Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 8, 1878, Page 11

'THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY., SEPTEMBER THE OLD WORLD. Comparison Between Modern Japanese and Ancient En- glish Art. Fross Corruption in the Czar’s Armye-- An Indignant Qutery by the Russian Press, ‘How the Municipal Revenue of London Is' Obiained, and What Is Done with It, 4 Buian Diplomai on the Berlin Treaty— Sir John Lubbock on the Habits of infs, ABT IN ENGLAND AND JA- PAN. JAPAN NOW WHERE ENGLAND WAS FOUR HUN- DRED TEARS AGO—INTERESTING COMPAILI- S108. Zondon Saturday Review. An interesting comparison might be made be- tween the state of Japan twenty years ago and that of England 400 years ago. To draw the parallel properly a knowledge would be re- quired not only of English antiquitiesbut of Ja. panssitis. There arenot many, if any, people who have the requisite knowledze. Yet evena superficial observation taken from books estab- lishes some very curious points of resemblance. Here in the fourteenth century the aspect of the people and country must have been strangely like that which was seen by the first modern isitors to Japan. Our country was then stud- ded with great casties, where wooden defenses were emploved as well as masonry. Draw- « bridges and other massive tintber constructions, ounwhich decorations in heraldic colors were paioted in 2 large unshaded style, have now disappeared; but we may feel sure that they were very conspicuous in the castles as actually inhabited and defended. All the villages round oncof these fortifications would be full of gagly-dreseed soldiers, wearing each the Jivery of the peighboring noble,—one-sworded men, snd two-sworded men, just as in Janan; and everswhere, ou inn-sigus, on clothes, on carts, onflags, ou churches, and houses, was the cog- pizsnce of the great fawily. AMr. Green well remarks that the same motives which in the tenth century brought the freeman to commend himselt to Theen or Baron, in the fiftcenth forced the yeoman and the smafler gentteman to don tue badge of some personage more powerful than himself, aod to ask for a erant of livery which would gecorc him ald and patronazein the fray or suit. Even still one sometimes bears in a bunting courtry that ‘‘the Duke,” or some other mighty hunter, has sent a set of buttons 03 -riding Squire. who is thenceforth entitled to appear at the coverside in the masterslivery. Until the new vigor of the Japsnese Government asserted itSelf against the great Daimios each of them had, in exactly the same way, armies of retainers decorated with the badges of his house,~a flower, a leaf, B star, as the case might be. His castle was surrounded with painted defenses, and the npeighbornood was full of bis cognizance and bis colors. ln another 2ad very different particalar, also, we find & re- semblance. Our -ancestors of tlie fourteenth century lived, not as we do in _small sincle chambers, but in great hsllsand dormitories divided by screens. We may be sure that the ordinary Ensrhsh house was one ereat room, but partially cut up into separate avartments. The traveler or pilerim had to put up with a corner In some vast loft surrounded. by the beds of the other guests. Such a room exists, or existed till lately, at Canterbury, and n whole prebend’s bouse is built witkin another. At Kunole the oater buildings erected for the retainers stifl toutain areat beams aver which probably cloths were bungto form chambers. In Japan we Mways hear that a hoose is only one hatl, in which movable screens cau be adjusted make . separate rooms. The up- ver air to the roof is common to all. In some wavs, no doubt, these arrange- ments must he very Lealthy, We may, like a wnter in the Times of Monday, be too sensi- _live to bear the sound of other peopie’s feet in. 1he same hotel, but_even the diabolical noises Inalarze steamer do not kee the experienced traveler aw: But, for domestic life, it may e a question lor our future arclutects whetiser # would not sumetimes be well, espezally in country Louses, 1o iinitate the Japanese fush- Jon jor siyine-rooms, or rather to go back to 1he habits of vur uwn_ancestors. The larger o Toom 1s the less the draucbt. We have heard reently of one or two couucry villas in which o luze and Jofty hall was tle chief feature, 1t Iseasily made into a drawing-room and dining- To0m und parior, if required, by a_simple ad- Justment of screens, and while it is cool and 237 in summer, it is, when once wanwed, the beaithiest room 'in winter. Like the Japanese, our ancestors probably Tired much anore out of doors thanwedo. Their &sume was suited for wear either jn _or out. Tae bat, for exampic, was_constantly keot on We- have frequent examples of Jkenses 1o old or aviicate micn o wear a cap in ibe Royal presence, 1s if in other compouy it s usual. When. after the Restoration, it was oat of fashion Lo wear 3 hat in tie house, a wis, ¥hich was really a vast bonnet, was substituzed. L was probably impossible in the draugnty Lousca, now for the first time cut up into small Wambers, 10 live witbout 2 head-covering. Any ae who bas tried to carry on the functions of modern dvilization in a bouse built in the sev- €nteenth century will kuow tuat, picturesque as 1lieg may Le, paneled walls and latticed vindows are not mir-proof. It Js oprobable, tvo, in the same century bouses were first Dbuilt on the baré eround, - 2ndnot raised, as, to be wholesome, all houses Sbould Le, on 3 system of arches or vauits. The usc of vrdinary bosrding and carpets for floors, as it becawe Universal, must have greatly Iodified tbe architectural featuresn this par- ticnlar. But the Japanese raise their houses on Elazes or platforms, uuder which the air can blow, and which answers the purpose of our Euglish vaultiog. - They make cverything, ig- deed, of wood, or papier-mache in imitation of Wood, and, perhans on account of the preva- lence of carthouakes, erect 1o Jarze stone build- inzs. In Epsland, no doubt, in the fourtceuth centary wooden houses were far more common than they. are now, as wood itsell was more common; and the gay colors with which the Japanese'adorn their woad-work probably ap- Deared here alsa. It was uot, indecd, until the socalled classical period of Eaglist art that color wasforhidden in the exterior decoration of houses, But me.lelel ‘would be more easily drawn In plctorial art 1than in anything elee. Heraldry ¥e bave already meatiosed. Few people are Dow very sure whetber a échiool of painting ex- isted iv England before Holbein, but all have fmn:: zotion ot the wonders to be found in il- uminated books: In the fourteenth century i ort %1s at its best in England. Just as in anan domestic scencs form the staple subjec o1 book-pictures, 5o fu_Enelish manuseripts we possibie Phase of daily life de- Bome of these pictures and carvin, T over the leaves of Sir Rathoriopd "t ook “Art in dapan™ (V irtae), the reader convereant :m.h English illuminations and sculptere 1o gop- Rr:‘n‘:lrr reminded of the resemblance. Sir i erford has much to say as to the Japanese veirmn to formality of design, an aversion ::’m also characterizea our aucestors, and was ¥ overcome by the long and persistent efforts cent English art are equally deficient. The Japanese, “although they had some knowledge of a horizonta) line passing throngh the field of a pi,n,r.ure at the heirht of the cve of the specta- ;%r.m :ltk’!x :nugs um}ersnmd that the point of sight always o Sali s )f Dposite Lo ft. and that mustgo to the same poiut of sigh but seither did our old English artists nnderstand the problem. Ip strange to “observe that ‘2 knowledee of _perspective ana of light, and shade should mark in both 2 deterioration in harmonious color. The Deautifal woodcuts from Japanese books with Which Sir Ruthiecford Alcock’s volume is fllus- trated demonstrate one thing at least. When our English artists ceased to makeilluminations for books they ceased from art altogether: and modern art is not in any seose & revival of theirs. But in Japan pictures of this kind have been Pproduced without fatermission for hundreds, if 1ot for thousands, of years: and, 1f the first ef- {ect upon their artists of an acquaintance with European idess is a deterioration of art,it is im- possibie to believe that it will be followed by the long night which overshadowed English artists between the days of Henry VIIL and George 1IL RUSSIA. SWINDLING ARMY-CONTRACTORS—TNE ANTI-COR- | BOPTION AGITATION 4AND DENUNCIATIONS. London il salt Gasette, The English Russian newspapers have always been chary of: quoting the opinions of Kussian Journlists concerning the way in which the Czar’s Empire is governed; and they are less likely thau ever to break through this rute of caution now that the whole Russian press is teeming with complants on the administrative corruption which diseraced the conduct of tne late war. ‘There uever was such an indignant outery as that which Russian journalists are now raisiug: and to those who knew Russin o few Fearsagotheangrylanguagewhichis beingusedis sigoificant of a new and very revolutionary spirit iudeed. Not only are the names of flus- tricus personages pilloried in a way which would have made Nicholas L stand aghast, but many of the attacks come from journals bith- erto remarkable ‘for their exuberant loyalty. Evidently therc is a gengral determination that some light shall be thrown on the causes of = military and financial collapse which might, under certain circomstances diplomatically averted, have dragged the Empire to utter dis- comfiture. The Czar's attention has been called to the scandal, and he has instituted a commission of iuguiry. . We hear of contractors suspending parments because their ac- counts have been disallowed pending in- vestigation into charges of bribery aud swindling. One contractor is aceused of baving cleared 29,000,000 francs by supplying uneatable food to the troops; another is in'trouble about cardboard boots; and several high military of- ficials have been suspended owing to payments they had claimed tor articles which scem never to have been supplied to the army at all. - This is a frepetition of the storyof the *‘beeves’ which, before the war, usel to make Russian oflicers merry at the expense of a well-known General still living, and which used -always to be quoted by them as & sample of pative ofli- cialism. The General in question, befng 'in command of av expedition, wrote to headquar- ters that he bad nurchased a_herd of 1,000 oxen for food, and was paid for the same. He next wrote that murrain had broken out among the cattle. and that, feariog a soread of the disease, he had caused the eound beeves tobeslaughtered, ealted, aud tinned. The bill for slaughter, salt, and tins having been honored, the General was smitten with hyeienic seruples, and reported that he had pald an analyist to ex. amine whether the salt meat was fit for human food. The analyst’s ovinion beiug unfavorable, the General had, much to bis regret, been oblig=d to have the tinned meat throwa into the £ea; and he had the honor to_inclose a bill for the hire of boats used for this purpose. Now it eventuslly turned out that the General had never boucht any oxen; and it is belieyved— though Rassian officers were not very sure on this point—that be was asked to refund at least part of the money which he had so imazinative- 1y extorted. ~ It speaks well for the altered spirit in Russia that stories of tins kind; which might becapped by others of very recent date, no lunger provoke amusement, but very deep and widespread disgust. For, fu sum, “what the Russlans are now urg- ine s ihat 100,000 of their countrymen have been done to death by the gross corruption which raged tike a plague in the army. The exact number of soldiers who died in the war will Drobably never be kuown, for official statistics are untrastworthy: but it is computed that fuily 209,000 men died, and of these considera- bly less than half died in sciion or of thewr wounds in ambulunces. The majority perished of disease, brought on by cold, bunger, and other privations; in fact,” from causes which were to a large extenr preventible. It is notorlous that even after the tide of vietory had turned in Russia’s favor, and when food, clotbing, and medicines might havo been pro- cured for the troops, they were not procured. While enormous sums were being paid ont of the Russian Treasury, and while the people,already squeezed with taxes, were being exhorted to ke wore and more sacrifices to carry out the “grand {dea™ of the war, the soldiers who had fought before Plevna were rotting_amidst un- imaginable filth, deurth, aud disorder. Whole remuments were “shoeless, lint fafled fn the am- bulances, moldy biscuits were doled out with rations ot semi-putridhorscflesh. The only thing that seems to bave never been wanting was vodki [whisky], because divers exalted ver- sonages hud au interest in its sale. In Armenia maiters were even worse than fn Earope; and all this time the stulen millions which could have soved Russtan lives did not 2o principally into the pockets of tisc rozues who held army contracts, but into those of high officials— Generals ° or, administrators. Tlhe contractors had their share, no doubt: but the larger portion of the Joot was grasoed by high- souled Minzs whose talk was ail about Chri tianity and holy crusading on behaif of oppress- ed Bulgarians. There is something almost fudi- crous fo the retribation which has falien upon these personsin the shape of universal cou- tempt of their own countrymen. The people. if wemay judee by the langruaze of the néws- papers, have crown all the more censorions from the beautiful sentiments flaunted before them in high quarters; and they cali the louder for justice because they leel they have been hoaxed. , Whether this outery will lead to a sig- nal punishment of the chief offenders is, how- ever. doubttul. Probably somne scapegoats will be selected; and when these have been sacri- ficed it will be sought tu aliay public_discon- tent by a specious show of reforms. But this sauch is certain: that such tales of Government matpractices as are now being circulated through Russia cannot penetrate the minds even. of 2 degraded and ensiaved peo- ple , without leaving some revolutionary thoughts therc. ~The present agitation may gpend itsell ina few weeks, 20d the Tschinn may go on_ ruling atter its inmemorial tradi tions of dishonesty, oppression, and hypocri: Dbut Russian journalists arc now writing as they have never written before, and ft must needs be that their readers will fai! to thinking as they have not been sccustomed to think vet. The question has been plainly put 1o the Czat's sub- jests as 10 wkether they are cuntent to be deceived, pjundered, and sent 'to butchery oo falge pretenses; and, while certain English Liberals would appear to be still sropini in 8 haze of iilusionsas to Russia’s pious objects, Russian Liberals, who will have to bear tne cost of the war, are disposed to reflect on it without any illusfons whatev: They know hat it was wazed tor selfish and despotic ends by men who loathe freecom; and thai it has resulted only_in cnriching o gang of corrups placemen, and in throwing upon & deluded and iali-ruined people heavier burdens than eve —— LONDON TAXATION. TOW THE MUNICIPAL REVENUE 1S OBTAINED— ‘WHAT LONDONERS GET POR TUEIR TAXES, ZLoudon Correspondence rhitadeiphia Ledzer. "yhe general impression in America seems to be that the taxation in Eneland is very heavy, and. fully impresied with this idea, I made an examitation inio thé matter, and was astonish- ed to find vkat London: real estate is ot tased Of ihe srchitects, who found it Literatly tiwi L , twice 33 E:“ eudeu:;n half a'facade as a wholé one. It Sl i Tevival did nothing else we shouid b thsukful that our eves are opened to the nflro:s of architectural uziformity. But in er arts the Japanese, like the aucient Egvp-, e Late uniformitr, and every. possibledevice. Toe cgnsd fo 1 order 1o counteract its effects. Trom g 20t Object 1o symmetry,—far o L—but ther derive ~their " idea Natgrometry — from the Nature, There is in the Jaj o] dtl: !;?e'.“?‘“: l:];c }:rr_vn,n ainter 300 years as 5 - duinnate repugnauce 10 av; etrical’ divtsion if it can he ool i m? 3 modern . book-ornamenter wants. a orlora pase he makes nis border.of the ,:?1':& ufidng 2c-each <ide and probably ruins any on i might produve by-repeating it exactly h“’flwfilh_: vage. The illumnstor made A.ln J:'p:m, la;s we aj;e fios -Alcock, ** all.iservile ;';'fl%uon,or the parts of a design is intericteid. Py aeninst:pood.,1aste, ‘and betraying: Tueps 5,08 iuvention incompatible’ with true pitation or artistic work of any kind.™.. When a0 9ar modern wBtkman come to think thus E: hmmn %o the 200d taste of his ancestors! - - B Derspective, hath medern Japanese and an- at anything Jike the rate that Philadelohia pays. To all outward appearasce the service l_.nndou géts for its taxes is good—that is, the police and fire service,.the strees Davements, Jights sewerare, cleaning, and everythivs of ‘that kind are of the beit character. We are scenstomed 10 good -police and fire service in Philsielphia; 0 street-cleaning that is ood in some parts ad in others; and to_strect-pavements ?!‘:x:'xlc, o fra Tow of ot sascipat streets, London would not tolerate. . Public municinal taxation in Loudon provides for ubout the ssme "things that it does with us, but a very much larger proportion of the taxes cotiected are poor rates.” A gentleman was kiud enouuh (to show. me all his tax-bills, and his casc I am about 10 note. He orcupies in the hears of Laundon, not very far fromn ke Bank of England, a farge. “buitding. recently erected in substantial s!g_)e, which fronte-about thirty-cight fect on St. Bar- tholomew’s_close, and ,is about forty feet in, depth., In Loundun the ténant and notthe land- .lord -pays _ the taxes, but they are assessed, 8s with us, on the reai estate. ‘This baildiog hasa, rentsl 'value of £350, “or £1,750, and if it could. be bought at all,—which it could not be,—he said he wonld be willing togive §45,000 or §50,000 forit. . The rentalshe said, were usually esti- . believed to be entitled to - free mated value of the property, the tenant, in uddmoen& payine the ta: Were this property locats in Philadelphia, and vatued, 25 most buildings now are, at an approximation to their value at a public sale, the tax on it would be 380C to 600 for municioal purposes. This sentleman paid for his entire municipe! tax $125, of which about $60 was_the poor rate. and the remainder of abont $5¢ supplied every municipal charge, in- cluding about everythiog for which we paytaxes in Philadelphia. of all his real-estate tax for every purpose. He paid, in. addition, the income tak due the Gen- eral Government on the prolits of his business, but that was the only other tax he vaid. Now, it impressed” mej so stronzly that this - London merchant gpt so muci better return for so much 1 money in- vested in muoicipal taxes that it would do 2ood to tell the storv. It certainly disabused my mind of the impression that London was taxed more heavily than Philadelphiz. He paid his taxes at different periods, and not atl iu one annual bill, as 6 customarv with us. The poor rate, which was more than half the total tax, was collected quarterly; some of the others half yearly. The valuation on Which the tax was’ based “was not the valuation of the prooerty. buta valuation based upon the rental, from which various- deducticns were_allowed. Thas he, being the holder of o Jong lease, had receutly put up a finc new building on the land, and, instead of increasing the valuation for this reason, & deduction had been allowed on ac- count 6f the improvement,—in other words, the municibality offered this premium for publie improvements. 1t would, of course, be impossible for Lon- dou 1o support its costly city and metropolitan fovernment upon such & tax as this if the real estate were solely taxed. But it, on the contra- r¥, looks elsewhere for a portion of the burden, and the taxes on real estate are, therefore, light- coed. It gets u magnificent revenue, in addition o, paying for the cleansing from tbe street dirt, {rom the cabs ana omnibuses, the railwvays sud steamers. _Everything that here enjoys 2 cor- porate privileze from which moneycan be made in the city pays tribute proportioned to the in- come derived, - The markets vield a bandsome revenue. The franchises that with us are given away, in London pay a large vortion of the taxes; and the men of property impose the taxes, collect them, and see that <hey are prop- erly spent. They do not delegate these impor- taut functions to politicians. The milliouaires of London_conduct the Boardsof Works and Municipal Government, and thev do it on sound business principles. I asked how much of the public money was sauandered here. The reply was that some may be, but if they suspect that as much as 2 shilling in the pound is wrongfully spent there is an outery made about it. How haypy Phitadelphia would be were she sure that oniy 5 per cent of her taxation is squandered ¢ MISCELLANEOUS. WHAT A RUSSIAN DIPLOMAT THINKS OF THE DERLIN TREATY. “A Diplomatist,” writing in the Nouoe Vremya of the 16th inst., observes that the ad- lerence of Russia to her traditiona! policyin the Esst has been rendered doubly ditficult by the Congress. “We are opposed on the other side of the Balkaus no Jonger by the weak Govern- ment of Turkey, but by a powertul Anglo-Turk- ish alliance; while Austria, who is hostile to us, lays her hand on the western part of the Balkan veninsule, . We must prepare ourselves in earn- est. Rendered wise by experience, we know that we cannot rely on any of the Western Powers. « « + The Isst war has shown us that Russia s not strong enmouzh to solve the Eastern question; and all- intellj- fzear people in Russia have recognized the necessity of reforms which would make us more powerfal, But the growth of internal strength is not sufficient, as while we develop ourselyes internally our enemies abroad will also zain in strength. . . . When we began the late war we were in error as to the sirengtn of our adversary, aud this partly explained our failures. . . .’ The new situation created by the Congress must make us morc cautious. Our future cuemics are no longer the Turks. but Eugland and Austria. We must thereiore obtain accurate information .as to their re- sources, and carefully preserve the remnant ol influence whicit has remained to us on the pevinsula after the Congress. Russia must ex- tend her vizilance to the whole of the peninsula, aud support the Orthoaox Christisns, without agitation, but with firmoess and tranguillity. For this we want zood agents, . . . whomust be very carelully selected. . . . Theexperience of the last two years has clearly shown that - Europe uses every intervention on the Balkan peninsula adverse to the Porte tor its own nd- vantage aud our disadvantage: and that, though disunited, she immediately reunites when there is a question of placing an obstacle in Russia’s wag- So long as Ruesia does not feel sirong enough to be able to solve the Eastern question in spite of the resfstance of all Europe, su long must we support Tarkey, for any further dim- ioution of her strenath ould: be used by our euemies to their dfsadvantage. . And in support- ing ‘Turkey nvainst the pluudering of = the Powers of Western Europe, we must ai thesame time also support the subject populatiocs of Turkey. . . . Asto Austria, itis a mistake to suppose that our mext immediate ohject shouid be to destroy her, as one of the chief ob- stacles to a satisfaciory solution of the Eastern question. If we did this, it would not-be Kus- siz, but Germany aod ltaly, who would reap the fruits of our victory, just as Austria and En, land have profited by our victory over Turkey.” CURIOUS STATEMENTS ABOUT ANTS. Lonidan Spectutar, To an audience in the same section Sir John Labbock delivered one of his amusing lectures on the habits of ants,—to some of the more in- eresting facts of which we have drawn atten- *tiou in another columa. - Here we may add that, in relation tothe otber insects associated with ants,—of whic according to - M. Andre, there are no less than distinet_species,—Sir Joln Lubbock had himself studied the treatmnent by the auts of the aphides or domestic cattle they keep, a5 we keep cows for the sake of the milkc they vield us. The ams keep these creatures in corn, he says, all the winter, though tiey are then of no_use to theants, and they tend the aphides duaring the barren time with great care. Then in the spring they milk them, much as we milk our cows, ana derive no smatl part of their sustenance from them. Awain, Sir John entirely confirms Huber’s observations on tle extreme forms which domestic slavery takesin relationto onc specles, the individuals of which will starve in the midst of pienty rather than feed them- selves, so completely dependent are they on the servicés of these slaves. Sir John had kept some of this species alive for months by allow- ing them a glave for one hour & day to ieed and clean them. But without thac assistance tney d And yet tuese are, we believe, 8 military caste of ‘ants, which fight savagely, though the will not feed or cleau themselves,—a task whic they regard, we suppose, 18 meninl. Sir John dugs not believe that an ant can give 4 message, though it can, of course, take its comrades to a place where they vain the Information which it cannot give. Anis weretobe found in three stages of civilization,—thie hunting, the pas- toral, and theagriculiural stage. But of tucir resources for ineeling new emergencles, Sir John Lubbock, on the whole, does uct speak well. They bave ot exactly anythivg equiva- lent to red-tapr. But they are strict conserva- tives, not of Lord Beacoutield’s school, but of the old bumdrum type, which regards a pew 1ethod as not s0 much a blunder as an unpos- sibility. - RETURN! N6 TOURISTS MUST PAY DUTY. WasiiNoToN, August, 187 be Treasury Department at Washinzton has issued a cirealar Lo otficers of the Customs und Consular officers abroad calling attention to the fact that tourisis Visiting or returning from forersn countries 1o the United States arc often under the impres- sion that all articles purchased for their personal se, or for the use of friends, or intended as ents, are exempt from duty. These mis- taken voyagers are. therefore. to’ be Informed, as far as practicable. of the laws und regulations relating to such imoortations, and espeeially of the provisions of the Revised Statutes inposinz penalties for the unlawfui importation of rchandise into the United States. Aliarticles subject to duiy, whether contaied in bazeage or otherwise, must be reported to the Customs officers on arrival at a purt .in the United States, under . -the penaities of Sce. 2,802 of the Revised Statutes, which epacts that “*whenever anyching subject toguiy is found in the bawzage of -any person arrivinge withio the United States, which was Bt at ihe time of making entry ror such bay- gire méntioned to the Collector before whom such entry was made by the .person- making eniry, eucen articie snall be forfeited, and the son in whose. baggaee ii'is fouud shall be le toa: penalty. of trebife the value of such article.” Persons arriving iu the United States will be reguired 't make” due entry ou biauk forms tv ‘ve furnished to’ them of thé articles ce admission under 1b¢ provisions of ‘the law—such; entry to be verified by oath. A’ separate entry oust be . made of all dutiable’ artitles contained tu-the bageage; to which the passenger’s ‘oath must be anneved. . Such cotry must specify the name .Gf the article, the precise guantity. thercof, nud the exact cost or forelgn arket value. = Alto- géther, these customs rezulations.seem, likely 10 ¢ad toavood deslof hard swesring on the part of passe ¥ Mail Gazette : Progress is.be-- ing made with the re-embarkation of the Indian troops at Cyorus, and it is expected that ali the: Indian - forces will have lefs the island by the 26th inst. With respect to the sickuess in the [4 from 3 to 33§ per cent of the freehold | island, the Daily Telegraph correspondent say: 1878—SIXTEEN PAGES. 1t Altnongh the fever and.-naue, that are very prevalent now, arc’'not of & malignnt type, they.are diseases of a very depressing nature. Several of the stafl ,officers and 3 faree number of soldiers have been attacked. The Times cor- respondent, . teleeraphing from Nicosia on the 18th, say: The sickness from-fever in the Chiflik Camp among the Forty-second, Seventy- first. and Ouc hundred and first Reaimentsand a battery of artillery wassoreadingrapidiy upto the Chis sum was the azgregate | 16th fnst., but the rate of increase is diminish- ing, and the worst is believed to be over. The fever I5 a cun tever of a light kind, and jn many cases turns into ague: " There is hardly a dan- gerous case The Forty-second have suifered most, and the Seventy-first least, and not onp- third 25 much as the Forty-second. - The beat is intense. Yesterday ip the hospital marquee in ihe beadquarter camp near Nicosia the ther- mometer stood at 110, In such a heat the bell tents used by the men must produce sickness, " ‘The Daily News corresvondent in Malta states hat the Maltese who have been sent back from Cyoprus give a very bad- account of the istang, and emieration to it Is no lonzer in favor. Sir Garnet Wolseley is said-to hbve requested Sir A. H. Layard to send to Cyprus Turkish refy- fzees of the laboring class. GOSSIP FOR LADIES. A JAPANESE LOVE-SONG. Tokio Tmes. There is a taiden, i There Ig 8 little maiden whom 1 love, Her name it is eaay to utter; The night-winds are always breathing it fn my ear. Something hias beep telling it to me al! the nighz. Bug who hall convey the extent of her beauties, Or of the graces of her mind? 4 To others she 1 frigid, But to me she is a5 the moonbeam, ragisnt and warm, She 8 exempt from tbe ordinary weaknesses of women. Her piety is the theme of admiration among all classes. Her virtues are 8o lofty that they reach the stars. She reads all the sacred books, and Knows them by heart., With strong moral principles she fmmincles cheer- ul spirit: And her nch black hair1s involved in unctnons gum, Numbersof cortly ornaments shine in ber hatr; They shine like clusters of stars relieved by a jet- black sky. Soft gilken scarfs cocircle her throat: O enviable soft sillien kcarfs® A radiant satin obi, of princely dimensions snd incaleulable price, enfolds her waret! 0 enyiable satin obi of princely dimensions. and *incalculable price. Ter countenance needd not the additional glow of paint ! And her neck scorus the Inferior lustre of powder. Her form is enveioped in many-colored marvels of millinery, And her peuticont is embroidered with & hundred butterfiies fluttering amons flowers. Ber feet arc atoms of celestial origin, And ber kedabsi 15 the pink cloud Which protects them. To many her heart ie hard and cold ; Ta them it 18 very beautifal porcelain. To me it is soft and warm. To me it Is fresh-cut velvet. Her lips are sealed, and words proceed not there- ic fra- rom, But in thelr place come sighs of srom: grance. < = Her familY are conspicnons for antianity, And her father is of the trac bluc of Fujiwara. 11e posseeses a great number of tiger-skins, All brought from Chosen, and very valuable. Myriads of kobans litter in the strong chests of ara. But for me the greatest treasure— The treasare beyond all, for me— 1s the little maiden, The little maiden whom I tove. THE POTTSTOWN TRAGEDY. Dew York Times. Some months ago it became necessary to mention the infamous conduct of a man who, 1 the disguise of 2 woman, and in the assumed character of an agent for the sale of patent garters, canvassed three counties of Penusyl- vania, and, with the aid of a tape-measure, col- lected statistics the very thooght of.which makes one's blood run cold. It was to be ex- pected - that the villain would find imitators, and, accordingly, no one will be surprised to learn that the Town of Pottstown, Pa., has Jjust been made the scene of a-pecaliarly atro- cious outratre. 2 A short time ago, two young wen rame to Pottstown, and announced that they were the solc owners of n mew process of restoring orilliancy and softness to -back-hair, no matter What might be~its' agk’or conditibn., They beyran their operations by distributing to every house in the. town printed circulars, -setting fortn their business, and naming a ridiculously-- low price for thcir services. In this circular it was promised that the longest switches ehould be ‘renovated for' 10 cents each, while the charge for renovating curls and * fronts”” was “even lower. The lodies of Pottstown were as- sured that the process of renovation should be conducted with the utmost secrecy, and it would require in no case more than three dags. Copies of allezed letters sigmed by Mrs. An- :thony, Mrs. Ciara Morris, President Hayes. and Miss Clara Louise Kellogg, certifying that their Dback-bair had been renovated™ to their fcomplete eatisfaction, were' annexed to the cir-" cular; and there was not a woman in all Potts- town who did not fully belicve that she was.cx- ceptionally fortunate in having the circnlar brought Lo her attention. ‘The next day the two young men, each carry- ing o large covercd bzsket, called at every honse to receive orders and back-hair. They had printed receipts with- them, which they gave in excliauge for hair, and which had an extremely genuiue and business-like appeurance. Before ihiey had visfted one-quarter of the houses their baskets were: full, and they were obliged to return to their hotel and cmpty them beforc ;taking a fresh start. Judginz from the size of "their baskets, a local scientific person has esti- mated that they collected a ton and a half of back-hair in the course of two days. There was -not—so we are assured—a woman in Pottstown who did not_trust her hair to these audacious wretches, with the exception of a few ladies of African descent; aud’each one ‘betieved that within three days at_the farthest she would re- ceive back her cherished locks in a greatly im- proved condition. For several days after the back-hair of Potts- ‘town had tius been piaced iv the keepinz of the pretended hair-renovators, no ladies were visi- ble on the Pottstown streets. At the same time every lady at whose house any young man ven- tured to make a call was either” “enzaged ™ or ¢ il,” and declined to reccive the visitors. Ou the fifth day, the hotel at which the two scoun- drels bad sm’rucd was visited by scores of ex- cited husbands ana brothers, who were horrified to learn that the two bair-renovators had lett town five days before, carryive with them seven large and heavy trunks. Over the scenes which ook place whea this terrible news reached the ladies of Pottstown,a veil must be drawo. Much may be forgiven in a woman who has been cheated out of het back-hair, but it is impossi- Dbic to approve of the waunt of judement which several indignant wives evinced in trying to re- plece their missing hair by drawing upon the gho;t and scanty hair of “their invocent hus- ands. WIUERE THEY IIDE THEIR MONEY. Cincinnatt Commercit. Mrs. Hansen put $50 in the oven of her stove one night to keep ft safe. Next-morning after breakfast the national debt had been dimin- ished exactly that muck. A student of the curfous would find it interesting to note the places in which women hide thelr money. One excellent and frugal dame used to tuck ler little savings uway under a corner of Lthe carpet. The tiny roll- of greenbacks grew fatter and {atter in the course of a year or two, when, the day after it counted up to $250, the house’ took fire, burnt to the ground, and again the natlon- al debt was diminished by o little roll of wom- an’s pin-money. There was'that other carcful Isdy, too, who used sometimes to bide her amond’ rings between two teacuds iu-the iitchen-vupboard, sometimes behind s certain. ‘brick in the cellar,and again under the lining of anold bar. Ste had divers olher places of safety for her jewels also,—tne only trouble Yeing that ‘sbe had many hiding-places she occasiondlly forzot where she last put her orecivus things, and about every three months she would’ fancy she had been robbieq, and the bouse would "be .turped inside our, and -all thercin made very uncomfortable until the | inissiug rems would be fouad carefuliy tucked away in tne' folds of the bottom-towel of the - pile in the left-hand corner of yhe Towerdrawer- 1n the clothes-pressut” the eastend of -the din- ing-room. .- This_periodical . excitement’ about. & I3 .\lrzs. McGillicuddy’s - diamond - rings - was’ the: |’ ouly event which broke the ‘mouotony of ‘an otherwise .rather dult life in a suburban resi- derfee., oo LE e aaigEte ' Long before Mrs. Jel2- Davis hid her husband fin a water-proof cloak and 4 poke bonnet, wom- en . had mr ‘inexplicable mavia.for concealing- “things in 0ad and:. unususl ways- snd - places. Shakspeare kiey (il soul of.zho gex when e ‘made the Merry Wives-of Windsor: hide Falstay’ in a basket of finen: ‘Their litea is to-hide things in places where people would not be apt to look - for them. . 1t is unusual, perhaps for woman to have much money to tuke care of, therefore she Duts it 2way fn-an unnsual place. An esuimable Jady ‘used o hide her gold watch nnd pocket- book under the inverted wash-basia in the kllche'u' vevery ‘might. A'‘few davs amo 2 New Yark woman put her £300 diamoud - ying in the folds of a lace curtain, She put it there becausc that ‘was a place where thleves wouldn’t be apt to look for A servant who was dusting the room shook the curtain, and away went the dismond rine out the window, and now its owner mourns for 1t os ane without tope. A, most worthy Iady ot long since died at her home, not a thousand miles trom Cincinnaty, and after her death the {amily found a large sum of money hidden away Iu an anclent band-box fulf of old hats amd bon- nets. 1t was her savings for several years, and nobody knew she had had it till after she was dead. - Whenever a woman dies who, like John Giloin’s wife, * had a frues! mind,”* her anxions aod sffectionate heirs wiit do wiseiy o' look for her savinegs fn al! places tu which money would not 2t all be likely to be hidden. - ® LOVE IN :A LODGING-HOUSE. ] Virginia tNeo.1 Chroniciv. i Some weeks ago the fair keeper of 4 lodzing- house in this city, who had somewhat passed that time of life when womau’s charms are ‘poetically alluded to as the beauty whick mad- dens the passions of earth,” called 2t the Chronicle office and asked one of the reporters 1o ‘*back™ a letter for her. He wrote ou the back the address of a person by the-name of Stuimins, residing in Bodie, - The next day the woman-again came in with's Jetter, and wanted the address of the same man printed on the envelope iu bold type. She was informed tuat this wonld only be ap extra espense. **1 don’t care for thai,” she replied; “when T send av important letter 1 want 1o koow that it zoes, S'pusen the Postmaster couldn’t read writin’ very well and the letter shouldn’s get theret 1'd be in a nice lix.” mportant business letter, I presume?” + Well, I mean business, and I zucss he does. When Simunius comes back here he’s goin’ (o marry me; and ‘F'm not gow’ to take any chances on those fool Postmasters mislayinyr the letter.” 3 Accordingly the woman got fifty €nvelopes witn the address of Stnmins printed thereon, and lefs the office satisfied that all was well. No more was secn of the fair creature for 2 week or more, when suddenly she burst into the office Iike a tornado. “3ay, Mister Reporter. Simmins has double- bankea me, and 1 want him written up.* *1s the wedding off 7 ““Simmios is off; he has left me. A, these men! He told me before he left that if I'd 1oan bim $50 be’d marty me.” ¢ “You don't mean to say you advanced the money?” *Yes, I was fool enough to do it, 20d now Le's Jelt me altogether. He never answerea one of them letters with his uddress printed on the envelopes. But I've got over two dozen of his letters written o0 me before he feft the Comstock, and I want every one of ’em printed in the Chronicle: ‘1111 1ake a big sensation, I tell you. He must be shown up.” The.woman rushed ofl and promised to bring the letters next day. In the morning she came in, radiant with'joy. Simmins, the lost one, had returned, taken o roow in her lodging-bouse, and all was well. . ‘*How much for 100 wedding-cards®’ she in- quired, ‘The job man showed her a number of samples and prices, and she took them away to see which shie liked best and to cousult her atfiauced con- cerning them. It wasa week before she came back, furious with rage. Simmins had left her house, carry- ing awav his Jove-letters and not paying his room rent, and was now in Gold Hill making love to o married lady whose husband was on the night- shift. She wanted the community warned agaiost the gay deceiver, whom she considered abad man, weil calculated to break up good families. . Simminsisa festive youth of 24 His be- wildered landindy is just turning 43,—so the neighbors say. TOW A WOMAN BUYS MEAT. ‘When a woman enters a butcher-shop to select apiece of meat for dinner she bes her wiod made up to tuke mutton roast. Therefore, when the butcher rubs his bands, and asks what she will have, she promptly replies: - “Tll take some of that mut—"" She stops there. Her eye has caught sight of ham, and she suddenly decides to take ham. *Best ham 1 ever saw, nadam; how much?’ “ Weil, you may give me three p—. Well, 1 don’t knovw, cither. My husband was saying he'd like some sausage,” *Plenty, madam. Now, then, how wmuch will you have % *1's pork sausage, s it?" “Yes, ma’am.” -++WWell, I suopose.a pound would be emough for our small family; but—but—>"" Shall I weigh a pound, madam " *¢1 was wondering If o veal pot-pie wouldn’t suit him better,” she apswered. ** You have veal, Lsuppose}” s 0 yes, madam; hercs a splendid bit of veal, 2s zood a picce as T ever saw.” Yes, that does look like veal, she says, lifting it up. ° * And you'll take jt3" ‘“ Let'’s sce,” shé¢ muses. ** Y—no, 1 guess not. _ 1'd better take pork chops,” % * Nice chops! How much?” he asks. . *“One of those slices will . weieh a pound, T sappose?” g *About a pound, madam.® *And it was a young nowd” Quite youngisa, madam,” « And yon can cut the rivd off1” “Yes, madam.”” “ Well," she says, heaving o .deep sigh, “I guess you may give me some beelsteak—some, that’s nice, sud be sure aud cus all the bone out " : Aud she’s only been hall an honr coming to the point.—Erchange. - 3 THE IRON-IEARTED LOVER. Duiroit Free Press. In the big crowd of excarsionists sitting on " the City-Sall steps for a rest the otber day was u young men of excellent length of legs, and a girl with sixteen auburn curls haveing down around her head. They hadscarceiy settled themselves and locked fingers when' she can- tiously observed: “§ 8pose they have soda-water in this ton#? “1 g'spose s0." he replied, **but the last thing afore we started I promised your mother uot to let you drink’ any soda-water. IUs the worst thing [n the world to bring on consump- tion.” 3 She was quiet for a moment, and then, poiat- ing to the lett, remarked: 3 1 see that Surab is cating peanuts. I s’spose they have peanuts in this town” \“Wall, yes, but your mother cautioned me the last thing not to buy any peanuts for you. “The shucks are apt to it into your wind-pipe. The Queen of Holland was choked to death in that way.” 5 Pretty soon a boy came along with some fruti, and the youne woman felt obliged to gay: “Them apples and pears lovk awfal nice.” “Yes, they do,” replicd the pradent lover, “put I promised your mother at the depos not to buy fruit for you. Them apples look nice. but if you givthe tootnache started on you then the whole afternoon is busted.” The youn man had just commenced, to take comfort aain when she innocently remuried : +When | came ub here last suramer with Jim ‘e boughit mor’n two pounds of candy.” Yes, and what was the result¢” Hie demand- ed. “You fell dosn celiar that very week; and didn't Jim have to ligbt out last winter for bustin’ in the school-house door?™ She had got down to'water, and with consid- crable sareasm in her vorce she (uquired: 1 can have a drink of water, an’t [? Moth- er didn’t say anything amainst that, did shes” “Wall, no, uot. cxactls,” he slowly replied; “but she mn me au appealing look as the cars moved off.—same as 1o say that it ought to be Kind 0 warmish water. if any. You sot here, and P'll borrow a dipper somewhere.” She “sot,” and it was all of an hour snd a balf before be again succeeded in wetting his arm around her. FEMININE NOTES. © An oM saw mew set—A. miss is good at a smile. : : ‘What kind of a shiphas two mates and-no captain? 0 A courtshin. - - . A masked ball s detined, *A mercifal Tnsti- ‘tation for plain women." : . A voung Jady has writteu 2 book called ‘ Lovers.” ~ It beptus, of course, at Chap, Philade'phia Buli 3 A woman Is never thoroushly interested ina \newspaper article until ehe ‘reaches. the pace ‘ where tae balance is torn off—Fuck. o A'woman cad’t put_on any side-saddle Etsle. She' has " either et drowned.— ‘when she goes in a-swimming.. got to’kickout like a man’ o) | Whestad Leaders = 7000, L | An Induing giri says she finds nothiog so zood {for.the complesion s ruboing. ber face. on a. | younw man’s.vest, The young:man must be in: e of it, though v~ =~ .t - : They Wefe talicine aboat the ‘welght of Aiffer: “ent ndividnals jn x cértain family In Newark the other evening. and the dauchter's young 1nan spoke up before he thonght, and said: “1 tell you that Jenny isn’t so vVery light, either, .| one exclaimed, as the | sfraid of lightning!* | sugzested, for u- reason, that- the vounr man ' thousands at this time who died and were . London—perished in the plague. alt] ouch she looks_so0.” And ‘then he looked suddenly consclous’and_blushed, and Jeany be- mv.- absorbed in studging a chromo on the. “The proper time for a gifl to marry Is after.| she has counted up her cash and finds that she ©an support herself iu case . her husband . turns volitician.—Detroit Fres Press. : & Old party (who has sent for the landlord):f e I.-ndx}nrdv, & can’t get anything to eat. - Your!, pretty waiter-irls devote ‘their . time to the g:m—}‘ofigze i!unng 1{‘:110‘\:3. l}laven’&yqn znlt a v old waiter beauty? ".-Harna'"l’li?n:a:? ‘osf- e Jaste or‘ " _Shopman—*‘If yon will_ step into the mext | roam Lshall be able to shiow vou some wonder- {‘Hl old jarsrecently. dug upat Pompeil.” Lady—' What! that horrid old Itatian town? Why, I couldn't bear anything that came from the place; it is so fearfully out of repalr. 2 4As two ladies were walking along the street, one. sky suddenly darkened, There's 2 thunderstorm coming on. T'm so ] To which the other calmly" replied, * Very well; my dear; then let us step Into this car, which scems_to havo a good con.. ctor. : : Plter!amllhs—:“ What! leave here to-morrow?: I thoucl we wete settled for the summer.”| Materfamilias—“ Yes, mv dear. But the dear £irls have worn all their new dresses at least twice bere, and we must find some place where ther can wear them a couple of times more.”~ Harper's Bazar. . Boston Transeript: We heara of acase the other day where 2’ younz man applied to his emploger for a skort leave of absence. The employer, having ms own views of bis business, delay his vacation « few days. * I would,” re- plied the youne man, * but the fact is. 1 am 20- ing away to get married, the dav is_appointed, and I wanf to be there when it comes off” He was there oo time. A gentlemau was sitting .at a dinner-party next to a beautifui fady, whose dress was what the French call very decoliette; which weans, I believe, very beautiful. A footman was hand- iog round the ice, the lady was leaning forward, but. a5 the footman passed, suddenly leaned back and struck his hand Loldine the dish. The Bpoou, contalniug a lumy :of ice. fell down her back inside the beautifal or decolletre dress. What was the gentleman todo? 1 ask for no answer, and am_ trying to forget the cose.—- London Vunity Fair. . THE PLAGUE. London’s Terrible Visitation Two Hundred . Years Ago. Brooklym Eagte. 1t s well known that Defoe’s work on the lague—vigorous, dramatic, and, powerfal as it is—does nos pretend to give a detailed nistory of the scourze- His lively imaainazion comes into play, but witnout question he gathered up the traditions of that dreadful year. and, so far as his statistics are concerned, they are found to agree exactly with official returns, and, what Is more to the point, inany of the statements he sets down as fact are verified by Samuel Pepys in bis diary. The City of London, as it was in 1665, differed very much from whatit is now. The real city was at the East End. - The districts like: Isling- ton were then villugos outside the bills of mor- tality, and {u the outlying districts it irst made its appearance. - The residents of the city proper bad made up their mind at one time that it would nov reach them, but how fallacious was this belief they speedily realized. The first intimation Pepys gives us of_ the plague comes with a shock. We share at once with him_ the dismay and horror of the sieht. 1t was in June of 1865 when he went out. Here s the part of the entry: The hottest’ day that everI feit in_all my life. This day, much gesinst my will, I did in Drur Lane sce two or three houses marked with & red crass upon the doors, and **Lord bave mercy npon A" was wnit thete, which was a uad sight to me, being the first of the'kind that to my remombrance Ieversaw. Itputme into an ill' conception of myself and my emell, ¢0 that 1 was. forced to by some roll tobicco to smeli and 10 chiaw, which took away the apprebension, * | The -population of London, all_told, was at this time about half 2 million, . Twenty years later Macaulay estimates it about 330,000, and points ont that the citizens it tbat day had the most shadoyy notions of the real fizures, many supposing, from the density oL the population, that 1t represented miltions. * But it really was about the size of the Brooklyn of to-day. This can be readily believed trom the fact that, pre- ‘vious to the appearante of the plague, theregu- lar death-rate was ‘about 400. This being the case we ean {magine thé terror of the communi- ty at learning iu July, 1635, that the figures bad leaped upto 1,265, while the following week they rose to 1,761, and continued steadily to in- crease until .in the middle of Septembcr, when the population was reduced by flizat and wor- tality to about haif ts size, it reached the dread- ful maximum of 8.207in a singte week. 'The mortality bills vlaced the whole nu r of deaths from Aug.. to Oct. 10 at 63,500, and both Defoe and Pepys show tont there were thrown into ‘tlic pits withiout any attempt at counting. In.short, it is not ovgrestimating the mortality to say that 100,000 men, women, and_children—one-fifth of the population of "The authorities did what they conld. They impressed citizens into whe duty, of searching their neighbors for plague spots; a corps of watchmen was orgavized. two of whom were stationec outside every infected house, reliev- iug one another day and. night; the sick were shut in, and no person was allowed tojome out of a house once visited hy tue disease: every night the dead carts were driven thronzh the deserted streets, the drivers blowing a horn and crying 'to survivors to bring out their dead. The weckly bills of mortality, posted In the public pfaces, were surrounded by guunt and pullid men and women. People, meéeting onthe streets, crossed over 50 as to give each other the widest berth. Stroug men, apparently in the best of heaith, but actually devoured internally by the frightful poison, drooped shricking cn Die pavement und died in a few minutes, to be icked up and dumped into the pits. How well this work of burial was performed Defoe bears witness: v But the Magistrates cannot be eriough commend- ed in thig, that they kept such good order for the buryiug of the deud thut as /a5t as any of those they employed 10 carry off and bury the dead fell sick-or died. 23 was many Limes the Case, they immediate- ly suppliea their places with others, which, by reason of the grest number of poor thas was' left out of husiness, a8 ubuve, was ot bavd to do. This occasioned that, uotwithitanding the intinite num- ber of people whicu died and were sick, almost all lo!nlher,myel they were always cleared away and carcied off every night, so it was never to be said of London that the i1ving were 30t able to bury the dead. - How the city looked at this time it is interest- ing to learn, and the following passaze presents ascene of desolation which it 'is to be hoped wiil never again be witnessed: The great eteet 1 fived in. which is known to be one of the hroadest of all the streets of London, —I mean of the auburos as well us the liberties,—all the side where the butchers lived, especiaily with- out the bars, wag more like a zreen fiekl than a yaved street, and che people generally went in the inlddle withtbe horses and carts. It is true that the farthest eud. toward Whitcchapel Charch, was notall paved, but even the part thar ‘was paved was foll of graes also; bot this need not seem strange, fer the great streets within the cits, such 23 Leadenhall street, Bisnupsgute street. Corn- Dill, and_even the "Exchange jtself, had grass srowing in them in veveral places. 'Neither cart Dar coach wag seen in the etrects from morning to evening. except some country cacts fo brine roois and beans, or peas. hay, and striw 10 the market, and of thuse but vers few compared 10 what way uiual. As for cusches, they. were scarcely used but to carry sick people to the pesthouse and other hospitale, ann some fow tocarcy physicians to euch places s they thought Q1o veature to vieit: for really coaches were dangerous things, and people did not dace to venture_ info them, because they did not know who mizht have beer. carried in them Jast; und sick, infected neople were, 8s I have sal, ordinaniy carried in them 10 thé pesthonzes, and gometimes people expired in them a3 they went alonr. - : Just here comes ina little bit of description by Pepys: - - Aug. 30.—Abroxd and: met with Hadley, onc clerk, wito, upon =aking how the plague zoes, told me it increases much and much in our pariab; for, sayu he, there died nine this week, thoash I have retnzued but six; which is a very ill_practice,-and nakes me think it is so in other places, and, there- fore, much greater than people take it o be. T weat forty and wulked toward Mooredelds to sce, and forgive my presamption whether Lcould sce any dead corpse _zoinz to tne. grave, but, 23 God. would have it, did",ndt. ‘Bat, Lord, how every- body's looks and discounse in the screctis of death and nothinz . else; and few people zoinz up 50 down. that the, town.is like 3 place distressed and forsaken. © - ML 5 E ‘The éxtract for the following day gives some #dea of /the suspitions ‘ rew the' mortality Teturns even thenz.. « -+ en gted B2 *- Aug.3L—Up: andafter putiing sevclul thities in order io my removal to Woblwich; the playne bav- " mg a creat increase this week, beyond all expecta- tion, of almast 2,000, making she 2vneral biil 7.600. oda hundred, aud the plague above 6,000. Thus, this month ends with greal sadpess upon the pob- Tcl thronzly the ureaitieds' of the. plamic cvery- ‘here through :the Kingdoms . 2lmost - every day sadder ana s2dder news. of iis:increase. In_the city died tiis week 7,436, and of 1hem’ 6,102 of the plague, But it i8 fearcd hat the true number. of the dead this week 15 near 10,000, partly from the poor that cannot be taken noticé of. through the grestness of number, -and partly from the .| lations had been uakers and others, that wil e foraad others, that will not kave any beil _ The peculiarity of this dfScase was- the de- firium which accompanied it, and which, as in yellow fever, small-pox, and other wost Jnfees tlous awakened an extroordivary: pro- ygnsity in the atilicted person to run leediessly o the street. ' Defoe sags that “agreat nom- ber did so'and offered all-sorts -of violence to those they met, even just as a mad doz runs on and bites at cvery one he meets; mor can 1 doubt,” he adds, ** bat that should one of thesy infected discased creatures have bitten any man or woman while the frenzy of the distemper was upon them, they, { mean the person so wound: €d, would as certainly have: been incurably In fected as one that was sick before, and bad tae wgens Fpou Mm-’; o - ne jostance of many he gives of a poor wretch who, raving and distracted with the agony of the great wound which the disease en- ?cndcl‘ed. dashed through the desolate strect for somebody to infect, singing, shouting, and. blasphemiug. At length he caushe a young womag, ~whose condition only axeravated hiz rage. Her the poor madman’ seized, shouting that he had .the plague and must kiss her, which, indeed, he did." She fell in 3 swoon, ta the pround, but, though she recovercd con- sclousucss, she died & few days afterward. Where people were dyin« at the rate of 1,000 aday it was wholly impossible to bury them with any pretense of decency, and nfter June the system of sending round a eart for the dead wasintroduced. Previous to that special rejru. published as rezargs the hold- ing of funeral sersices in church over the bodies” of those who had died of -the- plague, but the infection was so obvious- Iy ‘spread by them that other measures Were taken. Such was the terror of the diseasy that frequentls even members of the family of astricken wreteh wonld elude the vigilance of the wazchman, or, a3 too frequently happened, takeadvantage of the fact that the poor wretch bad died over nizat, to leave their prison-house, inabody, abandoning a father, mother, son, daucater, even husbands and wives, todie aloze. Jn such cases no pretense of preparing the body for the zrave was made, and the festering corpss was throfn naked in to the cart with dozens of others and carted otfgto oue of the sickening pits, around which candles were kept -buraiog through the night. Oneof these piis Defoe describes with horrible minuteness. 1t was about twerity feee wide, twenty fee: deep, aud forty feet long, and the dreadlul cart-loads were shot into it just as rubbish is dwnped to make s0il fu marsny places. Then the earth was seat- tered quickly over the last addition until the bodies wercwithin six feet of the surface, when it waetilled up anda new one was made. While the disease was ragins in the suburbs the Magis~ trates in the city proper, with some degres of foresight, bad”a number of these * eulfs,” ag the author terms thewm, prepared in advance. For this they were severely criticised, but when the pestilence fell with full weigat upon the city their prudence was recomuized, for At une time it seemed as thouzh men could nut be found io dig them fast enough for the burial of the victims. The first three weeks of September saw tho erisis_of this visitation. Aceondinz to all au- thorities the retarns really included hut hulf the number, and the weekly mortality must nave ranged from 10,000 to 15.00. Whole famlics were obliterated in a day, aud In nearly all the streets hardly a house thut bad uob the infee- tion. The carriers of the dead, overorki exposed to all the horrors of the di at their pusts. Aercis Defor’s account. The confusion amons the people, especially thove: wilhin the citzal that time, was inexvreesivle. The terror was ¥0 sreat at last that the courage of the peaple appainied 10 carry away the dend bemuy 1o fal them. Nay, severaiof tuem died, uithcnzy they had the distemper before and were recovere andsome of them drcpped down when they been carrying the ics_even _at. the pitside and - just ready -to throw them ia. And this confusion was ‘ greater in the city becanse’ they had flattered themselves witls hopes of escaping, ana thoaght the bitterness ot death wae past. "One cart, taey toid s, golng up Shoreditch, was forsaken by vh¢ drivers, cr befn left toone man to drive, he died fu the stree:, un the: horves zoing on oserthrew the eurt,and left the bodics, some thrown bere zud some there, in a dismal manner. Auother cart. 1t scems, was found 1 the great it in Finstury Fields:'the dnver being dead, or havin been zone and nusudoned i, 5nd e horses runmine 100 near it. the cart feli 1a 5 and drew the Lorses 1 afso. It was suggested thuy the driver was thrown in with if, and that tne cary fell upon him, by reason his whip was scen to be in tne pit among the todies; hut that, I suppose, could not be certain, So tezrificd were the people that they lowered thexr dead dowu from sindows or balcontes, and nobody kept any account of how many were put into cart 0r how many died. Once dead, the greater object was 10 get Tid of the body ns speed- ily a3 possivle. Aud yet no_bodies remained tni- buried. By the middle of Septemoce 1t becams evident that, should the plazue continue w zrow 2 it nad dont, the remainius survivors mast ces- tainly be taken wita itin ut least two, or tiree weeks: bat the Inst week in September slowpa mazimum. Then the welcome fict was ascerrsi cd, pamely, that, aithouch the steady rate uf Créase of Dew caes hiad been kept up, te Fitio of mortality begin to decrease very considerabi Iind the latter been maintainca, the first weei Octover would have witnesséd 20,000 deathy, - whereas it waz a trifle siort of the week preced- ing. Then it dropped to §,460; the next week 10°5,7205 then to but 2,665, and 50 on, until in November it was among tae hundreds again. Duc here, 13 usual, the toliy of mankind protracted the isitition. AS svon u3 it bezan to be seneral *known that the dicease wus an the decline, ev body who hiad fled returned at oact to London, aad in the reaction, from the long period of panic the mout ordinary precautions were jmnored. Iufec- tion wss regarded na a thing of the past, and by discase was looked upon \With contempt propo: tioned to the awe and terror it had before inspired. A natural conscquence was that it biazed ap agn for » time. till *ihe peoule, learning wisdom, grew careful. It hang on, however, far into the ¥pring of 1666, and shorly afteriward came the wreat ire, which Swept away al! tae miscrable rookerics of ‘the old city, purifiod rat-hole temements with fiae, and rendered 2 teturn of that particulur dis- cuse impossible. il DREAM-LAND. Beantifal, beautifal Land of Dreams! Where the light of Fancy richly beams, Where leles and oceans in giory i And 1 decper nue has the azure skt The soft winds whisper it accents low, And the snn-clouds tiere wear a richer slow, ‘And the sun witn Rofter splendor beama O'er wood and wave in the Land of Dreams. Beautiful, beautifal Land of Dreams? 5 Where the lizht of Fancy softly beams, Where sturs beam forth fike Isles of lizht, And the green woods'wave ‘neath moonbesms ° bright - That falin effalzence, -calo and still, O'er glesming waters und verdant il, And myriad blossoms wreathe and twine O'er gray oid rocks in this Land of mine. Beautiful, beautifnl Land of Dresmst N Where the sad soul cutches the radiant gleams That plerce throuzh the shaows, and, conguering ime, b Circle the Bresent with 5 halo suoline, o And we xce no more aimly, but move in a world « Where hapner of Hope is broudly unfuricd, Where wo cameth not, whet ctecnally beams Blisa untold iu the Land of Drcama. Beaatiful, beaatiful Land of Dreams! ‘Where the lizht of Memory softly beams. Ohb! forms of the lovedof other veurs Gather "round us there;, undimpied by tears’ Arc the smilig eyes, and il hearts are gay And the voices swect as In Lifc's younz day., When the red lips sang, **Life bn%hlly Deums— No joy like this hath the Land of Dreama.™ But saa are the eyes of the loved oncs now, And care has marked each fair youns brow: iNeath the ebadow of Time has cach glad heart Jouth depast, arn Felt the frealt, wvect Spring of ity Felt the fervid heat of the Summer The fragile buds that may not return, As we saaly maze where fadingly beams The light that made radiant the Laod of Dreams, Bu there is 3 Land that softly heams With a light srpassing tho Lznd of Dreams. *-Eye hath not secn, ear hath not heard, " And the inmost depths of tae apirit are stirr’d By the voice breathing softly, **Oa! come unto . e 3 1¢ stills the wild waves of Doabt's turbulent sea. And we enter the Haven. 0 heart! be thoa afil— We wake or we dream at His bidding or will. Cruscaso. Magoiz A. Corye. MOTHERLESS, <What fs bome without a mother Ah! aurely best they know Where the day's long, weary shadow Dies with no sansel zlow K Where the pained eur aches with walting, But heats no answer sweet; : " Where the eyes grow dim with watching *“The deag lost face to greets - ‘Where the children mect at twilight Soux fhe darkacts S ‘No soft with'fond cares To saothe the troubled head; - . Whereuo kiss with love's sweet healing, In silences of nighk, < i~ Like o benediction holy < Gives peace till morning-light. ¢ the dark, wide pulf's deep yawning, Al e nehist void ubaeds %6 + Al the silence a-ear. unbroken, . (< + rifled: s e, :pall onlified, % - e presence zeim and cold, - That have ilea with #loom the places * That sae made beizht of old.” *. Ttisdav without st sunshize, < o A June with roses dead ; Yt iy Summer without bacyest, - . i1 ' “Batblishied fields instead: i :Itis blwckest wini of sorrow Low brooding. day by day, . "O'er the heart’s most sacred yearning, s, ‘While slow 'CArs pass awsy. g 0, 1L, x e "Dm?flm y