Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 30, 1879, Page 17

. THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: An Interesting Letter from Prof. Silliman. ne;nlll of the Fxperiments Made by Pref, Collier, of {he Agricultural Barean. NEw Yorg, Jan. 24—70 the Editorof The Worid: It is n pleasure {o Le able to speak with unquallfied comniendation of the work done during the past year at the chemical labor- atory of the Agricuftural Department of the United 8tates, under the direction and chiefly by the hamis of Dr. Peter Colller, the chemist who took charge of the laboratory about a year siuce. Prof. Collier has been fortunate in select- 1ing for his first object of reseaich sv hnportant u subject na the supply of suzar from sources Titherto neglected or displeed, and the results obtained are of expeeted fmoortance. Th nual report of the Commissioner of Agricul- ture to the Prealtent, dated in November last, Tias Just reaclied us, nud owes ie Interest largely ta the very important amd able researches of the chemlst upon 1 nroduction of CRYSTALLIZED CANR SUGAR of excellent quulity from (he stalks of the com- mon maize and of a new variety uf sorghum, catled the “ Miuneeota early amber” Prof, Collfer some weekia since sent us samiplies of the crystallized sugars of the first grafning from 1hose two sources. That from the sorghum is a begutiful, very light-colored sugar of large prain, amt frec from any uvplessant flavor. That from the malze stalks is of a higher color nud kus o favor of the molosees which colors ft, But It {a quite as well erystallized as the other, and both are eotlrely cane suzar, or saceharose, and not grape suear or glucose, Prof. Colller, fu a private communleation, informs us that In no zase did he fail to obtain from the julce of coru-stalks last summer wellcrystallized sugar. These results are new, and are of such promise for the future of American sericalture s to jus. ity a conclse statement of the facts recorded by Prof. Collicr In bis letter to the Commissloner of Agrieuiture, who, fu his report tu the Uresi- dent, EMPIIASIZES THRIR 1MPORTANCE 1o the most decided anner. The miserable narrow and fll-equipoed labor. atory of the Agrienltural Deportment at Wash- ineton was quite destitute of the needful ap- polntments for experiments of such magnitude und importance us thore which Prof. Coilier conducted thers last summer, But he was able 1u extemporize the evapurating vessels, une of copprer and one of galvanized frun, fuwhich to treat the julve expfessed by an okl sorghum 1ill, 80 worn ont. and dilapidated as to be quite nofit to give aatlafuctory results. In these open versels with naked fice the julee was treated and the rcsults to be presently mentloned oltalued. the waize employed was the com- mon flel? corn, sald to haveé beena crop be- tween a yellow and white variety, the cars fine, Whica it been plucked and sold in the Wash- ington arket some three weeks befora the &tulks were used by Prof, Collier for the mok- ing of sugar. Both corn and sorghum were o n condition ol vigurous green growth when cut. The sced of the rurghtion was mature enough to shell out when bantled. Mr, Commissioner Le Due mentions 1he difilenity experienced In Andiog auv farmer near Washiugton who was willlniz to undertake the planting wud culture of tlie Minncsota early aober s gnum, snd the result was that the tlants at fength obtained were very fnperfeetly cultivated. and had not. developed half thelr prover efre. With full-rrown sorghum the Pproduct of sugar wonld no donbt ve greatly fu- creased, TR PROCESS MADE USH OF o these expe ta was in fts essentinl fea- 1ures the one reeently patented by Mr. Fo L. Stewart, of Peunayivanine By this process the expused julee 18 heated to 82 deg, C. (183 deg. l-'n‘m:uhull) when creat of lime s ndaed with stirring uutlt a slight alkaline reaction is shown by the test vaper, The beat fs then rulsed 1o e boillpe polbt. the flre s drawn as soon ns active bolling suts in, and the thick seum s then removed from (he' sur- face, Aftera few sinutes the clear lquid is slptoned off, keaving o mudily sediment—ahout one-tenth—to be ltered throueh o bag-filter, und the produet added to e previous decanta- tlon, Thi% clear julce, whicli is not permitted 10 full below 150 dewreca Fulirenlielt, s dellver- ed to 1he evaporating puns nnd there treated while stiveing with o watery solution of suipbur- oun ucld to neutralizo the ilme, as shown by the reddenlue of ltmus paper, ‘Fhe julee Is “then retueed nd eapldly as pussible by evaporation at 235 deprrees Fahirénhelt ur thereabouts TO A SIRUP. The rude apparatus at command did not permit thie evaparation ut 25 Fabrenbeit, for danger of gcorching the product through a bigher temper- nture wus to be preferred if the heat could be controlled. Owing alsoto the fact that cach successive lot of stalks was u new experlineot, Prof. Collier could notwalt for the complete fitration of the sedhment from 1he defecator, and henee there was a considerable lors of product a8 compared 1o a contintoua process on helarge senle as §t would be practically conduvt cd. The slrups thus ubtained proeseded quickly to crystallize In tubs, Intowhich it wasdrawn be- fore " second evavorating pan, which waa in- tended for u jurther concentration of the sirup, could be constructed; wid they were therefore nllowed to o un as they were and the sugar was obtained by pressing out the molusses by means of an_ordinary v-press, uslng o cominon ruin-bog to contaln the mash of wolass Bugar. ‘The suzar thue ol fmproved fn appearance by simply working out the ndhiering molasses in about 5 to 10 per cent of water and predsing a second time, TUM SUGAR THUS OUTAINED ‘was [n the case of sorghum uearly white, while fu case of maize stalks it was a rich golden yel- low. Prof. Collies say 1 may add thut In no cnse, elther with corn or sorghum, did 1 fu'l to abtain satlsfactory re- sults lu (e wu{ of cryatallization, alibougb, of course, the molasscs contafns a very large per- ceatage of crvsialllzable sugar, which will at st it grent part be obtained by furtl contration, o o o Vhe point which 1) periments have fully settied ls, thut there vxista nodiflculty in making from either corn or sor- o first-rate quullty of sugar which will compare favorably with the best product from sugar-cane §n the most favorable locaiition,” The experbnenta here given clearly fudicate 1hat sugar wav be thus muade at u profit, and It 18 desirable that nothing Le sp: in coutinu- an fuvestigution giving such fair prowise of Let Coneress, withont delay, sppro- priate the very inoderate sum which will suttice 1o wrect n‘)muerly equipped experimental labors utory, und authorize 1he ciuployinent o asulta- Ule corps of assistunts to old Prot. Collier {n conducting these nud other investigations of nutiunnl {mportunce, Fortunately, rrof. Col- Uer has fully met the essential conditions of qualitative sccuracy [t conduct of thy periments, for wilch hls thorough scle tratniue has so well fitted hitm, und bere we sp- pend his data lu tobular form “ Laquin, roN @Ry Septa aoy) padito) | oy pac * oy me wvd fo spunvg| 0; A% 40 TUAIONZAXVK EHL K1 GINIRIUTAXA 4O $1T264 Ny avs Uy WM Jouos a0y 001 663 o i ST IROT "ITL ST 4RO IRL " opow dnaw jo rpunog P dndis fo jusd dog s FROY. COLLIER ADD: * 1 omit mention of seven expedinents with crmparatively smal) quunufle-‘f{ corn-sualks sid sorlino, onlv saylve that the results ob- tained were such us to Lully warrsnt the more extended experlioents herg reeorded, snd it 1 unlortunate that the vatue of these experiments 23 vitated somcwhiat by the impertect spparatus «wployed, av ulso Ly the joferior imaterlsl, which, bowerer, was all that way obtaluable la “RaNDLOs ANV ZZIVK MOUL Y. =USEER | WEDNESDAY JANUARY 29, 1879—TWLELV PAGES. this sicinits, Tt s greatly to be désired that. anotker senson may Gnd the Department amply equinped with «ll necessary means to earry {:u o, impurtant guestions to 8 comolete solu- on. Tic finds thero was no_advantage in stripping off the leaves and tops of the stalke, hut that there was actually an increased amount tuth of Julce and sirup When the whole growth was venshed and pressed s nor was there any appre- clable difference in the readiness of the sirup to crystallize, nor in the character of the sugar finally obtained, Important obseivations were als0 made upon the distribution of enzar in the butts mid tops of the same stalke, the bults of both corn and, sorghim riving mare juice and of higher value than that from the tops, the Jjulce from the butts also granulatiog to sugar ‘more readily than the top julve. 1t i3 niso evident from Inter experimenta de-, talled in the report that with a better mill A VERY IMPORTANT INCREASE of Julce nnd sugar was obtained, giving 0s 100to 135 for the percentage of julee and speciiic prav- ity aul as 100 to 150 for the relative percentages ot slrup, nnl Prof, Colller concludes that with'a #ood mitl from 50 to 75 per cent better results may be obtained than those be ot in the ex- perhinents detatied above, Nlan{ other equally Iportsut points remain to be Investizated, as 1he hest time 1o cut the stalks for the maximuin product of sugar and the character of the plants a3 respeets culture, sofl, fertilizers, nml vanoty of grain, - Other revd-fike plunts or grapes cone taining sugar aiso requite to be investigated. Some Intoresting expernncuts are recorded in anlllet, frum which exceltent sugar wis obtained. That 1he sugara obtained by Mr. Colller were really as good as the heat raw cane sugars (o the market {8 evident from the fact thut the waize surar polarizes W dewrens, sorghum sugar 91 degrees, millot sugar 92 decrees, ‘The experiments Nos. 2, 6, nud 10 tn the abuve table afford the FOLLOWINU SURTRISING RESULTS, ViZ. ¢ Expertment No, 10 with sorizhum slrup siel cd 31.6 per cent of wugar polarizing 94 deg. 65.4 per cent. of sirup polarizing 43 dec, i Ex- perient No. 2 with malze sirup sleided 32 per cent ul sugar nullflz!uzmdcgi: a0 68 per cent of sirup polariziug 36 des, Experinient Nv. 6 with sorghum sirup glelded 318 per cent of sugar polarizing U1 deg, and G8.7 per cent of nuznr;] ing 43 deg. Mr. Cullier conclules, from the result of an experfment on & small quantity of stalke of malze coulucted in a way less thorough than would be reached by prac- tive on the Inrge scale, thata toti of raw salks suchashe worked on would huve ylelded of suzor 30.03 pounds and of molasses 1987 posnds, Thereis no doubt in Mr. Collier's judemnent 1liat & more thorough removal of the fulve from the atalks would nearly if not quite have doubled the nbove ylewd, The experiment is valuable s showinz” the facility with which a very large percentage of crystallizable sugar may be vbtaiued from the sirup, amounting fo this caso 1o what would be consldered as wtexcellent re- sult even whon working with sugar cane, vi. ulmost two-thirds-ol the cotire weight of slrup obtalned ns erystallized sugar in the tirst crop of erystala obtained from the sirup, ‘The above experiments, although confessedly far from being complete, have at least estab- lished the fact that there 18 NO TROUDLE IN MAKING SUGAR FROM CORN AND RURGIUM; and they have this merit also, that everythlug hos becn dune quantitatively, so that euch may see for kimself where there sroom for improve- ment and can culeulute with some degree of ue- curaey the probnble yleld per ucre of thess crops in sugar nnd the cost of manufacture. it Is probably quite sale to say that with things con- ducted on a qomninercial ‘scale and with auitabla vacuum pans und centrifugal machines, not Jess than 100 pounds of sugar “und sirup cun be ob- tamed from cach ton of etalks of corn or sor- ghum treated for sugar, or b per cent of the Kreen weight. Now, let us have the requisite means and laboratory facilitiva placed tmmediately at the commnand of an luvestirator who haas so clearly demonstrated s abiifty to handle u wreat prad- tival problem of natfonal importance and with a |)uulblu Tuture far exceeding any expectations ikely at present to be admitted “as to its pro- vortiuns, It 18 only just to say that besides these suar researchies the chemist of the Auri- cultural Department has accompiished withio the year alarge amount of other chemical work, of which the Commissioner grives n list, and the details of which will appenr In the current vol- ume of the records of the Depurtment svon due. We have space only to add AB RESPECTS TEA that over 60,000 tea plants have been lately dis- tributed in the Middle and Southcrs States, But 1t will be thresor four years before these tea Plnllll have attatned a size to permit s full plek. iz of the leaves, Meantime, from leaves ralsed in the grounds of the Department und (n the Crrollnas and_Georla, experiinents have been wnade iu the lnboratory after the Japan methods, and with such success [n somc of the vamples as to obtain the warm commendation of dealers and experts, who declared the tea made to bo ‘texcellent Oolong, as good as could be bought anywhere,” The Commissiouer risks the stato- ment thst when the tine comes our people will produce inechanical inventious by which the prepuration of the leaves will Le conducted cheaver nud better than the dexeerity uud clieap slabor of Asia now do It, aud thut” meanwhile neafly every fanly fn the Middle and Southern States may grow their own tes nnd better tea than they at present buy in the wrencral market, At they o nothing moré. 8o may It be. But we shull orobably bave more suwar from malze and sorghum than will be required for a pood trhile to sweeten our own domestle irreen tea, B. Str.LiMAN, e — THE ONEIDA COMMUNITY, To the L:ditor of The Tribuns. Cuicano, Jau, 23.—A well-written articlo in Tux Tainunz of Sunday hus given the pub- le an fusight into the atluirs of the Oneida Community, It was the fortune of the wrlter hereof to have been reared oo u farm adjoluing the lands of the Commuuity, und from about 1845 to 1855 I was pretty fomilar with the institution, ‘Ttie lirac lot of ploueers were apretty measely kind of peuple; broken down chaps srith queer nutiovs, atd but few worldly goods. For many years alter the colony #as plaoted it was o by-word in the neighborhood. ‘Ihe land originully purchesed was a part of the uld Ouclda tudlnn reservatfon. These Iudlons werg removed to Green May in 1839, and the land which had been occupted by them was put apon the warket, the Community haviog pur- chased it from (he first purchasers, Tiw Com- mupity met with indifferent success for many {uu' il was exceedingly unpopular, becatisa it was sapposed thut not all of 1he Teu Conie mandments were observed. Frequently com- plainta were made hefote the Urand Jury ln Uuelds County, und scveral timea the leaders were indleted, Thero was a general feeling tist the fustitutiou was a nuivance und ouiht to bu exterminated. 1 mm not aware thut any one was ever convicted, It prospered bevause iwany p:nPlu Joined It, bringlue _with thew and du- vositiug in the general coffer considerable sums of munvy. The lam! purchinscd was cheup, dnd, although lo the midet of av old-suttled county, 1t was u-ucuf‘l‘y worth $25 per acre, ‘The prejudice ugalnst the Community began to wear away o obedlence to thit luw of huwan uature which prompts men to Jike whatever eu- bances thelr welfore, The {mprovement of & larue tract of land naturally enbanced the value of adjucent furms, . The "Community peoule were cusli customers, und w0 becamy popular with tradesmen, und the, Institution became i tlme to be looked upon 83 sdvautageous as a cottun mill, When it bad favors to dispense, It always be- {u a eash customer, the horror was dissipated, wnd to-day it ts ublo to buy ite wav L0 peuce us eaxily us & railroad company. % And great good cometh 10 the neighbortood.” In s murd polnt of view it I8 u diecrace to the Btateof New York, but thisleatl cured by un ineowo of several humdreds of thuusauds of dollurs, which cluses the muuths of muuy, * Would & man spite bis own nose ‘The present steel-trap wanufactured and sold i sucl vast quantitive by Community was trat mude by one Sewell, Newlouse, at Oneidia Custle, In about 1810, In'u hittle shop near (b Ouciva Ureek. 1y principsl customers were the Oueids [udlans, who used thews for trapplog miok und nuskrats. The price at that thme was 18 pence forutrap, The wap bus been much improved upon, f #-u}utuin- Nzwhfiuu tgolls up Lis traps und olucd the Comumuuity, and has' sluce becoma Gue of the * Mediclue Meu.? NuUe of t!lw tirsy nlku:»k:l uu; lmught in the ewhouse trap was luviwd to balt furuthed ik subacriber, il Adjoinivr the Communlty farm s the farm on which lived and gled old Chicf Skensndoy, ot the Ouelds tribe, wiemorable for his kst speech at the council-lire of his peovle. Ho IO am an aged hemlock,” ‘Yhe windaof su hundred winters buve whistled through wy branches, und | am dead at the top." ‘The article of Bunday gave us rather s rose- colored picture of e Suelda Commuoity, und whlle b 4 business polut of view ity presence way be pu advantage to the nelghborhood, from 8 moralstandpolot it (s quite olhcrwise, Their doctrines und practices cun. wcarcely be esid to elevate soclety, “The withdruwtng of sny con- slderable nuwbor of persvus from soclety, thwre- by wvoiding its burdens uud respousibliities, is not conducive tu the good of the State, more cavectally whenunder the cloak of & rehzlous belief they do those things which would not be toleruted wimons decent peopte, Such palpable violativus of the Liwe of God and wak wo jus- tilal only by the old maxim th Inney makes the mare go." Mormonism Is_no worte, #avo perhans that the Mormous hive been guilty of murder to perpetunte thelr poswer. Noves I8 undoubtediy an able man, He is n fine clnasienl &-holar, a puneent writer, and close rensoner. His demise will not in all probabilits result in the immediata dispersion of the Coinmunity. Other men will take his place, capable of con- manding, and the Institution 18 now o thor- oughly cstablished as a succeseful tinanctal enterpriee that it will run on for a long time to vome. A quarrel about the uruycn will souner orlater unset it but the people of Onela and vieinity will never disturh 1t &0 loug a8 it con- tinues to bring money (rom abroad, no matter how much the rules of decency are violated, so that the public peace Is not aisturbed. ONEIDA, VOICE OF THE PEOPLE. A Questlan for Chlcagn Commission Mer- chanta, Tothe Editor al The Tridune. Crirron, 1, Jau, 28.—~Will you plcase In- forin a down-trodden and oppressed Granger why n compact was eutered Into Incrensing the commission on (he sale of corn one-half cent per bushell It is hard enough to Le compelled to submit to the extortion. An explanation would nut be amiss, would it? R A Giroa Extortion. To the Edllor of The Tridune. Cragroy, Itl,, Jan. 20,—The rate of com- mission on thie sale of corn In Chicazon s one cent per bushel, und at this time, when the farmers of the West are struggling #o hard to pay thelr debta und interest on mottgages at the present low prices, the demand of an exira ball'cent Is a gross estortton, nnd & diszrace to Chicago, Could the matter bo lelalated upon, or tnust we stand it} R Entightenment Wanted, T the Lditor ar The Tribune. Ciicaqo, Jan. 2i.—Some tme since the pa-: pers stated that a bullding was to be erected on Tweuty-second street for the use of youny mien, who will then have such a place for their even- Ing atusement as to keep thewm from spending their evenings on the streels or i raloons, As many of iny acqualntances are auxlously walthg to liear sowething further about thls matter, will you, Mr, Editor, or somebody who knows, enlighten ny, nnd varticularly oblice o youn mau wto duesu’t kuow how,and where to spend his evemnysl oW, Ono Biliton, Ta the Editor of The Tridune, Cricaqo, Jan. 23.—Will you be kind cnouch to give us your views on the followlng question, which has been lett to your decision, viz.: Place down In fizures what constitutesa billion, Plenso reply through your columns und oblize yours truly, Jons I'nouprso: [Yhe Amerleans follow the French fdea of bill- foity, vlz.: 1,000 miliions, fyuren it §s thus represented: 1,000,000,000. ‘The amount §s about cqual to half the Nutional debt of this country lln d]:lhfi, whiclz (s now a little over two bill- ous, Tha Solntlon. To the Liiter of The Tribune. Cnicago, Jun, 23.—Referring to example given by Mr. 4. K. R., In your {ssue of to-day, would say that it 18 8» very shinple that almnat any scholar attending the public schools could dolt ayearbefore entering the High School. "Fhe example ahows that the balance on haud—81,810 ~Is one-fourth of the saiary of oneand one- third of the salary of the other. Now, multiply- ing by 4 pives 85,240,—th2 whole salary of one atd Tour-thire the malary of the ouier, The total salary of both s $4,{00: thereforo the dif- ferenco between 5,210 und 4,400 muse be one- third of the salary of the second, or 3340,—three thirds would be the whole ialary, or $20620,~ leaving the balance, or $1,5:0, as the salary of the first. Yours, CV. The Little Big Iern, To the Editar of The Tribune. GriNxeLt, Ia,; Jan, 27,—1 bave watched with much {nterest your report of proceedings of the Court of Inquiry relating to the conduct of Maj. Keno at the battle of the Little Bl Horn, I have ulways been In mystery 28 ta tie motive ot Gen, Custer lu sending Benteen southiwest (us the map fu your lasue of the 14th jodicates) on, apparently, “a wild goose chage.” Ieun uuder- staud what becodeavored to accomplish by sendine Reno at th In tront, while by (Cus- ter) with part of the commuand went arovind to the rear; but cun you enlightcn mess to the probable niotive of Custer lu sending Banteen witha force of 150 wew off to the soutliwest woen they were so much nceded in frout,—n fuct that Custer must Lave well Kuowsn iroin reports of the scouts! Evidently ** some_ove bud bluudered.” * Ww. Of Interest to Dealers lu I'erfumery Every- where, To the Editor of The Tribune, Ciicaco, Jan, 23.~Notlee has served fromu the United States Collector's oflice in this dls- trict to many retall drugeists of the elty, to the offeet that all “stock ' bottles contalning colognes, tooth-powder, sachet powder, or other cosmetics must Lie stamped up to the full rotail valuc of the contents, In addition to this, wo nave been ordored to stamnp all smaller bottles thut mav be filled from these stamped puckaizes. This construction of the law compelled the dealer to pay 8 double revenus tux upon such goods, aud Was so obvlously unlalr that wo no- caied to the Commbisiotier at Washington, 1is reply Is given Delow, and 1t will be scen that the olllcers of this district have been acting under sn eyldent wisapprelension of orders, Huek & Ravnen, TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Orrick NTENUNAL ReveNve, WaABINGTON, Jan. 24,—Mesars, Huck & fiaynor, Chlcago—tiexTiguxn: In reply to {uguiries in your letter of the 16th inst,, yi Intormed that 1 ait-mouths ” und ather niture " butties xtured vn the uhelves of & drug. sture—~do not roquire sLaaips Wi lled with per- fumery of tuath-powders, Lelug huver sold nor of~ fered fur sule, “The bottles and packages tlled therefrom for anle require writable iuternal revenue stamps, (ieneral propeietary stanns st ba canceled by writig or luvrinting the date und frn nawe, Th'{ uewd not be placed over the corke, Youta reapectfully, Unkes IS, Kaom, Adam Pluckmer & Lyon, To the Editor of The Tribune, Cricaao, Jan. 23, —Will you be kind enough to utlow mespace In your paper tocurrecta wtatement in your fssue of this morning thut Is liableto do me very considerable :harm! In mskiog uote of the HSounclal embarresswent ot the so-called Adama, Bluckwer & Lyon Publish- ing Cowmpsny, my pame Is used ira way nut warrunted by the facts fu the case. 1am uot now, nor have 1 been siove the yeur 1871, In uny way whatever counccled with that tirm, uor am I iu any way fnvolved ln thetr present coudition, belng engaved eutirely in my own private busl- ness, uud at another place, although of u shmi- L racter, Yeuars ago,onticipating the present conditlon of aflairs, 1 ‘withdrew from the wbove-menifoned Grw, und hayy Huos thwe to tioe wost carlcet- 1y vequested Mr, Blackweny the only sueviviog purtuer, to retove my uawe from the sign, ctreulurs, sud other printed matter of the con- ceruy but which hu bxa shvays sefused to do, Loptug to receive benetit from my vawe so lung and, § thiuk, favorably kuows (u _convection with the publishing buslocss. Lut 1 uuw pro- test belng assuclated with thelr uun 1rou- bles, uud hupe 1hie public wiit distinguish be- tween the nn of Oliver Adains & Co. snd that kiuwn as % Adaws, Blackwer, & Lyou Pube lishine Cumpany,™ with which, us tefore stated, 1 bave no sort of eounevtivn, ~ Reepectiully, OLIvER Abaus, UL Ulurk street, The Wowman Question, Tu the Lditor of The Drlbuns. Cnicago, Jun, ~[ seud you two ftems upon tue “woman question” which will, 1 thluk, interest wore thau vue of your readers. ‘The tirst (s the action of the Corporation of Bostou University; the second, ous of the reso- lutions presented by Mrs. Naru A, Spencer at the Suffrage Couveutivn lately held in Wash- ivgton. Yours, Kare N. Dogart, At the Jast annual meeting of the Board of Trustees ot Buston University the eutire class whose term of service hud “expired were ro- ted. Four new Trustees were chosen,— itlai O. Uroyer, Lm1 M. Augustus Hew- enway, Mk Mary B. Clatlln, sod (ke Hon, Ed- ward'tl. Dunu. Uniil this wmectiog no wowan had yet been Ehuv:nl in noauusativa for membersbip fu the vrooratics, though from the begluulug the bLy-laws of the body had been deliberutoly slifped 50 as to securo the eligibility of women, 1t 1 a gratifyiog fuct, sud vue worthy of record, it {u Uhe fulleal meeting of the Corpocution ever bela fur ko election the two ditingutatied ladies who were thie first to b notulusred were huuored with aa clection sbsolutely unanimous, lu tis act, uoprecedented fo the bistory of European uulversities, the public will be yuick to diacover & Iresh wind unequivocsl tlustration Of Mo broad susgeuerous BLISL 1u WOICA the cen cd and administercd. — Woman's Journal, Jan. 18. Wienras, In Prisident Hayes lagt message he makes n troly paternal review of the inforeats of ttus Nepablic, both greatand amall, from the army, the mu'{. and_one foreign relations, 1o the fen Iittie Indiane of Hampton. Vi onr tinher o Western monniing. and the awitcheanf the Wi Ington ratlrouda; from the Tarin Kzpowition, the postal setvice, and the abnndant harveats, tn the nns-lbl! bulidazing of asnme colored mon in varions Houthern districts, ernelty to live animal crowded condition of the mummles. and flahms 1n the” Smitheantin Institutiony yet forgets ta mention 20,000.000 women citizens rohtea ef their soctal, civil, and political rights; therefore, fesotred, Tant a Committec of three heappointed from this Conventipn to wait npon the I'reaulent and remtnd him of the vxistence of one-hait of the American people, twhom he has acetdentally over- langed, and of wnon 1t woald be wiss for him to make Autae mention in his fature measages. Cure for Diphtheria. Ta the Editor af The Tribune. Cnicaco, Jan, 23.—Some vears ago [enw ft staled by o lady fn a paper 1hat a plaster of Spanish files, apolicd to the throat within ten or twelve hours afier the gorencss fn the samo has commenced, would draw the soreness to thie sur- face, snd cure the disense In its inciplency, T bud oceaston to test its eflicacy on mysclf. A sorencss began in my throat oue morning, and £o fnereased during the day that ot bed-thae heeame alarmed, fecling auite sure that if not removed soon dipbtherfa would result. 1 pro- eured the vlaster, bpplied it and allowed a tull blister to be drawn; then, dressing It with an oiled cloth, T left It 10 take care of ftaclf. ‘The nest morning the! foternal rorencsa was gone. “The blister healedii a few davs utid no sear was Teft. am ehtisfied that this remedy effects o rafe und absoluis enre i op- phied within ted or twelve hours after the foreness In the throat has begun., 1 iave recommended it to others, whu have ex- Jcrienced a siuilar reauit when the application has been made fu seasou, with flies of sufliclent freshness amdd strength. This remedy is in ac- cordagee with the plunlosophy of the case. All {nternal guryies fortbe throut can be productive of ouly very slow fmd uncertaln resultad and, o8 the diphtheria §s 8 very Iysidious disease olten, when ouly checked a° little n the throat i stealthily “creeps through the system, und thus bailles medical skill und’ proves Iatal. 1 confi- dently nnd earnestly recommend the trial of this remedy to all thosoywha are threatened with this slurming snd often futal discane, f Ueonue B, Monsn. Dr, Kilhourne and flalkie, To the Editor of The Tribune. Caicano, Jan. 27.—The foterview reported in the Sunday ZTimes with Dr. Kilbourne, of the Eigin Asylum, fn regard to the “Blakie case appears to mo to call for some comnment, The dismlssal of the young man from the Asyiom alter only two weeks’ obscrvation was, under the circumstances, suflicieotly romarkable, but the reasons, as given by the Superintendeat, are even more so, Blatkle was commltted to the Asylum on the fnding ot a Court, from ample testimony which couvinced the Jury und the ex- werts who guve thejr opinfou upon 1t,—not from personal observation of the vase,—of the fact of his Insanity. With these facts, | belfeve that there nre very few Asylum Superintendents who would feel ‘!Lmlflud In discliarging a man com- mitted es fusane while under u eriminal charge after so short o period of ol vution, That Dr. Kilbourne should feel it hls duty so to o unaccountable, us s nlso the fudication in ¢ report thut he makis the patlent’s denial of his mental unsoundness a test of Insanity. He liny had, to be aure, Ziwater opportunities for expe- rience than most phyatclans, but this is not on evideneo that he has linproved them, Dr. Kilbourne may be ncrlecll{ vorrect in his opinlon that Blaikle is sane, but he has given no adequate proofa of it, aml 1o has now put It out of his power to givany, 1f he had walted a nionth even hefore deckling, there oight bo still some queation ubout it, but the facts woitld look much better for him than they do at present. ‘The real question, bowever, Is this: Is n Superintendent of nji asvium to have this dis. eretfonury power, nud, If su, 18 it not givine him a dangerous liberty(, Here 18 a man, admittedly guilty of & erime, found fusane by a regular court ot Justice, and commlited to the Asylum aveprding to oll llu( forms of law. In the abort time of two weeks the Superintendont satlsties himself thut he is..not, and, It we correctly underatand Dr, Kilhourue's remarks as glven to the reporter,, has not been inaano, und, notwithstaudiog the fact thut only his presimed Insaniey, stamls in the wav of acriminal trial il counviction, he turns him Touse upon society ty uct ugon his own depraved Itmpulses. Was i his duty ns a gaod citizen to set bl fres whilo holding such ofxlnlanu s mental conditloy, no matter what his fegal priviieges may havo beend Iy he not cullty of alking Jusitce, und of wu actual, it not a tech- nical, contempt of court 1v so delng! His con- duct eertalnly seems sufliciently coutemptuous, 1T lie was corivinced that the court and jury had wade n wnlstake, was It his duty to get'the man free ju so short & {lme without consultation with the authoritiead und would {t not, to say the least, bave been more courtcous to have eiven [hem the beaefit of thie donbt, und kept bifm lonzer under observation 1t our State lawe sre such as to requird the unconditional dismissal, under such " circutn. stanced, of & cusu like Blalkie, then they need revision. A !’flmluund:nt whose faith’in lis own psychological “expertiiess {a such that he consldera bis two weeka' observation suflicient to nullify the findings of a Court, based upon the olwervations of nuujerous wituosaes extending wyer o much longer perlod, might pechaps think that. a stil aborter time would sutllce, i, Kif- bourne cannot fustify his comluct in this aajr tu meidical men, nor” can he, in @y opinion, do 80 hijore the public, to whom e 18 respousible us an olllcial, ML M. Baxxisten, M. D, A Ybysician Comes to Dr. D'Unger’'s De- fonse. To the Edilor of The Tribune, Ciricado, Jau, 23,~You will oblige sn un- blased physlclan by glving place in your columns ton few rewarks about & brother physiclan who Is the reviplent of some untrlendly critl- clwms trom snembers of the medical fraternity of thia dlty. Beale, the great English microscoplst, has wellsald that it too often happens that the very few who bavo devoted themselves to real medieal fuquiry have been unfairly treated, and by the very peruous who shouid aford them support, 3 Beale was correct, snd 1hat he was so ls pruven by the ogtrageous mauner fa which Dr. D'"Uuger buas been spoken of by some four or five out of the mora than 600 physiciavs now resldent in Chicago.» Bub the thue bas now urrived, Mr, Lditur, wheu thejincentive to this course 8 belng ‘Openly condemned, and in Chkeage ut. ‘$hut. Narrow, anclent prejudice hus long survived fts allotted term, wnd tutelllgent peoploe ure dolug thelr utmost to further thuse branches of luvestization which have already cxerted so gpeat an [nfluence upon the discovery of the wonderful chanyes which oceur In man's body tn health und dives; aid tierefore upon the Lrogress of medicine, ‘I'nis wuch by way of prefuce. 1 have been particularly amuscd of Iate at the patuable bivatry sud egutism displayed by some of the medwal wea fnserviewed” us o Dr. v d his cure lur drauken mensely 80 wherc one of e asserts that o duu’t recounize Dr. uger, Now, Mr, Editor, hiuw docs this assuming praciitioner of mediciue kunow whether De. 10'Unizer is at all auzious to ba recognized by peopde of bls flk{ 1 have my doubts whether 1'Unger would recoguiza blm. But no matter aboug ihat, 1 hyve couversed with all of Dr. 1)'Unger's medical deriders, and also with the Doctor bim- welly awd the couclusion 1 have areived at fs, thut e Jutter Is the only seientitic saolar of them all, be really scewlug 1o Kuow suncthiog ba- wuldes the fuct that calotel purges und opium ne waleep, klug with hlw I ascertained that be s well avquainted with all the known phssical Juws; thut he fully cpmprebends (iemical ae- tioy, atmospheric prespute; is *ua? ju the law of e correiation ol furve; has & true idea of nerve-powery ls thoroughly pusted oo friction, heat,electricity, mid light; understands th laws Of wagneism, coinprebends 1he connection be- tween inlod and body; s fully conversaut with unhinal mechanlsn, tne conservatiou and poteus tlality of furecs; has 6 cicar conception of psy- chology und dmpression,—tu truth, » fuir poly- techulc achiolar, besides Dossessiug @ yust fuud of generul knowledge, practical wud esseutial to Lealth wnl ife, 1u addition to ul) this, I have found bim quite a philusopber, thorourhly understatiing bow to enjoy life, catable, fu his conversation, of readi~ l{ sulftiug frow Wie hum-druw of office-talk to the placiludes of Horucs, uud Tliad und Udyssey of Hower, His onponeuts are tar from all this. Kuoowinz what I do of them, of Uieir educa- tlos und ability, 1 sy forced to acknowledgo st D'Unger oceupies tha bigher plave, Aud wiy, Mr, Editar, sll this effort to lojure Blaid I you caugot tell, perwlt me w0 du'so: It is because bis wouderiul wnd aluiost miracus lods work bers bus u:toulsbed these 0ld fugies; sbowa tbew that be 4 their superior, because they koow Le bas. hoked bis nawme gur ever wilh e greatest ot all medicluds,~ Cluchoua; becuie Liey kuow the encyclopedias, A dispensator!y nd medieal books to ba printed in the hereafter, amid read by the unborn thun- nandds, will contain kiz name, because, In a word, lie will, In thc years to come, have a fame as cternal oy the “everlasting hills,’—a fame that will surslve him for generations after ne has gone to the dust. ‘The calumoies heaped upon him will die like the foam on thesen, but his great discovery, that Cin- chona cures drunkenness,—the world’s curse,— will blazon In print in all languaiee, be uttered by college professors in all lands, ‘This s the real cange of the opposition te Dr. D'Unger. Let alice and_envy do their worst, he will come out trlumphant, ZB3CULAPIUB, Chitist's Parablen (n the Puablio Schaols. Cu1caco, Jan, 37.—The Jon. James P. Slade, Superintendent of Publie Instruction, Springfiecl, 1., and Other I'rominent Educators—My Drar Fniesps: Permit me to call your attention to 8 subject of vital importance to the rising gen- cration of our country, that has suggested taelt to me, namely: the introduction of Christ's parables! and various utterances as & part of the regular cducation of all scholars in our public schools, These ctear and logleal (lustrations and teachings to betaught wituout note or com- ment as a superior quality of mental training, Thus the Chiness lave committed to memory the writings of Coufuctus and the early Ureek and Roman students, the great thinkers of ancient tiines, That Christ was possessed of & pure und superlor character all will admit, and thera can be no doubt thut His completustmiles, nore powerful, exact, mul perfect than Homer's or Virgll's, or those of any ancient or modern writer, will give clearnuss und strength to the miny und fnvigorate the understanding as well as keep it froin prompting wronse actons, ‘They will give a foundation to the in%ellect no other learning van supply. If Cleero, Euclld, nud writers on saental wiid moral phitosophy, or polltical ecouomy, or astronomy, ete., are taught in our schools, collcges, wnd universi- ttes, why shonld not Chriat also be Introduced a8 an fustructor] What fs more illustrative than Ilis varable of the sower, (e rrml al, the ten virging, the lost sheep, the hidden treasure, the goudly vearl, und tho nett What is more beautiful than the heatitudes and rules of con- dluet glven for man {n his relation to his fellow- man o the fltth chapter of Matthew! As the Difne forth in the leavens unaffected by nge on this earth, o the imperlshable and clevated thoughts of Christ shino forth in all thelr elearpess unchanged above the turmoil of human aflalrs, bidding us to look uu to a hizher und broader life thao tnls world afford; ‘Ilicy ara the purcst gold und most precious wems of the literature that has come down to us from the past, and why should they be dis. carded by scnd seeking to cducate the rising geuerntion arigut, while liomer, /Esop, nud other writers of UGrceve und Rome ura per- mitted to be taughtl . It Christ’s words were taught to all scholars ‘a8 part of thelr general educution, they would Le more independent thiviers und feas'apt to be led Into crror by fanatical and over-zeatous preachers in after years, ‘Ihey would have some systematic und complete basls to stand wpon, for Christ neverconiradicts Himself in uil His teachiugs, und it would prevent the continued wrowth of the Influlte varisty of con- fiicting accts und the existencs of such wild coust-wreckers as Col. Ingersoll, I have six children of my own, four of whom are larze enough to bo Instructed in the elementary brauches, and these I am systematically drilling in all Christ's parables and sayings, wiiich they rapldly learn, understand, and appreciate, but they do uot ever have the Bible read to them Ia the publle scuool of Hyde Pari. It Chirist had been born In Rome or (Greece In thelr early history, iustead of Judea, sio would have been honored while alive ot least as wooderful orator, schiolar, aud teacher by all Ilts contemporaries, und his sayines handed down_to us with those of the lamous Ureck und Roman writers, und Introduced without objection futo all tnstitutions of learning i all azes, As u teacher of pure morality, of the line miortality of the soul, of mun’s duty to wan, and of wian's obligativn to (lod, and his dc&aml ence on God, and as an expounder ot God! laws, and cven the most common luws of nat- ural life, every ono is forced to admit that He I3 uusurpassed, “Why, ‘then, banlsh Him from s of ‘learnlbg und assign Iim to the hadowa of, cathedrals, churches, mou- asteries, couvents, and contine Iiis teachings to Sunday-schools pud the home clrcle? Hopingto hear from you upon this subject at your carllest conyenleuce, Iain your obedient servant, v B. A, Urnicu. Tho Cheyenne Masarre. ‘I'a the Eilitar of The Tribune. Osceota, Jan, 27,—Is it possible that Tne TrisuNg is to have vo word of rebuke for the barbarous treattiicut und final mossacre of the Choyennes who had been captured by our soldiers fu thelr race for lberty | ‘The first telegraphic detalls of that ghastly liorror wero 0 Inéredible that T did not wonder ot you restrained expression of oplnlon till you bad the facts mors fully by mail, But now that ali {s confirmed, where Is the volce of your Journal, ususlly so clear utd prowmpt indenuncia- tlon of publlc wrong? Is 1t possible that personal frlendshlp and soclAl sympathies with any of tho army officers implicated stiflo the utterance of sopromineut a newspaperi. To what other reason to sttribute such allenco I am wholly at & losa. Why, we need no longer hold up to the horrl- fled gaze of civilizatlon the saveze customs of he [udiaus lu torturing and massacreing thels captives sinco we have shown that our owa warrlors nro vapable of dolng the same. Whrt excuse, what pretext, can our urmy of- ficers offer for enteriog upon the business of re- ducing lllelrurt(ven to_obediency und return to their prison lunds by freezing aud sturvation{ this mighty nation becowe so sbject that {t must resort to such neans to enforce its onders, however unwise and uujust such orders nnR' be ! ut bow little these ofiicers understood the historieal fortitude of the Indlan race. Btarva- tlon and cold, which beld the mercury frozen, ailed to reduce the stubborn determination ol thesared men not to return to Lhe rescrvas tlons where they bod been robbed of all rights, T'he Chiels wore then seized wnd put in trous. ‘The poor, starving, perlshing band, doubtlnss believing this pretiminary to putting all to death, tore thelr way through tho wiudows and out of the building whiere they wero coutined, dostroylng guurds and whosver stuod fu their wuy, nid out over the frozen prairle the un- armed, starviug, froat-bitten, frightenad crowd of men, women, and childres fled,—led towsrd their native wilderuess, Mounted cavalry, with death-dealiog carbines, followed, uot to liend tvess fugitives, surround, it ogain cavture them, but simply to bug close In their rear unul shoot 1he pour, Hylng, un- ormed wretches s they would wolyes, 'The rec ord Is too sickeniug to uwell upon, If we ure not to bave a specdy court-martial to investizate nud punlsh the perpetrators of this savage orgle, then let us tako' down the sheo we huog out of belug a civllized Natjon, 1, for one,—and [ wo ouly voe of maay thus exorcised {n wilnd,—want in know woat ‘I'iim Tninuns thinks of that mutter, sud (hen— wetl, then I will know what 1 think of Tirusxe, URCROLA, . [Yhesa Cheyenues, over whomn our correspond- ent shieds sb many teurs, in common with other wild Indlans, were placed upou a reservation Iu the Indlan Territory last fall to preveut them from longer continulog thelr Lloody work of Killing scttlers und destroving propertv. ‘Fhey wers allowed the same privilegus as the other Indians lo the Tervtory, aud Wers accorded lauds that were fertile und well watered, Sud- denly, without reason or provocaiion of any Kind, o part of them, malnty young men, broke away from Abeir reservatlon, und setoff 1n & northerly direction, und resumed thelr old oceu- pation of stealing and killing cattle, and mur- derlog men, women, and children, Fdra long time thoy cluded pursuit, and kept up thelr snurderous work, At last tiey came in upun & reservation {o Northern Nebraska, with thelr houds ved with the blood of innoceut men, wowmen, und children, They wers at ounce captured by our troops aud coufined ln the guard-louse—for wbut purposal Simply untll the Uovernmeut could met ready to take them back to thelr reservation. ‘Fhey became un- ruly and muilnous, uud threateued vengeance, sud were punished as any other prisoners in our Penitentlaries are puuished whien they refuse to obey the prison regulatfons. They then de- termined they would opt o back, and, takiog srws which they had concealed uuder the floor, shot down the guarls, jumped from the windows, and fled. The troaps. ss was thelr duty, pursued thera and called to thea to sur- render. Tley refused, and, turning woon the soldlers, fred futo them and Lilled several, tocludiog officers. Refnforcements came up, and ag cllort was made to capture thew, but they refused 1o be capturel Bupposs the troops thercupon bad quictly retursed home uud allowed hem to escape, who would bave been court-martialed then! ‘Iicre was uoresource left wheu they abeolutely refused 1o surrender but to attuck thew aud kil every tuau who would oot yield, Buppose s gsug ol prisoners with arms (n thelr hands shouid cape from the Jollst Penitentiary and defy the suthorities to ecspture them and shoot down their pursuers. Would the people hold the suthoritics free from blame it they turned back and allowed them to gol Would they not de- mand that the convicts shoutd be followed until they were captured and returned, or the last man of them was killed] Wo sce no differenca in the two cases, and it fs the only comment we have tomake unon the sentimental complaiat of our correspoudent.) —— GEN. GRANT'S SPEECH.- flis Memarks at the Dea Molnes, 1a., Role diers’ Iteanion, Bopt. 30, 1875—An Abso- lutely Accurate Report of the Sane. oectal Correspondence of The Tribuna. Cixcixnatt, 0., Jan. 27.—1 send you here- with an absolutely accurato copy of the speech dellvercd by Gen, Grant st the Boldiers’ Reunfon held tn Des Mofaes, In., Sept. 30, 1875, which resulted in the recent action of the Cork.City Councll refusing bim n publle receptfon, Iob- talned ft {rom Col. L. M. Dayton, of this eity, formerly Gen. Sherman's Cufef of 8taff, and who was Sceretary of the Des Molnes reunlon, Col. Dayton posscases the orlginal copy of the speech In Graot's handwritlog, It Ia as fol- lows: CoMRADES t It always affords me much gratification to meet mv old comrades [n arms of ten to fourtcen years ago, uic to live over again the trials unel hardslips of those days,— hardships Imposed for the preservation s per- petuation of vur free institutions. We believed then, and. Lelicys vow, that we had u Govern- neat worth flzhting and, If need be, dyiug for, Ilow many of our comrades uf those days paid the latter price for our oreserved Unfon, Let their herofam und sacrifices be ever green In our memory, Let not the results of their sucrifices be deatroyed. “‘Ihe Unlon und the free nstitu- tiuns for “which they fell; should ba held more dear fur their sacritices, We will not deny to ooy of those who fought us any privileges uider the Uovernment which we clalm for oursclves, On the coutrary, we welcowne oll such who cotne forward In gouid faith to help build up the wasto places, and to perpctiate our institutions aguinst all enemios us brothers {n fuil interest with us In a common herltage. But we are not prepared to spologize for the part we took fa the great struggle, Itis to be hoped that tike trials will never hefall our coumry. In this sentiment no class of people can inore beartily Juln than the soldler who submitted to the dan- zars, trints, nnd hurdships of thie campand the attfefield, on whichever side ho way have fought. No cluss of peuple are moro futerested in ¢usrding a recurrence ofithose d; Lot us, then, begin by guardiue against e\erg enumy threatening thie perpetuity of free republican in- stitutiona. L do not bring into this nssemblage politics, certalnly not partisan polities, but it is a fair subject for our deliberation to conslder what may be necessary to secure tho prize for which thes battled. In n Republic like ours, where the citizen i the soverelgu und the official the seryant, whera uo power is exerclsed except by the will of the people, it 18 tmportant thut the sovereign—the veople—should possess intolligence, 'Fhe frea school Is the promater of that intelligence which 18 to preserve us a fres nation, If we are to have anothier contest in the uear future of our natfon- al exlstence, I peedict that the dividing line will not be Mason winl Dixon's, but between patriot- fsm snd intellizence on the one side and superstition, ambition, uud ignorance on the other, Now, fu tuls centennial.year of our national existence, I belless 1t 3 ‘good tims to begin the work of strengthening the founda- tion of the good houss cominenced by our Efllrlullc forefuthers 100 years go at Concord snd exington. Let usall Iabor to add all necdful Euarantees for the more pecfect sccurity of tree thought, free speech,' frea press, pure moral unfettered religlous sentiments, uid of equ righits and privilezes to all men_{rrespective of nstionality, color, or religlon, Encoursge free schwols, and resolve thut not one dollar wppro- priuted to thelr support, no matter how raised, shall be appropriated to the support of any svctariun school, Resolve that elther the Btate or Nation, or both combined, shall support ln- stitutlons of _tearning suflicient to aiford to every child growiug up in the land the oppor- tuity of 4 good common-rehool education, un- mixed with sectarian, pogan or athelstical tenets, Leave thu matter of religion to the family circle,the Church, und the private school, supporwed entirely by private contributlon, K“? the Church and State forever soparate. With Stheso” safezuurds, I belleve the bhattles which created us *’The Armv of the Tesnes- sce,” will nos have been fought In valn. Japanese Maglc Mirrors, At n recent mecting of the Londun Royal 8o- clety Prol. Ayrton yrave au explavationof the so-called magic vroperty ‘[msxeuml by certaln rare bronze .mirrors, sold by the Chiuose at about twenty thnes the cost of. the ordinary mirrozs of g);ut country, und which counfsted In thess mirrors being able to reflect from thiglr smootll, polished faces the ralsed puatterns of birds, fowers, dragous, or Chiness letters with which thelr backa were adorned. Iiis experi- ments, made during the winter of 1877-'78, had led him to helleve that there existed extromely slleht frregularitivs in the curvature of the pol- Ished surface (quite juvistble to direct vislon), of such a nature that the thicker parts, vorresponds ing, of course, with the raised patterns on the bnc‘c. were flatter than the rcrualning convex surface, s0 that thero was less dlspersion of light from the thick’portion thag the thinnor. Ilo described one of & scries of dlagrama fllustrating various experimental arrange- ments of convergent und divergont heams of leht which the authors have valled themaelves of, and the use of which con- stituted, he said, the essence of the aystem of Inyestigation employed by Prof, Perry und bim- self, and he oxplained that if his theory of the phenvmenos was correct, then placing thoscreen, ou which the refection of the light from the Japauess micror was cast, {o a certain position, the phenomenon ought to disappear, and again puttlug the screen {n another position, the Pphenonenon ought to be Inverted,—that ls, In- atead of & bright imaze ona dark ground, which hitherto had alone been what has beea observed by previous inveatigators, s dark {mage of the utiern ou o Lright " ground ought to sppesr, 'inis disappearuuce wid sbsoluts Inverslon of the phenomeuua he said be had found to actual- 1y take place, but that he was compelled from want of time to leave the experimental exhibl- tion of It for the Royal Institution, Varlous uther facts, such a3 the necessily of holding the screen rather near, but not very nesr, the mir ror wheo ordinury sunlignt without lunses was emplayved, was, 1ike the Inverslon rh:lwmnnan Just referred to, shuwn to be explainable only on the {ncquality of curvalure theory, and not ot the Inequality of density (heory. ‘The next ?umlun that ‘atose was, How was this Inequality of curvature vroduced? This was explajucd to be ducto the method em- ployed by the Japanese for wuking the face of the milrrors convex, which wethod bad nitherto been quite uukuown to foreigoers, but which Prof, Avrton hed, atter much trouble, found to conslst n scrutehiug the foce whnile cotd with a nseyebo, or * distortiug rod.” Durlng the op- erution Lo mirrors becung visibly concave, but, recelving & * buckle,” sprung back sgain su as to biecotis convex when tho pressuro of the rod wus renioved, ‘Uhe thicker parts of these mavic mirrors ylelded lees uuder the pressure, were mude, therefore, less concave wlhen under the rod, winl sprung bick less, ur became leds con- vox, whon thu presaure of the rod had been ro- moved. Ile then showed how this expiained the fact dlscovercd by Prof. Atkinsou, of the Impe- vial Ublversity, "Japay, lo 1577, that » small scratch made on the back of . & mirror with & blung nail, although spparsotly producing no cffoct on the other side, becarae neverthe)ess visible ns & bright line on the screen whena ligut was reflecied on the ialrror, ———— The Naker of Thurso. Robert Dick, ** Baker of Thurso,” the Scotch gevlozist wud botanist, alwsys shrank fram publichy, sud notive of any kiod distressed him, bis pawe in the newspapers even belng painful to him. From Buwilcs' lfe of this re- snarkable man, which Harper & Brothers bave ncarly ready, it sppears thut of fricnds he bad few, thougli thosc he bad wers staunch, und that hls great rescrye Lept Lim apart from the townsfolk, to whom Le never gave entertamn- wment, and_from whow he received none, A Barou of Eugland one day sought to draw hin from his bakehouse to meet ul breaklast his vountrvinau, Thonius Carlyle, but be was us fu- differcut to Cariyle s to the folks of his town, The cause of this shyoess is revesled i the book. He had a stepmother, and his boyhood was clouded with lli-treatment and disappolut- weut, * All iny naturally buoysot spirits,” be once said, “wure bioken. It [y thls which wakes we sbrivk frow the world,™ His studies were puniued with all possible privacy. A tlcroscope and other sclentific lustruments were brought howe fu sscke of Hour, 84 were also ine editions of s favorite books. He bal u foud- ness for literature, und of poetry he coulesses thut in his youtts he composed lu secret * bug- fuls.”” To so distingulshed 8 man s Sir Koder- ick Murctuson ko mauped out & section of coua- try ou a bakiug-board with tlour. Tols flour he now rulsed uv {uto ablufl beadland und pow scuoped out with his fGugers unill he foried & i{l".ldu:l")‘ deepentuyg depression. Thus e de- incated the geogruphleal features of the coun- try sod itsgeolozicel pbeusomena so that Bir Roderick, Digcctor-Geaeral ol the Geograpbicsl Bociely, way “proud te call bbn wy ditin. guished fricad PULVERMACK ~ ADDRESS! To the Weals, Nervous, ang Deblilitated, who Suffer from Ill-Health consequent on Lingering, Chronte, New. ous or Functional Diseases, External Remedies are thy Safost 4 and best that can be applied in on account of the facility which we porsag watching their sction and their mh:l and of these remedies Eleotricity, fn g form of mild, contimuous, and p currents, as realized exclusively by PULVERMACHERS ELECTRIC ELTS ANDS, . bas been found the most valuable, safe, sim- ple, nod efficient known treatment for the cure of disease. In our descriptive Pam. phlet we review the manifold benefits to by derived from Palvermachers Applianee, * and bring forward testimony in their fagor from the most Learned Physicians and Sgi-' entific Men in Europe and. this country. We also dem. onstrate why relief and cnre result from their use after every other plan of treatment has failed. Reader, Are You Afflicted, and wish to recover the same degree of health, strength, and energy as experienced in former years? Do any of the following symptoms or claes of symptoms meet your disensed condi- tion? -Aro you suffering from ill-bealth in any of its many and multifarions forms, con. sequent on a lingering, nervous, chronic, or functional disease?. Do you feel nervous, de. bilitated, fretful, timid, and lack the power of will aud sction? *Are you aubject to losy of memory, have spells of fainting, fulluess of blood in the head, feel listness, mupiog, V n ~Unfit for Business or plesnre, and subject to_fits of melan. choly? Are your kidneys, stomach, urinsry orgauns, liver or blood in a disordered condi- © tion? Do you suffer frum rhenmutisw, neu. ralgla, or aches and pains? . Have you been indisgreet ip eyrly years and A Victim to Youthful Follies, or carried tho marital relation to excens in later years? Have these indiscretions and excesses left you in a weak and debilitated conditlon? Are you timid, nervous, and for. getlul, and’ yoirr Aifnd contiiidully dwelling on the subject? Have you < Lost Confidence in Yourself and energy for business pursuits? Are you subject to any of the following symptoms: ‘dreams,palpitation of the heart, bashfulvesy restless nights, broken- slcep, nightmare, confusion of ideas, aversion to society, dizi- nesa in the head, dimneas of sight, pimphs and blotehes on the face nnd back, und other despondent symptomu? There are Thousands of Young Men, middle-aged, and even the old, who suffer {rom nervous and physical debility, Then are also thousands of females Broken. Down in Health and upirits from dlsorders peculiar to thelr nex, and who, from fulse modeaty or neglect, prolong thelr sufferings. Why, then, furtler neglect a subject so productive of health and future happiness when there Ia at hand & means of cure? Why not throw off the yoke altogether, and seek o remedy that lus Science and Common Sense to commend {t?—a remedy of indisputable eficscy, and the Tmost certaiu means of re- storation to health and pristine vigor? There are wany diseases of an acute and febrile type that we do not propose to cure by means of Electricity; but from all that Electro-Physiology teaches uy, in regard to the modus operandi of the Gurfillva, nd Preservative effects of Voltald Eleetricity, we may mos reasonably infer that all those chronic silr ments and all diseases dependent on a de- pressed condition of the nervous forces, ex haustion of nerve power, or the diminishel energy of vital functions, as treated upon in aur publications, are happily moat ausceptls ble of cure by means.of Pulyermacher’s Electric Belts and Bands. These conditions they will cure, while drugs will not; and wa offer the most convincing testimony direct from the afilicted thewms selves who have been restored to Health, Strength, and Energy after drugglog in valn for months and yean SEND NOW For Descriptive Pamphlet and the ELEC: TRIC QUARTERLY, a flsrge Iustrated Journal, contalning full particulars fl]“ Information worth thousands. Copie? mailed free. Call on or address PULVERMACHER GALVANIC CO, Oor, 8th & Viue Sts., CYNOINNATI, 0. Or 212 Broadway, NEW YORKE. BRANCH OFFICE: 218 State Street, Chicago: A Cnmrhnt and Regularly Quglfied ) Physician 'a stitendance,