on the avorage, 40 conts per dny, or an aggrogato: of 1,624,616, If pald tho averago price for froo mechanical labor—$2 a day—their enrnings would amount to 138,122,676 ; thia Intter sum represents, thereforo, all the competition of the entira conviot labor of tho entira country, and it is cortainly a very amall proportion of the $5,000,000,000 which is the estimatod annual product of the in- dustries of the country, Itis, on aliboral ostimato of product, less than one-fifth of 1 vor cont of the industrisl products of the Unitad Btates. Thoro are threo systoms of working con. viets, viz.;; ‘Tlo contract systom, which pro- vails in Mosenchuseits nud most of the Northorn Btates, or lbtting labor to the high. est bidder, and usnally employed. within the prison-walls; tho lesseo-system, nnder which tha convicts aro leased for a corlain stipn- lated eum per annum, and which provails in many Southern States; and thoe * public-ne- count” systom, when the prison-officers pur- chnse tho materinls, manufacture goods and gell thom like any othor manunfacturing eatab- lishmont. The boot and shoe industry i takon as an illustration of the actual compe- titlon, becauso moro complnint comes from the oporatives in boot and shoo faotories in Massnchusotts, Thero aro 749 convicts em. ployed in that Stato on boots and shoes, It is found that, whilo in privato establish. menta the ninount paid for labor is 884 per cent of the cost of production, the propor- tion paid to convict labor is 81} per cent, so that the ndvantngo to the prison contractor s only 2 por cent in this item, whioh is more than overbalanced by dissdvantnges under which he labors in othor respects, L'ha conviot contractors testify that, if not bound by their contracts, they would not continuo the employment of. conviots, and ontsido mnnufacturers testify that thoy can undoer- soll, aud nlso make larger profita than, the prison contractors, If all the convicls of Mansachusotts wero ongoged in this one line of business, it would amouat to the nddition of ouly oue large manufacturing establish. ment, All the investigations made by tho Maasa- chusotts Buronu of Statistics load up to the conclusion that it would bo most unwise to . abolish all labor in peual institntions, From a moral point of view this cannot be questioned, sinca idloness would be scarcely ‘less doworalizing than & free pursuit of crimo outside tho prison-walls. TFrom an oconomio point of view it is demonstrated that tho inorensed exponso for the mninto- nonco of conviots would bo a moro serious charge upon tho people than tho bunloen of the utmost compotition which prison labor can furnish, It is recommonded, however, that tho divorsity of employment bo in- oroasied as muoh ns possible. "T'he conclusion renched by the New York Btato Commission, nnd confirmed by the Magsachusotts Burenn, ia that products of prison Inbor do not sensi- bly affect tho goneral markets of the coun- try, but somotimes in partioular localities and particular {ndustrios it may come into injurious competition with free labor, A large diversity in the prison labor {s the surcst protootion. that can be provided nagawst theso spooial fostances of injurious competition, Mr. Watanr does not recommend any leg-' islation designed to control prison Inbor in auy portionlar direction. Ha is cerfain thot it ouglit not to ha aboliched, and 14 equally convinced that a reduction of laboring hours tomix por day, with the roteution of the old contraot rates, or a prohibition of contraot. ing out thls convict labor at lower rates than those pald froe Jubor, would result in the abolition of such labor. His researchoa huvo also led him to”believe that what has buen desoribed as the * public-account ” sys- tem only nggravates the grievancea arising from the competition complained of by the workingmen, Ha simply encourages the diy versification of labor in the prisons, with a proferonce for such oniploymonts as require the largest oxpendituro of musolo with the smallest investment of capital, aud the workiog of convicta on public improvements whonever it s foasible, He bLelioves that the State Prisona should be made 68 nearly - self-supporting as they ocan be without prejudico to their roformatory misslon, Aud, with a viow to the adoption of some uniform sys. tom, ho recommends that Oongress bo memorialized to provide for the thorongh olnssification of all fnots bearing on the sub- Ject; that the Btate Prisons bo roquired to producoe as largs proportion a8 possible of the goods consumed in the prisons and nooded by other depnrtmenta of the Btato; tiat farms bo carried on by tho prison ad- ministration wherover it is praotieablo for prison supplies; finally, that employinent be Inrgoly divorsified, and convict Inbor lot to the bighost bidders after adveriising widely for proposnls. ORDINARY CAUBES OF FIRE. A recent article in Ohambers' Journal, trnc. ing tho ordinary causos of fires, might be of considorable sorvico to mankind if its sctual injunctions nud plausible inferonces wero gonorally observed, It Is eaid that tho renl causoisnot discovered In shoro than one-third of the fires that cccur. In England the can- dlo fs found to bo the most destructive wenpon in the domestio economy, but this will probably not hold trie of tho Unitod Btates where gas s more commonly used in private houses, Perbaps tho keroseno Inmp will take the placo of tho candle in thg American classification, Curtaine aro credited with the noxt placo on tho black list, but their ngoncy in producing firos is necoszarily dopendont on tho use of portablo lights, *Bpark from fireplace,” “bad flues,” ** gns," *childron playing with fire,” **smoking,” ‘spontaucous combis- tion,” nnd **incendinrism” are enumerated in tho order givon as among the most numor- ous causos, and in all but the last the remedy lles in inoronsed caution, oithor private or publics More thorough building-laws end better inspoction than provails in most com. munitfes would undoubtedly furnish more protection from firo than any other practica- blo preeaution, by proventing the enrcless construction of flues, laying of pipes for conducting of heat, and the use of influin- moble matorial in tho’ building of houses, whoro it is not necossary, but highly dangor- ous, Tho loeation of factories and shops where highly combustible matorial is nsed or manufactured is undoubtedly a fraittal source of conflagrations, and should bo subjooted to specinl supervision, 'Then. tres combine nearly nll ordinary risks, becauso thair performances from timo to time embraco all phases of life, nnd the scene- painter, carponter, and ** property-man " nro coustautly at work upon and producing in. flammablo material. Ou the other hand, the rules of thenires in regard to shavings, lights, smoking, elo., are so thorough and atrict that tho danger is not always so groat 18 in ordinary business and residence houses where no special oara is exoroised. Shavings and loose papor are nmong the most danger- ous as woll 3 ost common ngenoles in con- flagrations, nnd evory shop whero tho former acoumulate, and overy Louso where the lat- ter aro thrown about, should be subjected to ,frequent and thorough cleaning. Spontane- “ous combustion is gonerally traced to tho ac- cumulation of decomposing vogetable-mat- ter, such as cotton-waste, hemp, sawdust on which oil has been spilled, ote., nud espe- cial care should be taken to avoid such accn- mulation. Tomperanco reformors, naccord. ing to their eflicionoy, aro useful agontsin the repression of fire.causes, for a drunkon man is n very fira-braud where there is any opportunity for him ; it would be a Llessing if tho samo class of roformors conld reach sobor but stupid sorvants. Some usoful pro- cantions suggestod by theso reflections may ba found in the following oxtract from the artiolo to which we have roferred: *'Lot some member of tho family visit every portion of the house beforo It is shut up for tho night. (While he ls secing to tho eafoty of the fires and lights, ho can alyo glve an oyo to bolts and bars, and thuas fullll another most nocessary procantlon.) Soo that there §s no glimmering of ight benenth the bedroom doors for any unreason- able tme after the lmmates have retired to rest. Insist on escerinining tho cause of any smell of burnlng, It wmay bo only o ploce of rag safcly smoldering in a grato, but watlafy yourself on the point withuut delay. Do not rake out a firo at night, but ollow it to burn itself out in the grate, Do not allow an unused fre-place ta be closed up with a screen unless (v {a firat mscortained that thore fe no collectlon of soot {n the chimuey, and no communication with any other flue from which a apark may como, Catt- tlon servants not to throw Aot ashes into tho dust. bin, Let tho slightest escape of s bo remedied a8 soon o8 possible, and remembor that the com. mon forin of telescope gasalicr requires water at certaln intorvals, or it will become n source of danger. Fioally, forbld all kluda of putreleum and bonzoline lampa to bo trimmed oxcent by day- Nght, (A lamp waa the lnitial cause of she greut Chicago fire. )" ‘Tho conduct of Mr. Antrey, the Bocialist Bouator from this oity, in hiv speech upon the resolution thankiug Congross for its action upon the Chinosa question, should hiave boon sevorely rebuled by some ono compotont for that duty, It was n disgrace to the boily of which he is a momber, to the constituonoy ho roprogonts, and to himaolf, 1t was very cheap fustinn from a very small demngogue. His Communistic haranguo againat soctety, and his bombastic threats of “* obtaining rights at the canunon's mouth and in tho smoko of civil warfare," were not per. tinent to tho subjoot under disoussion, and wore impertinont in connection with any question. It is a little romarkablo that somo sturdy'-momber from tho rural districts with sonso in his hond did uot squelch this brawling demagojue. Tho Btato Benato Las passed, thoro being only two nogativo voles, n bill making the punishmont of larcony, whon the valuo of the proporty stolon doos not excood 815, pumsh- ablo by imprisonmnont in the county jail, or in tho workhouve, or by labor on tho stroots or alleys of citios, or public ronds of countis, Also that in all cases of oonviction for misde- moauors tho sontonce may be imprisonment in the county jail or at work on the roads or stroota, Whore tho peonity is by flne, the person convicted 1any he required to work out such fine by Inbor on the roads, sireots, or olloys, at the rato of 8160 pur duy, Tramps guilty of polty stenling moy thus find work in a way not expectoed, ssoclation of the Northwest will hold its second anuual encamp- ment the comlug summer, ‘l'owns (deslrous of entertalning the veterans are roquested to for ward sealed propossts to L, C. Ponter, Chnir- wan Executive Committes, Aurora, 1li,, stuting the extent and charactor of the grounds availe able for tho puroose, the subscriptions toward detraylng the expenscs of the Reunfon that will be guarauteed, and the number of vetcrans in the neighborhood willing to take part. It Is expected that from 5,000 to 10,000 eolalers and militla, including the First Regiment, wiil attend this encampment, that 40,000 people will visit it 84 spectators, and that $3,000 will be dircetly oxpended for expenscs. “These reunions promlise to be important soclal events. ‘They should be beld {u some Itnportant town, easlly sccessible,” and provided with abuadant hotel secom- moudatlons, e —a—— Lent has come In quletly, To the outsido world, which keeps on ita way catiog and drink- ing as ususl, the ouly judications of this sobor season of fasting and .mortitcatlon are tho sudden: cessation of partles, routs, revels, and. bally, the disgruntled looks of tho caterer, fddler, brighter aspect of tho flshimonger, The dog- trive of compensation applics in this case, for the Incronsed demand for ogyaters, labaters, clams, and fish without shells muat of necessity fncreaso the supply, so that doaters will bo engar to dlsposo of their stock, which is perish- able, and buyers will enjoy tho advantage of cheap pricea growing out ot the Incroased sup- ply. In the Eplscopal Church, both High and Low, thers fs n vory goneral tendoncy to observa Lent with tore strictnoss than usual, nnd the same Is triue of tho Koman Catholle Church, Mowever the groat world ontafde of these Churclies moy regard Lent in its ro. liglous aspects, from the soclal polnt . of viow it would avbpear to be eminently desirablc that tho world of socigty ahonld rest from its surfeit of entertainment, Thero ought <0 bu astop somewhere, und Lent supplies it It would bo too much to oxpeet that the gilded youth of the,one sex nnd the glddy creaturos of the otlier should go on answerlug the exactions of goclety from Beptember to Juno without a hinlt, A fow weeks' abstinence from the sweets of the world and roflectiona upon its pomps nnd vanities aro necessary to sceurce for the devatees, Hke the worm In fts shroud, n successful emergence a3 full-blown Easter buttorfiies, To the real religlous devotee, who looks upon the observanco,of Lout a8 a solemn duty, this tem- porary retireinent from the world and considera- tlon of the things pertalnlng to the future life will better it iim to grapple with the ovils of this world und enjoy the blessings of the other, Bo whether this observance be forin or fact, it {s A scason ontitled to fervent gratliudo on the one hand und solemu respect on the other. ————— Our sprightly und-esteemed contemporary, the News, flies the track entirely when it says hat Tz TRIBUNE hos an interest in promoting emigrativn to Leadville. Tz TRIDUXE has no such intorcst, It agrees fully to what the News soy8 of the extremo risk every poor man runs in golng to Leadvillo. It Is probably o fact thnt all the valuable clalmg within five miles of Leadville have been taken up, and the best ones ara now owned by rich men or corporations. The supply of labor fs, for this season of the year, far in oxcess of the domand, ‘The poor nan who goes to Leudville now will find noth- ing to do; aud the prive of orovisions is high. Add to this the statement, nowhere so con- apleuously made a8 In the correspondence of Tis TRISUNE, that the cllinato 18 trying to the Tiealth, und the rensons neainst going ought to be enough to keep every wise man who hns no particular business there away. At the present writing Leadyllle 18 some fect under snow, and the cmigratfon fover is likely to cool off for o time of fls own nccora; but to maka the situation still plalner, so that vo man need plend Ignorance after golng, we copy as follows from the correspondence of thu Denver Z'ribune, which s printed near Leadvlllo: ¢ The strects are filled with men anxious to obtatn employment, food, and lodglgs, and they can find veither, Food 18 plenty, but these peraous Luve no means to purchase,” Editorfally the snmo papor snys: *“ft {8 tho dutyof overy newspaper in Colorado to warn moucyless peo- ple from golug to Leadville, Tho Intorests of the State domond ft. All the land - around Lendville for niles has beon staked out and prospected, and & man without money has no opportunity of finding suything in the mines or fn the city." ——————— Tho Rov. Dr. Giuoenr HAvEN, o Bishop of the Methodlst Eptscopal Church, formerly well known in this viclnity and now resident fo At~ lantu, Ga., has coutributed o lotter to the Now York Independent containing his observations uf practleal enses of torrorism with which he has met in his Southern travels. Amoni other in- atances ho relates that o hundred men in Kom- por Caunty, Miss., havt sworn that the remalng of the Cinsowx family; who were killod for thelr devotion to the right, shall not be romoved, In Frauklin, La,, ho wos cognizant of au attempt of the Regulators to murder the clork of the precinct uud hls family in order to obtain the record of the votes b tho lust clection, In the samae town a colored youth, who was accused of Insulting a white lady, was taken out of jall and kiled by o mop, aud bia body thrown into a bayow. Ono night, while Lo was at n port on the Red River, “a steamor landed which bad as pussengers Lwo witnesses on thelr way to testify in o Federal court concerning the autrages in thelr nelghborheod. "They were foreibly taken from tho vessel, and disnppeared at once und forever frum human sigat.” Other witnesses, clergymen and fricuds of the Bishop, were arrested upon trumpoed-up charges after leaving tho Unitea States Court-rooms, *and would to-day bo lylug in jail hut for bail, sub- Ject to rearrest amdt punishmeut if they pre- sumo to uppear again -on the witness-stand, at the call of the National Government,” I Bishop HAVEN rites many more such letters, 1t s only a question ot time how zoon wa shall hiear that he too has been mobbed or has sud- deanly and mystorfously disappenred. B E— There is ono Individual In the Uity Councll who concelves it to Le his duty to represent nobody and nothing but tax-caters and extravagance, I'nthecousideration of the Annual Appropriation bill ko 13 constantly popping up like a sort of Jumpling-fack, moving amendments to Increase the number of tax-catcrs and the pay of city ofticeiolders, Ho gabbles with the volubility and vehemences of o parrot in favor of high. er pay und woro - ofliceholders. Taxpayers ho regards In the Nght of patfout, doclle oxen to be bled, skinned, and cut iuto ateaks and tripo for the asustenance of swarma of offlcials, Take the wvroceedings of Wednesday: “Tho appropriation for the Fire Deopartment was before the Council. The tax- eating Alderman Jumped up wnd moved to in- sert 324,480 move-taxes for thirty-four nuncees- sary watchinen for enginc-honecs. Then the same {ndividual jumped up at nnother stage of tho, questfon und moved to fnsert $13,210 extra taxcs for soventcen uscless watchmen. In a fow minutes afterwards ho was howling for filty extra pollcemen and $45,000 more taxea. When 1t camo to the Public Library he was clamorons for reduction; e wanted the appro- printion cut down nearly half; books were the fznoramus’ bete woir; they wore not only use- less, but abominable in his sjght. What he destred was more vlaces at the public crib and moracorn, The Eighth Ward has no moral right to commit such a'nulsance upon the Com- mon Councll, —————— Young Hinorry, the buotblack, newsboy, and capltallst, has gono to Leadville, Ilo was one of the most famous charactera In Chicago, having au undivided surplus of from 8600 to $5,000, and uo mortzoges on avything, e used to shino around Tug Tmnune oftico at 10 cents per shing, and nobody ever Impeached the dntegrity of his clbow-gresse. Rural editors who saw HiNokny, and heard his inarvolous story, never told by himselt, sccrotly susoccted him of voing o bunke-steerer in dlsguise; but ho waa an honest, faithful, modeee little man, and could buy out nine-tenths of the youug genllemcn whoso boots ho blacked. T ———— The Memphis Appeal says: **The success of Eaps' jotties 18 doing much for the cominorce of the Mississippl Rtiver, and New Orleans has career of prosperity before her 1u consequence, Wao nre glad to bear this, Tis TuiBuna was ane of the first papers in the United Btates to advocate the falr trial of Capt, Eaps' plan, and. candid Soutliern papera will adimit that we have glven {1 a1l the support to which it has proved itsclt entitled, This fact alone s sufiiclent evi- dence that Tun TRIbUNE has not been actuated by partisan or sectional motives in opposing tho ‘Texas Pacific subsidy and the mammoth laveo scheme, ———— The new codo of Texas has abolished English gromunor, For purposes of consteuctlon it de- clarcs that ¢ the presout or past tenso shall fn- cluds the future,” #the musculine gender ine fude tho feminino’ and the neuter," and #a verb shall not be strictly held to an agreement with {ts pomlustive {o sumber aud person,” The New York Times poluts out that thess pro-. vislons may, In praciice, prove to be incon- venfont, 1f strietly enforced, the suflraze would become promiscuous; for, In place of “Tho [} d floriat, and the correspondingly | voter shall prepare ilr Lallop,n Y hnve to read, ““Iho voter syt " Lc;:. “wB:;nllnrlr. latiig b ag ps of the horns of dany il Dbulls will be held to apnly to bully of 1y, nine and neuter gendera; the aeary te exe‘ o ona pair of trousers from dehy, Wi relte, m?."n Tier, or 1ts" trousers of this Ilnmlltve‘ o Women will ‘be admitted to the bar \fllc’"‘mhl her, or {ta" applicatton {s granted, nnt i :mw code has advantages, pacticularly uae l‘l“u ciislators, that far outwelgn e objectf e It. Under {ts broad ang benevotent vnn::lh tionof the langugo, 1t wiil 8001 be poasiyl, s 8 Unlted Stales Senator wholly to. gjenc F Linotax MungAY without Dringing liu, e the 8tate ho representa into contempt, ille Mr. RALPT DIsRAgL, brothe consrirLy, I8 the Clerk of PP::IIL:;‘ zh ot which eapacity ha roceivos A year), e b £8,000, or 815,000, To s marrled, ay CoNINGSBY D1snAzLY, born iy 1867, Strap, say, the cry of ncpotlam hns not been rfitc b opainst BEACONSPIRLD for his llm-mhmncu!e‘x his brother to this lucrattyo offlee. 1f the "1\10! had happoned [n the United States the fam, 2 Mr, Ravrit DisnarLr would not long be m;ul under o bushel, wheroas ho s now drawin, hm vay li comparative abscurity, and 15, llkugmh al]llo'p‘keupnr MARK T'wAly envled, “reapecteq n; all, y snlary of i by n};uu | ——— ‘Tovt 8cotT's backers in Congross the vart of the dor fn the manger., that thero fs no chance for the Tox, grab that they are Intoroated In, and dotermitied to antagonize the Northern Pacif a8 much a8 In thelr power, and their porer f u mischief Is still very cousiderablo, Tox s nZ: on the ground himself, but it is evident that by pulls the stringa and his puppets obey, 1t 4y vpossiblo that the rule-orruin yolley of My, Beorr may not win {n the end. 810 nefing They seq 8 Pacife 0 they ary ———— In a gushof sentimentallty against or garoting, tho Itelian I‘nrllnmf:l. unnl:;ny:’.n: ago ropealed all laws inficthng the death-pep. alty for murder. Italy 18 now ropenting the net. It Is discovered to have beon o great mis. take. The prison and conflucment hayo no ter ror for thoso who take life. The death-ponally alone has any restraint on them, ‘Those for whom lfe-Imprisonment nor hanging has sy terrora aro not fit for human soclely, andnoy entitled to live tn or bo supported bytt, ———— Archbishop PUROELL writes to the Clnelonay papers that the Uerman Catholles hayg une formly shown him affection™ und rogard, Tty does not, howover, explaln the refusal of the German Catholics to be held rosponsible for the dobta contracted by the Archblshop, W shall never get o the beart of all this mysters untll the books which, it 1a said, Father Tunenit, the Arclibishop’s brother, kept in his hat are X amined by experts. —— Mr, Frap HAeSAURRK, the editor of the Clge cinuat! Volksblaf!, has written o novel, which will bo published In about two months by Rop. 2uT CLARK & Co. It Is entitled * The Secret of the Andes,” ‘tho sceneis lald at Quite, Seuth Amerlea, where Mr. HASSAURER was Minister undor LINCOLN. ‘The sccret is the bidiug-placa of the treasures loft ot Quito by the Last of the Incas; and about this rowance ls fugentonely woven. Hpain is over-Dukod and Counted. She hossty of 022 Dukes, 866 Marquiscs, 632 Counts, 03 Vis- counts, and 98 Barons, besldes 44 ennobled for cigners. Two Dukes, 53 Marquises, 80 Counts, 6 Viscounts, and 2 Barons have been created by the present King, The university students thh year number 16,839, of whou 6,523 aro studying modicino and 7,400 law. Henprickg,lias been teying for & long time to get bis“Vlews before the pubtie, tut whan- ever a raporter comes to sce him a raging toothe acho cuts off conversation short, ‘The Govarsot must have that tooth out, or e will never live to be Presldent, ————— ‘The consua in citles having over 10,000 inhsbe itants is to be held within two weeks from the 1st of Junc. This will be early and jucone venientdor the managers of the St. Louis Falr, und will not bo boncst to Chicago as a sumuer resort, 5 ———— . PERSONALS. The Now York H.rpress spoaks of the Rov, Justout Falton. February sooms disposed to assist March in coming in liko o lion. ‘Vanderbilts and churches, it sppears, an not taxed In this country. Olio wants to be the mother of moro Prealdents than ** Ole Virginny,” The man who looks not on thoe wine when 1t 1a red fu nsually found to prefer gln. Murdorors will ont. Two murdorors es caped from a Texas jail tho other day, Tn simplo justico to Angell it must bo sd- mitted that ho s a good seven-up player. It amon tfies to borrow a dollar of you within the next forty days, tell bim It's lents Mr. Tildon is rapidly filling his barzel, and 1¢ he falls tor the Presldency he will fall with lirge ansets. Bret Harte oppoors to bo the nceredited lecturer of the United States Uoverament to London, Anna Dickinson failed as an actre3s proba- bly for the reason that sho had no diamonds to by rotibed of. Tho Washington Post says that Walt Whit man 18 in poor health, We had supposed It wat his rendera, ‘Mo infant which was born In o Chicago alevator tho other day J4 destined ovidently to have 1ts ups and dowos in life, ‘Tomporanco looturcs shonld bo short. A locturar dossn't want to feal compelled to 20 with ont a drink a great while. e ‘Phe author of ¢ H. M. 8. Pinaforo pr? l- bly got tho materlal for his pisy from an cxaminy tion of the Amorlcan navy. John A. Lognn might say with A.rifim‘l” Ward, **Why caro for grammar it you'ro only goud?" 1t he only weto good. ; Courtney, tho oursman, has takon to h{):' deatrianism, and we fear thero must b somet! : the matter with his **skull.” " ‘Pho Nationnl Domocratio Committes .D““A; ed Mr, Tilden's barcol, and the sound appesrd have been very oncouraging. Lk J. 0. tHoward, who was saven fect tall o Known. as tho talleat suan In Kentucky, fs deadioh y, has gono to hia long home. A revonuo entter Is going to Allukna thoy usually hava snow there, we shoul Alaska would be 8 guod place for cutter. i Rose lawthorno hns been umu;,'h - enough to add to tha prescat stock of uuvt.l'n"‘ fee] truly thet therw 19 no o withou! thorne. Mr. Kearnoy, wo loarn, doos not ;l::':: tes, Wao suspeet that this le not owing 80 ":.mci his hatrod of the Chiness ss to 8 Atrubg Ie for whisky, - A reporting machine wos umbited';lm:gu Parjs Exposition, but se It lnrned.!fl ’l‘ et “icapy ™ in time to getan evemng **3sHE it was looked on a4 a failure. i Noew York billiordists are mnklml;! Siisrh provements™ in tho game. They bsd b‘:_‘“ Totake improvementa {n thetr play, if they cxp the champlonship smblein from Chicago. fis A Oinciunati paper soys that SP““:’“ 1654 dall doean't caro to pun for l.m.‘dfl“:l]l’nll dess Procrastination ia the thief of hmun.‘" Tiden cles, Mr, ltandall, And theu what ft Mo sbould want o second terim! lation of Fraukfort-on.the-Maiu las 8 Pfll’“m ot 00,000, and out of that nuwmber lflt:m, T lessh rom four to ive milllons of dollars 1§ Franklort® 250 are worth & miltion, The wzv" of e mals on-the-Maln seom to bs largdly o2 chanco, — Tdison, wo ore told by an Eastert | e 15 dojug some deep thinklag these dn{ 11 super loss wo may expect somelbiod whl:l 4 walver sede even bis ondtrlully-luc:elll;l o aslly.used olectric Jght. l’.vldm‘u gd.' 18 t23i0g (0 s & blgges man (b 0l¢ andoy thiok