Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 21, 1878, Page 4

@!m Tribare, TEMMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BT WA —IN ADVARC y Edition, ane year., 'crinof & yesr. permont Fonday | Editton: L Tronble Ehee F-mm-ymxunn twive -Weckiy, one fear. AFtat & Jent, IoE WHERLY EDITION, POSTPATD. o Tor, Erecimen Give Fost-Ofiica address fn fall, Including Btate aod * County, Remittances mayba made efther hy draft, express, Tost-Oftice onder, or in registered letters, at our riake TERMS TO CITY SUBXCRIBERS. Patly, delivered, Eunday excepted, 23 cents per week. sy, Gelivered, Bunday Included, 80 crnts per week. Adéress THE TRINONE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborneats.. Chicago. 11, Orders for the deliveryof Tax TAIDUSE at Evanston. Engleweod, and Hyd rk Ieftin the connling-room * Wiilrecelve orom; STAGE PREPAID. 83 TRIBUNE BRANCIH OTFFICES. Tll Cricaao TRIRTXE has extablished branch ofices for the recelpt of subscriotionsand advertiscmente as follows: KEW TORK-Ttoom 20 Tridune Dullding. F. T. Mc- Favpzx, Mansger. FARIS, France—No, 16 Ttas de ia Grange-Datellere. 1. Manres, Ageot, LONDON, Eng.—American Exchangs, 449 Strand. TipXRT F. Giiuto, Agent. BAN FRANCISCO, Cal.—Talace Hotel AMUSEMENTS, MeVicker's Theatres Madlion street, between Dearborn sng Btate. “'One Lie Leads to Another * sud *‘Swestnearts,” llocle"l 'l'hn(n. Randoiph _street, - itk and Lasalls. Parx Theatre camv-ny T Champagae And Oysters.” Hnverly's Thentre., Monroe straet, fomer of Dearborn. Rice's Extravas ganza Comblantion. **Evangeiine.” TWhite Stocking Park. Lake Bhore. foot of Washington street. Oams be: tween the Chicago and Ciuclanatt Clubsst 3:43 2. m. New Chicago 'l'llaltre» Clark street, opposite the Sherman Heuse, **Jus- tice™ sad a Variety Olio. ‘The Tabernacle. * Monroo street. between Frankiin and Market. Con. cert by the Gtrakosch Troupaln aldof the Newsboye' Yiomo. TUESDAY, MAY 21, 1878, ‘Greenbacks at the Now York Btock Ex. chanige yestordny closed at 994, The report of tbn Commlulunur of In- ‘ternal Revenue of the Revonue Agonts who have been looking through Col- luctor’ Werrzes's balliwick . is almost o literal verification of tho statoments printed in Tue Tamune relative to tho whisky ‘frands that Lave beon perpe- trated in Chiengo. Tho Revenue lawa and regulations are shown to havo boen violated, ignored, and evaded to an oxtent that might well call for the instant romoval of the alleged Collector. From two of tha persons whom the Demo- crats propose to oonvict of frandulent par- ticipation in tho Florida and Louisiana Elect- oral cauvass, Secretary Snemyan snd Minis. . tor Noxes, oxpressions havo beon received of wmare -than willingness to be investignted. Gon. Noves cables arequest (o be subpmnaed .® opco a8 o witness boforo the Belect Committeo, and his oncmics dare not refuso to grant him the privilego of confronting lLis aconsers in porson. Bocrotary Snenaan will not be an idle spec- tator of tho investigation farce, but will ses 1o it fhat it is converted into a very sertous performance beforo the Demoerats got through with it. He will be represented by abls counsol beforo the Oomumittes, and will not tamely submit to the style of inquiry that the PorTen rosolution contemplates. Tho Mothodist ministers of Chieago aro engoged in tho discussion of *‘The Reln- tions of the Ohurch to Socialism” nt thelr regular Monday fpootings. Yestorday threo of tho Communist' leadors were presont to listen to the discnssion, nnd ono of them, Citizen Scuisuing, availed Limself of tho fu. vitation to express his viows, o diselaimed for the Boclalists any purpese’ to make war on individuals or to destroy lives or prop. erty,—that ls to say, personal proporty. What thoy do propose, according to this mild- * manncred exponent of theaimsandintentions of Communiem, is to have an equal division of oll the rol estate on the face of the carth; to regulate wages by law, and do sway with competition in labor; {o abolish tho use of laborsavisg machioery, and roturn to the primitive fashion of doing everything by land, with tho additional re- quiremont that. the hours of labor shall be roduced and tho rate of campeusation in. creased. Oitizen SomiLrina's idea of n min- {stor's duty is to asalst in making this sort of ploafer's paradise on earth, instead of preaching .contluually about the joys of Heaven, TheMethodist brethren will hard. 1y consent to uudertake this sort of meuia. tion between labor and capital, Tho reason wby work done under the wmanagement of tho County Doard costs the taxpoyers threo times as much as work done under the management of the Common Council may ba fouad in the followiug ex. tract from the report of yestenday's proceed. ingsof the Board of Commisaioners: Au estlimate was resd_from Architect Kaax Jn {u:mr‘ of Warkku for 30,000 for work on the ourt. Mr. Wiikxien moved the suspension of ibe rules and the allowance of the fllllmnh, sud the motlon prevalled by a Vote of 10 to 4. 'Tuoso vorine in he negative woro Sessrs. Avaks, BoLsE, Sror. Tonp, and SeNKe, W{ha estlmate was then allowed by tho same o. Mr. Firzozuad moved tho » rules and the allewsnce to P, XTuN of an eslimate of $33,000 (0T work on the Coust-Honse, "o Chair oafl the_catimate wax In the bands of tbe Cowmitteo on Public Buildings and Public bervice, und could nop be conatdered by the Board. Mr. Loy moved that the vote by which the estimate had been referred Lo the Comuiltioe be Fecounidered, and the wotiou prevalled by tho usual “Thio roles wers then auspended and the eatimate was gllo ull votlug for it excep Al . OBk, BroiTOND, Ud SENE, T SRR AT, Here is the wum of $55,000 voted away without & particle of care or consideration of the county's intercsts, under a suspecsion of tho rules, and no protense of examination by the proper Committeo to determine whether the work hes boed all done aund bionestly dove.’ There is something more than au opportusity for asteeling in this manner of yushing through estimates in 1avor of “ Ring” contractors ; there is an ovident purposo thot stealing shall be done, — ‘Tho ovil effects of the partisan and revo- lutionery wcasure just set on fool in the House ut Washington are vividly brought Lomo to the peopleof Ohicago by the receipt of o letter from Bepator Gonvoy, of Georgis, ' regretting that, ** owing to the press of pub- lic business,” the Southeru Congressmen have been compelled to Foconsider their ac- ceplauce of the invitation of the Commercial Clab of Chicago to visit this city and partake of the hospitalitica ot its businew men & the form of a bauquet to be given at the Palmer House next Bat- urdny. The Southern Congressmon wors re- coutly ontortalned in A similar mauner by the Commercial Club of Hoston, and the ‘merchants of Chicago had hoped to bo able to rocelve them as the honored gnoats of the metropolis of the great West, By the nction of the Democratic majority of the House in attempting to revive the troublons times of the Electoral contest of 1877 this proposed interohange of eoolal courtesies hna beon roudered {mpossible, for it is clearly the lately-altered aspect of natlonnl'affairs that {s referred to in the convenient phrase, *‘the presa of public business.” The commercial men of Chiosgo, whether Democrats or Re. publicans, will not fail to percoive the con- nection betweon canso and effect which Sen- ator Gonpox's letter of regret so umihistak. ably indicates. In marked contrast with the generally peaceful tenor of the foreign ndvices of the past few days comes a dispatch from Ottawa announcing that the Dominfon Government {ain receipt by cable of s statement from the Imperial Government to tho effect that war between Great Britain and Rusaia ia inevitable, It i{s somowhat extraordinary that information of much tromendous import should be commnnlcated to the world through this roundabout channel,” and it will ba well to await the annonncement in a more direct nud authoritative form befors jumping to the concluslon that the peace negotiations have failed and that a doclaration of war by Eugland is im- minent. Connt ScHOUVALOF? hns not arrived in London on his return from 8t, Petersburg, end it would seem to be impossiblo that the newa of Russin's belligerant ultimatum, it sny such had been determined upon, should have preceded his appesranco before tho British Government ns the bearer of tho Czar's answer. Tha Sonate yeaterday had a spirited, con- troversy over the bill which, ounformnbly with Judge Epxuxps' caustic observation, might with propriety be antitled ** A Bill to Reetify o Party Blunder,” but which is known ns the bill to place Gen. Smrrrps on the rotired list with the - full rank aud poy of a Brigadior-General. An awkward hitch in the proposed legislation occurred in tho shapo of an amendment, offered by Mr. BanoeNT, proposing that Gon, U. 8. Gpast bo appointed on the rotired list with the full rank, pay, and allowancea of the General of the Army. Of courso this amendment was not submitted in good faith, but rather for the purposo of suggesting the wunfair- ness of singling out one officer for such honors and emoluments when hun- dreds of others equally worthy were forgotton and overlooked. Judge Davis, of Lllinois, took the broad judicial ground that neither Suieros nor Grant should be placed on tho rotirod list, nud doclared that Bizrps should havo been clected Doorkeeper of the House, or, foilivg i that, his ponsion should be incressed. 'The Democrats find somo difi- culty in getling through their attempted special logiglation to couuteract the bad effect produced by the election of FreLp over Buzros 88 Doorkeeper of the House. THE NEW DEMOCRATIC ISSUE. It is becoming more and more evident ovory day that the partisan investigation set on foot in the House of Representatives is aimed at President Haxes, aud intended to deposo him from office. *3r. Potren's reso- lution was recognized a8 a question of the “highost privilege,” simply becauss tho Bpenker of the House found ** tho election of Prosident " enumernted under that rule. Mr. Porren rofused to liston to Mr, Harx's reso- lution widening the scope of the investiga- tion, becausa the declared purpose of the in- vestigation was “to investigate the frauds which became operative, which were suc- cessfally carrled out, which were effootivo,” Mr. Youna's resolution in the Democratic caucus was rejected, because it was declara- tory of o purposo toleave the Prosident un. disturbed in the ocoupancy of his offics, Tho vetersn Azexaynea I, BrupneNs was re- fused & bearing by his own slde of tho House, bocause he intended to show the unfalrness of ' one-sided and partisan investigation. Bpeaker IANDALL made o ruling which violated all tho precedents, shaply because it was feared that any farther delay wight forco the Democratic caucus to grant a hoaring to the frauds chargoed by thoe Ropnblicans as well as to those charged by the Domocrats. Every consideration of patriot. ism and every sppesl to justice have been sot aside not morely to secure this invostiga- tion, Lut to make it partial and partisan, be- cause it was felt that an exhibit of Demo- cratio frauds would counterbnlance an oxhibit of Republican frauds, and leavo no oxcuse for the attoinpt to remove President Haves,which is tho single nlm of the movement. Finally, the packed seloction of the Committes indi. cates the purpose to prevent the Republi cnna a8 far as possible from protecting them. gelvos even in the ono-sided investigation that has beon ordered. There is ho reasonable doubt, then, that tho Democrats in Cougress, under caucus dictation against which there lias not beon ouo practical aud efolent protest, have de. termined to *“crowd Haxes out of oftice,” They do not contemplate the single con. stitutioual mothod for romoving the Prosi. dent,—frat, becauso it would be impossible to prove any compliclty ou his part with any {rauds thatmay bo doveloped ; and, secondly, becauso his removal by impeachment would “seat Vice-President Wurern, which would not satisfy the intrigners, There remains, thon, thio moral certaluty thet the reopeningof this controversy isdesigned to accomplish the re. moval of President Ilaves Ly setting nside the verdict of the preceding Cougreus which counted the votes and declared him elected, according to the constitutional method, 'l‘hlu would be bad enough if it stood slone, be. causy it is revolutionury and threatens to disturb the stability of our Governimeut not ouly for the present but for all future time, A successful and deliberate viola. tion of the Constitution in ome in. stance will cortainly serve as a prece- deot for the future when similar condi. tions shall arise. But the Democratic po- sitlon is 1ode the moro treacherous and in- fawous becauso there isnot & Democratlo newspaper or public man of any standing who hos not at oue time or another, in a more or less omphatio tone, insisted that the party must peacefully abide by the result of the eleotion as it was determined under a law of Congress and declared by Congress saelf, Iu the closiug days of the last Congress, snd following tho seasion of the Electoral Comuission, tho effort made to break down the decision was abortive, and the handful of Democrats who resorted to filibustering for this purpose wers demounced by their own party throughout the lepgih and breadth of the land as threatening revolu. tion, anarchy, civil war, Yet the situation i8 inuo wiss chunged. Tho luw and the facts THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE TUESDAY. wero the samo thon as now. Party passions ran higher, and there would oven havo been more extenuation at that time than there is now forarevolntionary proceeding. The threat of ripping np tho Electoral decision and Mexi- canizing the Government is even more menscing lo the integrity of tho nation, the prospority of the conntry, and the perma- nency of our institutions after nearly two years of quiet acquiesconce in the result, brought abont under the forms of law, than it would have been under an immediate revo- Intionary attompt by the irresponsible dema- gogues who wore ‘bawailing the loss of the offices. ITow will the Democratio politicinns ever bo able to justify a resort to Mexican methods nfter having denounced and fore- sworn thom ? A COURT-HOUSE OOHTBA!I. The contractors are getting along rapldly with the foundation of the City Hall. The groater portion of tho basemont walls sre in place, and look like a fine plece of work os far ns finishod. Underneath the stone, and below the bottom of the basement, ate threo feet of solid concreto, on which the walls vest, This foundstion is belioved to be euperior to that of the connty building, which stands on piles, It will settlo less, and stand mors firmly, . Tho cost of the foundation of the city building, whon completed nnd ready for the out-stone of the first story, will be, as nearly s can now be eatimated, about 857,000, This includes the three feet of concroto under- neath tho wholo foundations. Let our citi- zeng oxamine these massive foundations as they are passing through the publio squars, and see what they think of such an immense mass of first-olass work for 857,000, all “ extrns " and ** commiasions " fncluded. While they ara makingtheir inspection, we request them to cast their eyes toward the middle of tho rear wall of the county bnild. ing. There they will sec n pilo.of stone standing out from that rear wall, perhaps twenty feet in height, and concave on the west face. That pile of stone is called the * county’s hnlf” of a proposed dome, How much does the observaut reader suppose it has cost the taxpayerr :of Cook County ? ‘What will they think when informed that it bas cost acrenty-tco thousand dollars ? Com- paro that pile of slona with tho City-Hall foundations. The labter, including the con- crote work, cortainly appears to bave cost tho contractor four or five times as much ns that segment of a dome. To any that that fragment has honestly cost §72,000 ngainst the 957,000 for the whole basemont of the City-Hall, would be ridicnlous. It would be difiicult to make any obgerver beliove that 25,000 was evor ex- pendod on what stands lhera. Let nuy man, g ‘ho pnsses by, comparo the two jobs and draw his own conclusion. The grent, solid, massivo foundations of the City-Hall, costing but 857,000, look honest. No taxpayer but must feel that tho city has received its full money's worth. But when tho citizen casts his eyes upon the other, cost- ing the taxpayers 372,000, ho must be filled with astonishment and indignation at tho manifest frand and rascality that has been practiced by the County Ring, The Chamber of Commorcofaces the foun. dations of the Qity-Hal! and looks out upon that fragment of n dome, Fifteen hundred morchnnts nnd tradors congregate within it walla every day. Let them make nn exam. ination of the two jobs, keeping in mind that the City-Hall foundations cost $57,000, while tho wrotched little pileof stone againat the rear wall of tho county building has bLoen mnde to nbsorb 372,000 of the tax- poyers’ money. After making this comparison, an impres. sion will be produced on their minds as to the character of the gang who rulg and plno. der the poople of Cook County which will not soon be cffaced. T —— PALMER ON INTER-STATE POLICE. Ex.Gov. Palmer resurnes the disoussion of the constitntional quostions involved in the uso of tho army as inter.Stata polico. Wa at. tompted to enlighton him on thia subject some days ago by showing that the army belongs in part to the States, and that they have tho right to its services, ander the Constitu. tion, on the call of the Legislature, or of the Executive when the Legislature is not in session, Instend of devoling his whole strength to this proposition, which ia .the mattor in controversy, Mr, Paraer trios to show thatho, when Governor, properly object- od to the employment of troops in Ohicago o fow daya after the fire of 1871. Tuz Tripune will not accept the invitation to a full rehonring of that old case. It is not disposed to question the patriotism of Gov, Parues, or to underestimate bis services to Chicago. But he strained a polnt in objecting, iu the manner be did, to thouse of Federal troops for the protection of the olty in 1871, Technically ho was right, but actually he was wrong. The troops were hero on the invitation of the citizens, lrrespectiva of party. ‘Thoy were acting as police, and do- jug an amount of hard and cheerloss labor in that capacity which has never been suf- ficlently requited. The rogular police force was demoralized, Half of the men had lost thelr homes and were lookiug for places to shelter their families; the other half wero exhausted by continuous service, The City (iovernment was disorguu- izod. The Relivf and Ald Bocloty still worked under great disadvantages. There was no eflective authority to protect the property that had been smaved, or to suppress a brend-riot if one should break out; and nobody at that time could tell how great the danger was, Evejy traln was Lringing into the city supplics of monoy, food, and clothing, and alsodesperate characters detor- mined to make something out of the general loss, It was only the part of prudence, un- der the ciroumatances, to summon o force for tho commou defonse, The higher law of sell-preservation came into operation, and, iu the absence of any other sufficient power, application was made to Gen. Burmipaw, Theso may hiavo been M this a disrogard of official stiquetto; but there wis not an in. fraction of the spirit of the laws or an inten- tional wlight of the Governor's dignity., The most that he need have done was to call upon the citizons to correct the informalities in thelr proccedings, When he began to launch ‘*‘protests” and proclamations at Geon. Buesinax,—~who was acting the part of the Good Sawaritan,—and to talk about “usurpations” aud “encroachments,” he mada a great deal out of nothing, and com- mitted an error for which he has never for- given himself, and which ke has in valn attempted to justify aver since. He weut over to the Democratic party on the strength of his monsense, but to this dsy be is the ounly Democrat in Iliinois or the Unlon who cares auything about the sald *illegal employment * of troopa whon Chicago was in ruing. But the nnplnymunt of troops in Ohlcage #a guards 1o 1871 is not & living izsue. The yuestion iy, whother thoy shall be employed In Chicago and other eities of the Union in 1878, if necessary, to suppress Communiatio outbreaka unpon the call of the Gov- ernor. We desiro agnin to press upon My, Paryer's attontion the fact, fln!, that it is not proposed to employ troops except in the manmer and form prescribod by the Constifution and laws of the Btato of Illinois and the United States; soc- ondly, that the right to national troops when necessary to suppress domostic outbreaks is gunranteed to the States by the National Con- stitution; and, thirdly, that the resources of the Nationa! Government belong to the Btates and the citizens thereof exclusively. The commonest consideration of these points, which we made and amplified in a previons article, ought to clenr up tho obscuri- ties in Mr. Paxaten's mind. If hoe will only re- floot that the National Government is not o foreign power; that it belongs to him as much a8 to any oitizen, and to his Siato ns much na to any State, he will have no farther mingivings as to the right of the Btate to use United States troops when it needs them. Fioally, {a it oxpediont to use United States troopa tosuppressdomestic violance which the local police canaot deal with? Mr, Paruer says No; because ‘it is absolutely essontial to the presetvation of free institutions that the poople themsolves shall maintain and enforce the authority of all the lnws.” This isnot a roason. The people themselves do maintain and enforce the lawa when they call in the troops to help thom. The troops are theirs, and they act through the troops. It is not proposed that tha people shall sit idly by when fighting is being done, or that tho sarvices of militia or police shall be rejected. Mr. Pazyen’s argument would mnke the po- lice and the militia themselves dangerous to free institutions, and requira each houso- holder to act as his own patrolman. We know that tho police and the militla—valuable 0s they are and trustworthy as they are in Illinois—cannot everywhers doall that {s needed. Thoy may have the best disposition to suppress disorder, and not ba able to do so promptly ; or they may be able, and not have the disposition, ‘The first situation is the one which might arisa hero, or in 8t. Louis, or Cincinnati, it the Communists should got started. Wo want not merely a force that wonld be sufficlent to fight them down in time, but one that conld suppress them promptly and effectually in a few hours. This could be hbest farnished by national troops, baoked up by all the militin and police. Such a force would probably overaws an insurrac. tion, and no other would. Thore is again to bo considered tho case of thoso localitios in which the militia cannot bo trusted, Such wos proved to be the case in Maryland, Weat Virginia, and Pennsylvania Iast July. The Democratio Governors of the first two States aud the Domocratia Lioutenant-Governor «of tho lnat called on the President for troops, and they wero fur- nished, and they put down the riots without firing a gun. - What does Mr. Patsen pro- pose to do in cases of this kind in the fu. ture? Does he intend thot the peoplo of tloso localities shall fight it out? Shall tho forolgn Communista of Pittsburg, Baltimore, and Wheoling be permittad to take posses. sion of those citios, ond burn, pillage, and destroy, bolding thom until the farm. ors can organizo, arm, and redhpture them? Does it strike Mr, Paraes that this i3 more American, or more in accordance with the apirit of our froe institutions, than the plan of having troops rendy to quell such insurrections at the start? If he does not 50 beliave, he must ase that Tax Tamounc's position is sound ; that the army is needed a3 an inter-State police ; and that, to provide for outbreaks in several Btates at the same time, the army ought to be increased at least to 50,000 men. WHAT DEMOURATS HAVE SATD, ‘We have already printed extracts from the speechos and public utterancoa of tho most prominent Democrats, which prove that there waa a complote acquicsconce in the re- sult at the time Haves was insugurated. Even tho New York Nun, which since then has howled incossantly for a reopening of the case, priated a leading editorial Nov. 22, 1876, shortly after the Presidontial electlon, in which it maintained that tho solutivn of the controvorsy rested exclusively with Con. grosa, ‘Tho following is a portion of what it said then: Any attempt b thom, to go belind the certifcal mina'the right of the Eicctors to which they bava certifed, when th gided that right by ita compatent lead to conclusions in which the peopls his country will ot acquiescs. Thus. 1f )t ahall ba found on an Inspection of the cortlficatos of tho Elecioral Colleges, when they are opened in the presence of the two Honses, that Mr, Havas has recoived 185 Yoles of morc, that result muet o accepted by tne people as the leaal resnlt, what- ever may have bosn the frauds commltted in Louisiana or any nther Btate in returning or connt- ing the popular vota. 1t I8 perfectly proper for Congress 0 sacertain tke facts of such fruade tn an anthoritativo and conclusive manncr for the in- formation of tho people, but the certalaty that there are auch frauds canuot allect the legal(y cor. tifled election, Mr, Iiavzs must be {nsugurated and acknowledged as Preaident even 1f the lezal result is so talnted with fraud that honest men revolt at the very thought of what thoy must aubmitto. Thero {a no aliernativa bug civil war, and that forma an unnccessary and inadequate remedy, and le not tobe thouxht of. 1f Havxa shall be declared Prosident with ’uya Feason to believe 124 not been honestly and fairly entitled to Eloctoral vote of certain States, ba aud must bear tho consoquences. Those cone sequunces, If bis opponents ara v that tho Uila of offca te ta ba realuted. out that the to the two Houses, or either of ani pu -nfie i oatrages, namoly, by the benol: oz, No such spveal caii Lo mado It Uho country. 1s to be plunged fnto anarchy by denying Havy: titla to the office. Our Government must b pre- worved and perpetusted: and that it may be, griev- ousas the wrone will bo tust takes from TiLpEN Siates in which ho has cortalnly carricd o majority of thy pupular voto, we st submit tothat wrong, n tho autiro certaluty that the pary cespomaible Tor )t will In due time hie rewarded with poiltica} apnibliation, We ahall theretore deprecate and opnioss any action by the louse of Nepresonta- tives loaking to any dispute af the rogular Klector- ) certificatos from any of the States. Congreas did precisely what the Sun maln. taiued it bod the oxclusive right to do, It proscribed the manner of counting the Eleotoral votes, and did not go bekind the roturns, either of jts own motion or through the tribunal which it created by law. How, thon, can the Sun rensonably justify now what it dsnonncoed as unlawful less than two years agor- How con such shining lights in the Democratic party a4 Tuusxay, Bavazp, Tamar, Hosrtox, Gooox, Spaiees, even Davip Duprey Frewo, and a hundred others, condone any present co-operation with the nullifiers, when all of them distinotly spproved of the Commission and went on the record as demanding a loyal adherence to tho result? Avgxavpes H.. Sreesess bas sald that Haves' titls is tho best ever acquired by any Prosident of the United States, becausa it was given bim by a law of Cougress, aud Mr. Breemess still demounces the one- slded inveatigation as infamously unfair, Oasnsivs M. Onay, ons of Mr. Havza' most zelentless opponents, says that *‘ good faith” demands that the ocountry abide by the re- sult. He had sufficient sense to soe that if Haxxs wers unscated now snd Tiioxs sub- stituted on the Moxican plag, *‘the next Congress might be Republican sad uuseat T1LDLy,"~a process which, once inaugurated, might go on indefinitely. In fact, there is uos & Domocrot of consequence who has not MAY 21, 138, ndvised a poncaful submission to the forms of law, while the mnss of Demoorata have long sinoa become thoroughly satisfied with the condition of things as they sre, The Democratio party, then, betrayed by their reprosontatives in Congress into an incon. sistent and rovolutionary attitude, must an- swer to tho countryat the next Congressional cloctions (1) for having reopened the con- troversy at all; (2) for having insfsted on a onesided invosllgnuon which ocannot be Justified on nny grounds § and (8) for having conspired with a disgrantled clique of mal- content Republicans to damage tho best in- torests of the dountry for the gratification of mere personal spite. e —— THE RESULTS oiflm)x'm TRANSPORTA- In Tax Trinuss yesterday we discussed the quostions presented by the recent revo. lution in the rates of transportation, the re. sult of which has boen to render water transportation mors permanently controlling, and, in view of thefree navigationof the Erle Canal, the onlargement of the 8t. Lawrence canals, and never-closing Lowor Missisaippi River, incrensed means of cheaper transpor. tation, the impossibility of any return to the exacting rates of railrosd freights. We pointed out the immenge benefita resnlting 1o tho people of the whole West from this revolution. The roduction in freights on breadstaffs has boen an’increnss of prices to the producer, and every penny taken from the cost of transportation is a ponny added to the income of tho farmer, The immen. sity of this gain may be estimnted whon it is cousidered that within a brief period corn would not pay for its own transpor- tation by rail from the Mississippi River to the East, and It is now transported at 20 cents per 100 pounds through by rail to Now York. This is a rato which at one time, in the days of high canal tolls sund corresponding canal freights, was far palow anything ever expected from water rates. Now, corn 8 sont by water from Chleago to Now York at sevon conts per bushel, including tolls, when at one timo thoe New York canal toll was six centa per bushel alone. The reduction of freights last year and this year have added millions of dollars to the sales of grain by producers, —milljons thot otherwise would have gono for transportation. The impetus given to production, and the wealth given to pro. ducoers, have ndded Immensely to the sub. stantial menns of the country, The ability of tho farming classes to keep up paymenta of interoat on their mortgages, and to poy off those morignges as they fall dug, {8 due to the reduction in the cost of transportstion, Bo general has this boen that in this Slate and Wisconsin, and perbaps other States, communities bave turned thefr attention to the reduction of their municipaldobta. This has boen done by taking up outstanding bonds bearing high rates of interest with new bonds bearing low rates of intorest, and finding markets for the now bonds among the residonts of tho indobted towns, villnges, and counties, under arrangements providing for the annual retiroment by payment of o portion of the debt. In this State and in other Statos there havo beon many instances 6f Iarge cash paymentsof these local publio debts, with ronewal of tho remoinder on short-timo papor, taken and held by the tax- payers, Al this givea evidonce of the grow- ing wealth and aubstantial prosperity of the producing States of the West, resulting Inrgely from the important reductions in the cost of transportation. It also gives an all- suflicient refatation to the Eastern calumny that the Westorn people aro insolvents trying to repudiate their debts, Another and striking chauge that has taken placo during the lnst year is the immenso migration to the States and Territories wost of tho Mississippi River. There is always o large migration svestward, but during the Inst year this migration has inoluded, in ad ditlon to the Europeans, a large native popu- lation from the older Btates. Wa spesk with referencas to the population that has moved west of the Miasisaippi and—in the North- weost—west of the Missouri River. Itia cer- tainly wittin moderate bounds to say that, in the year beginning June 1, 1877, and to end with the prosent month, 1,000,000 of persons have * gone West " to make perma- nent settlements and to become producers. Of these, possibly 850,000 have gone mainly from Southern Btates into Texas, where thore ia valuable land and capable of unsurpassed production, Others have found homes in Arkansas,-—a Btats hardly open, and litile known as yet a5 on agricultural district. Into Kansas there has been a stoady stresm of Northern population, thé addition ex- ceading perhaps 220,000, Further north, this tide of migration has turned into Min. nesota and Nebraska, extending out over regions new to the plow and new almost to human occupancy, Acvoss Miunesots, the pushing march of sottlement has penetrated Dakota and the other Territories, and the traveler in the Northwest will be surprised to find how continnous and how exteuded hag been this permanent ocoupanocy and set tlement of men who have gone thera to cul. tivato the soil, and be freo and independent, andromoved from the evils and the poverty and the misgovernment of the older and more crowded States, It is probable that this migration to these moro Western Btates and Territorics of a permanent agricultural population, in addi- tion to those who have sought new homes ns miners or as traders in the newly-opened minlng districts, will continue several years longer. These are a valuable addi. tion to the West. Each man sad family becomes a producer and a consumer, Each person becomes a coutributor to the rail. ronds, ‘These new sottlers add to the income of the railways for their own transportation, All they consume will hiave to bo transported to them, and all thelr surplus products will have to be carried by rail to maorket. The sddition ot & million or half a million anpually to the nuwmbers of the cultivators of the soll is au addition of many more milljonsof bushels of graln and thousands of cattle and swine, to be transported by rail and boat, necessitating the employment of ‘more cary, more machinery, more vesssls, and adding proportionately to the production and wealth of the wholo country. It will create the necessity for the transportation West of what these people will nood and which they do not produce, There will be iron sud ateel manulactures, dry goods, leather goods, household furalture, building mna. terials, agrioulturs! implements, and all the requisites 0f prosperous farmers payiog for all they buy. All theso mewly-peopled and newly.producing rogions will be tributary to the rallways; will give tiess roads income snd business from distriots now unocoupied sud barven. In this immense addition to the pro- ductions, the prosperity, and wealth of the ocountry, the railrosds will shars liberally. It iv of no sdvantage to railways torun thvanoh nonrafitsbly-cultivated Siates aand connties, Whon the cost of transportation equals the value of the production to be transported, thero s necessnrily a continnons impovorishment of the country through which thoy pass. Itis only a question of time when the producer must starve or nbandon ‘the land, and auch a condition of thinga is of no benefit to the rllroads in any eense. The moro prosperous the people depondent for trans. portation on rallronds the greater thdir accnmulations, aud the greater their produc. tions the greator will bs tho esrnings and the prosperity of the railways. As chenp transportation is serving to enrich the pro- '| ducers, enlarging the volume of what they have to soll nnd what they are able to buy, and fs serving to opsn now districts now barron, the rallronds necessarily will reap the benefits and the profits of trafllo among such people, Higher rates may turn into the rallwny treasury all the products of the year, but that kills the producer and stops production, and rallway business ends, Bat with. cheap transportation the produacer thrives, production increnses, rail- way businoss grows with the prosperity of the people and bocomes profltable, aud rail. ronds are recognized as a blessing inatead of 88 au oxacting, conflscating monopoly. 1Itis possible that, when raflrond managements becomo satiafied that there can be no retarn to tho high rates of the past, they will dis. cover that in the fncrensed prosperity and wealth of the States they traverse, and the iucrense of business to moot the wants of such a population, thore will be a_substan- tinl and permanont compensation for the old business of skinning the conntry to pay divi- dends on inflated and dishonest atocks, A MATERIAL VIEW TPVP THE CINCINNATI Our readors aro alrendy familiar with ol the musical dotails of the rocent Festival at Oincinnatl, both in the clegance of their surroundings and the importance of their resulte. Its remarkablo succoss establishes the musieal position of that city beyond all question. It hins mndo ropid strides during the past fivo years, and now leaves even Boston, with its far-famed Handel and Hnaydn Saciety, almost a century old, in the roar, and proudly goes to the front. With the largest nnd most olegant hall, the bost drilled and most intolligont ahonu, and the Iargeat, if not thobest, organ in the country, she may dely competition. The material results of this Fostival are quito ns remark. nble s the musical, and some of the fignres contain a vory broad hint for Chicago and other cities. The avorage cost of each player in tho orohestrn was %80 and his expanses to and from and ot Oincinpati. Mr. Tuoxas was paid 856,000; Mme, Parexnnery, $1,200; Miss Oanv, Mrs, Os- aoop, sad Mr, Warrsey, $1,000 each sud tholr oxponses; the other artists, who bad little to do, recolving smaller sums. ‘Tho gross receipts of the Festival were $67,000; tho expenditures, sm.ooo, leaving the bnnd.wmo balance of $27,000 in the hands of the Assoclation. Every sent in tho great ball was sold bofors the Festival commenced, 4,200 in number, and nearly 2,000 stood up at overy concert, snd grent crowds listencd outside the building. The impulso given to business during tho woek-was vory great, and many thousands of dollars were laft in the city by tho great crowds who camo from abroad. The hotel capacity was insufficient to accommodate the strangers, although people wore packed to. gether liko eardines, aud the parlors and ordinaries woro filled with cots. Tho rail- ronds and river packets were crowded., The strest.cars wero overlonded. The atores were orowded. Thousands of people flocked to the grent boer-hallg on tho ridge of tho hills. ‘Tho Loan Exhibition was continually crowd- ed, likawise overy other place of entertain- ment in the city, For a whole wack one object scomed to anlmate every one,—to Lear musio and to spend money, and at the end of the week Cinoinnati was much richer than at the beginning. Now that the Festival is over, Clncinnati finds nersolf in possession of tha largest and finest hall in the country, which has no debt attached to it, and is exempt from taxation. It contalns not only the large hall, with ita organ, adapting it to musical festivals, bt a smaller hall also, which {s suited for lect- ures and chamber concerts, and numorous ante-rooms, committes-rooms, a magnificent rotanda, 112 by 75 foet, and immenso cor- ridors on eithor side of the building, where thousands of people can promenade com. fortably, Buch a bullding as this, 50 suporb. ly appointed in overy particular and so per- fectly adapted to the requisites of largo gath- orings, will bo likely to mako Cincinnati the locality of all importaut political, religious, sclentific, and soclal conventions, There s not a city in the country that can offer such an Inducement. If ils hotels were as well kopt as thoso of other largoe citles, it would he almost useless for any othor place to com- pote with her, This hall haa grown directly out of tha munificence of one man, Mr. SramNoes, who bas built his monument while lving, and has made himself happy by sceing thousands of other peoplo happy aud honoring him not only with the reverence due to age, but with n bearty gratitudo that made jtsulf felt in evory possible way during the wuek. One of the most gratifying eights in the great Lall was to ses this old gentleman, who had given 160,000 towards its erection, $10,000 towards tho organ, snd 8500 in premiums to the ladies who carved its panels, walk in regularly to every one of the wevon concerts and, occupyiog the seat he had paid for, en- joy the musio and happiuesa of others. Shall wo ever have a Festival like this in Chloago? is a question frequently asked. 1t is not impossible on certain conditions, First, we must have a Semnaxa who will give us s commodious and handsome hall, instead of an nnderground basement, with accommodations not fit for Digger Indians, in which to hold a festival. There are many men in Chicago who are abundantly able to do for Chicago what Mr, Seamorx has done for Olucinmati, if they had the disposition. There never was a time when the locality for such a hall could be selected as well as now, when s0 many lots are vacaut, Second, baving the hall, wo want the chorus. There are plenty of singers here to form ope, but they would have to consent to sacrifice their individuality, to subject themselves almost to wilitary disol. pline, and to rehearse fora year instead of » week or- two. 'Third, we must have tho leader. With these conditions satisfled, there is no reason why Ohicago in the course of & fow years should uot reach the position of Qincinnat), or at least approzimate it. As it iy now, we have no place for a festival,~no opera-house, no music-hall even. We ought to be msaking a start. There should be a festival every yoar-in the West, one year in Ulncinnatl, the nexi in Chicago, sud the next in B, Louls, thus giving each city a featival once in three yeary, a3 is done in Esgland and Gumany, making them pational affairs, and calling to thom the- bost talent of the conntry, The Memphis Avatanche hns nover had mnch falth In EADS® jettics, except s a acheme to e. plete the Treasitry. A few days ago it con- talned the follawing remarks fn regard 1o 4 steamer sticking fast {n tho jettics for wang of water: Agaln the steamship Agia Sofin ha temetity 10 go agronnd 1h the. Jettien, "’\‘3.!5'.7 agrotind before, she drow twonty feet oft, his time her anu’m 1o ok glvem, 18 e donhtleey less. Sevcral monthe ago Cant Eans reeoived , 000, on convincing the Government that hy ad secared a channel twenty-two feet e and 4U0 feel wide, ~On the 10th CApt. Browx, Unjteq States Engineor in chiarge at ihe jeul? marle the ollowing offcial report, prinied 1n the N Jeanh Tumes of the 3out© ey Mayo. at averszs fond-t e, there was A praaies channel between the uunlnrul estles and o SRt near Thelr bea and 433 feet dbi Pty Chanbel was 710 feet wide.. At hi Kh the dsy tho Uepths wers threa-teuths greater, oW walnr seven-tenths icss than at aversge fl o 101 34 fet dcop. 250 1 width, TOTRNE b6 Obiained 1y o TiRimediats reimaval of 800 Cublg TATGS Of the huttobh? Provided tirat no deposition of sedtinent aliould b nggy Simultancounly, Duton the 12th—two days later—both the Ay Bofia_any Commander were, aground on tho il bar, notwlthstanding that *! practical channe] » o 23,2 feet. If elther vessol draw aven 21 feo, yon telegram from JPort Eada would have ldfl Il)e facy conepicaons, Capt. EAns ianow mov: T inton. for third svpropristion of $300. 00 oy du for secnring & clear 24-100t channel. e i} et it, even should & vessel drawing only 20 fees ground every dag, e ———— The foundation of the county bullding, knowy aa tho “IIAnya contract ** and *cxiras,”” hag cost the taxpayers $172,000. The pile of atoug acainet the rear wall of the county bullding jn. tended to be a part of the proposcd dome hes cost $72,000. Compare this with the cost of g munl\e foundations of the City-Hall, Including three fect ol concrete undor tho walls, whicl cost only 857,000, and then taxpayers will gh. taln soma {dea of tho difterence between tho last Common Counzil and the last Board of County Commissioners. Look again at tho fizures: Foundations of county batlding, Founaations of eity butlding.. Difforence between the jobs .. County founaatfons under mluvlsh mnc nane agement cost thres times as much b3 elty founds. tlous under honest Council mauagement. The scgment of tha dome foundation is made to cost the taxpaycrs $72,000, or onethird more than tha wholo foundation of the City-Halll Let tho reader compare them as ha passes through tho public squars, and draw conclusions. ——— The Clnclunatl Eagquirer, ono of the most ultra-Democratle papors in the United States, as sense enough to sco the impolicy, bad faith, and evil consequences of the Democrats in Con- gress to challengo Haxzs* title and reopen the Presidentinl qnesclnn. It says: Wa trast that itIs not tho deliborate design of th Democrats in Congreas o reopen the Presidontial question, Thers can be no oxpectation of uneeat. inz Preeident HaTr, The Presidentinl question Las been once~and Hnally—teied beforo a tribanal which Democrata created, Thero 18 no hope of ree yeraing the decislon nl that tribunal, 'To changs 1t woutd not only 42, ' oohind the roturms,” Lot dehind ths iaw of The fand, The task foand ini- povalble before ‘I donbly dificult now. Aw it fs mot fntelligently expected that Presidont Hares §hu bo nuscated, dtie oniy iotivs for the ntrainc- tion of the' PurTen resolution must be the design 10 wake political capltal, Even for this purpose Wa canuot but think the paiicy o mistaken ons. ————— Bome of the **machlve-men * {n this city and Btate who are holding Federal office are hugely delighted at the Denocratic conspiracy to oust HIAvxs from the Prestdential oftice. The bratn- lesa knaves have not senso evourh to sco that they will be ousted within forty-elzht hours after he fs cjected from the White-House. ——————— How many implacable ofliccholders will be kept in ofter HAYES Is put outi They dun’l appear to have zlmu!,hf- of that. PEHSONA LS. Kwoh Sang Tao, the Chiness Ambnssador to Lngland and Franco, has written a book of travels, which Lins been suppressed by lius Guvern. ment as giving too Nattering a picture of civiliza. tion outsde of the Flowery Kingdom, Bishop Gregg, of the Reformeit Episcopal Church, 1s holdig services in tho neighborhood of London, England, whotoupon the Anzlican Bishop bas solomnly warned the faithful within s Juria. diction that Blshup Geegg's American consecration counts for nothlng. A Portlaud lotter says that Benator Hamlin announced his intention of retiring at the end of hls present term, but thatany eagernces shown by the younger atatesmen of the Btate tn possces Tie seat might Infuonce bim to desiro to hold on to to it a little while longer, The personal popularity pf Dickens scems 1o have decreascd greatly, especially since the pub- licatlon of Forstar's blography. At the Gad's HIlL sal- Dickens' ** vacant chialr,* with some odus and euds from his study, sold for £200. They bave Just boen resold, and breugnt £30 only. The Philadelphin North American hos a roport from Washington that Judce Kolloy fecls very much burt by tho criticiams upon his action on tha Tari bill, and saya that hoe {s not a candi. ate for ro-election. Me will leave un ungratetul conatituency and ablde awhile ta Earope, The colored people aud othor Republicans in Tallahaszoo, Fis., ond vicinity held s mass. meetiug on the 4th fnat,, at the tostigstion of per- sons who sought to Induce them to drop tho party nawne and nominate s uilxed Jeglalativo ticket of Conacryative Demovcrats aud colored men, They refused to take such uction, and adopted a series of stralght-out Kepublican resolutions, declaring that they were proud of the name, and would use their best endeavors to unite sll the industrisl classos In fuvor of the Republican party, as the best friend of the laboring man, and to rally to its support all others wlo are dlncerely desirous of equal snd and exact justice Lo all men, Mrs. Myra Clark Galoes is ot present s pletaresque feature of Washington soclety, At 70, sha s & swmall, delicats woman, with bright, rostless, black eyes, cloar complexion, auburn bair, without a single thread of silver init. (She wears 8 wig.) Wears pale bluo and lavender bon- pots of a decided scoop-shape, bus otherwise dressen in good taste; says she can outwalk, talk. or laugh sny wowan in the United States, and ox- pecty to live Afty years lonzer, but disclais sny Iutention of levying upon the laud in the ovn. Hays waen sho geis her dues ahos will build a hotel for workiogwomen that will put Stewart's all i the shadu. Sho speaks In tender tunes of her *‘astnted husband, Gen. Galues," demised forty years ago, and belleves sbo is carrying uat his wishes in giving the greedy lawyers picuty to do. One day early in the . War a loyulist went with much mystery to Mr, Lincoln, to wiom be deslted to communicaty loformation of great ime portance. He looked suspiciously at an elderly #nd grove gontloman who. waa seated with the Prosldent. **0, you needn’t mind hiw," said Mr, Lincoln, **beis my friend, snd 1 can trust him." The wan went ontosay thal helhad obe served a light dlsplayed on the tower of the Hmita- sonian Institution every night, at reguist {ntervals, & mysterious light, with mysterious wotions, like asignal light, *'Apd," he sdded In a sugge: whiaper, **ihey dosay that soms of them Profes- wors over thore are Boceeh, and wsybe they are commuuicating with the Kebels," The President, with a comleal smile, turned to his companlon and sald, **What have you to say lo thal, Profy Heury!" The Professor, who bad sat unessily during the 8rat pariof the interview, burat inio & bearty Jaugn. The tmystorious light was fotbe lautern of an observer, whose bualners it was (o 100K sfier the meteorological apparatus by night. DonnisMcCarthy, of Limerick, has recently establisbied hisclaim to an enormous fortune which arelative in Inala acquired. Relations, friends, well-wishors, sirangere, and bezgurs have opened correspondence with bim. He reccives frum 500 0600 letters o doy, snd employe & atenographer ana asecretary fo suswerthem. He is harassed with appeals In behslf of schuols, churches, bos- plisis, misslons, maylums, and benovolent outess priscs. The mishaps sudgricts, the fallurcsand needs, of man, womaa, and cblld are condded 18 him with tears, brayers, aod cowpliwents. A 18y who {s engeged 10 an Admiral tells bim (bat thera te 8 hitch 1n the scttloments, and that & losn of §10,000 will make two loviug hearts beatss one. Auatuer lady, who confesses that sho Ly, 1o- deed, a Countess, scads him her photogruph, sad threatens to comwit sulcide if bie falls to iuclose 3 coeck for $250 by the pext mall. Alack! pour Dennls bas a teader beari, and bls eympatbetic uatute {4 wronched s bundred times s day. Moral: Dlesscd srethey who bave uothlug, for they bave 8o begglag letters (0 snawer.