Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 21, 1879, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: FRIDAY- FEBRUARY 21, 1879—TWELVE PAGES, ; r = Tlye Tribane, TERMS OF SUBSCRIIITON. s 11,—IN ADVANCR—TPOSTAGE PREPAID. NY MAL— e 3.00 2,50 200 Uree, Eaturdsy kd WLE! Oune copr, per year, S Ereetmen copica sent free. Give Post-Utlice tddress In fulty focludlug State and unty. cl(em‘;nnntumummnd_u cither by dratt, esprem, Tost-Olfice otder, or in registerrd letter, AL oug Tiak. TERMS TO CITY AUBSCRINERA a5, delivered, funday excepted, Z3centa per wweek, Dsfiy, delivered, Surday inchuded, Addresn Tl AN Corner Madison and Henenors Orders tor the delivery of Tux Tuiw Koglewood, and Ityde Park jefe lo the countd g-roown willzeceive fronibt siten TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, 0 Tmm‘;: has established branch offices fey hesecelyt of Pubscriptions and sdvertircinents s W YORR—Toom 20 Tribune bulldtog. F.T.Ma+ » 10 Rue de 1n Grange-Tatelfere. rr, Agent Eng.—American Exchange, 440 Strand, [3 wreet Y MeVicker's Theatree, Madison atreet, between Pearborn and State. Ene gagemont of Miss Ads Cavendist. **Jsoe Shore.” Iaverly’s Thentre. Dearborn street, corner of Monroe. of Yr. John A. Stevens. **Unknown.* Kogagsment Maaley’s Thentre. fiandoleh rireer, Earween Crk and T.asalle. Fne gagement of tho New York Criterion Comedy Compar ny. **Wolms," ' Jinmlin's Thentre. Clarlk street, oproslte the Court-louse, **Leapold.” Variely eotertatnment. Affeinoon and evenlug, Motropatitni Thenatre, Cinrk street, opporta Sherman Houre. ** Tina, the Milkvender of Germautown." Varlety entertaiument. Acadeny of susie. Iiateted street, Letween Madion und Monros, Va« rlety entertatnment. McCormick Tall North Clark strect, corner Kinzie. Eymphony Con- cert. 4 \ MEETINGS. a1, A, F. AadA. Mo=tlall, - (Friday) i vise FRIDAY, FEDRUARY 21, 1870, ‘The doath of Bishop Forey, of Chicago, was mnde the subject of resolutions of re- speet and condolence unanimously passed yesterday in both Houses of-tho Illinois Leg- islature. The bark Shooting Star, having on honr@l Cranres W, Axoewy, the eminent Enzopenn fourist, formorly of Chicago, has been righted off the const, aud will arrive in a dny or two. Mr. Axoewn's return is anxiously awaited, — e Gen. Loaax arrived in Washington yestor- day, and was treated to a recoption organizod in honor of his roturnto the United States Bennto. What time this was going on fienator Ocresny was in his seat, whare ho Tiad been for eleven hours continuously, fight- ing the ‘Brazilian subsidy grab, Ifis suc- cessor was fighting thoe War of tha Reobellion over again in his spceck to1Ho.bvationists, There were but two Demoerats in the House who hnd the honesty nnd the man- hood to vote apainst the admission of. Finvrex as tho contestant of the seat for two yenrs occupied Ly Dispre, of the Becond Florida District, aud it is gratifying to note that Oanten H. Hanmisoy, of Ohiengo, was one of tho two, The 1esult of the perform. ance at this Iate day is simply to voto Fix. rey full poy for the two years he huns not served, and for the term for which ho was nover olected. It is a small partisan grab that the Demoorats ought to bo ashamed of. e The subsidy-grab nttachment to the Post. Oflice bill was finally successful in the Seu- ate, and tho bill now goes to the House, whero thero i3 some hope that it will be dofonted. JonN Roacu. gets the plum, though its richness is somewhat impaired by tha requirenient that ho must keep up two lines,~one from New York and thoe .other from Now Orleans, the disconlinuanco of cither to work the forfeiture’of the entire contract. Oue of tho lines will, of courso, be unprofitable, and the mnrgin lett for di- vision amonyg the ever-faithful, by whose votes tho bonus wna socured, will be by so much reduced. — ‘Tho true inwardness of tho Brazilian sub. sidy job nttohed to the Post-Ofles Appro. priation bill was demonstratod Yosterdny in the prompiness with which a proposition wns voted dowu that oponed the door to /fres competition for {ho contract. The amendmont referred to provided that tho service might Lo performed by vossely “owned, commaudad, and manned by eiti- zens of tho United Statos,"—in offect, that the Brazilian mails and commerce may be carried in any ship that an Amor- fean may buy in the chenpost mar. kat. The pasaage of such an umendment ‘would invite competition nnd reduce the cost of the mall service, aud yot §t wns defented by almost two to one, 'The Inference to be drawn is {uevitable, and it Is that if Jonx Roaou doesn’t got this subsidy there's no use voting it, and that it is of no consc quence whether tho mailsare carried or com- mereo ia stimulated unless one particular Huo does the currying and gets the monoy, —— A, Public-Printor Depnees hos writton a vory open letter to Representative Fivvey, of Ohiv, in which e (Deraees), uftor giving the Olio Congressiman to understand that hio (Frveoy) has beou guilly of serious fudiscre. tions, otherwiso cullad fulsohouds, in his stataments concerniug the management of . tbo National Printiug-Oflice, prococds to give Mr. Fiscey aud tho rest of mankind an iden o4 to tho exteut aud capabilities of the estab- lishueent which has for several yenrs done the priuting for Congross, also giving the cost of such work, It appesrs from My, Derares’ lolter (hat ho is at tho head of oo of the bggest publication-houses in the world, whero the turniog-ont of a thousand.page octavo work js nccomplished in tho brief space of forty. eight hours, and many big undertakings which would furnish work for wonlhs iu even the largest printing-ofiices outside of ‘Washiugton are hero put through the various processes and luid before the world i covers within the shortest possiblo time. Mr. Derures is remarkably expiicit in everything be says regording Lis estublishment, and does uot deviate frowm his peculior stylo in dealivg with what hoe deems the iwpudent ond unjust assertions of the wember from Onio,» In the position Le has tuken tho ‘ublic Printer is, unfortunately for Fivuoy, sustained by tho roport of a former commit. teo of a Democratic Tnnse. v The State Oanal Convention at Ottawa yesterdny proved to bo n large and thore oughly represontative gathering, aml one whose gartiest requust to the Logislntura for Stato aid to operato and maintain the flinols & Michigan Canal and provont it from being abandoned in conscquenco of tho conspiracy of tho railronds should receive prompt attention nt Springfield, The Conven- ton s to bo' commouded for its good senso in confining ita nttontion to the one thing of vital consequence, viz., the approprintions neccssary to cover nny defiolt that may nrise in conse- quenco of the low rates forced by railrond competition, 'flxln is the mntter which im. medintely concerns tho friends of the canal, ‘fho question of Congressionnl support to the project of oulargement to tho capacity of a ship eanal i3 not of equal urgency at the present juncturo, and the question of wrest- ing the Lake-Front from Chicago -may with great ndvantnga to the interosts of the caunl Lo indefiuitely postponed. SHALL THE NATION ABDICATE? The conclusion reached by the Bourbon najority of the Democratic House of Repro- sentatives i, that waless the law regulating glections of members of Congress sud pun- ishing frauds theroat be repealed they will pnralyze the Government by refusing to allow any npproprintion to bo made for the support of the nution. It is an opon decla- ration of State Sovereignty as ngninat Na- tional Uniou; it is a detnand that all national nuthority to maiutain national supremacy ahnll be nbandoned and given up to the sev- oral States, which nre to Lo *‘sovereign” in declaring who slinll be admitted ns Repro. sentatives to Congress, who shall dictate legislation, and who ‘shall control the policy and manngement of the Government, A graud suxiliary of this revolutionary pro- coeding s the *caucus” The Southern members nro in a wminority in Congress, but they mnke up four-fifths of the Democratio membars, A Solid South, ebtained by fraud, perjury, forgery, and violence, would still bo powerless of itself. It must have Northern nsyocintes and Northern copsrconcrs in order to rulo the House. Ionco tho caucus, Into this meoling the Northern doughfaces— the men who submitted to the slaveholding lash before the War, aud wero then too cow- andly to openly engnge in the Rebelion they bad encournged—are dragooned. In the spocinl caueuy on this subjeot, Braoknuny, of Kentucky, the most virulont of all tho Bour- Lons, was chosen for presiding officer in the Touso, by whosa decision this measnre was to be declared in order, and for forly-eight bours the House has been laboring under this decision: thap it isin order to includa in an appropriation bill a repeal of tho lnw nking it n critninal offensa to practice fraud, perjury, aud forgery in tho election of mem- bers of Congress, Tho Demoeratic members from the North yicld assent ta this revolu. tionary business, nud, by their approval, Mr. Bracknunx waves tho banner of Blate Soverolgnty,—the shicld and bucklor of an independent and Solid South. TRebellion by the revolution of pnrflnmimt- ary laws, by the overthrow of parliamentary practices, and- by the goneral but gradual wtripping awny of nll the powers of tho National Govérmment, and their transfer to the irresponsible mwobs called State Governments at tho South, is - hardly any less ‘effectunl in tha destruction of tho Uovernment than tho levy of hostilo armics aud open, naggressive war, It was supposed that with tho War the- oninl of tho natiounlity of the United States would terminate. It had been found that the Natioiul Governmout was possessed of every power requisite for ita own defenso and for its own presorvation ngainst foroign or domestio enmity. Congress is & most easential branch of tho National Government. ‘The Constitution determines that reprosenta- tion in Uongross shall be npportioned nceord- ing to population, nnd that these Representa- tives shall be electod by the paople of the aoveral Statos. When this most essen- tinl fenture of constitutional reprosou- tation is defeated, thou tho nationnl nuthority is appropriately, wisely, and necosearily exercised whon it provides tho means whoraby Roprosentatives in Con- gresa ¢ shall be chosen by the people of the soveral Btates,” nud not by a mob or crgan- ized banditti, vesorting to violonce, forgery, and perjury, to declnre mon Representatives who have never been clected. 'This oxorciso of national authority to preserve the integri- ty of natinnal represontation is regarded by the Solid South as an sxhibition of a nation. nlity that is offensive to Btate Suversiguty, nnd must, therefore, be rebuked and aban- doned ; and, to carry iuto effeot this nssertion of soveroignty ns the antidote for nationality, the House of Represontatives, at the demand of the Solid South, hns beon for sovernl days attemptiisg to rovolutionize the forms of log- islation, It is worthy of note that the act of Con. gross the roponl of which js demnuded by tho Holid South is n general law, as applicn. blo to tha State of Maine as to Louisiann, and to Towa ng to Mississippl. Yot the law is not offeusiva to the polidcnl morality of any Northurn Stuto excopt Now York., Ount- uide of New York City itis ouly objeoted to in those Boutburn States whore violenve, and fraud, and crime are mecessary to defont and prevout the election of Raprosontatives to Congress by the people of the suwioral States, Such an election ‘is inconsistent with the maintenance of n Bolid South, No white 1ann or colorod man must be permitted to go to Congress, no wmatter how usanimous ny bo the popular voto, who is not satis- factary to the ** Regulators,” who govern all oleotions in tho iuterost of the dowmiuant Blate-Sovereignty party,—the adborents of the Lost Oaus. ‘Phis revolutionary conduct is ouly toleruted by thie action of the North. ern Domocrats, who thereby muke them. aclves responsibla for all tho consequencus that may follow, Tho votes in tho Senato on the job to ap. proprinte §3,000,000 to Mr, Joux Roacn to piy hiw for ranumg o lue of steamships from Now York to Iimazil exhibit some re. markablo features. ‘L'nus the Bunators from Maine, Bravg and Haxuy, and Coxguino, of New York, voted for this subsidy,—there leing fuvorite sons fu thoso Stutes appealing to Penusylvania pauperism, by a vole of mouuvy from the Treasury, Seunator Fruny, who for tho time ropresonts tho Stato wf Alichigan, iy clamorons for a lino of stenmers to Bruzil, The peoploe of Kansas asud of Nebraska, who are subjeot to grasshopper visitutious, leaviug them and their stock to perish with hunger, will undoubtedly rejoice to Leur that Seuators Inaarta and Tuuus aud T'avnock sud Bawoess valiantly voted that $3,000,000 be yuised by taxation, and the money puid over, to let that sturdy paue per, Joax Rtoacy, run a liue of steawmers to DBruzil, 1t will cheer tho people of these Htates to know that, in place of old Bubsidy Pomeroy, fthey now - lhava four solid votes for this nioat seandalons nnd notorinus robbery, and, of course, for all the other subsidios. The farmers of Konsng and Ne- braska may sulfac from bad crops, tho drought, railroad exumlwfl, aud grnss- hoppers, but thay will endure nll theso thiugs patiently eo long ns their Eenntors vote chunks of {hree millions of dullarg of coin to run steamships {o Brazil. Of course the two Senators from Oregon volad for steam- era to Brazil,—tne trade between Brazil and Oregon is a lively one, and then, you know, next week the Paciflo Mall will want voles for n subsidy, and Kiansay, and Ne- braska, awd QMioligan, asud AMinne. sots, wml Missont will resolutely vote othor millions for ‘that shame- loss job. 'The Btate of Arkausas, Col- ormdo, and Nevadn, judging from tho voles of their Bonntors, either conclude that subsldy is tho mnin purpose of government, or that the commercial relntions botween those States and Brazil aro so intimnte that to expend £3,000,000 to foster the trade would bo economical Iegislation. Rhode Islaud and Counecticut, with help from Now Tfnmpshire and Mussnchuselts, voted solid for subsidy. ‘'These Sonators argue that it must bo a pleasuro to tho peoplo of the West to be taxad seversl milions of dollnrs annually, and to have their monay exponded upon pauperized steamship companies to run vessols tb Brazil. All tho ecarpet-baggers whose terma expire ot tho close of this sca- sion nro making a grand strugglo for subsidy. This is their Inst chance to shore in n division, and so it is with them a question of subsidy now or never THE MEXICAN TRADE CRAZE. There have beon desperate efforts during the pnst yonr to creato an ontbusinsm among the peoplo of this country in regard to our 4 Sister Repuulic,” better known ng_ Moxico. These efforts have had a political aim in part, a3 they have genornlly confessed an ultimate purposo of anuexing * Greasar land " to the United Statos. When they have not gone o far ns this, they hava been dirceted to *“the promotion of commerce between the two countries,” to which the schomo for sn in- teruational railrosd is naturally jucidental, A fow Chicago gontlemen, with aspeculativo turn of mind and a power of viston which onables them to discern gie gantio profits in tho fulure, have given much attontion to the Iattor part of tho dlexiean Craze, and, undor {ho name of the * Chicago Manufacturing Assoointion,” have sought to communicnte soino of their optimistic onthusinsm to the merchants of Chiengo and other largo citics. Their efforts m' this direstion oncounterod o serions ob- staclo in the lotter of Minister Foster on the condition of Mexico, which ho described to be the very roverso of all their rose-colored “theorics, Though this letter was writton at tho solicitation of the so-called Mauufactur- ing Assoointion, the Chiengo gentlemen who run that institution immedintely ropudinted it, affected to diseredit its plain, matter.of- fact statements, imputed unworthy motives to the writor, aud sat nbout to orgamizs a junketing excursfon to the sistor Republic, T'his excnrsion hns beon written up in glow- mg terms in two or threo nowspapers, and one in partienlar—the spocinl organ of tha Moxican Craza—has piotured everything oon. temporancously Mexican ns' glorious as the Elegends of tho MoNTEZUMAS, Tue Trmune, simply desirous of arriving ot the actunl facts, obtained from Mr, IL.' N, IRust, o merchant of this city who accom- ponted the excursion, n record of his im. presstons, which wo printed yosterday {n the shape of nn interview. 'The saliout fentures of Minister Fosten's lotter wore brought fo Mr. Rust's attontion, and the latter's recent personal observation confirms Mr. Fosren's statementa in every ossentinl particulnr, In. deed, Mr, Rost reports that the necurncy of Minister Fostza's statemeunts is not disputed oven in Moxico, and tho only complaint Presidont Diaz had to makoe of it was that Mr., Fosremn did not credit Mexico with enough of its Intent advantages that might Lo developed by American ontorpriso. Ad- mitting this, American ontorpriso is shut off at the border by the condition of socioty, the ignorance, supersiition, and. intoleranca of tho great majority of tho inhabitints, the prolubitory tariffs, tho burden of taxn. tion, the insccurity of life and property, the rovolutionary tendencies of all clusses, the consequent instability of Governmont and laws, and the disinclination of the Mexicnus themselves to closer aflilistion with the Awmerican pooplo, 3 The Mexican sentiment ns to nn interna. tional railrond, designed to unite Mexico and tho United States, nnd lead to an onlarge- ment of reciproeal trade, is well illustrated by the nction of tho Congrers in regard to a contract which Prosident Diaz hod par- tinlly concluded with American cnpitalists for building such a ailrond. Tho Mexican Congresa would not recognize the contraat, exeept on the bosis of first building and muking o trunk-line of & railrond untirely within their own territory reaching to the Pacitlo const, after which they would allow a branch to bo buill In the direction of the Americun border as far, porhaps, ns Mata. morng, 'Tho confessed purpose of this and other bostilo condilious wus to confine Amor- ican trado to water competition with the Bu. ropenn trude, ou the ground that any do. cided advantage which tho Amoricans might goin would threaten the politionl indopend. once of Mexico, and perhaps re. sult In anuexation, This usction shows that the ruling classes of Aluxico are opposed ta the schome of .an ioftore oational railrand 08 its American promoters understand the project. As to the ability of AMaxico to subsidizo such a railroad to the ox- tont of B16,000 n milo, this dream may be dissipated at once by tho statement that the Govorument onunot ralse revenuo to pay ita arny, notwithstandlug the menace with which unpnaid and discontented sgoldiera threnten tha existing Government, ‘The ratl- road which Mexico has alvendy, bLullt by Dritish copital, doos not pay, in spite of the exorbitaut rates whioh are necossitated by tha poverty of patroungo. Some 1dea of theso charges may bo gathered from the fuct that, thongh Mr, Rust was favored with a special rate, ho was obliged to pay $4 per 100 pounds for transportation over 260 miles of railroad from the City of Mexico to Yern Cruz. Trado §s under u permanent emburgo in Mexico by reason of the tariff, or rather tariffs, that provails thero, The General Government exacls ono tariff, each State another, aud tho ity wherd the goods are camigued o third, T'hore are examinations, delays, commissions, nud extortions without limit, Mr, Ruse cites tho item of brooms to illustrate the ecfecot of this systemn: Brooma that aru sold for §2 a dozen in New Yorlk City or Now Orleaus, cost &7 and §8 a dozen in tho Oity of Mexico, In aoddition to tho three-fold duties, there mro lightorago “chnrges, necessi. tated by tho noglect of tho Gevernment to improve the harbors; thora are commissions to brokers, who nlone nre able to master tho intricnoles of tho officinl system, aud got goods in or ont of tho country ; and thers 1s constant danger of total loss from robbors and bandittl, Exeliange on Now York 18 25 per cent ddvance, which nlono tells the whole slory, 'This cundition of things has driven English merehants ont of, the coun. try, so that only threo Enghuh firms rotnain in tha City of Mexico, ond tha foreign trade Lins boen mouopolized by a certniu class of Germans, who have reduced amuggling to o fine.nrt, who trade with the banditti, and who do buciness on n basis with which Amerfean morchants could not aud would not compete. Evon if all theso obstacles conld bo surmounted, there nre not over 1,000,000 peopla ont of a population of 7,000,000 who would bo ablo or care to pur. chase of foreign goods; tha other 6,000,000 aro n poverty-stgeken, filthy, and mongrel race, who work in ditches or on the farms for 23 conts o day about half the year, and do notb requiro more than 1,60 & year to clothe themselves seantily with cheap cotton and prints, e 2 “The unsettled and insccure condition of sacisty is auother fatnl objuction to anything like politieal nffilintion with the Mexicans. Mr, Rust reports that the railronds have troops to guard them, both ot the stations and on tho traina; that, in,n short excursion to the couniry in search of antiguities, ho and Lwo or threo others wero protected by a specinl escort of cavalry j aud thet, oven while walking the stveets, policemen fol. lowed them to save them from attack and Lighwny robbery. Fvery house has iron bnrs on its windows, and looks like a jall, and small merchants do business with re- volverg at their side to protect their proper- ty. Al this indientes that thelnws are not -ouforced iu the samo senso a3 in tho United States or other civilized countries. The mass of the people nra at lesst 200 yonrs Debind the time in their manner of building, in ngrlcultural implements and tools, and in tho art of living: y Until thero slall be a revolution in Mexico difforcnt from any of the numerous rovolu- tions that have taken placo thore,—one that shall roform tho Government, tho laws, the people, aud tho commercinl practices,—no schemo for the development of international trade, nor any political project of cither au- nexntion or reciprocity, will be practicable which is not fonuded upon the policy of con. quest, occupation, and provincial govern- ment like that which England has adopted in the caso of her African and Indian acqui- sitious, And tho spirit of our Government ultnost necessarily excludes such an under- taking, . THE NEGRO IN POLITICS, Mr. Jonn Moneay McKowx writes to Tne TuisuNe from Arcols, 1., in regord to tho “ Bymposium"” on the subject of negro suf- frago printed in the current number of the North American Revico, Wo print his lot- tor in another column, It is written ina mystcrious style, which leaves its particular wvigoificance a good deal in donbt, but we infer that ho credits the origination of the # Symposium™ at this time to Benator Buawve for tho double purposo of bringing tha Intter's Presidentinl nspirations into prominence and of heading off n movement on the part of the Southern Domocracy to capture the colored vote in tho Southern Statea. If wa place the proper construotion upon Mr. MoKown's communication, we must diffor with him' in both points. It is not likely that Mr. Brame originated the “Symposium " at all ;’ it is probabloe that tho idea occurréd to the enterprising conductor of the North American, which is printing a geries of such disoussions, and that Mr. Braie was choson to lend and close the de- bate as one of tho most competent mon for the duty, Wo do not 'think it is fair, thero- fore, to oliarge Mr, Bramve with any selfish purposo in partaking of tho discussion. As {o the probable Democratic “enpture™ of tho colored vole, we are inclined to think that the metheds pursued in severnl of the Southern States ore not ealculnted to win the losting affection of tho blacks for the Demacratio party, though the latter muy be thereby temporarily coerced into submission to Democratioc rule. "' real condilion of the binck voto at the South may ho likened to that of the Irish voto nt the North, Tho black vote is ahnost solidly ntiached to the Republican party as tho Irish voto in Northorn cities is almost solidly Democratic. Ilore and thore, indl. vidual negroes may vote the Democratic ticket from ohoice, just as individual Irish. men ocenslonnlly ¥ote the Ronublican ticket, Now and thou n largo body of negroes may vote with tho Democrats voluntarily on some locnl insue, just as a large body of Irish Dem.- ocrata voled with tho Republicans last fall in tho clootion of Sheriff for CQuok County, but the rule in both cases is as wo lave stated it. Tho difference between theso two closgus of votors is this: Irsh citizons at tho North have full and equal rights with . nll other cltizens to voto what- over ticket they prefer, without bull. dozing, intimidation, throats, or violonce, while tho mnegro citizous in certain sections of tho South can only vote the ticket of their choice, if at all, nt the risk of theirlives, or bodily injury, or loss of cm- ployment, The practice ut the Bouth scoms to permmit negroes n fréo baslot only in those sections whero they are hopelessly in the minority, and whera their voting n Ropublic- on tickot eannot possibly influonco thae re- sult, while in disticta whero the nogroos are in & majority they aro proventod from voting in suficient numbers to clect thoir ticket, or thoy ave coerced into voting the Democratio ticket in sufliciont numbars to insuro ita suc- cess, or they aro swindled out of their votes by tissue-ballots and other fraudulent dovicos. A discussion of the onfranchisement of the negroes s timely, thoreforo, ns n means for ascertaining how that enfranchisowoent can bo nssured to them, inustead of being n more thoory aud delusion, Tho Ropublican party Lins no other purpose in keaping this ques- tion ulive than that of gunrantesing to the negeo the rights pledged to him by, the con- stitutional mmondments, whatever ticket ho votes, just as the naturalized Lrish Democrats aro proteoted in- tho Nozth: In fuct, many Tepublican nowspapors, under the lead of Tuv Onicaco ‘Trmunz, have favored such influonces na are likely to resultin a division of tho negro vote betweon tho two partiod at the Bouth, because thisseemed the surest and speedicst way of proteoting the blacks in their political rights, and becanso thoro has been a confidonce that a loss of negro'votes wonld be miore than counterbal- anced by a similer divislon iu the white vote of the Boulh. Bo long, howaver, as the negro ouly votes tho Domoeratio ticket under compulsion, or is not permitied to vote at all in case Le will not submit to such compul. slon, this project of u voluntary diviston be- twoon tho two partles cannot be carried out, Mr, MoKows was certaluly in the right ton yoars ugo, whan, &4 ha kave. ha sdvaoated _megro suffrage in Virginia, and equally so .now whon ho saya that the Democratio party was wrong in oppositig it. Dut the Demo. eratio party at tho Sonth is just aa far wrong now in ita repression of tiio negro's froo ex- orofso of the franclise ns it was whon it re- sisted the movement to onfranchise tho blacks. 'The Republican parly lina no reason to fonr the disnflectton of tho negroes in any large numbers so long ns the Democrats . pursua tho policy of fraud, iIntimidation, and violonce, for such polioy is oaleulated to inorenso the negro's nttachment for the Republican party, aud in that respect Mr, MoKowx's nrgument Is faulty ; Lut it is still the duty of the Re. publican party to the ndgro and to itself to renist the Democratle policy of fraud and coercion, which is a nogation of the negro's right to vote, and not in any legitimato sonse & Domocratic gain of that vote, = HOW A STRIKE ENDED. Wo Intely predicted that a vast emigration would result from the prevailing distross in England, The exodus has commencad in good enrnest, British policy, which has driven nearly half tho peoplo of Ircland to foroign lands, 18 boginning to freezo out the descenidants of the Normans, from & country, too, richer than auy other on enrth, The London Spectator of Fob, 1 gives tho partic- ulars of a noted recent cnse of omigration on n large scale. 'The farm-laborers of Kent stiuck agninst o reduction of wages. The farmors, locked them out, belioving that tho prossure of the hard times would forco them to yleld. But the younger men resolved lo emigrato to Now Zenland and introduce iuto the colony the cultivation of Kentish hops, The result was, the Government of New Zonland nssisting thom, oight hundred mon, **tho pick of the countryside, left Maidstone for the Antipodes,” Upon this the Spectator remarks: “*Tngland hos, therefore, lost perhaps half a regimont,—five bundred men, —evory ono of whom will, in about two yonrs, draw out two or threa familizs, or per- haps & whole village.” And it adds: **The emigratlon 1s good for the world, and per- haps even for England, or rather for the people who live in it, who ure botter as wall as happler nt the Antipoden than living hero on wages which ara not sutficlent to allow of clvilized 1ifo; but it is impossible not to regzet such lossos, which a dif- *ferent tonurc of the soll would, as wo boticve, prevent. The men, according to an eye-wltnces, who writes in tho Laily Newe, all plead the ab- senco of any prospect of *getting on,'" Lnborers foreed to fleo to the Antipodes Locause in the richest country on the globo ‘¢ wages aro not sufficient to sllow of clvil- ized lifo"! And this when the oauso:is kuown and admitted to bo the Inw of primo- geniture, The origin of this Iaw, upon which the aristocracy of England is formed, is thus satirically alluded to by Larerson in his admirable work on ** Euglish Traita™: 4 Tho Norweginn pirata got what he could, and held it for his cldest son, The Norman noble, who was tho Norweglan pirato bap- tized, did likewige.” In the samo work Ex- EnsoN shows, 1 his tewss, quaint style, the magnitude of some of thesa English ostates, nnd the growth of them undor the oxisting law of tonure. "Ho says: ‘From Darnard Onstle I rode on the highway twenty- three miles from Iigh Torce, a full of tho Tees, townards Darlington, pnst Raby Castlo, through the estato of the Dukoof Crevenaxp, ‘Tho Murquisof BreAvs ALDANE rides ont of his house a hundred miles in o straight lino to tho sen, on his own property.” *Tho possessions of tho Earl of Loxspare gave hilmcight scats in Parliminent, ‘This is the Heptareby agun; and boforo the roform of 1832" one hundred and fifty-four persous sent three hundred and seven mem. bers to Parlinmont.” Tho roform mensura of 1832 was, however, wrung frown the nobility. Hesletance to the. pressuro for it on the part of the poopla forced tho retiroment’ from offico of Lord ‘WerLiNaTON, the most popular Englishman of modern times, Equal resistance wns offered by the Lords to the measure of like character for extending tho suffenge pro- posed by tha Liberals in 1866, nud Earl Rus- Aety, their leader, then Primo Minfster, was driven from power on account cf its failure, Tho passagae of a mors comprohensive mons- ura of lilto import to that proposed by Earl Russern in 1868 was a masteratroke of pol- ioy on the part of Dismarrr. With no drop of English blood in his veits, ho know the British pooplo better than nny other man in England. Ho appraciated tho force of the demand for an enlargoment of the auffrage, and, with a power of lendership unparalicled iu tho history of politics, he forced hiu fol- lowers, tho Tory party, to grant what they bnd so Intely rofused. But, whilo the people mny bo sald to have captured tho political citadel of the British aristocracy by the great parliamentary re. formn measures of 1832 and 1868, they have made no advance toward tho overthrow of its main support,—the law of primogoui. ture, Wa quoto sgain from Esteuson: **Thoso Iargs domains aro growine larger, The rreat cotates arc absorblng tho emals frocnolds, In 1786 the soll of Eugland was owned by 260,000 corporatl and proprictors, nnd In 1822 by 2,000, These broad estates fiud room in this narrow [slaud, All over Enpland, scattered at snort intervals among ship-yards, mills, mines, and forges, aro the parudisca af the nobles, whera the livolong repose and reflncment are Lightened by the conirast with the roar of {ndusiry and ne. cesslty, out of which you have steppod saldo, Wo caunot rofrain from quoting & parn- graph furthor from the work of this keou observor, ILs snys: S+1 was surpriscd to observe the very amall at. tendanco usnally in the Iouse of Lords, Outof 673 Peers on ordinary days, only twenty or thirty, Where ura they? Tasked, ‘At home on (holr cs- totes, dovourcd by ennul, or In the Alps, or up the Tthine, inthe Ilurz Mountains, orin Egypt, orin Indis, on the Ghauts.' But, with such {nterests at siake, how can theso men sfford to negiect them? 0, roplicd my friend, *why should thoy wurk for themsolves, whon avery man bn England worka for them, and will sutler beforo they comio to harm?' ** It moy be sot down a8 an axiom that the land-owners of a country will govern it, The ownership of evor so small a bit of soil atim. ulutes a foollug of consclous power, and be- gots pride nud self-nssortion, What Incal. oulable influonce, then, wust tho 50,000 Iand.ownors of Great Britalu wiold over the landless millions of their compatriots Tho sncred oharactor of the personal liberty of tho British subject has beon mucn and justly vauuted, *'I'ho house of tho subjoeot is his castlo," says the eulogist of the English sys. tom of Governmout. 'fruo; but while the poorest tenemont of the moat wrotched farm- Iaborer, rvonted from my Lord Bo-and.so, who rides a hundred miles through lis domalus to the sea, may be sucurely guarded by the letter of tha luw, it mnust prove a sorry protection as agalnst tho machinations of o tyrannous proprietor of Luudreds of thou- sauds of aorcs, ‘L'iore Ia a shocking incon. gruity between tho logal term ** castle," ns applied to tho Euglish laborer's bovel aud tuo wretohed condition of its ocoupant, com. polled to subsist on *‘wages insufficient to allow of civilized life.” . Tv {s the horror of this situation that drove the elght Lundred young men of Kent—‘‘{he pick of the countryside”—to the Auntipodes, Itisto n wriion of poace-loving and adventurous quali. {les in tho character of the Britlsh peoplo thnt England mny nttribute her salvation from n bloody revalution. Englishman who rentizos that every rond to * gotting on " is barrad to him, that the drenm of soouring n ** stako™ in (ho country is a vain delusion, works his fingers **to the bones" to earn the pittance that will enable him to fly from his native land. What n humili- atlug rcflootion to the governing class of England, and what n commentary on the systom by which they govern! The British Government has aotunlly boon saved from a torrible exploston of wrath on the part of her ontrnged peoplo by her colonial systom, —n systein which it alone mmong the na- tions has Leen able Lo utilizo na n vent for those classes of its peoplo who are too con- servative to rebel but too proud to snbmit to practical gorfdom. ‘To this charncteristio the aristocrnoy of Groat Britain owe the confivued existenco of the Inw of primo. geniture, Ta sustain this view, we have only to glanco at tho history of France, There was no *vont" for the French people. All at- tamnpts to colonize them fuiled, They would ‘live and dio not only on French soil, but on the s0il of tho mother country. Ionco, if thoy would be frg thomselves must strike the blow, aud loenco tho sorics of bloody rovolutions which ended .in tho existing Republic. Miomever, writing in 1837, thus graphically characterizes the product of a hundred years of French history: ‘Betweon tho reigns of Louts the Great and Narowrox tho Groat, Franco slid down a rapid incline, at the foot of which the auclent mouarchy, striking on thd peoplo, was dashed to pieces, and gave place to the principies on which the existing politieal system of Europe i3 based.” The differonce betweon the Frenchmon nud the Englishmau may bo sammed up in o fow words: Whon the Frenchman is op- pressed lio denounces his oppressor and fights him regardicss of odds, in the name of France. Whon the Englisman is outraged, he carofully counts the personal cost, and, if he finds the odda ngainst him, ho quiotly emigrates to Australia, New Zealand, or the United Stutes. Ilenca the law of entail is still on the statute-books of England, and the people of England are bidding n sad adicy to her shores, A BILL TO REFORM USELESS APPEALS, Our Sprin glield roport yesterdny of legts- Iativo proceodings stated that Mr. Mar- TuEws, of the llouse, ind introduced a bill providing for a division of labor betwoon the Appellato Courts and the Supromo Court; **Thia blil provides that in a1l cuses where tho controversy Involves tho sum of §2,600 or lese, the decision of tho Appellate Court shall be final, sand 8l) cares Involving suws of more than $3, 5600 shall #o to tho Suprome Court directly, The bill also provides that all criminal 0ases and all cases in- volving the validity of statutes, franchises, and frecholds shail also go to the Suprems Court, This measure allows-the litigant to know in the bogin- ing whero ho Js coming out. The suthorof this wmeasure thinks it will relicve the Supreme Court, and be more #atisfactory to litigants,” 1t is too much to hope for the ennotmont of so useful a bill by a legislative body crammed with lawyors, Theroe is too muoh Inw and not onough hdmixtura of justics in tho composition of the two Houses {o per- mit tho enactment of any bill for the Lonefit of litignnts and rednotion of costs and expe- dition of lawsults, Wo have not seen tho toxt of the bill, but tho purposo of its provisions is exactly right, There isno seuso or reason in the world for ellowing appeals from the Appel- late Court on suits invelving small sums of money. That Court is just as well qualified and competont to do justice on a $2,500 ouss os tho Supromo Court. Why should an ossumpsit cnse bo appealed to that Court ond tried if its decision s not binding and its decrodfinal? Can any logislative Inwyer give a valid reason for sec- ond appenls other than a desire on the part of the fratornity to make moro fees and coats, and delays in obtaining juslice? I thero any other motive excopt the desire to ba paid three fees for trying one case? A suit involving n fraction over 1,000 is firat tried before a jury in the Circuit Court. All that can be said pro und con in tho case is thon submitted. The beaten party is mot satisfled with the verdict of 1,001, and takes his appeal to the Court above, conaist- ing of three able Judges, lenrned in the law, aitting ns o Court of Appenls. They exam. ino the whole cae and decide it, sustaining or roversing and remauding, But if they sustain tho judgment of tho low- er Qourt the case, under tha presont defeot- ive Inw, ean bo taken from tha Appellate Court and carried up to the Bupreme Court, and thero lio in soak for n fow yoars, and thon bo trled, with’ not one-quarter the care and oxamination bestowed upon it by th Appellate Court, v Wit is tho ugo of this second appesl? It has not promoted the ends of justico or right, and it was not designed to ; batit has on- abled the attorneys to olinrge more focs and lond tho euit with burdensome costs, delay justice, and inflict harm all round. Mr, Matrurws' bill proposes to romedy this * muliolous mischief " by providing that where the sum involved is 82,600 or less, in- stend of §1,000, as at presont, the judgment ot tho Court of Appeals shali bo final, This s n most excellent provision. Tho sum uamod {4 little omough, It could be incrensed to §5,000 with porfect safoly, but tho ndvance from the presont small nmount of $1,000 to $2,500 18 a valusblo jin- provement, and will savé the overburdened Supremo Court from being pesterod with & lot of swmall suits which have no business to be brought before them to consuwmo time and lmpedo and hinder tho consideration of japortaut matters. Tho bill very properly provides that ol smits in which the amounts involved are too large for the flnal duter- mination of tuat Court shall go direotly to the Bupremo Court, and not ba stopped on tha way thither to bo tried in a Court which canuot docide them. Tho third provision, which forbids thoe appeal of criminal cases to tho Appollate Court, is highly necessary to the ends of criminal justico, Under the Constitution that Court cannot finally deters mine any criminal procesding,—only the Su. promo Court can do that, Why, thon, atlow such oases to bo token to the Appellats Court? The only offoot must bo to delay pnd defeat justice and work misohief, ° Marrurws' bill should bo enacted into a law, but will it bo? Are there not too many " trades-union " lawyers in the General As. sombly who disregard the public good to permitits pasiage ? Areddiere not too many members fntent on promoting litigation, multiplying lawsuits, iucreasiug the delays and uncortaintica of tho law, adding to fees and coats, eating up the substance of the sultors, and rendering the criminal laws practically ineperutive? The fate of Alat- Taews' bill will bo the best auswer to these questious, . — ‘Thero aro sumo members of tha City Councl) who evidently have an idca that money Js lsylug around looso {n Chicago, snd that tha texpay- The young ors cannot find ways to spend 1. 1 consequantly come to (helr resene wn{h" bare tlons o construct elaht new vinducts, myyor - to cost 8241,071, which in reallp, I purs THed cost many thousands more, nud nmh:‘mn?m volve closa upon halta militon doliar 1’] t: gencrous disbursers of other peopl s o' eeem 1o have no dden that this mnne'-““m’ come out of the pockets of tlie lnxmxw’ R that. this afllcled porton of the eomerri™! already stagicerivg under the loads n-nm".:"’ been Imposed upon ft. ety Dossible nv:t o city needs ab present one or Lo more viai s Lt none should e constricted that g pot oo solutely necessary, Thero seems 1o h'un(qm ency on the parlof members of the Couy g especlaily those who pay no taxes ang mmu‘ sont tox-cating conatltuonts, to bawl for larmf. approvriations and opportunities to pyy “mr handa into taxpayers’ pockots, When e o all rich, nnd - speculation rages .‘u taxes are ol no account, it will be urney to u:;: about unlimited viaducts. At such o time Wy taxpayers will make no objection to vla«luwn! every strect 1 the city that Is crossed byar, |‘ rond. - Meanwhile, it Is fn order for mcml)cr:. t the Councll tolet upon tnis wholesal nh;n dering, and to bear 1n mind that those aphy ‘n- caught now with thetr hands in taxpayers nm-: cta will bo summarlly dealt with s the pey; election, The tegitimate burdens of the clty .X,. hard cuongh to bear withouy having to ooy, the additional riek of wholesale robbery, o, foot-pads who **hold you up ' on the streety "e hardly moro {nfamous in thetr action thap m: tax-eatlng plunderers who Infest the City.Hay, ————— ‘The Washington Pout records a case of 5 chld without 8 particle of brain. The enllq appeated well and bealthy, and during {ts brief exleteny of 14 days it cried, fed, slept, and similed, oy ay other child at that age. At the end of two waoks it dled of convulstons, and & post-moriem cxamination was had, On dissecting the head {twas found that all the nerves were norfect and led to thetopof the eplne, where o knob-like projection recelved them. The olfactory, o norve of smell, was found in its place, the l?‘pflc and motor ocull, or eyg-movcrs, the pathetle, tri-faclal, abducent, faclals, auditory, and nlom’- pharyogeal, or tongue und throat-movers, werg all fouud coming from the proper places i the akull und leading to the medulla ublongate, op oblong marrow, which jolns the brainto the spinal marrow. The explanation given by the physlcians of the strange anomaly of life with. out brain is that the pneumozastric nerve and other fmportant nerves belng well developed und {ntact, kept up asort of automatic or fn. stiuctive existence, indcpendent of all nteltt went lre, It might bu nsked, what use hasy baby for bralus, auylow? —— Tho recent falluro of ArrirroN, Noves & Co., the flrm employing the Jargest capttalfy the wholeeale shoc-trade of St. Lou's, is harshly spoken of by the Shoe and Leather Reportr, The statement of the nffairs of the bankrugt concern {s described a8 **nitogether one of the most shocking revelatlions in the aunals of bank- ruptey. These peovle must havo been buving goods In Jurge quantities for a long time witn the perfect consclousness that they wers hope lessly bankruot, and that evers purchase they made was o virtual act of disboncsty," Arrpz- ToN, Nores & Co. probably sola threo times more goods annually than any other bouse the eame line of trade in St. Loufs, and untit within a few years thedr sales exceeded thore of any boot and shoo establishuient i Chicago. ‘They were lone, indeed, the only firm [n St Louts that could stand a comparison with Chicaz) rivals as to sales, credit, or solvency, Now there {s no firn of that kind in 8t. Louls, fo ay brauch of trade. o —————— A new party I8 in prouress of orgauizationin Canada which will rojoice in the appellation of “ Boaverbacks,” With a cupacity for damphools ery which is both eaurmous und astoundiog, consldering the warnings afforded by our ovn revent experiences, the leaders of the new party will bulld thelr platform upon the baslsof aa unlimited supply of paper money of the fat order. ‘The oow birth, in fact, is n eister toour own dofunct rag-baby. 'Uhey have taken up the infatuation where wo loft ofl, nud are naw eager to rusb nto the seme Insanc delusion from wlilch we have happily cscaped. A iucun havs no effect upon this country, wo have no reason to complain, und can watel with complacener the headlong rush Into disordercd fnsoces, weakened credit, and paralyzed business whih will ensuc if the Beavorbaclers succeed fa carry- ing out thelr plattorm. USRS —— The L ondon At'iencum for Fen. 1 has a lauds tory notice of Mr. BRer Hanrz, whom I de- scribes as **a trno artist” and *an cxbiliat ing'bumorist.” Mr. HARTB (s nll tois, but b is sumething more, which our English contios are hikoly to flnd out before lang to thelr coity Pecunlarily and personally ho s irresponsible Ho selts und docs not detiver, or delivers bt ho has sold to one person to wnore than oot “I'hls may bo onlv another manitestation of bt “exbilarating humor,” but it 1s dus totke character of American lterary men gesenlly that tho English people should not bo takea b surprise in this matter. e e— 3 8 that there is 8 deliters '.«L‘ ‘2’!‘!01;:“;‘!:’ ":}:fiflmfi}l"m'}nncknun thie gas oz punles, horee-rutlways, paluce-car carporatiost, ete, Mayhap Mr, MEDILL, who, we nphm,m:el of ‘e lieavy” tockiiowders of ino West Bivith Rallway Company, can euiighten s on this ot Ject.—Evenlng News, " Even if tuls sllegation wers true, it wou! afford uo justifleation for leglalative blackmali ing; but, In polut of fact, it 18 unlrua.u]&: purty fn question baos nut owned a dollar eltler of stock or bonds fn the West Divislon H.uln: Company, or auy other rallway, for years n:;. In any palace-car or £as compuny, not o 897 stitution which certaln members of the Legle lature are trylog to blackmail. Jonw Roacit will get bis substdy, |f be 2t it, throuzh the same kind of influances u!npu: ed the salary-grat, Members now in wnrrlt wha haye not. been re;elected whil vote for b u:; and will do so probably for money fens! .ln who have been re-clected, and thisk the r”:w will forget all about tis iu alx years, will do e same thing, Kvery mon who voted Ianm grab corruptly outht tobe punished “hm salary-grabbers, with very few exceptions, been punistied, e ———— ! Great things wers hoped for by the .h{:; Guinea gold-prospectors, who started mu; otk months ago to explore the fnterior of ml‘n ket Tate and little known [sland; but they b3 o turned to the comst utterly brukmdw: ‘ discouraged. - Traces of gtold werd luunm.'"' nothing suiliclent to Justify worliis: armm rant the bellel that It can be found suy¥ tho fatand {n paying quantities. L8 to tho Haickeys that no 144 ‘l: DAoLy fasat vara about I tho better for haoi: Ouncinnatl Engurer. —— Democrats will never get over th i the history of Kansas la dhcrc«llub;l o Htatoj but there ara sume people M“ North who romember Kausas gratetully: e i “The Elbows of tho Minclo® 9«]«‘1:*"';‘{ wrlte articles in tho New York "h\;rj e day. ‘They certatuly composcd an 8 b:“n = a lato fssuc of WiaL paper, whids S Taruaox and ended with an expretd m:mm fidencs fn the Hoouclal pur of Ten e et 1o According to the Brigudiers, the wh:‘:"':n than the sum of all fta parth—the B smaller, leas Leustworthy, less nbhupfl"" Its awn affairs, less competeut toF own electivns than auy Sisto it ot e o 12 Mr, BLAQKBURN wants (0 ki) :},cfiuu mind saying that the Houso o We presidod over by “oue who "". to decide™ that tho lntamous ¢ camo uader the rules. orelc” “The Brigsdlers thiuk State rightsst® m portant thun Natlonal wrougé: dsd deth ¥ Tho proposed ferease of tha bODSE/ e mect ur:u Gelclony caused ibr the AT