Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 19, 1878, Page 4

AN ARTAESR &L e e s ATt 2 BRI R 0 5.2 .C The Tvibaware, “e TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DY MAIL~IN ADVANCA—TOSTAGE PREPATD, Daily Editton. one yrar. B12.4 T'arts of A gear, per moni 10 Banday Edition: Literary and Reitgions sheet. s.fl ot b 383 Rpecimen coples sent free. Give Post-Office address in fall, fnclading State and Connty. Bemittances may be made elther by dratt, express, Peat-Office orler, or In reglatered Ietter, at our risk. TERMS TO CITY SURSCRIDE Datly, delfserrd, Randay execpted, 25 centd per week. Dally, delfvered, Bundsy Includel, 30 cents per week. Address | THE TRIBDUNE COMPANY, Cornet Madison and Dearharn-sta.. Chicago, 111 Orders {or the delivery of TR TRInUXE at Eyanston, Englewood, and Hyde Park left In the countlng-room Wil reccive promot attentio TRIDUNE BRANCII OFFICES. One cony. ver year. Tz Catcato TRINTAE has eatablished hranch offices for the receipt of subscriptions and advertisements aa follows: NEW YOTIR~Room 29 Tribune Rufiding. F.T.Me+ Fapnxx, Manager. TARIS, France—~Yo. 10 Rue de la Grange-Batellere, 11, ManLrr, Agent. —Ameriean Exchangr, 449 Stfand, Hexny F, OinLio, Agent. ace IMotel. TAMUSEMENTS, IHooley's Theatres g , Mendolph streer, between Clark and l.l!"!k. Engagement of Harry Mp and Tuck. Sinverly’s Thentre, Tiearborn atreet, corner of Monroe, Fngagement of 4he Colsiile Folly Company, **Our Cinderella.” MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 1878, — e In Now York ou Saturdny greonbacks yuled steady at 993 in gold and silver coin. pisdedllo Bt Aoy The Ausirian advance into Bosnia contin. nes to bo stubbornly contested by Christians and Mohammedans nlike, Iarge nnmbers of the former having taken up arms in conse- quenco of the heavy fines inflicted upon thom by the Anstrians, whila tho Turkish troops garrisoning positions in the rogion of the collisions invariably go to the help of tho insurgonts. Bt Touls deserves exemption from the yellow-fover seourgo asn reword for the vigilanco of hor suthorities. They found that refugoes from tho infected districts of tho South woro dodging the quarantine by cntting across lots and boarding trains below Bolmont, aud bnd the satisfaction of inter- copling o party among whom were two per- sons already sick with the fever. e Slate Trensurer, in his roport to Gov. PueLrs, does not materinlly diminish the prospect 1hiat his maoagoment of tho State finances will entail a loss of from $500,000 to $1,000,- 000. His cxplauation of the discrepancy of facts in his July statement in regard to the Mastin Bank deposit is not calculated to ipspiro confidence, sines ho admits having reported o8 roceived from the bank the sum .of 2220,000 which the bank was unable to pay on the 1st of July, but which it prom- ised to make good & fow days latar, but instead snaponded psyment soon after. fenor ZaMAcoNa, the Mexican Minister nt Wasbinglon, perpetrated d rather nent rotort when, belng asked if he auticipated a war between the United States and Mexlco, he gavo an emphatic negative, and added that, while President D1az was very desirons of putting down lawlessuess on the border, tho Mexican Qovernment, liko that of the United States, could.not at nll times keep perfect order in outlying and sparsely-in- hobited States. Which 18 quile true, so far na it goes; but there fs s distinction which Senor Zamacona failed to observe, viz. : that the Mexican Government, nutike the United States, hns wholly failed to exhibit n decided disposition to put down lawlessness on the border and to kesp perfect order in outlying ond sparscly-inhabited Btates, Tho people of the United States wonld be willing to take the will for the deed 1o o great extent in the easo of Mexico, The chief religious event of local interest yesterday wasthecamp-tneotingat Desplaines, whera an sssemblage of 3,000 people gathered in spito of the discournging nspect ot the awenther. 'The sermon was by the Rev. Dr. ‘WiLLIAMs0X, of tho Michigan Avenuo Chureh, on the vastness of Eteruity, and is printed inourcolumns thismorning. Othersermons, of which nbstracts are given, are those of the Rev, Crinton Locxe,of Grace Episcopal Church, on *Gilded Vice,” na tople peculiarly sppropriate in connection with the occurrenco of the crimo of the sbscond- ing Awoerr, which is just now agitating polite circles in Chicago: of the Rev. J. Brvant Ronmsoy, of Loufsville, Ky., at the Yhird Presbyterian Church, on “Christ's Tenchiugs;” of the Rev. R. DeBarriste, at Olivet M. E. Churgh, on * Meditative Plety;" of the Rov. W. L. Gacr, of Hartford, Conu., at the Fourth Presbyterian Church, on ' Man's Greatness ;" andof the Rev. Touas XK. Corryay, of 8t. Jokn's Episcopal Chureh, on the ** Lawleasness of Bociety,” A gloomy plcture of tha political situation and outlook for the Republicans of Alabama is presented in a letter printed this morning from a correepoudent at Belina, who describos the methods by whick the Democeracy of that Btate wero able to carry the recent eloction almost * without opposition.” In countics und districts where the colored vote wes lurgely preponderant scparste approaches to the polling places were yrovided, whereat white Democrats were privileged to deposit their ballots rapidly,—and repeatedly in many cases, it appears,—whils colored Republicans wero delayed and obstructed by cvery means, short of actual violence, kuown to desperate and unprincipled partisanship. Thoelection machinery is cxelusively {n tho hands of the Dewmocrats, and they uso it rleutlessly to ronder the casting of Itepublicau votes both odious and dificult. ‘They meun to deave no possibility of Republican success iu a State with a legitimate Hapublican majority in o fuir and freo election, and ave preparing for the time when a Solid South shall claim s predomineuce in the control of Nutional affuiry under & Democratio Administration, It 50 heppened that the Kranrwzy demon- strution in Indianapolis yesterday cawe juto competition with » demonstration of wel comwe to the new Catholio Buhop of the Di- veese, and the result furgished additional proof that the blatsut Communist frow Cal- iforuis can expeet ucither comfort nor coun- tenanco from the grost body of the Catholio Chureh, The new Bishop was weloawed by & vast crowd of people glad of the opportu- nity to show their zeapect for Lis holy ofice, and Kyaxsey was ucglected with cou- spicuvus coutumpt, the stzwet procasion which was to buvo received sud escorted him to the picnic grounds suwberitg but sisty- eight Ly a.tudd cosnt, “The pand-tot ortor conld not lelp feeling tho chill; he com- plained of fatigne, and his spéech fo a small crowd in the grove was brief and spiritless. The Indianapolis demonstration was a sig- nificant samplo of the estimate hold of Kxagxzy among Western workingmen. Heo 18 a failaro ns & sonsationalist in this longi- tude, and ought to lose no time in returning to the open arms of the ’ Frisco Hoodluma. THE FRENCH ASSIGNATS, ‘The plan to mnks everybody rich by issu. ing fiat-money is mot mow. It has been tried many times, and las always failed. For tho benofit of porsons who honestly be- lieva that the plan is practicable, we propose to notice an historical trial of it. The Fronch nsaignats are the best historienl ox- nmnplo of n paper currency based upon * the resources of n nation,” without regard to the wants of trade. Tho nssignats were first proposed during the Fronch Revolution. 'Tho Revolutionary Government found itself in strange and awkward circumstances, It Lind an army to support, an immense war to carry on, Aud no money. But it had ro- sources, or what it aupposed wero ruch. Crown and Church property to tho amonn of 80,000,000 had been ordored sold by the Assembly. It was desirnble to flnd means of disposiug of these lands without deprecint. ing thelr value, Jeax Srevary Bamny, a Doputy and Mayor of Paris, cnmne forward with a plan to accomplish this. * Ifa pro- posed”"—wo quote from Tmwna® * French Ttevolution"—** to tranafer theso possessions to the municipalities, which should purchnse them ina wmass, for tho purpose of selling them ngan by degrees, so that' tho sales of all might uot take place at once. Tho mu- nicipalitics, not baving funds to pay im- mediatoly, should give billa at a certain dato. and tho conditions of the State wero Lo bo paid with dona [orders] on communes, which they were required to pay off in snccession. These dons, which in the discussion were called municipal paper, furnished the first iden of tho nssignats,” This plan was at once approved. But it occurred to mauy members of the Assembly that, in the exist- ing stato of affairs, many peoplo might not wish to buy lands or to take assignats in exchanga for commoditics. It was there- fore determined to givo them a forced cur- rancy, or, in other words, to make * legal- tender” of them, Under these conditions, tho firat issne of assignats was made Dec. 19, 1790. It amounted to $80,000,000, tho eatimated value of the lands first ordored sold by the Assembly, but a more tithe in valuo of oll the lands confiscated. The as- signats thus issued were distinctly mnde payable in land. ** Domain Nationaux " was printed on them, and they were nndarstood and declared to bo assignmentsof the nation- o1 Inads to the holders of the bills of credit. The socond issuc of nssignats, made June 1,1702, amonated also to $80,000,000, Sept. 23 of the same yeara third fssue of 160,000,000 was authorized, but it wasat the same time explicitly declared that the total of $250,000,000 should not be exceeded, and that the assignats redeemed in lands should bo canceled and destroyed. 'The first issue, it sliould bo understood, bore Interest at 4 per cont; all the other issues bore no interest. By Augnst, 1793, the amount in circulation was $765,200,000. Meaus were then taken to diminish tho circulation. Mors than 8100,000,000 worth bearing the Royal efigy were demonetized, and 200,000,000 wero redecmed by & forced voluntary losn. By these and other means the volumo of currency was largely decrensed. The assig. -nnts, which had fallen three-fourths and even four-fifths of their value, rose to par with specie, Part of this rise was due to the de- crense in tha circulation, and part possibly to the victories of the Ropublican armies, and the stringent laws agmnst the uso of specie, giving all lidden gold, silver, or jew- els to tho State and the informers. The tomporary appreciation of the as- signats was speedily lost, Encoursged by their apparent favor with the people, the Assembly sot tho prosses in motion again. At the boginning of 1704 the sum total of the lsanes was doubled. Nearly $800,000,000 bad been added to the sum which previously exiated, nnd had rafsed it to about $1,600,- 000,000, Dedacting the sums which had comeé back and beon burned, there remained in actual circulation $1,107,200,000. In Juno of the same year the creation of a fresh 200,000,000 wna ordered, Tho depreciation from this point was rapid. Tn gpite of the victorles of the Republic, the assiguats, after the fall of Robesrierre, were not worth more than o sixth or an eighth of their nominal value. They lost all meaning s a weasure of values. Hpeculation again be- came rife, and, as AnisoN says, ‘' The people, in the midst of the horrors of famine, wero exaspernted by tho sight of fortuncs made out of the misery which they endured.” The lonis was sold for €0 livres in paper, and in an hour tho prico was made to fluctuate frow 160 to 200, aud even 210 livred, Jomanxor proposed o roturn to motals ay tho measure of values. Jean Box Br. Axpaz proposed cofn. Rarrron proposed thot ussignata should fall 1 per cent evory day. But for oue veason amd an. other the Assembly rejected all these expe- dicuts, and passed 8 docree doclaring that it would not listen to any proposition tending to bankruptey. Meanwhile, bankruptoy had come anl established itaslf, Riots broke out on account of the scarcity of provisions and fuel, and the impossibility of buying them with the only ocurrency permitted by tho Assembly, Dread wus put up for sale in the Talals Royal at $1.50 per pound, and boatmon at oneof the passages of the Beino offercd $8,000 fora service for which thoy formorly paid #:20. Y Comblen? " ssid one to a hackuey-coach- wan, * what fare?” ¢ Six thousand livres,” auswered he: some 1,500 ju paper-uon. oy. Picurary, at tho head of the Army of the North, with a nomiual pay of §800 a wmontl, was fo the nctual recoipt on tho Rbine, in 1795, of only 40 of gold and sil- ver: ‘The tunds on which the eunrmons paner elrcula- tlou was based fw quote frun) ALisom), embrsce ink all the conflscated property in the Kinudow in lands, houses, und moveavles, weew evtiniatod at sbove $30.000, 000, L00; but, Tu th dlstracted sata of the country, few purchasers could be found jur such imuiense natiots} domslne; und, thersfore, the secunity was, for wll peacticul purposes, mesely nomiual, Foreizn commerce baving begul ¥ive with the ceeration of the Reitu of Terror, sules being no looger forced, tbe sssimmal was Vroupht 1uto colparisun with thae cusrency of other couutrics, sud tv cnurmois iieriurity precipitated st furthcr i fall, Iu Junuory, 1704 lu‘{lll ou, fu bl **The. ory aud Practice bf Dankiog™ ], (be oweigoaty ju @ireulation smounted to $10,000.000, 000, “and the parer mouer bad fallen (o une-thoussudth partof u‘ uominal value. ‘e Goveruwent then deter- eyt 50 uwlvuate to one wandate, whics were Lo by cachaugenble directly fur laud, at the wilf of the holderg ou demoud. Ve Curtaluty of oolalne fop Jaud for thews made tuctn rise for w shors fime 08U per cent uf thelr uowlual value; hut poces: ity cuiapelied by Guvernment 10 seud §.w0, 0u uf thuse twandates, secured spon land poscd o bu of that volue. This urodiglous seut ihe nundates duwd to uearly the s coant 82 the sasizuats Were, and, culacqusatly, se one waudats wu cqusl 10 30 Bsmguuie, the lat- Gar bad fallen to weariy the tulrty-ihousandin art of thelr wowinal value. At lunziu, un thy Fath 6f Suby, tho wiiole sveten was demoltabed at ablow. Adecrce was pablished that every une Bzt Lrataact biislacss 1 La lvney be cBoss, aud THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY. AUGUST 19, 1878, 1l the mandstes should only be taknen at thelr current valne, which shonld be pnbliwhed every dny At the Treannry. Two days afterw knls it was decreed that the national property rem aintng nn- disposed of shonld be #old for mandatoa ut their current valoe, As & matter of conrse, the pablle creditoes recelved paymens of their debits in the #ame proportion, A few facts aro to be noticed in a com- parison of the Fronch assignats with the proposed flat-monoy of America. Flizat, the nesignats had a more terribla fiat behind them than it would be possible fora free Governmont like that of the Unitod States to oxereise. On the 11th of Aprd, 1703, the Convention decreed six years' fraprison. ment in ohains toany ono who bought or rold assignats for aoy som in specie different from their nominal value, or male any difference belwaon n money prico and & paper price in payment of goods, Later, tho ponalty was increased to twonty years’ imprisonment; and those aro but apecimons of many ensctments to the samo effect, including thoso which pre- seribed A maximum welling-price, and pnn. fahed forestalling, or “{he withholding fromcirculation of articles of firat nocessity,” with death. Thess surcly wero fiats of the most powerfnl kind; but the paper money fellin valuo in spite of them, 1f Fronch fiats in a roign of terror conld not keep pa- peor monoy in circulation, how can Amerlcan fiats, In a poacoful and law-nbiding com- nutnity, d2 more ? A second Important differeuco Lotwaen the French assignats and thoe proposed Ameri- can flat-money is that the former actually ropregented valus nml was based on com. modities, The property seized whon the assignats were first issued was valned at £400,000,000, and this incrensed gradually to $1,750,000,000, and finally to $3,(00,000,+ 000; but the grand total was not sufficient to Leop in circulation at par even 3500,000,- 000 of wnndates, directly exchangeable for land. The American flal-monay, i it were issuied, would not havo evon land back of {t, but merely the declaration of the Govern- mont, and that declaration, as wo have al- rendy shown, conld not be enforced. Tho fallacy, of tho assignats was in basing them npon a commodity, and supposing that they conld safely bo jssucd so long as the commodity on which thoy were Lased was upexhansted. DBut money is n medium of ox- change; and, if more of it isissued than is required lo accomplish exclanges, it mast depreciate in proportion to the oxcess of the supply, whother it ia based on land or any other commodity, Prof. Penrr well says, in this connection, in his Political Economy: ‘There can be no doabt that these assignats cansod mote suffering In the French Hevolution s hunared fold then tho prisons ani the gulliotioe, *It sy be rald that tho (Government ought wot to havo ferucd them In such qasntitier. Perhops it ought not. liut there never has been a Government yet, of the many which have fraacd Irredeemable paper, which had the wisdom and drmness to resist for any great length of thmo the temntation to emit largte quantities. ‘There ia no Atopoing when once the Isanc is began. The firat bitch of such paper uaually banishes coln Irom the corrency. Thore is noway to entlce it back except to call in and burn np the paner. Revolutlonary Qovernments are not encrally in a position to do this. Thetefore thoy have recourse fo credit-money, and iien tho press laset at work it must work on with livelier speed, becauso just in the ratio of the depreclation 14 & greater smonnt required to meet (he ordinary Ppayments. . The history of the assigonats shows, if it shows anything, that no currency can safely bo issued boyond the wants of trade. The question is not ono of security alone, but of use; and if a currency, however weil so- carod, is in excess of the use, or domaud, for it, it must dopreciate. Depreciation is likely to be much more rapid and disastrous in the caso of a money basod on a flat of Govern. ment alone, than in that of currency rest- ing upon an unquestioned security.in publio lands, Bo that, if we had to choose be- twoon flat-money nnd a irial of assignats based on publio lands in Amerien, 'we should choose the latter ns the ‘wiser plan. Hut either would o, it history teaches auything, disastrous in the extreme, A NEW CALENDAR OF CRIMES, A fair notion of the reckless and unscrn. pnlous exnggem\lon of the domngogues who run the Communist and Fiat Conventions may be obtaned from the fallowing extract from the platform of the Connccticut ** Na- tionals”: Ant, I. Wo denounce as crimes againat tho peo- le the law making tho greenback only a partial legal-tender; tho act creating the natlonal-oank- ini schema; the act changing careency-honds Into coln-bondn; the uct exempting bonda from faxa- tlons the act repealing tholucome-lax; the act do- monetlzing silver; the act for Ing_interent- Learing bonds for the purchare of siiver bullion to be converted into subsldiary coln; the act for the forced resumption of logal-tender puymente; tho act for the indefloite fncrease of national-bank circulation and enormous_contraction of the vol- umo vf the clreulsting medium, We recogalze tha financial legislation of the Uovernment from tha commencemont of the Clvil War as an arbitrary dictation of a syndicats of baukors and uwnrees, with tne alngle purpoese of rovblng the many to en- rich tho few, ‘Wenster deflnes a crimo to be *any vio- Iation of law, cither human or divine;" “a grosa offonse, or violation of law, in distine- tion from o misdemeanor, or a trospass, or other slight ofonse "'; **any aggravated of- fonsa ogefust morality or the public wel. fare.” Itisonly under tho last definition that the denunciation of the entimerated charges as “orimes ™ can ba justified oven in o rhotorical sense; literally the framers of the laws which are so violently condemned ought to be indieted and sont to the Peni- tentiary, it the things wero really crimes which tho * Natlonals" denounce ss such. Let us see what is the true character of these *crimes"s 1, Itiaalleged to have beon eriminal to mako the groenback only *a partial legal- tender,” Tho absurdity of this statemoent oppears from the fact that the authority to make the greenbacks logal-tender o any ex- tent was derivod from the necessities of war, and that it would have been a ¢ crimo” ngainst the Constitution if this authority Liad been exercised uudor any other condi- tions, HBuch is tho decisign of the Supreme Court, and the only inteliigent inter- protation of the Coustitution, In ex. ercising an extrnorlinary power, it 18 certainly pot a crims, but o daty, to con- fine it within the narrowest limits permitted by the exigencles of tho csso, Tho .only limitation apon the legal-tender fanction of the greenbacks was tho refusal to recelvo them in payment of duties, aud it was neces- sary to collect this rovenus in the monoy of the world, in order to pay iu that money the interest on the Government bonds, Without such a provision, the interest on the publio debt: could not have been paid in coin; and, without paying the intorest on tho public dobt iu coin, the Gouyerument could not have sold its bonds abroad, and could not have obtained the mouoy necessary to prosscute the War for the Union. Huch a failure ‘would Lavg been much wore Like a * orine,” for it would have boou a cowardly yud wick. ed pbandonment of & Loly war. 2, Tho oot croating the national-baoking systemn iu also denoynced B+ & *crime.” T'hut is to say, it was & “‘crime” to furniih the people with a system whereby the cir- culatiog medimw of the country was enlarged by several hundred millions of dollars, and thie cxtra circulation abeolgtely gusrantéod to Lo as good os tho Governgeut curronoy iteelf, It is very singular that the *Nation. als,” whosp chiof aim is to secure an en- Lurzed voluws of peper mouoy, should de- nonnce s eriminal an act which achieved just that ond; and those who remember the wildeat monoy that. circuiated beforo the War, under the Btato nnd private banking system, will searcely agros that it waa s very heinous offense to substituta & national bank currency which waa uniform to tho extent of being alwags at par with green- backs, and tho redemption of which in legal- tender was absolutely secured by the de- posit of United Btaten bonds, Nor will the millions of people who hnve had & personal oxperionce in the advantages which the national.banking system has furnished the business of the country join In this exng- gerated denunciation. & 4 Chianging currency bonds into coin honda” i3 also donounced as a orimo, We donot know what this refors to unloss it is the Public Fafth act of 1869, In which the payment of United States bonds was pledged in coin, To way that these bonds had pre- viotaly beott payable i curroncy (that is, greonbacks) ja hegging tho question ; it conld only bo inferred from tho fact that the interest had beon ‘mnde oxprussly payablo in coin without attaching the sama stipulation to the bonds themsclves, But supposo they wera beforo * fuferentinlly ” payable in greonbacks, the greenbacks themselves were aud are payable in coin, ro that it amonnts to the same thing. To pay the Londs in greonbacks, aud then redeem the greonbacks in coin, wonld Le a rowund- about way of doing what {s now prom- ited dircctlly; to pay tho bonds In groenbacks, and then refuse to redeem tho greenbacks, wonld bo repudiation, which is perhops the highest degree of *‘orimo " of which n nation can bo guilty, Desides, the greenbacks, when originally issued, wero made fundablo into United States bonds, and hnd not this pledgo been violated there would havo beon no greonbacks with iwhich to pay off bonds, and it e>uld not oven be **in- forrod™ that the Unitod States bonds bearing interest wero to bo redeemed with non-inter- est-bonring ovidehces of fndebtedness, In. deed, had such an inferonce been genornd, the sale of bonds would have beon enormonsly curtailed, and those gold could not afterwards have been fanded at nlower rate of intorost, excopt in exchange for cofn bonda. 4. Itwnd nlso ** oriminal " toexempt bonds from taxatiop. That s to say, it was crim- inal for the Government to raise money in war times at 6 per cent, instend of Bor 9 per cout, which it would have been forced to pay under & system of taxing its own se- cnrities. It is also criminal, by the samo token, {o go on refuniding the bonds now at 4 per cent, iustond of O or 7 per cont, ns wonld need to be dane it the bonds wore subject to cither United States or Btato taxation, It was criminal, then, not to tax the peopla of this country from 210,000,000 to $60,000,000 moro every yoar to mest the excess of intercat on & dobt of 22,000,000,- 000 which would have been nocossitated by ony tax on United States bonds,—n tox which, for obvions rensons, could never be collected. We have gone over this subject indetail, go it is only necessary to refar to the nnreasoning charactor of this particular “erime,” 5, It would bo tedious to examine into all the wolecisms and absurdities of this arraign- ment of the eatiro financinl systom of the country ar criminal, but wa desire to direct attontion to ono more instance as illustrative of the unthinking character of these flat luonties. Thoy donounce ns n orime ** the not for the indefinite sncreass of national- bank ciroulntion and enormonus contraction of the' volumo of tha circulating medinm.” Could anything be mora ludicrously contra- dictory? An “indoefinite incronse” was an “ gnormous contraction,” and it was a crime to authorize an unlimited expansion. It is cortainly uscless to argue with poople who can solemnly utter such grotesque contra- dictiona. . > THE OERMAN SOCIALISTIO BTRUGGLE. 'T'wo hard blows hiave been dealt ot Bocial- fem in Germany,—tho ona by now combina- tions of political partien consequent upon B+ sance's diseariding of the ultra Liberals, nnd the socond by Bmanck himself in the sub- misgion to tha Faderal Council, proparatory. Lo ita introduction in the Rolohstag, of an unusually severo bill for its suppreasion, Tha effect of tho latter remains to Lo seon, but wo can already appreciate the full force of the former. It will bo remomberod that aftor the first attompt upon the life of the Ewmporor the Governmout prepared o bill for tho suppression of Socinlism which was so sweeping in its measnres that the Liberals, nlthough they have always beon oppomonts of tho Bocialiats, at onco deserted the Gove ernment and declared thofr hostility to the bill because it took the punishment of of- fongea away from the jurisdiction of the tri. buuals where it belonged and submitted it nbsolulely to the Adminiatration. This was tho first bronk in the ele. ments of Lis old mafority,. Whon tho sccond attempt was mado to kill the Empoeror, Bisxanok soized upon it at once as n lever to use for his political advantage. The Ultramontanes had alrendy agrood to support the Government in any measures it might adopt against Socialism, provided the Uovernment would mako certain concessions relative to the Farcx laws and other restriot. ive legislation ogainst the Ohurch, With tho Ultramontanes for the nuclous of his new party, and with the increased majority the Conservatives weroe likely to secure, there was ovory probability that thoe littlo groups would add sufficient strength to turn the scales in fayor of reaction. 1le dissolved tho Parlinment, ond a new election was ordered upon the ground that sowo new legislation was necessary to proteot the lite of the Emperor, or at loast this was the only pre. text that appoared upon the surlace. By this eleotlon the Liberals, thongh still strong, have lost sauts, whilo the Ultraniontanes aud Conservatives havo modo a considerable gain, The welght of the blow, howover, 80 far as roprosentation in the Reichstag 18 concerned, has fallon upon the Hoclulists, While tho total Ho. cialist popular volo was largely increased ovor former years, roaching somo 600,000 in the Empire, it was by uo moans effective in sunting candidates, owing to the new com. binations of other partios, For Juatanoo, in Berlin it polled 56,000 votes agaiust 31,000 laat year, but it lost its two mombors from tho city ; and similar rasults happeued in all the large ocitiew of the Empire, so that its array of votesin the Reichstogls rodaced froms fourtsen to a more handful of halfl s, dozen. Tn Berlin it hinproved the gift of unjvorsal sullruge which Bissanck blmsclt wmads (o it to the very utmost, aud gathered about it all the workinen out of smployent andl tho large clase of people who had be- come discontonted with the existing state of thingw. From one poinf of viaw it was suc. ocexsful, and yet, whilo it 18 numerically stronger than ever befors, it is at the same time rclatively weaker. . Iu this snomalouy coudition, Brusasck is preparing to strike tho second blow atit, and, if the blow suicceeds, it muat bo n crush- ing ono. The bill for the prevention of its sproad, which has tnken thoe usnal course of going to the Foderal Council for its approv- ol boforo submission to the Reichstag, i very swooping in its charactor, It prohibits all naroointions, moctings, or publications In ald of Communistlo or Boclaliatio objects, allows authoritios of citios and towns to ex- “pel Bocialistlo ngents, and forbids thom to pursue thoir traden as printors, buoksollers, or innkeepers, prohibita the sale of inter- dieted printod matter on tho atrects, restricts the use and possossion of arms, and invests the anthorities with power to expel all nnem- ployed persons from tho towns. The enforee- ment of the law is taken out of tho juriadic- tion of the onlinary tribunnls, tho contral authorities of the Fedornl Biates being de- clared to be competent to deal with all offenson ngninst the law. Any ap. poal from their doclsion must be made to an Imperinl Biivean oroatod for the purpose, which, of courso, would only Le “outof the frying-pan into the fire.” As tho prineipal ground for the new olection was the prevontion of Socinlist, the Federal Councit’ will undoubtedly pass favorably upon the bill, which will bring it beforo the Leichstng, nnd thus give the firkt indieation of Bisyanor’s strongth, Tho Conssrvatives of all graden, of conrse, will go with him, and, with the Ultramontanes added to thetm, ho wonld have n sufficient fores probably to carry his point, since he is n mastet who can necomplish a great deal with a very small followlng. TFrom the very bold manuer in which he bas submitted hiy bill, without in the least modifying its harsh terms, 1t is evi- dont that his recont dallylng with tho Papal Nuncio at Iisslngen has been to some pur- pose, and that lie counts npon n majority sufficlent to carry ol his purpose to pnut down Hocialism with the strong hand of force, — ARE SILVEE DOLLARS FIAT MONEY 1 To the Editor of The Tribunc, Paxtiac, T,y Aug. 16, —Tho Fiats of this coun- tyare making quito’an argument from the fact that the Sgxican doliar, containing 418 grains of rilver, Is only worth in our markets conts, whercas our siiver dollar, containing only 41215 gratns of wllver, clrcointos n Valus nt 100 conts. I'nere, —our Urecnoackers excial, —that shows 7o that money han 1o valie, only e It I tasuped tlie toverninent, be that money coin or paper, Many honest and_well-meaning men are misied by this argument, Wounld Tux Trisuxg please ox- dlaln the ncomaly, why a coin containing 420 wrains and gne containing 41215 pass at equal val- e, aud another contalning 417 graltix only passcs at 00 cents? 1f o tako liard muncy g tho bnsls of our paper circulation, wo mnst be consistant. Tho Mexlean dollars and the trade dollars aro not lawful monoy in tho United Statos;* thoy have no valuo save as bullion, or mofal, Thoir circulation has been a frand, engl- neered by fraud, and has had no warrant of law. The United States is responsible for the oxistence of the trada dollar, and Con- gress should by Iaw provide for the redemp- tion of the trade dollara in the standard dol- lars of the country, y This point, that the silver dollar of 412} graing, nine-tenths fino, or 871} grains puro- silver, boing worth as motal 10 conts less than tho gold dollar, and being a legal-tonder, is necessarily fiat monoy to one-tenth of its legal value, hns been discussod in this paper before, And it hns beon nsked, It Congress can mako a ploco of metal worth 90 conta in gold a legal dollar, why can it not make n picce of paper a legal dollar? The Constitution of the United Htatos tade gold and silver coin the legal money of the Union, leaving to Congrass tho power to prosciibo the denominations of the coins, and their respectivo woights. 1In 1703 it adopted tho old Bponlah dollar, which was then a recognized coin all over the world, as furnishing n suitablo name, and being of & ‘proper woight of pure silver, ns tho unit of American muney, This dollar contained 8714 grains of pure silver, nnd that weight of pure silver was declared to be the woight of tho American silver doliar. Al the samo timo, Congress adopted n gold coinage, prescribing the weight of paro gold in the coln of ench denomination, Thesg— the gold and ailver—Uecamo the logal coiny of the United States, and all debts, -public and private, wore cobtracted and psyabls in colns of thesa weights aund denominatiops, Congross then, or at any time since then, did not undertako to say that the gold engle, or $10 coin, should nlways be equal to, or of greater or lons valuo than, ten silver colns of §1 each ; nor did Congress uuder- tako that the silver dollar should always be equivalont in bullion value to the gold eoins of correspondlog denominations. The coins of the two motals were mads legal monoy, and nny person was at liberty to solcot or profer eitber tho gold or the silver coln in which to make contracts, For forty years after the establishment of this systemm of money, the sflver ocoin was at n disconnt in gold; that is, the 810 gold ocoln was worth as muoh ay $10.40 in silver, computed at the bullion values, For the succcoding forty yoars the silver dollars were, 88 bullion, worth $1.03 to $1.05 gold. Bo, from the beginning of our ays. ,tem, tho gold dollar aud the silver dollar bave never had the same value as bullion,— first ono and then the othor being of superior value. It was never uudertaken by the Qovernmont that the bullion value of gold and silver should be pormanently the same: all that the Government has undertaken at any time, and all that this or any other Gov. ernmont can ovor undortake to do, is to estab. lish a specific woight of gold and a specifio ‘welght of silver, colned by the Goverument, tobe ‘an American dollar,” and a legal equivalont for ** dollars " contractod to be paid, ‘The Amorioan dollar is, and has always been, defiuod to bo 871} gralus of purosilvor, The Governuent bas eaterod into no obliga. tion that this weight of silver shall purchase acy other weight of gold, copper, brass, wheat, or other commodity. Whoen a man makes a contraot to pay dollary, the law pro. vides that, in the absonce of any other agrec- went, the coln of 871} yrains of sitver shall uatisfy the contract, ‘Phe fact that tho gold dollar will buy more pure silvor than iz coatained in the standurd dollar does not’ chango the mouey character of the silver dollar any more than the fact that, a fow yoans ago, the ellver dollar wonld purchase mors pure gold than was contalned {u the gold dollar, changed the wmonoy character of the gold dollar. Both were thou dollars, ay they ayo uow dollars,~not because of any flat power of tho Govorumaut to give thom flotstious valus, beoausas the term **Jollar™ describes & spocitio weight of silver, or a specifio weight of guld, calued by the dosig- nated authority, snd with the interohangon- Llo value of theso two weights of wetal the Goverument has no conooru. They ere both dollars, and the publio van seloct either, oy taste, ciroumitances, and the usture of tho contract may dotermine. Any aitempt by any Government to make the bullion valuo af tho wilver and gold coinage alwsys the samo would require the recolunga of one or the other every fow wocks or wouths. As tha debtor always hias the option to golect the coin in which he will pay, and wiil Inva- riably nalscflnt which for the timo s the cheaper and" thoreforo more abundant, the dollar swhich is most in nse will become for the e the sandes) ol _ THE ANGELL ROBBERY. Tt will bo an error to eatalogne the Axarnt caso among the official defalcationd and em- bezzloments which linve becomo so frequent of Iato yeats, ANortn simply robbed the Pullman Compnany, ns o bufglar might have done who bnd gained access to the vaults; he availed himsel? of the trost favor- able opporiunity, during the nbsence of Mr. Putuvan in Europe, to possess himsolf of tho plunder and cscape with it 1fis is pot a onso whero he had boen led on to take money that didn't Lilong to him, by tntor- tunate spocniations or bad havits, aud with the hope of muking it good. e dld not rob his employers by installments, aid covoy np the thoft by & manipulation of tho books. ‘Tho aystdm of tho Company was sticli s to render this Imposgible. He does hiot hin- self know that, at intervals of a fow months apatt, and during any tempo. rary gbsonce from the office, Mr Puntanax oansed an oxpert to go over his neconnts,—not from hny suspleion of hin integrity, biit as o mattor of getieral preeau- tion, Up to o fow months ngohis accounts were cotrect, and thero s ho doubt that the export now examining them will find them to bo 80 to-day. DBut he hiad accoss to the vault and to tho money-deposit, and ho stols avtne- thing over 100,000, with most of winch ho esenped ih his notunl posscaslon, 1t is proper that this distinetion should be mndo botween his ongo and the nsual run of offiefal and corporation defaleations, for ninuy reasons. In the flest placo, there is no reflection wpon the Company ot the othor offlcors connccted with it, as there might bo if thosystem had been Iooge enongh to permit ANgerw to rob tho Comphuy from time to timo, and cover up his defalentions. The bad habits charged up ngalnst Axoesn were oll of very recent date, and wero not suspected by thoso most intinntely nasoci- ated with bim, His erime eannot be charged up against the demoralized condition of the times, when mon defoult with impnnity be- cause they are in such numterou cotapany. The crime which he committed is one that ocenrs in oll tmes and countries. It wns ploin robbery, The money was tnken, not to pny debts, nat to bridgo ovor bad places, not in tho hope of ropaying it, not to con- cenl oxcosses of the past, but to take away with him in the hope (so dismal aud forlorn it Axortn had only kuown it) of living s oase tud Ixury in oxilo. *Thero s nothing in bLis caso to eall for the sympatky which Is nsually extonded to un- fortunato and speoulative defsultors: the morality of this sort of sympnthy is doubt- ful in any case, but it cannot be extended in tho present instance. AwoeLy, after i long oareer of deconcy, integrity, and social aur- roundiugs that ought to havo kept him hon- ost, turnod thief. Ttisa curlous cnso from a psychological point of view. Bome pooplo will chargo it up to the account of * total deptavity”; but othors, and especially those who know nnything of him, will think that a feeblo in. tellect had somothing to do with it, as woll 89 innate dishonosty. Aside from belhg an cxcollent accountant nnd n systematio office- man, ANaens was intellectually weak, and wns not possessod of that trait of moral conrnge (which {8 more nearly allied to the mind than to any moral seuso) to rise above the troubles common to all human life. Never was uan moro mistaken than he isin tha bolief that, with alargo amount of stolen money in his possession, he can secure hap- ploess elsowhere. Iis lifo will henccforth bo wretched in a degree he hins nevor dreatned of Lefore, and hie will seck in valn the com- fort, lnxury, and plensuro he haa pictured as awaiting Lim, Ife may or he may not be apprchended and punished; but, whether lio shall bo or not, thero will bo no 1moro real happiness for him in this life: the same weaknens and lack of moral conrago which aro so lnrgely acconutablo forhis erimo will contribute to his misery in all bis future career, It s fortunate, mot merely that the amonnt stolen will not materiully affect so rich aud powerful a corporation ns the Pull. man Palace-Car Company, bat slso that the annonncoment of the theft was not made till all the details could be given, and thus shut off false nnd injurious rimors. —— The Boston ZPiluf, one of tbo ablest and most outspoken Catholic orgsns of this coun- try, spcers soine sharp questions at the blath- erskite DexNi¢ Knaryey that he will do well ps swearlug long enough to heed. It asks; Decause tho Mot s a worklugman's oapor, ho- cause 80 por cont of our resdors are fn tho truvst seune **huneat, horny-Detod vons of Loll," we bound to #sk Dexxis Keauxs two questions: (1) Does bo belleve that profanity and avuse uro srxument? (2) Whero acu tho facis or laatied upon which fin camo (o tho East to te the working. men? Iluve you suytning te worth saying? The conniry wi you really reproseat tho workinguten, or, using thy numa of the warkingmeu, have you slinply coima 10 Mussachusctis as tho nired staiiip-orator uf Gen, HuTien? Tho workinguen of Massachusette know Gen, Burien better thay you do, ‘They do not Wwant your assusanca that ha aympailizes with the uasees. 1 you vroceed with tuo cumpty and vio- lent speech of tho last two weoke you: will etfect. unlly injure Gien. BeTnen's chaucea of ¢loction, 1 Gets. BUTLER udvises your gfolntlces aud pr pollcy ho mukes a mlatake tnat will kil his c aud gtivve bis friends. llemombor, KEany 14 1O chuiny who speake, Every word wo say will reach tho eyes or ears of 1,000,000 work] men, Iu their Name, for thoir {Rtgrcats, W col demn your intemperate coutss. You comimulit & erlme when your furious and blind utterances vold up the cause of Jabor to public dertalon, et The Londou Spectalor of Aug. 31s vot quite surc of the wisdom of Lord Loixe's sppoiut- ment, It suys: . ‘The Marquts of Louvs 18 to succeod Lord Dur- TERL Viceroy of tue Domlaton of Canada, vut bo does not ko vut (11l Nuvember, 0 have ulade sume rfemarks clscwhero ou this sppuintment, which way be clther & great vuccess of i great fail- ure, accurdini Lo the wptrit in which the duty ly concelved. Bus uuquestionauly if 1t b rlgiitly concelyed, the closy connection With the Crown which Lord Lonxx's warriage hias given hiw, shouid by w sogree of great populariiy. Only it il mob do te uxpeet the hopulanty witauut earnfug Mt Lord Luppetin Las Leun all thiuge ool ~fine audreased th Fronch Canadye sns |u Freuch specches 88 goud thuss of the Purle trlouny, snd the Sritieh backwoudsuicn fu butor as bouiely and grapl Ve th Western Btates of Amency cowd supply, Aftce such a Yicaroy, who has yaluod all besrw, it will hardly do maercly ta atiod ponvive, though beaignant, raye of puluriaed toyalty ou the Canadian vouple. No donnt Tord Lauxs would inake a inistake in - tuling Lord Durredin’s modes aud wanncns of \'lcunu’nl Goversweut too cluscly, e Litnelf, @ 1 Lond Duvecuny, Buil, I b X worked, ol the Pelnoe 4 but the Vicas ruy's Wil te capablu of dolug e, N q the 1o of Cunida rmum}vw ) aut forged b lh-‘n':‘t't‘:u daugliter of the qnuou:l SilL — e — s ‘It was only yesterday that wa yuoted the Cuthotic Te'wfraph 1o tho effect that tuo blatber skite KEauser wui uso Cathulie; but now cowes DEYNLS bimsell and duclares that ho way raleod lu thy Catbolle Chiurcl, marricd a Cagl whie wife, anid has bis children curiatened fu a Catholie church, Il this is true, Keassny ought to seck absoluton fur Dils slus home- diately, ¢ ——— In the flat-woosy Natloual Cou vention st Foud du Lac, Wis., the other day, there spuear- ed two delegzutes who scemed to have studied the currency question to sowe purpose. Mal. Bovay told ke Cummittee on Resolutinns that it was simply noneénse to talk abont the yq. ; Timited fssue of papor belng kept equal to gy without coln-redemption; and A, M. Btain syg. gested that, If thoy were in favor of magjy, greenbacke cqual o gold, It dia not mayes much what the bonds wero pald (n, A negro preacher opened his discourso on the oripin op the spectes by nseerting that the Lonn magy Apam out of mud, and “sot bim up agly i fence to dey. At this point o Darwtnian dap. ey in the audience atose aml puzzied the Aduggy theologlan with the tough Interrogatory: 1y made dat ar fence, if ADAM wns e fust mang " ** You hush up,” retorted the preacher, «y, odder such question as dat would obliterate gy best theologleal syatem Indeunlyerse.” S5 ity the questions of BLAtR and Hovay: u . more of them, fately ahawered, will utterly yo. stroy the Natfonnl party. e — . . ALronso of Bpaln had not only one of the mo lovely and charming of wives, in the person (,f the late Queen MencEpes, but &t scoms pyy mother Is a8 dovoted to her son as the King yyy to the Queen, e has declied to erect o yae, nificent basiliea over the tomb of Mrnce,y and wiil appropriate $43,000 yenr tur thay vy, pose. ‘To ald tho project, he asked e gy, the ex-Queen IssuELLs, to sell e fogo worth $500,000, now depostted I the: Catheqy) of Atochu, and recelved the fotlowlig rop ¥ Gox o Mr Livn: $liave fuet recalved lettecs frop the 1hie de MONTERN IR Fromt 8 perieal of yy'e owh | kea thaty an i Cotinlle KW nndagey 1un, you benr up nzajie ook ot Mepernre, White and deneing o benedt Ei: Cajit a1 depnsit hee remaime at toe RN onder n magnificent fentple, Your mother ouly nuthorlzes Uhe palo ot her Jewels ub Atasyg Dt givka yinn her Dleasing and approves of yone ! tention, ~worthy of 4 King, b Cunsitan, ung g goud bustand. e Y R — Gen, E. 8. Braga, the Demuveratie e Congress from thy Fifth Wisconsio Disuia, was Chalrman of the Committee on Resolutiy;s in the last Demovratic State Convention, ) made the platiorn out of the very softest king of curreney-timber that cver was knowi, ) gaye his parey up budy and sonl, 10 the iy tlon fdeas that new prevall Bub it didng suve the partk from defeat dn Wisconan g fall, nor has it won the Natlonals over tothe support of Congressman Brisa. Un Thursay lust the imlationists of the district helg o Conventlon aud nominated DAVID Ginnixes 3 former Hepublieaty to run ogainat Biga, ‘Thero will ba n stralzhi-otit Republican ticket alro fu the flekd; angd, with the disaftection amongz the 1tlsh Denocrats on decount of BrAao's vote ogalnst ten, Siiriba For Do . keeperof the House, It fooles as ) the ruce 33 tobeg well-votitested nud dusty une tor ttis Brian. Wisconain people are envourared to leljsyg that they will seeure tho ditendauce of Presy. dent Hares ond his party at thelr State Fuir o Madlson, which will oceitr the next week after the Minnesofd 8tate Falr, at which Mr. Hayey has promided to ba present. It would he o ood card to play i o pecunlary seise, ay thy veople always tock to scen live President. A3 Senator ITow# always attends these agriculturd Hhosstrote,” he ond tha Presideht wizat agred Upon 4 parthership talk about bullocgs, and theu shake hands across thoe bloody po- ltieal chosm that nus divided the two dis tnguished gentlemen since Howe's famous philipole of the 25th of Inst March, By this tlme Hows is quitd 98 wililug to **shake® oy Mr, IlAY®s can be. Uen, Lew Watuaos has undertaken eanstd. erablo of a job for ona man waen hie Lot the uomination of Godiove 8. OrTh, who las re cently been nominated for Congress by the Re publicans of his district. Gen. Warnscn hay the righit to voto ayaluat Mr. O AL ke bleases; but, wher he goes about organizing cluva for the purpose of defeating tho rezulsrl] inated Republican candidate, Gen. War nsguuies that he knows more than a of the Cougressloial Conventon, and thas it becomes hiin to assume command i that dis. treiet. He may live long cuough to se¢ bis s take. ———— . In the Fourth (Milwaukeu) Winconsin Cun gressfopal District, now represented by the Iton, W, P. Lrxpr, Democrat, the eontestants for the Democratlc nomination are W. I Lyxve; P, V. Deustenr, cditor of the See- liote, a (ermnan Catholic dally newspapers the Hou Gronor H. Pave, formerly editor of the Dty Neis, nod now o member of the Stato Nenate; and Judge Martonr, late Hemocratie candi date fur Governor. The best man of the lut Iy Pavr, but the chances aro anld to fayor Dres- TRt Tho quarrel i very pretiy os It stands. e of There are threo sorts of it, and “You pavs your money and you takes your cholee.” lor examplc, there 1a the ¥ Ohlo 1 " that {3 not vet fully hatehed. Then thero is the Loulsiuna “1dee,"” which demands tho reoeal of the Re- sumuptlon act, and irredeemable greenbacks nd the pormaneot and exclusive currency of the country. Next 18 the Delawaro * flee,"” waich pronounices In favor of wold and silver as the only houest aud Jawful inonyy of the country, o ————— As to that Virginia whippiug case that was racently meutioned fn thess columus, 8 corro spondent says that the irl was convictod of steallng, aud given her chofeo to be sent to jall for tulrly aays, or to recelve fifteen stripes wud fumnodiate relense, e atates that hoth the girl and her mother Inslated upon tho whipplog, aud that it was “mildly sdministered,’ with- vut removiog a particle of the glrl’s clotblng, "Tle girl 16 said to be a hard case. prstietcectetatde s Hefereuco Lisa already been mado to the dis- covery of an overissue of Ponnsylvaula State bouds in 1853, under tho Democratic sdmiuls- tration of Gov. BtaLen. It now turus out tuat the bond of BickeL, who was then Stato Treas- urer, cannut bo foaud, having beeu stolen, as It tssupposed. No wonder that the Democratle party s constantly crying for Reform with ¢ capleat & After all, it is better for 4 nan to go boldly and promptly to his work, when he bLas ouce resolved upon it, Hke Tuunsax, rather than to dodge, and cquivocate, auy prevarieate, and struddle, like flexpnricks. A man bad better aunouuce himself at once os bad, and give falr uotics to all the world, thanto play the bypo- erite and decelve peopl e ——— Why on carth does not the Porrai Commit- ten vall upon Mr. Dans, of the Sun, to testify! A man who bas howled so loudly and so per- slatontly sbout the *Great Fraud ¥ for two years aud more, night and day, Bundoys jnclud- ed, ought to knowalt about it; aud Mr, ButLes ought to make blm tell. Lot them drop Bran- LEY MaTTuEws aud cull Dava, e et— Qov, Blue-Jeans WiLniaus, of Indiana, de- clares that the Democrucy and the Natlonals are so poarly relatud that they may call thew- seives brotheridu-law, The relationsbly may be made to sopear still more appropriate if tho unholy allisuce witl now acknowledge the ex-Cunfede its mother-fn-l e Bonator TuusMAN and BEX BUTLER botl are the happy owners uf gold-nterest-bearing tiovs erment bonds, [oreatter they will reluso gola, and demand greenbacks Iu paymout of thelr juterest. It laso nive to bo conslateuty aud Lo tuke your own medicine, - e— Iu Onlo It 1s sald to bo futal to the prospocts of any candidate’ for Cuniress o a conveutlon of the Nutlousls to attcmpt to bribe the dele- gates with sitver maney, Thule itchiug palus reveive nothlug bug gresubacks, e — i Bux BuTLEH says thol ¥ Nogreat man cait ever bo Prestdent of tho United Brates,” Dut tat wasn't what siled liorawia BEYMOUMN, Gxoxus B. McCLrieax, and Samvay J. Tir i TN = e A correspondgut wants ko kuow If the yellow- fever can bo sent by mall. Yes,—by payiug the vostage. i b Can s soft-moucy infiationiss ke TuyBMAN be sald to bo *“‘suund ™ on the currcucy quest tloal