Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 24, 1878, Page 4

. connection with the nows that Yakoon Kuan *to opply THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1878, Thye Trilbane, TERMS OF 8UBSCRIPTION. T MAIL—IN ADVA el Tittan, one year, Paris ata geat Dt mon Bunday R dition: Titerary aw fic STAOE mrr,\,!‘b. 00 WRRKLY EDITION, TOSTPAID. Fpectmen coples sent frea. Give Post-Uniice sddress {n fnll, fncluding Btate and County. Remitancesmoy temads etther by draft. express Tost-Office orier, or In registered foticr, at our ridk. TENMA TO CITY SUNSCRID. Tafly, dellsered, funday excepted, 25 cents per week Daily, delivered, Bunday fneludel, Shcents per weok. Aadrers TIE TRINUNE COMPANY, Corner Mediron and Dearborn-si., Chicago, Nl Crdcrs 108 the delfvery of Tz TainUxe st Evanston, Englewood, and Iyde Farx left fa the counting-room Wilizcecive promyt attention. ey TRIBUNE BRANCII OFFICES, 1% Cnicaco TRIDUNE lias establlahed branch offices or the recelpt of hubscriptions aind sdvertisements as ollows; NEW YORK~TRoom 29 Trioune Buflding. F.T.Mo- avpEN, Manager, France—Yo. 16 Rue dela Grange-Batellere, LT, Astnt, ng.~American Exchangs, 449 Strand. Hrary ¥. GILLiG, AReDt. &AN FRANCISCO, " AMUSEMENTS, AMcVieker’s Thentre. adieon strent.between Dearborn and S1stf anat the Povple,” and ** That Diessed Dal Tiaverly’s Theatre, Deatbarn atrect, corner of Monroe. Engagement of Mr. snd $fre. Willlsmson, **struck OL." Ilooley’s Theatre. tolch streer, bt Clark and LaSslte, Ea- ent of Migs Fanny Davenport, **Pigue.” £ax Academy of Mdsie. Tialsted street, between Madlson and Monroe, Va« tlety entersaiment. Itam)in's Thestre. et, opposite the Court-House, Carmen.® “*The Af- Metropolitan Theatre. Clark street, oprosite Sherman House, teriatnunen ‘Varlety en- Arts Na. 63 Washington street. Losn Exhibltion of the Clleago Soclety af Decoratire Art. Dy and evenlog. Went End Opera-House, Scenen in Memnertem, by Prof, Cafpenter. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1878, Interruption of trafic through the deten- tion of railway traing has been quite gen- erally cansed throughout tho East and West \r tho extremie cold nud accompauying 3CATY ANOWA. An extended interchange of viows regard- {ng the legislation in which Cook County is intcrested, more particularly the subject of nxation, took place yeaterdsy at s confer- enco botwoen tho members-clect of the Log- islature and a number of prominent citizens. Tho remarks of the gantlemen participating nro reported at considsrable length elses where in this paper, Some very interenting reading on the sub- jeet of the Iilinois Sonatorinl contost will be tound in our columus this morning. The Ifon. C. B. Farwern bas ovidently con- cilded that the proper lime for him to be liemid from hns arrived, nud ns ho is not givan to *interviowing "™ on slight provoen- tion, his remarks in this connection are qnito certain to attract attention, Twenly, thousand dollars’ worth of toys wero recently stolen from a firn in Montreal. ffhe opeation of (be littla boys, whom * Benutor ™ Bos Tlart was rotained to defond on n chargo of stealing Rock Ialand freight- curs, 04 well as the folonious and clandestine retmoval of such trifles ns dwelling-houses aud poassenger-dopats, must Lencoforth taks rauk a9 minor jubs by the side of the bulky burglary of theso Canada youugsters, Ono of tho British Columns in Afghanis- {au ling reachied Jelalabed, and entered that city without opposition. This, taken in has been proclaimed Chief by one of the most powerful Afghan tribes, and that the Commandant at Candabar has notified the Amoer that all further reslstance to the Dritish would be futile, shows that tho Totentate of Cobul biag at the present time very small backing for his royal claits, Commissiouer Iaux will nak Congress for an increaso of 976,000 in the appropriation for the cxpenso of collocting the internal sevenne, and will show conclusively that mouey cxpouded in this direction is » most profitable investment for.ihe Governmont. 13y tho aid of thoe incrensed appropristion hie will bo able to matorially swell the reveuue callactions in distriets whore illicit distilling hns nerotofore flourished, and whero the rigid enforcement of the law will yicld the Ciovernmont & handsome profit, —_— Dr. C. O. O'Dosnerr, of Ban Franolsco, Lias had & rather discouraging experlonce in seekiug the bubble vindication even in & libel suiy Ie had been denounced ns an wbortionist by the Chronicle, aud brought wuit for damages, in which Le was not only not successful fin obtaining a verdict, but sufered tho additional calamity of baving Liis suit disinissed by the Court on the gronnd thut the evidonco established the truth of tus chorgs sgainst him, and of belog handed over to the Grand Jury with a view to his fudiotment for murder, ——— ‘fho New England Hociety of Rew York City lust ovening sat down to its customary unnual dinger in commemoration of Fore- futhicrs-Day. That there was o goodly feast of reason may be inferred from thae fact that scveral of the wost promireut men of the country i politics, letters, and religion were present to gracothe festive board. Apparently the happlest mau of the cowpany was Beo- retary Burnaiay, who painted iu rosoate Lues the blessings to result from resumption just ubout to duwn, ond at the same time gave thy reprosentatives of Wall street presont o Lit of souud advice which will serve thsm Jrotitully if thoy follow bis instructions. ‘Alio Democrats in Cougress still have the power o delay, it not to altogether obstruct, the election-frauds juvestigation provided for in the Draixg resolution, and it i prob. sbly that the opportunity will be improved Ly opening up au extended debste in the Houne, where a large uumber of Bouthern nictubers ury no doubt anxious to repel with coru tbe imputstion that frauds were com- anitted in their respective "districts. By the clsvye, sccidental or olherwise, of a single vordin the bill passed st the lust wession, thie appropriation of §20,000 for the expenscs of the Beuaty juvestigation {5 made ouly to matters connectsd with the Presidentinl election of 1576, sud canuot be used 1o carry out tho provis- jous of the Brak resolation, waich relato tothe Cougressional elections of 1578, It wiil thercforo be necessary to pass another appropriation to enablo the Senate Specinl Cotmmitteo ta go on with its work, and the conanrrence of the House is essentinl. The Demoerats in that body will be bardly will- ing to tako tho responsibility of suppressing the investigation throngh a refusal to pass the appropriation, but they can delay mat- ters Ly ontering upon A debate that is not needed and that will interfers with legisla. tion that is noeded, It the House Demo- crats are wise, they will correct the errorin the appropriation for the Benate Special Committeo with na little loss of timo and as faw words as possible, S————— The black haleyon of buman ferocity which sank in Paris with Trorexax to rise successivaly in Philadclphia with Pronst, in Kaneas with the Bexpens, and in Vincennes with Propisco, hss now with but a brief intorlapse of timo reappeared in the bratal peraon of Ricmanps, caplured Saturday in Mt, Pleasant, 0., whither he had flown from Kearney, Neb., tho scena of his murdors, He relates with unmatural fraskness how he killed fist ono neighbor, then an- other, still another, and how, thoreafter, it became convenient for him to bntcher an unprotected fomily consisting of s hard- working woman and her threa ohildren. This monster passed Wednesday or Thursday last, and that fact alone is sufliofont to cause n shudder amongst us, through Chicago Southern municipal bonds will searcely be any more favorite investment with capital- iats in the foture than Southern State securi- tics. Four of the privcipal cities of the Sonth—New Orlenns, Bavannah, Momphis, and Charleston—bave cither succeeded in “gealing® their indebtedness or are now forcing the holdors of the bonds to compro- " miso under an impliod threat that they will otlierwise get nothing at all. Memphls be- gan the ““senling” process about two yoars ngo, but Lins ouly succesded in compromis- ing £2,000,000 on a basis of G0 per cent, and now the city proposes to appeal to tho Legis- latnre forfeit ‘the municipal tho city in tho hsnds of a Recelver. It sonnds rather strangely to hear nowspapoers like tho New Orleans Times pratoof * s set of avaricious creditors,” and their “selfish ob- duracy " in refusing to submit to a forfeiture of ono-half their olaims. It {8 ratifer stralu- ing the quality of patriotism to ask men to forego the payment of money loaned in good faith that it would be repaid ; but we have no doubt these citios aro in o desperate condition, and the holders of the bonds may find that, as & business proposition, it will be bettar for themn to submit to the terms proposed than to 100k to the liquidation of municipnl nssots, for relief. It is- proposed to charter and place THE LIOENSE SY3TEM OF TAXATION, Mr. Jauzs P, Roor revives tlie suggestion which comes up from time to time that the State of Illinois shall raise its revouues by s system of licenses in lieu of the prevailing system of assessing and taxing real ostate ond persanal property. Mr. Roor is probably correct jn Lis opinion that tho Constitution nuthorizes tho change he proposes, and it is truo that many persons have looked forward to tha trial of the license syatem with n good den? of {ntorest and hopofulness, Nevorthe- less & mntureconsidoration of the matter sug- geats many objections to the experiment. "The eriticlsin we would make on Mr. Roor's proposition is that tho reasous he gives for abandoning the present method of taxalion aro not strong enough to warrant a chauge which may bring with it many embarrass- mounts nnd ovils, Alr. Roor objecta to the present system, bocanse of the annual strifo in the State Re. turning Board and the frequent inequalitios of ita professed equalization ; because that Board i{s waintained at'n coat of 25,000 a yeor; and becauso there is ususlly a bus of 15 per cant in cost of colleotion, defalcations, and tax-fightlog. prasent system may bo corrected by proper legislation withont abandoning it. costof 35,000 for the Htate Board is jnsig- mificant if that Board {e a usefal inatitution, as it is on many ncconnts. sary that there should be anuusl rosssoss. ments of the real estato, which ungdoubtedly fnvolve a serious eost and muoch fnjustico, It bas boen found in othor Siates that o valuation of roalrostate once every five years is foir and satisfactory. pricea during tho last few years {s altogether excptional, and as nrule 1t is not eusential that a reassesament should be made so ofton as once every year iu order to insure uni- formity, Tho rovaluation of personal prop- erty overy yesr can be simplified and fucili. tated by prescriblug averngos on horses, cattle, oto., to which the assossors must make thelr aggrogates conform in ordor to compel all the counties to pay in fair pro- portion without annnal equalization. Nor can it be admitted that the present cost of collection and losses by non-payment of taxes would be saved by the proposed chango; tho psyment of taxes camsbe en. forced by better laws, and the cost of col. But the abuses of the The 1t is not nocos. Tho revolutiou in lection under the new system would be intrinsically the same to tha people at large, since all tho proscut machinery would ueed to be retained for tho colloction of county aund municipal taxes. Of all tho taxation raiked in the Btate, less thun 20 por cout is for Btate ravenue, and tho other 80 per cont would still bo assessed sud collec cording td Mr, Roors proposition, snving, then, would be scaraely appreciable. As to B0 per ceut of the entire smount there would remain the same costly machinery that i now kipt up, there would be the same danger of ombezzlement ns now exiats, sud there would be just ss much resistance in under the present system, ac- The tho courts to paymont of local taxes so long 84 tho laws should comaln unchsuged in other respocts, It is also donbtful whelher the license wystems would sconre w0 much uaiformity in the payment of State taxes as we now lhave; adirect tax on auctioneors, brokevs, merchants, commission-men, show- wien, saloou-keepers, aud &0 on, would wake Clicago and tho of large citivs aud towni vay more than their proper shars of the Btate taxes. Jut thoro is oue feature of the preseut system usged as an objection by Mr. Roor which is really a powerful vouson for adherivg to it Wa ro. fer to the tendency in every county to keep the valuation low in order to esoapo with as small a proportion of the Btate taxation as possible. If this induce- ment wero removed, wo foar that the constitu. tivual limitations on local tuxation and dubts would uo longer be of thebencsit to the peo- ple that thoy have heretofore proved to be, Under the Coustitution, county taxatiun i limlted to 75 ceuts on $100, and the dubta of cities and counticd to & per cent of the total vuluation. As the Btato rovenus is now raised, it is to the advautage of every county to koep the valuation low, aud the poople #4vo iu proportion in the watter of local tax. ation ; but, if there were no longer anything year just olosivg, to discriminate against Obi- ta bo gnined by making a low valnation, thero 1n little donbt that the offlcinl class would quickly run it np to the highest figuro for tha purpose of horrowing more moncy and raising mora taxes, 1t s not unlikely that, under tho now order of things, the valuation of property in Cook Connty would, in a fow years, bo run up to £300,000,000, of which $450,000,000 would bo crodited to Chicago, This wonld enable the Connty Board to more than donble the taxes of the county, and a wastefal or corrupt City Government conld then increase the bonded debt of Chicago to $22.500,000, It will be advisablo to retain the present Btate system, if only Lo guard against such a con-' tingency as this. There was one suggestion in Mz, Roor's communioation which might commend itself to the Legislature, A tax on the gross re- ceipta of the 1ailronds of 8 or 4 per cent, ns- sessod and colleoted just as tho & per cent on the gross recolpts of the Illinofs Central Road are now assessed and collected, would be a fair, equitable, aud frnitfal revenue messure. It is only by taxing tho groes ro- ceipts that the full amonnt of taxation can be collacted in all cases, and this wonld be collected by the railroads from the people in very fair proportion, for every man patronizos the railroads in one way or another, according to the extont of Lia business There are soma objfections even to this singla appliention of the privi- lego granted by the Constitution for taxing bosiness pursnits, but they are fewer and less serious than thoss which may be urged ngainst n goneral license systom. It is mot likely, however, that the Logislature will try any experiment in the direction Indicatod by Mr. Ttoor, and it js muoh more dosirable that it shonld provide some improvements in the Inws for the collection of taxes utder the prevalling ‘systom, CHICAGO'S BILL In the report of an interview with Oon- grossman BagxTaxo, that statesman, among other thlugs, gave his reasons for voting agolust the Reaaax bill, rogulating fater. State commeree, as follows: ‘The members from Chicigo held & conenltation About the position they should tuke n regard to that bill, and we camo (o the conclusion taat it Jogked very suspicious that the rasllronds did not ‘make any eiforts to prevent the passage of tha bill, whict scemed ta_ be ostensibiy uzainet their inter- eot. The provielons of that bill made an end 10 all competition among ratlrosus, and allowed them to make such Fatew 88 ey chosa, “The provision thet Digher ratos should notbe charged to & nearer fou than & farther one wauld havo he tendency to ncrease immeasurably the through rates between the principal Western cities and Eastern aeabonrds, and therefore injure the shivp/ug and commercial futercsta of Chicago, which are dopendent entarely on favorable through rates, We coneidered this suthcient reason 1o vote agatnat the oill, which seemed to ue 10 be mors In the favor ef milronds thun of the people, for whose rolief, it ia clalmed, it was introduced. Weo will not suggest the hlstorical meeting of the three gentlomen of Tooley strect as furnishing a precedont for this caucus of the threo Congressmen from Chicago ; tho rea- son given for not supporting the DLill, that no one was offering to purchase votes ngalnst it, would, however, have given increasod dig- nity to the protest of the London artists biad they only thonght of it. There belng no persons in the lobby offering rewards for votes for the bill, honce the absence of bribery ouglt to have had as much effact on one side ns on the other. The Interpretation placed on the bill by Messrs, Buextano, Aunricd, aud Hamnison is, s stated by Mr, Brextaxo, most illog- feal, Itis: 1, That railroads boing prohibited by the bill from combinations to make rates on all rondd uniform, and each road being freo to mnko Its own rates, uncontroiled by any combination, nud prohibited from sharing in any pooling of receipts with other ronds, ergo, vll cotnpotition ia put at an end, 2. Combina’lons, poolfug, rebatce, and all agraemonts botwoen rosds to establish snd maiutain uniform rates being prohibited, and ench rond compelled to run at such rates as will eunblo it to wecurs business, ergo, the bill was In the intorosts of the railrosds-and not in that of tha people. 3. That the ratlroads having combined duriugseoveral years, and espacially during tho cngo, and to carry trade away from this city, by establishing rates whoreby freight from 8t. Louis, Jows City, Kansas City, 81, Paal, Winona, aud Milwaukee, can be carried from avy of theso points to New York for less Dioney per ear, or por ton, than from Chi. cago, ergo, sny law to prolibit the ronds from demanding more for moving a car-lond of grain or cattle from Chicago to Now York than from 8t, Panl or Kansas City to New York ‘*must injuro the shipping and com- mercial interests of Ohicago, which are do- pendent cutirely on favorable through rates.” It will ba seen that thero are three pointa in the argument, aud, ss there wero threo Congressmen present, 1t {s but just to assume thot each man made one point; and as we are frco to admit that aach poiut {s as fully absurd as the others, it is uscless to attempt to fix the authorship of cither. T'he combluations by the roads running enst from the Missouri tiver, and hy the roads yunning in connection with these roads to tho Atlantio citics, hLave persistently directed their efforta to divort as much busl- ness from this clty as possible; they will carry freight from Now York to slmost auy point west of Chicago for less money than they wil) deliver 1t hers ; and thoy will de. liver freight from avy point west of Chil. cago at New York for loss than they will bring it from New York to Chicago; and these threo Cougressmen, having concltded that Chicago fs ‘‘dependent entirely ou fue vorable through ratea,” it was their duty as Congresamen uforesaid tos vote sgainst any bill which would broak up and prevent this discrimination sgainst Chicago, and prohibit the roads from exacting from this city greater rutes oni through business than from other points from 200 to 600 miles further awny, When grain is moved from Milwau. keo to New York at five conts per 100 pounds less than from Chicago to New York, then grain will be shipped to Milwaukee 1nstesd of to Chicago; aud our Congressmen, con- oluding that the business of this city is “*eutirvly dependent” on this * favoralle"” arrangement, voted promptly and indignant. ly against auy proposition to disturb it! When our revoluticnary fathers took up srms **pgainst tazution without representa- tion,” how keeuly they must have sntici. pated the blessing of intelligent represents- tion! 'The raflroad corporations iuncluded in the through lines have a General Commissioner, whose powers wmay bo said to be absolute, Ho establishos vates, forms combiuations, fizes tho classes of businesy to be done by the seversl rosds, aud declares the propor- tious of the pooled receiptsto be paid to each road. Without * pooling™ the combined receipts, no rilroad cowbiustion can stand au hour, This Comuissioner doos not uu- denitand the Rzacax bill as our Congress- wen seem Lo do. We pullished bis views of that bill in Tug Teisuse last Saturdsy, Hoe claiws that competition in ruilronding w fatel only the transfer bf ‘an ablization. to tha railronds, and that the only safely of railronds and of the conntry depends oncom- Lination and pooling of recoipts,andin giving the combined railroads the power by law to punish any railrond company for transport. ing freight at a rate less than that establishod s objection, as a railroad manager, to tho Reacaw bill is, that it prohibitscombinations and poolings, and maken every rond a com. petitor for business against all others, and compels it, in ordor to liva, to do business at Ly the managors of tho combination. whatover rates it can got. The Rzacax bill makoa competition genernl, and that road which can do bysiness at the lowest rato Instoad of willdo more than the others, goneral competition, madae necessary um- der the Rmsoay bill, he, as a rail rond manngor, insisted on n legally-recog- nized right of the companios to combine and (o establish rates, and to have Congress by law mako the rntes of the combination obligatory on all ronds, under penalties to be enforced by the courts. Becnuso this gon. tlaman did not go to Washington to oppose the ill, our Congressmen—nll three of them ~—reached the conclusion that he wes in favor of the bill, aud therefore they voted against it. . Fortunately, however, the caucus and the conclusions of the thrye Chicago members did not prevail. The bill passed without their votes, thore beiug a sufficient number of members who really undoratood the ne. cossity of Congressional logislation on the subjeot, and who, clearly comprohending tha purpose and effects of the bill, voted for it because it was wise, just, and necossary. —— GOLD BUOAROITY IN ENGLAND, The London market is seriously depressed by reason of the soaroity of gold, which in itself ia working a loss to producers, whose wares cannot be sold for tha cost of produc. tion. Tho loss of producing on & steadily Ialling market is most disnstrous, It com- pels tho manufaoturers to reduco the cost of production, and this unfortunately falls with crushing effect upon the wnges of Inbor. The employers seom reckless whether an an- nounced reduction of wages produces a striko or not. At tho worat, a strike can only sus- pend the oporation of the mills, and the sus- penaion of production is perhaps bettor than producing goods that cannot be sold for their cost, It is an opon question whether to go on producing al a loss or to stop work, The scarclty of gold and the exclusion of silver have had their natural effect, As gold advances in‘value the pricos of all commodi- tios and of all productions of labor daclines. A gold dollar will now purchnse 40 por cent more of the ordinary products of labor than it would purchose in 1878, All products therefors based on the value of gold in 1873 must now be sold at a loss, Ergland has been engineering this scheme of & general demonctization of silver with a view to make gold denr and scarce, but, in its practical re. sults, British indusiry is the moat badly punlshed viotim. Iimbor must decline in value aa that of gold advancos, and the British expootation that the gold of the world wonld all rush to London is not only a failure, but the world has mensurably sus. pended purchases in England becanse of the dearnesu of the gold and the impossibilily to get it. Tho Loudon market is, morcover, driven to expedients, which fndicato that n sorions goneral crosh is possible, Here in what a London paper says: The London Economist calls the attentlon of the Luninens pablic of London to the fact that the re- ! Xief experienced In te pending criste Dy the lare amount uf French gold availabie for removal to Lonuon s necesssrily only imporary. Tho low rates of Inferest in Paris cnabled England to draw frecly an Lis inimense store of Fronch oulllon; bus 1his, though 8 very great canvenionce, wus really 'The French oty placed un Lhglish sccuritics wilh one day Lave io retnrn to Franen, and prudence therofnre Tequitres that a caraful watch shauld be kept on the movenicnts of money bwlween Lhe two countries, as well as on the gencral course of business, ‘This is siguificant. It tells how the de- monatization of silver for the purpoge aof maling gold scarce ns money ia plagning the invontors. London is driven to discount bills in Paris to got a supply of gold to meot its cwrront demands. The reported addl- tious to the atock of gold in the London banks show only that 8o much gold has boen borrowed on short paper in Parls, In other words, it {s simply kitlng, As those bills fall due, the gold will have to be gent back to Paris, and tho loans afford only a tom. porary relief, The aotual scarcity of coin romaing the samo. Whon theso billa are to be pald, and the gold reshipped to Paris, what then? In the meantimo, the ordinary supply of gold is not finding its way to London, I.itish trade in overy direction is largely susponded. 'The returns in gold for exports have largely fallon off, and ot last the indispeusable azticlo of food to supply the Dritish population has to be pald for in gold, It s a quostion of endur. snce t how far the advance in gold can pro. gresa without & genoral financial dlsaster or s abandonment ot the polisy of demonotiz- ing silver. S SUGAR REVENUE THIEVES. 1t te almost impossiblo to convince Eastorn men that great frauds exist in the conduct of the busincss of tho Now York Oustom. ounse, In 18734, when importers were convicted by the score and millions of dgl- 1ars were recovered by the Government, the frauds were donied, and the law under which they wero discovercd way sotually repealed! During the last twelve months Bpeofal T'rens. ury Agents havo repeatedly charged the ex. Istonsco at the port of Now York of immurmse frauds in the clossification of sugar, 'Chey have couvinced the Becretary of the Treas- ury of the truth of these charges, and Lo hns rocommendod a revision of the tariff with a view to tho suppression of the frouds, But thiey have apparontly convinced nubody else at the East. In » late interview Mr. Davio A, WeLis says: “The position s token Dby wome (sugar refiners), who lave beon digappointed and ruined in tholr ventures that thove who have suc. Lobded have dono so through the agency of fraud, ete. . . . Thero s no foundation for such an nssertion and supposition,” In disputing the corrcotness of Br, Wers' concluslon, it I8 not necessary to question bis eutire good faith inarriviogatit. In common with other publio men of the Fast Mr, Werrs fiuds it fmpossible to credit the existence, among prowinent and respectable merchants, of a deliberate purpose to rob the Govermment by the most disgraceful forms of bribery aud corruption. Curiously enough, while Mr. Weris' interview (iu tho Now York World) was traveling Weatward by wail a telegraphic messsge passed it con- veying intelligence of the actual discovery sud exposure uf a perfect systew of gigantic suger frouds in oxlstoncs ot the port of Now York during the last six years,— frauds that Mr, Weees insiss do not and caunot cxist. And the fvterview of 1r, Wxes and the dispatch contaiving the rove. latious of the Bpecial TFreasury Agents wero published sido by side in Tug Tuwoss of yestorday, Theso frauds bave been prac. ticed by the agents of lmporters, brokerv, ad othus by Latdsg weighes oud suue of seven years each, he was exccuted was committed early In his ca- plers, picion, have closed Mnany woighers confossed thoir the methods guilt ponnd fraud becomes apparent. IHoneat men should reflect npon the nataro of theas frauds, ‘The sugar samplers takean oath, calling Gop to witness, that they will serve the Government faithfully, Andwhen they take and subscribe to this oath most of thom doubiless inlend to keep it. Dut as soon as they have entered upon -their dutles a sugar importor or refinor worth hundreds of thousands or millions of dollars, living in luxury in the most mistocratic quarter of the city, moving in the highest rociat cirale, and perhaps serving as Dencon or Warden in an up-town church,— this merchant prmce employa an agent to’ approach the humble. sampler employed at §800 or $1,000 & year with a brive. He says to his agent,—his clerk or & Lroker,—go to SBurrm, the newly-appointed sugar samplor, and buy bim,—~hira him to lie, cheat, ntoal, sud commit forgery; hire him to disgrace himself snd blacken his character forever; hire him to pnt an in. dehible staln upon his innocent wife and helpless childean ; hire him ag cheap as you cnn, but fire him to cheat the Government hig has sworn toserve Lonestly, that I may continue to be clothed fu purple and fine linen, to live in luxury, and falsely palm my- gelf off upon the community aa o far-seeing, shirewd merobant, {nstead of the contempti- Dbl oheat that I am, The hangman did & good job of work an the 18th of December when he placed the halter about the neck of Jous Kruow, the chief of the Mollle Maguires, for a murder committed sixteen years ago. We have alrcady printeda description of his exucutlon; but a word or two in regard to his perronal history may be of fn- terest. A correspoudent of tho New York Times rays KE1OE was s native of Ireland, as all members of the Anclent Order of Iilber sug niust be. e was tall and rather handsome fn person, intelligent, daring, seifish, and une scropulous. At the time of his arrest he was the chief of the Molife Moguires in Bchuylkill County, and probably the most powerful leader of the Order In the State. Undor him the So- clety rosc to a piteh of wickedness in settied times cqualing, it mot surpnssing, the bad eminence to which, In the troublous days of the war, PAT Hearzn bad rather suffered than In. duaced It togo. NEsTER was & coward anda sneuk, and tho members of his Soclety, while they might commit as many murders as they pleased, must not look to him for responsible sesistance; but Kntiom wasa leader. Howas quick to devise, prompt to exaocute, and daringz to rashness. e was in the conspiracy to kill WiLLiax and Tiomas Major and WiLLtax Thosas, for which Keiox re- celved tivo scparata sentences to fmprisonment But the crime for which reer,—on tho 14th of Juuc, 1862, Kasnoz was then s youug man, and was working as a miner at the colliery of J. B. McCreanr & Co. at tloneybrook, This placeIs fo 8chuylkill Coun- ty. but close to the line of Carbon, and Auden- reld—then often called New Pottsville, about a mile distant—is in Carbon County, Frank W. 8. LANODON was *‘ticket boss' for McCRRARY & Co,, and had in charge the reculation of the men's wages. ITo bad occasfon to *‘dock™ those of KEnog, among others, and Kznon de- termined to have revenge. This threat ho car- ried out by waylayiog aud murdoring Lanapox on tho day named. As strango as It may seem, he was not arrcsted and trled until 1870, and for two years sinee his conviction the lawyers have boca giving him the benefits of the law’s delay. Ilis case was appealed to the Bu- prome Court, which declined to dlsturb tho Judgment of the Conrt below; and on Feb, 27, 1578, Gov, HarTRANPT fasucd Kuxoz's first death-warrant, naming April 18 as tho dey of exccutlon. An appeal to the Board of Pardons to recommend the commutation of the death- sentence to Imprisonment for life was made und supported by s petition signed with 1,000 names. The Board, after long hesitancy,—the death-warrsnt belog mesntime withdrawn to swalt [ts action,~declded, Sept. 4, by a vote of 8 to 3 not to recommend the commutation. On Nov, 18 the warrant was azaln fssued. On tha scaffold his last words were explicit denlal of the murder of LANGDON, although he tonfessed to having bada hand in, and was privy to numieros ovher murders. There is uo doubt but that he richly merited his fate. et—— Tt d that all sicna fail In & dry time, but thero are certalo {ndicatlons of & hard winter, besides the conditivn of the thermometer this mornlug, that niust be heeded. The editor of the Kulamaxoo. Tee¢raph has been engaged to edit the frogen column iu & comic almanac, and the followlog is his first effort; 1t aigos can bo relled upon, the coming winter will bethe colaeat since tho last glacial period when Ralamssos way ourled under 5,000 fect of lco ncc\{n)ulnun“ snd “mcnmn was a part of the sulid North, wotlce numerous siyns of | i large quantities, aud more corming, the of by regulation cord of fuel is swal T the bark ou the dog ls deeper, lunger, an more delnedj (he tramp has lair on his tecth, d we ses in our exchanges BUMELO 1ol Cake An authony; ulrrely ting In ¢ putting ora Inlo the buse iho oces hiavo killed ol all the drone thelr Lives with sheet-iron, suakcs duwg Into men's boots, tne Wwuskrats a) south, wild ducks are committion sulc yoowe-bone 48 black sixioen tnches doop, W rditors are sullciung wood 1n exchange for sub- scriytions, and pgor families are buyiog an extra dow.” Surely thesd aro forerunners that the prudent wan will not dev| e —— 5 A frivnd fn Bouth Carollna has sent us & spec- fmen of the tlssue and other tickcts uved at tne last elcetion by both- partles. The Democratlc ticket 1o printed with & colored back, very much Hko the back of @ plsylug card, so they could uos be folded ins waybut that it would be kuown to the Supervisure whether the voter was using the Democratle or the Reoublican ticket, —the Hepublican Sicket belog white, Making the tickes look Jlko s card was not & bad ides, because it was the symbol of a desperate game which the poor negroes did wot understand as well as Drer Hawea's “Hesthen Coluce WTue little Joker,” as It 1y called, was also weil calculated to perform ita wissfon. It was printed on the thinuest kind of tissue paper, sl coutained, of course, the nsmues of all the Dem- ourmtte candidates voted forat muy pasticular preciuct. Sowe of thess little Joker ticketawere peddled and voted opealy, bui their especial uso was to etuff the ballot-boxes This was done u two ways; first, Ly folding thvm up toside of one of the large !ckots and dropplug them all Juto the box to- gether, sud sccondly,—which was the safer wathod,~by & man frum another ward offuring a vote that be koew would be cballeuged by & coufederate fu tho secret. He folded ten or & Guzzd ol the tlasue ballots luside of u lareer The Bpecial Agents have shadowed theso rasenlly augar.frand operators so closely that they nro able to declara definitely that, of the whola force of twanty-five or thirty **sugnr samplers,” only threa are abore sus. and ssmplers aod dis. throngh which tho frands were commilted. Onesampler con- fessed that *“in some instances hogsheads filled with a low grade of sugar were kept constantly on the dock from which to draw ssmples.” From this *dnmmy” hogshead ‘‘the morchant sampler wonld draw sugar which the Government samplor would accept and turn over to the Appraiser for clasifica- tion, making an average loss to the Govern. ment in daties of onehalf cent a pound.” When it is considered that the Government derives nearly 810,000,000 rovenue annually from sugars, and that a large share of tho imposiation is graded as not above No. 7 Dutoh standard, 2 8-10 conta per pound, and vory little of it above No. 10, 2§ centa per pound, the enormouns extent of the robbery yossible through the one-hnl & cent per it was challenged, more vates in the same maoner. ohemy to quote them in such & connectiont A weapon that comen down as stll} As anowfakes fall upon the sod; Bt exceates o freeman's will, Au lightning does the will of (on; And from it force, nor doors nor locke Can shield you;~'tie the ballot-box. Undoubtedly the littla jokers came down “as atlll a8 anowllakes,” but In this case they exccuted the bulldozors® and not the frecmen’s will, ————— Compulsory education ia Just now receiving agood deal of attention ln Penpaylvanla, and the Btate Superintendent of Pablie Instructlon has prepared the draft of a bill fntended to deal with tha question uf educating the largo class of destitute and neglected children who sre growing up In Ignorance and tralning for future crime. The principal features of the bill aro'to provide reports as Lo the numbor of children recelving no education for the enforcement of existing laws in relation to the employment of children, and for the provision In each county of homes for friendless children, to which habit- ual truants, young vagrants, and childron who are recelviug vo education may be committed by proper ofiicera o1 the law, ——— Thisls the sesson for takingcolds, and the Popular Science Monthly tells how to pravent them, It says tho mistake isoften made of taking @reat care to puton extra wraps and coats whon preparfog for outdoor. exerclse, This {s not at all nccessary In robust persobs. Bufficient heat toprevent all risk of chill 1s Renersted Inthe body by exercise. The care should bataken to retain sufliclent clothing after exerclee, and when at rest, to prevent the heat from passing out of the body. Indeed, persons very often catch chills from throwing off extra clothing after exercise, or from sitting about fn garments the material of which fs not adupted to prevent the radfation of heat from the Lody. ——— Concerning the appointment of the Hon, E. B. Wasnnunna as Minister to Berlln, the New York ZEvenlng Post says: **Mr, WAsHBURNR found himself (n critical and delicate circum- stances in Par{s; but he managed the affalrs of his misstou with such encray, tact, and good feeliug that Lo satisfied the Fronch people, while ho sccured the favar of the Germans, and 80 strengthencd the influence of his Govern- ment with both natfons. His services would ba remembered with gratitude in Berlin, shotld he go there in an official capacity.” e —— Alettor bas just been putin evidence in & court fn Boston, written when Jasns BuguaNAN was Prealdent, whict probably tells how near “0Id Jerus? ever came to making lovoto & woman, ‘The writer was a lady who Kepta sefect schiool In Washington in tliose aleepy days ‘efore tho War, and went to the President to soficit hlainfluenceln getting puplls, BUCIANAN oromised toaid bory walked with her tothe door, aad kised his hand to lier as she departed. Nobody ever suspected that Copid came 8o noar to him as that. e ——— ‘“Dead en's Shocs™ is tho play on the boards at Washiogton just now. The shoes that the boys are alter are those left by tholate Baranp Tarror at Horlin, As no Ohlo man has thought of {t, the Peunsylvanians assume that those shocs belong to ong of them, and Gov. HARTRANPT I8 being warmly pressed for the position., The Hon. E., B..WAsubURNZ aays emphatically thac ha don't wanb thb appoint- micnt, and won't have it. Nextl ————— “There s n tide {n the affalrs" of the fce- men, which, when takon advantage of during a cold snap like the present, leads on to a full fee- houas, and that will be a fortune pext summer when tho boys want ft'in cocktalls and mint juleps. With tho thermometor at 14 degrees lelow zero yesterday morning st 8 o'clock, the fee-crop ought to bo assurcd. e —t— The prophetlo poct wrote tho following lnes with special reforcovo thls morning, Tucsday, Dee, 24, 1878: Baon the chilling north broeze The wator-pipos will froezot And what will the plumbor do then, poor thing? Hle will como with his kit, * I'nke round a bit, . And ‘bnm d get It, by ding! et The question of TiLpeN'S ronomination in 1880 scems to have been dolinitoly settled in the mind of the cditor of the Bpringtleld Republican, whosaye: **TiLDNEN {s considercd byeverybody whose obinfons sre worth reporting as quite out of the field.” Evidently Mr. TILDEN was not consuited before that opluion was written. e et———— ‘The gold-roum will soon bs for rent, No more Blsck Fridays. Tho guld speculators will s00n FKeel llke one 'hTI !dnldl alono Suma banques ball desertod, g Whoso ligiits aro fled, '{"'fl"“ garlands desd, rted. Ana sll but them de e eet— Tho blatherskite KEARNRY must be credited with one good act. He la now makivg temper- anuce speecnes In 8an Francisco, Now DEnmis knows what he {s talking about, and we bopo he will keep on. Ile has probably abandoned statecralt for s raid upon bad whisky, et Zacx Cuanprug is ssld to bo working vigor- ausly to find & anug place that will sult Senator Curiatiancr better than the Bu CIANDLER csu return tothe Se # Ambition,” sald Youxo, *ls the powesful source of good or I e e Mr. Wersw, the American Minlster at the Court of Bt. Jamncs, is down with the bron- chitla, Notwitdatanding that fact,and the other worse oue,~the death of Havanb ‘I'ayLoB,— thers fs s wondertul rush of patriots for fureign aupolntments, e e— It may niot be gencrally kuown that al} young ladies who send a request o the newspaper otlices Lo have * Besutiful Snow " republished are immedliately taken with dipbtheria and dlo within twenty-Tour buurs? e —— Ts it possible that thoss Oblo boys willlet that nics Berlio mission lo around loose aud Bot squecze one of Lhelr number juto 1t1 Itis certainly time Olifo “ had sometbing.” —t— Epwin M, 8 ayrox's ouly afster, Mrs. Wor- torr, the widow of Gen, Woucors, formerly Attoruey-General of Obio, 1s to have a clerkslup Iu the War Departmont. | ‘The Rev. Jaums M, Hrarr, of thiscity, is making temperance speechics to the lager-boer @rinkers of Milwaukee. Tha Larvest ls whl and the laborers few. . | 1f TuuaMax had to pay a dollay & line for all {ho advertising bo ls getting as & Presidentia) cundidate, hio would soon be & poor man, ¢ Congreas was able to transact cousiderabls ‘business betore the hollday recess, lor Lle reason that Bxx BUTLER kept away. Toat old Rebel yoil is beard again quite sudi- bly u tho Red River country, We wonder it Mz, Baves s listeulog. g | | ‘The Courler-Jukrnal is running Bos Ingxa- s0LLasa cundidate for the Uslted Status Beu- ate. | TiLDEN'S marrlaze whbh that belle of 8t Louls has been postvoved untlh after the boli- days. | An article ou Cbicago ss & Bummer-Resort 13 crowded out this worvivg for waus of rove. one, and offered {t tothe Buperviror who took 1t and wsa about to deportt 1t 1o the box, when Whilo the controversy was ®oing nn abont the vote, the inapector of elce- tlon had quietly shaken a dozen little jokers into the box trom the fnalde of the larzo ticket that he held between his thumb sod finger. The voter, refusing to bs aworn, took back his big ticket, his nama was not entered on the poll- Hst, and he and his Peter Funk friend went on thelr way to tho next ward to aeposit a dozen Inwasa very quiet and effectnal way of stnffing the ballot- bozes, snd brings to mind the well-remembered linea of the paet, although it is slmost blas- ATORIAL. The Secret History of the "Electio of Two Years Aga. What C. B. Farwell Did for Logan, and How He Was Repaid. An Offer to Becure Logan’s Ilec- tion Refused---The Rea- son Why, Logan Cherged with Disloyalty to tho + Party and the Los of a 8cnator, Ropresentative Easton's Account of the Way in Whioh Judge Lawrenos ‘Was Dofeatad. The Springfield Figurers Oaloulato that Oglesby Will Gset the Nomination. The ¢ Journal” Strongly Commends Benator Oglesby and Rebukes His Calumnintors. C. B. FARWELL, MO LOOAN LOST THR REPUBLICANS A SENATOR, Tur Tusuxs having observed what purported to be a conversation between the Ifon, Charles I, Farwell and a reporter of the TVmes, In which former maae some cxteaordinary revelations con ceening matters which bad not lieen magde known before, or knowlede of which was restricted to the narrowest circls of Intimate friends, And nuver found its way fnto the newapapers, whore the peo- ‘ple could get hold of 1t} and notlcing that Mr. Far- ‘well seemingly spoke under some restraint and re- Inctance to the reporter of the Times, leaving room for the Jnforence that he probably hadn't told the whole of the sfory, but had marely given antokliogof it, and feeling that what hie did say wan of the highest importanco, —the Se: risl question having boen bronght Into promtnence of lats, par- ticularly oy the communication of Benator Moder- well, priated In Logan's orgsn;—a roporter of Tua ‘THIBUNE was sont yestenday to Mr. Farwell for the ‘Durpose of gettinz st the facts and learning the whole hlstory of the case,—a plain, unvarnishad narrative, The pablic well understand the long and Intimate Irlendship which existed between Mr, Farwell and Mr. Logan, and how zeslomly the formet labored, for Logan's election, and how tong hie labored to promote Logan's iutorest. It vas therofors aupposed that If any one man in the State had Logan'a confidence Mr., Farwell was en- titled 104t And on ncconnt of this old inttmacy, and the relationship existing botween them, Tus Tainuxs knew that it conld learn from Mr. Far- well, 1f he wodid apeak, that whole story, & part of which hed so surprised the publie, ‘The reporter found Mr, Farwell at bis ofce, en- geged In going through his morutng's mall. Ho looked up as his visitor came 1n, and the look sug- gestod to the latter that, had Az, Farwell had the chooslng of hie carly morning callers, ho would have pteked out somebody ciso than tho persistent interviewer, ‘The man who ls perpetually seeking adiscounton his bill would, by compatlsan, no doubt lays been a more welcome visitor than ho who lles in walt for nows and oplnions, and whoss chiel mission e to stretch out, apen ‘‘the rude rack of thls tough world," gentlemen of known or supposed potitical aspirtions, throngh the con- vanlent medinm of tto modera’interviow. 50 YOU ARM IN TIIN LIST OF OANDIDATLS, Mr, Farwell, for the posttion of United Htates Henator from Mllnols, if carrent reports may bo ballevedr" Mr, Farwell wns silant A momont, absorbed In thought, **%am not," eald he, uifer this briet mental examination, ' *an oflico-reaker at ail. a; Aon' s i gy llr“. Tut, supposing that therd Wi i 4n no cundidate ut this end of tae Biate,~Gen Logay, aa I aave heretojure stated, ¥ vt of the ruce, ue I copculved i3, —oud haviug boun urged for the last two years sad heen called spon 10 b & candidate, I tako the pueition thut the otlica 1 too bigh to either bo sougat or dechined. That is my stand, | am Dot persunally futoreated in this light & blt, Lut T sin_urcey to'be a cnnaluate, wnd 1 sea no feason why Tshould declinif it e tondered to me, Thal the ouly 1 proposo 10 0 t has uot to be tendored to mo. It lsn't nucossary Jor my comlurt, or my napplness, or my peaco of mind, or for Iu{lhln( clue, that Ishouic be fens ator,’ Hut it i Lae duty of every guud citizen to 1] any uMmea that s ueighbors ask Liinto Al 1 am reudy to A1) the oMco of Alderman, or Suver visor, or snything clsc, if Ican bo uf any use to the [pndlic, and not becauso I wantany of thuso oftices, or the ofiice of United States Senator, As 1 bave' satd, I can get along withoukit.' WIT LOGAN I3 NOT A CANDIDATR, *1T1)1 you be good enough 1o oxplain, Mr, Far- woll, mora faily than you have yct done, jist why you du“;m'.e‘um(derlhn Gen, Logan 1s, of can o, candidater #S *Ta ba brief, I do notsco how a man who did what he did two yoars azo cun pomm{ Do & candl- date. A man who committed tae_parly offensy of which he Is guilty cannut, In wy opinion, be & can- didate for this office, ** v+ Well, now, uot to be brief but tull and ox- plelt will you pleaso oxplain whereln thid pariy enee constated 1™ %1y & ueliborato exhibition of selfshness no pro- vented Ll election twu years ago of 8 lepualican Senajor. e tola Sonator hidale, as 1 aw crodioly futormed, a8 well 83 another meniber of the Luglee Jature, that If ho could nut have W place no othue Republican should. Weil, ho followed up tuls acillvh policy and tio result wau that be triutnplied and no Ropuvlican ¥ennlor was eiccied, ++ And now, haviug given us the cunural charges, il “you be kind envueh to rotate the fac's aud aboty the public how thie policy of sclfishuess wus adhered tor™ ‘And to mako the inquiry more portinent, ths revorter caltod Mlr. Farweil's atfontion particularly 10 the principal allexution already curront, to-wit? that Lodan rofused fo leave tho brack, let Sir. well be_clected, und then stop into tl £h0ew, in accordance with the whicti Mr, Farwell prooused & §n whote bebalt be had been Inboring. Aftersuine Altthe newitation on Mr, Farwell's part, and o re- Hewal of the perauasive bustives 00 LG reporter's, the gentloman set out ta rel ; TiA WIOLR COURSE OF LOGAN'S ACTION in the memorable conteat 1wo yenra ayo, V] wont 1o Bpring8eld,” sxld Lo, ‘*at tho ro- quest of Uen. Logaii 1o ¢ nim in hle Senatonial weptrations, areiving thers LWo days, perhinps, luter tnan ho did, On arrlving, ) saked him huw ho was 10 be elected Benator, Tu Use the exact ungunge, s nearly sa I can Pocollect it, 1 aid Lo b, *tivne vral, you fack thred vutes. How eru you tu eet them? sking o anothe o, k me. :hll T will bo elected on first batlot,* ™ *+ Wit did bo mean by his lnquiry as 1o whether ar 0ot you wero s Mason?' A7 waa puzaled W know what he aid mean, sod 1 sald to hiim, * Purbape you expect oy to buy tirey Yotee,” uF ' Do you expeot 08 Lo buy thsve volest' o promply feplied, *No, 1 dow't expectany votea to to bought.” Well, 1 did what 1 could to et thy caucus wolld, It required & Kreutdesl of ubor 10 00 it but fnally the caucas was ¥olid for bim, Then we sgain seked bim Low ho wis Lo be elected, for hle Musuale rusonrces hsdu'i svarled sud uldn't seem to avall hua apytline, Infuct. e was nQ nearer 018 siection thau he was without 1ho Masonio resodrces, During 1be tlme we were irying to gel toe caucus solid, & great imuny peuple FAo Yarlous uarta of the iate came to we wnd sald w we, ' $wiT DON'T YOU RUN YOURSNLY] You are the dsrk horse, and why dun't yon suter toe contest fnimealutelvY Ypacan be elect- ed?® Toall these solicitations uggustions, o4 urgings, 1 uwtarmly rephied *Taw aere aa oz friend and shiy of Gea. Lovan. 1 have sssumed 10 acl as hia Tniend. and § propuss 1o 6o taat unhil tujs contest is decided, Tt will not permit wy hutne to e Used 0 the cancus, OF I aDy OLb Way, withoat (en. Logan’s coucurrence, und Wil UL bie boarty concarrence, too, 1ouver willd sert bim. ¥rom my staudpoint of persunal honur, Tcuut du it, sud, what ia taure, 1 willuot>® MULTON HAY, | b 4*And what fa the Hay sion askeq the res i who had beard sumethiog about Lozau's Suduei ciange of front (wo yeurd sgu—sometinng 1o the effect that he had Lacked llay for Senatur, and asxed ia [£1e0.48 10 Dack bim, kad Lhat wiihin Teae taan Gve winutes after Le Lid instructed bl owh Buppurters to turn the tide for tlay, it pos- Tibie, Lie went back v his work, denied'(Lst Do uad aves guvn auch {utrustious. and 1as put ble 4 1010 1t geuerully. vO 10 speak. Fot ekt dve ,uu'uu wxuct dute of the Mllto ey occurreuc, Ll it bappeus. i 1 ur Tis uawe bad not deed 7Fue next day wo all went dowa and wo ot 1uta tae Bpeakes's soom. Well, waeu they kof ready to voto, Louan tuld uxlf 8 dozen of U, oz porbavemore, —tol. Bab- sloald by the candidate. sposon of befure, 10 $08 blats Louse, ock, tnyseil, and several vlheis, —10 §0 1610 (be Tonso awd teil s (ricuds to vote tor Allitou Ve sccordiuxly rushed fu there sod circulated srouny Biaobg tue weabers, aud told them hat 16 was the requust uf Gea. Lugan thet they puw rute fur Nr, b Sowe of hie frieads, nod Behuning that i'e bad seut auy suca iokaagy, Weut Back kuiw the Bpvuker's Tovul aud {nyuiid O Liu Af Lo Lud »oub k¥ BUCH Livasuge Wiy (ko Juist