Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 7, 1879, Page 9

. His Wealth~--His Love of Work THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE UESDAY. JANUARY - , IH9—TWELVE PAGES. CALEB CUSHING. Reminisosnces of His Career—Prom- ises of His Youth Un- realized. WMo Belraged an Abolition Constituency, and Became & Dotighface-.The Sonth Refased to Reward Him. Heo Returnod from Spain Daeclaring B that He Was Going Home to Die. --His Virginia Home. From Our Cwn Correspondent. WasniNatoN, D, C., Jan. 4,—In the death of Caieb Cushing Washington City bas lost a celob- ity of half a contury. Mr. Curbing first cn- tered Conuress about 1835, and fo one of his * carly apecclies hie gave promise of becoming tho + eader in the House of the Northern setiment, - which was then forming smalnst the South. His * most conspichoun spcech In this respect was tho . one in feply to Denjamin Harding, of Kentucky, “who was n typical hot-blooded Boutherner, whose contempt for tho Yankeo was indelinable, and who supposed that the ropresentatives from . gouth of Mason's & Dixon's lino alone possessed Intellizenco and courage, Mr. Cushing appear- ed 1o debate at that timo as the defender of New England, Those who ieard him soy that there really was much cloquence and enthusi- asm {n bis specch,—qualities which wera great- ¢ Jacking in tho efforts of ‘his maturer yoars. "It was then thought that he would be the leader .4t “the, controversles of New England naainst ,the Sonth. But—destitute of convictions him- cgelt—he found it easler to surrender: to the influence, of Southern cn in his .party, then {to, be the advocate -of tho . caggresslve ldcas. of his own i section,.- He, accordingly, Instead of belng an Ant!-Slavery leader, beeame a Pro-Blavery de- *gordér. He was so earnest an sdvocate of the < Bnte-rights doctrine that he was fuclined to the ‘non-interference theory ss regards the South; but hé flunlly acqulesced in tho becessity of the ‘War, and gave up temporarily his State-rights {deas for the sake of the Union. But hia fuuda- . mental State-rights views remained unchanged. ..+ . THB UNGRATEPUL SOUTH. i But the Bouth did uot rewsrd him for his 1loyalty to tneir cause any better than, in tho old anto-War days, it rewarded most doughfaces. *It {8 truo that President Tyler nominated him 1o be Becretary of tho Treasary; but President “Tyler waa not the Democratic party, tho Scoato refuscd to confirm bim, and it was only by a .vory soyero straining of the law that Mr. Tyler was'ablo tosend Cusbing as Special Commis- ;sloner to Calna, - - " . -Under -Plerce's Administration, ns Attorhey Cieneral, Mr. Cushing wrote a great many. ‘opinlons ¢n apposition to the views of his own wection,—particularly those relating to the cir- *culation of Abolitlon literaturc in the Bouth, ‘and like matters tending to help the Pro-Blavery cause, Even In later years, whon he had staken the (ust of tho soll of Massachusct!s from hia fect, .and bad taken np his reatdence {n tho Old Do- minfon, he was not there treated with tho con- .sideration which his censtant lovalty to the Conservatlve canse sesws to have demanded, He was nominated as Chief~Justico of the Unit- ed Btates, and subsequently as Minlster to “Spafn,’ from the Btate of Virgiola; but fn bott cases he falled to recelvo the votes of Southern Benators, tho representatives af the Old Domin- fon particulariy Lelog hostilo to bis claims. ¢ _ . A TROPHET IN Ils OWN COUNTRY. But, if o was not particularly successful in Vir- ginls, he realized in his own person that the old _proverb, that ' A prophict {s not withont honor 'savein lils own country, s not always truo; for at Newbyryport, Mass., thebirtli-place, home,and death-plate of Mr. Cuabing, be was never with- out honor, and conld always command fn public ‘or private étatfon tho hiehest recognition which st was'within the power of the people of his na- tivo town to bestow. To that pleasant aud guupemuu city, on the bauks of tho Merrimac, is . thoughta often turned in tho last. few Jears of his life; aod It was to that place that he went fmmediatelv upon his return 1rom the * Misslun to Spain. Mr. Cushing soon after that visited Washington for the first time; but ho seemed reatlcss hero in hisold haunts, Hodid not readily take to work, The old hare ness seemed to liave grown. stiff and cumber- some to him, The old places at the table, whicl for more toan half a century had been fllled by the penlus,” the wit, the statesmanship, the diplomacy, of. Waskington public life bad be- Liccome vacant by death. ¥ 5 AM QOING 1OME TO DIE." « Mr, Cushiug's old fricnds—Charles Bumner, Willtwn F, Seward, and other comrades—ha Qeparted, The pltcher that had goue 80 oftento the well was about to break, Andso it wae that Culeb Cusldng, lere, a short time aro, sald to one of s most Intimate friends, * I am golng home to dic.” And he diz:d on the banks of the )Il:rrlm:u:l and will be burfed by the sido of the wife of his early years, whom ho always so ton- ‘derly remembered, and who did so much to hape the carly part of Lis Natlonal cerecr. PERBONAL CHARACTEHRISTICS. Mr. Curhing for & short time kept house liere, but for the most part he lved In furnishcd Judgings,~modest ones at that,—regardiess of atyle, and at & modicum of expense. Calob Cushing, of coursc, wus n great lawyer; but the'conrta often objected tobisarguments as verbuse, and bic somcetimes was checked by the Judges on sccount of toat tendency. ile is kuown to have been the author of inany of the fmportant Btato papers of Gea. Grant's Admla- fatration. 1t was ss a couversationallst that Mr, thlns ‘was beat known and will bo longest reincmbered, His vxperisnce, of itsclf, was a rich fund; ana he hod a marvelously tenacious meroory, which made- him tho 1ifo of every social pathering. He was a fitnt reader, and - always used to refresh his mind by daily reference to somo of the English classica; but bo was mot especislly ‘foud of the Greek and Romun clussics. u the old days be- fore the telegraph, bo was o frequeut coblrib- utor to tho press, and was much sought in later anys by newapaper-representatives of uundinr. onscconnt of his varled inforwation, cspeclal x on diplomatic subjects, But thy editorlals ‘an: Ietters of nislater vears, most of them auony- nious, were of the auciont, stagy coach style,— wuch'more adapted to the columns of the uld Aalivnal Iuteliigencer than to any modern news- paper. Tha best place to hove known Heu. Cushing wus at bis own home. Thero the susterity ot blsinanner, which -was forbiddiog often to those who only met bim i public Jife and formally, disappeared, sud he wss a genlnl, gilted gentieman, Uls WIVE'S DRVOTION, Oue curious incldent occurred in his early life, which Mr, Cushlug’s (riends are sccastowed to recite aa Olustruting his w devotlon to bls olftical advancement. Mr, Cushing appears to iava had great difficulty In coming to Congress, having made cight or ten unsuccessiul contests before- finally securlng the acat. Durlug ono of these contusis, in which his wife took un active part, she wrote a communication to sowe Boston aper, settiog forth 1o a very ardent way Mr. ushing’s - good qualltfes, and recotninending bl for the position. Mra. Cushing Lad so juti- wately identified herself with Mr. Cushing's 'mbltn Itfe that ghe hsd even lesrucd to imituto s handwriting, sud could write 1t so that tho writivg could not be distivguished from his own, It hapj encd, unfortunately, at this tiue, that the mnnuu-rfm of this fulsome articlo fell into the hauds of a printer who was very Lostle to Alen, Cusbing, sud who knew bis hundwriting, ‘Ilie printer caused it to be d d that thy documcnt was written by Gen. Cushing hitneelf, aud thls disclosure verformed s conspicuous bart Ju tho campuign of that yesr, U1 WEALTIL, t"There have been at differcot times fabulous atorive s Lo Mr. Cushing's wealth, It probab); will not bo kuown untll” Lls cstate iy umblu& what his real linaocisl coodition was. tle bad * earned woney enough to make many fortunes, hut of late yuars, by tho death of & brother In jusolvency, who bad been supposed to bea wealthy map, Mr. Cushiug was hlmself much fovolved, The brother, who was supposed to be 1ho wealtblcst mun i Newburyyort, died bank- rapt, and Caleb Cusbiog was'an ludorserto a large amount upon his paper. ‘That nuount has been wade guod,—Mr. Cushlug baviue seut 1rum Hpain several 1emittabees 1o liquidute bis wbligation as gusruntor. Notwithstauding his REeut fees, be was very curcless 83 (o matwrs of auveatumcat, and often wade o very infudicious uss of movey. Ho was & large owned fu tbe Vireat Falls water property, waicl tho Govern- uent uow cogtrols, but which the compauy iu Which Mr. Cusblog wes a member (usists be- looge to it, under an uld charter dating back to Gen. Washlogion. OF conree the stock i worthleas. kg alzo hod large luterests fu tho ' Beeretary of- State. Seneca sandstone quarry, of fragrant memory, and he made (ke Investments fu many laces, 1118 GOVERNMENT AND OTIERt RMPLOYMRNTS. Mr. Cuishing continued in sctive work here, aa attarney for_cvery Adminlstration, untll his dle- rnrmrn for 2patn na Minister. 8laen s return e hias been but very little In Warhinzton. le was grenerally reported to have mada from $40,- 000 to $30,000 annually for yery many )en The tatest large case in which he was'enzaved hoissald to have gequired while Minister to Bpaln, and to have subsequently collected from tho Bpanish (overnment his own fee, belng 1 ). At one fime he recelved £21,000 an- nually from the Mexlean Republie hers to pe; re- rent it bofore the Mexiean-American Mixed Commisslon. In addition to this, e received & eonsiderable sun tor clerk-hire; and ho always had tho facalty of making his elerks work. Gen, Cushing generally in Washinuton suc- ceeded in having sonie ‘of the Governmenta or pemons for whom he was counsel pav his oflice. rent. He frequently slept in his oflice, and ata at the little counter at the market-house. Mis liylng expepses often could scarcely have -cxceeded a dollur a dar, When Akerman was Attorney-General, Caleh Cushing was nimost constantly employed as special counsel for the Government. It ivng a curfous fact, too. thnt the Grant Administre- tlon employed Caleb Cusbing, who presided over the Charleston Conventlon, to represent the Admintateation in Investizalion of the Dem- ocratie clection-frauds ln New York, Mr. Cueh- Ing was the persanal friend and confidant of Mr, Boward-during-all the yeara that the latter was Alr, Cushing’s” marvelous memorv, and his exstended knowledge of (uter- nattonal” 1w, ‘und of all the relations of the Guvernment to other countries, made hlin an Invalmwlo man to any Administration, generally known ns a legul encyelopedia. 118 LOVE OF WORK, - Mr, Cushing loved work for fts own sake. Ho scems carly in life to have desired to obtaln the reputation of belfng capecially learned, and he acquiredit. He was a man of prodigous enery and (nduatry, \Work was his P casure, his re atlon, lils 'daily avovation. le nearly alwayn would rise athio'clov the morning, breakfust at 6, and work all day. Unco or twice a vear, like old.tien. Spinner, he would spend—waste ha proyably would eall ft—a few days in fishing, Beyonpd that he searcely ever gave mself any exerclse:-or reercation, except to attend great nners. - There he was niways the sonl of the social “citele, belne full of anccilotes and reniinliéences, and belng able atways to natrate, from personal expericuee, facts and events which ‘were a scaled book to a majority of his table-companions except as matters of history. He was a surt of peripatetic human Horary. - As au attorney, his m{mmlun certalnly was not on acenunt of lis pleading, because fie was not an nteresting apcaker, I1is suceess resulted fram his eminent lcarning, from his wide ox- perience, ond from his restless tunacity to his client’s cause. lo was THE OLEBE. Caleb Ctishing's country resldence fn Virzinla was calléd the Glebo. It was ucar Falls Cliurch, and had, been the parsonago of the Egllmpul {\nmh from tha Coloninl days, Mr. Cushing ook ‘groat . pride in cntertalning his fricnds there, and I relnvigorating the worn-out and exhausted soll. ‘The hunse occupled a very commanitig ‘position, One of ‘the curious things ahout it s a mammoth gilded eayle perched upon the cupols, which can be scen for miles nbout, From thoe observatory it was casy .during the War to leok at the Rebel pleket- lines, and sharpshootera wero sometimes noar cnougl to have picreed the ilded cagle. 5 BIITOME OF IIB LIFE, ‘The dotalled story of Caleh Cushing's Iifa is ‘part of tho history 0f the last threc-quarters of a tentury. Mr. Cushing had an extreordinary careor. Jlowns born in Newburyport, where Senator Sargent, of California, waa also born; and {t was a carlous fact that Mr, Cushing’s old townsman was one of the most attive to couse his defeat for conflrmation as Chief Justics of the Uhited States. Mr. Cusbing’s political ca. reer bas been oue of the most noted aud ro- markablo in our political life. o entered pub- “lie 1ife very early,—hoving been elected, soon after his admission to the Bar, as a Representa- tive from Newburvjport In \he Lower House of the Massachusetts Legisiature. Thia wns §n 185, and Mr, Cushing supported what was then known as the Republican party, in opposi- tlon to the Federalists, 1t is one of tho curfous mutations of flllr&nlltl:‘l that the su-called Dem- ocratlc party of tha country, which In its begin- nlngs took upon ftsell the'name of tho Repub~ Tiean party, now shuns everything that seems to be Regublican fn _name. “Four ‘years later Mr, Cushing visited Europe on o pieasure-trip, d. soon after wroto s hook on BSpain, snother. on the French Revolution of 180, In 1833 he was nzain o member of the Massachusctts Leeialoture, and in 1835 was clocted from the Northiern Essex District of Massachusetts to Conurass, where he served for elght yesrs,—acting at that time with the Whig porty, antll President. Tylér was “clected, when he slded with the Admiulstration, and afterwards supported the Democratic party. ¢ Blnce that time ho has been CONSTANTLY IN PUBLIC LIPE. In 1843 he was nominated for Sceretary of the Treasury by Prestdent Tyter, but failed of con- Srmations “when ho was “sunt as Comumnissloner to China, where he negotiated our first treaty with that Empire. Ile tocama an enthuslostic supporter ot the Mexican War, and, the Massa- chusetts Legislature having decldod to equip & voluntecr reziment, Mr. Cushing did this him- self, and procecded to the seat of war, where he galned hismilltary titioof Brigadler-General, 1t 1s charncteriatic of Mr. Cushing that, notwith- stauding the eminent position which hu occupled {u polltics and law, he always was fond of this ephemeral military title, "He wos nowmlnated and acfcated for Governor of Massachusetts; repreaented his district agatn in the State Legis. lature; was an ovponent of Charlos Sumncer,ns candldate for the United Renute; was made Mayor of Newbiryport aud Justice of the 8u- preme Court of Massachusetts: and was United States Attorncy-General under President Plorco; and served arain in the Massachusctis Leglslature, The most conspicuous political positlon which be beld fu the Democratic part! within.the lust twenty yenrs was that of presid- ing officer of the Democratie Convention fn Charleston, in1860. Duriug the War which fol- lowed, he kept aloof from politics, although he was always lending his Jewral aid to the suppors ot vvery Administration that would pay for it, e was'first consplcuous under tho Grant Ad- ministration as counscl for the United States before the Geneva Court, where s encounter with Bir Alexander Cockburn will become lilg torical. His tater political Hlo {s part of tho m‘mfinl history of the day, within the memory of all. PHO-BLAVERYISM. Mr, Cushing, while Attorncy-General under Plerce, guiued an unfortunate reputation in the North, ~The Soutkiern lnflucuces iu the Cablnet uscd him, as o Northern mau, to do muchof the disagreeavle worl eounocted with Blavery; and It was due to hils opiuions that Norchern nows- papers were often suppressed fn the Southern inalls, and that many decisious {n tho Intereat of Slavery wero made. Jlo conatantly worked for that part of the Unfon in which e did not restde, and, as a conscquence, was rofused & comtuission In the Unlon urivy for which he ap- plied. 'Tien years after tho War began he shuuk the dust of ' Massachusotts from his feet, and, at the age of 63, purchased a residence on the Virginia sbore of the Potomac, just within the outer limits of the fortltications, und devoted himnsell wholly to law questions, o took bis legul residencs in Virginla, und had not abau- doued ft long encugh ulter hia rotum from Spain to qualify Litusclt as a candidate for At~ torney-General on the Butler ticket in Alassa- chusctts last 1all. e was appointed Minister to Spain as & resident of Virginta, anil s so ac- creditod 1o the otficlal register. His commis- alon uleo reada: * Caleb Cushing, of Virginta Alr, Cushing vever hud & great reputation & mey of fixed und determined principles, never posseased In the highest degree the contl- dence of the country,and ho was ulways friendly to that interpretation of the great na- tloval princloles fu support of which the war for the waintcuunco of national Integrity wasmade; and {t{s not belleved that, to the day of death, he ever gave any adhesion to the const tutional guarantees of clvil rights and freedom, 1t was, uf course, o ureat political mlstako to proposs to muke Caleb Cushiug Chicf Justics of ths Supremo Court of the United States. The fact that he Lad always been w Pro-Slavery Democsut, so far as i had any polltics, and thay his Jast oflicial act us Frunk Pierec's ttorney- General was to yender ag uplufon fn support of Blavery, of itself was enbugh to prevent his se- lectlon for a pluce where he would aave bad to decids upon questlous which fuvolved both the uatlonal sovereignty and all the civil rights sc- quired by the Wur and perpctusted juths amendments to tbe Constitution. ‘Ihe uppointioent of Colet Cushing as Minis- ter to 8palu must be regerded s au [nstance of litical wagnavimity ov the part of President arant; for Cushing, il he ever bad any political coovictions at ali, had alwuys beew coustuntly opoosed o Republican Adwministration which s had conatantly asajated by bis vaid ad- vice. E.B. W, = - Uetting Rid of Kats, A correspondeos of the Euglish Mechanle gives ouo or two valusble hints for riddiog remises of ruts. Oue ver{:wu plan, be says, s to nall & red berring oo tho wall of the ware- house or viace fufeated, about cigbteen loches {rom the floor; un thite, & little to uue slde, be- ueath the tlab, pluce w brick or plove of wood uea~ the wall, At au equal distauce oo thu wtber sldo set an ordinary steel mun-trap, uot baited. ‘Lba rate, fu jumplox oif from the brick Lo get ot the heerlug, ufter & few attempls ure sure to fall down o the trup. This Is a veod peranept plan, o8 it W somcwhiat sbova their cowprelicasion. 1f rats buve uudenwiucd tue ‘fected opparatus which foundation walls, which thes do_somelimes to auch an extent a8 to endanger the butlding, it s of no use ta attempt to stop them out by tamping thelr burgaws with broken glass bot- tles, for they work ailigently to make fresh oner. Abetter war {8 to put a shovelful of ary sand over every hole. Tho rats soon come up throtsh thie, bt tn doing #o let balf the sand Into the burrow, which, unlike earth, they eannot either foree or carry up again, and ov repeating this at every fresh-opened place their runs become quite filied u{:. and they make up your loundatinus azain. By this means T have n0Wwn o granary that was teeribly infested with rats quita clearéd of them, All ‘thelr burrows heine at tast flled with sand, they wero eom- pelled to betake thomsclves clsewhore, e e— - THE SPEAKING TELEPHONE. Prof. Neli's Claim to Priority of Discavery, . London Nature, Dee, 5, AxN Annon, Mich., Nov. 18,—I had the honor to he onc of the judgos at the International Ex- hibition at Philadelphin, and of the group to whom was conflded the exnmination of fnsttu- ments of rescarchi and’ precision. In the per- formance of my officlal duty I took part in the experiments which first Lrought the speaking telephouo to the notice of the acientific world. Prof. tiell and Alr. Elfstia Giray wore both exhlb- ftors at that Exhivition. Mr. Groy's appuratus was consplcuouisly, shoiwh n¢ar one of the main alsles, with tho oxhibit of tha:Western Electric Compauy, while Prof. Bell's waa In a slde-roum in onv of galleries, a8 .0 part of the Massachu- rotts cducationnl exhibit, -About the midale of June, 187, Prof, Bell ‘camo to Philadel- vhia to give personal explanations in reference to - his apparatus, -and befors any public exhibition was made he atated tomein detall the character of his inventions. llc was work- ing nt two Independent things,~the one the multiple telegraph . by means of transmitted musical notes, the other the transmission of ar- ticutate speech over fone dlstances, 1tald him that I waa present, In May, 1574, at the rooms of Prof. Heory, in the Bmitheonian Institution, when Mr. Blistia (lray exhibited to us au nppa- rotus for the clécfelc’transmission of musical sounde, and I asked hina whetber his first inven- tion was siinilor, lo aald thera was somo siml- larity, althongh each hafworked Independently, ond that there was a dispute as to the priority of fnvention. * Whilo sancuinens to the practl- cal results from bis muitiple telegraph, bis great {usention was'tho apeaking ‘teléptione, which ho belloved he had dlscovered, and In respect to which there was na rival, elnfinant, . Hu sald the tdca came to him from somc of the suggestions in respect to sound vibrations wmade by Helin- holtz, and that he had succceded, after patlent research, In constricting -an -instrument which would transmit articulate: speech, To this fn- vention ho desired 1o direct the attention of the udges. ' ; The expertients with e telephones had to be made when the Exhibition was closed 1o the Lmh"" and thefirst.experimenta sere mndo by Ir Wiiilam . Thomson. and .others nn Suniay, Jane 18 or 25,—I do -not now remember upon which of these two- dates. - Thelr Maestics the Emperor and Empress: of - Brazll were present nt these experiments. “Attentlon was first given to Mr, Qrav,and he gaven lengthy account of his experlinents. which had resulted In the per- s then exhibited, Ilo rave au explanation of his varlous fnstruments in chronological; ordery. aud conducted sume vnr{ cntertalning. experimenta rs ho proceeded in his discourse. .'The objoct which he had I view wasto send many messages simultancously over the samne ‘wire by -using sendinz and re- ceiving instruments of differont mnelcal notes, ‘The greater part uf the day was given to Mr. Gray, 8o that insuflicient tinie remained for sat{sfoctory trinl of Prof, Bell’s apjarntus, The ‘udnes aud the distinguishied visitora present did, bowever, procesd to the Massachiusetta Uallery, and Urof. Bell explained bricfly his two fuventions, and eome exueriments wero mado with his spcaking teloplione, enough to excite the curlosity of those present in tho highicst degree. ‘The results were so at varlance with the views hitherto recelved that it was de- terinined by my distiugutshed colleague, Bir Willizm Thomson, to mdkb othur experiments, in which I took part. These experiments wero mado two or three days Jater in tho bullding known ns the judges pavilion, fn the eveniog, atter the visitom had left ths.grounds. Prof. el had returned to Bostow, and was not pres- cnt st this trial of hils apperatus. 1t was brought -over to the judges’ pavilion, at iny request, by Mr. Hubbard, one of the offiers i chargoof the ‘Massachdsetts exhibit, and the experincuts wers ‘niado by* '8Ir Willlam ‘Ihbmson’ and myseil. Every vrecaytlon was takon to make an lipar- tinl teat. .1 wns at the transmittiug fnstrutnent, ‘which wan placed. out of doors at & aistant part of the bullding, and 8ir William Thumson was &t tho recetving luatrument in a distant room in the building. -Atter somu vxpverlinents to flad the pitch ot volre which wonld suilt the vibrat- Ing tnembrane thenuged, ' I recelved word by messenger (rom Sir Willlan) that he could then hear distinctly, and sccordingly tho lich of the volee then used wos matntuingd In the subso- quent triajs. 1 held fumy hand a copy of the New York Daiiy Trdmne, and.1 bogan” to read to him {tems from Its news-swinmary, ovd soon the messenger camo to tell mo that the mes- snges wero heard distinetly at the - other ond. The longest messags which I gent was tho fol- lowlng from that paper:’™The Americons of London have made_urrangements to celebrate the comine Fourth. of July,” sud the mussenger broughlk . .me back frum Bir Wiliam Thomson the exact repetition of the messae. ‘Therevpon - we exchanved placce, and 1 conid not only hear distinctly tho utterances of my colleague, but I could even distinguish the fctos of his volce, The results convineed hoth of us thit Prof, Bell hod made s wonderful discovery, and that ite complute development would follow {n the near futurs. ‘Tha news of those successlul expertinentssoon circulated freoly, and the day loliowlue, or pos- sibly two days aiterwards, Mr. Uray camo tome and inquired wheeher the reports of our suc- cess with Hel’s telephuno’ were correct and upan recelvin m me au afllrmutive reoly, he aaid that it was Jmporsible, that wo had i;ecn decefved In_soima way, that tho transtisaion was by actual metaitic contact through the wire, and that it was, to use his uwuwonlnl “uothing more than the oly lovers' telegraph.' In roply, 1 sald to him that we had taken every possible precautiou ngaiust crror; that-we wero both con- vinced ot tho reality of Bell's claims, anu that Bir Willlam Thomsen would report to that effect, 1o perslsted in his statement that the result was jinpossible, and that we must have buen decelved In some way or other, After havine bad 4lroct Knowledga of Mr. Gruy's views ot that thme, I must confess to somo ustonlshuient at his cluitn now mudo that he anticipated Mr, Bell in the fuvention of the speaking telephone; Heversl months ugo [ saw a0 artcle in ' Seribner's Magazine by Mr. Prea- cott, lu which, while no direct assertion wus made that Mr, Gray was the tlest fuventor, thero were {liustrations given to show tho develop- ment ot the Inventlon in chronologleal urder, and Mr, Qray's justrumant was there given pri- ority, Ihad it in nlnd then to write a note to Mr. Prescott upon this subject, hut | fearea that there might be unpleasant controversics over tho patents, aud, the claltu uf Mr, Groy beluw rathen indefinitely stated, T held my peave. But now that thy error apueara to be taking root, £ have felt It to he.iny duty tomake the state- menta ahave given. - 1 have beforo mo a letter from Mr. Bell, dated at Boston Weduesday, Juue 2%, 1870, aud directed to me at Phlladel- phiy, in which he gives dlagrains chowlue low we might arrange the apparatus to transinit articulote speech, os he helieved, from Boston 10 Phlladelphis, aad propusing experinents to that end if Lhe judge should so deslre. In conclusiup, I ouchl to state Turther, that after Bir Wilham Thomson's sddress at Glasgow had brought the telephone into notoricty, Mr, Gray, whosy fostruments bad also bee called telephonca, gave w public exhibition, in Cnicago, 1 think, sud in tho report of his lectune, which 1 read, he never once slluded to Bell's luveu- tlon, His discourse was then, as ut Phila- delphls before the judges, solely In reforence to the musical telephone. In fact, the newsnapers had to take palus to {nform the publte that Mr. Uray's luvention must not bo contounded with Mr. Bell's, to which 8ir Willlam Thoumson had referred. You will tmagiue, then, the surprise of the judges who examined these juventions varticalarly ot Phitadelphia in 1570, sod heard be peuonllalfllnmlum wade by the juveutors, t0 be told uow that, Oruy bad sircady foveuted the speakiug telpuioe, ‘when all Lis then mude show uirectly to the contrary. i Jasey C. Wation, —— Experiments with Gastrie Juice. “The resulta of sume of the experinents made by M. Ricket upou the patiens wa whom Prol. Verueull perfuruied, s while ago, the operation of gastrotowy, have becn published. Accond- Iug to these rescarches, the scidity of tho gustric Jjuico I3 equivalcut 1017 grumiea of l‘mlm- chlone acd to 1,000 lgnlumu of lluld, actlity tucressing a Mstle at the ond of dizestion; wine sud alcubol also fucrease it, bt caue sugur dimwfsnes it It tends tu relurn to Jis ormal ucldity after the inuroduction of acld or alkullve watters. The mean durstion ol digestiou Is rom three to four and wue-half bours, wnd the 1ood duce not basa graduully vut of the ot ( but in nssses. Acconding to four unaly uicnts wfter u modification of Schinldys wetbid, l‘x.;:; : hydrochlorle uctd cxists 1o the waatric juice: sud uitozether this secretion ApDears fo tonsiat of vne part of (e avid ta woe parts of Lydro- chiorw acid, Lue tormer of which s fres I the gusirie julce. - plnin OUTH CAROLINA. E. W. M. Mackey Makes Out the Republican Case, Glaring Fraud:—How the Democrats Destroyed Republie- an Votes, Thonsands of ¢ Jokers”—.A Sfatement that Can Be Mot Only by Facts. CranLgaton, 8, C., Dec. 31, 1873—To the Edl- tor of the New York Jera'd: In your lssue of tho 23th Inst. appear 8 number of letters from prominent Democrats of this State In regard to the late election. Al of the letters gre from residents of the First Cougresstonal District, except one from Mr, M, P O'Connor, who claims to have been clected over me from this district,—the Beccond. As Mr. O'Connor's lot- ter was cvidently written In response to the charge made by tno that gross (rauds were vom- mitted throughout this district at the last elec- tlon, I resprectfully request the privilege of ro- plying to ity aud m so doing I shall not only en- deavor to establish the fact that frauds, suf- ficlent to chapge tho entlre result of the elec- tion, were committed, but Ishall alsu endeavor to satiafy overy unbiased miond that the de- fense set up by Mr. O’'Connor fn his letter ia evasive and incavable of standing the test of in- vestigation, VOTING AT LIGATNING SPEED, In & published Tetter under date Nov, 7, 18R, 1 chiarzed, fater alia, that the bailot-boxes In the two voting precinets of Ward &, In this eity, had heen stuffed with Democratie tickets, printed on yery small alios of tissuo paper Indlamond type} Inone case with over 2,400 tickets, and in {he other with over 1,200, and these two polls thus made to rive Mr. O'Coniior o majority of 4,303 outof avoteof B,5%,—the total vote ut one poll being 3,18, nnd at the ather 1,087, ‘T'o vote 8,560 or oven 1,087 persons at any ohe poll during tho twelve “nours, or 720 minutes, the polls wero open, [declarced to bea physical im- possibility where tho managers swors vach voter separately, and n many cases consumed three or four minutes questioning some votors, and occupled conslderable time In challenging and rejecting others. In endeavoring to ex- how 1t was possible to vote such numbera Mr. O'Conuor ssserts that tho managers swore “half & dozen or moro yoters at the same time." While In one or two lnstances—very rarely, however—the managers may have sworn $wo or three voters at one tinie, 1 challengo Mr. O'Connor t» produce o singlo ruliable witness who will testity that the mavagers, a8 & rule, swore ‘*half n”dozen or moru voters at the same time." As o matter of fact, nine-tenths of the persona voting at the two precioets In’questfon were sworn,separate- Iy, . " n. 0'CONNOR'S ATATEMENTS REFUTLD, Mr. O'Connor furtier attemuts to account for the enormous voto at these two procints (n “Ward 8 by u}ylnz that *the access to the poils in Wards 1, ¥, 5,7, aud 8 was choked up with u -strenm of negroes thronghout the entire day, rendoring it almost inposwible for a white Deni- ocrat ta reach thebuxes in elther of thess wards aond vota. This necesaitated a very lsrpe num- ber of emocrats Hving In the precincts that wers thus blocked to repalr to Ward # and there vast thelr ballots.!® If ‘Mr, O'Connor's ex- lanatiun bo true, that it was almost imponaihle or & whito Democrat to reach the polls in elther Wards 1,2, 5, 7, or 8, because access to them was choked by a stream of negroes, which be dr- clares, in this conncetion, was the ‘*euemy's plan of battle,” how then will he uccount for tho fact that at Ward 8 poll the Democrats ro- ceived 547 majorlty; st Ward 7 poll, 623 ma- ority; at Ward O poll, 242 majonity; while at Ward 1 poll they cast 443 votes oui of 0G0, or nearly ene half; and at Ward 3 poll they cast 823 ont of 780, Elther Mr, 0'Cunnor's assertlon In reward to the polls being blocked up {8 with- out the slighteat foundation in fact, or, {f it bo true, then It Is conclusive evidence that tha man- azers at the polls in Wanls 5, 7,and 8 comnmitted great frauds in returning such lurze Democratic majorities -at polls where, asccording to Mr. O'Connor, it was *‘alinost fmpossible for a ‘white Democrats to reach-the boxes and vote,” Air, O'Connor and the Democratic managers at thoso polls can scttio the question whether the statenient of the former Is correct vr the re- turus of tho latter are falsc, Whlle frauds were commitied at the polls in Wards 0, 7, and 8, an 1 shall prove furthor on, yet tho truth s that the access to neither these nor thoso in \ards 1 and 8 was choked up by negrocs so os to prevent tho Democrats from reaching the boxes and voting, but, on the contrary, at each ouu ol them, excepting Ward 2, whicre the fall- ing-off was about tho-same on both sldes, the Democrats voted thelr full strength, At Ward 1 the Demovratic yote was abont the same as it was in 18703 In Wanl b it was 151 more than in 18705 In Ward 7 it was 857 more d in Ward 8 483 more. If, then, tho Democrats at three out of the five polls mentioned by Mr, O'Connor cast n larger vute thau they ever did before, aud at another about tho ssme vote as last year, how can ho reconclle b tatemcut that they were forced to repuir ta Ward to vote with the fact that the Democratic vote was Iargely Mcreased 1n theso verv wardal VALUABLE USE OF THE ‘‘JOKERs,' Another proof, if Mr. O'Couner’s assertions be true, that the maonagers at the polls in Wards 5, 7, sod 8 commiited gross frauds in swelline the Democratic vuto st thers polls be- yond what was honestly and actually cast. And this ts Just what the inanagers did, as I will presently show, Bur even deducting the amount of tissue-baljotx stuffed fn tha ballots, the Democratic vote nctually cast at theso thres polis was ahout the sainc as it was In 1871, ahow- Iing conclusively that largze numbers of Demo- crats were not forced to repair to Ward 3 to vole, and the attemint to explaln the enormons yute of that ward unon any such theory will not besr examination.. Even were we to admit that, fu- stead of large uninbers, every Democrat who vated {n 1670 at the poilsin Winia 3, 3, 5, 7,and & wit thoto alao wiio Vated In Ward 3, cast thelr_ballots this year at the two preclucts in Ward 8, yet the comnblucd Demo- cratic vote of theso slx wards, lnclud- fng Ward 8, as cast in I878, 18 actually less than the Democratic vute cast thera this year, Bo much for the frauds at these two reciicts, for which some hetter explanation must be found by thoss who desiro to upolo@izn for them than the one offered by Mr, ()'Conuor, But these wera not the only polls tn the eity of Charleston at which frauds were committed, At tho First Vrecluct of Ward 4, and at the polts fu Wards 5, 7, und 8, the ballot-boxes wers stuffod with_the snme kind of tlsaue-tickets as was used ln Ward 8, PRAUD AT POLLA B, 7, AND 8. At Ward 5 poll tho Lallots in the box exceed- e tho pames on the wanagers' poll-liat by over 125 Thia the Democraric niaiagers themselves will not devv, ‘This excess was caused by the tissue-baliots which bad been stutfed into the bux, and i conscquence of this excess thus fraudulently created o number of ballots equal to the umouot of the excess wers drawn out and destroyed. Two-thirds of the ballots drown out and destroyed were Republican tickets which had beon luwfully voted. In thelr place wers counted tho tiasue-baliots which had heen surreptitiously placed inthobox, By this means thae Republicut vore sctually cust iwas reduced by over 100, and the Democeatic voty fncreased 10 the sawne extent, At Ward 7, Pull 410, tissue ballots wero stuffed fu the box, and althouzh numerous falso names wore placed on the poll- list In vnler to uake it correspond with the nutnber uf ballots stuffed in the box, yet at the “close of the poll there were forty-two more bal- lots in the box than thero were naiues oo the Ialsitied poll: - At Wurd 8 poll there wero 401 more tickets In the box thsn there wers names on the Buvcrvisur's poll-list, — Notwlth- standing this discrepancy, all the ballots found fu the LOX were couuted, sud the poll-list of the managers aftorward nade to corsespond. Awmoug the ballots counted ‘were euu\lly tsauo ballote whicn bad been fraudulently placed.in thy box, VIVE THOUSAND * JOKEUS™ 1% YOUR PRECINCTA. At tbe First Preclucs of Wara 4 there wero 424 tlasue ballots stulfed fu the bux, aud (o en- deavorini to lnscrt nawies on the potl-list for tho vallots thus stuffed (o thu box seveuty-two more uges werd insertod ou tho list thun ‘there were palluts fu the box. At the four precincts just inentioued, together with the two precinets in Ward iho pumber of swall tissue Laliots stuffed fnto the ballot-boxes was over 5,000, by which means the vote of Charleston City was swollen to 15,588, includiug the 863 votes cast at the Wesl Ington engine-bouse, which wers not counted becuuse of thy destruction ol the ballot-bos. I order o pruve that this cxcessive vole was not the result of fraud, Mr. U'Coouor ssscrts that **tha vote of the cfiy {0 tho last. vlection s verv nesrly the smme that 1t was In 1370, the differcucy “belog very slight. one way or the other As the vole of the cty in 1570 wus 12,358 (lor Prealdentia] Electors) the slight dit- fereucy cousists i the votu this year bewg 3,153 miore thau ft was then,—au jucrease of over 23 per cent. Knowlug teat the flrures would ot suppurt bis stuteutcnt that the yote of the cltv this year was vory pearly the samo as fu 1870, Mr, U'Counor adds ttas *lu view of thy very larze influx of nearoes from the cnnmrut was to be expected that the city voto would be awollen abave the nsnal proportions.” IMad ths 1,200 oeeroes from Bt Andrew's asd St Jamex', (rove Creek, who camo to the city beeause of the actlon of the Leyls- lature In_abollshing the voting-precincts In thelr Jocalitics, been atlowed to vote, there fa no doubt the vote of the city might have been Increased to that extent, though that would not have nccounted for the inerease of 3,162 but Mr. 0°Coanor can hardly be lgnorant of the fact that the managers of clection throughout the city aheolutely refused, nzainst all Jaw and Jue- tice, ta receive the votes of tlieee peonle, except fn & yory fow {nstances. Had they been permit- ted to vote, it Is natural to fnfer. since they were broueht to the vty by the Republicans, that their yotes wonld have awollen the Repub- lican vote; but it was the Hetnocratic vote that was swollen from 6,157 in 1876 tu 10,600 in 1878, whito the Republican vote was fess than {t was tivo years ago, owing to_ the fact that tha man- agers of clectlon throughout the city arbitrarily rejected hundreds of Republican votes upon one pretext aud another, Tha Increase of 4,433 in the Democratic vote of the city this year over that of 1878, taken In connection with the in- crease of 3,153 tn the ageregate vote, shows how and by whom the vota was swollen. Mit. 0'CONNOR'S FRAUDULENT MAJORITY, Mr. ('Connor, apparently consclous of tbe fact that the tnajority he wvbtaloed over mo in the City of Charleston was clearly the result of frand, sava tbat vven throwing otit that majori- ¥ he was elected, because my majority in the country precincts of Charleston County was onty **a fraction over 2,000"'; lcss than was on- nuticipated, he intimates, Whilo 1 fail to see how this sugzestion will tend to refute the chargea of fraud that have been made fn mgard to the election in this district, il [ suppose 1t might avall to prove that the frauds commit- ted were not suflicient to changs the result of the electlon If the frauds were confined to the City of Charleston. But the frauds committed in the Becond Congressional District were not conllned to the City ot Charleston, Thuy ex- tenied throughout the entire district, were per- vatrated in every county composing the dis- trict, and were practiced at four-fths nf the polls within the district, They were so great oa to transform a Jarce . Repub- lican majority actually cast at the. polis into a large Democtstic inajority returned on paper. How wy majority In the country precincts of Charleston came to be ouly “‘a fraction over 2,000, 1 shall now explain, first ecalling atten- tion to the fact, however, tIAL 1L was oven less than Mr. O'Connor hus kindly allowed me out of the abundance of his own majorities, Inatead of giving me **a fraction over 2,000 majority,*" the returns of the inanagzers from these counlry * precinets give me onlv 1,372 majority, I do oot wention this fact to agow that Mr. U'Connor vould not have examined the returna, the cors rectness of which he has undertaken tn defend; nut stnply ta prove that the frauda committed in reduclug v majority In the country pre- clnets were even grenter than Mr. O'Connor was aware. UNIFONM BALLOT STUFFING. Ouo thiniz can be sakd I favor of the frauds at tho country preciacta, They were uniform, The same aystem was ndopted and practiced at cach poll where the fiouds werc committed, aliowing that the instructions how Lo cousuni- mate tnese frauds camo from one fountsin-liead, ‘The plun swas as follows: From 100 to 600 simall tissuo ballots wers lnm-ntll(uuslr placed {n the ballol-box, In consequence of whlch the number of ballota [ the bok exceeded the nuimber of names on the poll-list. At the closeof the poll, when the box was opened, all the ballots were .taken out and unfolded, so*us to coable the managers to percelve whicn were Republican and which were Democratic tickets, They were then all counted, and, ns soon as it was nscer- talucd what was the cxcees of ballots In the box over nanics on Lhe poll Nst, the ballots, all still unfolded, were returned to the box, and one of the managers or clerk drow vut and destroyod a number of ballots equal to the atnount of the excess. ‘The monazers and clerk, belng -all Democrats at each pull, managed, of courae, to drow out_ilepubcivon tikets tnustly. As the tlasue ballots wero very essily distingulstied by the touch, very few ol thiem wers drawn out, the [wunu who did the drawings luvarfably teell mi for the large Republican tickets. Every Republican ticket drawn out was oot only s Tepublican vote loat, but, as a tissue ticket was allowed to romaln and be counted i its place, 1t added one to the Democratic vote. so that at every poll whero 100 Republican tickets wero drawn out the Republican voiw was reduced to that extent aud the Demucratic vote lucrensed to the same cxtent, and & change of 200 votes thus mude In tho result. This was' the plan adooted, not only at_the country vrevincts in Charleston County, but at every precinct in Urangeburg Couuty, A BTARTLING RRCOILD, 1, upon onenln;i o ballot-box and counting tho votes thereln, 1t is ascertained that tno bal- lots fa the box are largely in excess of the num- ber of persons recorded os havinge voted, s not that fct sullicient proof that that ballot-box has been stufed with fruudutent ballotal And yot those who clalim tbat wo fraud was commit- ied 10 this district know tull well that st the {ollowing polls in Churleston County, autsido of the limits of tho clity, in Eguumwe of tho plau I bave Just deseribed, the ballots (o ths box ex- ceeded tho pames on tho potl-lists of the man- ers 1o the extent stated below: At Mount Pleasaut the number of natnes on the poll-list was 8203 the number of Lallots fn the box 1,104, or ou exvess of 51t AL thu Thirty-two Mile House the number of naies o the poll-list was 5105 the number of ualfots fu the box B, or au exvess of Bil. At Hendurson's Store the number of names on the poll-list was 194; the uumber ol ballots {u the Lox 24, or an excess of 75 At the Tweuty-twa Mile Houss the number of names on the poll-llst was (043 the number of ballots I tho bux B34, or an excess of 230, At Cooper's 8tore the nnimber of uam 2873 the number of ballots an in 4 At Ihekory Bend the number of names on the voll-list was I20; the numver of ballots in the vox 301, or nn exeess of 02 ! At Btrawberry Ferry the number of names on the tho poli-list was 6115 the number of ballots fn ‘ml U0, or an excess of 125, i number of names on the poll- 3 the number of ballots fn the bux 612, or an exe of 10, Not one ul the Democratic managers at any of the ‘m"l shove named wilt deny that the tllota in the box cxcecded the uames on the poll-list to the extent wbove stated. [n conse- quence of the cxeess thus created by stuflieg the hallot-boxes at tho ahove mentloned polls, anumber of baliots corresponding with the excess at each poll wore drawn out and de- etroyed, REPUDLICAN TICKETS DRAWN 00T, A o Lissus tickel took the pluce of cach Re- publlean bailot drawn out, how many votes the Bemoerats gained and how many the Republie- ans lost by this operation will bo scen by the number of Repubitican tickets drawn out and destroyed at vacht one of the sbuved-named polly, ~'The numbier of Repubilcan tickets drawn out at each ony_of thuse polls is as follows: Mount l'lunnm‘ 4723 Thirty-two Mile flouse, tonderson's store, 781 ‘I'weutv-two Mile 405 Strawberry Ferry, 103 Ntepbens, about 80, Muking a total of to which uxtent the iepublican vore ot these palls was educed, whila the Democrutic votos was fncreased to tho guve a Hepublican mojority of 1,088 were, by this process of stutlluig tho box with tissue tick- [ el tivn drawlog out Republlcan tickots, ro- ned as having cust 553 Demoeratie majority. jority of 4,500 i thu couniry precincts of Cnarfeston County reduced to 1,573, and by the wane svetem of Iratds o Bepubitean {‘;rnv in Orangeburg County transformed fnto utie THHE CHARLESTON COUNTY VOTR, As an srizumunt b fayor of the fair ¢lection Mr, O'Counor refers to tho Inct that tho vntire vote of Cha over 500 votes,—the exact number is trus thut fu this county the yote returned is i3 less than it was fu I431; but, i to tho votes re- turned bo udded N1 votes actually cost at the becuuse of tha destruction of the ballot-box, we ind that th vote of 1578 exceods that of 1876 Ly 850, notwitbstanding the facy tbat the poll- tog-pluces n many localitics had beey aboilshed, their ballots, snd that the totsl uumber of polls had been reduced trom dfiy-tive to thir- ty-two, or ucarly oue-hall. Moreover, on KEdisto Jsland, “which ususlly cast pot although the voters remutned around the polliog- place uearly all day awallivg the arrival of the wmuagers. Had this poll been vpened, un it ouglt to have been, the vote this y¢ar would with twenty-three polling-pluces abolisned and oue ot opcued and tho voles ut cuother not counted, the County of Charleston coutd pull ths year within ive bundred votes of the nuw- 1s needed that fraud must have bcen comnnitted 10 Uriuz about such & result! Yet tho country 13 asked to belfeve that the fruuds charged tn 1his county were ucver pervetrated, becutise us polls—wany of them sltua ten, filteou, sud tweuty wiics from the resldences Of the votars —88 Were cust (WO years o st fity-tive polis, »0 situated os to aliow every voter an obporiu- sonabile distan e, OUTItAGROUS LEGISLATIVE MANIFULATION. In thls cnuection 1 cannot refrain from no- tielng Mr. O’Counor’s attempt to deleat the vut- ‘Houss, 1; Couper's store, 88 Hicknry Bend, sume extent, and these cight polls, which really ‘ly suich frauda as these was a Republican wa- ocratic majority. uressman this year was Wastlngton englne-hauso poll aud not counted und the voters left without a place to cast Jess thau 85U votes, the poll was uot opened, bave exceeded thut of 1870 by over 1,200. 1P Ler cast two yuars ugo, what strouger evidencs wuny votes were returoed this yeor from thrty mty tu cast his ballot without walklug au uurea- Tegeous st O the Legisluture by wuich Lo . INGTON, Jau. voting_precineta {n this county weee rednced frum filty-five to thirty-two, compelling the votera in most casen to makn a rot iourncy of ten, twenty, and thirty miles, and in some instancea of even forty miles. = This act Mr. O'Connor undertakes to justify by a series of agsertfons which, upon axamination, he wiil find 1t utterly impossibie to snbetantiate, Referring to an act passed by the Ropublican Legislature 1n 1875 designating the voting-precinctsthrough- out the Siate, and by which 0fty-flyn® werc named for the County of Charleston, he says, “Tiyis act Jargelylincreased the precinzts an pre- vlonaly existing, and the change by this law augmented the namber largely.” Thia In " meither true In relatian’ to tho state por in regard to Charleston County, P'revious to the passage of that nct the polliniz places in each county were designated at each succesalye election by the Conmissioners of Electlon, In whom the authority was vested, and although they generally designated from year to year the same polling-places, yet the Leglalature decemed fL more prudent Lo deprive tucm of that power by catablishiug by Jaw the votinz-places 1o each county, and this act of the lemsiature desigusted, with a few unimportant changes, the same polllug-places as hnd existed for years previous. In Charleston County the fitty-five polling-places desfznated by the act’ are cxactly the same ax thoss “whiclh cxisted fu 1634, exceptions, two old polling-places bhelnx abol- ished and three new ones catablished, an in- crease of one only over the number cxleting previous Lo the passage of thoact. This act of 875, which almply designated by law the poli- inz places which ‘previously oxisted by usage, Mr. O'Connor “charges was intended by the 44 Madival leaders® wo affond the amplest “faciii- ties tothelr followers fur repeating,” and there- fore 04 s00n a8 Lhe Demucrats gut possession of the Legislaturs they passed the act af 1873, walch, ho savs, ‘‘reduced the voting-precincts throughout the State, and desiznated for Charleston County, exclusive ol the eity, twenty-two, and for the city eleven, making to- gether thirty-three, with three TR ING-PLACES. Boevause the act of 1878 rediced the yoting- rectnets tn Charleaton, Mr. O'Connorhas taken ¢ fo. granted that the aet reduced the number throughont the whole 8iate, 11l he examined the two scts before writlug his letter ho would have found that while the uct of the Demacratic Leginlature reduced the - votlng-precincts in the Jurge Republican Countiva of Charleaton, Beaufort, Orangeburz and Colleton, yet It 1 creased the polling-places (n seventeen other counties, and left the whole number only six lcss thav was fixed by the previous act, Either the Demucratic Lerslature did not concur in the oplnfon that tho act of 1875 afforded the ampleat facilitics for repeating, or else they concluded that the facilitics for repeating in certaln countfes were not suflicient, and they, therefore, while apolishing forty-sic precincts, mostly in the four conntics jusf namcd, estab- 1istied forty new ones for tha purpose of aiford- ing their Tollowers additioual facilities for re- peating. ‘The fact that one-hall of the Poll.q abolished aro fo Charleston County shows plajnly that the maiu object of tho Legisiatura wus o strike at the Republican votes of the largeat Kepublican county In the Btato l?' Ioc:\uu‘.i the polis thero s0 a8 to virtually dlstranchiss hundreds of. col- ored voters. For mot only did this new -act abollsh numerous ‘polls which Lad existed for tem years, but it located others boyond the reach of those votera for whom they were Intended, aud even left some locallties without any polls whatever,—tor, jnstauee, 8t. Andruw’s, on tho main. Thismuch have I deemed necessary to say in reply to Mr, O'Connor's chatnplonship of " this dfsgraceiul ?Iecu of legislation, by uppostug which the Hou. o B, Campbell, Democratie 3enntor from this county, fncurred the bitter hoatliity of his own party. APPARENTLY UNANSWERADLE PACTY. I have devoted so much space to the frauds In Chnrleston County that I am compelled to refer very hriefly to those in Omngebung County, where the system sdopted wan tae eaine na that employed to change the resuit in the count precinets of Charleston County, and which havae aiready described fn another part of this -letter, 'The number/ of ballots found in the boxes Invariably excedded the number of nancs of voters recorded dn the poli-list, o8 will be scen by a glance at the flzures at eleven out of the ninetecn potls in'that county, as follows: No. of nases vn No,af bal- Erces o poli-liat re- lolsfound ~ batlols i . corded s hav- L the ing roted. tor, Orangetmrg O.H..c0 3,110 1,418 hranchvil L8 I 3 1,538 Theso Szures even the Democratic managers af etections will not deny, Doces i1, therelore, require ooy additionsl evhlenco to satlsfy the country that frauds were comnitted at fheso eleven polls, where the ballots {o the boxes ex- ceeded tho names on the poll-ilst by over one- thirdi - 1f proof is necded as to who ommitted the fraude, it will bo found in the fuct that at eoch one aof these pulls all the inaungers were Demovrats, that in each ona of thess boxes small tinsue tickets, bearing the pumes of the Daomocratlo candidates, wero found in numbers about equel to the amount of the excess, aod that, in druwine ont tlckets so as to reduce the number of bullots to tus number of naues on tire pull-list, the manacers invarably drew out = majority of Republlean tickets, " in regard 1o the remainiog elght polls in Oranveburs County, the samo atato of facts existed at nearly all_of them. In Clarendon County, though a different method was ndonted, frauda equally as shameless were cummitted, though not on sogreat a scale, as the votsof that county not very large; still the irauds wero sulliclent to trunsfurin a Republican ma- Jurity into o Democratie mojority. But it is unnccessary to dissect them, as, 1 think, 1 e stated facts enongh to conviaie the tivat q;uml person that the charges of fraud in record to tho late election in this Con- eressiunal District aro nut bascless fabrications, ‘I'hiese churgzes cannot be met by gencral denlals or cvastve explanations. 1t will nou ao to say that the clection here wus “the most quict, peaceable, and orderly ever held,” Whether or not it was quict, peaceahle, and onlerly, Is a watter ot no impartsnes 10 (his counectlon. Admitting, for the sake of wrzument, that it was, It 1% 1o unswes Lo the charge that gross frauds were commisted. Respeeitully, E. W. M. Maciev. +Intneact there s slight orror. While fixing the number at ufty-reven only dfty-fAive are desly- nated by wame. ‘The lstter 14 the number actuslly «stablisned by the act. COLORADO PATTERSON. The Chuege of Republicin ¥rauds In Colo- radu Auswored In & Way to Make Pattorson Grap for Breath, L Teleyravh to New York Tridune, WanisaroN, Jan, 2,—The general tone of comment upou Scnator Thurman's letter to the Yotter Committee fs thnt it is polutless and thiu, especially in comparison with the prompt reepunse of Benator Blulne. Ancffort has been made from another guarter, howeser, Lo bolster up the Hemocratie oud of tho coutroversy, and furnish something tangible in the way of Ie- publlean outrages, ta divert public attention from the ludicrons fallures to uuearth anyching fn New York or Maseachusetty. Represent. ative Patterson, of Colorado. the member of the House wliom po ono ussumes to bellevs was uver olocted to 1t, publisied in this morning’s Post & letter addressed to Senator Teller, lo which charges of intimidation and bribery ln wholesale proportions are brought against the Jtepubllcans of Colorado. It wus suppesed that the Bub-Comuniittes would leave to~dsy for the South, and the publicatlon of Mr. Patterson's letter waa Umed 80 us to give no upportunity for w roply, while at the same thne furnishinig materfal for a Democratic attack lu the rear during Mr, Teller's absence. The tenor ol tho letter can be gathered from the following, :vnu:n was bhanded to Mr. Pattersou this even- og: , MR, PATTEHSON TIHOKOUGHLY SAT NOWN ON. Unitep States Bswate Cuaxurs, Wasi- 570, —The Mun. Thomas I, d'atterson, Housa of e tatives, Washingtow, D. C—Dian Bin: 1 haveyour letter of the Blat ult., on thy recent clectlon fn Colorado, cau but think you have prepared this letter as .lurumhluF 8 reasunable excuse to your friends outside of Colorado for your defeat ut thelag elecilon, und your suzlety to rush into vriut with it Is pretty good prool of this view of the case, Your charges aro 6o far from the truth that you canuut expect to make people belluve thens, much less to prove them. You suy that thirty-six Deouty-Sherllfs wes appointed in the City of Deaver.” I this is (anat I know notning ot tuls except what 1s talned 10 your letler) thero e Iz of those Deputies at vach poll in s containing sbout - 35,000 people. The voters In Colorade ot Luth political parties sra composed of actlyy, fnteliizent, aul uzeressivo wew, and I think it 1% sufc 1o sy that in no other Btate fn the Unlon can there be found a greater propurtion of self- Fellant aud courdgeous wen thun n Colorado; und Isuppose you will clalm that tho Demo- cruzic party has its proper portlou of that cluss of meo, which Isball uot deny, Unliky somuy 3 other States, we have very few of the? men whose spirit has been broken by years of hond- agze, sod what few we Denocratlc ticket. hava do not Yota the Is [t possible you mean o say that the intelll- gent Democrats of Denver City were frizhichad from the excrcisc ot the dearcst right of eltlzen- sulp by the presence of at A poll with the very aix Deptity 8herifls slznfficant and atortiing words atross their treasts “'Derury Bheriff Yon know that any atlempt op the rlr'. of the deputies to have interfered with shn ezmi ynters wonld have called down on thejr healds tne indignation not only of Democrats tnt Republicans. The assertion that any Demo- crats who were legall: such means detorred from entitied to vote ween hy voting, is a sisnder on the Demorracy ot Colorado, who know thele righta” as well as any other peapin under tho sun, and dare to maintaln them. You know very well that the X)e?mv 8herilla were only o terror to the wen Iriends from \V{mnmzw You say tha victory by glaring frauds, imported Ly your politicat vote in Nenver. the ' Hopublicans gatned the the profilmate usn of maoney, aind intimjdation of the most anpraved Boutliern type.”” Do you: mesn to say that In Colorado, as it Is alleged fn many of the 8outh- ern States, violence was resortéd to at an on election dar, or in any election! If you do, I'w coargze was® éver made, | any other Dentocrat, and noll voting preeinet befora 11l say that no such o my knowiedre, by vou_ cannot producs one tvitoess who wiil susiain- your assertion, You do not epecd fy nminos of “witnesses, and ou bave not—as has heen the cass from the outh—furnished me the named and dead, of the wonnded You deny my gsscrifon made in the Scnate as to tho usc of mnnc{ by In tutn charge on the the.Democracy. and vou Itepublicans the use of mouey In varfous counties . n thé Btate. I anp- Pune you will not deny the puichase of a w.-znb- fean nowspaper at a ‘coat br $30.000, to take it tha Democratic arzran of the. verty, ‘It was o matter of public notoriety candidates wers spending that the Democratic a large amount of muney, and the Recky Mounta'n News, the organ of the party. frequently tnunted the Républican Committes with its poverty,. and the Cha'r- man of your 3tate Committes ia . charged with paying out mooey in the southern part of Cojorado with a recklesaness never’ be- fora exhiblted in Coloradn; snd ‘unles yon are slandercd you had some personal knowl- wdge of tho expenditure of money. . As to the depletion of the ralirond tressury, that will be a mutter of examination - quite as soon as you and §our politlcal frierdds will rare to Inquirs into ir. ne_Repnbifcans of Colorado arvquite willlog 0 affol you every opportunity to prove tho charges you have made of the proflizate use of money, and, for myself, I will say, sa far as Ian fuformed, ther are with out foundation. As to thy statement that one rallroad compauy farced (ts emnployes to vote the Republican ticket, 1 can unlyany I donot believe the charge, und ¢ {s unsupported hy auy evidence, and you do not even ive me the uanie of the company, As to the mine nnd mill owners of the moun- taln counties demanding that thelr cmployes should Yote the Republican ticket, 1t 1s without. o particle of truth, and s i keoping with your usscrtions Lhat intimidation was practiced at the Denver polls. In a community where every mun cau find emplovment at “remuperative wages, it [s not fn the power of mill rnd minc ownera thus to coerce thelr employes; and L will say, to the credit of uwners, IL was not attempt the mill” and mine cd, and {f it had been atterupted the Intolligent miners of Cnlorado, who aro unllko tha negroes of the Bouth, wonld bavo treated the attempts with tho contempt they deserve. Buch coereton I8 impossitle in =& community where the political parties nre nearly equal iu numecrical strength, jutelli- gence, and wealth, Beal the most fnfluential ownera are Democrats many ot nd il supported des, very mine “a and - the Democratic ticket st the lsst election. Your attompt to make laborers In the mines aud mills of It appear that the . Colorado aro soanxtous to keep thelr places that they witk allow thelr emplovers to dictatato them how they shall yote displaya great Ignorance an your port of tho character ol that class of our peo- plejand I ais confidont they will appreclate your ufforts to_disgrace them fore tho whole congtry by such false charges. - You say you to not request this Jnvest{zation to reduce the reuresentatives of Colorado on tho floor of the iouse, as to but oue member and we cannot well aov part of Bosmall o numbear. that Colorado has but one our State Is entlried are 18m ‘aware member on the floor of the House, aud I am not unmindful of- the fact that. tho privilego aecorded 10 the peopla by the Conslitution and law of selecting tho person to rujresent of the Houso was people of Colorade, nnd thom ou tha floor denfed * to the tust s Democratic Iiousc, by & majority of one,” gare you'h seat, which you tl hold, when you bad recefved buf. about “one-tentu of tho votu of tha State, and .that without the furms of 1 ow, 1can but think vour anxlety to charge fraud on the Repuhtic- ans and cowsrdico ou the Domocrais of- Col- worado wmieht be attributed to the Inct that the people at the late election by so slenificant o vote declored you were not thelr choice for the poalifon you occupy, and that, too, lu s canm- volgn n which you declared in your opening speeeh (o substance) that it was'a contest Lo deterwing whether you did or dld not righttully veenpy vour present pusitiun. You say you de- aire an {nvestigation of the charzes as | aw able to secure it adv so far You shall have evvry apportunity to wprove your charges, but yon caunot, by maklug charges of tho clisracter you have, divert tho atteatlon of thoe Committes from the work it upon ' through the appol has virtually eantored ntnient of ‘a ‘sub- committee,—~that fs, 1o sco what truth there may bo tn tho charges so often wade, that 1o w Inrge portion ol thu country Ropublican voters canot go to the polls without the fear of death boforu thelr eyes, ond thiat riak their lives their ballots fled by thelr moro active, breaklng datlou In the futinidution carried on tary companies with musketry, small arms, canuon, against people fgnorant and thintd, an litical opponents. w0 States by Deputy-Bheriffs placed amone peoplo every way thelr cquals, but u"u when they do thu ara stolen or null intullizont, acd law- It _is not intimi- by tno use of =nd a iy prepared 10 contest spainst - fierco and ag- Fr ve fuon, every way . th i respect for the law. helr superior, cxcept When thts Committee sholl hava 'disposed of this bran~li of ineas it wiil, T hoos, turn fts attention to other crhines azainst the ballot, and if my volce is of auy avall, tho jotimide- tlon of Democrats (o Colorada shall not Lu overs looked, "BREATHITT. M. TELLER. Tho Bloody Itecord of On Jacksox, Ky., Dee, 2%—70 the Editors Frankfort Yaomaa: Durlni o Kentueky Caunty, of the e the Rebellion the follnwing eitizens of this county wers killed by tho Home-Guara Alex Overbee, Jesso 8pencer, Lasson Noble, Wash Noble, Pleasant Davi {s, Ambrose Hollon, Joln Pence, Luke Woods, Jobn Chaney, John South, A, J. Bouth, Willlam Bouth, David Lit- tle, Pat Hounshell, John C. Litle, Renben Angel, Willlam Taulbee, Wayne Taulbee, and James Barnett. “when killed, Sinee the War the fol been killed, viz.: Robert L Wilsou Calliban, Jonn Aw! derson Amls, George C, All thesa wero private cltizens owlng persons have itle, William Moore, s, Alfred Awis, Ap- Huddly, Maoson Combs, Leo Mitler, Robert Overbee, Dump Chavey, Frank Lucas, Curids Jett, Jr., Logsn Cockrill, Juhn Malone, Dantel Fieeman, Witliam Haruts, Bunon ) tollon, Willlsm Led- ford, Muthew Back, — Rohetts, Willlam Miller, Ramuel Mays, ‘I' J. Little, J. W. Bar- nett, und Angelina Littie, the womsn who was murdered by her husband, The followiue have Leen wuunded: Jonn Ureen, Jere Little, fliram Jott, James Cockrill, James Jr, Buck Ricbard ~ Btrong, Henry le{. Robert Amis, Frazler, Ldttle, Jenniv Doling, ford, and Jobn Al Total killed onsd, W M, Col Harvey Willtam Dauel, C. O, Cardwell, Thomas Bewoll, nibs, Willlam Littie, Pox, bavia Viers, Willlum Freemuu, Jamnes Holton, Btrong, Bamuel I Williatn 8mith, Jack Hargis, Thowas J. Hawary Gross, Juhn Led- uls. duriog the War, 10; total kitled sloco thu War, 46; total killed duriug aud since the War, 4. Waounded siuce the War, Notwitbstandlog all this crime snd been hung or sent to the Peu- slied, not oue has thirty. : blood- {tentiary from this county for any of these crimnes. But three persans have been sent to the pent- tentlary since the War,—on for grand lareen e for sreon aad two ¥r ‘Thiu Magistratcs, Sberifls. Grand Jurors, Con- stables, cte., ahl drink, curse, dght, dance, play curdy, and violate the Jaws lu varlous other ways, towcthor, but pever steal, exvapt what 1gtle they fich from the Commonwealil. ‘foy kaaw Do law excent that coucernloz concealed weapons and tippling-bouses, sod thoy are pertection lrelf In tuese, - “I'be ulticers never think of onforcing tha law § against drunkenuess, profaus swoaring, o bris Lery ln electivns, ———— Bcarlot.Fever lu New York, The New York Tribune of Friday ul'x 1 et edfiorfally; diphitheriu fo the ¢i encral alaru, 13 8 care sguinst coniagion a pul vate duty, fever Wers Feport y whil cember, aud more than balt were reposted yosterday,! h as to e spread ol scarlet-fuver a le it uecd uot cause make the utnioet blic as well as a ori- Eighty-tive pew cases of scariot- 1u tbe last three days of Dee of that uuaber \