Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 22, 1879, Page 9

LITERATUR .pmno on Oopyright——A Treatise on lio Law of Proporty in In~ " olleotunl Produo- ] tions, ) St = tlie Araostool - '[m;:m}{m?ii(;lls’ Last and . . Best Novel. '-m Model Prayer "-=<Literary “ Notese--The New Mag’a- zines===Art Notes, - Wallace on the Distribu- ok tion of Animals, 'LITERATURE. NE ON COPYRIGROT, ! [ AT:::I?fi on the Law of Property tn Intel- sl Productions i Orcat Britain and the sted Sates: Embracing Cobyright iu Works . Lerstura. nd Att, and Play-right in Dra- ¢ and Musical Commositions.”* By Eaton Drone. Boston: Lattle, Brown & Co, 1870, - t agree with Mr, Drone in his cannof 3 m;::q:;usullun that *Meaningless, incons gdeat, and nadcquate statutory provisions, g erroncous, aud conflicting declslons B of copyFight with doubt, diffeul- '"",m] confusion,’ tliero can be no question mmrnl the professions of literalure or of Jras to the need of n thorough and exhaustivo tmatlee upon the subject of copyrieht. (oploger, the Intest and best English authority o thesubject, {8 80 burdened wih dlscus- ooy of acls of Parlinment, and fs g0 puzte In citatlons of American cascs, 1 fo bealmost valucless to Ameriean writers 1o hyers. And the rich fleld of Amerfean ¢eilonsupon questions of literary property in " peatyears cortainly nffords abundaut material, yihthe Enplish decisious, for a completa and ‘aostive treatise upon the law of literary Joperty. a8 1 prevatls in the great English- peking potlons. The only provious attempt it thisdirection Ly au Amerlean writer at all vriby tho namo of & treatiscowas that of Curtls, 1ritten some thirty years ogo, when the law of wprright, fu_ this country at least, mny be sald fobave been a its {nfaney. : Thegrowth of American literatura sinee that toe, tnd tb& morked incresse fn musical and tanatiecompositibng, have led tomore {requont gotations ta the courts of late years for the porection of muthors, dramatists, and pubs s from’ the plracy of their literary produc- thor; and the work of Mr. urono 18 capecially woortunc fo #t8 appearance at a time when the U of copyricht fs undergoing frequent dfs- twesion fn the courts, Trelimloary to the moro technical and purely legat parts of his work, Mr, Drone has given us trokteresting chaptera or prefatory essays of preat value, upon the origin and nature and s the story of llterary property. Accopt- fgtbedoctrioe of preoccupancy as the origin of ull property, the author dissents from the tbeorr of Grotius, Pufendorf, and the school of writers who, adopting the soclal compact theory, wsume an hinplicd assent or tacit agreement in teformative perlod of seclety that ownership tboald follow occupancy. e chooses, rather, fallowing Locke, to baso tho richt of posscssion o a preoceupancy which hes its orizin fn the ¢tkmeot of creation or production. The ereator I the it possessor of thut which he crentes, , ccupancy, therefore, finpllea Jabor, and o labor ¥ flad tho origin of the right of property, Grenstip Is thus the ereature of productfon, #d the producer becomes the owner. And i - gimple law - of property s true, Cielher the product -bo. that of mental or muusllsbor, In the nature of things there oo be vo distinetion between the poet aud Ueartlsan [n tho ownerahip of the products of Udlrlsbors, Traced to its ultimate analysis in, ither case, the property-right finds fts origin in tle clement of crentlon or labor, nnd overy tmument for the fnviolabllity of property re- wlling from bodily Inbor applies with equnl loxce to that which fs the frult of mental in- tutry, Literary property, therefore, 18 fn no ose wul generis, but is simply o division, the eatlon which 1t sustalng to the goncral dea’ of roperty belng that of apecies to geiera, far the arcument ig in the abstract; but Uspractical application 18 snon apparent. Ac- ttpllug 3ir, Drone’s promises, and they cannot ::llrl mquullonud. his conclusion {3 irrestst- it literary, Hke all other property, Los s origin not 1y Tezislation, but In the broader man of patural law, ' It s, therefore, & m::; and not an artifiell right. Indeed, o wer protected at comaion law in En. “r:!. snd longe priur to the statute of Anne. mu.'; celetrated Lnglish statuto, cuacted ln i 48 the first wffort at lfl'ilslutlon which Hnctly aflienied the aoetrine of copyright uud korlled for jts protoction, But fts’ existence ;:hmmmnn law right may bo distinctly traced u‘ F[#mlsn of Rlizaboth, and thero are numer- ostances of judiclal recognition of this ?h“l" of property long prior to the statute, . .e practical apoifcation then of the natural apcrty theary of copyrizht would bo found In o pewumption that ‘the leglsiatidn upon the \Ee]l'f“ English amul Amerlean, beglnning with - aiute of Anne, siply attempted to reg- an Without Impalring oxlsting rights; and - Matutes havo in no scnao abridged the m‘:cnre‘n Taw rights of authors fu their terary e y] That"this should be the law, Mr, o *® tlearly demonstrates; thut {b 18 not the i i roluctantly compolled to con- Rariere linve becn three great cases lqnl kl ubon this eubject, which have oot nidmarks In the law of copyright. ‘The b Illmn wus the celobrated evse of Millar ‘K'yon-murr.. 2303, declded by the Court m"uékndun 1709, {n which the masjority Kappy C0urt, Includfn Lord Chlet Juatica .lnmr » Wera of opinion that the statute of Mmu" Illo manner impafred or abridged the 'mcr:.uu" right of authors, and that they i 1_cd 1o protection independent of that low a2 tlla {8 the trua coustruction of h.,m“" tisrdly bo doubted by uny une who Lord 3fgread the elear und vigorous oplafons of Jmm‘vhsflnkl, Mr. Justice” Aston, aud Mr, - illes fa thig cage, or the equally clear Dirgge.*r0U4 discusslon of the subject by Mr. Ualortung of cly, hawevor, the English House D :m’.': I e hecand of'the coes reforred to, Wh ot i va, Backet, A Burr,, 2403, declded in o m"mlcd the dacirine ot Millarya. Taylor, gy filewn Judgres holdlng thut the come .hl &t, ufter publication, was taken away Kfor tute, to which alony the uuthor must Lure g Protection, Loed Mausileld scems to Toresg; ueterred by motives of dellcacy frony “m"ul‘nu tulon with the law Jords, Had g I:n:m“ '8 own well-known views there Iodgey yre,¢eh an equal division of (ho twelvo g thou e point, which would” have ro- irloe, Airming the doctrine of Millar va, 1) lub:r‘.i.fllhmo to whick alluston hus been Uiy l'cl‘ € leuding case of Wheaton va. Pe- Wty Gt W1, decided bé]lhe Supreme Court Ted ey (“l States in 1804, in which by B di- ‘:hu doctriny of the House of Lords 70, in coustrulng the act of Congress Bder %, 4nfority of thie court holdinic that tion ‘_lu.lh: tommon-law right, alter pube o (b l'lm(.:. entirely abrogated, ’l’lns_dnc slon 1 thyyo ¢ of Lords {n Doualdson va, Heekot, " Petery, pair OWu Bupremu Courc fn Wheaton day, “pot P08l the law of the land to this e popttes, BUthor’s literay wroperty, '”“Meym ication, fa " protected only Slew, o, J‘L%fi:;ll‘)relnl‘had' while at com- m h e natural-property thue ity pttor's book, 1Ko that oo ul;l '.-m.m.id t\; dl)fl)lf.c- ¢ seruples of dolicac, bt 1Y Lord Mag 10 agzalnst intes: il g i 1aw lords, upon & question upon Bewy ¢yt SXiTessed s decided un opinlon fu ""!nmln 2(13Y b eald to have been the meana kg, gy, ¥EEY author, Eoulish and Amiors iy iy ?""“Y Lo this, of any literary prop- ltfl. im"")_ Pl‘:‘t';fl works beyoud tho torm o & by ) on’ V{218 Of bis doctrlnoaud the fallacles h{'bm g 38 are clearly presented by el iy potion of b wrls s more e cucral or professtonul g 1, 8 L 'yl ' lstorlcal portton com- Merineje,, ™, Bu0dred “pages of his volume, uriguyy B9 docirine Fegtristing tho fue b 150 statutory period 4 o firuily property was recognized, and copy- | ! ‘ i THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY. implanted In/one jarisnrudenco that no ara ment or reazortng, though as luetd and locieal aa-that of Mr. Drone, cun shake (t; snd (b must, ve lett to legislatlon” to work the desired reform, . . g i ‘The authorAreats In dotail of all the legisla. tlon, English and American, uran the aubjeet of copyright, efving the liistury of each coact- ment i its chronological order, 1o deals with verlinps merited severity, withwha, to the guild of letters, hna nlways seemed the unnceountable ouposition of Macanlay to the extension of the rights of nuthors. Deginning with the year 1837, stronuious offorts were made i Parllanient during that and_several succceding vears to en- Inrze the perfod of protection to #ixly years afer the: anthor's death. Potitlons were pre- sented to Parlfament by the most prominent Uterary men of E"E nnd, including Scott, Wordswortli, Alllsan, Carlyle, Hood, Dickens Browning, Jerrold, uml’ many others, all proying an exteusion of the statutory nporlod of “protection, - Corlyle’s petition, nfter settin forth that ho had written certnly buoles, but thi his Inbor had hitherto brought Litn smnll rec ompenay, continuad, “that he ls by vo meana sura of its over mullng recompense, but thinks thaty1f so, it will bo at a distant timo, when he, the laborer, will probably no_longer be In need of money, und those dear ta him will till be fn needot ft My :qlnl It concluded with a prayerto the Houroto forhid *extrancous persons, entircly unconcerned in this adyenture of hls, to steal from him:his emall earnina, for u snace of sixty years at the sliortest, After sixty yeara, unless Your Honoruble House provide othcrwise, they may beein to steal” Sergoant Talfuurd was the'champion of the bill, nnd won the eratitude of all men of Ietters by bis wallunt efforts (n thelr behall, Thoss wlio nro accustomed to sneer ‘at the conservatlve tendencics of th Bary and © who nssert its opposition to all mensures of law reform, may find much food for reflection in the cloquent speech of Talfourd n supnort of “this measure 0s roported fn Hansard's debates, Macaulny, airange tosay, opposed Lhe extension, und i1 was chiefly owingto his vizorous opposition that the Lill was dofeated In 1841, It was Tal- funrd, 1 we mistaka not, who, allnding to Mac. aulny’s hostility to the bill, exclaimed that ** Literntura's own fariliar frlend, in whom sha trusied, and who Lad eaten of her bread, bhod lifted up his heel agafnst her” In 1842, how- cver, Macaulay made varifal atoncinent by sup- porting a bill ‘which in that vear beeame o Inw, oxtending the term of - protection from tiventy~ elght to !ortrlwu years alter publication, at wfilcu perfod 1t has ever sfuce remained in Eu- gland, The duration of copyright uuder the American Inw has been practieally the eame ns iun England, over sinea 1841, befiir an ovizioal perfod of twenty-clght years, with provision lor arcocwal of fourteen years to the author, bis widow, and childron. -The questlon of International copyright s ably treated, and the varlous cfforis fn that direction ' made by Congress aro reclted in de- tail. - Mr., Drone takes advaneed ground In favor of “a gencral futernational copyright, and contrasts the narrow and selish polley ol our owircountry, with the more llberal und certaluly mora hocest Jegislation of England and other foreign nations 10 thisregard, is views upon this topie deserve the commendation of every lioneat nuthor and publisher, In the morc technieal parts of his subject {he author I8 cqually fortunate, While carefully and acéurately ~ statlng the law nas It 1s upon nil its bianches, ho does not hesitate to point out crroneous lnlur{nrumumu, und lie ex- preases n.vigorous dissont from crrors of judl- clal reagoning nud construction wherover such crrors are apparent.. Perhaps the most useful Euruou of the'book to authers and publishers s hapter V., of the statutory requisites fir ae- curing copyright, While most publishers aud Jawyers are presummed to be nware of. the, threo. statutory couditions to o vuhd copyrizht upder the . present law, viz.: (1] nnlllni o vrinted copy of the title-pace to the Librarian of Congress in ad- vance of* publieation; (3) transmitting twe riuted coples "of thie best editlon to the Elbmnnn_‘ withlo ten days after publications and (3) printing & notice “of the entry on the title page or succeedlue pages yot it is not gren- orally koown thut esch of thuse conditions is ubsuflnvly Indlspensable to a valid copyright. Mr. Drone's discussion embraces all the cases upon_ this tople, tnd demonstrates very clearly that the omission of efther of the conditions named 18 fatal ‘to the copyrizht. Ina recent conversation with the accomplished Librarian of Congress, himeell quite conversant with the law of copyrights, the.writer of Lhis notice wos informed that many nuthors nnd publishers omitted to forward printed coples of title pages, deemins the printed volume cquivalent theroto; and Mr, 8poffurd named ons of the largest Awmecrican publishing houscs, whose unilorm practice it was to omit_forwardimer the title age. A perusal of My, Drone’s pages will sut- isfy any onc of the extrome bazard of this prac- Aee, As lllustrativo of the author's lndependent method of treatment may be mentioned his discussion of the topies of abridzments und travslations, and his emphatle dlasent from the existing law upon thege subjects, While it Is the setiled rule, both in England and Amerien, that o bona Jida abridunent {s not a plracy, Mr. Drone, after atating the rule, und citing ult tho acclslons, proceeds to & eritical review of the reasoning on which the doctrine fs based, and demounstrates very clearly that it s untenable, and that the law sbould, although it. does not, protect tho suthor from an unauthorized abridgment of s work. A shmilar discusston follows of the abaurd doctrina that n translation into o forelen lanpuage isnot a piracy, und the necessity of a_different rulo {s clearly dem- ovsteated. Indeed, the rulo has only thie sup- ory of o_eingle direct adjudication,—Stowe va, %Ixnmu 9 Am, Law Rex., 210, deetded by Mr, Justice {irlorin 1850, ‘Cbat was o Lill ley by Mra. Btowe to enjoin_the publication of a Ger- man trauslatlon of ** Uncle Tom's Cabin,” ‘I'hie retlef swas denfed upon the narrow and unton- able ground that the author ean clalm no MNt- crary propertv, after publication, in his ideas apart from tho outward semblance fu which they are couched; und that ho can only bo pro- teciod in the exclusive right to multiply coples of the -particular combination of characters fn which his {deas are clothed. *Unclo Tom und Topsey,” says Mr. Justfce CGrler fn bis very remarkable opinfon fn this casey ‘are ds much publiel Juris us * Don Quixoto and ‘Saucho Panza’ ANl her conceptions sid fuventions may be used and abused by Imitators, . ploywrichts, und voetasters, ‘They are no_longer her own—thoso who have pur- chased hor book may clothe them in English doggerel, In German, or Chinese prosa.” “The casulas never been recarded wilh satisfaction by the lezal profeasion, and it I8 not too much to hope that the_ author's cdmirable presenta- tion of this branch of the subject may induce n chanze of front when the (llmuou #hall bo again presented for judiciul deelston ‘T'o the practiclug [awyer, Chaps, X, and X1, of the remedies in law wid fu equity for infringe- ment, will brove the most voltusblo and inatruct- ive portions ot the work. Chap. XL, of the remedies in equity, 18 especlally full und ex- hauative fu {ts ticatment of the eniiro range aund scope of cnuitable remedies yertuining to - infringemcnts, The advantnges of the equitable over the leral forum consfst in the doublo remedy n cquity by Injunction agalnst farther infringe. went, and an aceounting for past profits, netther of which methods of rellet cun be had iv an se- tion ot law for dunages. 1n practice, therefore, resort Is umnll{ hiad Lo equity, amt Mr. Drong's presentation of this branch of the subject must prove equally valiable to the benely und bar, cinbraclntz, s 1t does, an extionistive discussfon of the questton of title, incans of determining plmvy,‘lmerlocuwry und tinal Injunctions, form af th Injunctlon, secount of prolits, aiscovery and the rule of domngzes. Mr, Drone's concluding ehanters are deyoted to s disctssion of thy law of “pluyeleht,” fn- eluding dramatte mid musleal compositions, the righit at comuion law wd under the statutes, and the subjeet of Infringement, Ho rejects the term ‘“stage-right,” " the Invention of Charles "Reade, und uscs tho.more elegunt smd certainly more exact vhirase ** playright,” as in- cluding the flfi"'r toplay u drums und to per- form a wmusical composition. ‘The worl: concludes with o vyeluatile uppen- dlx containlng sl the Buglish and Awmneriean siatutes in any way pertalning to copyright or Hterary property which are now {n for ‘The table of cases cited 18 au improvement on the wethod usually sdopted by legal authors, giv- {uyg nut merely the titlo of the easo clted, but, In parallel columug, the year of the dechslon with the place whore reporied. Mr, Droue’s {s » new name in legal literature, but one, If we mistake nat, which s destined to be permancnt. He has mastered hls subject fn advance of writing, familiarizing hhnself with its entire history aud Hterature, and svery pago dispinys the hand of a writer thuroughly en raplzort with his thems, IIIs mothods of thoiht audl of compaositlon are logical, his stvle a often brilljant, slways huninous, und, best of all to the lawyer, ho [s alwave accurate, ‘I'hotwo pro- fessluns ot law il of lettors aro m[unlly fn- debted to bim for his faithful exccution of & inuch needed work. J. Lo H, THE MODEL PRAYER. No one who would pause to consider the matter for & moment would healtate to say that the #Lord's Prayer,” so called, is the “inodel proyer ¥ of the Scripturcs. 1t would be dififeult, 1f noy, lmpousible, Lo construct 8 prayer or & col- lection of sonteuces in so small & space that would equally express the uneeds and peculior waots of the Luman race, Yet this prayer, short as it is, contalns such an Inexbaustible number of suggestfons that tho author under reviow, In his well-written york of somo two bundrcd poges, decs wot have to have pearly 22 fathomed the subject. Dr. Doardinan sindles -tho work under nino hends: “Our Heavenly Fathier,”” ¢ Our Father's Nome,” *Our Father's Kingdom," “Our Fatlicr's Will," % Our Fatler's Broad,'* “Qur Father's Foruivencss,” **Our Father's Temptatfon,” * Our Father's Dellver- anee,’’ nnd* Reeapltulatory.” There §s some objection at the outset, in Dr. Bonrdman's trentment of the first tople, to o slur on the re- sults of actentifia inveatlzation. e saya: * Ah, with what blesscd, easy ombipotencs does onr Elder Brothier aweat away with theso tiro words —our Father—ail the elaborata conceits of the cthnologists totuching the ariwinal Inequality of the raceal In n{mu of all your measirementa of craulums and facial anglea, n spite of airy coneeits of caste, and prefudive, and soclal dls- tinctionm, the fact remains, clear, solld, unalter nble, that common Fatherhaod means com- mon brotherhood,” The pulpit and sci- ence haye much in cominon, and ench fs indebted to (o ollier. Both have contributed Jargely, If not entirely, to tho civilizatlon of the races. Whatover miny be said to the mmmv, tho *“conceita? of etli- nologists are malnly facts; and n fact, whether developed fn the pulpit or exeavated from the cartly, 1s God’s own revelation to man, 1t 18 un- fortunate tor o clergyman fn these days of en- lightenment to say anything roflecting the results of sciontliic lnvestiention condieted by speclallsts in the various departments of natural history, Unfortunate, hecause it certaluly wlie- nifies thot the speaker bos not clven attention to tho contents of the works fn question, 'That evicnce has representativen, often amongita most eminent men, that acpart from thelr realn of fnets to that of metaphysics fs true, In the lat- ter condition they are, and ought to Le, subject to u reflection from thie pulpit o far ns they ar- Ruu disputen questions, ** Fatherhood " “cor- tainly * means common brotherbood,” but the fact “atlil romalus {n favor of the cthuologist .that the skull of one racs Is thicker, thinner, flatter, or targer than that of auother, Waile flomia like. the above are protosted agalust as out of place, thers romatna the most of the buok for the favorable consideration of the true Christian, Concerning Our Father's bread," hio says: “‘But brend s so couspien- ously one of tlic necun? conditions of lving, s0_confessedly *the stafl of life,’, that it may well be taken ns n symbol nud representative of all the other indlspensables. ‘The cereals, not the miues, are the world’s bank. Wheut, not cotton, not coven money, I8 the world's King, What Instigates your strikes und riots? Nay, what 18 the secrot spring of luman cX- ertfon? What s the motor force of humanity’s {uduscries? What s it that drives your plows, and smelts your ores, und casts your metals, and turns your spludles, aud wields_your lawmmers, snd plics ?'uur needles, usnd bridges your rivers, and nunciies your ships, s “1ays your rafls, and exchanges vour commodities, und lssucs your notes? Whatds It, in short, thut turns the crank of the wheel of 1lfo? ‘Phe need of bread, Drend for the laborer, bread for the capltalist.” There are many pararraphs that would have place here were it not for o lack of space, The work closes with a note on ** the question of the doxolory,” und ** the question ur_Iluray,’ The book {s adapted equally to the pulpit-orator and the Christinn citizen, (Fhe_Model Prayer. 3y Georne Dana Boardman,:D, D., pastor of the First Buptist Church, Vhiladelptia, D. Appleton & Co, 1879.) W. 1L B, TIE LADY OF TIHE ARO0OSTOOX, The poet Gray concelvéd Taradlse to be a place where one might lo forever on a sofu, nnd read cndless romances of Crebillon. [Te died too soon for Mr; Howells. -Fortunately for our morals, wa live too late for Crebillon, That 1t 15 not endless 18 the sole fault of “The Lady of the Aroostook.” We bave the gofa, and wu resent Mr. Iawells’ stoppage af the further Paradisfacal supplics, For now tive months we have been ennmorod of Miss Lydia Bluod, and it seems hard thmt the victorious Staniford should carry lier off to Californta, It Is, how- ever, possible that Mr. ;Howells thought the spectacle of Staniford’s haoplucss would be more than male readers of the Atlantic could patiently endure, aud so sent him with als bride to a reeion seldom visited by that pzriodical. Lydia Blood 18 a yount zirl, whose loveliugss, in apite of her name, Is made periectly vivid to us at the outect. *‘Some of our hill-country peaple would have felt llko hushing up her beauty, a8 alinost simple, und soine wonld have gonu down bofore: it llke Greeks” Bhe Is on orphan, and I8 leaving her New Engloud ‘bome to.. joln #n aunt whom two successful - marrioges : permit a resl dence in Yenfee, "“The only wwoman on board “The Aroostock," shals rustically unconscious of her ‘singular situntiou, Her fcllow-pns- séugers oro Stanifora, i well-born, eultivated Bostonian, his friend Dunlism, & High-Church- man, eugaged to o contlrmed fnvalld whom i expeets to marry in Rome, *and be perfeetly sacrificed to her allments ' and Hleks, 8 good- uatured cad sorely glven to drink, Unfettered as shic seems by the conventionalities to which they havo been bred, both Staniford and Dun- pam fostinetively recognize her native reflne- ment. ‘“*Dunham, this girl s plalnly oncof those cases of supernatural innocence, on the part of herself and her friends, which, a8 you suggested, wouldn't oceur among any other people lu the world than aurs.". "“*You are a good fellaw, Staniford!’ ericd Dunham. “¢Notatall, 1 call mysclf ahuman being, with the elemental instinets of a gentleman, as far ns concerns thid mutter. e girl bas been vlaced n a position which ¢ould be mnde very palnful to hor, It seoms to me It's our part to prevent it from Dbelngso, 1 doubt if she finds 1t &t all suomalous, und L we choose sho need uover do go il after wo've parted with her, 'L fancy wo can preserve lier uncousciousness fu- taet,'? Btaniford *wag ono of thoss men who can- not rest In regard to people they meet tll they have mado Bomne effort to formulate them.!” ‘This belng his mental habit, he now began to indulze in kumorous speculations about Lydin: surmising that hee ‘namo was Lurelie, and vraphesying her appearance.tn. Italfan opera ns La Banquinelll. When ‘ho was in this mood Dunham, who was much fn her comnpauy, would defend her. Tuis postur of aflairs—Dunham devoting himself to Lydia, and Staniford avold- ing her—continued for some time, But at last Stanifora was drawn within the elrele of her fascination. When he nnd Lydia bezan to walk the deck together n the moonlight, Staniford At first suspected hat her ready consent to do 30 ‘“‘infzht tave come from ahablt of the Kind," **But It appeared thut her fearlessness was lika that of wflld birgn fu those desert Istunds whero mon has never come.” { coursy they 1all In love with cach ower; but, as Staniford dutifully refraius from explicitness until slio shall’ be with " her =~ Iriends, their alfectlon finds cxpression for the most part n that deliehtful oxchange of egotisms which {8 perlinps the bust part of love-muking. Lydia nover loses her sclt-possession for & mouent, . Bhe oven prescrves un outward celm when Btanlford leaps overhoard - rescie My, Hicks from drowning, This scene, by the way, shows usn new side of Mr, lowells' venlis, Mr, Hicks muat bo accorded a bigh place awong the amusing kota of fiction, In which they arp al- wayg sunnier thouln the domestic efrele. It may ba woil to remark hiera thut, b the begin- nlugs of the vovage, Staniford leured thut Iicks' vulgarity would lead him -to waks love to Lydin in her unprotected conditlon. Ilcks ru- mains blumeless, while Btaniford— At Mesainn Staniford wocs ashors, whera ho meets a marrled lady,~a flirting acquaintonce ol other days,—who fnvites Wim to drive with her. He nclmph the fnyitation, und 8 seen of Lydlo, who is visitlng the cathedral a'one. On thielr return to .the ship Btantford sollclts Lydia's opinlon of this ludy, and, to oncourage its frank oxpreesion, ssya” he d'm.-u not ke her. ¢ Why were you riding with her thenl! 41 was driving with hert ho replied, ¢ I sup- poag, becauso she asked me, v Asked you)! erled the givl; and ho per- celved ner moval recoll, both from himselt and fron a womluu who could be so unscemiy. o thougnt how deliclous that lady woukl baye found 1t it sho could have known thut o wirl placea lko Lydia wos socked ut her behavior, ut ho was 10t amused, [lo was touchcd by the simple sclf-respegt that would not let her suffer from what was' not wrong In but thut made ber shrink from_s Voluutary sem. blaaee of pnwomnuliness, It endeared her not only to his.plty, bul to that seusc which In svery wai'consecratus wotmanliood, und walts for somu woman to bo better thon ull ber sex, Again he falt the pang ho had remotely: kuown beforo, What would she do with those {deals of hera (n thut depruved Uld World,—so long paat trouble for Its sina es to haye gut 0 sort of aweetnoss und junocenco ju them,~—where her facts would be utterly frrcconetled with her ideals, and oqually {ncomprehensible,”! ‘Ihis pussago is the key-note of the whole book, which, aiming ot no oral, atill shows us tho contrast of virginal purity ‘strippea of con- ventiouallems, with the wickedness of o soclely in wbich decency can bo muintatned unlly by wicans of tuy polite fivtlons of aun arbltrary ctiquctie, It s in this coreful atudy of cl acter, nud this sasy handling of subtle eocial conditions, that Mr, Flowells stands supreme among American writers, Mr. James and Mr, Howells hinvo somo tralts o common, but the eharacters of (he farmer geem to s to Tack that ;;i—umh of life which Ir. Howells breathies into s, AL Triesto the narty of travelers breaks up. Lydia mecta lier English uncle there—a delig): il old gentleman given to the volleetion of Amecricanlsms, who at the eud of (e story is In Calltornia “In confldent scarch of the miner who says ‘which the eame.’” Stantford and Dunham are to follow Lydia to Venlee in a day or two. Golng to church In Mra. Erwin’s gondola the day ufter her arelval, Lydls sees some gueer conle—very unlike the denizausof Bouth lirad- cld, Among them (s the Countess 'fatocka, *"UThat was Lier patace we passed juat now, Did you notice the gentles with bert She always tokes 1o those” monsters, fie's a Neapolitan painter and ever so talented,—clever, thut fa. Ho's dead 1n love with her, they say.' 1 Ara they cogaged!’ asked Ly " ' Engaged|' exclalmed Mrs, Erwin with lier IP:'IEX"( 1o dumb show, *Why, child, she's mar- Tl W 4To Alm P demanded the glrl with a recoll, {1 Nol To her husband,! " ‘To her husbaud?’ gasped Lydia. ¢ Aod 8h “Why, she {sn't quite well scen even In Venice, “But sho's sleh, ond her conversaziont are perfectly brillinat,'?* At church Lydin meots Lady Fenleirh, who llyes apart froi ‘her husband beeause of his fn. tolerable gooduess. Returning, ste makes the acqualntanee of Miss Landinj, who takes Lydia's hand, saylng, ¢ lmll my God, how beantiful you Amerfeans nee,’? Presently Mrs. Erwin fnvites Miss Landinl to go home with her to lunch. “4No, my dear, I ean’t. My aunt will be rajs- ing the dovil if I'm not there to driuk cofeo with her. *1 suppose,’ Mrs, Erwin explained® ¢ that shie's really her mother,—cverybody says so; but she nlways calls her aunt.” Dear Knows who her father wus. But she's a very vriuht wirl, Lydia, and you'll liko her. Don't you think she speaks English wonderfuliy for & person who's never Leon out of Venico § ' 4 Why docs she swenr?” asked Lydia stonlly, * "Why, you know, such words as God aud deyil don’t sound at all wicked tn Italan, and ludies use them quito comnonly. ! No wonder poor Lydia Is dazed by ail this, Nn wonder thut, later, wien the enormity of her sl tn traveling with three gentiemen and no lady Is revenled to her by her aunt, sho despe- rately exclalns : “Ol, Lsce how. my coming the way I have vill scen toall these peoplol I'know how 1t I seem to that married woman who lets a an boin love with her, nnd that old woman tho can’t 1ive with - ber iusband because he's too goud und kind, and that girl who swears ond doesn't know who her father s, and thut fmpudent patuter, und that oflicer who thinks hie lins the right to {nsult women £ he finds thens slone! "X wonder the sen doesn’t swalloty up a place where even Americans go to the thea- tre o the Sabbath [M Her cry Is'the proteat of the Iily agalnst the camel!ln; of Innocence agalust conventlonality, Tondd to her sufferinge, Staniford does not vome, e los been detained by an aceldent to Dunham, who remalus delirious for & week, ‘I'he letter of exvlanation Le wrltes her fs mis- Intd by o servant and nat posted. Nhe cone cludes that he has deseried her: *440n,! she moaned, “4e hus been in Europe too, ul I supposa ha's Ike the rest of you; snd he thougnt tecause I was alone und helpless ho hud tie right to——0h, 18ve 18, I sce now thut he never meant anything, and—Ou, Oh, Ol Sh fell on her knecs beslde the bed as if crush- cd to then by the cruel doubt that suddenly overwhelmed her.” 2 But why say tuore than that alt ends happily, beautitully—a perfeet exding, fit for the per- fect ending, fit for the porfeet book! For it Is perfect—flnished with Melssonler—ltke fidellty to detall, down ‘to the smallest character thut flits through a paragraph, Mr. Howeils is be- fore all thingsau srilst; and he §s morcover a bellever in ort - for- art's sake, \We are awaro that the latter statoment gounds o Mittle owln- ousg, but the doctrine moutioned need not slways be used in defonso of what seems to the un- sophisticated miud to bo fmproper. An artist may belleve that art should teach vothlmg but its own lesson of beauty, without seckitg hls subjucts mnli' in the unclean places of the world, Than Mr. Howard thcre reathes no purer writer; but he is uot o moralist, Iic has to offer us no trumpery tables, brought down swfd the sheet-Iron thunders of some pasteboard Sluad of his own coutriving, 4 (*The Lndy-of the Aroostook.” By Wi D, Howells, Boston: Houghiton, Osgood & Co, BRIELF NOTICES. “The Disturbing Klement,” by Charlotte M, Yonge, *fi printed fo the Hundy-Volume Serics of the Mesars. Appleton, Henry Holt & Co. send us o bound copy of Fanole Kumble's * Records of a Glvlhood," no- ticed fromn ndvauce sheets several weeks ngo, * The Life of Richard Fuller, D. D.," by J. H, Cuthbert, D, D., pastor ol.the First Baptist Church of Washington, D, C., fs published by Blieldon & Co,y of New York, $1.50. “ Bibelots und Curlos: A Manual for Collect- ors, with a Glossary of Techoleal Terms,” laa new treatise on pottery und porcelaln, Frederie Vars, of New Yorl, fa the author. ‘The volume is prettily printed by tho Mecssra. Appleton. Pilee, 7 cents, ‘We have recefved ** My Bolomon: A Story of Motern New York," by L. Mel Printed snd publisted oy W, L. flyde & Co,, 114 Enat Fourteenth street; also, * Exbibition ond Parlor Dramns, by T 8, Uenlson, nublished Ly the nuthor In Chicugo. 81,60, ** Goetho and Schiller: Thelr Lives and Works, ding o Commentary on Goothe's Faust,” {s the titlo of Prof. Hoyesen's critiquu long slics announced, nidl just”issucd from the press. 1t 8 a fuli summing up of the results of nodorit German eriticlsm, beswle contuining the frufts of original and nenteobservations by the author, As u text-book, wa should sy this volume would bu very useful. - About 275 pages urg de- yoted to Uoothe, and 135 to Behiller. (New York: Churles Serlbner's Sons, $2.) “The Present and Futurcof Bllver," bolngeey- eral contributions to the discusslon of the silver question, some of which have appeared in Tne ‘Trinun, is the title of 0 pamphlet vrinted by Koieht & Leonurd of this city, The author s Ueorge N, Jackson, who has cxhiblted from the atort the fullest knowledeo of the subjects in controversy, und hus done not a littleto roduce the popular feeliny In favor of sflver money. Mr. Jucksou’s present argument 8 devoted fo aliowinis that ** bl-metalllsmt or incounvurtible pa- por-moncy is the world's alternative.” Prive, 25 cents, *8t, Paul at Athens: Bpiritual Clirlstlonity in Rolatlon to Bome Aspeets of Modern Thought, Nine Sevmona Preachied in St. Btephien's Churely, Westbourne Park.” 1Ly Charles Shakepeare, B. A, Asslstant Curute. ‘Phese sermons aru strongly recommended to publie notice by tho Rov. Canen Farrur, 8t whoso suggestion “they were pabllshed, sidd who furnishes the preface, The subject 1s divided thus: ‘The City and the Apostle;” Culture and Foith; Senstous and Hpiritual Religlon; Pagantstn and Chrlstianlty— First Contury A, .3 Philosophy and Christlanl- ty—First Cetury A, Doj Anclent und Modern Skentivismy ‘The Eplcureans und Modern Life; ‘the Stoles mul Modern Thouehts Humanity nnd Qod, (New York: Charles Berlbner's Sons, LITERARY NOTIS, C. Q. Lelund s to write on * Abraham Lin. colu and the Abolition of Blavery™ fn the *'New Tlutarch " serles Iately projected in London, Mr. Anthouny Trollope s to writeon *Thack- cray," aud Mr. Leunand H, Courtney, M. P, un S Admin 8mith," In Messrs, Mactnillan & Co.'s series of * Kaglish Men of Lettors,” vdited by Mr. John Morley, Prot, Swing has written a boolk eallod “ Mo- tives of Life," und its six chapters treat of 4 fn- tullectual Progress,” * l:t;m:." YA l(’lum.l Name," » Benevolence,” “The Pursuits of flap- Mo ad Roliglon” Janson, McClurg & Co. wilt publsh it Mr, Anthony Trollope finfshos ln the White- Jalt Revlew next week his latest novel, called & An Eyo toran Eve," the motlve of which 1 that an Irlsh noblemauseduces Miss O'Ilara, mul liss O'Hara's wother pushes him over a rock nto tho eco.—New York 2imes Correspondence. Mr. Murray is **taken up' by the London World for “ndmitting to the ‘paves of the Quarterly, n un articlo on Lessiug by Me, W, C, Cartwrkzht, this magnificent contusion of meta- phors: “* Ho coquetted with the cdged tools of @ eplrit, which, when developed to practical re- sults, their nuturcs shrauk from." In the English Paper fu the Matriculation Ex- amlnution of tho University of London—the Urst thut has boen thrown open Lo wWomen—a woman is flrst, and every woman-candidate well up Ii tho It~ Bugh anwwers us that ¢ Potatovs wese introduced futo Evelund by Julius Cosar at the Conquest in J0G0." are dite to the mule portion of the examiveey.—deademy, ““Tho Refgn of tho Btoles)” o book of %48 ages, is in press for imwedlato lssue by O, P, gmunrby, 189 Elghth street, Now York, Tts first chapter speaks of the place of phers in history. The uext fivo chapters give #pecimens of thelr noblest savings about re- thosa philoso-' liglous truth and mornl duty, These the author haa endeayored 1o render ‘accurately, though Treely, addine nothing, but m""’"""f mucl, Of their commanplaces il crrors he fian nade no Hat. Tho suthor haa given in the Inst chapter some of thelr most characteristlc discoveries (n one of the most important but difcult fiekls of hlmlxinnlumunlll. The author 1 Krederle May ollund, "I'hie London News snys Mark Tivain's story of the sufferinga of a grecnhorn who had purchased **n genuine Mexlean plug ™ §s *fone of the fun- nleat things fu literature,’ uid one of its pas- sagres Is **more moviny than anything n Rabe- Tals,” "Il weak potnt of Atnerican humor, however, it finds in the “Tnnoconts Abrond.” Here 1s the place whoro it *lias always falled.” It hns *1acked reverence and sympathy.” A lott r from Hamerton to bis American pub- lishers says he {s *meditating & new novel, en- vottraged” thercto by the success of 3 morne 11is Marmorne (s regarded by soute readers as the best vovel fo the “No-Nsme So- ries.’ “The Intelleetatal Life” has heen the most poptilar of all of Hamerton’s writinga, It was fi eivod ut onee, and {Ls populari- l{ has neverivaned, « Durdng the six years since 1t firat nppeared §t has gone' through no fower than fourtecn cditions, We underatand that thero Is redly a prospect of Christ's Tlosnital belng moved befors very lung from its present site,’ which from ita ceti- trad position s said to he worth £600,000. To ereet new bulldings would, it fs_suppused, cost one-third of that sum, leaving the balance free to atill furiter fucrease the smple revenue of this institwtion, This will permit an additlon to the number of acholars, and here is somo hood that the Lenelits of- the endowment will e oxteuded to uirla as well 28 to boys.— Athenceun, Gen, Blr Arthur Cunynghame has prepared an account of his travels through nud experience in Bouth Afniea. 1d will be’ remembered that 8ir Artbur commanded {lie Diamond Flelds Expeditfon, and directed the active operations nuzaluse the Golkas and Galelias until he was ro- Heved by Lord Chelmsford. Ho remnfned ab the Cape Colony during the years 1874'78. The book will ho published in’ the course of the spring by Messrs, Mucmitlan & Co., und will }gwu pecial ibterest fn view of the Zulu upris- 15 Porter & Cootes published on_the 20th fust. ¥ Volees from Babylon,” or *The Record of Danfel the Prophet,” by the Rev, Joseph A Selss, D, Do,authior of * A Miracle In Stone, " ote. This worls s Intended to bu a thorough fntro- duction to the contents of the Buok of Danlel, und to revive and vindleate the views of the carly Chirlstians with vegard to it It embodies the results of modern exoloratlonsand critleism, und {s accompanted with a critleal revised transe Iation of the entire buokof the great Babylonfen prophict. The miracles and predietions given in the book, the wonders of nncleut Empires, und the characters and doligs of thelr principal soveretens, are comprehensively discussed, und much recent intormation touchior these early Kingdoms has Leen broueht to illustrate und clear up the prophet's narrations. The Papyrus otub of Boston gave a dinner to thie Indics not long since, nuil tie publie part of It was cxeellently reported ino letter to the World. “Ihe most remarkuble woman vresent was Frances Hodeson Burnett, who nappened to bie visiting In Boston. Siie sat at the Prosident’s Ieft hund. ‘The correspondent describes her thus: * 8he ls o rather diminutive person,with a striking cast of features,—recular yet nurdly beautiiul,—but with a quick mobilley of exures- slon, a lively sensibility, und the most penetrate inig, lovely eyes imaginable. ‘They seem swit- ming in their own lght. As she speake, every- thing testifies W beruervous force; you are sure she 1s the person. to writen novel ot delicate feeling, vet of sustatned vower,” Dr. Holmes, (. M. Towle, J. T Trawbridire, Dr. Joycem E. C. Stedmnu, and J. Boyle O'ietlly were umong the spenkers, Tula conclsc statement of a reform move 2t which wo have long neant to notico appears in the Academy for Feb, 1: A wovetient has arisen winong our ‘Iransatlantic cousins for {n- lmduuhxF uniformity in onr uee of the nbbrevia- tons which are used to indicate Christlan numes. ‘The suegestion fs thut a letter followed by u perfod shall as now indicate an unknown name; but, if followed by & colon, shal be used for n previously determined name, Thus £G. H. Smith might mesn Gustavus Harold Sinith, or Grerory Hardicanute Smith; hut G: H: Smith wonl:l menn only George Ilenry Bulth, A (Iest list of these provosed ablrevii- tlons las been drawvn up by Mr. C. A, Cutter, and s as follows: -Augustus; Yi=benja- min; CiwCliarles; ” DimDuvid; EimBdward; Fimalrederick; (tmGeotze; Himllenrys e 1 2 5 ol - Tsane; Ji=John 4 wLonis; M: i Ni—Nlcholas; 0:=aOttos PiePeter; hard; Biw8amuel; TimThomas; Wim Willinin. ‘fuese are already used by the American Lublishers’ Weekly und the Library Journal, und card lsts of then arg issued by tho Anierican Libravy Assoclation.” ART NOTES, We lave little doubt that the best portrait ever palnted of Btanley, the explorer,—the secular moisslonary of enterpristng journnlism,— is thut accomplished by Mr. Q. P\ Healy, to whotn the public owes already so many records of famous men, Consldering Mr, Henly's Stanley ns ope of the most suceeasful and vivid of all s portraits, wo are plensed to know that its reproduction— [ papularization, so to say— by thir mneans of engraving hos boen intrusted to so ready and versatile and uccurate au urtist 85 M. T\ de Mare.—dcedemny, ‘Ihe resignation of the Professorship of Sculp- ture in the Royal Acndemy by Mr. Woolner und the difiieulty of fillin the vacant post have brought {nto strong retlef the fact that there are but two seulptors R, A.g, of whom one hus Qeclined the post, and the other, Mr, W, C. Alarstinll, could hardly be expeeted to accept {t. The difliculty will be'miet by the clection of o seulptor from among the Associntes of the Royal Academy, who will be niade Professor on the spat. Tho eholes Hes between Messrs, Arm- stead, Boehm, and Woodinzton, — However maich ong iy egret this state of things, there {8 1 gleam of confort in the knowledge thut the R. A arenot forced toelect thu normal pro- portfon of clight senlptors, An inditferent patnter s botter thau n bud sculptor, and, al- thouwh only the doctrine of ehances can expliain many recout clectlons of palnters, It would be deplorable indeed If five sculptors of the current type must n nade A, . A.s, and iI, of the clght then . It would be lmperative toelect sixto Lo it Ak und thus fill up the senior clasy—Atheneun. PERIODICAT, LITERATURE. Sunday Ajternoon for March has contributions from Octuve Thanet, Josephive I, Baker, Lucy Larcom, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, Julla MeNalr Wright, Ly Choo Yee (* Lifanticlde In China"), and othery, Mr. Hyndman's rejoluder to tho critics of his artiele on the bankruptey of India will appearin on early number of the Niucteenth Century, probe ably In"Murch, Its publication hus only been delayed through presaure upoun the space of the rovicw. The Catholie World for March bins articles on the fotlowing subjecta: ‘The Reatly of Knowls zo "5 % Rome under tho Popes | *Cardinal Manning "5 Plain_Chant in Its Relation to Liturzy ™ 4 prince Bismarck's Peave Negotfu- tlous 'y #The Newg3chuol of Phitosuphical Fie tlon "3 “Fhe Pope's Encyclical,’ 1Wide Awake for March Is u capital num- ber of this tlustruted magazine for young peo- ple. Thu 1llustrations of this mazazine ury ulways appropriateto i character, und the read- ing ntter i3 alwaye adupted for the andlonce towhom 18 s uddressed, Miss Ela Formon, the cditor, hus been quite successful In advaue- Ing the mogazive to its present staudard, | "I'he fortheomlyg number of the Poputar Sci- eace Month'y (for March, 1870) will contaiu, nmong other urticles, the following: “'T'he Ejectrle Light," by Prof, John Tyndall, ¥, R. 5,, etey *“On the Chemical Elemonts,! by Prot. Norman Lockyer, ¥, R, 8., ste.: * Experinents with Living Human Belugs,” by Dy, Geongo M. Beard; ¢ Selence und Boclabiam," by Prof Oscar Seumtat: *ls Consclencs Frimitivor®? by Ware ring Wilkinson, “A Day with Hudsou-Bay Dog-Sledges Is the title of the flest urtlete (b the March Zdppin- coft's, ‘The writer describes with -mueh humor aid in a graphie manncr the, usual adventires of a oleduo-Juurney fu the north,—how the dogs are trafned und kept to thelr, work, what the travoler lus to endure, ete, We wish 1hat he had [neisted less frequontly on tho brutallty und rofanity of the drivers,” ‘Theab shuuld “have Bceu plainly svoken of once, and theu lett to the memory; but the wrlter scoms fearful that thelr fa1) extent and vavloty will pot bo appre- clated. Buppose they wers uot; thuarticle would Lo all the more uecobtablo on that uccouut. If travelers wero always to givo cqual promi- nence to pleasant il unpleasant Impresslons— wo do not mean hardshipy—nroduced by thelp: Journeys, such writiugs would be less sousht for ihan they are st present, The fllustrations which accotnpany this urtlele entitle L.ppincott's to clofm & infr rivalry with Scribner’s und Harper's {n this respect. Miss Jennie Youne, a very vom- petent observer, writes of * Pottery und Porce. lnm at the Purls Expusition.” On the whole, the most curlous papor fu ull the Merch maga- xines 18 Mr, Rossfier Juhuson's siseich of Richurd Roalf, the unfortunato poet who commlitted sulcido n Ssu Fraucisco recently. - Ho was worricd to death by o woman of the town, whom ho marrled i Rocliester. o got a divorce in Pittsburz, but & court gave hernlimony, and she 1H79—TWELVI: PAGER never alterward cea sed £2 haunt him, though e bad married agafn. Mistortune heaped {taelf wwon his hes The wretched man_was bur- dened with the support, of n aister wu ton chil- dren, und, to crown all, his own second wifo yave'irth £o triplets. 2 mulcide over wis Justi- finnle, it waa 8o {n his casc. When he went to San Franclaco, with the hape of etting n froslt slart In life, tronted Wi was his divorced wife, who walked into his room ono day with the siaple an- huuncement. that atio had cone to atav. Other Important rticles aro: ' llungarlan Types nud Amstrian Pictures Slllmtmlvd). by " Edward King, and * Live Wood In Our \Whipplng-Posta,? belngt a hlstory of the nnelent fnatitutlon in Del- aware, by Iloward M, Jeokins, The St Nicholas for March anticipates that blustering month with an ndmirable hudeet for the little people, Including, among other notico- ablo artlclcs, an * Arctle Story,” by Dr, Hayess an odd atory, very oddly liustrated, showing the dealinis of *ai Unterrified Colorado Beo: e’ with “an Obasthuate Weathercock,” by Horace E. Scudder; the completion of Julian lguwlhornn'n falry story, ** Rumpty-Dudget's Tower 5 an Intefesting articls on felino * Vots from Persin”; wnd a very uraphle deacription of «the Amerlcan Mordi Uras " as it is ohserved InMemphis and New Orleans, with some capl- tal fllustratlons of fts antics and grotusquerie. There are numerous minor articles of a pleas ant character, und the variety shop at the closo is crammed with entertaining juvenilo matter, The North American Keview for March contalos two remarkable articles, both of which have ,b.cun fully noticed already i Tue Trinuse, The * Bymposium ** on nvecro muffrage, from which very liberal oxtracts wera mude for Mon- day’a issue, 18 ono of tho most fmportunt and charncteriatic political articles Intely scen in any of the magazines. It occuples about fifty pages of the Jeevew, und of cuurse we could present the merest outlines of it in oar columns. It will bo found well worth readiug entire, Mr, Hassard’s article, * Cryplogughy in Politics,’ was also reprinted 10 part, but it contained specimens of ciphers for which curlous readers must go to the Nevlew. A criticlsm of * ‘Phe Pallosophy of Jonuthan Edwards,” by Prof, Fisher, of Yale, which reminds one of “the old regime in the editorship of the Leview, is a feat- ure of this number. Other articles are: The Indlan Problem,) by Gen, Nelson A. Miles; * Russian Novels and Novellsts of the Doy, by 8. E. Shavitel, The value of thie March Scribuer's was sn thoroughly discounted by the preliminary noticu printed in this column tast week that liltle re- mnlusku be suld of ft now. Mr. Bowker's arii- cle, ** A Coliege Camnp nt Lake Geore,” (s en- tertaining and will bo specially valued by Co- Iumbia Collezo men and members of the Alpha Delts b traternity, ‘Theidea of such summer collegee camps 18 excellent. It would e a rood thing §f the shores of Loke George in the Enst and, say, the Madlson lakes in the Weast were dotted with thew, Honest laziness under such circumatances s noble employment, and we are #lad to eec that the Columbin College eamperse out never diaputed this great trugh, R (. Hut~ fleld’s “OId Ml at Newport™ {8 an Im- portant cootribution to Amerlean hise tory, posscsaluy more than ordinary anti- quarfan Interest, The author ie a firm heliever fn the theory of the Scandinavian oririn of thy mill, the name of which, he savs, should be *“The Viotund Baptistery.” The architectural resemblance of ' the old mill? o many Bu- ropean huptisteries 1a shown fn the {lluatrattons, Sldney Lanfer bas n poem *'To Bayard Taylor,’? Jobin Mulr an article_on #The Pasees of the Slerra,” Charles L. Eastlske writes. about. WTastee,” und W. G. Swwner about ‘‘Ihe Panic of 1857." Charles De Kav's paper on * Modjeska " has an attractlve portrait of that charming actress as Jullet, und o villainous one after the palntin by Carolus Duran In the Pennsylvania Academy, *“ Pomouva’s Bridal Trip' 18 7ot 50 guod ns the other Rudder Grange mim"' but sill smusing. The Instail- ment of Haworth’s” this monthis very strong, »The Lato Georre Rapp and the Harmonlsta,? “The Summer Aleove in the farvard Library,” “Some Western Schoulmasters,” by Edwiwd Egeleston, sro the titles of other articles, On ;he whole, this number of Seribner's is cxoel- ent. ‘The February numberof the Ninethenths Century contatux, besldes Prof. Faweett’s article on Indiun Fiannees, which was snotleed editorlally somu duye since, & paper on the distrivution of animals, by Mr. Alfred Wallace. Bome of ihe conclusions of the latter are presented fn another colump of this page. They nare pote- worthy not ouly as a terrs summing upof the ql‘xll:slmu. but for the authonty of the writer in o discussion of this uature. ™ It shauld be, in- deed, no longrer u sclentitle question whetler the want of & perfect chiain of testimony can be considered full disprool of the Evolution hypothesis, As an bypothesis, the vreseice ol a few connecting ks s sutlicient to siveita standing, If all the links could Le found aud put tozether it would nolonger be 4 theory, but afact, This number of the mazazive also has anote from Mr, Heury Irving justifylne his fn- torpretation of the ling fu Janvet, * Look now on this pleturs and on that,”! The objection to the use of medalllons at this polnt i3 very obvious, © A stutlon Hie the herald Mer- cury "’ could hardly be exbibited i such con- tructed apace, Mr. Irving culls nttention to the fact, too often forzotten, that the staze Is sup- posed to have four walis, ‘Che portraits may b finagined as hanglng on the wall townrd the nudience, or gu plctured to the mind of the netor looking in that direetion, A too rigld in- terpretation in elther resyect ean only have a cramping nnd deadenlng offcet, An importnnt, sclentitle article, which it is {mpossible (o glve an adequate idea of in this place, Is Mr. J, Nor- man Lockyor’s *The Chemfesl Elements,” which the evidenco for hils theory of the con pound nature of the clementary bodies 1s again fully etated, The other titles ‘in this numbor are: “Fellx Autolus Dvnnlonp, Bishop of Orleans,” by Mons. C. do Warntout (with a note by Dr. Dollinger); * Liberty in Germany ' (co cluded), by Leonurd A, Monteflore; * O0ld Mase rs at the Winter Exllll:lllwlufi" by Prof, C: vin: “The Poor fn F) the Rey, ! 1 y“uh R A Repty 1o Bhopkeepurs,"” by rli- Harper's for March opens with a careful and, on the whole, fust paver by 8. G, W, Lenjamin entitled ¥ Present Tendencivs of — Amerfean Art.” The writer has sume partiality for the New York school as compared with that of Bas- ton; but he spenks wone too warmby of thy grest lmruhu glven of lute to Amertedn Art by 1ne studles fn froure of many members of _the New York Avadel il the Influenee o Ger- mut [dens i pron % figure-palnthne, The predominance of the Freneli vehanl (i Boston §s deprecated Ly Mr. Benjunin, who does uot heaie tate to eay; **Boston fs fule ruther than Broad i it fntelleetunl tralts ™5 whils in Now York ** thero seems to be with no less activity and merit than thoss [ !} of Boston an art m ment which is based on broader grounds.” ‘Ihe articlo 18 abundantly fllustrated with speclmens of recent signlilcant ort-works, A Fow Scu- Birds " 18 one of those artleles x0 common mnd weleome to Harper's desioned rather Lo glve o 0 engravings than to convey bur« denrots amount of knowledsee. l0ust Burvey ¥ fs u tmedv sketeh of that fanious 1. stitution, which |8 just now the subjeet of legls- igress, Wao could wish 1hat there Jation in Cs were more publieservive who coulid in this duy de us, 03 Verdinaml Husalar, first Chict of tho Survaey, diil ander Jackson. It fa worth observing fn this councetion hat dackson, though he rutned thic Civil-Service, wus # fivn bellever {o merit and {udustry us quallfi- cationa for oftlee, His putronawe of such e ug Jnsslar il Washlngton leving (s sheuificant of suine [deus ubout the ends of the Clvil- Bervlee not now uclmmll'y entertnined, ¢ Tha English Howe of the Washinetons * is an urticle which, tuken {n conneetion with the pedigreo ot the Duteh brauch of,the famlty fu the lust oum- her of the Mayazne o American History, thyows anuw lght onan ever-irulttul sabject, ‘Phe firat of a series of papers on *Oil Dutely Masters” 1 this number s devoted to + Rens brandt Yon Ryn.” *Bketches In Tyrol " 18 the titleof another characieristle and beautsfully- fHlustrased article, A paper barburously entitled Whe ‘Tom' Bide uf Macaulay " deals particu. Inrly with the home-llte of the ersayist und his love ot chfldren, W Climates for Invallds " ex- hibits the pre-cminent dlaqualilications of the Unitod Btates fn this respeet, Miss Thackeray sl Mre, Muloch-Craig have short storles i this numbers und the Kusy Chair writes delight. {uby on _many lub{uct.. particularly on Lord TNeavonsfivtd’s ridiculons sud false wentimcot o his spcech announcing thy death of the Princess Aliva i the House ol Lorda, Muemillan’a Mugasine for February prints Prof. Bkeat's {pauiurat lecture at Cainbrivge, which was ‘delivored as long opro as Octooer, 3578, The subject 18 aporopristely *he Study of Auglo-Buxon," Thehistory ol tho Frofessor- ahip b Augle-Saxon at Cawbrideo 18 brieily outlined, [t 18 moro thau 40 vears sioen tho fivat attempt to this end was made, Bir Henry Spelman founded it n 1010, aud Abraham Wheeleck was the flest holder of the Cholr, Willlzm Bomner succeeded him, Unfortunotaly, hawever, the estates of the Bpelmun famlly suffered 80 much In the Civil. Wur that the fouudution was fnsuflicieut, und Somuer had no successor, Prof, Bkeat 18 ‘the rst Profcssor aluco. At Oxford, on tho other hand, thers has been w coustant succession of 'vofessors of Anglo-8axon on tho Rawlingon foundatlon for mory lhn: a uuxllury. nu:ucam‘!:rldun; lulu hm} some shure n romoting e study of thy lopgsge, fulmv Mflcl_mll Kcmble, of “Trinity College, torty curs 8go, printed an cssay on Ve (.fid English Runes,* frons which the ngw moth- od of tue study of Anjzio-Baxou may bo sald to nlmost the firat person who con- * date. 1t aiyes fixed and charnctertatle valuns Lo the vowals, and no longer fnterprots worids . as mere jumbles of consonants, with foters - changeablo vowel-sounds. _Prof, 8kent atrongly nrged the stady of Anglo-Saxon, which s anfd wis more reglacted fn England than In Ger many, or oven fn Amerdea. “Now," continued the Frofessor, ihat the University of Cam bridge lias, for {he second time in Its history, recognized the importance of the study of air oswn wother tongue, I have good hope that (his study will meet with a consideration more in accordnnes with ita merits,” This number of Aacmilan's also contalng the second of Mr, lg':,'lfi"';‘»l ul':'fc".'\"""; “Bl‘c;:lehns‘ {:mnl) Ei tcfln eily 15 Y An Ameriean View of England,” by i Walter i1, Pollocks Mr. J, P MahafTy's second paper on “Tho Age of Homer'; an nartlcle by Thomas Hughes on- * Water- ton’s Wunderlngs’’; an {nstallment of Mrs. Burncett's " liaworth’s*; “Chinese Poctry," h( Bir Walter IL Medhurst; “Notes on Turkish Reform,” by R. Hamilton Tang; and n very able dlscusslun of the proposed reciproeity rem edy for the depression in English trade, by A, J, Witwon. This s, 1t will be admitted, n very strong showlng for one number. It cotitics . Macmilan’s to"a high place in the oxcellent comnnn[y of our Amerlean magazines, which generally aro better than Dritish periodicals of the same class, SPARKS OF SCIENCE. TIIE DISTRIBUTION O ANTMALS, Alfred R, Wallace, the distinguished naturale Ist, Serites n the last number of the Niueleenth Century of animals and thelr natlve countriva. ‘The conclusion of the article la o clear tihid con- clso summing up of the wholo arcument, ond we glve it in full: “The only mode of explain- ing the existing distribution of Nvlrg things Iy by a constant reference to those comparatively | alight but often Importaot changes of sea und Iand, which tho most recent rescerches show to be alone probable; nud, what {8 still more Im- vortant, by recognizing the undoubted fact thut every group of animals whose distribution is discontinuous {8 now more or less in n frape mentary condition, and has, in all orobability, once, had a much more extensive range, to which Its present distribution may olfér no clow whatever. Who ~woull ever have {magined, for example, that the horae tribe, now contined to Africa sl Asfn, formerly ruaged over the entire Ameriean Contlnent, north und south, fn ereat sbundance and varlety; or that the camel tribe, now conflned to Central Asta tnd the Andean region of South Ameriea, for- * merly ubounded in- North Amerles, whene, in fact, our existing camels were almost certanly derived? How casy it i to linegino thut analo- gous causes to those which hase so recently ex- terminated the horses of Ameriea and Europe might have acted fn o somuwhat different diree- tlon, and bave led to the eurvival of horses in South America and Africa, and thelr extar- mination clsewhere. Had this been the case, buw strong would hava been the argument for 8 former union of these two continents; yet wo now know that theas widely separated &pecles would g, nerely the relies’of 2 onco dominant qu“ which hat” occupled amd become extiuct n all the northern continents, *Discoveries of extinct forms remote from the countrics they now iohabit are continu- ally furnishing 1is with new proofs that the preat nurthern continents of the two hemi- Avberes wera really the birthplace of almaost, if not quite, all the chief forms of aufmal life upou the globe; whils change ‘of cilmute, cnlininating In the giacial epoch, scems to have heen the motive power which lins driven tuany of these forms Into the tropical fauds where they now anlone exist. “1f wo pive full welght to these varlous considerations, and at the samne thne bear con- stantly {n mind the extreme fmperfection of our kiowledge of extinet Iand enlnnls, we shall, I beheve, bave no difficuity in explaining most of the apparent anotanlies fn zoological dis- tribution, and In tmaginkig a possible und oven prouable solution of thoso extreme cases of difticulty which the facts at our command do not yes permit us to explain in detnil. “Let us now briclly summarize the general princlples an wiilch the solation of problems Zoolutelen] distribution degends. ** Durinz the evolutlon of exlsting forms of anlmal lile, wo ‘may pletire to ourselves the oroduction of suctessive types, cach In turn . creosings i varlety of specfes and genera, spreading uver mord or less extenslve regions of Use corth?s surface, uud then, afterarrlving ue a maximim of development, passing throuen varlovs stages of decay, dwindling toa slugte Renus or 4 Fingle specied, und fually Lecominge extlnet. While the forms of 1ife uro thus, etell in turn, moving oo from birth to maturity and Irom matueity to deesy nnd death, the earth'a eurfuce will lic underzolng Important Pnyslcnl chanzes, whizh will sometimes unite and somes Hmes separate contizuous contluents or istwnds, leading nuw to the intermingling, now to he tsolatlon, of the progressing or dimintshing groups of aulmals. Again, we know that clie mates have often changed over o considerably portion of the earth, 8o that what was at one thine on almost tropleal region bas become nunther timo temperate, ond then even aret uind these chan have, it 1s belteved, be mauy thnes repeuted, leading each time to im- vortant chanzes, migrations, und extinetions ot anhial und vegewmble llo, It [ by the combimed offect of these thres distinet s¢ts of causes, cetime and reactine on each other [n various complex wavs, that luve bren produced those curlous esamipius of erratle distributlon of speeies aml geners which havo heen 80 Jongg w puzzle to the naturalist, but which have wow, it 18 bolteved, beon shown to bo the natural und Inevitable results of tha process of animal development, combined with constant chanpzes n tho geograohy and In tho climato of the carth,” i ANIMALS SENSITIVE TO NIDICULI. Mr. Siduey Buxton, in one of his smusing popers on animals In the Animal Borid for February, anys that dogs and liorses are, s for 88 he knows, the only animala scnsitive to ridl- cule, while cats und birds ara wholly unawara that they are bofng Inughed at, Hotells of o rpony of his own which gets very cross whe dispuraging remarks are mado upon hfm, and “* becomes furious, nud stamps about Wils stall, utting hack his ears, and attempting to bite,'" l’: he §s openty luughed at, while pralse urunl.iv pleased b, The truth s, that it §s only thuse creatures which can feel sayinpathy with men whieh can also appreclate rldienle, " The horss symputhilzes evidently with many of Ms rider’s feetinzs wid umuscmenta, while the dog eaw en- ter into no sunll proportion of bis feclize, JBuc birds and carg, though often exceedingly affee- tlonnte, nud full of uttachmont to tndividuals, hardly evor attempt to enter fnto human el fugzs,—as Cowper’s dox *Bean,” far mstavee, eotered fnto’the poet’s desire to possess bhine sell of the woter-lity, Tho hatred “of ridicule slwaya yeconipanics u capacity for sympathy, Certatnly dous, and probably horses, know tis diference between hofngr latighed nt'in derlaton, us we lsuch ot a fool, und belg luughed - ut o udmiration, =8 we . laugh af 'n gond comle actor, and enfoy the lutter ue wnuch as they resent tho former, 1t 15 questionable, hawever, whether soma par- rots do ot understunl uid sujoy the practics of malking fuw of thelr human aequaintances,—do not apprecinto the art of duplang, und take pleas- ure tn {te—Speclator, THE TRLECIROSCOPE. London Times. M. Benlecy, of Ardres, hus receutly submitied to the cxnmfuation of MM, Du Moncel and Halles o plan of an appurutus intended to ropro- dueo telegraphicatly ut u distanco the lnages ob- tatned In the camers obivurs, This apprratus wiil be based on the property possessed by see lentuw of offering a varkablo und very sensttivo cleetrleal resistunce, aceording to thy different geadations of lght.” “Uhe sppuratus will Of @i ordmary camera obseura containl the focus au unpaliehed elass, und any of autogruphic telegraphie trausmissio truviug-point of the transmiiter futen traverse te surface of e unpollahed gl will 1 of amall picee of selonfum held by actine ad pincers, -sulated sud , ono with a plle, tho ather with the T'hw poiut of sclentun will form tha chw cuit, In gliding over the surfy Hghtencd up, of thy unpollshed glass, this potnt will conmnunleate, fu difforout degrees und with sitiveness, the vibratlous'of the light. ver will also bo a tracing-polut ot cud or pencil for drawing very tinely, ed with avery thiu plute of soft fron, Licld whnost s in the Bell ‘teleptione, und_ vi- brating before an electro-mutnet, coverned by the lrrecutar curront cmitted o tho llue, Thta poucil, supporting asheetof paperarraoged fo 03 to recelve the lupression of th fmago produced fn the camern obscura, will troualato the vibrutions of the metalllc pluto Ly a more or Tews pronounced pressure ou that sheet of paper. Should the selenfuimn traclng-point run over o lght surface the current will locrease In luten. sity, the electro-maguct of the receiver wit} . uttrace toft with greater force the vibrating vlute, and the peneil wil) exert less pressure pu tho paper, ‘Ulie Hog thus formed will be searce- v, It at all, vislble; the contrary witl be the case If the surfuce be obscure, for, the reslstance ot the current inereaalny, the attraction ol the wmatrnet will dinijoish, uud the pencll, pressing more un the paper, will leave upou it o durker lue. AL Eealeey thinks ho will suceesd fu plin. lifyluyg this apuaratus b mvnrrsshxF the ¢lee Frwu guct, and collec Inf: directly "ou -the pnuur’t‘y meaus of & particular compuosition the different wrudations of tiuts proportionul te the {utepsity of the eleetric current, niore or lusa |