Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 19, 1879, Page 8

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: STATE AF The Illinois General Assem- bly Again in Ses- sion. Presentation of a Bill to Make Streot-Car Fares Three Cents. Further Dchate on the Question of Appointinig o Kevenue Commission Rofusal of the Honse to Make Com- mercial Reporters Give Bonds, The Governor Draws Up an Interesiing Recital Relating to Railronds and Warehouscs Synopsis of the Minnesota ‘Wheat-Grading Bille== Chandler Elected, THAE LXGISLATIRE. THE END OP THE . 4 &vectal Dixpatch fo The Tribune. BrriNGrIELD, ¥eb, 18.~The General Assem- Vly of the State of IHinois s ngain in serslon, alter a week’s vacatfon to accotunodate the visiting Committevs, who have mostly returned, Glted with blize-water aud statistics, There is on evident fecling on the part of the Bacehana- lians that they have not fully come up to the expectations of their constituents (n this part of their Jewlslative duties, the their heads are not quita so high nor thelr faces so bright as when they left. There I8 an evident intention now, Thowever, ta ntteud to the business of the peo- ple, andd there s s probabllity that some Mvely legielation will be gotten thronch with during the weeks that are coming. In aplte of all that can now be done, (ke sesslon will be o long aud 1edions one. Too much tine has already been frittered away to be mado up by nttention to business now. REAVIS AND STOMNS. Mr. Reavis, the Nationnl-Capltal mover, made his appearaunce fn the Representative Chamber this morning, with a b roll of manuscript sticking out of his cont-tail pocket. Ile fs ad- yertised to lecture this evening on the tople of Tis }ife, the one idea of his existence.—the re- maoval of thie Natlonal Capltal to the Misstssippt Valiey. A few days since the Kepresentative Chamber was granted Mr. Reavis by n resolu- tion of the Housc for the purpose of deltverlng Dis lecture. The How, Emery A. Storrs und somo ol the other apostles of temperance ara ulso ndvertised to lecture at the sume Lime and place, and it remains to be scen who will really get the foor. . INSURANCE, Juet now the Post-Oflice hoxes of the mem- beraof the Legislature are loaded down with unonymouns circulars sent out by Insurance com- panics for the enllzhtenment of members, and to sthinulata thelr understanding in regard to iusurance matters. ‘These clrenlars are intend- «d, of course, to influcnce fegislation agelost forelgn Insurance companies doing business n this State. ‘These clrculars are, fo effeet, o pro- test ogainst the people of the State insuring tielr property in forcign companies, thus send- ing the money of the country to forelen Inuds, forgetting, as it were, that the public, having Ween shamelessly defrauded by mushroom con- corng in our own country, without capital or credit, prefer to patronize corporn- tions which psy thelr losses, In other words, having destroyed the confldence of the people in thele solvency by 8 long conrse of abuse, they now seck to procure lezlslution to drivo thelr sturdy rivals out of the Btate. BENATE. ‘The mob that came In on the night traln was slmply finmanse. When the Scnate convened this morniny, contrary to all expeetntions, n quoram was present, with the Hon. John M, Hamfiton fu the chatr. The Rev, Mr, Young offered prayer, At the conclusion of the invo- eatlon petitions In the fotercst of the red-ribbon ‘business were fntroduced nud appropriately re- ferrea. 'The order of . INTROD UCTION OF BILLS . was called up, and brought forth the fotlowlng lucubrationet A bill anending the Jaw on garnlshimnent. To repalr the Court-House ut Ottawa. . The economleal Whiting (who ereated un office in atleged violation of the law) introduced a bl appropriutivg $100,000 & yeur for two yents, up- on the recommendation fo the Govertior of the Canal Comumissfoucrs aud sutisfactory evidencs thut it is to be used In the repalr of the canad, A biil to levy n tax of 3 per cent on the gross carnings of express companive, A bill of the same tenor applyng to telegraph compuniex. I the companics fall or refuse to make returns, thy State Board of Equallzution shatl avsess und tax them, A bl appropristing $34,000 for grounds con- tizguous to the State-Tlouse, ‘F'o enable educational (nstitutlona to borrow money {0 Im) existine labilities, ‘To provideé for the vemre of n jury in con- demnation cages. Toamend the Grain-Inspectlon law, BTHEET-CARY. Tom Merritt prescoted a bill, or rather did so through Benntor Herdiman, to regulito the rates of fores on street ruflwaya, Senntor Merrity lias been to Chicugo and experfenced some of the Inconveniencea of currihng there. e tinoks, and #avs 8o, thut I clties of more thun 80,000 fuhabitunts car companies should Lo Hmited to three cents o wile for cuch pagsenger earrled. Look fur another Tobby, Senator Catapbell, of Couk, introdutced 4 bill to correct ubuses suld to exist (n the juspeetion of oll. 1t was placed on (e calendar for first rending, Bills to protect pussengers on ratiwavs nnd to amend the act creating the Appelluce Covrts, ‘were nlso introdutced, and met with o suntlor diss position, Beoator Bush’s bill to provide for the fm- provement of streets leadbie to parks came up on apecial order, ‘The bill was amended muke vne drivewny, and 16 levy the assessmonts on *abutting, ! fustead of * coniticous pronert v, und ordered eugrossed for u third reading withe out debute, Bitlz ou sccond readlng, of 1o special impor- tanee, werg then taken up, atsl oceupied the re- matder of the session, Tho DT consolidatig 1he Bupreme Court at Springtield wag, on e tlon ol Benator Shutt, made the spectal order for ‘Thursday morning, HOUSE, ‘This morning 8peaker James submitted to the ovse the report of Mie Hon, Gieorge 11, Hurlow concerning the amount paid cmployes about the Stute-Houso darlug the lust two years, amount In the negregata Lo about $10,000. Mr, Tros- dell moved tn 1,000 coples be printed for the fuformation of the Jouse, Mr. Mutthews du- alved to nave the report go 10 the Commitios on Contingent Expenses, thut it mizht be deter- mfued whether or not the yeport was worth privving, Mr. Mitehell hardly thonght. this ex- pense should Le incurred without examination, r. Trusdell moved thnt the riles bo sus- pended nnd the dueumont be printed, This motlon was Jost, aud on motlon of Mr, Mut- thews tho regort was sunt to the Committes ou Contingent Expenses. Three hundred coples will be printed for the information of the House, Beveral other communientions wore recetved from the Governor und Buards of Trus- tecs of charitable fustitutions, which have al- reudy been piven. Atr. Mendnlay presented o petition from the cltizens of Edgar praying for a modificution of the Iaw 6o that towns fnytead of countics shonld auginealn their poor, TRE BEFORT OF STATE-TRRASURER S31TIL was lafu before the itouss by the Speake Jug the tollowing balunces on hand ou Tevonue Fund. $§1,402,00. 87 Feou! Fund s s, Mtinou fiver luyra ot Central Hatlroad Fun Miliary Fund Denuguent L i Ouknown Minor Heies' Fun Loval Boud Futidesavra.. 41010 .14 112 244.108.11 cenaenegeen e $I0, 200, T4 45 THE LEVMNUE MATTER waa called up this moroig by Mr. Mstthews, Caalrman ot the Counntiiue o’ Revenue of the Huuse, wio moved o suspension of tha rules, 1hat 1o joiul resvlution of Bemator Riddle pro- “Total ... viiding for the appomtinent of a Revenue Co misston of nine, four from the Senato nil tive fram the House, to_renort to the present. Gen- cral Assembly, might bo ndooted, so that (he Leglelature could get to wark at ouce, A lively debate onsued, which was participated i by Mensra. Crouker, Uranger of .\Icllcnrvl Frew, curllv‘:r of Adams, Colllns of Cook, antd Went- wuorth, Mr. Wentworth was opposed ta s Commis. sion, on the ground thnt the entire Code wauld have to be rewritten, which would take inuch time, and brlnr: to Springfield an enoruous lobby, each with n plece of patchwork fo he stuck on to the law. “The Cotmimittes on Reve entie, b sabt, would lave nu apportunity of actlon nud juaiment on this subject it it were rubmitted “arbitrarily to 8 Revenue Commis- slon. Mr. Wilon, of Cook, wanted to hear the res- olution read, whereupon Mr Matihews, of Pike, stated that, na Chatrman of the Revenuo Committee, he would say there was no feeling on the part of that Cominlttee in regard to this matter. He thought the subjeet an lnportant one, und he thourht that the sooner te Geaeral Assembly ot to work ot it the better. This wind 8 mers committeo of conference for the r:urnuuu of determining what was best to be \done. Mr. Wentworth thoueht the resolution can- templated reconstructing the Revenuo Inw in- stend of the mere lolding o conlerence, and he asked Mr, Mathews if that wis not the fact, Alr. Matthews thought the resolution was not capable uf thit construction, though 1€ it was hie coutd see no obgeetion to it. Mr, tiross, of Sangamon, was in favor of re- ferring the resolution to the Revenue Commit- tee for consideration, e wanled also to hear from the ollier wembers of the Revenue Com- mittee as to what thelr views were, Mr, Truesdell safil th resolution did not state by whomn the members of the Conference were to Lo appolnted, and. fn thut vlew of the mat« tery itwas objectionable, He thought some riep should bu taken to Induce the flevenue Committee of the Houso to net unon this mat- ter, Mr. Mitclicl] wna in favor of some measure which would result in the moditication of the enue Code, ind he wanted resolution vassed, Hesaw 1o need of referrine 1t to o committee, an immediato action shoukd be hod. "The motion to refer wus carried, und the reeolit- tiona ns follows weut to the Committes on Revenue: WitknEAs, Thero exlata an nreent necessity for reforming the Hevenne laws of this Stato; thora. tate, ha it ferolred, Tiy tb Sonate, tha Honsoof Represen tatives concurrinz ficretn, Thata_joint commitice of nine, conalating of fonr Senators amd iive mem- Ders of the 1oune, to be chosen from amd by tho Itevenue Committees of the two llouscs, be np. ointel to rovise, umond, anid, aw far as practicn- ble, perfect o ltoveuny Code forthis Statej nud bn i fisther Aesolred, That snch Comaitteo bo required fo report 1o the present session of the Thirty-first Ueneral Assembly. Kerolvel further, That snid Committee shall, when they heed the rery call upory the Clerk”of the Standing Committees of the two Tlousen on Itovenue, to accns Clerk of said Jolnt Cotamitteo, Resolred further. That such Committee bo i rected Lo report to the Revenne Committecs of the twva Hounes from timo to Hime, respectively, TIR ORDER OF BILLS ON BECOND READING then came up, and the House indulzed in some debate on the bill suthoriziwg the publication of the Lagisiative Record of the proceedings of the General Assembly, hase, of Learda, thought the bill under which this ubject was 'soutriit to bo sccomplish- el was unconatitugional, and that thereforethe bill ought to fall," "The measure wus fually referred to the Comuilites on Judiciary. APTERNOUN, With unexampled indusiry the House held o post-meridian session to«lay on bills on third reading, mul managed to make sumo advages in dircetlon, A bill to regulate the foreclosure of mort- ages on real estute, nnd to repeal Seea, 11, 13, and B, providisg that “any aod all provisions contuined [ nuy deed, mortzage-deed, or other fustraaent in wiathge, exeeuted and dellvered after this act shall take effect, whepeln any promige of anle s riven, granted, or conferred upon the pravtee therchn, or to his heirs, ussiens, or personal representutives, to sell nid convey the real estate. or wuv loterest therelty deseribed, or fotended to be conveyed in sutislaction or discharee of any debt or obli- teation theren inade, shall be nulland vold, unl any und all sueh deeds, wortgare-deeds, or otlier fustrzments writing, lutended to se- cure the debt or obligzation of the son or peraong therein nunied, shull be deemed and taken to bo rood mil vatul only a8 mortewees, }lml not otherwise, was ordered to o third read- COMMERCIAY, SV'(1B, Mr, Zink's bill requirlng persons making com- mereinl vepore of the standing of the busluess men to ive bonds eame up, and Mr. Wilsun moved to strike out the onancting clhiuse, or. haz that the b in question was caleulated to n{ult up und discontinue mercantile transac- tons, » Truesiell spoke agalnst the motion to strile out, deciring that the measuro should comu hefore the House on 118 merits, “The bust- nees as fu was now conducted often resulted in unjust reports by frresponsible parties, o wanted eome bill on this subjeet, as the practice eeoimy infumouns in some locallties, by the i v in which the huginess was conducted, Mr. Shaw, Clafrman of the Juditary Com- mittee, skt the wus opposed to the Bl but hio did not know that he would move tu striks ont the enacting clnuse, He had known of o ln- atauces fn which injustive hod been done. He mentioned severnl stadard commerelat report- responsibllity was unguesttonwl. e men who could be sued for any wl who were o8 respousible s un( other men. Mr. Morrlson thoygnt the bill ought not to pass, for, i he understoud 11s seope, nwyer who grave an opiilon as to the s or in- solvency of any otier person under the " provis- fous of “this act, would be lnble. flo wis op. posed to the bill i tote, and hie was o favor of striking out e engeting clouse, Mr. Urouker was onposed to varental leglsln- tiou. [e belfoved the s;stem of commercial porting was n tavor of honesty wiil fair deal- e had never Known of auy harw arising the present workings of the Jaw which re- quired legislation, und nie was opposed to wny speciud aet which should restlt bn the reatriction L ully necossury busiess, Mr. Thomas”subd thut he belleved that the roputuble comterclal reports of the comtry wero as necarato us {L was posslble to be Iu con- dueting their business, wid e knew that ey took ull paing o securs perfeet rellubility in thig matter ol Information, Mr. Zink sulddie hud no personal interest n this bilk Tuwas not the deshan of the bill to maka any atinek upon the wvatent of repurthie comerclal bustness. The object of the uil was meredy Lo exereise sote culitral aver this nuat- terund affond o remedy for the abuses which might grow ont of it The deslen of the bill was not to hurt the husiess of reaponsibile men, ot to compel those Who weio ot re- spanslble to dle o bond which shall render them Huble Tor whatever mlsehier they mizht do, Mr. Carter, of Adas, was entirely o 1o (he bill, The motiou to strike ont te - Ty clouse was careied, and the vl wos Killed, EQUALIZATION, Mr, Giross, of Sunwamon, hus introduced bilk abolishibng the State Board of Frualization, wond substitutingg theretor e Governor, Awdit- or, Beeretary of State, Attorney-tenerul, and “Preasurer, ~'fhe biLl atso provides that the et curninga or [ueome of ronds shail be taken s the hasfs of the vatuation of the capital stock of rudlroud franchises, and that the Hoacd of Equal- Jzation shall determine what smount of enpital ttene carnings shall represent. ‘e bllE also providestor an ibemized return of the uet earn- ings wnd expenditures of caeh railrond, so thiy the Boardg detorning for itself what the proper percentureslall by GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE ON THE BUIIECT OF TIE RAILNOAD WARLHOUSE COMAMISNIO Fyeclal Dispaten 1o T Tritune, Brnerienny, I, Feb, 18.—~7The Governor submitted the following reasvus for the exist- ence of the Hoard of Roflroad and Warchousy Commissloners “STATE 0P liuiNots, Bxecunive Devawr- MERT, BPRINUFIRLD, Feb, 13, 1070, — 70 the ftun- uruble the Hvuse of reentatives: I unswer Lo :lw House resolution sdupted Feb, 0, us fol- oWs— - Jie it revolred. 'That the tovernor e roquestod to furnish at oy eurly dute, for thy lutormation of thos Houss, the dste of spoointisent, pay, o £ULiro Loat of wuintainbig the Iailrood und Wars- housy Comutesion per seas, togetinoe with sich formation us n busstedton reganiing th beaedt (if auy) of the Comnivaion ta tho people of Lol ‘1 haye the honor to say that the Board of Railroad amd Warehouse Commlssioners wus el AND No = vreated by un act ot the General Assenbly, ens ¢ titled * Awact to establish u Board of Wallromd il Warchouse Comnmisstoncrs, uid to prescrive thelr powers and duiies,’ upproved Aprit 13, 1871, uuid the ret apvolutiment of Conmngsion- ra was mads July 1, 1571 Tne puy aind eXpotses of the Board sinco fts creation to Oty 3, 1575, 1a shown fu the lollow- g tuble: Pay. July 1, 1671, to Nov, 30, 1872..§! Dec. 1, 1872, w Nov, 40, 184,720,008 10014 Dec. 1, InT4, tosept, 0, 1870, 105 7,404 Oct. 1, 1870, to bend, 40, IH78., 0,143 3 $T5E B350 Making total for salaties, nnd expeuses m aecottint of attornuya' fees, costs, clerk 3 oflive rent, ete., of SHUHSAG from the tion of the Boand In July, 1571, to Oct, 1, 1833, —n large share of the 840,150.01 having heen oaid by the Board to attaineys for the prosceutions of sults ngalnst railrvad companies for violation of the law, IN ADQYTION to the statement of the cosbwf the Commission, Tnm asked ‘lo furnfsh such information as may be in mr possession regaralig the benelie if any) of the Commtsslon to the veople of Hinofs. 4. To answer this portion of the resolution in nmanner satisfactory, to myeelf would luclude a recitnl of the many attemits that have bheen wade In this and other countrles to control rallrond corporations by leglalation. “In a paper of this kina such a reply cannot be made, ust, therefore, be satisfied with n elance at the events that resulted in the ennet- ment of the Rallrond mud Warehionse lawe of this State, ‘Stncg the passuce of the law ere- ating the Raltroad and Warcliouse Comnilssion fn 1871, Nlinois has made very jmportant ud- vances toward the golutlon ‘of the raflrond problem, ‘Ihe questions Involved {n this problem have not anly been before the beopla n this State, but In other States aud conntri Alter reviewing the course pureucd in gland, the Governor continues: YN INLINOIS, rollrond enterprises have been particalarly nu- merons, ntud have made the State renowned for b i the most nfles of rallrond track—the chief raflrond State, Competition dld not re- sult nceording to public unticipation, The com- peting corporations worked without sufliclent remuneration b the competing points, und to ke good the losses resultivg there, were often ity of extortion at the non-competing polits, “They discriminated againt persons and places, “Itizens protested nuaingt these abuses i vain, ‘Thie raflroad corporations, when threstencd with the power of the Government, indulged in the lungrunie of deflance, and attempted 1o control legislation’ to thelr own odvantage, At lust publle tlignation became excited nuzainst thew, They did not beed 1t. They belleved that the courts would be thelr refure from the popular fury. In Illtuols, the feellng of the people ex- preased ftaell inmany wavs, and funlly found utterance Ju the Constitution of 1570, “1n this Constitution mny by founa all the phases of opinion on the rliroad questton throneh which the English wind has run., The rallway s de- elared to be a public bighway. ‘Phe estotilish- ment of reasonuble maximuin rates of churges fs direeted, Competition between railrouds s recognized ns necessury to the publie wellare, and the General Assembly §s required to pass Inws to correet nbuses awd preveut unjust dis- erlimination and extortion in the rates of (rofght and passenrer tarils on the different rallrowds In the State, and cutoree such laws by adequate pennlties, to the extenty If necessary for that purpose, of forfelturs of thelr property aud franchisos. THE CONSTITUTION dld mare than this. To correct fhe abuses of the interexts of the farmers, from whose felds warchousemen in comblniation with corporato commuon carriers had been drawing riches, ft deelored nll elevators or structiures wherd eraln or other Yropcrl.v was stored for a compensa- tlon punlic warchouses; ani expressly directed the (enernl Assembly to pass laws for the government of warchouscs, for the inspection of grain, wd *for the protection of producers, shipers, and recelvers of grain nud produce.” " Promutly niter the adontion of the Consti- tution with~ these affirmotive provistons, the Legrisiature, In 1871, attempted to give them vitality by the enactiment of laws to carry them out. One of these created the Railrond and Warehonse Commission, auwl tmposed upon it certain dutivs. Another was an act to regulate public warchouses und warehousing and the fuspeetion of grain, aud to give effect to Art. 13 of the Constitution. By this act other fm- portant duties wera fmposed npon the Kallrond wul Warchonse Coniniealon, A Grain Inspection Department was crented and placed under thele charge. - Another statute divided the ratlronds of the State Into classes, and fized maximum wpnesenger rotes. Anothier prombited unjust diserimination und extortion In frelieht rates, and tixed severe penulties for disobedience of the lnw, \ UNDER THE WAREHOUSE LAWS the Commiusloners commenced a sult agolost Ira Y. Munn, uml Georgo T. 8cott, wirehonso- men, to compel them to recognize the right of the Ueneral Assembly to rezulute thelr buslicss in the Intcrest of* the peonle.. The cnse wus made atest one, 1t wos decided by both the | Federal Supremoe Courts It fuvor of e, and in fts deaisfon the Supreme Court uited States declured o duetrine of the greatest jmportance to the peoplo of the whole country. “The doetrine Uty uider the powers {eberent in every soverelzaty, a Qovernment may rezuinte the condnet of 1ts citizens toward cnch othier, and, when necessary for the publie goud, the mavner in which each shall ure his own property. 'The value of this decision to the fariners and gralu-consumers of the country cannot be wholly eathuated I money, Unier the law to establish regronable passengzer rates on ratlronds, n sult was commenced and taken to 1he Supreme Court, ‘Fhie Court deckded t It was neeessary to prove thut the rate chareed by a ralirond In’ exeess of o maximum rate fixed by law was unrensounble, ‘The Taw against un- fust discenninution und extortion by ruilroad corporativng wis passed upou by the Sunrente Court I the effort of the Conmissloners to cn- furce its provisions, s the Supreme Court dee cideg that the wet could not be enforced untfl 80 amended 88 to meke' the charging of a greater compensation for n less ufstanee, or for the. same distance, srima facie evidenco of unjust discrinination, nstend of conclustve evidence, and in dietim exuressed the onluton that what is o reasonable rate of freight over o yailroad {8 b best o mere matter of opinton, depending on a great varfety ot complieated faces which but fow persons could futelligently {nvestigate, nml which it would be wholly [n the power of the company to furnish or withhold, “In 1574 the present law Lo prevent extortion el unjust discriminutlon in the rates charzed for transporta'lon of passengerd aud irelghits on railronds [n this Stato was passed. It wis pre- pared and passed with the declsfon of the Bu- premo Court In the case of The People of the State of Hlinols va. ‘The Chicaeo & Alton Rafl- rond Compuny fresh in the mjuds of thy meni~ bers of the Gener; aembly, and overy sug- gestion mude by the Cuurt was obsetved. TIE COMMISBLON, since {ts establishment, has brought maoy fm- portant salts azalnst raflrond corporations for alleteed violations of law, wind obtagned Judes ments in the lower Courts, Tn oue of (lese, nizatust the Iinols Centrui Ratiroud Company, for unjust diserhuinatlon u the matter of the delivery of prain upon_ tho truek and to ele- vators, a Judgment for $1,000 aud costs wos ob- tatned, The Indgment was patd by the Com- puny, and the unjust diseriminatlion discon- tinned, At thut tune the rilroads charged 86 per ear-lond more tor delivering erain on the track than to an clevator, Stice then the rall- roads, luve discontinued this pructive. Ihe ac- ton of the Conunlesloners “fo stopplug this abuse Lins resutted fn an anoual savigg to e grain-ralacrs In DH00ks of Vst sums of money. Other euxes won by the people wero uppealed 1o the Supreme Court. ‘Phe Judgiment o one of these was 1eversed, but i the opinlon delivered byt Court, 08 two of 1ho dissenting Justives ubserty the coustitutionallty of the act s us- s, awd mn mtunathn 13 efven that {t will be nustalned when its nerits uro disenssed, Lut the law has pot vet been passed upon by the Counrt, mud the fact must therefore e appurent thut e Copmilssloners cannot get under the exlsthigg conditlon of thingswith the contldence they would possess I the Lo bad hoen decided by the highest tribunal mdhe Stute 1o bo con- stltuttouat, twithstiding the difficulties Commitsrioners, there has e8 made fn Dlinots toward the radlromd question thyou In 1671 tne Rudroad and W house Commisston was estabilisned. 1ts creation Wag (ed both by rdiroad corporuaiions und warehotise men, wid, alter 118 orgunization, they treated ft with littie constderation, 'They retueed Lo revognize its authority, Buiy alter the decision of the Suprema Court ot tine United Htates decturitee te qoetrine that the Hovers. went may resulate the condiet ot it8 citlzens toward cuch othier, ad, when vecessacy for the [.uuu«. oud, the nanner 1 whica cach shall use s uwi |~m‘mrlv tie railroad coiporations be- g Lo erow Jees determined i their opnosition 10 the attempts tocontrol tiewm, until now there I8 very lythe opposition, THEY SOW (IVE IIOMPT ATTENTION to requests of e Commission tor the corree- tlon of nbuses called Lo Its notics by thele patrons, uind thus the Cumimtsstolices not ouly seetle questions arlstue hetween railroad vorporas tona wnd thelr patrons, but L way s tuthe tilly be safa of “this us of ther Enelish wid Mussuchusetts Conunissiony, thut the very fuct ol 18 ¢xiatanee bus put an end to many of e ubitses lornerty practiced by sucls curporations which were anurily complained v by thy beople. ‘Fhie Counmiesion hus ulse 1 sume cascs shown to complutuants thist tho burdebips complained of were not the funlt of the raliroad compantes, but resulted trom couses pilecting the markels vatshle of rullroad control ur luterference. Ik ou curlous dact Wat the conclusion reachied by the L statesinen o 1574 was renched fu ok [y 1578, conclusion thnt rallraud compunies ougnt Lo biave the ngit to voutrol their own alfsirs, 11X their own rutes of trunsuortation, be Irew trom medilesome legis- lation, und, o8 1t hua becy oSpressed, WORK OUT 'THEIL OWN DESTINY In thelr own way, Just so lon us they show & sedsouable rogard for the seaulremcuts of the thelr ey communits {s of tho Rallroad faw will prove” this. veornizes the bt of o raflroad tu fix its own rates for the trangporta- tion of passengers wind trolrht over ita railrond, vruvided fhat in dalug so iLnelther extorts from nor unjustly diserimijuates against any of its oatrona; aud, thnt the question of unjust dis. crimination may be determined, it declares what shall he unjust diserimination prima facle, amd that compiaints of oxtortion may be determined. th: law orovides a way to moke the corporation complained about produce the facts on whicl {8 bused the opinion of what Is n ren- sonable rato on ts_road. This is dono by re- quiring the Raitrond nud Warehouse Commls- sloners to brepate schedutes of reasonnble maxinum rates for the transportation of freighta and passengers on each of the rallronds of the Btate, nud {trany sult arainst o ratirond corpora- tion, the schedules prepared for that corpora- tion aro made prima facle evidence that the ratea flxed by the Commission are reasonabla maximum rates. By this procese, a corporation that has made a rate that 1s coniplained aboutb as extortionate & compelled fo prove that the rate I reasonable, I this way the Jaw sava to the rafiroad company, *You inay chargo what you please If you can” show when ~ your vharges are questioned that they are reasonusle. [n other words, the (louceal Asscrbly lins at- tewpted to tako the burden of proof from the shouldera of the complainont in o inwsult ngninst & rallrond company for extortlon, il put it on the shontders of” the defondant,— and [t haa dong this beeause the Suvrome Court hns anle that *What is o rensonable rate of freight over a rallroad Is at best a mere matter of opiuion, dependipz on 8 varlety of compli- catedl facts pusacsselt only by the raflrond com- oy wd which 1b ay furnlsh or jwithhold,! The Legislature has attempted to mnuko the possessora of the facts furnish them for the uso of courts und jurive. 1T 18 TRUB THE SUPREME COURT has sald that the schedules of rales are some- thing more than evidence,~that they are facts upoit which nctiona agalnst railronds must he based: but the Leatalature did not futend to ab- solutely fix maximum rates. The Leglslature ntended to establish a standard of what Is fulr und reasunable fn the charges mude in the transnctions of rullroad bushiess—that it was futended to allow the ronda to ehatra all they ought to, and devise a method by which n determination could be reached when any one should complain that they were chareing moro than in fajrness they onght to charge. Whether the method of determining the reasonableness and toirncss of rallrond passenuer-fures wnd frelght rates provided bv the atatute of 1873 will be aporoved by the Supreme Court, cannot now be stated, but,if it should be, there witl be remnoved oit of thu way one of the greateat dif- ficultles of the railrond vroblem, und the Rail- roudt il Warchouse Comnlssion will hecomo of much more ., use to the pudlic than fo {3 now. "The schedules will require revision fram time to time, aud this work cauy ouly be done by inen who ean give to it their whole time, und who will beeume students of the great subject of traus- portation. _ PENDING ‘THE ACTION OF THE SUPHEME coune 1t has not been deemed advisable that the Com- nissioners should revise the schedules wnd put the State thereby to what might be an unnecessary ¢xpense, nor that they should muitiply suita under the low of 1898 against rallrond companles for similar offenscs to thoso set up fu the cnse now pending, ' Byer since {ts oreanlzation the Bonrd hos been putting Into overntion new laws founded upon old principles applied to new facts, nd it hos been comuelled to walk with slow steps. 1t Ias been reguired §n the nasertion of its au- thority to go from one court to another, und wait the approval by the Bupreme Court of the lemislation directed by the Counstitution of 1870 in reintfon to ratiroads nnd wareliouses, it has won a victory In the watchouse coutroversy, and secured the Judicial indorsement of dou- trines which In = this age of concentrn- tlon aml monopoly are absolutely nes essary to the public welfare. The Bu- preme Court will ~ doubtless soon reader # declslon In the case now before it, which wiil gnsu upon the constitutionnllty of the law of 873, and, 4f the law shall be sustained, tho Commiasioners will bo able to give to that vet 1o prevent extortion and unjust discrimination Ly ruilroad vompanics much more vizorous en- forcement. * Leaving out of view THE BENEFIT WHICH IfAS RESULTED to the ficnph: by the mere fact of the existence of the Board, which has orevented many nbuses thut would have been committed save for its presence fn the State, 14 hus been ot work nid nseful. It has perfected the organization of the grain inspection department at Chlcago, uuder Which the grain trads [n_that city hos wondor- fully Increased in importance durlug the Inst yeor. It has mathered stitistivs in retercnee to transportation that pre of very great benefit to the publie. It has adopted ‘the polley of rail- road examination with a view to seeurity of Iife, and, in my judgment, the autbority of the Com- misaion ought to be enlurged 80 as to enable it to compel raliroad companies to Improve thelr tracks nnd bridges when, fu the judgment ot the Commissiun, such portions of “reilrosds be- comne unsnfe, #'Fhe Raflrond Commissioners . ACT A8 ARBITHATORS between the rallrond - compnules and thelr patrons, and in the Commlisaloners report they 8avy they have succeeded In settling most of the complnints made to them, ln o manner satls- factory to all tho purties to the controversy, n my judgment, it the Commisslon were dispensed with by the Legtslature, dificultics woukl goou srise, apitation would commenco agnin, and controversivs would rup rlot. New lewislotion would fullow. Anothes Board of somo kind would soon be created, and the track we bave just passed over would he agmu traveled by the people's ropreentatives, Tho Bonrd should be sustuined i the interest of ol the people, Instead of belug destroyed, it #honld he strengihened. 1t shonld not only have the uutlhority with which it [s now vested, but more, 1t should he made a legal arbitrator In all mutters of controversy between rallroad compabics and warchiouses und thele patrons, aml it should Lo required Lo tnake examination of roads unl bo {nvested with the authoricy to compel repuration of unsate und defective bridges, culverts, teack, and rolling atock, “38, M. Curroy, Govecnor,"” MICHIGAN, OHANDLER. apectal Dimatch 10 The Tridune. Lansing, Mich., Feb, 18.—According to law both brauclies of the Leelslature cast Ahefr votes for United Btates Senator thils aft ¢rnoon, ns follo Chandler, Ropublican, 853 Chamber- lund, Greenbacker, 18 Barnes, Domocrat, 22, It waa strictly o party vote, The Jolut Con- ventlon will be held to-morraw, when the ro- sult will be ofllelally declared, Chandier glves o grand reception to-nleht ot the Lansing 11ouse to which overy one is invited. LEGISLATIVE, ‘To-morrow [s the Jast sy of the Introduction of billa, One hundred und twenty came i to-day, among which were the followlng: To nerenso the salary of stute offlcers; rolative to the construction of linue of folegranh by individnals und gssoctations; to provide for the cunatrtiction of o new telescope at the Univer- 8sitys relative to civil uetlous for slanders to re- vlso the charter of the City of Urand Raplds; to provide for the Ingpeetfon of salt und lum- bers to guthorize the oreanization of o Lum- bermen's Eixchnnge; to provide for the registra- ton of practicing physiciaus and surgeon nmend 1he act nmlmrfuuu the sale ot the Cens trul Raltroad, wul to incorporata the Michigan Contrai Rafiroad Compuny und encotrage inmu greation to this States also a folnt resoluson uuthorlzing o Board of County Auditors. % MINNESOTA. TIE LEGISLATURE, Bpecial Digxuca to The Treaune 8. Pavi, M, Feb, 16,~The llouse this afternoou passed memorinls to Congress for the udjustment of the pending Stoux war clabus, sl for the sule of pime stumpagze on the Indiun Reservation In Minnesota. Bills were introe dueed for boiler lnspection und the leenslug of cnglveery, and to regulate wheat grading, The latter wus read twico and referred 1o the Cow mittee of the Whole, Bills pussed prescriblug the mude of purchasing supplies foy Stuto fnstl tutious; prohibiting the coloring of graing vro- libiting the use of glandercd Lorgus In publie blucess preseriblng penaltics for selling un- wholesome food; probibiting business purtners of County Attorncysapuearing for thedefouss fn Ktute cases prosecuted Y their partoers, TIE WHEAT-GRADING BILL reported from the Bpecial Committce and re- ferred to the Houso Committee o the Whole, classitics Mjuncaota stundard grades as follows: No, 1. extrs, sound, bright, clean, welzhing fitty-nino or mors pounds to the bushel; No. 1 stundard, sound, bright, vlesn, welhing filty- cight pounds or & fraction over; No. 8'extry, \ bright, clean, fifty-soven pounds or a fruction overy No, 2 stundurd, sound, bright, elean, ffty-six pounds or a fractlon over; No, 3 standand, sound, clean, leas than fifty-six pounds, ‘but not less than fifty-four; No. 4 stundurd, souud, clean, Jess than fifty-1our, but not |vss thanil{ty-two pounds; refected standurd, all unsound wheat and allcleaued woeat welgh- fuicleas than ifty-two pound to & bushul, Bec. § WEDNESDAY., FEBRUARY 19 I879—TWELVE PAGES. preseribes that snrunkon whent, otherwiso sound, rhull not be graded unsound, nor shall whent cleancd by the ordinary fanning-inlll be graded unclean, Ree. 8 vrohibits the uso of n measurc lesa than the lemal half-bushel for as- certnlnlnge the weleht per bushel ; nlso requires tha mensre to bo flited from & hopper not less thnn'six inches aboye the top of tho measure, discharging Into the centre of the measure, which s to be struck in {lie usual manner. Bee. 4 prescribes penaltles for purchasing, storing, or shipping wheat grraded atherwlso than na proseribed hereln; also for rofuslye 1o crade as here vreacribed, 860 for the first offense, und $100 for subsequent offenses, alf to go to the publle schools anmd the other hall to the informer. Sce. b im- poses & penalty of six months to s year in jall 1or knowingly clieatiug in welght, or uahiyz other than a half-bushel measure See. § spplics pen- nlties to persons acting as ngents for others in dolng the thinga punishable by Bees, 4 and b See, 7 makes it the duty of County Attornes to proseente and of Commissioners to pay the costs of prosccution from county funds. WISCONRSIN, THOCEBDINGS, Bpeclal Disyatch to The Tribune, Mapisoy, Wis., Feb. 18.—~In the Senate, this morning, Scuate bills pnssed appropriating 7,600 to the Superintendent of Public Prop- erty for the purchinse of oflielal und Lerlslativo statlonery; mnaking May 80 o leeal holiday; providing for a |State rond from Grand Raptds to Stevens Point; relative to the county print- i tu Wanpnea County; amonding the Ravised Statutes relative to common-schools; to pro- mote good order nnd repress crime; authorizing Willlam McKrath to finprove Pine Creek, Chip- pewn County, for log-driving purpo smending the charter of the City of Milwaukeo; deflolng and Hmitlng the linbilitles of countles {n cortaln cases; providing for the removal of County Trensurers fn vértaln cases; amending the Re- vised Btatutes in the miattor of religlous socte- ties; to nuthorize corporations tormed for tho fmprovement of a strenm, aud to drive Jogs or to nafutaln booms or dams thereon, to hold stock fn any other corporation formed for im- provement of driviug or booming lozs on the same siream, or in any of itstributaries, to con- solfidate with, or utherwlae unite with, any such corporation; imposiniz cortain penaltfes on county oflicers for violathne certain laway providing for the compensation of ecrtain minor * employes of ' the Lerlslature; to reorganize the Wisconsin Hortleultural Boclety s repealing a lawof 1872 relative to moroveinents in the Capitol Varks; lbmiting the amount of selion] tax to be levied in any one year to b per cent of the nsscssed valuation of toxable prop- erty fn the distrlet. Assembly biils wers con- curred in to mprove Soft Maple Creek, Chip- pewa County, nnd grant to Mark Douglas and others certaln priviiezes; suthorizing Danfel Shaw and otliers to molntaly duns and boom, and colleet loi tolls in Deer-Tall River, o tribu- tary of the Chippown. Senats blils were n- definitely postponed retating to the publication nnd distribution of the report of the weological survey. IN CHE ASSEMDLY E Sonnte bllls were concurred in to muthorize Nicholas Abrabamson to bulld, keep, and maln- tain o dam_or dums ocross Wiewar Itiver, o Chippewn Connty; to amend the Revised Stat- utes relating to religiots. societies; relating 1o theact revising, uenuulldnung. and amending the ehiarter of the City of LaCrosse; to provide for settling robwuy license fees In certain coscs; relathye to the acceptaues of grants of lnod b{ the State made by act of Congress: for the di- vislon of the Countles of Clark, Marathon, Lin- coly, wud Clilppews, awd the evection of the County of Taylor. Blli passud to sutborizo Knapp, Stout 0. to crect und _maintain & dawm across Yellow River, in Barron County. MINNESOTA. PROCEEDINGS, Sneclal Dispatch to The Tribune. 8r. Paur, Minn,, Feb. 18,—The Scunte adont- ed Dnge's resolution calling for o« Committeo to report upon the expediency of furiier legis- lation regarding rutiway transportation, Blls were introduced proposing o constitutionsl amendment lengthenfng tho term of State ofticers; relating to rallway combpanles orzan- {zed under the Illinois law; to promouts forest culture, A Dbill pussed authorizing Mower County to Issus bonds for building a Court~ House. A commmnication from the Governor, {nclosing the Alabams joint resolution asking the cnactment by Cougress of laws to prevent the cxcrelse of jurisdiction by the Federal Courts in proceedings aeninst mnnlelpal ¢for- puratlons in the several Statos, wus referred to the Judiaary Coimittee, In the House, Bax- ter, Johnson, Fairbanks, Btiles, nandiJoues were appolnted o Committee to fuvestigate the rail- rond freleht diserimiuntions, After o loug de- bate the bl to repenl the act grantlnr the Swate lamla to the Suldlers’ Orphaus’ flome slncy the closo of the War, was Intd on the tabie, ‘The ovposition regarded the bl as pre- Huneury to granting lands to the State Unl- versity. INDIANA. THE LEGISLATURE, Special Disvatch o The Fribune, INDIANAvOLIS, Feb. 18.~The Sennte to-tay postponed consideration of the apportioumeunt mutter tiit Thursday., The Seuatorint cauens last night threw nside the House bill adopted last week, and agreed to what fs known ns the Viche blll, which gives to the Democrats twveu- ty-clght certain districts, while the House bill gives thirty-four. Vieho will not go with the extremlsts, sl Davls, one of the Natlonal Sen- ators, will not agreo to go with the Democrats 1tuless n Congreasional Distriet can be arranged tosult him, I necesaury, the Demnoerkts pro- nose to oust Bmith, of Dolaware, on the contest by Bansberry, and, if this can't be done, to pues the Viche bill fn the Senate and lat it be smond- ¢ fn the House, In accordance with the Houso Ll ank then have Licut.-Gov. Gray give the castIng yote on concusrence with the action of the House. The bl for a Polleo Judge for [u- dianapolls was passed, 'Fhe House spent ull its thno In - discusshnz the Fee und Saiary blll of Repreeoncative Osborne. KANBAS, MEMORIALS, Toruxa, Kas,, Feb. 18.—Iu tho Seuate to-dny aresolution was adopted asking Congress to establish o United Stutes Court n tho Indlan “Territory, and to provide for the alluttment of lands, that, after a term of years, members of tribes shall Leeomso citizens of the United States, and huve absolute control of thelr nuds and eatates, A concurront resolution request- fug leelslation by Congress to pratect the State auafust Indise outruges on the frontier was also adoptedy —————— Tho Bewornge und Ventllation Bystem of Nerlin, ‘The'seworago system fu Berlin {8 & water-car- rlagze system for all ruin, domestic water, and water-closets, with this valuablo alteration, that not one gutlon of suwawe Is ullowed to entor the sluegish Jittl ereek or river Spree. Each sew- croge district has ono leading intercepting sowor- colleetor, fu waleh the whole sewaie, by other intercepting sewers, empties, ‘Tho sewoge con- tenta are collocted fu o largo water-theht well, which 18 called the stamu end of the collectin suwer, ‘Ihis well or eylinder basin §s thirty fe In dinmetor and soveral fest below the mean wator-Jevel, nd 18 provided with sn ont-full sewer, towurd the river, In cascs of Immense rainfull undd Hoods of extraordinary exiension. This bagin I8 provided with o stroms gruto to re- tain the solids of the sewage, The llquids enter weylinder in the centre ubout elght feetln diumeter, und oro from here distributed by dilferent pines into the pumping-busins, From cuch pumphig-station thie water Is pumped to the {reigation Helds which are loeated iy a clrcle around theereat barren sand plaiu of Borlin at au averuze distanco of eloven wid one-half miles. The telds avsorb all the fertilizing in- geedlents aud tliter the watcr verfeetly thraught o soll petore the sumie vnters he nver, Tue averngo Jift of the sewzgo ia thiesy-six foet In hizat, and jis conducted through Wrought-iron plpes, with three fest dismeter, to e ferlgu- uwu tletds, ‘I'he muuner of ventilating most effectually Has been o matter of some doubt, und theBerlin Suwerage Commisslon has civen this lmportant polnt hn ety sewerage full attention, and they bave tried ‘almost every suegestion wade by powinent enginears, A perleet veutulation s essenttul to all atructures, und espucially to those which contain bad alr and sower-gusess the lutter often casse @ great bressurd against the house-councction traps, wnd enter the dwelliugs to the great detri- ment of the jubabitants, The Cummlission in Berlin brought the ventilution In practi- cal operation “through larve manufuctory- chlmuneys und expressiy-constructed air-shufty, waleh they bad provided with suitable furnaces, to druw out sll bud alr, guses, ute. But they sool found that this druwing of the alr by hest cannot e well regulatod, uud for this reason dues damage, dor by strong druughts fs opous the traps fu the dwellings uext 1o tha furice, undl consequently stlows a largs portion of e TEAr a8 Lo uacape throukl the contiecting ploes | inade o minute examivation of the shroud wil to the dwelltngs, In additfon to the difen] mentfoned, they experienced some exploaion md the geeat rlak they ran with 1his mavner o vontilatfon causcd them to abmndon it, after ey had ample proof of its imuracticability, They then emnloved, 1iko Hamburie uud other citfcs, the house raln-conductors for ventilation, and conneeted for thin purpose the trap with the water-conductor, with the fntentiou of leading uoxious gas to the hizhest potnt of the house. They found “that In & good many hatances it worked only part of the tinie, owlniz to the alr~ current, anit in othera it did not work at all, on necount of the location nnd diiferent hight of houaes; but the worst of all waa tlint the gas eseaped fn large quantities through the joints of the conductor, und pertmented the sleeping- ruoms of Lhe upper storics to such an cxtont that the people within liad to keep their win- dows ahut, thus being deprived of fresh alralto- gether. ‘Ihe next trial was a conneetion from 1hie traps to the sinoke flues, und all flues go used were tapped with different kinds of ven- tilators of light motion to ald the upward draught, but it was proved here positively that e diflicultles are greater in practice than are imagined or expected In theory, nnd therefore this plan has alro proyed unacceptable, as (u mosy cases It brought the noxious gases divectl into ‘the rooms of the houses so connceted. Next, they tried, lko many other cltics, to uso the sewer-zas for additional ntrect-l?(hln. after they failed §n theattempt to burn I8 by ducting the gas Into the boller fires of tho factories. They erected, on all corners where sewera interacet, galvaiized fron cylinders, il provided for a lanterty with approprinte caps, constructing, In other words, now lamp- posts, and counccted the broad footing with a conduit to thy sewer. The theory was that thisiden was.an excellent one, hut {n prac- tice tho suwer-gas hind o chance Lo tacape by the draught of the very aumospheric alr which shouid bave aided in'the burning of the pas. Jet. 1t drifted toward the windows, and had to be abandoned {n consequence thereof, "The fol- lowlug plau Is the only one which has proved ItlL'EEBhFIJ“ In nll new houses a lurgo unil well- zinzed round stone pipeis to bo pinced in the fnner wall of the house, tiotween the Lo prom- {nent amuke-flues, with ol jolnts woll cemented, sotidly walled up in an alr-tizht wall, aml, ex- tended to a conslderahle hight nbove the roof, or 8o 08 Lo bo elovated to the same hight as the neighborliys house, ‘This special fiue, the top of which Is provided with n charcoal filter, 18 thien connected with the trup located between the bousc-drain_nnd the strcet-sewer under tho sidewnlk, It bas proved to be very effective, uid relfeved the dwelllng-houses, In all (ascs, almost completely of the noxious gascs, Ono of the rules und regulations which bears dire ly upbon the housc-ventllation fs to the effect that every water-cluset s to bave s slx-inch round airtight pipe conneeting the wator-cloaet basin proper with the atmospliere ot the high- eat polut ubove the rool. e —cT—— TELEGRAPHIC NOTES. New Yonk, Feb. 18.—[lorsce Maynard, Unitea States Miolster to Coustantinople, has firrived here with bis wife, PIILADELPHIA, Feb, 18, —Judge McKennan, of the United States Circuit Court, has appoiut- ed Ollver Ames, of - Massachusetts, Recelver of the 82,000,000 note in liquidation fu Bostou given by the Unlon Pacitiz Ralirond to the Credit Mobitier. Corusmpus, O, Feb. 18.—In the case of the Attorney-Goneral vs. Samuel Courtright and others, whercin the rigat of persons to hold oflice n8 Judges of the fourth suoilivision wos involved, was™ considered, ‘There wns no con- currence of o majority of the Court to-day in any partlcular ground. but o majority concurred In holding that there must be a judizmoent sus- tainlug the titlo of Judges to their ofllees, ———————— A Sax Fraxcisco, Feb, 18,—~The Chronicle has an editorlal this morniug anlmadverting severely on the actfon of the Government In leaving Alasis without protection, und on the fact that there 18 not a single man-of-war on this station available for a cruise to Bitka. 'The feecord-Union this morning compares tho unscttied condition of Indinn affairs o Alaska with the pencetul status under the Russians, und attributes the disturbauces in o great measuro to the traders, who sell llquor to the Indiuna, It is augeested that the Government instituto au inquiry into the cuuse of the troubles. ——— UNITED WORKMEN, Bpeciat Dispatch to The Tylbune, InprANArons, lud, Feb, 18.—~The Grand Lodge of the Anclent Order of United Worke men of fudiana met to-day, sevouty-two lodges being represented, © The Past Mastur's - degree was conferred on tinrty-five aclegutes, und then the reczular order of buslness wus entered upon. The election of officers for the euvsulug year takes place to-morrow. " FORT LEAVENWORTH, Leavexwonry, Kau,, Feb, 18,~Company 11, Nincteenth Infantry, nrrived at Fort Leavon- worth this cveningg from Fort Lyon, com- munded by Gen. Charles H, Swsith in person. The Ninetcenuh will bo statloncd at Fort Leavenworth until further orders, Gon. Smith ussumivg the dutics of post commauder, ——— WEST POINT. Spectat Dispatch ta Tae Trivune, BroomiNgTON, Feb, 18.~At o Inte hour to- night the judees in the competitive examina- tion decided that O, C. Tear, of Buybrouk, had the highest avorage, and should be sopointed Cadet, to West Point. C, N. Twadel), of Mason City, having the next highest uyorago, wus chasea alternate. —— SUTRO. BaN Francisco, Feb. 18.—The pumping of water {nto the Butro tunnel has heen discon- tinued by the mines. Tt Is now given out thut an enrli‘ settlement of all the differences bu- tween the tunuel company and the mines may be looked for. A New Theory Regarding Mumintos. anurnal of Cheminry, TNaving_ obeerved thut Egyotian mummics could be divided into two clagses, onu embracing those bodles which hnd been embatined {utoes, und the other weluding those bodies which nad been eviscerated, Dr. (inuselback, o Bwedlsh chemist of\repute und Professor of the Univer- salty of Upshl, hos formed the optnlon that the mummics of the first class are not really desd, but are only i a condi tion of suspended anima- tlon; thouih, unfortunately for historians, the seeret of bringing thew wrain to 1ife has been lost, v support of this theory be udduees the rosults of his own researchea ‘and experiinents, oue of which conslsts In submitting u snake to a process, the detatls of which are oI course kept acerct, which petnifles it In this conditfon it has been laid aside for o year or two at o time, uind I then restored to lfe by some eqully wyaterlous vivitylng procvss. Thls has now hecu going on nbout titeen years, uml the sunlio dacs not seens to disliko (t. Dr. Gausol- bock {a suld to buve applied to the Swediah Government for leaye to experinient on a eun- detmned erlminal, the underatundgg oelng thut if the experiment I8 successful the criminat shall receive pardon, becuuse of the gervice Lhuy rendered to sctence, and, possibly, to humanity. Spongo tn Florkin Witers, Key Wert (Fla,) Videtie. A bonauza hus Leen discovered right hers in our harbor, It wus nnulmaml thnt the sponge was extinet In this neighborhood, huving been rguthered yeard szo} but suddenly, nnd by accl dent, ft {8 necertatned thut the m(uhnurlug bars are teeming with epongo of a sunerlor quallty. We are fnformed by u Bponge mo. ant thatn few smnll boats sceured butwesn 38,000 aml $10,000 worth of sponze fn two days lust weel, aud all within a helt-hour’s sall of the wharf, ———— Forged Lottory-Tlokots, An unexpected trouble has befullen the man- agers of tho great French lottery, 1t appears that swindlers nave driven o lvely trado (n the snlo of forged tickets, and the publleation of the nuwbers winning the great prizes hus brought claunants from oll parts of the coun. try. Therearona less than ten clufmunts of th ehlef prize, $25,000, the actunl winner befig o workuion uamod Au[n-lut. cployed by a firm of Juather-murctonts in Parls, Tnexplicable Outrage at & Gravo, Naugatuck (Conn.) Lelter 10 Wateroury Amertedn, "Hireo weaks tigo o lndy ditd - Straltsyiilo und her badf’ a5 buriod In theeemetery, About u week subsequent, o lady and gentlemsn ealled upon the sexton who hiad charze of the cemetery, representiug themselves to be the brother shd sister of the dead woman, — They requested the sexton to open the grave, Bup- pozine that they wished to identify the romajus, this requeat was comphied witl, The colllu was sxhumed, the 1ld "was removed, und the two parties stepped forward, and, 10 the astonish- wnent of the sextan, provecded to 11Tt the corpsy from the cotlin, Having accumplsibied this, ticy Krava clothing, carelully removing every pin winel was used {u fostenlug the cluthes, These, together with & tiuger-ring which they removed from o tinger of the corpse, wera thrown lar off {uto the aurrounding snow. ‘Then, atter roflin thy corpss over sevorsl 8, they repluce, {6 fu e cotlly, serewed down e N, usalsted thy sexian ba wealasin tha game in tha grave, }l\Dflu tho hluhluuu-hx:l the Hudson B Lidd's treusures o Hey l"{l "lnr thewm us soon s the (rost K¢ explorery over il t it Is the best portralt 8 Corisiog fl?.‘,‘,.“fi.;“m ancalar inissionary of el ]uuru-ll ulready oW kel ves xotunation was zlw.!::mfi,mfim ?(yhlnwm'l suxton relatve to thoir atpang,y I'roucd"“""“l tivain ara suld to L from Tartforg. - Ure The CIRCUMNAVIGATIoY, An x:pmllllnn Aronnt Latost, Eduention, o the Editor of L% T CntoAao, Feb, 18~The thoughy ppq of the ;‘»rcnnnt a8 bave mndg nrogress In porfeeting (e}, of sucatlon, The. grad yigepr o liols and dircovery which have added 80 tnu lme“cu sum of human knowledge, so far fro Sy aging the educators of our tinics, nno’:xdmo“h stimulate the thirst for Tearnlng, ang i fuventlon In the device of ney lll;lll ‘uulcken ing. 'fholatest educational enterprisg |«;r‘| e ed upon the {dea of 8 “aclentlilc oxy g around the world,” and contemplates “N\lllnn aflont, organized on board . magnlileent, -(w"m VOSORINg from pork to vort, vislting the ] Interesting countries of the globe, cnm\a:"m study, observatlon, and experionce, ung s directlon of teachers nud lecturers w:cnm cl{ ith X Iu sclence, - practiced in the arts, and 2:‘ w enced {n conducting the manufactures o cominerce of the world, L Hitherto it haa been thou ght that, knowleAize, a_youth should fnish s o TS al coticge, nd then travel. But (e cylatin he futtre, with 80 much more to lc: vlarel his predecessor, must uceds find g qu)r:1 thay to accomplish &, and prepar for lhcx; b lifo. We are ot surbris, thorefo bHes ot cdueational experlment 8o novel and mgia the *Woudrull Sclentifle Expedition 3o 8 the World " stiould_bs seriously propmr s salvo the vexed rruhlcm of hov best to ey - our youth liberafly, practically, i opcotctlt Iy “The objecta of the S Expeditionn et tainly commondable, and it 1 to bo hopms £ may” be renlized, Many of the best edyc 4 i our lund bave given the managers worger} cheer, and recommended the plag hct weh-consldered,jund nost oramising (o The fron, Clvde-built steamer Gen, Wendy of 8,000 tolinfi60 Teet oz, and forty feor tth purchased ab¥oad, apbroved by the Secrore ) the Navy, aud reglstered as Americay by s, 4 :121 uct of Lul{grnu, now lles at Hoboken, |?f|p harbior of New York, flying the flag of the sy dition, She 18 40 Joave on the Bth of May under command of oftleers of the United Stage Navy, and be abseut about sixteen months, nr' creding Jirst Lo tho Azores, 10xt Lo ports p; Brittsh Islands, thetice up the Haite, touhis at Covenlingen, Btockholm, und St. Petarspas then back vin Hunbure, Huvre, Cadiz, ap] Gibraltar, and up ihe Mediterrancan, calling at various ports on the way to Constantinople, fhen torough the Sucz Canal to Tomby, through the” Indion Archipelogo, stopulng 4t seversl ports, to Chitia und Jupan, aud bome 19 San Fransisco via the Sandwich Islinds, Fron Bun Franclsco to Now York the jouruey will e made overlund vy speelal train, stopping ay el {nlerestingy points on the way* The s‘hp will visit at least sixty ports in forelzn countrles, and the members of the exfiudltlou tay vt g'tl)éfix;‘e{uces fnland under the direetion of tha Although this oxpedition {8 especta) slgued for the benetiv of -umums.n hfi{( ;]n: first of the kind, {t Is oven to tourists, ln whih cluss ladies will be included If accorapanied by Tiusbands, fathers, or brothers. The mumoer ol passengers Is limited to 250, Students will have pructieally the position of {unmr olflcerson. board o mon-ot-war, They will have regular hours for study, the attendlng of lectures, und recreation, Tourlsts may attend lectures or not, us they please, uud lcavo the ship o any time. When students Jeave the ship the wil bo uccompunied by one or tnore of the Faclly, for the purposs of ‘object-teaching” g speclal {ustruction ashore. “TI'he besy seasons of the year have been chosen for visiting the dil ferahnt vorts, aud the slip will be in harbor about three-quarters of the time. The Faculty accompanying the expeditlon cop- sists of ten or more LProfessors, all of bigh rank fu thelr respective depurtients of education "The Prestdent Is W, 8 Clark, LL. D, of Ame berst Collewe, a gentleman of extensivo travel, accomphishied seholarship, nnd varled experiencn In orcanizing institutions of leaming, Tt princival coursea of study may be outlined 18 follows: Astronuiny, matheniaties, and vasl- gaton; chemletry nud phystes; architecte wre wnd archieology; geoloxy, mininy, ete., gonernl natural hisiory and botany; ship Ludlding wnd marlve engineering; fnterogtions! luw, the Jaws of commerces and trade, sud maz ufucturine econoiny. ‘I'ils voyugze, well improved, will be of ftselfa iberal adueation for a youngz mon. Incloess suclutiun with o bizh wrade of teachers, amid surroundings most favorable to health, bis de velopment of miud and boay will be natursl and vizorous, He may learn by observation, 1 well ns study, how the arts and sciences arsap- phfed in the dttferent countries of the world, 8 well 08 n 1s owngy und the facts thus gatbered will connect themsolves In his wind with e pleasant adventures of teavel, The members of such an oxpedition may see the world lotell- eently, nnd have the opportunicy to make maay original Investigations, 1o flug, the expedition cunnot fafl to by succesaful n u high degree,and there §8 reason to belleve, from the growlng ins torest in It, thut it willstart on theday appoloted with o full st of students, It (s to be loped that the West will bo_ well represented, as lhe youll of the interfor needs speclal opportunliy to become conversnt with the over-sea world A well-selected 1lbpary will bo furnisted espe- clally rich In works of travel, history, geogrs phy, nnd selence, with special reference lo the cotntrles whict will be visited by the expedl- tion, Among the booke will also ba included seloct nssortment of works of tction wl 1ight Niternturce, ‘The uso of the Hbrary will be iree 1o ull members of the exnedition, uuder usu awd proper rulea for the safe-keeping of the Dbooks nid thefr {mpartial clrculation. Snllll/l‘fl sclentific apparatus, blackbuoards, mogels, wsits and othier requiremeuts of o collego letuse room, will also be provided. & ‘Ilié manugers gre fully alive to the lmng’ tance of hyelenfc measnres, santtary rgUd tions, nnd wood living, so essential to the hcnk(’, und comfort of oll concerned. tore wll 9 taken to huve the vesscl properly ventiitedy warmed, Jighted, and policed, und Kopt n eves respect In secorduncs With the most wbm” sanltary requirements. It wil bothefr pieassis wisl constant endeavor to set the besy possy - table, sparing no palns to provide the best ‘1\?'"' ity of provisions, well cuoked and served nlmkfll uiple varlety, Livery opportuntty willbe ket to replenish und vary the shiy's sture ‘{1 1““ fresh products of th countriea visite ot fzood cooks, stewards, and walters, who ol lI:!l be pllowed to gceept fees from sluuen:‘"wn Detfuyed that the members of the uxn'. s will fure ns well ns the flrst-class msw.n‘glu il baard our aeean steaters, whily the ur! ‘: resemble home arraugements ratlier thal useless extravagauce of hotel lite. 2 tp ot “Thie cust to cach persou for the rousd 1dp slxteen montns is §2,600. ol b8 “Chis sum_ represents the entire expeRse ol expedition for transportation wml b‘{nr[v " or without Instruetlou, Lxpenses mu\‘:-lm’ f individuals away from the uh\!. pro not b(‘- hibe Ly tie manseers, ‘Thev will umlull' oy ablg, however, to materlatly dimimsh oA of inluni cxeursions to those d“"""’;f-. e ingg them, thus cuabling excursfon part -‘xn‘us‘- mado up at much less tan the nuua{ |:u b Waushing-bills will be extra. 'l‘ux(ufiflmw druwieg waterlats und statfonery w¥Iiibe T i atock, und furnjghied at cost, Use 08 U jy napa, models, wnd acfentlfic upsriNe and niedical attendonee, will ba fre wm’n noeessary expenses over and ubove the fe be very trifiing. Paymeut may Booking-fee. Narch 1, 1470, b, oo » arch 1, 18£0. L O Tl prampt payment of the two last l:‘flm ments to be nssured, befors the nm!lu».r o e expedition, fu & mauner satls nugr iy Trenaurers, Mesars, Drexel, "u‘k“h‘! [ Remmittutices stiould bo modo 10 N Fyg chanize, to the order of Messrs. Drexe s ~“=Uuli. ;;l‘nfiiurum, and fuclosed 10 oodrull, Lor, o vase Lt 304 Thambers be ot crrolled the expedition, the money depod iy returned (u full, but without fnterest, Sy vooms tuy b selected st the tln\l\,uuu.u " meut, e —— Au Exampla for struggliss voutlls 1yany Journal, o for Do you know Hiimmert. 1o’ '}'fi:’:flx}m the struieling Amcriean )'mx\}\ w‘ \1 oirs 87010 cd nothing but indigence. T“?. ilrhh "worldif day hia landed on our shores wit i the Wara gy, Activity Temarkaly earitle, Feaulty, be made ns follows: o i offeets, save the clothes that A’;:\;:;:’ Wit 00 wmlddlibg-sized handkerchiet, 2 voor bof\su convineed thst e buried, He the ground, Wealy und s;u o Mr. G. P, A, Healy, ono of vur & Sualer, it 4 ed n portroit of Heury B Sr Tt has panted & PO hdon Acudany 138 100 o the Uy i, by su artst * o Whov e \ uy many records of famous ' Naw York W eredh Cetewayo la & Dilther man thsn old 8h