Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 18, 1879, Page 4

e s NS 2 él_ipz. Tribane, CERMS OF BUBSCIII'TION. Y MAIL—IN ADVANC! ATAGH PREPAID, 81201 Fpecimen coples sent Iree. G’;\'f Toat-Utfice address fn full, ncludiog Btato and Liemftiances may be made either by draft, express, Post-Office arder, or In regiatered letter, at our risk. TEHMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Dally, delivkred, Sunday excepted, 23 cents per week, Daily, delivered, Sinday incinded, 30cents ber week. Address THE THIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborm-sta., Chicago, 111, Orders for the delivery of Tir TainuNK at Evansion, Englewood, and Jiyde Par feft {n the counting-reom wilirecelve prompt sttention. TRIDUNE DRANCIX OFFICES. 1cA00 TRINTNX hias established branch affices o meeteintof mubscriptions and mdvertisements 64 Tows: . TOREW YORR—Ttoom 9 TribundTutiding. ¥.T. Mo- ADDEN, Mansger, # TARIS, France—No, 16 Rue de 1a Grange-Batellero. . Manter, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—American Exchangs, 440 Strand. Hexzy ¥. Givtio, Agent, SAN FRANCISU WASHINGT! Palace flotel, 1319 ¥ street, AMUSEMENT! McVicker's Thentre. Maditon street, between Deatborn aod State, En- gagoment of Mise Ada Civendish, **As You Like It," Ilaverly’s Thentre, Dearborn street. corner of Monrue, of Mr, Joun A. Btevens. **Unkuown," Engagsment Hooley?s Thentre. Tandolph strees, between Clark nnd LaSalle, En- gagement of the New York Criterion Comedy Compa- ny. **Whims," Jamlin's Theatre. Clark atreet. oppoaite the Caurt-House, Varlewy cutertatnment. . **Leopold." Metropniitnn Thentre, Clark street, onpoeita Btiernian House, ** Tina, the Milkyender of Germantown.” Varlety entertatoment. 2 Academy of dusle. Talsted street. between Madison and Bonroe, Va- ety ontertainment, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1879, Among the confirmations by the Bonato yesterday wns that of ex-Gov. IIARTRANFT, of Ponnsylvanin, ns Postmaster of Phila- delphin, whose appointment was an unplons- ant surpriso to the Canenoxn family. Sonator Winpou is accredited with the very sonsiblo preference that somo of the approprintion bills should fail rathor than bo rushed through without adequate consid- eration, A fow more such days ns yestordny in Congress would reconcile peoplo to the failtre of all tho bills, - 'The Governmont might 88 well bo swomped oune wny ns another. » Thero appoars to hnve boon some mistako about Jay Gourp's financial collapso, Ho far frbm boing a wreck, his affairs are evidently in'n mora prosporous condition than evor before. . Ho las latoly closed out ata big profit $7,000,000 worth of Union Pucific stock, aud roceived the cash for it, and still holds' 100,000 shares of the same stock which he proposes to keep until it touches 90. The aétion of the County Board in voting o nboligh the unrestricted carringe-ridos, free dinnerd,. and free liquora which lave nt- tondod the visits' of Commissloners and their friends to the county’s charitable in- stitutions will meet with approval among taxpayers. ‘The Board need have u6 tear of béing thought small and stingy in cutting off the indiscriminnte enjoyment of theso lixu- ries at the county's exponss. The public tempoer in times like these is averse to official junketing of all sorts, and welcomes the parsimony which prohibita it Mayor Heatm last evening submitted to the Common Council a nessage embodying bhis objoctions to tho ordinance permitting the employment among the saloons of twenty special policemen to sorve without pay, and bo designated by the Citizens' Leaguo for tho Buppression of tho Bale of [Liquor to Minora. hic belioves that such an innovation upon po- lico regulations would bo productive rathor of disturbanca than of incronsed quiet, and favors the application of suppressive mens. urea through the regular police forco, The Council failed to pasa the ordinanco over the voto, phalanx which partook of tho hospitality of the Bouthern Ponitentiary at Ghestor returned to Bpringfield perfectly chnrmed with the lo- cation nud entirely prepared to recowmend nn appropriation of 500,000 to carry on tho buge job, Thero Is nothing like a plonsant exoursion, with plenty to eat and drink, and unlimited opportunity for direct persunslon, o enlargo the views of the avoragu legislator rogarding tho oxpenditurc of tho people’s money, Whon all tho pionickers got buck from their investigations of Lills of faro nt tho various charitablo institutions the Stato Lreasury may as woll turn itself fnside outat oncoe and have doue with it, It was a grent day in Congreas yeslordny for the admirers of a paterunl Government, Without a word of debate, sud with no pos- sibility of a kuowledgo us to whether it way squandoring money or wisely nppropriating at, the louse votod away 85,000,000, of ‘which tho Ponsion-Arrears bill took $27,000,. 000 nod the River and Hurbor bill the re. maindor, The Senato wns nlso ongnged in the chieorful business of creating n duficionoy, its oporations efug in tho direction of o re. duction of the revonua by endenvoring to ro- move a portion *4¢ tho tax on tobneco, If 1l lattor movemout succeeds, tho total of yeostordny's work will mnount to a deflcit of 318,000,000, —— Mr. Freventok Dovgrass, Marshal of tho District of Columbia, delivored an address in Washington a fow evonings ago, in which he went out of Lis way to give the colored peoplo of the United States n little gratuit. ous advice. Just now there 18 a good deal of uucasinoss manifested by the colored oitizens of the cotton States, and a disposition shown to got out of tho resch of the butl. dozors and White-Lesguers futo n safor and maro peacoful, if not & more salubrious, cli. mate. Dovarass took cccasion to put Lis wmetaplorical foot upon this soheme of ml. gration, which is foreshadowed Ly Seuntor ‘Winvou's proposition now Lefore the Senate, uud advised tho nogro to stoy whero he is, and to fight it out on that line if it tokes to ull eternity. Dovorass is o colored man himself, 8 very sblo and intelligent one, but for obvious reasons hie advico to that ruco {8 of no more worth thas the opinion of any wise and disoreot white person who hus bad the same opportunitive fur wakivg observativns uud obtaivivg ine formation, e waa born o slave, it ) but ho took the first chancd to rn away from his tnskninstor that prosented itself, and for tha last twenly years his vocation as a publie lecturer hins put him practically out of close sympathy with tha poor, ontrngod, anhd abnised common people of his own color. This ta not hia fault, but it has boen so greally to his hdvautago that he I incapable of putting hlmsolf in the negroe's placo, nnd in taking an inside viow of the prosent situ. ation, Douorass assures theso peoplo that thoy can nover got nway from the white man, go whero they will, nor onn they mi- grate toany country whera they wilgnot have thick lips and a binck skin,—oil of which is undoubtedly true, But Dovorass ought to know that a uegro is much more likely to most with good trentment in Kansas then in Mississlppl,—in Nebraska than in Louisi aus,—and, if ho finds his lot o bard one in one locality Ly renson of social and politienl ostracism, tlhiore is no good reason why ho shiould not follow tho example of Dotorass liimself whon ho ran awny from his old mas. ter in ordor to better his condition, Thero is another napeot of this subjoot of negro migeation that Dovarass hna probably ovor- looked, but which is not witliout its moral significance. 'I'he Southern whites cannot do without tho 1abor of thoir ex-slaves, and, when thoy seo thom packing up their traps proparatory to leaving thoe State, it may bo that their old onomies and opprossors, tho white men, mny agrea to réspdat thelr rights and troat them decontly, if they will stay snd hoo his corn and drive his mules, The Dest advice o a oolored man in a bulldozed Stato is to * go,” unloss he is recognized and tronted ns n human being, If San Domingo belonged to the United Btates it would not be diffieult to tell him whera to go in order to bettor his condition. Tho Sub-Committes of the Joint Comumit- tee of the Sonate and House now in tho city to investigate tho militin question are going about it in the right way to obtain the in- formation they seck by liolding conferences with tho militin officers, representatives of the Uitizens' Association, nnd others .inter- erted. in the matter, 'Tho searchers after material for n Militia bill could not have chosen n botter method to arrive at tho true needs of tho loeal militin organizations and the true sentiment of the poople of this seo- tion of the Stnto rogarding iho measuro of asslatance and support to be oxtended by tho Legislature. Tho Committee is nlso in a fair way to find out why it is that the vesidents of Chicago aro s0 warmly inlerested in the maintonance of the First and Sccond Regi- ments, and to discover that thero Is tiuth and forco in tho plea that these bodies of troops aro nevded ns o safeguard against riot and raplne, : THE ANTI-COOLIE BILL. The Bonate debato on the bill limiting the transportation of Chinese to the United Btotes to not excoeding fifteen persons by any one vessel, wad nn earnest one, Stripped of ils sentimentnlism, the opposition o the bill conld renlly interpose no valid objection to either the legality or the expedienoy of tho legislation, It will be noticed that the further removed from personal contact with the Chineso tho word intense wns tho objec- tion to the exclusion of the Coolie serfs, and tho stronger waa tho ‘sentimentality whieh demanded for them freo and unlimited ndmission to this country. . Tho advocates nud frlonda’ of Coolle immigrition objeated to tho law on severnl grounds, lhe principal of which may be stated as follows : (1) That our intorcourso with Ohina is regulated by Lreaty, and that Congress knd no power to thus nbrogate n ireaty. (2) That it iuvites ratalintion by China. (3) That until lately wo lied no trado with Ghina, and that tho trade, espocinlly in cotton man- ufnctures, transforrad recently to this coun. try, may bo given back to Great Britain, (4) That tho larga American population in Chinamay be, in retalintion, subjected to insults and loss of business, if not expul- sion. (A) That the prospectivo ‘trade with the hundreds of iillions of Chineso will be lost to the Unitod States forever. (G) Tlat it is a deninl of Loepltality and right of asylum which aro extended to all other people. Theso objections aro altogether moro fanci- ful than substantial. Tu the first place, every nntlon hns of necessity ‘the Inheront right to regulate and control the migration to and residence of people of foreign coun. trios withiu its limits, “This power Is exer- cised by overy Government, and cannot Le justly questioned, Wo nrguo otherwise would bo to contend that n Government mny bartor or cedo nway its own power to rogu- Into and govern its own domcstio policy, The right to abrogate a lreaty is nlso un. questionablo; whon the abrogation inter. furos with no propoerty contract, the powor is nbsolute, Noticos moy bo required s an act of conrlosy, but thoy ire not cssoutial, and in tho Chinese treaty none is required, 'I'he objection to the bill becnuse onr trade with China is niloged to bo incroasing, es- pecislly in exports of American oatton goods, and that this unfriendly action mny hava the cifect of giving that trade back to Angland, i really of noe practical foree, Until within n fow years we hava bought Inrgely of tea and of silk from China, und have paid for them mainly iu silver. The tradu was in tho iIntorest of Chiuw, Our purchasos from China for tho yonr ending Juno 80, 1877, amonnuted to P11,141,447, ngaingt which we exported only $1,046,000 in merchandine, and for the batance puld in direct exports of “wilver or in gold bills on Toudon, Siuce thon wu have increased owr cxports of cotton manufnctures to Chinn, Just a4 wo have incronsed such exports to other countrios, Iut this iucroasy hns not been duo to any frieudship or new.born affection on tho purt of the Ohinese for the Amoricans, but s due to tho samo reason which his onabled us to sell our goods in England, aud that i, that ‘we are able to offer bolter goods for less money than onr compotitors. When tho Ohiness can buy our lour chespor than thoy can get it from Chili or Australin, thoy buy of us; when thoy ean Luy American cotton goods chenper than thoy can buy British goods of equal quality, thoy buy of us, und uot otherwine; aud that man knows Hitle of humau nature who assumos that the Chiness will pay moro for flour and moro for cotton goods ta other countries thay thoy can got the flour and cotton for in this country, Bo it is not at all likely that wo will loso nuy warket in Chinn for American goods %o long as wo shall bo 4blu to sell our goods choaper than like goods can be obtained elsewhere, Suppuso that Ohlun oloses all the treaty ports against American vessols aud American goods, In that caso wo will have wercly to transfer our business to Hong Kong, a freo port, the property of Great Britain, and the principal seat of the British Ohinose trude, I'he rolutive positions of Chiuesa in this conntry and of Awmericans in Ohina do uot otfor much roow for rutulistory lewislation by THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TULSDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1870--TWELYE PAGEA tho GOhincse. ‘Plio¥e aro from 160,000 to 170,000 Olilnose in tho United Htates; thero are 631 Amerfonns in China nt lnst necount. This bill passed by Congress docsnot exclido any Coolics now hore; it does not prohibit others comingy it simply lmits the immi- gratlon o fitteon poregud by nauy ono vessel. The Coolies in this conn®y havo the liberty to go nnywhera within the lmitd of tho United States, to engngo in any branch of trade, or profetsion; or ocoupntion, Every btidnesd is opoh to them, Tho Amerlenns in China have no such liberty. Thoy are com- pelled to reside ot cortain ports, Thoy dro not free to travel, Thero ara not porhaps over fifty Americans who go to Ohina an. nunlly to reside. 8o the American restrlc- tons placed on Ohinese Immigration, if fmi. tated by tho Ohinese Goverument, would tiot sorlously nffeot tho Americatt population prosent or prospective in Ohita, Our principal imporls from Ohina are tea and gilk, and wo oxport Oatifornin flour and some ootton cloth. China may imposo & digeriminating daty on American flour and cotton, theroby punishing her own consnm. ors, and may {inporo an export duty 6n tea and ailk seht to tho Usilted States. In this cosa wo would simply linve to purchase . Ohinese silk and tea from Ifong Kong, or wo would bulld up n trado in silk and ten with Japnn,—the Japhnedo tea oud silk alrendy coming latgely to the United Btates, nid are found to be bettor articles. Thore is no commieroial rotalistion or diserimination to which China may resort which would not bo fir more injurlons to Chiva than to the United Btates, and there is not a partiole of likelihood that tho Celestinls will bito off their own noses to spitous, . | Tho nllegation that this discrimination against Chiuese immigration is o donlal of *“ national houpitality and asylum,” which has always mnrked our Listory, is not well founded. When the treaty with the Chi- nese was negotinted the Mongolian ng n part of our population was unknown, Ainerican wolcomo and hospitality to persons of other nations ara founded on tho expocted nbsorp- tion and assimilation of ull lmmigrante with our peoplo ; that they will become part of otir peoplo, and their alien character be lost in their idoutification with the American peoplo. I'ho Chinese have proven to be in-~ eapable of Lhis consolidation with the citizous of this country. Thoy do not come to stay ; they como ns practical bondsmon ; they bring no wives or children; the fow women who aro bronght here como 08 a pestilonco and avowedly for criminal purposes, Lvery Ghina Coolis proposes to bo returnod, alive or dodd, to his native lnnd, aud the class of Obinese who nlono come to this conntry are of tho lowest and most de- graded class,—outcasts at Lowe, and whoso depnrturo is a rolief to tho home authoritics. No country will tolerate within 1ts country n vast body of chronlo aliuns,—wilhout family tios, without any political or economienl tivs, and who propose to romain aliens in lan. guage, habits, customsy roligion, nnd all other particulars, Theso people’ lavo come bither aud are how coming hither Ly ship. londs, to become rivala and compotitors with tho citizon population, to work at cut-undor wages, to herd and vegetate togethor, to grasp at all employment, hoard . thuir wages, and, when their pile fa minde, thon depart for tho Colestinl Empire, low long would China permit or tolerato tho invasion of 160,000 ‘Ameriean moechanics, with their menns of lnbor, to pour into Chinose cities, underbid the native workman, and, glenning tho country over, send bnek to the Unitod Bintes tho wages they had taken from those of tho Obitieso who had boen thrown out of employment? No ollier Govornment would tolorato the presonco of such a population as the Coolies under any other condition than a8 slaves or serfs, and in getting rid of African Blavery wo do not wish to adopt evon n more degraded system of Mongollan aerfdom. ‘ On the whole, thoe legislation in justifinble, fs dompuded by publio sentimont, is freo of oll moral, politienl, and commereinl objec. tions, nud we cnunot belisve that the Presi- dent will interpose his Executive power to negative o Inw 80 proper and right, and at the same time so desirable, THE RIVALS, Tho two most conspicuons candidates for the Presidonoy on the Democratio side of the United States Senata at tho present moment are Mr, T'iunsax, of Obio, and Mr, Bavanp, of Delaware, Iy common consent, as well os on their own motion, they have beon placed in tho fleld, subject to tho decision of the nogt Democratic Natlonal Convention, nnd thesa gentlemen have already bogun to antogouize ench other's schomes aud plans to secura the nominntion. They disngroed fundamentally upon the question of financo and rosumption,—Bavaun standing firmly by the traditional policy of the Domoacratio party for hard monoy, and ‘L'iunsay falling o willing victim to the fat epidemic that swept vl 50 many of his party, Both aro nblo men, playing for the sama magnificent stnke,—tho White House,—and both, lot us hope and pray, dvomed to disappointmont, Last Monday night theso two rival oandi. dates Jocked Lorny in the Democratic cnucus in n mattor that vory olonrly indieatod the line of polioy thnt ench one of them fntends to pursue in prosocuting his desigus upou the Presfdency, The eancus wns a most no. tablo and important oue in mnuy respeats, not only as revenling the animus of tho Dem- oorativ party in Congross as to tho ralicial changes they intond to make, but as offering tho opportunity for Tnunxax and Bavann to show thoir hauds in thg gume that both un. dorstand, The Democrmts aro just now londing up the difforent apprapriation bills with all sorts of fucidental extrancons and uttorly portunn projeots, with the hopo that thoy cun forca tho Rupublieans to consont to thie kiud of logislation rathor than sce the Lills fail or an oxtra acssion of Congress onlled. "‘I'munsan goes heavtily into this arrangemont, and the other night in a joint cnucns ho proposed to amond Boe, 800 of the Rovised Btatntes providing for tho drawing of jurors so that in United Btates Courts the jurors will ba drawn by tho Clerk nond n Qommissioner appoluted by the presiding Judge, the Commissioner to be of difforent politios from the Olerk, nnd the names of at leust 800 Jurora to be placed in the box, ‘L'his was in. tended as Cuunman's bid for the voto of the Solld Bouth, and on it along and’ angry do. bato ensued, jn which T'nusaan argued that the Democraty should insist on this chango contomplated by his amendmont even if the wheely of Governiment shonld stop, Meyars, Everis, Drzox, Dracksumy, and others supported ‘PuvnMan's absurb view of the case, nnd doclared thnt the South was soroly oppressed by laws passed by Repub. licays, Biavanp saw hiw opportunity to an. tagoniza his wary opponant, and to force him luto the attitude of cottoning to tho Confedorates, 1o mado a uotable sposch against tho Tuunuan proposition, in which ho denounced that aud kindred projects us rovolutioiidry, aird veminded the Democrats that no legisintion should bd adapted that ‘would alorm the Norih, if they hoped to sd- ceod in 1880, Bavanp said that they must 80 ahinha tholr logislntion ntd construct their platforms ns to make thom nccord with pubilio sontiniont tn tho Nocth, ntl to this viow of the_case Hirw and KerNax gavo thelr nssont, But Tnunwan's sop to the South enrried by n Inrge majority, aml it remains to Vo soon whothor hils cntering to that seotion nt tho éxpense of sotnd legislation nnd o Tofty statosmhulike course will ituro to his personal and political Lonefit or not, It is plain that Bavanp intonds to look more to the North than {o the South in order to oatire the nomination, feoling nssured that, aftor that is obtained, thelr interest nud in. alination will fordo them to support him. RATES OF INTEREST, It is ovident that thero will bo o deter- miued offort made in tho Leglalaturea of most of the Western States this yenr to re- duce the legal rato of interest, It i gener- nlly couceded that 8 per cent now is fuliy equnl to, if not mora than, 10 per cont was n fow yenrs ngo when that was fized s the moximum rate {4 thost of tho Wostern Statea, Noris it to bo doubied that monoy will bo procurable fn the futuro at the prosent ro- duced rates if tho Government shall maintain rosumption, if the balanco of trado shnll con- tinuo in favor of this conntry, and if n good banking systém, equal to that provided by the National banks, stnll provail. From the standpoint of those who believe that it is de- Birable for the State Governments to limit the rate of interest which mny be charged for the a0 of moncey, it is manifestly proper to chango the legal rato in harmony with the chango of monetary conditions. As the mn- Jority of tho State Governments do undertako to fix a rate boyond which it is not lawful for lenders to exnet Interest from borrowars, 1t is probable that the laws in most of tho States will bo nmended, In connection with thia subjeet the following table, prapared. by Duxn's Commeroial Agenay, and showing the legnl ntatus of intercst-rates in ull the States, will bo of interest: | States iwhlch permit limited spectal Fatés| of tnterest by agreenienta inwriting, -+ pazmoyn 2p0s geayligg Forthweatern States— Ghlo Mlchipan . Wisconsin, 8 12 8 10 bt o (1) States which perniit uniimited speciai rates of inlerest by ugreements in trit- it New England States— s Muine, 523 Mawachiiset B3 Tthode Tnland 224 Connectfeut, F55 ‘Westorn Stats 24 Colorado,, ~8lag8 Californfa, == Nevads 10, £ 5 ) a9 New Encland States— ) Now 11 o g Verimn g = Middlo State : 2 Now York. q 8 Now derscy IS Pennuyly of 3 i‘)"l"l"" 8 ic olawnre Southern S 28 Virul 1) IS Sontis Carolina, | [ Alnbann. .. 8 8 West Virginl of = Tenncaseo g g L L LTI L I § Mort of the Western Governors have dirgoted the attontion of the Legiulatures to ’| this- subject, Tho Governar of Michigan, for instanco, recommends that thoro shall bo but ono rate allowed, whethor there bon contract as to rato or not, aud that it shall bo 7 per cont, which is now the legal rate in thint State in tho nbronco of a contract. "Tho disposition in this State soeins to bo in favor of rotnining 6 per cent ns the legnl rate whero thero is no agrecoment, and uo moro than 8 percent in caso of contract, ‘The change in the latter would mainly affect tha accom- modntion lonns made by the banks, on which it is ntill customary to charge 10 per cent ox. copt when tho security is of the best charno- tor and the inducements to make the loan nre espeoinlly attractive, Tu cascs of loans made to nccommodate urgont necessity on the part of the burrowoer, or by strest and pawn brokors, there s always a way for ovad. ing the law, whatever tho maximum rato mny be, Many of tha best thinkers nand most nouto observers favor tho aboli. tion of every legal rato of interest oxcopt in the absouco of an agreomont bLotween tho lender and the Lorrower, This ia the system provailng in most of thoe Now En- gland States and ou the Poeifie Const. Dut tho fixing of & maximum rate, with a fair margin over the legal rate whon thore I8 no ngroement, 8 cortufnly prefernble to the fix. ing of an nrbitrary rato, which {3 tho case where ouly one rato is pormitted in’ovory transaction, Whorovor this rulo of fixing a nnximum rato prevails, and such rate s now 10 per cent or moro, ng it in in all the Northwestern States except Ohlo, and in mostof the Western and Southern States, then it {8 caortnin that tho theory of State regu- Intlon suggestsa reduction of tho highost rate to 8 pur cent, which Is all that monoy is worth now in any legitimnto trgnenotion, It 1u this changa which witl probably bo mnado by the Dllinois Legislature, [ S — THE CINCINNATI MUSICAL PRIZE. The prize recently offered by tho Cincin. natl Musio Fostival Association for the bost composition for voloes and orchestra is so liboral in its charnctor and conditionu that it will bo likely to enll out tho best talent we have, Astho nompu“do‘l. howover, {slimited to composers of native birth, it is not likely that the Judges will be flooded with enntntas nnd oratorios, Wa have plenty of coniposers of songs, and ULallads, and polkas, nnd waltzos, some of which now and thon flud their way Into tho concejl-room. T'ho vast majority of them enjoy a tumporary loaso of lifo in tho parlor, and then die nud leave no sign, or find thelr way to tho church concert aud the miustrol stage aud have a briof sea- sun of popularity, ‘Cho faloof our home- wndo bullads is woll llustrated by tho ox- porienca of tho late Fustes, who wroto scoros of characteristis songs, of which Lut one is now knowa, *‘Cho Old Folks at Home," and even this ditty might have porished long ngo hud it not beon for the whim of Onuusting Nirgson, who one day took o fancy to ging it, ond thoroby set & fashion which all tho other vacolists jmwmediately imitated. Mr, Roor, Mr, Wonk, and others wrote a groat many war-songs, which had gront popularity, but they died with the occaslon that gave birth to them. We have plonty of opbivineral auugs like ¢ Shoo Fly." “laby Mine,” and * My Geavdfnther's Clock." Plicy como and go likko flios from the Inkeo in Juno. The American pooplo arve vory ficklo In their tastes, A new mong.ap- ponra and ticklos thoir fancy, Kvery one is whistlsy nnd singing it, until it soon be- comos the torror of every heighborhood. Tho very next song that comos out is seized nipon and tho old onb droppoad. In thig wo diffor from tho Euglish peoplo, who rever- ontly and obstinntely cling to their old sonys sud richly reward their grent siugors for singiug tho same batlads yoar in and year ont, We must have anew one every day. Whera tastes aro go flcklo and snceoss 80 un- certain, there 18 no fucontlve for large and thoughtful work. 'The mnn who hos n kunck for grinding out tunes will alwaya monopolize tho market, and it is not impossiblo nt tho present marvelous paco of invention that oven ho will soon have to step nsido to mnko room for Mr. Hprsok's music.ml, which will grind out tunes of all deserip. tlons by simply turning & erank and shoveling crotehota and quavers into a hoppor. Another cnuso which has operatod against composi- tion is that the Old World has bequoatliod us o bonanzn of muslo accumulated during the pnst two huudred years, so nbundant and so oxcellont that tenchers, composors, and conductors prefor to draw thoir musio from 1t, not only beeauss it {s rendy made, but bocauso every song thoy may take, oven at random, hna tho stamp of gonius. While our uphemeral sotigs avo rising and sotting with the sun, the songs of Mozant, HANDEL, Brernoven, MeNperssony, Sonusany, Sonu- vEnT, and others hold their place from year to yoar, and gonoration to goneration, and bld falr to liva from contury to coutury. Tho number of these songs is legion, 'They have the gift of fmmortality, i Hoticg It Is that, while wo Lavo celobrated our Oentennial and made mighty strides in all material directions, our miisienl growth Lias boen confined to the production of grent singors. In composition we have produced nothing to fix a stylo or aschool, It is doubtful whether we bave produced singlo Inrge musical work destined to ontlive the writor, In one hundred years we have had ono full-fledged opera, Mr, Winiusm I, Tny's * Leonore,” not a note of which can now bo found. Wa have had one ballad op- cra, Mr. Bumwsrow’s “Rip Van Winkle.” Wheroig it? Me, Pave has given us the oratorio of * 8t. Peter,” and, although it was written only a fow yenrs ago, it is slready on the shelves, Mr, Buck bas given us a full-grown cantatn, *Don Dunio,” but it is atill unknown out of Now England, Mr, ParNg, Mr, Bomsg, Mr, Pnatr, aud others hinve mnde symphonies which hava barely had a singlo hearing. This inay be somewhat humiliating, but it is nevortheless truo, As wo have already said, the Cincinnati judges will not be seriously embarrassed with a multiplicity of works, Wo faney the compatition will bo narrowed down fo & hnudful of composers. My, Paine, of Bog- ton, Mr, Buck, of Brooklyn, Mr; Botse, Mr, Nicuor, and . Peask, of Noew York, sud Mr, PuatT and Mr. (eagon, of Chiengo, onght to submit compositions, aud it is prolty certnin that ono of theso soven will curry off tho prize, unless it should happen that somo unknoivn man, some dark horse in tho musical race, apponrs, of whom no ong hns heard. ‘This, howover, is not prob. able, for composition is.not altogethor n matter of sudden inspiration. It is to a cor- tain extent mathomaticnl and cold-blooded, and presupposces a study of musical grammar ns well 0 of tho estheticaof the art, It may Do that some American will turn up, like tho young IHungnrinn Voonrrsow, whom M, Restexyr discovered fu Now Yorlk, who has succeedod In keoping his musieal training n secrol 3 but suoh modesty ny this is not ohar- ncterigtio of American musical work, If we hinve n composer among uk, howaver, capn- bla of producing alargo and scrious work, the texms of tho Cinolnnati premium are caloulated to draw him out. 'T'he offer should meet with n hearly response, and invito hon. cst, enrnest work. Nearly olght months are allowed for tho compatitors, which is ample timo, If they cannot write n work of the kind nsked for in that time, they cannot write ono at all, For the oredit of American music, we trust the offer of Oinciunati will give us somo typical national work and show us tho lendor of our musical thonght. — BOME FALSE HISTORY, The appointmeut of Gen, Baxgs ns United Btates Murshal of DdIassachusetts, nud some adverso Republioan commnent thoroon, have elioited from the Peorin Democrat s rovival of on old slandor, The Democrat, m justi. fying Bavxs from tho chargo of rospousi. bility for the fallure of tho Red-River expe. dition, enys that * It was doliberately, devil. wuhly predetermined at Washington, before ho started on that o, any other expedition, that ho shonld fail.” The theory is that, Fresmont and Bavks havingd” been commis. sioned Mnjor.Genernls, thers was n con- apiracy to crush thom because thoy were Republicans, nud thoreafter to ropress every othor Nepublican Goneral or promineut offior, in the foar that a successful soldier of Ropublican politics might be a rival of LrncoLn’s for the Presidentinl nomination iu 18641 Tt was formerly tho custom of Dem. ocrats of tho Copperhiond class to tire ‘the country with complainta that MoCrrLrax hnd been * erushed " by Laneonx because he threptoned to become a formidable candidate on the Demooratio side, Lut the new version of the story is that tho conspiracy was directod ngninst tho promotion of Roepub- ltenn ofticors, and that *‘Tho ohiet con. spirator in this damaing villiiny put upon a atruggling sud bleeding peopla was I, I, Wasupunne." 'Tho only arguniont which the Demaorat adduces in support of this theory 18 in the following oxtract from its artiole s *tDemocraticofiicers wero made Major-Generals and corpa commundors without stiot, ~McCr LN, BuBLL, GuaNT, Bueusan, Hooxzk, MNui Senuwick, Louad, Rowecuaxs, Tnoxas, Mmapr, Scnorikly, Guaong, Hancock,and more who conld bo named, If we hisd tho **roster of tho srmy, But fow or no Ropublicans. o any man insult the Intellgence of the American peo- ple by saylng thut all tho military wenlus in this country cuuld only bs found tn the ranks uf Demo- cratic oficers? The {dea §8 preposterous, And if o, then thero wad a reason—a deop, 8 damning roas sun—fur keoplng fn check army oflicern of Hepub. Mcan politics, The reasun was that no Republican army oflicer should Lo allowed to achieve distine. tlon, becauso that would mako bim s formidable rival for the Presidency In 1804 or 1808, 8o thoy ware held back, snubbed, or broken and disgracod, AF thoy gave tho slightest indication of gettiog wo strong, It will require & cemdury for & wroneed people to Lecomie fully convineod of this perfectly %m.m purposes butattor they have pald futorest for o century on moro than two thogsand millions of publicdebt, needlesnly plied up to carry out thiv schewo, they will seo It If they could soe it now, corlain monument would ba tarn brick from brlck and stone from stone tlil not a spock of mortar re- mnlx‘x'ed tomark the spotorto perpetuate a mem- ory,' Al this is vory ridiculons, and only has an intorest us a rolio of thomorbld Copperhiond- iamn which provailed to a certaln extont dur. ing tho War period, end of the rclentloss Liutred cherishod against Lvoory by disloyal Domocrats as tho most conspictious fligure swone uil who wers sotive lu,cuuuuurhu'lhu Southern Htates Into sbmission. As to the appointment of Gonerals in high command, the na'ural tendency was to try first the nrimy oflicers of exporienco who remnined loyal, and the graduntes of Weast Poiut. ‘I'heso men onme Into command, without re- gard to thelr individunl polltics, with the two ndvantngos of seniority nnd speols! edu- ention, It whs on this nocotnt that oMoors liko McDowrun, McUrerta¥, Iloomen, Henteermay, Sessen, 11avoook, Hunten, Pore, MoPnemsoX, Somorietb, Baenmaw, Rosecrans, Bunxstor, Mraoe, Trouas, CaN- By, SuempaN, Bueuy, Howanp, Harteox, and Graxt woro appointed or rapldly promoted to high commands, and {n most cases thoir subsoquont successes justifiod tholr soloction. 1t a trup that the mnjority of these regular army and Wost Point Gonorals wera origl. nnlly Democrats, so far ns they had any po- litical attachments; but this arose trom the fact that the Democrats had been for a whole generation In control of the Guvetnment, and had naturally distributed tha West TPoint patronage nmong the @ona of membors of their - own party, 'The fact that thoy wero Demooratle in tholr proclivities, however, would mnot have exensod tho exclusion of their superior education and ability from high commands, 80 loog us thoy wero loyal to the Union enuse; and Lixcony would rother have been censurable for ignoring their claina on par- tenn grounds than for recoguizing them,’ When it came to the appointment of ** polit feal” Gonernls from civil lifo, it cannot be chorged with truth that Livcotn slighted the Ropublicnns, Tho record shows the seloction of T'aramn, Oarespy, HanTnANFT, Sepawior, Bangs, Fresont, Bares, Bioey, ‘Warzxce (Indiana), Hannisow, FnaNg Bramn, Noves, IHayes, Wasnouny (Wisconsin), Iuninor, and scores of others, all Ropub- licaus, for responsible and importaint com. mands; all thess men certainly onjoyed equal chanoes with othor ** political” Gengr. als on the Demodiatio side, At the somo timo, there is no doubt that it was Lincory's policy (and 8 wiso policy too) to call Demo- ernta to the front, whonover that conld be done without detriment to tho publis sorvice, ns o means for socuring Democratic support in the proscoution of the War, This coh. sideration had much weight in the sclection of Democrats lile Loaan, Butien, McOres. NAND," tho MoCooms, aud others, The Democrats pursued the snmo policy in tlo Mexican War by giving important commnuds to the Whigs, who renlly reaped the most honors, and snbse- quently gained great political advantages by renson of this considerntion. So the Democrats who set up thie Confederats Gov- ernment gave tho Whigs and Conservatives bigh officos and responsible commands with tho samo purposa of uniting all the Southern peopla in the hearty support of the now Gov- ernmont, This Peorin Bourbon, who now secks to distort history for the purposo of bringing obloquy upon the martyred Lixcory, has turned his own theory into ridiculo by charg- ing that B, B, Wasnuunys was tho hedd and front of this alleged Livoron conspiracy. Lvorybody knows that Wasunonnz was from the very dnrlicst manifestation of Graxt's military prowess tha latter's most devoted admiror and stendfast advocato and support- or, uotwithstanding Gmasr (originally o ‘Whig, and then more intlined to be a Ropub- ilican than anything else) was stre to be Lix. _corx's most dangerous rival if Liycory had liygd,, Gnant himsolf fully scknowledged 'Wasnnunne's faithful and unsworving friend- ship by appointing tho lattor to the ohief plneo in kis Cabinet, and aftorwnrds giving him his cholco among the forelgn missions | whon Wasnoury: determined to rotiro from the Oabinet. The fnct is, there is not & sin- glo circumstanco that confirms the theory that Lincory and his friends conspired to keop nnybody down, and tho alleged con. spiracy had no oxistonce outside tha imagina- tion of Copperhends; who, at this lato day, can't ngreo whothor said conspiracy was di. rected ngainat Ropublican or Doemoeratic Generals, ——— A number of prominont clergymien, of New York Stato have' begun a crusadoe ugainst the Onefda Community, The flrat steps wore taken at o meetlng hetd at the Bvracuse University Friday afternoon. Among those present were Dr. Means, of Hamllton Collége; Bishop Hunr- INOTON, of the Eplscopal Dlocese ot Central New York; Bishop Peck, of the Methoulst Chureh; und Chancellor Haven, of the Unlyer- sity. Dr. MEANS {3 801d to be at tho head of the movement. IHe started it befora the Utiea Vresbytery a year ago, and was appolnted by that body Chalrman of & Committee to collect information on the subjeet. The difit:ulty in dealing with the Onelda Community legally s that aduitery s not a penal offense In New York, nnd while seutiment at a distance from the Community {s hostiie to it, the people in the fu- medlate neighborhood are friendly, The Com- munity gives employment to many outstders, it. {8 rich wnd orderly, und gdds much to the pros. perity of ihe country, A reporter who went to seo J. Iluwrnngy Novms, the lesder of the Community, and was turtied over to WILLIAM ALYRED JlINES i stead, ind an {utercesting conversation with the latter in rezard fo the general subject. Mr. Mixus says thut the Community will offer no re- slstance If lewally interfercd with, but will move outof tho State with all its goods and belong- ings, As tothe charge of ymmorality in the sexunl relatlons of the, members of the Com- munity, he says there s a great difference bo- tween the Mormon plen of many wives, the Chiristian plan of ono wife, und the Onetda plan of no wifuj and that be cannot sea thut the lost Plan ot all resembles the lirst, or 18 any worso than the sccond, The rearing of ehildren in the Onelda Community 18 a religlous and sclentifle duty, und as evidence of the fidelity with which that duty hag heen dischareed Mr, Flings ro- ferred to the remurkable healthfulness of uil the chlldren belonging to the Communlty, But It is belisved argumenta of this descriotion will not avarl much ngatnst tho, movement now bezun aguinst the Buclety, which has enlisted sotno of the foremost men in Contrul New York, snd will soonhave all denominutions of Christiuns at {te back. ‘The Soclety ia charged with corrupt- Iug the youth, and from the thne of Bocrates down this hasboen o very hard churge to mest successfully, s — Tho Boston Commercial Ihdletin advises the Btatoof Iilinols to keep still about the bad faith of Memphts, inasmuch as the City of Spring- fiekd {s fn atmostus bad u plight, There does not seom to bo any pressnt necessity for owr kosps fuyg still, 12 we feel like talking out, ‘The Olty of SBpringlleld has uo dishonuruble fatentions, 1t nas the disposition and the juesus to pay its dubts, but {s upaole to do 6o, owing to a clumsy Revenue law und coustitutional restrictions, Tt fa ju the vositiou ot an henorable but unfortus nate man who, owing to ciccumstances over which lio bas no control, is ububle to realizo upon his assets, If o Bostou merchaut who had a large part of his fortuno at sea were tem- porarily embarrassed till bis ships camo home, and the delay was not forescon nor preventablo by bim, the Commarcial LBulletin probably would not use hard lauguage in speaking of him; yet thia le'preclscly tho situation of the City of Springheld, e ——— The Statesman's Year-Zivok for 1870, which has just mado its uppearance, cotyaing soma In- Levesting fluures rolative to the pgpumlon of the OKE Worid, I credits Russla ™ with 86,230, 199 veosle, of whow 8.000,600 are In ber Aslatic territory. Qtent Britaln, Whey g, pendencles, elalma 835,350 (p0 " V1001 iy Kindom itnelf baving 41817,10, o0 Caltog Etnplre nuinbors 42,790,350, xm:n “‘l‘ ierman whom are i Prussie, Fegy 4N liaif g colonios, number 43,42, 470, lu‘r.'l,h’;"“':’mz ber numbering her old enemy, Ching 1y ‘g\mv s 435,210,152, A8 LOTe I mo cenmug of 0% b try, the figures evidéntly belong . coute Imaginative categors that. charaetepey ™" forta of the St. Louls censuetakers, 3. 1¢ 2 total poputation of 42,5843 ,ln-‘kfl!n by 000.000,—of whieh numbor only 4,238,002 Earope; whilo Uteece has only 1,157 gy, o7 most talthfully obeya the Seriptural e ® fncreaso and tmultiply, there beiy 4 (\.u‘. Yelo to every thousind of the papulation, driy Teast faithful, there betyge only 94 3.4, f'flnce f 18 the healthiest, clatning but 17 5.1y gorc every thousand, whllo Austria 1y (e unh the g 51,85 510 of e people mut nf epn - sand dying cach year. The old magyy hi hon. 1e in Bwiterland, whero thers ary “’011.;"“"' tiages Lo every thousand of Poputation, mar. thelt desnilt {8 Treland, where (e fzgrer ™ but 12 1-10 to the thousand, 1t ——— The artlelo about Chieago whtey Telegraph was good enough 1o ml‘n“l! }:r:‘h cotitaltind ane {nportant. crtor, whien, (o ot enke of common justice, shout be l‘;m!:led After referring th the marvelous Zrowth v fine prostiects of the city, the writer qons(ig1 Wo road without murprie e Fathers ¥ hwre niled b a0 biz ' moneny o2 rawed on any terms, Fo HPRey- i be o, Tt is not trua that the debt of Chies, TLin only $1360000, whilo the ey e Yorlk for Instance s $130,000,000, and thoss ;; Bostan, Thiladelphla, Baltimore, Washingtop, 8, Loule, and Clncinnati, fn proportion to o;. atation, are much larger than that of Chiesy i ‘The financtal difMienlty of Chicago hay m.t,“' from a ¢lanse In the Btata Contitution nmh'; fling the incurring of any municlpal tndcm;g. ness ih excess of 5 per cent of the n8eessed valgy of property in the mimicipality, While 1agg prosision hias been a source of ereat troyte | the City Qovernment, 1t lins heen o :nnm:: protection to the preaent Lioklers of elty bons, ‘There hins not for many veara heen a time fo h, history of the city when, If this provisio e removed, it conld not setl .at par all the 8 per cant bonds it chose to dispose of, o —— Bishop Coxm, of Western New York, hag written n very atrong letter to the Now York Tribune profesthig againet the proposed changy in the Constitution of the Amerlean Bitle & clety with o view to vermitting it to elrpulaty the revised Bible now toon to he published, Ty very Reverend Blahap maintaine that the ohjee. tions to the Bible Societs in it carly histors, oa the ground that the handmatd might becoms the mlstress, swero only allenced at the time by arefererico to this constitutional provisian, nl eolemn promiaes that It would be scruputony observed. Further thau this the Dishop iy not. It fs with him o mere question of siipay. tion. Hut we should liko to know whetherby corslders It to be the dutyof the Bible Socy to promulgate error when it knows what {1l about, nnd whether, fn his opfaton, “the very Interpolntions in the present version of the Bitla are sacred.”” —— The New Yorle 7ribune, which took a very High tone about the function of jonrnatism snl the duotv of suffering misreprerentation fn sllence, when it was acettséd of being Mr, iy Qourp's organ, has now changed lts methods, It calls the World * the Nincompoop Editorat Pap Butea.” We understand this fres uss.of words on the part of the Tribiue to bs due fo the fact that Mr. WiiTELAW REiD haslaely been emancipated from the control of Jir Gout.p, and is no longer afrald of recrimination oramuss. It Is not atated definitely who ke new owners of the Tribineare, but It Iyl that Mr. RE1D'8 friends have nooled 1helr fesaes and lent bim n large sum, which helsto sy off In installments, with Interest, at hls conreo- fence. Mennwhile, the payment of dividesls on the Tribuns atock will not, ftIs thought,by resumed, i A paropraph In Tnr Trinunz's Mitwagkes news letter stated that it was rumored that Ir. MAOANN, the principal proprietor of the Daf'y Newety *intended to rid himeelf of another partner—3Mr, T. C, KEere—aton early dap* Wo arc nssured on the highest nuthority ther Is no foundatfon for this rumor, ssno meh ‘purposd oXists; that Mr. KErre's serrices are desired and noprecinted, and his relatlons to the ofMco permanent. It (s nlso flatly depiel that “* Mr, CHITTENDEN has mado arrangemeats to bring suit szainst Dr, MAoAnx to compel Jim to render n account of the financial cose ditlon of the News," or for any oher purfosty and that all such stories are utterly baseless. ————— Bome of the newspavers in thin tata thst bt terly opposcd the re-olection of (ien, OaLe:t, and did wot conalder him a proper person toxt main in the Senate, are now pronosing bis nsa for Viee-Prosldent on the Republican ticket fa 1880, It Is alittle difficult to understand th process of thelr ratiocination, If tien, Oatesat possesscs the tatents and quallfications tomake himafitand proper candlilate for Vice-Prei dent, where he would preside over all the e ators and hold the sccaid oftice fu thezift the people, with the firat in contingeucy, W7 was ho not a it mau to remain in the Senatet The timbor that is good enongh for \’lrc-?u;" deut and prestding offlecr of the Senate outté to bo sultable for n Scnutorshin, . —ee—— Another cage of plagiarlsm more eerfous 3 that of MATHEWS aud VENADLE has beendie covered, Both Guonge E. Winre and Buv:n: J. T1r.oBx elalm the phrase, * Reforn I8 m«ll sary '3 und nobody can tell which is the orlgton! reformer. ——— By the uso of thirteen clpllur-kuymndun;l:t young man from St, Loufs, 5 _sentonce 10 "l Baturday®s Tuisunm about *The Hfenstured Bwiprs time ** hus heen translated, sud readst “Tho Mtcrature of Swiet's time.” b —— = Mr, VANDERBILT'S new collectionof v:(gllv‘;t cuntatns # Nicon's very strong pletury *F ."r; tho Ment,’?* but it does not contain re\'frf*“ iy stronie victures wo have seon about Py he Taxes" ) Tha commerce in rats, unil ¢ats, and {’“Vl"z: dog tails wil} be broken up when the lenumr migration il goes uto eifect; but 10 0 commerce will bo hurt by It — — y The filppant. jests now current fv nm[rz;‘ papers about JoiN do nat refor to the estit? 4 Bonator-olect from Himols, but to e ¥ Chinpman, - s ——— i by The advocates of th Hrazillan qulu.d;fl:" will to 4 tman oppose the extravarance (“l{ofl- tug reliof to the widow of Baraup T4 ; e Whilea singlo voteran of tho hmfin": war remsins, the survivors of Clicrubus not wail alone for pensiuns, et 41 oy e Good-by, Jonun; don't stay lnuz‘hcr& e a— PERSONALS. It apponrs {hat the Ousfda Comm® mfl‘;:'::: Bogardus, wa beliove, fs the simero! (h:l}i":'l::‘lislm:)‘:lli«loullx o great dosl of Jobs nuk:‘);:‘l‘:hl n{?l’::‘:fi:l:;m that tho Eogl® thab b0 oty can't Capo Town the nagurs. Mr, ildon should bo convinced people can nevor condone a fraud. v oo Ahl. What it ‘¢ Blackstoue l‘r-“’ dark horao In the finpendlng rmuk,uul:l o Au eychanga soys that Mr Til v:' e golog man. We think not. llele the e Wilbeln], we loara, wns mbbe‘.‘d e a4’ Macon, Gs, Not of bl culodral trust, jthfo Novw York Stato bos Uis AULY 5500 Barah 1, Wheeler, of Groonfeld. m,caunulfl matden, and bas beon scuteuced 0