Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 25, 1879, Page 9

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1879—TWELVE PAGRw. 3 BAD LOT. R tor Blaine's Argument in Favor of the Chinese Bill. Leiter Called Out by the As- 3 sanlts of willfam Lloyd Qarrison. gona fhe Mongolian Race Apparent- 1y Incapable of Im- provement. r Chief Characteristic Impenetrable, Filthy Exclusiveness. Thei an tts Laborers Should Not Be De- mmgnded by Competing with the Chinese, Is Doing tho Wisest vy Summarlly End- ing tho Treaty. cmgreu! Thiog Heathen Chinee Becoming Trbublesome in New Zealand. The SENATOR BLAINE. 18 VIZWE ON TIB CHINESE BILL., pectal Dimatch to The Tridune. ew Yong, Feb, 2.—The following letter {om Eenator Biaine will bo pubilshed in the Jrbunermotrow mornlng: Wasmyoton, D, C.y Feb. 21, 1870.—To the Lior of the New York Tribune: The reflec- toosof Mr, Willlam Lloyd Garrison upon the geastors who votedd for tho il restricting Chi- e immigration are made, I think, withi@ht the orongh examination which he usually brines fothe discusslon of public questious. Permlit st,with plainness of specch, and yeb with the dererespece 1 entertain for Mr, Garrison, to sate the ground on which I cast my vote for the usore. i Fni=Thero has not beon from the outset any fagration of Chinese fn the sonse fu which fzmigratlon comes to us from Europe. It s all been “under contrnct” and through sgecies, and it mot in every reapect of the Cooly type, the entire immigration from China ‘s bad the worst and most demorallzed feat- wet of Cooljlsm. The Burlingame treaty spedally * reprobated any other than an entire’y rlnlary immigration,’ and yot from tho firat (tipsman that came, in 1848, to the Lt one that landed at Han Fran- duo, It s safe to say that not one {2 0ne bundred came in an * entlrely volun- try" manner. Up to Oct. 1, 1876, the records of the 8an Frauclsco Custom-ITouse show that £31 Chilneso had arrived fn this country, and thit §3273 bad returncd to China, The immi- jmtion since has been quite large, and, allow- og for retmins and doaths, the best statistics 1 anprocurs show that about 100,000 Chinese are fa Culfornia and from 20,000 to 25,000 Iu the ad- Jucent Pacific States and Territories, Sxend—Ot this lsrge population fully nine- tenths aresdult males, TUE WOMEN bave ot fn a1l numbered over 7,000, and, accord- foz to all accounts, they aro impuro and lowad firbeyond the Anzlo-Saxon conception of Jm- yurityand Jewdness. Ono of the best informed Ciliforalans I ever inct says that not ono score stdecent and puro women could ever have been Vloand In the wholo Chincee immigration, It is tolyin the imoglaed, rather I hopo the unim- 4ied, feculeuca and foulness of Bodom und Gomorrah that any parallel can bo found to the strocos maatiness of the Chineso quar- W of Ban Franclsco. I speak of {8 from abounding testimony,~largely from thost who have had personal. opportunity to Hudy the subjoct In its revolting detalls. In te enfiro Cainese population ot the Paclfle tust scarcely opo fomily s to bo found; no btanthstone of comftort, no tiresido of Joy; no fathervr mother, nor brother nor sister; no child teared by parents; no domestie nud ennobling kfluences; 0o tles of affeetion. The relation of vifelsdeeraded beyond all deacription, the fe- mles holding and dishonoring that sacred namo telog s0ld nnd transtarred from ono man to on- otker, withouy shame and without fear; one Yomun belng at the ssmo timo the wifa to sev- wlmen, Many of theso women camo to San Tranclsco under wrltten contracts for prostitu- den, openly aud shamelcasly entered into, I Igu mytelt read the transiation of somo of huu sbominable dovuments. 1f ns a nation we l" the right to keep out fofectious iacnsos, !.u bavo the rizht to oxcludo the erimiunl e 4663 from comlng to us, wo surcly posscas tho :bl toexcludo that immigration which recks “l: Impurity and which cannot como to us thout plenteously sowing the aceds of moral lfl;_‘r;hyllm\ disease, destitutlon; and death, N rd=The Clunese fmmlgration to Californla o with the American Immigration in 1818, e t¥0 races hayo been sldo by alde for moro M'l Wity years, nearly an entire goucration, i lr‘veor ONE STEP TOWARD ASSIMILATION l‘tw"‘mlnlun. Tho Chinese occupy their own " * Quarter in the clty, adlicre to thelr own 4 sncak their own language, worshlp In Nn:']m heathen teaiples, and, fnsldo thio mu- % a7 aud independent of It, administer n ‘"‘thOn: themaclves, even pronouncing tho o Dlllnnxly and exceuting {t fu criminal sc- .l"' : this were for o year only, or for two, m‘a ¥ oven ton years, it miznt bo clafincd Nmm{: ll{nn Is necded for domestieation und wiregs lon; but this has been golng on for au . eratlon, and the Chinaman to-day ap- e l:‘:onmcr toourelvilization than he did on Golden Guto first rocelvod bim, In M:"“mflny befors an investigating com- wt o) Congress, Dr, Moars, the Health O Wity Franclsco, described as % careful ke oy man," testifled that tha condition h“mell:mwaqv.mrmr 18 “* horrible,Inconcelvably [T He stated that the Chinese an a rulo wovdey Ilflm tenement-houses, larze nunibers ufl:ln Individual rooms, without proper i ".hwuh bad dralnage, und under- "“‘"hlcl: Bgreat deal of fiith, the odors “andy of ara horrible.” flo described el "W“lnklnc & room ten feet high pud "mhem 0orlug halt way to the celhng, both gy % crowded at night with sleepers, o, Ef’uwded dens cases of small-pox wore g gy tzX’flm lhe'nullce.“ *“They livo under- o Cmn‘:;h' The topography of that por- [ om {8 such that you enter a hoiise b g + 8 think that v fs a oue-story Ic":nu Wil od two or tbree storivs ,"m"mon tho sido of the bill, where they Sheryep g AUt~ Another close aud accurate P !;d !:tl:ldenl. of Californfa, says ** the [y fi\lmt desolatiug .pestilenices have 1 coqly lmull-nox has often beon epidom- Thy L'h(nml ways be traced to Chinese origin. [y church Yuarter was once accupled by Now theip "u. aud dwellings of Amoricans, bavof Clmu’u thorouglly Mongolfan as ‘any Solyey 1 Dr'h All other races flea from the s Seara further tostifod und gave [y ANY REVOLTING DETAILS 15?!‘?\0’ "u:h““‘ Chiuces “aro cruel and fadif- tlepers slck™ o described cases of Aoy, off 8¢ tho City Hoapital: “Thelr feot Yreyuyyeq o, UF7 £a0gTenc, and thele hands Lroppeg “m.,llnl sitenuated, ‘Thelr tnrernails 7 workjgg L1¢ 1314 tho Chinese weru grad- Yord 1oy, 25 tuatward, and would by und by Sl phy l;‘:“ titles, whors the conditfons : Y Uve {n Ban Frandsco would product fhe nbsence of its climatic ndyan- tages, strictive pestilences, Perhaps a Chincro quarter in Boaton, with 40,000 Mango- Tana located somewhers between thi Bouth End ond the North Fml of the elty nnd separating tha two, would give Mr. Garrison romo new vlews as to the power and right of a nation to exclude moral and physienl Pestilence from 1ts borders. In Ban Franclsco there 8 no hot weather, the thermometer rnrnl{' rising above 046 degrees, One ol the most intelllzent physiclans in the United Btates sava that the Chiness quar- ter of 8an Francisco translerred to Bi. Louls, Chlcago, Cincinnati, or any Fastern ecity would in n hot summer breed a plogite equal to the “black death ' that s now alarming the elyll- {zed world, When Mr. Garrison says the immi- ravion of Englishmen, Irishmen, Seotehmen, ‘renchinen, Germnus, and Scandinavians must be put on the same footing ns tho Chiness cools {es, hie confounds nll distinctions, and, of course without Intending {t, lincls almost 1he entiro white pupulation whose bloud is fuherited from the races hie namex. Al the immigration from Turope to<iay assimiiates nt once with ita own blood on this soff, nndd to place the Chinese coolle on the samo fonting s to shut one's cyes to nll the fnstincts of human nature uid all the teachings of history. JTourth—Is 1s not ‘novitable thata class of men living {n this degraded aud mthnmndlunn, mil on the poorest of food, can work for less than the American laborer is entitled to receive for his daly toll? T'ut the two classes of Inbor sido by side, and the cheap servile labor pulls down _the more manly toll to ita level, 'The frea white laborer never could compete with the slave lnbor of the Bouth. In the Chinaman the white labarer finds only * S ANOTIIEIL FORM OF SERVILE COMPETITION.— in some aspects more reyolting nnd corrupting than Afrlean slavery. Whoever contends for thie unrestricted fmmigration of Chinese coolles contends tor that system of toll which blights the prospecta of the white laborer,—dooniing “bim to statvation wages, killing his ambition by rendering his strugele hopeless, nnd ending ina nlodding and pitiable poverty, Nor Is it a trath- ful answer to eay that this danver.ls remote. Remote it may be for Mr. Garrison, lor Boston, and for Now Englaud, but it ls' inatant aul pressing on the Paclfic 8lope, Already the Chi- nese malo edults on that const are well-nigh o numerous as the white voiers of California, anil 1t Is conceded that a Chinese emigrant ean be piaced fu S8an Franeleeco for one-halt the amount requured to transport a man from the Misslssippi Valley to the Pacific Const, und for one-thijrd what it requires for a Now-Yorker or New-En- glander to reach Callfornia or Oregon, The Jate Caleh Cushing, who had easefully studied thg Clincse question ever since bis misslon to>Peking in 1812, mnintalned that un- less resisted by the United States the first general fasine in China swould be fol: lowed by an emigration to California that waou) swamp the white race. I observe thut a New Togland newspaper—L eapecially regret tlint such jznorance shonld be shown in New En- gland—sgavs it 18 only **a strip ** on the Pacitie that the Clinaman séeks for a home: The Chi- nese are nlready senttered In three States und two ndjacent Territories whase aren ia larzer than the original thirteen colonfes, Callfornin alune 18 larger than New Enclund, New York, Pennsylvanly, and Onlo, mud 18 eapable of maln- u\lnln?r s vast population of Auglo-Saxon free- men if weao not surrender It to Chinese coo- fes. - Fifth—Before tho same Commniitiee of Inves- timaiion, from whose report I have alrendy quoted, Mr, T, W, Jackson, a man of high ehar- acter, who had traveled extensively In the East, msm]m thint his strong bellel waa ** that If the Chinese felt that they were safe and had a firm footing in Celiforna they would COME IN ENORMOUS NUMNRRS, beeause the pboulation of China Is practically Inexhaustible.” Sueh, Indeed, Is the unbroken testimony of all who are entitle to express an oninfon. "Uhe decision of Congress on this mat- ter thercfore becomes of the yery last impor- tance. Had {t been {n favor of Chinese fminl- gration, with the encourarement und protee- tion which that woutd have finplled, it requires no vivid tmagination te foreseo that the ereat slope between the Sierrns und the Paclfie would become the emigratig ground for the Chinese Emplre. Sothyt Tdo not ot sl cxacgerato when I say that on the adoption or ru(]ccuun of the pollua' passed upon by Conercsa bangs the fate of the Pacine Slope,—whether 1 labor shall bo thut of Amerlean frecmen or servlle Mougoliaus, If Mr, Garrison thinks the [nter- csts of his own countrymen, bis own Govern- ment, and, fv a still larger sensc, the {uterests of humanity and clvtlization] wilt - be promoted by glving up the Prcille to Moneolinn labor, beg respectfully but firmly to differ from him. Thero §8 no ground on which wo are bound to recelve - them to our own detriwent, Charlty is the first 8f Chriatian eraces. But Mr. Garsison would nut feel obliged to receive into his family.a person that would phvaleally contaminate or morally corrupt his children.” As with a family, so with a uatlon; the same Instinet of sclf-preservation exists, the same right to profer the interest of our own peo- ple, the samo duty to exelude that which fa cor- rupting'nnd dangerous to the Repubtle! Sizth—The outery that we are violating our treaty obllzations Is without any foundation. ‘The “article on emigration in the treaty has not heen observed by China for a single hour since it was made, ANl the testimony tuken on the subjoct—and it has been full and coplous-—~ SIOWS CONCLUSIVELY that the cutire cmizration was “under con- tract”: that the coolles had been euthered to- gethier for export, and gathered as agents {n our Weatern States would gather live stock for shipment. A very compctent witness [n Catl- fornin, speaking to this point, suys that— On the arrlval of the Chimers In California they are consfgned ko hogs to the different Chinese companies, thelr contracts are vised, and the cooly commences to pay 10 the comnanlea fees to Inkure care If he is taken sick and his return home, dend oralive. 1l roturn is prevented tntl) affer his contract liow been entlrely fulflled, If he breaks his contract the pies of tho six comvanles hunt hitin to prevent his returning to China by arrange- ment with the steamahip company or their acents in tho steamsiip vmploy to prevent his gotting o ticket, 'Uhe rzeats of ‘the steamship companies testitiod 1o this same fuct,” If a4 ticket fa obtained for binuby others, he ia forcibly stopped on tho day of failing by the empluyes of the wix compa- nics, cailed **hHigh-binders,” who canslways bo suen suarding the coolies, Mr. Joscphi J. Ray, a Philadelphia merchant, loniy resident [n China, and a closs ubserver of |18 cmigration, ¢nys **Ihat 1089-1,0000f the Chlnesa who have renched aur shores Wore not free agents in their coming. Flies of the Iong-Kong news. pavers from 1801 wonld supylly information ro- rarding the *barracoons' av that port, and when the avsten) had becomo too grent a scandal, thoir removal to Mucao (a lortuusices culony, forly miles distant), in which * barrucouns ' the Chiness, in overy sensp prisoncrd, were retained until their shlpment to Ban Francisco, Callno, IHavanu, ete, Sliea, called by courtesy enlarants, woro coflect: od from within a radius of 200 to 300 wiles from Canton, and conslsted of tha abjectly poor, who, wlllinely or not, wera sold to obtain food for thelr famliles. or for pnmbling dehts (the Cnfnene, ns you arw aware, belny inveternto Tuuulcm,u thencapo- gricea of 'tho country, fleclig to avoid puniuh- meut, " 1t 1s of coursoa more mis@se of terms to call thig an “entirely voluntary cimnizration, amd yet nonc other was_ permissible under the Bur- Ingame Treaty. Our Government would be clearly justificd in disrezarding the treaty on the singto rround that the Chineso Government had never respected its provisions. But, with- out any reference to thaty our Govermnent TOSSESSES THH RIGNT TO ADROOATE THR ATY, TREATY, it it adjudees that lts continuance Is *pornl- cious to the State.” | Indeed, the twe peudiog propositions i the Seiate differed not In regurd to our own right to asbrounte the treaty, but aimply as to wheiher wo snould do it fu duly, 1870, by the exercise of our power without fur- ther notive to Cofng, or whether wo should do it in Jonuary, 1880, after notifyinee Ching that we hind mude up our minds to do it. Nearly a yoar nzo Coneress by jolut resolution expressed ts afscontent with the existing treaty, nad thua clearly gave notlee to the elvilized world— if votica wers nvedinl—of the desive nnud in- tention of our people. In the late nee tion of Congress 1he oppasing proposition— moved as 8, substituto fur the bill to which £ gavs my support—requested the President to nutlfy the Ewperor of Ching that Chinuss fn. milgration {d “unsutistactory und pernictous,” and in effect {f ho would not modIly the treaty a3 wa destred, then the President should notity the Emperor that after Jan, 1, 1850, the United Htatea will treat the obnoxlous atipulations as at av cod - Both propositious—the bill thut wu passed und the substitute thut we rejecte assumod sllko the full rizht to abrucute the treaty, Whother 1t were Letter to abrogute it after last year's jolnt resolution, or to inform the Emperor of China directly that If he would not consent to the chango *we would mako it auvhow," must be relegated for decislon to the sehionls of taste and otiquette, ‘Tho first propo- sitlon, reating on our clear constitutionnl power, scemed to me a better mwode of proceeding thun to usk the Emperor of China to con- sont to a4 modifleatiun, and * inform- g Wmo st the same timo that, whother _be . consonted or .mot, we would on next New-Year's Day treat * the obnoxious stipulations as at end.” As to the powerof Uongress to do Just what has been dong no one will entertaln a'doubt who examines the wholy question, Au adinsrably suwiary of tha Hght and power {s {on}ul in_un oplnlon delivered by that emlnout. jurist, Benjamin R, Curtls, when e wus u Judge of the United Btates Buprenio Court, Judge Curils suld: 1t cannot bo admitted that the only method of escape (rom a treaty Is by the condent of thoother varly todtora declaration of wur Tu rofuse to executo v treaty for reasons whicn approve them- seives to the conscientions Judument of & nation 18 8 matior of tho utmost gravity; but (Ae pouer (0 4o solea prevogative of whlch no nutlon can be deprived withont deeply affecting is independenee, hat the people af the Unlted Siates havo deprivend their (Jovernment of this poter 1 do not nelfeve, 'Fhat It must realds somewhere, and bo appiicable o ail casen L am convinced, and I feel no dovht that it betongs to Congress. Seventh~A great denl lins been eald abont the danger to our trado it na should resort to rome form of rotaliation, ‘Fhe natural und per- tinent retaliation is to RESTRICT AMERICAN IMMIORATION TO CHINA. Against that we will enter no_protest, and shounld have no rieht to do so. ‘The talk about China closing ler ports to our trade ia made only by those who do not underatand the ques- ton, “Lust year the total amountof ourcxporis to all Chineso ports outaido of Hong-Kone was but $602,000. 1 have codled Ilumr-‘i(mu: a Chi« neac port, bt every child knows that it tsunder British vontroly and If wa were at swar with China to-day llunn-konn would be as open to us aa Liverpool, To sveak of Ching punlshing us by suspending trade Is anly the suggeation of dense fznorance, Wa pay China an immeneo balunee {n cotn, nndl probably we alsrays shall do it. Hut, It the trade question bhad the importance whiel somu have erroncously attributed (o it, I woud not aeek fta continunsice by permitting a viclous Immigration of Chinese coolies. 'Uhe Britlsh merchants eried out that comneree would bo rutlned if England rnnlntnd destroying the sluve trade. Dut history does not record it {-,u land sacrificed her honor by ylelding to the Eighth<The attemnt mnde from different quarters and with different motives to Justify naltreatment of the negro in- the Bouth on the aamo ground that we refuse to recejve the Chineac 18 stenally Boghal, It the negro pop- wintion of this coitntry, domlciled here for cen- turies, have no more rights under our Govern- ment and no more ground for appeal to our pro- fection than the coolies who are stitl in China, then allegiance, and batlotulity, nnd * the flag * aro worse thun meaningless, Observe that, this discussion 1s not in regard to the Chinese now on our shores—for they are entitfed to legal protection.—but in rezard to the countlees Tliordes who nay come upon us it we leave the way open, The very vlass of gentlemen who make this argument are the same who refl to permil the Chincse to become nnturnlized uid to nequire suffrage. In o Republle, with suflrage so geacral, it is impossible to have with sulety n proseribed and disfrauchised race, maintain that thore who voted timt the Chinese. should not be naturalized voted in effect that THEY OUGILT NOT TO COME HERE, Ninth—The enlightened religlons sentiment of the Pneific const views with profound alarm the tendeney and effect of unrestricted Chinese fmmigration. The **pastors and delegates of the Congregational ehurehes of California? o year since expressed Alielr “convictlon " thot ¥the Burlingame Treaty ought to be eo modi- ficd by the Gencral Govérnment s to. restrict Chinege immigration,” The Rev. 8. V, Blukes- lce, editor of the oldest religions paper on thy Pactile const, spoke thus in an vflicial adaress: Morcover, wealthy English and American com- panies have oroanized preat money-makitg plans for bringing milllons—It iy trug—cven millions - of these Chincso into our State, and into ull party of the Union; and they have sont out eminsarics into China to indnce the prople, by every Lrue and falsu story, to migrate hiore. ~ Already fico hundred and 7ty thowsand have come, of whom one fun- dred thousand romain, Tho tendency of all this 1a tremendously toward evil; toward vice and abomination: toward all op- puscd to the trno Apirit of Americaniem, anud s very dangerons to our morality, tu our stavtiity, and to oir success Ak a people and a natlon, Mifl- fons more of these Chinceo mnust come 1f not pro- | vented by any legul, or moral, or mobocratle ree straint, increasing Incalenlably by numbers the evils already oxisting: wotle a spieit of race preju- dices and clanship jealousies and & conflict of n- tores.s must be developed, portending possible evil ‘beyond all descrintion, Tu regard to the process of converting and Christiomzing thls people, a missionary who hins Ireen fo the fleld sluce 1840 testillos thiat not onefna thousamd have even nominally pro- fessed o chiango from heathienism, wwl that of this small number nearly one-hall hnd been taught ju missionary ‘schools In China. The same intssfonary says: ** As thev cumo in stlll larger numbers they will more effectunlly support cacli other In their national pecullarlties und viees, becoming siill more conflrmed In heathen fmworalities, with an tofluenee in uvery respeet, incnleulably bud Under what possible sense of duty an” Ameriean ean feel thut he promotcs Christianlty by the process of TANDING CALIFORNIA OVER' TO IEATHENISN, is more than Inm able to discover. ZTenth—1Thls ChliRse question conneets ftaell Intlmately und {nseparably with the labor ques- tlon, Tlielr immizration 8 encouraged by some openly, by many sccretly, beeause their Iabor I8 cheap, The experiment Is a most duncerous ong, Ina Republie where the mau who works carries u ballot In his bands, {t will not do for capitalized wealth to lexislate for cheap lnbor, Wodo not want cheap Inbor; we do not want dear labor, We want labor at fair rutes; at rates that shall give the laborer his fair share, und capltal its fawe share. It more §s sought by cavital, less in the end will be realized, “Tliere {8 not nlaboring man from the Penobsent to the Sacramento who waould not feel nggrieved, outraged, burdened, crushod, by being forced fnto competition with the Jabor and the wages of the Chinese cooly. For one [ will never consent by my vote or iy voleo to drive the utellicent workingmen of Amerlen to thut competitlon aud that degradation. M Garrison apent the best years of an houore 1ife in & coursgeous battle for the freedony nml Almity of lnbor, und for {ts emancipation from thralldom, 1 trust he will not Iessen the erat- {tudo which the workinzmen of Ameries owo hlm tor s noble lead in the paet by an effort now toconsign them o the humiitation and the poverty fnevitablv resulting from the competi- tlon of Chiness cootics, Years ago AMr, Carlylo suld i§nn Amerfean friend, *You will have no trouble {n your coun- try so_long ns you have few people and much land; but when you have mwuch people und littte Tund, your trints witl begin” No one conneceted 10 any munner with the Govermment of 1he Re- public can viow the sltuation without grave concern, At least nine largo States of the South ure DISTURBED Y A RACE TROUBLE, of which no man Is yet wise euourrh to see the end; the central, and larizost, and wealthtest of ou Terrltories fs Belzed by o polyeamous popu- fation which flaunts deflance In fhe face of the Genernl Governent; discontent among un- cmployed thousunds has aleeady manlfested o spirlt “of violenee, and but recently ariested trayel between t) tlantlc and the NMissisalpol by armed nobs, which delled three States and commamted great trunk lines of rallways to canse operations. Practical siatesmanship would suggust it the Government of the Unjted Biutes hus its hands (ull, und that vothing but shieor recklessiiess will furea upon the Ameriean nvopulutian of the Pacltle slope the odious cons tamtuation of the Jowest erade of the Chilnese Jenay bo attempted; but, Inmy judi- b will lead to ‘direful resulty, in which ey und_anurders, und_inassacres will o terribly froquent, Let be proclabined hero nnd now thut the General Governunat will sup- port and mafutaln unrestricted funigration of Chineas coolles, md In leas than-live years o larizer foree than the existive army ofvthie Unlted Stutes will be required to keép penve on the Pacttle slops. 1 feel aud know that I'um pleading the causo of the fres Amerlean luborer, wnlal bls el dren, aml of hig ehildren’s childrea. Iy has been woll sald thut §t (s 1he cause of * the louse agatnst the hovel; of the comforts of the Iree- man agalust the squalor of the slave,”” It has beon churged that my position would arraen labor-saylg wachinery nud condemn it This answer Is not ontv_superileini—it 16 also absurd, Labor-saving maclimery bos multipllea the ]mwer 1o pay, has developed new wants, skl has continutatly enlurged the area of lubor and constuntly advanced the wages of the laborer, But servilo toll hos always drageed free lubor to ita loweat level, und “has stripped it of ono wunlment ulter another untll 4t was helpless nd hooeless, Whaenever thut conditlon comes to the fres laborer of* Ameriea, the republic of equal richta {s gong, and woe shall live under (o worst of olizarchics,—that of mere wealth, whoss profit anly measures thy wretchedness of the unpukl toiisinen thut produce jt, Very ro- specttully, Jadzs G, BLAINE NTVW ZEALAND, TIR NEATUEN CHEATING TROUBLE THERR, They are haViug thele troubles with Al Sin at tho Antipodes.. Wo copy the followlng from the Lyttleton Tims, of New Zealund, Jan. 1: ‘Fho Chincse question hins penotrated at lust to New Zealoud, The questlon has, of course, al- wuys been present to the publie wind of these isluuds, for there are newspapers, and these aro 1n the habit of publishing from time to thute tha utterances of the Engllsh and Amerlean journals upon the subjeet, us well a8 extracting fromthe ruports of the many discussions that take place in varlous parts of the Empire upon it. ‘Fhe Chinese question caunot therefora)bs sald, In this sense, to havo penetrated to New Zeuland, It fs on account of yecent events in Now Bouth Wales that “public attention fu somo parts of New' Zealund hus beon aroused. A large steam - mavigation company, the A, 8. N, Co'mpnuy.‘ whose head- quurters wre at Byduey, got into a difficulty not many weeks azo with {ts - gcamen und fire- men, The grlevance of these employes wus the employmeut of Chivese seamen oty of course, & lower rate of wuges than the- European seamen were rocolving, ‘Thu reasqn @yen by the Directors was that ju tropleal waters they were campelled, n order ¢ able tocampete with thefr rivals fn the steun earrging trade, to emplog the Chinese eheap tabor, The men were dinxatiafled, probably fearing that the employsy ment of the objectionablq element [n trovieal waters (s onlv the prelnde to s successful rivalry with their services in Colonial waters, They therefore determined Lo strize, nud thiey dld “so In the 1ost orderly, methodical, anil complete manner, Av a certain hour on the nppotnted dav, every ship iyl the A, 8, N, Mg In Syduey was quletly ubundonad by the Egropean saflors mu‘ firemen. Later, all the wharl laborers jolned 1 the stelke, nnd for n time the coal miners of Newenstle followed thefe example, by relusing o get up eoal intended for fhe A 8, N, vessels, Popular feeling was *ltstedd, public mectinga pranounced nealnat Chi- nieso hnportation and memorltlized 1he Govern- sment of New Bouth Wales, That Government has, in reply, intimated s’ resolution ta resort to the ald policy of a poll tax on every Chinae man entering the country, In Wellndion soma tradesmen Lonk up the matter, und the result was u publie mecting, which folliwed the ex- le of 1he meetinga held ot Nydney, Fomge members of the Government have infi- mated ther wilingness to sipport m 8 that wlil sake Chinese fmportation on a large reale impossible, but what they are to be hns not been modaclear. ‘This 13 In contrast 1o the rpeech of Mr, Stout last seselon, who deprecat. il early actlon wiien speaking to the motlon— which fell through, by the way—of Mr. . Rlueves to vestrain Chinese dmmieration. Agitatlon is gotng on fn other centres of population to n- duee the publie to take the matter un, hut as yet witbout success, It I8 not easy tosay whether such nttemnpts will bo succeastul, Trobably they will not, beeause the rmall num- her of Chineee {n this colony rather relegutes 1he Chinese question to the “obstract, st e abstract has 110 eharns for the popular mind, 1t the aueation should be taken up with warinth, It s certain to lead to restretive actlon by the Legisiature. 11 8o, there will be 8 nice guestion ralsed about Imipertal interesta. CALITORNIA, THANKS, BAN Fraxcisco, Cal., Feb. 25.—The delegates to the Pacific Turnbezirk of the North Amerl- can Turners’ Unfon, In convention assembled, snanlmously passed the following resvlutlon: 4 Tnat the thanks of this body are duo to those Representatives und Senators whio fo nobly stood up und voted for the Antl-Chinese bill," DY A PERSON WIHO KNOWS. 8ax Fuaxcisco, Feb. 24.—The Rev. Allan Curr, who has been visiting the 8tate for the Just four months, in" his farewell lecture nt the Flrst Baptist Cliurch, lust night, toached for the first tImo an the Chineso question, Jlgsald he had muda it a careful’ study, and had no hesita- tation o saying thut those fn this Btate have as perfect a rizht to stay and be protected us auy other people under the solemn riglits of {he treatv, At the same time he was satisfled that it would bo better for the country if they had never come and if they should all o away, thought the Presldent. should slin the bil, hie did not, the people must wait patiently untll Taws ure passod which will relleve.them of their presence. THE CONSTITUTIONAL, CONVENTION. BAN Fraxcisco, Feb, 24.—The Constitutional Convention to-uny adopted the following: Renolred, That the thanks of this Convention archerony tendered to the Conzressof the United States for the triumplant passsce ol the bill re- stricting the fmumeration of Chineso to, this country, anil _that the members of the Senafe and House of Hepresentatives who supported tiut vital meaenre merit and will recetve the lasting erati- tude of the people of Californin. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. At n spaclal meetlng of the Chumber of Com- merce this afternoon the following resalutfons were ndupted und ordered telegrapidd to Presf- dent Hayes: lesolred, That tho Chamber of Commerce of the City of San Franclsco, a3 n_commercinl bory, and uideratanding, ns we necessarily do, the beotic, object, und DREpOTE of the il fust pandcd Cungrees known us the bill to- restrict Chineso iin- migration, and which bill s to e, or lms been, ~urecented to the Presfdent for his slenuture, unrncmln. dispassionately, and dellberately recommend his approval of the bil in the interest of Amerienn tereitory, American labor, Amrerican peaca, Ameriean commerce, Anerican hisme philunthrophy, American protection to the wmost valued zocin! {ntercsta‘of the Pacific cost, and on the broad ground of wisely and _tmely gunrding modern clvilization and” Christlunity agabtist wocial contact with overwhelming nunibers of ancient and jucornigiole social barburism upon Ameriean sol, Our langnage {8 concive, We mean L toy bo commrehensive to the last degree, — and - whey we recommend tho appraval of the bill i the (nterests of American Inbor we mean Lo protect IL from tho -descendine grade toward squalidiess and want, snd, when Wo rofer (o Americas peace, We mesn' pro- tection from war of ruces and calamtlcs that fol- low In the train of race prejudices where no nseimilation is possible and no wocial sympnthies exist In comton, The judgment of the West on this subject, which 18 overwhelming, should bo re- gnraed by the East an conclusive, “Wo aro on the ground, and know whereof we sneak, Gronie C, PEiKINY, Presldent, Monnss Mancus, Secretary. The question of cnlnnt: n public mass-meel- I was veferred to the Mayor with o request that ho act without delay, A COMUARISON, ‘The San Franclseo Journa! of Commerce, in an article favoring the restriction. of Chineso ln- |||ly1rntlun.gl\'cn some curefully prepored sta- tlales of 1he haluuee of trade between Chinn mn(nr: Unlicd Stptes, showhue that the total fmports and exports to wnd from Ching, - a8 en- tered at the Custum-1Touse i this city, for 1877 winl 878, wero us follows: Exportd, $35,020,- 8125 mports, §14,804,017. Of these exports 428,552,230 represent coin and bublfon. The ex- port trade, such ns it Is, Is mainly o Chinese s, whilo the imvort trade, when we exclude goods used by our Chinese population, s w mere buzutelte, - R S SPELLING REFORM. To the Lditor of The Tribune. Cutrcaqo, Feb, H.~Some one signing himscit “\Wm, M, D" disposes of “Vox's" epelling- reforin suzgestions very curtly, and with a sneer umd o wave of the hund cousigns them to limuo, TBut they are not to bo disposed of so summarlly. More than thirty-five years ago fitman wid Ellls Introduced their system of “ Ihonotypy,” und commeuced the publication of o wouthly ®Phonotypic Journal, 'The prin- cipal lnld down was this: * In phondeypy cach distinet sound and articulation i ropresented by n distinet better, Each futter represents only one sound, und all words aro to ve spelled by the letters or sounds of which they are actuully composed.” Then follows thulr‘. alphabetic kcheine, Threo letters—k, g, und x—wero thrown out, ‘To ¢ was assigned the power of k, mul seventeen new choracters wero added, mukhyz un alphabet of forty letters, This wos in 1843, The uext year Andrews & Boyle start- el thelr Ang'o-Sagon weekly newspaper I New York, priuted in the ncw phonotynySol Plunan wid Elhs, with sllcht “woditiation, Quite 0 numbor of books wers publlshied iy Eogzlund wnd Amerlea in the now phonde style, und u dletlonary was brought out, For a thmo thers was created considerablo intorest in fuvor of the new style of spelling, After the novelty of the thing wore ofl nearly all fulerest in it died out. 'The so-called “re- form** was seen Lo ho a revolution, and, in fact unnfhllation of the orthodox orthozeaphy and typographiy, und the people sunimuril rqcu(ud 1. Binee ilien * phoulc refurmors,” like *Wm, M. D, have been mecting In annual con- ventlons und disputing and” wrangling oyer shades of vocal suund, und quarrelng as to whether they should employ thirty-cight, or forty, or forty-thres letters, und which must go, ¢ of k, whether this sound or that s 8 surd, 8 sopum, o asplrate, & gutturel, o subtople or an atonle, @ palaal, o linguul, dental, lablal, ur coguate, or what not. But they cau never agres on their alphabet, ‘The nearest concord la, that it sliould Do an outlapdish mixturs of Roman, Greck, und fuvented characters, but how inany thero ure to Le, or what shape and sounds they shall baye, the revolutiondsts can never agree upon; awd It matters nol whether they over agree, as the publlle will vever aceept ' tmougrel alphabot, The Romuan letters must stand, and L is uxcuudlnfily questionuble whother — the peopls will © ever consent to thy ad- ditiun or subtructim ot cven owe lettor, It 8 posslble they may consent to a reform in the mode of spelllng, but they will not by par- ties to o Pitman revolution, They may vermit the eltmiuation of silent und supcrflvous letters n a word, Iike ugh in though aud K, w, d, o from acknowledge, or ue from tongue, aud half-u- dozen letters trom comptroller, ‘They may *lul ¥ without the Yugh' and no enuf to drop the k-wunl o gh, but whatover 18 changed, added, or substituted must bo in Roman, nnd uot in Greek, Chnese, pr mongrel characters, ‘Fhe presont spelling analyses must also be proverved, simply because the people will not consent to chanugde them. ‘Thus, inul e s 0 general rule s & slun that the vowel preceding tho last con- sonsnt wmust be pronounced Yot For ex- ample,s iu the wonl rat the als “short; add ‘6 und the word Dbecomes rute with @ loug, so plu becomes vlue, uot becomes note, them becomes theme. ‘Lhe employment of this Hual s docs nway with the excuse for n. ventlng uud interpolating flue new vowel lotters, uoue of whish the publle witluger adopt or hiave auything to do with, Whure words end with a vowelno snced be sadeds a8 It is used ouly after a coneanant to indicate the long sound of the preceding vowel. Jt will be more acceptable to the publie to retain this flua) e slgn than to mark the vowels whien thes are uxed “lang,"” and fofipitely more than to Invent batf a dozen new vowel slens and wdd to the number of the alphabet, ns Pitman mud Kllia and thelr follow- era bave valnly eodeavored Lo do. ‘The only Sretorin " that stands uny chance of adovtlon fs that which makes no chanes fn the alphahnot and followa the general anslogles of the exist- s orthography Vox. DEMOCR ——— ¢ 3 TIC GAMES. Tilden Tactien Pruactieed In Towa as Far Back nn 1887, Srectal Correspondence of The Tridune, Dyrs Moixes, In, Feb, 22.—Busing up Re- turning Boards, stuMog batlot-hoxes, stealing baltot-loxes niel poll-ooke, are not new things with the Democratie party. It Isan old zame; and, winle public attention is just now attract- ed by the Potter Investiation, 1ot medrefer to a littioof the Tilden tactics practleed in lows as far back as 1847, When this State was fivat organized, and even when lowa was s Territory, it was under Deno- cratfe rule. In 1847 there was an election of State Superintendent of Publle Tustructlon, Jomes [inrlap, who was then conneeted with the Aendemy at Mt Pleasant, o Methudist preach- e, nud consldered u rising grenius, who hed mude himself guite well known by roveral brifliant publie sp waos eleeted. This made the Demovrats miad. It was an Imnovation upon thelr pacred right to hold office, At oncea rehieme was concocted to prevent him from tak- Ing the place, It wus attempted to make the electlon fllegal for want of proper notice, but this failed, und, a4 a fiaal effort, Elisha Culver, then Seeretary of State, refuged to give Harlun a gertifleate of electlon. The followlng yenr, 1448, fhere were two vlee- tious,~oue In August, for two members of Con- peres, State oflicers, ntul members of the Legis- lature; and one ln November, to chovse Prest- dential Electors, for the first time In the State. Lewls Cass mvt Zachary Taylor were the Presl- dentlal eandidates, ‘Fhe Democratie Electors were Gen, A, C. Dodge, Lincoln Clark, John Selmon, and Juseph Witliams; the Whix Eleet- ors were Fitz-tieary Warren, W, 11 Wallace, Jessa Bowen, ami Thomas J. McKean, For Stste oflleers the Democrata nominated all the old fncumbents except Catity, who fiad made himself 5o unpopular by bis conduct towards Harlan that they did not dure to riak bim. This was the fiest tine the Demnocratie conclave was broken fn lows, und to Jates Hartun belongs the luuor of stepving foto the breach. The Staté was divided {nto two Congressional Districts. In the Sccond Distriet, Willlam Thompson was the Democratic eundidate, nmd Daulel F, Miller the Whiz candidate, The Mor- mons had mude thelir hegira from Nauvgo, nind Joeated in what s now Pottawattainie County, There were avott 10,000 of themn, and it was thought they could cast 1,00 voies. As they had tu Illinols always voted with the. Deni- ourats, ‘Thompson’s friends were eangulue pt his success, although it was known it they wery controlied by Orson Hyde, thelr lender. Early fn the campaten [yde went to Burling- ton, and held o consultation with Fitz-Henry Warren, ostensiply on some private matter. It was soon rumored that he had nledeed the Mor- mon vote to the Whize, {f the Mormons were allowed to vote, . This created great excitement n the Democratie e, for the Mormon vote would dechde the contest; s schemes were at ouce started to cat the Mormons out, It had been ordered that an clection for the orwaniza- ton ot Pottuwatinmic County should be held fu April, wod W, 8. Townsend, n Demoeratle Snerhf, was charged with the duties of gwving the prover preliminury notiee. He concluded ot to act} 5o the county was not organized,nnt the Morons were Jeitoutm the cold, so to speak, But they were determined not to be thwarted, und “they applied to the Commission- era of the county to -prant them a fownship, for the purpose of electing Juatlees of the Peace and Constablesy and__ that the clection might be hel ot Kanesvlile, now Councit Blulls, They so framud the petition that the township-bolimda- rica took Inull the Mormon scttlers. ‘Ilie pe- itfon was pranted, and eseitenient then ran L Alter the clectlon the poll-books were returned to Albin, the countv-scat of Monroe County; which then embraced all the western purt of the State, The meeting to count the votes was held §n an o'd log house, with 2 lovse board floor. The Democrats were on hand. ‘The Demoeratic Clerk refused to revelva the ro- turns from Kupesville Towuship,—the Demo- crats ngistime that the Mormons had no right to vote; tlut they were only o parcel of vagn- honds und aliens. The Democrats sleo elulmed thnt the Conunlssioners bad uo rixht or power to organiza the townshin, The fizht waxed hot s and, during the diseussion, in the dim lght of tallow dips, one evening, the poll-buoks were Knocked on the floor, uid o couvenient Demo- erutle boot ehucked them through the cracks in the floor. After ihe meeting adjourned, dsrael Kelster, n good Demticrat, fished up the re- turns wwd put themn away, O course, the vote of Kanesyille Township was counted out, sl Vo, Thompson declured “elected by a voto of to 6,007 For Miller. It was gonu nscer- ed that the Mormons bud gmven Miller 44 votes, und Thompsou thirty, which would give Milier ufaety mujurity; \nltmu‘mn Miler de- cided to contest the clectlon, und employed the ‘Hon. Charles Muson, o gaod Democratle law- yer, tu work up bis case. Ou golugz 1o Mason's oilleo one day Lo prepure vapers for kg testi- mony, Mason turnea the contents of his earpet- be “on a table, when out rolled the missing pule-books of Kunesville Townstip. — Miller looked ut Mason with much surprise; when Muson asaured hilu he was cutleely fgnorant as to how they come there, fle was” on his way from court, In the northern part of the State, homeward, and stopped at a hotel In Albla ou the night the poll-books dlsappeared. Some one must hove wsecrcted them In ~his carpet-uag, Miller accepted the explanation, contested the election betore Congress, nnd was seated, During the contest it was asserted that while, a8 u matter of inct, Mason did not know the contents of bis traveling-bag after ho lelt Albly, It was also trus thut he took good care not to know, At the next Senatorial election the Democrats repeated the old - gume in_the orgaulzation of Portawattumis County, By the connlvance of Demovratie Sherils, tho notlees were deferred or defanlted untll the Democeats lud 8o manipu- <t ntlulrs that they were seeure of a majority mtinge out und disfrunchi the ~Mor- mous; ninl Ayeustus Cresar Dodize nnd Georgs Washington Joues were elceted Seoutors by tie first Lemslature of Tows, Miller came home and became u Demovrat, mind to-dny is the most ultra Bourbon of the puck. 1t falely pives him the rables to see o Republican in oftiee, “The stolen poll-bouka’ was the death-kuell of the Demovratic party in lowa, It rang out in overy corner of tho State, aud the party was buried i oblhiviong uind for twenty-tive years past has con- tontpd fiself with once’s vear getting together uud Lulubmllng its funeral, e ——— A Btory from Resl Life. Hariford Courant, Soma_thirty years ngo the New York & New Huven Ruwlrond bud Just beeun running on a slugle truck, Ono alternoon u eountry boy of about 15 was stutting near the track ut's crogs roud half-way hetween Stamford nud Darien, flo Dieard u Lrali coming from the Jatter stutlon just ut u Now York twain came o sight from'the opposite direction, He ran to the track, nud, waving his hat, caught the atcention of the en- gineor, und by nis carpest wanaer aud his point- 1ye in the opposite difectlon, convineed him that atrain was coming round the bend. He tn- stantly upplled rulees nind stopped his train iusl. In tino to cseape o dlsastrous colllson. ‘The taflroad Company expressed s wratitudo at the time by the preseut of o valuable sliver eup and a life pasa over the roud. A year or two luter the boy was tuken fntothe employ of the Company and fustrueted in mechanleal voglneering, for which ho vxiiibited marked abtlity, He wad un Industipus worker, honest, intellgent, nml mnvltious, s rose to a respousible und luera- tive position with the Company. e settled in New Haven, whero his worth “was recognized, nnd he was chosen to o number of huborutle oftices, all of which ho filled with the sume han- esty i eftieien To-day ho 18 o Dircetor and Ueneral Buperintendent of o manufactur- g establshinent, ls u Director of the Yalo Nutlonul Bank of New Huven, s intorested In hall a dozen or wore profitable manulactories, und s ono of the most praminent wmd reapected, as ho I8 one of the beat, cltizens of the Elin City and of the State, 1o represouts tho city at present dn the General Asaembly, his name belng John Harrls Leeds, sl his native mod- vsty will probably cause him to vbject to Lhis brivt sketeh, which fs written becauso the lesson it teaches s valuuble otic, e e r Paris Manager, Parts Careespandence Londun IWorid, I notica thut the departure of M. Halauzier, the munsger of the Parls Grand Opura, 19 hailed by the whols host of subscribors with alwost as great u satisfuctivn as was once it of oue of lits predecessors fn oftice, M. Dupouchel, 'The latter entertained such o folble for luxurlous seenery thut hu used to curtall 'er‘ othier ex- pense, amd o vne veeaston eapeciatly he wentso fur as declining, for economy’s sake, to rouew his sgresment with the tllustrious premi‘ere danscise, Allle, Tawllonl. "Fhere wes 8 keuvral outery in An Unpopul > % Parts, Indiznation meatings werk held, in which the tizad f” Dugoneiel was tetaphorlcally de- voted Lo the gnillotine, Tts papier-mache résem- blance was thrown upon the ptage, nmong heaps of flowers wnd honquets, b the benefit of the lady; a wae even ven- tured to send . round Invitations (o the funeral of the uofortunate manager, M. THalanzicr hias heen apared such ohnoxious man- festations, Tt the Parts papers have genarally wranted him what Is ealled ncross the Channel un coterrentent de premiere classe, ‘The great eanae of his unpopularity waa thut he chose to make money with the Paris opera,—an unwar- rantable sin io the eyes of o Parisian dilettantl, M. Tlwlanzler retircs, alter a manngement of eeven years, on something like £203,000 not profity st play-goers ealeatate, not unnaturally, fhnt 4t wonld “have been much better InapnnJ fhut smount n presenting to them firat-rato sinwers, “The Aesdemlo Notlonate de Musique Wil councquentiy, for the fifth or alxth time In Its history, return to State management. ‘Then, I gomo ten or elve years, iLvill be Sound agnin that It is a most expensive loxiry, aml another enterprising. manager will tirn wp who will moke a forttne ot of what proverl o heavy burden to the Stat, —— JUDGE LYNCH IN T0WA. End of an Old Morder-Cnee, Eyertat Carrespondence of The Tribune, Dus Motsis, da, Feb, 21,—Twenty-flve years 020, when the population of Central Towa was sparag, mil the law was searcely enforeed, the State was overrun with thieves und outlawa, The ploneer settlers, seattered thinly over the conutry, whose little wealth conslsted of horses, cattle und hows, were grreatly Rnnoyed by these roving vagubonds, who stolo thele atock, To nursue nid recover them waa a useless attempt by nuy tegal provess, for, before the machinery of the law was i inotiou, the thleves and thelr plinder were beyoud reach. The spoliation was borne unill It could be endured no longer. Tt was a «question whether or not stock-rafsing sliould ccase, or the people becowe n law unto themsclyves, Self protee- tlon, the law of vature, led to the organization of Vigilance Socleties all over the thief-ridden gection; und the frequent evidences of thelr work, dangling from branches of trees, soon struck terror from the costern portion of the State through this county to Southwestern Towa and the Missourl State line. Tie stocking of Missourl with Towa horses and catile grad- uslly ceased; and, when wood order agaln pre- vailed, Vigllance Societlvs vanfshed, and thelr membera beenme good wid T qgulet cltizens, About that time a notorious horec-tud-cattie- thief was followed from Tama County to this eity, where lie hid omoni his®gang, cone slsting of u fomily living o Bhort dis- fance . from the ecity. ‘The secttlers in this county, who had” lost mueli stock, were, of course, ready to aid in the arrest of the tineves, They had thus far been foreed through terrorism to attempt no defense. The thief was finglly eabtured in the then vilinge, and atarted toward Tama County. A few days aofter, his body was found dangling from a'tree by the road-side, There was no mare horse-stealing between here and Tama County. Of course, the authcrities, to malntal the majesty. of the Inw, offered a reward for the murderers, and made a show of virtnous Indlznation: but the vox pop- ull satd ft was all right, umd the matter went by default, After the affair hud been forgotten, nud ulmost a new ceneratlon of people had come, the old settlers, in some of thelr pather- iuys, related the events of thoss early days, and gove the names of particlpants, Among those who took part In the eapture of the Tama- County horse-thiet was Lemuel W, Sinall, one of the most estimable citl- zens of this couuty. year nzo, Romne man, with a view to cet the réward offered ‘for the murder, eaused the indictment of Small. He was tricd, He hod as bis counsel W. II. Me- Henry, who so bungled und mismavaged his case that he was convicted, to the surprise of everybody., A'wew trial was granted, and Jast ‘Tuesday s case was called again. lic had no but threo of bis old _{friends—the Hon, Caossady, the Hon. Isanc Brandt, and James Porter—appeared before the Court, it appealed to its zood semse and judement. Twelve hundred eitizens of Tama County also .slzned o petition that the case bedismissed. Ac- cordingly, the District Attorney moved that the case bo dismiased to which Juidge John Shano replled that he did not belleve a convietion could be bad on the testimony, nud he wos will- Ingz to take the responsibility” of dlsmissing the cage, ou the ground of putlic polieys aud Small wan dismissed, and thus relieved ol the imputa- tlon which bos hung over himn for twenty-five years, -+ YERNON COUNTY, WIS. Renources — Italirond — Virogun— Scenory — Tralo — Bullding, Ete, To the Editor of The Tridune, Vinoqua, Wis,, Feb, 20.—The visitor to Ver- non County for the frst time will naturally wonder how a countrs with such fertlle farming Tands, aud possessing so muny natural resources, has remnined so loniz without rallroud fucilitics, —for to-day there fs oot u foot of ratlroad-track within ber borders. For yeurs the grain, pro- duee, and Hve-stock of thie® county have con- tributed to the building up of LuCrosso and Spartn, and of late yesrs the retull trude of those places has consisted largely Ju what came from our vouuty. For twenty years our people haove cunght at every rallrosd-sclicime proposed, ond {n several Instunces Lave voted lberal ald; but unt!l last summer were disuppolnted fn al thelr efforts. Lost swmmer, ex-Congressman J. M. Rusk und Mr. N. McKte, ono of our wealth- Jest husiuess men, appreclatiug the need of the county, und realizing thut our peonle were nouring wealth fnto Sparta and LuCrosse, lu- stead of building up & commerclal city n our own county, made determined efforts to wive us a rallroad, and succceded so well that th cars ure now running from Sparts, “the northern terminus, to Melving, slontoe County, twelve miles distants oud the Culeago, Milwau- kee & 8t. Paul Rallway agree to finfsh the road through to Viroqua by July 1 next. Ties nid bridge-thnber are slready on the ground for nearty the whole distance, und it 18 proposed to push the work ot grading ns soon as the [roat s out of the ground. "The road will run from Sparta, through Leon Vulley, Melviua, Plne Hollow, ML, Plseab, uud Coon” Prairie, to Virogua, thirty-two miles, Leaving Bparta, the line ruus through a narrow valley -for sixteen miles till the summit s reachied,~the grade tor four miles bemg 195 fect tu the mile, - After gettie on the summit, the countrs for the next sixtecn mlles to Viro- qld 13 us beautiful as the eye of man ever guzed upon, cousisting of Hine prairic-farms., Viroquu fs sltusted upon one uf the highest clevatiuns {n Wisconsin, uid has been in exist- ence about thirty years. ‘The yilloze is natned afteran Indion malden, the daughter of a Win- In every direction the country aest seonory, prominont amonis at rocka: ihe Three Chlmncys, towerlug more than 100 feet heaveuward, and ononvof whichisa plain vrotlis of Benjamin Frangling the Court-tlouse rock, nnd mony others whieh 1 huvo not space to niention. O the east of us 18 the Kickapoo River, with its wild scenery, uear whose banks grows the inest hurdwoud fimber fn the Northwest,—walnut, ush, vk, muple, sid _some plue, On the west the country is watered by the Bag Ax Diver nud Iunumerable trout-streains. Bouthwest of Viro quu lles what §s known us West Prairie, which 18 equally us tino aa the pralrie north. Viroqun hus (lyo general stores, ong hurdware store, Lwo newspapers, six lawyers, two hotels, unml three blucl nmiuunf estnblishmcents, cons neeted with each of which i3 a wugon-manufuct- urlg shiop, ‘The Methodlsts nml?.‘mnureuuuun- allsts cactt have o church, Four wiles north of thevillagze, tn Viroqua ’l'u\\'uumr. the Norweglan Lutheraus have erceted o hanlsome stong churcli-editice, at an expense of §27,000, Ahout one-halt of the 25,000 (nnabitauts of Vernon County nre_Scandinavians, sud they arg o thrifty, pradent class, ‘They are thie bone und stuew of the county,—taklng lauds at whicn an Amerienn would not look und tilllug them to wlvantate, ‘They are s pationt, plodding method- fea) provle, willing to sceumutate slowly, and not expeeting riches in a day, Our Germun pop- ulation arv ulso a thrifty, prudent people, vearly all of whom are in goud circumstances, Already a conslderable number of business- men from other localities have been beres, uid 1 of them will return fn the spring to wreet bulldings and o futo business, ‘Uhe best of butlding-stone is found {n unifulted quunti- ties within a mille of the village; und, ut7the rices ut which it ean be Jald down in Viroqus, hulidings can be erectea yery nearly as cheaply us of wood, Ho who las ever taken a trip throuch the countey ean reudily goe thut Virogua, with raile roud faciities, {8 destined to do un fumenss trade, Moro than o withion hushels of surplus wheat are raleed within the towns tributary to the village, uud will be murketed bere. This of fseif witl ake an Innuenss mercautilo bust- Liess, in coniclusion, Viroqua's latch-string is out, and shio luvites the buslaess-iait sceking u locas tlon to cowe und sco her, look the ground over, und draw bis owu concluslons, Yinogqua. e Another Wondoriul Inventlon, Tnmish papess tell of a new luvention of o) wiraraeter, which has just been mede by A woer, the wellknown Euglish uiechanles coglueer, 14 18 & peal telegraphic Tho achine, Thewriter, in London, moyes his pen, and simultancotisly at Brighton another pen {s moved a8 though by o phantorn _haud, in precisely almilar curves nnd writing. 'The writer | writes in London, the k marks In Brighton, Those who bave acen the machine worlk, say It ils a marvel quita ns startling as those of tho telephone-pen at recelving, und has ail the np- pearance of belng gulded by n splrit-hand, The apparatus Is shortly to bo_made public before * the Boclety of Telegraph Englncers. A faa simlle of ihe writing produced by this tele- graphic writing-machine shows that the words sre formed without any lifting of the pon, and perfeetiy legible, L] ABOLISH TREATING. The New Temperanco Scheme Springing Into Poputnrity=An KEclectio I'lan of Itefs ormation. New York Herald. “Treating " constitutes one of the chict perite atteching to the custom of Imbibing splrituous liquors, and there are few persons who could not, it free from ita sbackles, restrict the in® dulgence of thelr thirst to a decent moderation, A man meeting & group of his fricnds just as he Is bent on obtalning his alternoon nllowanco of Ysherry and bitters” must, if he does not violate usare and if he wishes to do what 18 ox- pected of hitn, ask them all to {oln kim. Bup- poxe the whole party to number soven. Seven drinks are poured down seven throats, willlog or unwilling. What {s the Immedlato result rf thls hospitaiity? 8ix other Individuals feol themsclves mortgaged with an obligation ta equal it. There may be o' little chat, and then some ono sags: Al let's have anothér drink!" Then seven more drinks are poured down seven throats. - More talk, Another. happy thought by another member of the party. Seven more drinks descend the seven throats, Mure talk, A fourth luspiration by n fourth participant. Some ono who lias dous his fated duty tries to beg off; has business to transact; ought not to deink suy inore, this objection is vetoed by the asking party, who 4 aircaqy ullnhuf' stimulated perhaps. “No shirking, ole fetler, come onl” Repotition of the gulping act by seven performers. Every ono fcels tha mellowing Influcnee by this timie, * Charley" says No. 8ix affectionately to the genius of tho bar, “@Ivs *nather! 1l hands round!?” Encors the feat of seven men swallowing scven drinks. No. Scven's turn has arrived,. Tho bappy relict s neur. He lappens to be the Jeast experfenced of the party, 1lois already full of biiss. 11is words are few but exoressive. “8et 'em up again, hiel” Up they go, and then down they ro—seven tnore drinks, Let us sce, Seven tunes soven are forty-nine, And all be- cause one man iclt like taking a little “sherry and bitters.” Perhiaps ho goes home to bis din- ner afterward. Perhaps he don’t. Perhaps he 1ails to see his wife nnd mother-in-law until the next day. Such {slife in a country where “treat- ng? §a the custom, ‘I'here are a hundred phases of the evil. Not the Jeast ludlerous is thie plight in which a tip- pler finds nimself swhen he meets at the bar o number of acquaintances, und Is doubly con- selous that he has not enongh money to tm around and cannot got eredit for the requisito uuinber of drinks. Remarks something ltke the above wero ad- dressed to a fleradreporter by o gentleman who Is an enthusiast in the new temperance move- ment. ‘The reporter afterward patda visit to Mr. 1tenry H, Hadley, a lnwyer, whose ofllce fa in the Astor Houde, one ot the chiof promoters of the Business Men's Soclety for the Prouio- tfon und Encouragement of Moderatlon, 4 Our fide,” said Mr. Uadley, * bad ts origin fn 1870 at a meeting of the Congresslonal ‘lom- perance Suclety shortly after thé deuth of Ileory Wilsan, That event, It was said, was fmmedi- ntely caused by the exceas whien he fuduleed fn at the dinner given bim at Delmonico’s, It was sugeested by ma that much niore good night be done for the temperance cause by laboring to {nduce men to be moderate fn thelr fndul- genee than by preaching the doctrine of total abstinence, We thluk it better you know to go alone with a man u lttlo wav on’the path which he hos chosen than to stop him at the steep deeltvity wnere there s dunzer on elther sido of his talling to greater depths,” “But your ulttmnte alm {3 to induce men to be total abstaiuers? 4Yes, where they cannot drink without cet- ting drunk, We have nothing to say acalnst wine to euch us can controf themselves In partaking of it, We think that a man {8 much more lkely to keep the pledgo for o fixed term than he would be for all his life, Nonan can louk forward with confidence tu his ability to fuhiil & prumise whieh covers oll of his future life, 18 your soclety yet organized? “There I8 o nucleus of Hve trustees, whoso .. number mny be inereased to thirtcen, Thore that are yet to be added will be sciected trom the highest sociol, business, and public positions, We are nlrcads assured that one or Lo Scnators and four Representatives will serve, but I am not at liverty to mention thelr nmnes, Our sys- tem of reform tends toward total abstinence, but by a gradual progress, uind at the same tine ft_recognizes rights of the manufacturers und sellers of intoxicating beverages. . We -believe we shall guly an jmmende following amoug young men. [ wus asked by the members of the Cungressional Temrerance Boclety to per- fect o plan for this movement, und they pro- mixed to co-operatorwiths us, buth by thelr advica ad their Inflzence.” 2 ‘The blue pledge of the soclety, which re- nounces only the practive of *‘treating,” is etnvellished ‘with an emblem representiog a pelican brovding her young, und hnvluf; tha tnseription: ‘41 Tive and dio for thoss I fove.” On the buck of this and also of the other two cards is the following hymn: Why should you delay any longer; Titrn about and retorm while you can, Each dav s the appetite etronuer, Each day arg you less of u man, The chatun of the Lyraut now sever, ‘Tha flanice of destruction subdue. 'To abstatn from the wine cup furever, 1s tho oniy salvation for you, Cuonvs—Wa offer the red, white, or biue; In the pledee there {8 satety for i’nu: For the good and the glury of manhood, Hurrah! for the red, white, and blue, And you who refuse to surrender "' pleasures in which you dolight, Onl list to plea as we tender The vledge, yes, the pledgo that 1s white, trive 1o 7eslat the temptation, When bielness attontion demands, For the vake of your own roputation Let thy glass uot be secn 1u your hands, And, though i“ aro strong, thero's a brothee Wha {s woak, oud, for fear of offcuse, Do not offer the lass to another, Or drluk at another's exnense, By even this slight wolf-doflu} Just think of the good you can dot Thou faithtully give It a trinl, Auil tako now the pledge that isblnet . ‘The white card has a cut of an aquatlc scens, in which several beavers aru ludustriously engoged fo bnlding their houses, The pledge fs worded so as to renounce drinking durlug the nours of the day which muy ho requiced for husiness, ‘The red “card {s intonded for thosa who desire to promise tutal abstinence fors certaln perlod. It contoins a cut of tho Clty Huil fountalv fo full play. On all tho cards the legend ** Aurea mediocritus,” ‘WIilL there be uny expense attached Lo mem- berahipt? asked the reporter, “Not to the mere signing of the Elcllg:. Tha rules of the subordinate clubs will bo framed by thewmselves, ‘hero §s already su organization in Puiladolphin.” s Part of our Ides,” continued Mr, Hudley, “fs to make places of smuscment a8 cheap a8 ruaslbln aud Lo establish some at which nnt‘llng ntoxivating 18 sold. We have ulready hod from manufacturers otfers to loan us mare billlayd tubles than we cun possibly make use of," W Are you o tectotaller Yoursel(1"” #¥es; not becauso I disupprove eutirely of whisky, but bocause it Is bettor for mo {n soma reapects, Drinking would make mo too fleshy, ‘I'he toet §s_you will find no two stumachs alike, any mora than you whil ind two tacos the suins, What will do for ono person will not do for an other, Wo aro trying to mect this diversily of conditious, One ‘thing wo would ask of tha pressy und that i to deal with us without proje udlee, ** 'he prohibition of Stroating’ does not ex- tend to the hospitality which ove may feel llke offerlng fu bis uwy huose, does 6" * UL, hoj that I8 excepted, of courac,” A mesting of the lucorvurutors und trustees of tho Business Men's Bucluty of Modcration was -hold un Fridsy evening at the residence of Mr, Elwood E. Fhorie, No, 183 West ‘Ywont: sccond atreet, Plhus for a pormanent organtza- tion were agreed upon umd the nanies of severul prominent business men wore suggested for officers; but, owlng to the absence of Mr. Thur- low Weed, who wus called upott to aceept the Presidency of the Assoclution, no permancnt orguzation was concluded. It was stuted at this meoting thut Mr, W would accept s Yico-Presidency, bug, though ho was {u full sympathy with the movement, s ago und infirnitics would deter kil from sccevting & moro resporeibilo position, Beveral communicas tlous were recetved from ditferent sections of the cfty and country in pralie of the moyewent, and espcelally one rom o well-known hotel proprietor -{u the lower part of the city, who fn ln: letter stated thut ho had beea caterlog for county merchanuts for years, und be-Kuew that their vhief business wicn they comu to New York was to wet drunk, und he thought {t would do u great deal of goud If thoss wen cauld by Inducedd to tako u pledge to driuk po liquer while lu New York City, il .