Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 8, 1878, Page 4

. 1.{,{' i Vi i 4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, JULY & 1878, The Tribaowe, T MAIL—1X ADVANCE—TOSTA Jsty Faition, one cear arib of & 3€3r. 1cF Mo Fu LAt IS 11 Ari-Wrekly, one ear. T'srisf AVCAR. per o WERRLY EDV Fyecimen cop ce. Glve Fost-UMco address o full, factodiog State and County. emiitances may be made efther by draft, exnress, Toal-Offce arider, or In regtatered fetters, at our rirk. TERMS TO CITY BUDACRIRE! aelivered, Ennday excented, 25 e Atvered, Sunday inctoded, 0 co THE TINBUNE COY Corner Madison and 1earborn-ste.. Chicago. 1. Orders for the dellveryof Tir TRinUXEaL Evanston, Engiewood, snd Hyde Fark left In the countlox-room ‘whiteceive premel stten TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, Tn Cricano TRIRUXy: has eatabiished hranch offices for the recetps of subsciintiona sud sdvertisements a3 tollows: NEW YORK-~Room 2u 7ridune Butldiog. F. T. Mo« FAvhxx, Manager, PARIS, France—No, 16 Rue de Is Grange-Datellere, T, MAvLER, LONDOX, Eng.—American Exchange, &40 Btrasd. Nexrs F. Gritio, Agent, SAN FRANCISCO, Cal.—Talace Hotel. > Hoaley’s Theatre. Rendolph strees, letween Clark and Lafalle. Fngaeement of tlio Unlon Bquare Theatrs Company. ** Agnes." \ Haveriy’a Theatre. Eogagement Monroe street, corner of Dearhorn, ik usle.” New Chiengn Thentres Clark atrect. between Randolph aad Lake, Varlety entcrtaini . MONDAY, JULY B8, 1878, In New York on Satnrday greesbacks wero worth 093 to 99} cents on the dollar in gold and silver coin. e The Austrian occupntion of Bosnia and Herzogovina will not take place at once, ns contewplated, but has been deferred for a mionth fo order to ollow of the restoration of tha badly.damaged railways aud the organization of a system of civil govern- ment for those provinces. Greeca rofuses to bo comforted with the small favor reccived at tho hands of the Ber- 1in Cougress, and threats are made of n gen- cral uprising and nafon with the insurgents of Thessaly and Epirus sgainet the Turks. The granting of autonomy to these prov. inces and to Orote lias been decreed by the Congress, but they will contiune to form s pnrtof the Ottomnn Emplre, unless the dis- aduction at present existing should take tho form of n combined nud protracted siruggle for total freedom from Turkish domination, and for the restoration of the provinces to ona contral Hellenic Governmont, A clrgo of violation of the articles of war hos been brought by o disabled officer, at present an inmate of the Natlonal Asylum at Hunnpton, Va,, against Uen. B, F, Buten, who, through tho co-operation of I, . ‘Wooprin, Deputy-Gavernor of the Institu. tion, and likewise a Massnchusotts Tinplae- able, fraked and caused to bo distributed among tho inmates 100 copics of Sunator Ilowr's vicious' aud abusive tirndo sgainst the President. Thoe attack upon the latter, a4 Commander-in-Chiof of the Avmy and ex- oflicio President of the Roard of Maungers of the Hamptou llome, by the circulation of Howe's malignant speach, it is clained, sub. jeets Burren and WoopriN to prosccution for violation of tho articles of war, to which a1l the nutional asylums for disabled soldiers ave tuads subject by act of Congress, Heveral of the cago preachors in thelr sermond yesterday took up the cnse of the latest wife-murdor in this city, and it is o gratifylog ovidence of o wholesome condi- tiou of public seutiment that a gonoral de. wand comes from the pulpit for the speady infliction of the law’s extromest ponnlty upon the murderer Stevexs, together with a deo- nuncislion of the soulless rakes who holped to procipitate tne tragedy, Oue of the oler- gymen would bave Srevexs hanged without the bouefit of clorgy; anotlier ad- vocates s resort to Vigilance Comumittecs, and regrots that Lo could not have been on hand to Lelp hang the marderer to tho noarest lamp-post; -while a third lays down the emineutly sonsible doc- trive, that suicide and murder should go together in cases of this kind, and that sui- cide should take procedonce. ‘The Iev. W. T. Mrroy, at the Ieunion Iresbyterian Churcl, preachied about the Fourth of July o it should be, aud the Rov, Ronear QoL ¥er took leave of Uunity congregation in o furowell uddress on the eve of his depurture for a visit to his former howe in Evugland. A dispatch from Ciucinnatl contains some interesting antecedents of the chuof Dem. ocratio wituoss Wenen, the man who per- Jured himwself so glibly sbout the Snenaan letter, nud who lias reversed bis oaths us to the wunner in which his wurdered brother ‘was assusginated, "I'he possibility s hiuted at that soine of Wrnen's blstory may bo brought bufurs the Peorren Committeo that will still further assist in placing & corrout estimate upou the chuaracter of this eminent Democratio witnoss, Mrs, Jexxs hos told ns that ** overylhing is possible in Louisiana politics; oven the impossible,” and the statewmonts mude of sowe of Wenen's traus. actiuns us o Btate Henator contiru the sound- ness of that renrarkable womsn's judgment, e is 50id ou Buerous occasious to Luve cu- joyed the survices of brokers in negotiating delicate deals whils u Souutor, snd to be even uow under coutract 10 wake amends for the Axpenso eatustropho for astipulated price of B7,000. If so cluwsy a bungler as Wenes is worth that awouut to the yreat causa uf Lie ey for 1880, what sbould be the figure for @ reully uble-bodied aud thoroughly sccom- plished liar? Erea Hunton, of Virgivla, may be ox. peeted to waterially abate hiy zeal for the exposure of Rupublicen frauds aud the con. cealwent of Democratio frauds from this time forth until bu has made sure of L re- nomiustion av Representative of the Eighth District. What time Huntow was beuding Js oucrgies in bebalf of ‘L'iLDEN 83 & mem- Ler of the Porrea Committes things Lave gone wrong wmmong Lis constituents, and Huszox hss wll at once discovered the necessity of looking after his own iuterasts wore closaly. At the Alcxaudria primarios Baturday, suti-Huntox delegates were chosen 10 the Cosgreasional Conveution—the first pructical remiuder Hunton Las received that frsud-hunting sv an exclusive vceupation is uot & sute weans of retaining populur favor, T'he cyva of bis constituents bave been upon Bit, but their votes are liable to stroy away, Tho Porres investigation has uot beou o drstcluas electivueering mediuw for Lux- foraver. can maintain specie-payments with easo 20N, a5 in shown by the result at Alexandris, and it is not mnlikely that the Democratic members anzions for ve.election may find that in trying to pull Tizoznontof the walers of oblivion they hiave fallen overbonrd thomiselves, J ] Consideting that Greeco took mno aative part in tho war, only marching hor troops np 10 her northern bonndary, and then march- ing them back ngnin nt the request of En- gland, she hos fared remarkably well at the Lnuds of the Congress. Through tha medin. tion and good offices of Italy and France, she has secured a strip of Southern Albania and Thessaly, abont thirty miles in width by nearly 200 in length, or an area of 6,000 square miles, the northern line of which commences on the west const, directly oppo- site the centre of Corfa, thonco extends east- ward noross the mountaius, snd, taking in Larissa, terminotes on the shore of the Gulf of Salonika, n little northenst of the above locality. Taking into acconnt, as we have #aid, the passive condition of Groeca during the war, this is a very protty pros. ent. JMad she gone into the war when Servia did,—nnd this sho might have done, for at that time she had 50,000 men under arms, who could have overran Sonth. westorn Turkey and ereated a serious divor- sion in favor of Russia,—she would undonbt- edly have recoived much more, and, possibly, extended her northera boundary up to the fortioth parallel, which would have been a long step towards the realization of her dream of the posscssion, somo day, of the whole const of the ZEgenn, However, with her numerous islands on the southeast, the fortile ond populons Toninu Islands on the weat, and her now aren on the north, she is by no meavs an insignificant Power. RESUMPTION ON THE FIRST OF AUGUST, Secrotary SuenMax, according to our Washington dispatches, contemplutes rosum. ing spocic-payments on tho 1st of August. Ho has now $%200,000,000 of coin in the Treasury, and more coming in all the time. There is no question but the Government is in condition to resume at any moment it pleases, It ls porfectly master of the aitun. tlon. Tho difforonce now between the value of coinnnd paperis but the fraction of a cent; and, if the Secretary were to announce to-morrow his purpose to resumo on the 1at of August, that small fraction would disap- pear, and coin and paper become of equal value. Thero is no law prohibiting resump. tion nt ony timo. Esorything is now au. spicious. Let us have the question pnt in the shinpe of the fait accompli, and settlo it We firmly Lelievo the Government without contractiug greenbacks, and that coin will flow faster into the Treasury for voluntary exchango for mnotes than paper will be presented for redemption, be. cause rodeemablo paper money, whilo precisoly as valitable as coin, s more porta- ble and conveniont in the transsclion of businows. With resumption, greenbacks will be received for datics and paid out for in. terest on the debt, and will thon be aa fali and perfect o legal-tender as gold or silver. The Iank of Epgland has mainiained specio- payments without o moment’s suspension for about Ofty-five yenrs, and it has never been ina “ better fix"” to do wo than our Govern- ment is nt this time. When resumption takes place, gold.gam- bling will cease, and tho Wall-street Gold- Ttoom will be closed, to the infinite natisfac. tion of tho Ameriean peoplo, A healthy ox- pausion of houest monoy will then take place, a8 the nctive currency will bo rein. forced and oxpanded by $200,000,000 of now dormant gold and silver awaiting resmuption; therenfter tho mints will pour a perpetual atream of $8,000,000 {o $10,000,000 & month into the volums of currency, imparting a healthy atinulant to trads and productivn,— causing inproving markots, incrensed de- mand for labor at botter wages, and a sure return of good times and public prosperity, The puwer of tho Becretary of the Troas- ury to resumo and maintain resumption, as the law uow stauds, cannot be doubted. Ho has in the Treasury 197,415,132 of coin,~legnl-tender gold and silver,—which is an incrense of $82,282,639 over the amount on hand one year ago. Of thiy re. sumption faud about $16,001,000 are spocial duposits for which Government certifioatos are outstanding, but this sum msy be fairly regarded as o part of the Government coin reserve, 88 oan bo ensily shown. 'I'eso cor- tificates will immedintely becotno loauable funds when resumption is anvounced, nnd sooner or later they will find their way back into the Treasury, not in exchange for the gold they now represent, but In exchunge for greonbaoks, which will be more degirable, Ho lJoug as spocic.paymonts are suspended, the gold, and heuce the Government gold certiticntes, hava a special value, becauss they discharge a wpocinl service, Thoy nre used for the eiugle purpose of keoping gold in the Truasury with which to pay dutles on imports, But this function ceases with resumption ; after that, duties can bo paid in greonbucks as well as gold. It will bo uu- protitable and unbusinesslike, then, to retain these certificatos in bank-vaulta; they will como out to s Investment, Havicg come out, they will soon be couverted into green. backs, fortwo rensous: (1) Becauso greeu. backs will be the wore convenient, aince ono large cortificate can ia this way be divided up into soverul investment fuuds; and (2) because groenbacks will not only be equally redeemnpblo with certificates in gold, but the greenbucks will also belegal-tendor, while the certificutes aro not logal-tender. 'The colu uow in the Treasury may properly be re- garded, then, s o part of the resumption fund, and by Aug. 1 there will be $u00,- 000,000 of colu with which to resume, ng sgainst about §346,000,000 of greenbacks outstanding. It thero wero avy danger of a run upon the Treusury for cvin,—of whioh thero is not the slightest,—the Government would be amply proteoted under the uuthority of the Becrotary of the Treasury to purchase coiu. The law (Revised Btatutes, Sse. 3, 700) simply providesthat *The Becretary of the I'reasury way purchaso coin with any of the bouds or notes of the United States authorized by law, at auch rates and upon such termy as he way deemn most advantsgeous to the public inter- est.” That Is enough. AU the gold that could be needed under any possible combi- nation of circumstances wmoy be obtained by the Becretary of the Troasury on 4} por cent bonds at par. Hut who will ask for either gold or ailver, s0 lobg @s the greeubacks are to be kept out to an amount not less than $346,000,0007 What speocial use will gold Lave to overcows the advautsges that green- backs possess In point of donveniouce, vafoty, snd cheapuess of haudling? It will uot e needed for the payment of dutics. 1t will no longer bo necded fur Lo puywent of inteYest on bouds. ‘The Awericau holders of bouds will take greenbucks in paywent of their coupous in profereuce to gold just ns” moon aa greenhacks shall havo an abro- Intely equal and interchangeable valne with gold. The forcign holders of American bonds will got their moncy at London, Amsterdam, Yaris, or Frankfort, and the coupons will be sont to thin country in pay- ment of balances; hero they will be ex- changed for greenbacks, The forcign trade of thislnst year shows that the people of the United States have furnished the people of Earope with commodities to an amount exceeding what has been purchased abroad by £260,000,000. This difforenco must be paid over to this conniry, and it will come in the shape of bonds, coupons, and gold. Uold will flow into the country under tho oxisting conditions of thinga; there will be no draft upon it for export, and the Govorn. ment vanlta will ho the ralest and choeapest place to deposit the surplas over that which is kept 1n active eirculntion, It is no exnggeration to say that, within a year or so, under the natural operntion of tho Inw, the (overnment will be moro embarrasaed to furnish greenbacks in exchange for the coin that will be offered than it will baon the date of resumption to furnish coin for greenbacks presentod for ro- demption, Tho Americon greenbacks will immedintely nssuma the same position all over the world now held by the notes of the Baok of Eoglaud. The American travoler 1 forelgn countries will no longer need to provide himself with letters of credit or load himrelf down with coin, for the paper enr- roncy of his own Government wiil be recog- nized nnd recoived everywhere. We shall - hiave At Lome a coin currency of uniform and stable valuo, in addition to tho coin itself, which will scek investment and grow in volumo upon the annual yield of the Amorican mines and tho sunual paymonts of foroign balances. Resumplion is the surest road to good times; and tho sooner Becreta- ry SHERMAN announces resumption the soon. er will the country escapo from the depros- slon that now weighs it down. THE PRISBON-LABOR QUESTION. The Indianapolis Sentinel, the organ of Dax Voonuees and the othor Demoeratic domagogues of that State, is not plensed with tho comments of Teg Tamune on the subject of nbolishing prisou labor. It saya: “The view Tur Tointvxs takes of the snbject ovi- dencen a poor comorehension of the subjeet, The roposition la sharnty defined. and amounts to this, at 1, K00 nblo-bodled criminals should bo a0 em: Joyed Ly the State a8 10 tako the means of llvlm{ rmm 1,800 able-bodted workingmen who are nof criminale, who havo obeyed the laws, are good clt- l Ikm%xl(m‘ to maintaln their familice, hete culldren, and fit them for honorable positions In woclety,” To deprive theeo honest men of tho means of honorable llvelihuod is to drive them into the rauks of the criminsl classcs, and Oually to prison. ‘Chero ara 1,800 abla-bodied prisoners in the Ilinols State Prison. They have to bo fed, housed, clothed, and guarded. The question is plniu aud direct: Shall thoy be fed, clothed, housed, and guarded with the proceeds of their own labor, or shnll they bae kept in idlencss, and the proceeds of tho tabor of 1,800 othor men bo taken to support the prisoners? When a criminal is sent to the prison for five yenrs, shall somse other citizon, not n criminal, be at once compolled to labor five yeara to pay the cost of feading, clothing, lousing, and gudrding the criminal? Tbo prisoners cannot live on nir, and civilization hne not yet renched the point of killing theni ; these prisoners have generally good appetites, and it costs Inrgely to support them. Shall a prisoner be wnde io enrn his brend, or shall tho bread to feod him be taken from the enrnings of other men who are not crim- inals? The thoory that to make theso pris. oners labor and su pport themsclves is *‘to take the meaus of living from 1,800 nble. bodied men who are not criminals,” 18 falla- clous. Buppose they woro all Louost, the whols 8,600 men would be compotitors for work, and, according to this Indiana oracle, wonld be taking tho meous of living from ench othor. 'They would all have to live, and all would lave to work. Locking up 1,800 men in a workshop, and compelling them to work there for thoir own' sapport, just aa they would do if they were out of it, does not change the situation in tha lenst, so far a3 competition Is concernod. To exempt one 1,800 men from labor, and compel the other 1,800 to support tho wholo #,600, would be ou outrage which could not be jus. titled. If the Governor would pardon out the whole 1,800 prisonors to.morrow, they would be competitors for work, and would tako away the inenus of ns many others to eorn a living. If crime ia to be puuished with an exemption from labor, and with a torw of idlencss and wupport at the public exponse, then Idloness sud crime will ba ut o prominm, and bonest lubor be punished by adding to the exuctions from ita earnings the cost of supporting the privileged and idle clas in prison. This demagogism of the Indiana Domio- crats will decolve no one,— it is too transpar eut; and until thoy are propared to furaish somo other plan whereby that portion of the publio outside of the prison shall not be taxed to support thosb in prison, and exomnpt them from labor, all this talk of abolishing prison labor 14 extremoly sllly, Ho long ns prisoners must be supported, futelligent mon, in the tradesunlons andout of them, will inaiat that the prisoners uball earn the broad they eat, and not be fed with bread takeu by force of law from the scanty bounls of fami- lies which are not criminals, THE ILLINOIS-RIVER IMPROVEMENT. Among the appropriations madu in the so- called ltiver and IHarbor Appropriation act was ono of $250,000 for the Fox and Wis. consin Rivers in Wisconsin, It will be re. membered that muny years sgo Congreus voted publio lands to aid in the construction of & canal to conugot the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, I'hls work, when done, was the property of & private corporation, but un- fortuuately thero nover was water enough in botl rivers at the sumo time to flont a flat- boat, and thero never was & boat that offured to navigate elther river or caual, ‘I'hen there was a fob got up to sell the whole oulfit to iho United Htatew, and the United States bought and pald for it, and Congress in one way or (le other expended por- haps $2,000,000 in the wildest and wmost sonseless scheme to open aud keep open & water route by these two rivers from the Misslsaippl to the lakes. A unllion of dollars exponded avuually from now until 1000 would not make the Wiscousin River navigable, That fuct Lus been reported to Congress repoatedly by the Eugineor OCorpa. Nevertholoss, getting money out of the United Btates to sivk it in the Wiscousin River is ono of the higliest acts of patriotism in that State. . Before uny man cau ask for an oftice in Wiscousin, from Constable to Qovernor or Upited Blates Seuator, he has to make oath of his upswerviog loyalty to the cause of spending other people’s mouney in the Fox aud Wisconsin Rivers. Thie Btate of Llinois has uudertaken, at her own expeuso, and has expended over vae willion of dollars of ber own money, to es- tablish petmunent stuswboat navigation frow the wouth of the Illinoiy River to ity junotion with the Illinols & Michigan Canal. The State has also expended of her own money over 26,000,000 huilding thia canal. This work {8 now in progress, and, when completed, will bo one of the grandest atruot- ures of the kind in the world. Thero will be n continuous ronte of 830 miles of navigation conneoting the great Misais. sippl and Missourt Rivers nt their june. tion with the system of IJake nnviga- tion, This work Iilinows has prosecuted at great cost, and s now prosecuting towards o grand success, It ia n national work, nn- equaled by nnything of the kind ever at- tempted in this country. It will put New Orlenns and the comimercoof the Ohio River and of tho Missouri Riverindirect communi- cation with Lake Michigan ; nnd yot tho ninetoen Reprosentatives and two Senators from this Btate in Congress did not ask one dollar in afd of tho State in prosecuting this work, ‘Thoro romain bnt threo dams to bo built to complete tlus work, but it does not appenr that any of the candidntes for re- election to the Henate or to the House ever proposed an appropriation to aid the State in the grand enterprise sho is carrying on at hor own coat, though the entire twenty. ono votes of Illinois wero given for thenp- propriation of $250,000 for the Fox and ‘Wisconsit Rivers, and the $1,000,000 for the mountain.strenms of West Virginia and Georgia, nud the $£0,000,000 generally voted for all imoginable purposes. Had these Illinoisnna in Congresa demnnanded that in the general ateal $300,000 be given to aid the Btate in the Illinois-River improvement, that sum wonld have enabled the tolls of the cannl to aconmulate in sufficiont amount to build one of the remaining dams, and the completion of the work would have beenshort- ened ot lenst two years. Has Tilinois consed to have any infinence in Congress? Whero aro the illustrions Gencrals and statesmen this Btate has furnished the National Legis- laturo? as not Illinols furnished two Presidents, and are there not at least half dozen of her atatesmen now propared to servo the conntry in the like capncity ? And yot with twenty-one votes in Congross and twenty-one votes for President, Illinols could not, in a case of general robbery of the Trensury, securo a dollar to ald the Btate in the great pational work she is prosecuting at such an enormous outlsy from her own Treasury, A TIMELY LESSON FOR WORKINGMEN. Mrs. SwissHELY, in Teply to o sourrilous postal-card sent her by some anouymous coward, takes occrsion. to rond a vory sensi- ble losson to workingmen, if they wonld only atudy it and heed its warnings. We have al- rondy printed it In full, and reprint a por- tion of it this morning, with the Lope that workingmen will rend it and think ol it, The substaunce of her position is, that tho unnat- ural combinations of trades-unions and workingmen against employers are destroy- ing Iabor itsolf, and intensifying the distress of the unomployed, Mrs. BwWissHELM says: Tnstead of seeking to hulld up the buelness on which both depend for a living, and thus promot. Ing the welfare and prosperity of both, the onie ploye is ta llo In walt for the employer, ready to spring Zpon biin at any moment from tia dark ro- ceancn of a secret combination, of which the one rpecliic object Into thwark and cripple bim. It follows thiat every man who emplovsanother comes ta fecl that he iaa put himaolf in the vower of ono who seeka hils hurt; that ho Is In dally familiar n- tercourse with une Wha hae & sccrot tnderstnnding with total strangera tnat, at their nigding, he will (6N upon tho man who iruste him, the man who furninben his childron with bread, and knuck out lie props from unider hie louse, ry his pusiness In ruln, and boast of the achlevement. Are workinginen so blind that they eannot see the logical results of such combinations, and that labor cannot prospar so long as those mutually futerested in it are not in sympathy? The war waged upon employere by trades-unions and other combinations inevitably produces a Iack of confidence and ill-foeling. This want of confidence causes thousnnds who have capital and would like to go into business to keop out of 1t, because thoy feel they oan have no control ovor their work., Thoy kuow that, the moment they set men to work, these mon, instead of tak- ing au inturest in the work and sympathizing with thom, will combine sgaiust them, plot against thom, at every opportuuity strike for mora wages aud loss hours of work, threaten taem and tholr property, snd denounco them a3 dospots, robbery, and task.masters, who linve no regard for life, and who aro squecz. ing ull they can out of their laborers. As Mrs, BwissuzLx pointedly asks: **Is it any wonder that mon who have sccumulated means should Lesitate to invest thom in any eutarprise which requires the assistanco of othera? Is it any wonder that Capital goes a-begging for investments, whilo Labor starves for want of cmployment? Any ‘Wondor that the laborer and hls family go hnngry and naked for want of the comforts of life, while manufacturers nud mer- chouts, having these to dispose of, are clos- ing their establishmonts with a oryof ‘over. production'?" Buch a condition?of things can only load to mutual autagonism, When o man kuows that he I8 hirlug enenles, who will immedintely combine against him, try to breuk down his busluess, aud not Lave tho slightest sympathy with him, he must of necessity place bimsclf in au autagonistic position for self-protection, or else quit business altogother, When he feels that the mien who ought to take an intereat in his work are liable at any time to scizo his property and deatroy it or steal it, it is but natural that timid men should keep out of business, and bolder mers should striko back whon thoy are struck at, Cannot workiugmen wee that this state of things muit necessarily mako times worse justend of better,—that it must lead to less produc- tion, and consequently less wages,—that it must produce mutual distrust and a losaof that coufidence without which it s slmply impoasible to carry on busineas? Mrs. Swiya- uzea, who has beon both an employer and an employs, and knows by cxperience the truthof what she is saying, has vead o les- son to workingmen on this point that they ought to cousider, If thoy would do o, it would not tuke them long to dis- cover that they are doing themsolves most grivvous infury by listening to the lazy aud corrupt demsgogues who array them in au aititude of hostility to thelr employers, Raw wmaterial caunot be manufactured with- out labor, and if the man who fuynishes the *labor, sud the man who furnishes the raw material and pays the labor, are encmies, it fs juevitalle that both sides wust suffer. ‘That jv the long and the short of it. If the leaders of these trades-unlons ° were bonest, if these demagogues were work- ing for anything but their own gelfish oudy, they would week to bring about & better state of feeling between em- ployers and employed, instead of attempt. ing to widen the gep, and urging on work- ingmen to bura and plunder. It {4 useless to expect such a course, however, from these Communistio leaders, whose only hope of welf-aggraudizemont lies in their ability to bring about an open ruplure between the workingwen aud their employers, When the workingmen emancipate themsolves from tho yule of such leaders a3 Paxsoxs, Guotrsay, Krapszy, Honsztr, Bwinioy, and others, who nover do au honest day's work, and havo the good sonso to chtablish amicable relations with their employers, n- stead of trying to pull them down and dentray tho means of Inbor, confidenco will roturn aud times will commence to ba bettor. ———e THE NEW DULGARIA. The foreign mails juat avrived contain the dutails of the action of the Euaropean Con. gresa with reforence lo tha new Principality of Bulgaria. The fixing of the southern frontier was tho most dangerons rock in tho way of the Congress,.but it has been passed in safoty. The new line runa from a point on tho Black Sen, n little south of Varna, along the main Balkan range to a point west- ward of Bhipkn, tho scene of Gounxo's brill- fant operations, thon curves n little so as to pnas o tho sonth of Sophia, and proceeds to the frontier of Bervia. Thus the new Bnl. garin, in addition to tho flatcountry botweon tho Danube and the Balkana which it has al. waya included, gains the hilly conntry north of Bophia, and tho seaport and fortress of Varna for its mnin defense, and controls the gotowny botwoon Turkey and Wostern Europe. In addition to limiting the extent of the new principality, England and Austrid insisted upon and secured the right of Tarkey to make the Balkans thoir mill. tary ns well ns geographical frontier, by placing garrisons in the principal monntain- pnescs, 80 na fo repel invasion from the north,—the ground being taken that, as Turkey lind lost her first line of defense on tho Dannbe, she hind a right to strengthen licr second line, the Balkans. By this notion Tarkey gnins a strong frontior protection, and Russia is—for the prosont, at least—shut out from immediate nccess to the Egean Sea. The decision was not arrived at, however, withont considera- blo opposition on the part of Russin. She .mado no serious sttemptio preserva the huge Bulgaria which Gen. IoNaTizrr had mapped out, which strotchod enstward to Adrian- ople, south to the /Egean, aud far to the west of Bophia, and whioh would bave changed Roumelia Into a province hardly biggor than Michigan; but she made the most strenuons and persistent demand to have Bophia incladed in tho new province, the Powers finally consenting, upon condition that thelineshould pasa to the nonth of the town in such a way a8 not to threat. en Austrian intoreats in that vicimity, With regard to the fortifyingof the Balkan pnases, however, sho was not sosuccessful. Russin's opposition to the scheme was based upon tho ground that the people on the plaina would be constantly menaced by the Turkish troops in the mountsins, and that the very localitios of tho horrible massacres of 1876 would be again exposed to the cruclties of Moslom fanaticism, England porsistently contended that the wedge.lika oxtenslon of Bulgaria to the nonth would give Russin an opportanity to quietly appropriste Turkey by piecemeal, and that, unless a atrong barrior was placed ‘between hor and Turkey, thire was no se- ourity that the Eastern Queation might not be opened up ngain at any time when it suited Russia’s purposes. Tho concossion was ylolded by Russia, but was acoom. panied by cortain stipulations, the nature of which have not yot been made public, guarantecing the protection of the Chris- tians in Roumelia,—a point which Rus. sla could not waive with honor, since it wns on bebalf of these OChristians the Czar jn his manifesto declared that he went to war. The English pross is {nclined to regard this concession as a groat triumph for Bxa- ~coxsrixLp, and to exnggerate ita importance, The London Zimes argues that, if the de. mands of Russia had been admitted, Turkish anthority would have been vvertbrown, the Porte would have been uuablo to defend its Capital, and would have been at the mercy of Russinn intrigne and Russlan arms, Under these cireumstances, ** Tho continu. ance of the Ottoman Empiroe wonld be a mere mockery. A perpetual process of dis- integration would be ket up, accompanied by the greatest miserics to the unfortunate in. habitants, and tho oconstant risk of great wars with othor European Powers.” Now, howover, it thinks Turkey hes o ren! frontier capable of military defonse, and can bar Russin from approaching Conatan- tinople. The concession, howevor, does not appear 8o important whon the presont limits of Turkey in Europe are considered. 8Sho has been sliced ont and pared down in overy direction, Bhe loscs all of Bulgaris, all of Bosnis, Horzegovina, and Bervia, a large slice of territory in OId Bervia, a small alico to tho south of Montenegro, a atrip of Southern Albanin and Thossaly, given to Grecece, including an area of over 1,600 aquare miles, with a fair proapect of losing some of her islands and considerable of her Asiatiq territory, Bhe la reduced to au ares of about 67,000 square miles and o population of 6,000,000, Bho has a foothold in Kurope, aud that is all, Considerivg the vastness of the Hussian victory, and the mag. nitude of the changes effected by it, Rus. sinn concessions appear very insignificant and Bracoxsrizp’s diplomatio victory very small, PAILURE OF 'UNIVERSAL SUFFRACGE, It is only a few mouths since MarTuzw Anxorp made hig remarkablo plea for squal- ity before a Dritish audienco, He chose his toxt from MeNanpER; showed that the idea of equality was cherished among the a cients, aud that the moderns who have ewbraced {6 have wade the greateat social progress. It was a dangerous subject to haudlo in the presence of au sudience com. posed largely of the English aristocracy, but Mr, AsvoLp mausged it with consummate skill. Without giving offonse, he delivered home-truths, and did so, moreover, with | such yrace of style and force of reasoning that his words must have sunk deep in the hearts of his hearers, Au opposite, and not less pleasant picture to this, is presented in a disoussion of ** The Failure of Universal Buffrage,” in the last uumber of tho NortA American Review, by Fuancis Pamxman. *The masses of the nation in thess doys,” Mr. Panxuax says, ¢ want equality more thau they waut liberty, Now, thero is a factitious inequality, and a real and. intrinsic one. Raok, titles, priv- ileges, and wealth make up the first, and charaotgr, ability, and culture the second. Excepling only the distinction of wealth, weo have abolished the artificial inequality, and now we are doing what we can to abol. Ish the real one. Vagusly and half uncon- sciously, but every day more and more, tho masses hug the flattering illusion that one man is cssentially about as good as another. They will not deny that there is a great difference in the quality of horses or dogs, but they refuse to ses it in their own genus. A jockey may be a democrat in the streot, but Le iv wure to bo an aristocrat ju the stablo. And yet the essontial diferonce be- twoen man snd man is fucomparably greater than that between hozse aud horse, or dvg e e ey and dog; though, boing chiefly Lolow the surface, tho general eyo can hardly seo it.” This In strong Iangnage, and it s is not the strongest Mr. ParxaaN uses, Hin argu. mont is far from heing 8o Aqnoamish as that of Martniew Anvorp. It is moro virile, but more caleulated to give offense, ife might eny, if this objection were rained in his presonce, that his chief purpose in writ. ing the ossay was to give offense. Ho de- nires to offond the platocracy, the ignorant advocates of » spurious and degrading equality, and, nbove all, to shock tho sonsi- bilities of the natural lenders of the people, and arouse them to .ction. The appeal is not caleulated to encourags them in main. taining the slothfal indifference o political subjacts which they havo so long professed. For it is addressed to their own aelfish inter- osts, It ‘tells them that the prosent tendencies of American domocracy nre to lovel downwards ss well as upwards; that good government cannot be maintained or restored unless tho instructed and de- veloped intollect of the country is in good degreo united with politionl habits and ox- perionce; and that, unless good govern. ment is so restored, an ignorant proletariat will inevitably destroy the Republic. False notiona of equality have at last, Mr. PARKMAN says, bronght affairs to this pass: ""That two cotinter-influences are apparent— the one a curse and the other n blessing: Firat, thoss suddenupheavalsof accumulated wenlth which break with sinistor portent that brond distribution of property which onoe formed our safoty ; and, secondly, the recont re-enforcoment of trained intolli- genee,” duo to the growing strength of the higher education. It will not do for ns to depend upon the uninstructed ballot for tho safety of the Republic. Tho ballot has bosn mndo o sort of Fetich, as if it conld guldo and educato those who wiald it, thns revorsing tha relation of cause and effect. Gdod government, Mr. Panxman rightly aays, is the end, and the ballot is worthlesa except g0 far as it helps us to reach this end, “Universal suffrage is applicable only to those people, if such there are, who by char- acter and training are prepared for it, and theronly rational question is as to the degres of preparation that will serve the purpose.” Nor will it do to assume that we can mako the bad voter n good one by educating him; 1118 dofect 18 not merely fntellectaal, It conafata ale0 in the want of fecling that his own Intorests nre connectad with those of the community, nnd In the wenkneen or abaence of the sonse of moral and political duty, The resulta thus far of our present stvic of popular education are not fatterlng. That ortion of young America which han sprung from umblo snd lguorant parantage ought 1o show 1t conspicuously; but it may be doubted enoral rule, the young Irish-Amer- er or safer citizen than his parent Ile can resd, but ho reads nothing but from Cork, scrieational atortes and standalons picturo-papers, which Al him with prepoaterous notlons, and would enfeeblo & stronger braln than his, and do- bauch a sonnder conscionce. Ho 18 genorally lexa induntrious than hiseire, and cqually carcless of the publie good. The depondence must be, in the last re. sort, upon the educated young men of tho day; and this class unfortunately aro de. ficient in that kind of knowledge snd power which they ought to have to fit them for political leaderahip, **Our civilization,” ro- marks Mr, Panxaan, *is woak in tho head, though the body is robnst and fall of life. With all the practical vigor and diffused intelligence of the American people, our cultivated closa {a leas inferior to that of the leading ocountries of Enropo; for not only does the sovereign Domos think he can do without it, but he is totally unable to distinguish the sham odu- cation from the real one.” It is a happy angury for the future that some progress has beoen made of late yoars in fil- ting young men for tho activo dutics of citizenship. The dscipline of the uni- versity is becoming moro and more & train. ing for the political areua. Iu this arenn thoro I8 o careor for the most honorable and wisest of our youth, If they will undor. tnke the dutics of political leadership, the guidance of the masses townrds better idens of goverument may not prove so dilficult,or Impossiblo nn undertaking; and with the growth of a political morality among them will come all, the elovated notions of respon. sibility and equality which are neocssary to tho proservation of our institutions. It will be admitted, wo bolieve, by those who rend his paper, that Mr. Panxaran hos mads an effcctive and timely ples. Some- what extreme it may bo called, and somg. what too pessimistic; Lut that it Is goneral- 1y on the right side, and sounds tho note of warning in the direstion of tho grentost dan. ger. Thero Js ono word, however, he has left unsaid; it is a word of reproof to the educators of the conntry. It is their fault that * our olvilization is wenk in tho head"; that our young men nre gonerally so untlt to discharge their own duties of clhzenship, much more to gulle others; and that tho contempt of “the scholar in politiesa” has been so widely and justly entortalued, ‘The truth lu, thst the scholag in this counlry has not boen, for a goneration, fit to go into politics, Morcover, ho has exerted all hia influenco to muko the young meu with whomn hie came in contact as unfit as Limsel?, If this ie chang. ing, we are glad to kuow it; but we think Mr, Panman owed it to tho subject to say that the masses are less to blamo for going wrong than the cultivated classes ore for | neglocting their political dutles and abdicat- 10g thoir natural office of leadership. ARMING ASIATICS. One of the wost significaut side.lssnes thus far raised at the Europoan Congress was suggestod by Count Bonouvarory's pro- test against the employment of Asiatio troopsin Europe, and thesolling of ropeating- ritles to Asiatio people, especially tho Ohi- nese, It was time unch a protest should Le made, The late war proved nothing more offectually than the fact that breech-loading arms have changod the conditions of modern warfare, Persoual valor will avall nothing against intronched troops armed with the Martini-Heury, or even the Pusbody riflo. On this head Count 8cuouvavrorr is roported to have said in the Congress: **The ex- perisnce of the late campaign has shown that war ¥ no longer to be a contest which superior physical streng| purposa will win the viotory, + The Turks, srmed with rifies made in the United Btates, and Intrenched iu positions chosen and forti- fled with military skill, were able to hold at bay for waeks the flowerof the Ruusian army, tha bust, bravest, sud most ardent of soldiers,” papor correspondsuce of the war will remem. bor that it bears testimouy to a slui- lar state of facts. The Russians wers liter- ally mowed down when they advanced 10 the open fleld sgalnst intreuched Turka. Nocour- 8gs, no determination to win, sud no odds in numbers, could stand up ageiust tho rapld volleys which the Turks poured into their rauks, The priucipal successes in the siege of Plevus were gained by taking advantuge of cover. The Jhily News correspondence poiuts out this faot as specially uoloworthy, and iustauces ome caso in which u victory was won by the wmen, after the officers Lud sud moral Those who have read the news-' given up in derpair, by the adeption of guee. .rilla tactics. 18 woll to remembor, by atorm, bnt by atar. wation. Plavnn waa not taken at Ingt, i Osvan moved ont into the opeg field in tho attempt to ont his way through, and, during his absonce, the atronghold wag ocenpied by the Rusainns, Good judges con. foss that ho might have hold the town indefi. nitely it ho had been supplied with provis. fona and ammnnition. Brooch.londing rifics mako one man almos$ a8 good as another in war. In a contoat be. tween intronched troops and besiegars, if tha one man happens to be bobind intrench. menta and ‘the other in tho open fleld, the former in about ten timos ns good na the Intter, inasmuch as he can firo that mnny timosa minute without muchdanger of being hit bimself, It does not matter whother nc. ournto aim ia taken or not, Mr. Fonnra, one of the most caroful obsorvers about Plevna, bolieved s atraggling fire from breech-londers waslikely to be inore destructive than a slow, aiming fire. All that remains, thorefore, to put the Asiatics on a par with the Earopeans in the practice of the nrt of war fs to teach them how to mako and use Euaropesn and Ameriean arms. It the 250,000,000 of In. diaus and tho 400,000,000 of Chineso wers supplied with Martini-Henrys,and told how to nse them, they could, if they had the disposition, make shork work of European clvilization. They would at least bo likoly to offer a practical solntion of the Eastern quostion that Lonl Beacons. rieLn, with all his sagaoity and forathought, Lias not provided for. Now, it is not at all improbable that tho Chineso shonld make repoating.rifics an important part of their equipment. They are not bad fighters when they havo a ohancoof winning. They aro quick to learn and imitato, though slow to originato, Thoy have, orcould obtain, monoy to establish manufnctories, if once they ro- solved upon tho onterprise. Al they wouald neod would be a fow overseors, and machin. ory, and theso could bo obtained, if proper porsussion ware used, from America. Thero is no roason, indeed, why Amer- ica should refuss to furnish workmon, matorial, and machinery—or completed wonpons, for the mattor of that—to the Cbinese or any other Asiatio natlon, Sacurs in hor own position, America can afford to let tho Asiatio problom fight itaclf out, con- fident that, if tho Europeans are driven out, littlo wrong will be done to the nightful pos. sossors of the soil, Russia has, it is trus, special resson to ap. prehond the arming of tho Qhinose. She is extending her dominion in tho dircction of tho Chinese Empire, aud sho fears to meet there a resistance as stubborn as that which alie oncountered in Bulgaria. But England Lns equal reason to fenr the Instruction of bor Indian subjects in the use of small arms. If the truth wore known, the growth of o formidablo Chinose army wounld be tronble. some to England as woll as td Russia, in- volving a8 it would the instant suppression of tho opium trade and the conquest of Hong Kong. Disnartt's rosson for turning thoe question lightly off with a snocr i, of course, that he has his unfortunate policy of introducing Indian troops into Furope to dofond, aud some fecble regard for consistoncy still lingers by him. But Trince Brsuanck end M. WanpiNaToN sce the imporlance of Wie suggestion, if Lord Beacoxsriznp doos not. 'Thoy ara porhaps willing to leave Lim to bo devoured, liko ane other Actrwon, by his own dogs ; but it will not be thelr fault if the rest of Europe is not saved from the consequences of his policy, 80 far as tho Congress ean have any inflaenco upon it, by o formal declarution agalnst the arming or uso of Asiatics by European Powars, Modloal men have known for a long time that tho best remadies for consumption wero plonty of pure air, sunshino, aud exerciao, oud also food that contained much carbon. Cod-liver ofl s boon a favorite remedy, and hns done good Iu prolonging the lives of consumptives, aud putting off the approach of the grim monster. 'Che virtues of othoer romedies are in proportion to the amount of carbon thoy can infuso into the system to feed the consuming flame that wastvs the body. Tho theory is, that the internal fover Lurns up the carbon iu the blood faster than tle food eaton can replace it, The discase then preys on the fatty substauces of the Lody, and destroys tho lungs, nud eventuslly the life. In short, there is not ol enough in tho lamp for tho wlick, und the latter fs burnt and the light goes out. Elsowhers we print an Interesting letter from Dr. D'Unurn, of Minnoapolis, on this subject, in which he makes public a prescription which he de. clures has produced exvellont efosts, to his personal knowledge, This is Lis prescrip. tion f alf pound finely-cut-up boefsteak (frosh)} One dractin pulverized charcoaly Four nusces pulverized sugar; Fuur ounces ryo whisky; One pint bulling water. Mix all together, lat It stand lo & cool place over nizut, and glve from one to twoLoaspooutuls Higaid and meat—before each moal. 1 have usud this proparation vory fraquently, and Jiaye nover found 1t act otherwiva thun bun: deful, Thadose sbould be wmail ut frat, until the stomuch becowes used Lo 1t, aad thou gradually lucreased., I'his remedy bLas, at lesat, the merit of simplieity. Aoy one cau try it. If it does no good, it can do wo harm. We refer the roador to his lette Therols great differencoof opinion in England, and out of It, whethor Diagaset dida wise thing when o ordered 7,000 Sopoy troops from Indls to Molts, to demonatrate to Russia that he could ewploy numerous leglons of the suine kind of soldlers, Ou the questivn of tho de- velopment of British power by tho use of fndlan troops, the New York Wordd, In a leadur on “ England’s Now Recrultiug Urouud,” takes 8 wvery florld view of tho case. It says: BEaconerieep, like Firs-Janzs In the poem, blew Lia hugle, und up started u new raca in urin. The order Iasucd by the Minustey transferring 7,000 Indisn troops to Malts, by way uf prupara- tion for posnble encountér with Iussia, not only siariled Europe, but thrilled: the Engiish people with & sudden perceptlon of " the act that this emawll vanguard rually repros seuts an sctuaily available ludian aray of 50,000 wew, whichmay b ewployed in the scrve icu of the British Empire in auy past of the globis, and the ravke of whicl, fiom Lhe vast populativns of the Anglo-indisn Emplze, may be keot dilod a4 long as those of suy military power In tho world, "There s as much potty pariy epirlt in England o in Awerica, aud the pariisin autigouists of Lor Bxacussrigtu have belittlod the “significunce of this extzaoruinary revelation, sy far &s thoy were able to du so. Dut nosther forcign statesmicn uut wiole Eaglisimen aru kol (o by blludod @ tuat 18 jwplics. Money and ships Roglaud Inabuudance befure: aad, Jo, hore are wenl e —— There is & good deal of {li-fecling In Kansas over a case connected with the K, 1% laud-gruut which will probably receive Secrelary Bouuks's attentlon soou. Bee. 8 of the act ui 1o63 provided that, three years after the Pacific Rail- rouds were completed (this term explred lote lo 1872), all thelr lands nut dlsposed of should be oven for entry eud pre-emption st §1.25 a8 acre, the woney tu be paid to the Compan?e Iu opite of this, aud of adecislon of the Uniied States Supreme Cours to tho eifect that it was ot intended to confer a swonupoly of the layds on the Comvany i perpetuity, and that the plain futent of Cougress was Ly euconrage st teaient, the Puatle Ratiroads are sclll lands at from $3.45 to $I275 an vere. ] the cusy I Kunsus, a realdent o1 Davis Coust? olfered to pre-empt sud cuter at FLES ver avte 4 Job of lund fu & rallwsy sction uF - Bl g v P