Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 19, 1878, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, .. MAY 19, 1878—SIXTEE N. PAGES Thye Tetbme, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. RY MAIL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. Daliy Edition, oe vear %12, Faris of 8 year. vef mi turdsy Edition: LI “Tri-Weckly, one year.... Tartaof & vear. per mon . WEEELY EDITION, POSTPAID. Qre copy, per yeat R ool . ‘Specimen copics sent Tree. Give Post-Oftice address 1o County.. . ‘ Temitiapces may be made elther by drafL. exprest. Post-Oftice order, orn regiatercd ictters. ot our sk, TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Talls, delivered. Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. a3 dettvered. Sunday included. 30 cents et week- Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, e er 3taduion snd Dearbora-sts.. Chlcago. il (rders for the deliveryof Tur TRIRUXE st Evansion, Fogiewood. and Hyde Park left I the Countiag-room wlireceive promyL attention. fa, tncluding Statesnd — TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. CricaGo TRIDTNE has establtshed brasch ofices !o’:(’:e recelptof subscrivtionsand advertiscments s Tlows: T TORK—Toom 20 Tribune Bullding. F.T. Me- DEX, Manager. TR, France—No. 16 Ruo de s Grange-Batellcre. 0. ManLrs, Agent. D SDON Eng.—American Exchange, 449 Strand. Wpsey F. GILLIS. A £AN FRANCL SOCIETY MEETINGS. CHICAGO COMMANDERY. No 19, K. ToStaced y 2 lum, Conclave Monday evening. IX 20, IN7R, At Asyl L or of lzandoiph and Hatsted-sts.. at = Sormer of AR Order, | Visiuing Sir Knights cousteously invited. By order of the £y 81 4 pqrxy, Ree. N REN AER GRAND LODGE OF PERFEC- R (R A e i fngnext. Work g i ETTIBONE, 1. PG 0L% 'ED. GOODALE, Gr. Sccretan PTER. NO. May 20, at 73 o'clock, for conferring the Councll De- Trees. Visitors cordially (n\'lmd“ By order of . P W. H. RELD, E. N. TUCKER, Sec. SATIONAL LODGE, NO. 506, A. F. & & ‘nlar Communicativn on Tuesday evenlni, Mav elock e A ganes ot P dome: i 30 BLACK, W. A APOLLO COMMANDERY. No. 1. K. T.—Spectal () T ning nexc at 7 o'clock. Stated R. A. M.—all ¢ d. Visitors always welcome. By order of Vet tmander. R BUNLOP, Itecorder. R. A. M.—Spe- RINTHIAN CHAPTER. NO. 69, dfi’l:}mvm:lun Moudsy evening, May 20. Tue P, M: Degree. Ly order Work on W. BARNARD. 1. P. SUNDAY, MAY 19, 1878 In New York on Saturdny greenbacks ranged ot 994@99} in gold and silver coin. — The Cincinnati Musical Festival was 3 fnancial success, the Treasurer reporting a profit of nearly $20,000. punkc i A heavy downfall of rain yesterdny inter- fored with the military procession snd the ceremonics attending the laying of the corner-stone of the new Armory of the First Regiment. Aj committee of the Bar Association of this city, having gravely and carefully con- sidered for soveral months the workings of the Bankrupt law, has at last arrived at the same conclusion long since expressed by THE Toipuse,—that it is o failure. The Committee to investigate the Florida Presidential election will be nominated to- morrow by the Speaker pro lempore of the House. No motion has as yet been msade to extend the field of the investigation, al- though Oregon and Louisiana are still wait- ing to give testimony against TILDEN: Therecent attempt against the life of the Emperor WiLaeLy has aroused in Germany slmost as great 8.Comimunistio sensation as wo bhave been having in this country. A messare authorizing the suppression of associations and newspapers intended to promote Socialistic objects has been pre- pared and will be speedily made operative. Tt-is proposed to invest the Federal Council with the authority to seize, confiscate, or imprison anything or any one who may con- spire ogeinst the Empire. This is an arbitrary, but an effective, way of dealing with persons of & revolutionary turn of mind. There was much enthusiasm among the Jingoes in the English Parliament yesterdny when notice was given of an amendment to Lord HarrrxgTox's resolution that no force should be raised or kept by the Crown in time of peace save within India without the sanction of Parliament. It isdifficult to see just what the Governmerit expect to gain by changing thoe tenor of the resolution, for the amendment really does alter it s0 much s to amount to asubstitute. The resolution would undoubtedly have been voted down, and the amendment will just as surely be odopted. The maneuvre can therefore only Do regarded as another exhibition of political pyrotechnics such as Lord BEAcONSFIELD delights in. Tho_head and front of the House cabal which meuaces the country. with revolation is no other than Spesker RaNDALL,—a ma- lignant and conscienceless partisan. He gave the conspirators their real opportunity Ly, & ruling that violated all precedents and oll principles of parliamentary law. Here- fused to entertain a motion to lay on the table, which is always in order, and thereby gave notice to the Republican side of the House that they would not bo allowed even time: enough to secure the co-opera- tion of a cerfain number of conserva- tive Democrats who are opposed to the vil- lginy in hand, and who would probably have banded together to defeat the one-sided reso- lution if they had been given an opportunity 1o satisfy themselves thoroughly of the ma- lignant purpose of the revolutionists. It was owing mairly to this unprecedented and tnexpected partisan ruling of Raxpary's thst the Republicans abandoned the contest. I’grhxps it is just as well. The Democrats have assumed the responsibility of a partial and partisan investigation with a view to reyolutionizing the Government. Now let U:mm meet that issue in tho next Congres- sional élections. Gomp{nints come from Paris that nearly :Ij;‘.\}e time nf'Jl Afr. MéComack,, Chief. Com- sioner ot the Paris Exposition, is' taken up in extending hospitalitibs to Commission- ers from U.\_e United States.. They have come down on him in shoals, special and bonorary, wiitil he hos becowe thoroughly disgusted with the Whole biistiéss. Thé ' matter has assumed the proportions of a public scandal. The French Government bey réfused : recog- nition {0 the 147 Commistionéss as a part 5[ the diplomatic service; and - wa may- next expect to hedr that somo, of ‘the honorary Commissioners are regarded ‘es anything bat honorable to-the. country. which Lias ace credited them; Thé majority?of these 147 Lhonorary Commissioners have’gone sbroad as snr.h because they thought the pos- session of credentials would give them a little more distinction at a little less expense. . flmn if they went as private citizens. They have, in short, embarked in the enterprise as deadheads,” and the TUnited States is thus chaoracteristically ropresented by 2 class of its most pushing, but least sorupulous, citizens. Wo are sorry, o this account, to see in the list of honorary Commissioners somo men of high character ‘and reputation like Mr. PAnEE GopwiN, who has just sailed, and who will probably find his certificate a source of mortification rather than otherwise. The expericnce in this case ought at least to be valuable -for future reference. There ougbt never again to bo an honorary Com- missioner from the United States to s World's Fair. The proposition by Mr. Turey to regulate the payment of city serip -is emmnently just and proper in itself, and equally advantage- ous to the city and the public. It is (1) that scrip issued in payment of teachers, police- men, firemen, and other persons employed by the city, shall be pmd out of the revenue of the respective funds upon whioch they are drawn before any payments out of such funds for any other purpose; (2) that money collected for fines, licenses, snd all other sources, shall be credited to the School, Fire, and Police Funds pro rata, and ghall be used, 5o far as possible, in payment of wages, s0 as to distribate a portion of cash as well as scrip among the city employes ; (3) that scrip shall be issued, except when otherwiso requested, in warrants for $1, &2, $10, and §90. This regulation will prevent favorit- ism among holders of the scrip. The cer- tificates for January wages shall be paid before that for later months, and that issued longest shall be paid first. It will also require, whenever the state of the Treasury shall permit it, the payment of a portion of each month’s wages in cash. The issue of small warrants will be a great convenience. They can be largely used for small pur- chases, and for small indebtedness, ot par, where large warrants can only be disposed of at a heavy shave. Itistobo hoped the Finance Committeo will approve these regu- lations, and that the Council will adopt them. The general proceedings of the City Couu- cil at the meoting on Friday night were of 8 character that affords some encourngement to the friends of honest, prudent, and economical government. The unanimous election of M. F. Turey ns Presidont of the Board is an indication that the fotion which proposed wild schemes of expenditure have deferred their purpose, and that & con- servative sentiment will govern the Council in denling with public affairs. T'wo series of rosolutions were referred to appropriate committees on Friday evening, and in due time should be acted upon favorably. One of these was proposed by Mr. CULLERTON, directing the City Attorney to xeport at the next meeting whether the Council had au- thority under the charter to license those engaged in running tug-boats, the keepers of ordinaries,, pool-rooms, lumber-yards, and livery-stables, and carters, distillers, ‘brewers, money-changers and brokers, ete.; and also directing that there be a legal defini- tion givento ordinaries, carters, money-chang- ers and brokers, ete. The City Charter au- thorizes expressly the exaction of a license-fee from all these occupations, but the power has never been oxcrcised. Even ata moderate rate of license the addition to the revenue from these sources would be considerable, and would have the additional value of beilig collectable within the year, and therefore available as cash to meet current expendi- tures. THE LEGAL STATUS OF CITY SCRIP. At the mesting of the Council on Fridsy night Mr. TorEY offered a resolution directing the Law Department of the city to use all propor means to have the case of Furirz against the city, involving the validity of the outstanding certificates of the city for the years 1675, 1877, and 1878, heard by the Supreme Court at the June term, to be held at Mount Vernon. To understand the im- portance of this rezolation, it should be remembered that, on the hearing of these cases, one before the Appellate Court and one before the Circuit Judges of this county, the decisions were in favor of the city. From these decisions appeals were taken, which, ordinarily, would be heard at Ottawa in September next, but which, by consent of parties, may be heard at Mount Vernon in June. There being some unwillingness on the part of the city to have the cases heard at the shorter date, this resolution was intended to secure that action. The questions at stake are of such a char- acter as to warrant the earliest possible de- fermination. The certificates of 1875 were drawn generally on the Treasury, and not apainst any specific appropriations, and they bear interest and are payable out of back taxes when collected. The only question concerning them (and they do not amount to a very great sum) is, Can the city lawfully pay them out of the revenue of former years as it is collected? The Appellate Court de- clared that it would not be inequitable for the city to pay them out of the taxes against which they were drawn, aud therefore re- fused to enjoin their payment. The certificates of 1877 were drawn against specific appropriations, and poyable out of the proceeds of the tax levied for such ap- propriations; they bear interest. The Ap- pellate Court held that, being drawn against specific appropriations and payabls out of the fund collected for that purpose, and be- ing accepted by the holder ns payment and ot as evidence of debt, and without recourse against the city, they were within the raling of the Supreme Court in the case of the City of Springfield, and the case of Law against the city. The cortificates of 1878 are drawn against specific appropriations, payable out of the proceeds of taxes levied to meat those appropriations, and bear no interest. Now; if the Supreme Court affirm the judgment of tho Appellate Court in the case of the certificates of 1877, it will be lawful to issue scrip for 1876 bearing interest. Before a decision con be reached in that case, most, if not all, of the scrip of 1877 will be taken up 1n payment of taxes. To avoid the consequences of an adverse decision, holders of the scrip of 1877 have the opportunity to get xid of.it now: by.paying their taxes with it, and this reducing the amount in circula- tion ‘and “the aimiount tobe affécted by ‘the decision. “As a matter of prudence, thire t to be one dollar of the interest- Berip of 1877 left outstanding any longer than may Be necessary- to pay it into the Collector’s ofiice. Whatevér confidence may-be felt in maintpining the validity of the scrip of 1878, thereds-an unwholesome Uneertainty as rgirds the allowance_ of ih- tereét: . If, however,. the Supreme Court shall affirm the judgment of the' Appellate n .of 1878, which can be made to bear intérest, like that of 1877 There seems tobe a general and strongly-fortified belief umt the validity of the scrip of 1878 will be maintained by the Supreme Court, but, unless the poyment of interest on the paper of 1877 bo sanctioned, then the scrip of 1878 will not’ be available ns an.investment until Decom- ber next, and it will in all probability be sold at a discount whera landlords and wholesalo dealers refust to receivo it at par. The importance of having & decision at an early day is therefore obvious. If the Court shell hold that the scrip of 1877 is illegal, for the reason that it benrs interest, there will be little or mno injury sus- tained by holders, because gll that scrip can be disposed of in payment of interest before the 1st of July, and there will be, or ought to be, none of that issue outstanding at that date to be affected by the decision. But if the Court shall hold, as the Appellato Court held, that, as the city is discharged from all linbility on account of the paper, and the holder must look alone to iherev- enue when collected, it mskes no differsnce whether the paper bears interest or not, nothing being added to the linbility of the city, then under such an interpretation the scrip of 1878 will be made to bear interest, and will at omce have a par value, to the great rclief of the pérsons to whom it is issued. In either event, the legal status of the sorip will be determined, and the future means and resources of the City Government will be so fixed and es- tablished by law that there can be no doubt as to farther action. The sooner, therofore, the cases can bo argued (and, asihisis a gen- ornl review of the whole subject of municipal taxation and government, the argument should be presented by the ablest men of the profession), the betterit will be for all parties concerned. Let there bo n full discussion of all branches of the question, end a fall aod final declarotion of what City Govern- ments may do, and what they ghall not do. ] et THE CHURCH AND CIVILIZATION, The full text of the Pope's Encyclical has been received by mail. It is more em- phatic then the telegraphic abstract repre- sented in reafirming the claim to polit- ical power. But it is the justification of this claim rather than tho claim itself which islikely to attract sttention and remark Pope LEo hans taken broad grounds. Re- jecting as weak and insufficient the argnment for the Church's right of inheritance, he as- serts that sho is * the nurse, mother, and patroness of civilization ”; that as she has de- clined civilization has declined ; and that “the public well-being and the safety of human society ” is involved ‘ in the sovereign tom- porslity of the Holy See.” This throws the discussion back to the origin of civilization, and the,, Church’s relation to scientifio progress. There ought to ba no serious confliet be- tweon Religion and Science, for, rightly un- derstood, each is supreme in its own do- moin, Religjon denls with moral standards of right and wrong, with responsibility for con- duct, and what ought to be. Science is & department of knowledge understood in its facts and laws, and it deals, not with. what ought to be, but with what is. What ought to be can, inmany instances, be ascertained from what is. Hence Science is often the fore- runnper and always the ally of true Religion. Putting sside the question of rovelation, there is no human agency so influential in propagating a sound morality as Science. It brings man into natural methods of living, enables him to comprehend the infinite greatness of God, and conveys to him the warnings and promises of Nature against vice and on behalf of virtue. In spite of the manifold benefits derived from Science the Church has been distrust- ful of it. The source of this distrust has been twofold. The Church has discovered that much of that which passes for Science is spurious. False prophets have arisen in the name of Science, as they have arisen in the name of tho Church. MMen have pre- tended to do what they conld not do, and to see what they have not seen, in one depart- ment of investigation as in the other. Be- sides, there has been an abundance of hon- st error among scientific men, as there has been of honest error among religious men ; and, though error can never be science any more than it can be religion, the detection of 1t has cast discredit upon traths and prin- ciples. Again: Scientific men Lave done much to promote this hostility of religion by stepping out of their legitimate line of duty to indulge in speculations, predictions, or promises affecting tho spiritual condition of men. When Mr. TyNparn *ex- tended his vision indefinitely,” and saw in matter “the promise aud potency of every form of life,” he abandoned his function -of a teacher of Science, and became, for the time, a preacher of a new religion. It was no wonder that the religious world refused to enter his pantheon, or that it should have taken olarm at his heteredox doctrine, Bir. TrypaLL was teaching then like tho Scribes and Pharisees,—not like the humble and devout student of Science that he claimed to be. Another reason for the hostility exist- ing between the Church and Science is that the former is naturslly conservative, and the latter progressive. The Church condemned the Athenians for wanting to hear and to do some mnew thing; but, Science is constantly wanting to hear and do that which is new. The Church fears at- tacks on the foundations of its faith from Science. It has learned to associate such at- tacks withi scientific inquiry, or what passed for such. Science is, in some sense, allied with skepticism. It is possessed by the spirit of unrest. No earthly institutions are so grand, or venerable, or sacred, or so much intrenched in custom, or superstition, or wealth, that it fears to ask them the: ques- tion, Why? It thrusts its probes into every corner of history and the nature of things, and seeks to find how, when, where avery- thing was done. The Church has been com- pelled to yield to this process of investiga- tion, as human govérnments have. but with this difference : ‘The Church, having abasis in the human nffections deeper and more en- during than any institntion suggested by considerations of expediency, bas yielded more reluctantly and slowly to the march of events. But it has adapted itself, all the same, in the course of time. Thus it’ re- ceived all the important facts in astronomy, including the discovery by Garieo 'of the motion of the'éarth about the sun, which he was forced by tlia priests to renounce; and thatof thelaw of gravitation, which VorTAms +was forbidden by them to promulgates - The Church condemned in s similir mauner the first rude workings of the printing press, the chemical facts of atomic: ¢ombinations, and ‘the seientific history of tho formati globe, - which:though ‘it is writte) rocks, is denied. to this day by may ‘suthor- ities in the Churchb, Protestant as weil as Catholic. But the Church was.always found on, the side of -scientific tmath in!’the nd; and it haslearned thatSci¢ncehas nodangers in store for it, but yatheéx confifmation of its fundamental and permanent teachings. The Encyclical of the new Pope is disap- pointing, because it adopts as a sacred legacy this old warfare between the-Church and Science. It might be cxpected in this en- lightened nge that wo would have done with all that. Science being 8 gearch after truth, it ought to be declored 8B effective part of the Church’s policy- What can the Church Lave to fenr from Science? ‘What cau it have to fear from trath? If it hos nothing.to fenr from one, 1t can have noth- ing to fear from tho other. But wo find Popo Lo proclaiming the old hostility, and carrying it to an extreme. He ssserts not only that all civilization is due to the Church, and none to Science, but:that the degree of civilization has been less sinco Science has goined pre-eminence! The following pas- sago from the Encyclical is 8 remarkable ut- terance to come from a Ninoteenth-Century Pope: And now, if a man of COMMON £eDsC COMPATES thic age fn \which we hye—an age soinimical to religion and the Church of. JESUS Cumist—with those happy timesin which the Church was hon- ored s o mother, he will be futly convinced that this present period, full of Froubles and of ruin, rushes directly and rapidiy to ite destruction, and that those former centuries have been the morc flourishing in the excellenco of .their institntions, the tranquillity of life, in richness and prosperily, as the people showed themselves more submissive 10 the ‘Government of the Church snd wore 0b- servant of its laws, It is not necessary to dwell npon the argu- ment for the comparative enlightenment and prosperity of this generation. The history of the Church is full of instances to show that it has gained in the universal progress as all the institations sround it have. The departure has been taken from an age of in- dolence, 1gnorance, and superstition among the masses, to ome in which knowledge is widely diffused and power mora generally estended to them than ever before. The Church has held its own in the race because it has adapted itself to circumstances. I it had refused to nccept. facts when they were established, it could not have hoped to inclnde in its ronks men of discernment andintelligence. The prin- ciple of discussion, once introduced in its government, would have destroyed it asit has destroyed earthly governments. Its following would then have been reduced to ignorant and superstitious people. That it Las not been so reduced isdus to the fact that the educated laity of the Church have fallen in with and assisted truo progress; and, 68 the surrender of the temporal power will finally bo accepted, it has accepted every good human dispensation. For this the worldis indebted to the large body of wise men contained in the Church, of whom many will be found to accept the present Encyclical with modifications. These may be trusted to take a position with reference to Civilization and Scienco more in accord with the times than that of Pope LEo. —————— THE PARIS EXHIBITION AND THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. History does mot warrant faith in tho theory, formerly advanced, that great inter- national exhibitions. exercise a repressive i fluence on the warlike tendencies of nations; the Crimeanwar and the Franco-German war followed olosely in the wake of theso grand shows, expressly designed at the time to pro- mote greater harmony among the Powers. Yet it is evident that the Paris Exhibition of this year hasa political as well as o com- mercial sigoificance. It may provide no assurance sgainst international complications in the futare, nor even moderate the passions of greed, onvy, selfishness, and vanity that constitute as & rule the real casus belli. 1Its political significance consists 10 symbolizing the marked progress that has been made in France in the direction of real and constitu- tional Republicanism, and the spontaneous and hearty acknoswledgment which this prog- ress has received from the other nations of the world, including cven those which were suspected of & disposition to resont the sac- cessful establishment of a Republic as ono of the great Powers of Europe. Thera is no lopger any question but that the present Paris Exhibition, in spito of the disturbed relations of Europe growing out the Turko-Russien war, and in spite of the opposition it has encountored from certain classes at home, is a confirmed and brilliant success. All accounts agree that every depart- ment is further advanced now than was the case a month after the opening of the Napo- lconic Exhibition of 1867, and that the pres- nt year’s show is vastly superior in every re- spect to any that has preceded it. Al this has been accomplished entirely under the auspices of the Republic, and in defiance of the declared hostility of the Bonapartists, the Bourbons, and the Ultramontanes. The Napoleonic party rogard these international exhibitions as a sort of prerogative of the Empire. 1t 36 cortain that tho **dynasty " would have celebrated a return to power Dby just such a show, and it would have been with the pretonse that the Ewmpiro alone could command the co-operation of the whole French people and the admiration and assistance of the whole world necessary to so colossal and magnificent a success. Henco the Bonapatists have antagonized tho Exhibition as projected by the Republic. The correspondent of the London Times is authority for the statement that they have ridiculed it, denounced it, and sncered at the very thought of sach an enterprise under Republican nuspices. The Royalists, who are the Tories of France, have been equally resentful, though from a somewhat different motive. It was not so much that the Re- public should give & successful Exhibition, but that there should be a Republic at all, which has prompted the Royalists to refuse the enterprise their recognition. They, as well as the Bonapartists, have persistently declined + to aid’ it. They remained away from the apening ceremonics, and have vainly hoped to damage it by an- nouncmng that the ** old families of the Fau- bourg " will retire into the country for the summer, with the serene impression - that strangers would not visit the city unless the ¢ 0ld families” were there. As a wmatter of fact, strangers do not care a fig for the ¢ old familics.” The Royal families of other na- tions ignored the absurd pretensions of these ridiculous old aristocrats, and gave the open- ing the benefit of emiuent representation from the various Courts. The people of Paris put on their old-time gayety, and entered iuto the affair with the same sponta- neous and contagious merriment that they always developed in similar cases under the FEmpire. The openiug ceremonies were ‘dig- pified but ‘unostentatious,—tlioroughly pop- ular aud Republican in character,—and there is no reason for gurprise that:tho Minister of Comnmierce, in his ‘gddress, referred to the offair as testifying the faitli’of the people “in the stability.and fertility'of the institu- tions which the country. had adopted.” . The “peculiar circumstances - sitending the siccdds of the Exhibition, 08 we have de. seribed them, not ‘only symbolize prog- ress that Republicanism bas made within seven years in ‘o country which ever befora had.;regarded the term synonymous. with terrorism, but the same conditions will en- ablé Republican institations to tighten their hold upon the confidence and affection of the French people. The Bonapartists have shown o petty spite, the Royalists an utter molignity, end the Ultramontanists a ; tions- priestly prejudice, that will tench the French poople the unfitness of these classes for the high gims of ~Gov- ernment. These - factions wust DOW admit the strength of the TRepublican iden, 1f they ever desire’to figure in the poli- ties of Franco with influence. Lcyal&y to the Republio will be the first test for popu- lar sympnthy or support. The republican form of govornment no longer means that {be Communists or sans-culotles can run riot; it has become jdentified with law, or- der, prosperity, snd biilliant attainments. ‘Nor does it mean, as MacManoy attempted in vain to demonstrate, that these peaceful and progressive results have been achieved by the old aristocratic and clerical influences in spito of a republican form of government. His submission to_ the decree of the people ‘wns the hardest blow over dealt ot the mon- archical traditions of Fronce, whether they yun in the line of the Bonapartists or the Bourbons. The sulking of the aristocrats ig now simply ridiculous where it was for- merly ominous, and self-government secms at last to have been realized by the French people. CRIMES OF VIOLENCE IN CHICAGO. The statement that there aro now thirteen prisoners in the County Jofl awaiting their tridls on the charge of murderis one that ought to arrest public attention. All these murders have been committed within the past fow months, and lave followed trials for other murders which resulted either in acquittal, or in a verdict for a brief term in the Penitentiary about equal to the punish- ment of s larceny involving the value of a few dollars. The relntion of cause and effect ‘may bo readily traced between these two cir- ' cumstances. The crimes of violence have increased in this commaunity by reason of the inefliient punishmeént of the guilty. The technicalities of the Inw have been twisted into such shape that it requires only suffi- cient money, and the legal shrewdness which money can employ, to secura indefinite de- lay and comparative immunity in the clearest cases of murder. Some sort of moudlin scntimentality seems to bave settled down on Judges and juries which deters them from applying promptly tho full penalty of the law for the deliberate or passionate attack on the sinc- tity of human life. Public officials, for the most part, appear to concern themselves more about the welfare of the criminals than that of the community. An instance of this was shown in the effrontery of the counsel for Smerny and CoNNELLY, when they ap- plied tothe County Board fora donation of suf- ficient taxes to enable these murderers to take their case to the Supreme Court, after their guilt had been proved beyond any doubt, on a fair and full trisl. No such application would ever have been made’ in & community where the moral sense of responsibility for crime had not boen stunted. Thia was sub- sequently shown by the fact that some of the County Commissioners actuslly voted in favor of using the public money in this way. The greatest length of reckless and irrespon- sible local government would be reached when the taxpayers should be forced to con- tribute money to enable villains to escape after they had been convicted of the highest crime ; and Chioago narrowly avoided this disgraceful extremity. 1t is very palpable that the laxity in the punishment of o particular phase of crime leads to an incrense thereof. Notwithstand- ing the hard times and the greater tempta- tion to steal, wo do not know that burglary, highway-robbery, and snesk-thieving have increased out of proportion with the growth of the city. Though theso crimes ara usually more difficult to prove than crimes of vio- lence, and are often committed under cir- cumstances calculated to excite sympathy, they are more uniformly and rigorously punished than assaults on human life. The vicious classes have not failed to note the comparative indulgence granted to murder and homicide; it has encournged them to give their passions vent; it has led to the habitunl icarrying of weapons, which are used upon the slightest provoca- tion. Hence the frequency of murderous assaults, There is not one of the murder cases now awaiting triel, we “believe, which can be properly charged to the miseries or despair of hufd times. They are all the out- growth of passion, which experience in the Courts has taught will be regarded with pe- culiar leniency. SzErrY and CoNNELLY Went out on a debauch with the declaration of killing somebody. Now that they have raised monoy enough to carry their caso to the Supreme Court, 8 supersedens and new trial are confidently expected. The Italian who shot dead a young and defenseless boy while the latter was pursuing him for theft had a few hundred dollars in bis belt, aud no doubt looks upon hanging asamyth. ‘Che Bohemian who exhibited Lis bad passions by shooting his victim five times is now good enough to say he is sorry for it, and no doubt ex- pects commiseration and mercy on that account. Nearly all the other cases are of a nature that would be followed with swift and condign punishment in a well-governed community, bat there is not one that may not hope for some avenue of total or partial escape through a theory of self-defense, or the interference of the Supreme Court. What is nceded in this community more than anything alse just now is somo hang- ing. e Editor of The Tribune. Crrcano, May 18.—Will yon oblige numerous readers by stati through your widely-circulated puger whether it ve o fact that American tourists n Europe are constantly beset with im ute 4. %0 us to indicate that in Europe bezging 15 reduced to a science? INquine: Where mendicaney is generally practiced, as in Southern ltaly, it may be said to be * reduced to a science,” if importunity, fnvocation, and exhibition of sh ng sores, infaut emaciation, fearful deformitics, and professtonal misery and wretcheduess,—all in a business way,—inay be called a “science.” In Great Britain and Treland not enoush beggary is encounteted to seriously aunoy tourists. In Ireland mendicants are mostly scen about the Lakes of Killarney, the Giants' Causeway, and other famous places visited by tourists; but thev are mostly little bare-headed and barefooted boys -and girls, who are satisfied with a penny. In . Belfast aud Dublin begzars are no Inore nUMLrous. or annoying than in Chicago or Washington: ‘They are watched pretty closaly by the police in En- gland, France, and Germany, aud only beg in those countri¢cs on the sly. One sees more medicauts in New York than in Londot, Paris, Berlin, or Vieuna. Ttaly was formerly the pura- dise of beggars. At Rome and Naples they swarmed by thousands, and were a perfect pest, bésctting the tourists.at every turn, dogging their footsteps, running beside their carriages, {mportusing them in whining supplica- at . church-doors’ and art-galleries, and disgusting them always with the loathsome sores and shockiug deformities. . But sidce the unification of Italy mendicavcy has greatlydis- uppeared. In Rome there is not a tenth part as much asthere wasten years ago, but there is yet more than is agreeable. Most of the towns of Southern Italy are still beset with begears of ull degrees—Naples, of course, worst of all. During Bourbon rule, the lazzaroni numbered 50,000, They still count by thousands, and fol- low tourists about wherever they go. The citfes of Northern Italy are quite free of medi- To cants. But begeary is disappearing from Ttaly in proportion as education advances and the mmc.rlal condition of the people improves. —e———— Mr. TILDEN-is blamed for not marrying the.. Widow OLIVER and thussecuring the CAMERON dynasty’s support.. Mr. TILDEN is too wise to marry. Wno knows how many ddughters and sisters of influential menhe has on a string,— orona wire, 35 we might say,—cach onc of whom is convinced that shewill be the next Indy of the White House, and is ehgaged in laying plpefor the next: Democratic National Couvention, and {n putting her plump white shoulders to the lox ! ————— - . Oue of the New York Tribune's proof-readers has demanded o retraction from the Times, which made some fun of the displays of intelli- gence by the Intelbgent Compositors of the Tribune. Ou the very morning that his indig- nant protest appearcd in the Zimes, there was a ‘paragraph in the Tribune speaking of policemen +who had been tried for * breeches ” of discipline, the only, case spectfied bejng the illegal arrest of Mrs. Tox-Ri-Jox for wearing vants in public. ——e——— That Brazilian subsidy scheme of Mr. Jouy Roaci is rather a nice and -modest one. Con- gress was asked to pay $150,000 a year for ten years to have performed the monthly mail service between New York and Rio Jacefro which is now doueby aun existing Company for something less than $12,000 u vear. Even con” sidering the frosty spell we have just enjoyed, this Is too cool. —————— Says our New York namesal The gifted BiLL SeriNcER, of Iliinoie. who clnims to be father of the PoTTER resolution, or at Jeast of its spirit, suid, when the Electoral Frivu- nal was under considerntion, that the decision of that tribunal, when concurred in by both tHouses, would be i), **because no political party can uffurd to go before the country after rejecting the finding of this tribunal.” — SrmNces will discover atthe closeof the fall clections that, in addition to his other great qualities, he is **no slouch ™ of o prophet. —————— «The bearer Is a deserving legal friend of ours, and ny leeitimate putronage of 3 professional kind.you can bestow on him will not be amiss.” ‘This 15 how JouN KELLY writes to the Surro- gate of New York, aud when the Surrogate gets his lester he casts his eye over the list of wills offered for probateand says, * Here; this widow and ber family will stand robbiog.” ———— — The Cincingulrer trusts that the Democrats do not intend to reopen the Presidential ques- tion. Our sorrow at this manifestation of cold, ness on the part of Mr. I[ENDRICKS—or is it Mr. TuursaN?—not cven the reflection that strawberry short-cake is down to 5 cents 2 huak can pssuage. ———————— All legal advertiscments in New York will— unless the bill is vetoed by the Governor—have Tiereafter to be published in ove of Jouy Ker- LY’s two newspapers, as well as iu the lawyers’ paper, the Kegister. As the St. Louis platform 0 beautifully and forcibly put it, *‘Reform is necessary.” 7 The Paris Gas Company was going to pay 25 per cent dividend last year, but President Mac- Mamox said to the Directors, ‘Messieurs, nous ne wantons pas de revolutiong in this Exposi- tiong year, you savez?” and the Directors avoid- ed popular tumult by only payving 2434 per cent. ——————— 1f any one'doesn’t believe that the New York Tribune isu’t the greatest paper In the umverse, let him read the Cleveland Heraid; and, it he doesn’t think that the Cleveland Herald is 2. good judge of such things, let him ask the New York Tribune. Gov. BLUE Jeaxs Wws, of I[njlanny, is pardoning out the murderers and equlvping the Communists s militia, and in divers other ways preparing to move on the next National Con- vention in force. e t———— When Citizen DANA has abolished the navy and reduced the army to teo-thousandths of one man, and the Rebels—as he predicts they will—get loose, bow sball they be put down? e The refusal of RANDALL & Co. to permit an investigation into Democratic election frauds will deprive their partisan and ex-parte frand- hunt of all value to thewn. sl ol PRV A Bangor Alderman moved to “diznify the Aldermanic chamber with @ carpet”; but his colleagues did not dignify his resolution with a majority. ———— 1f it isn’t the Count JoANNES, it is the Electoral Count. Al Counts are a weariness of the flesh. ————— wProf. Cope, the geologist, writes that he has discoverea in Texas specimeus of a vetebrate hitherto unknown.” Congressman MiLes, ch? - PERSONALS. Mr. A. M. Gibson, the Sun’s Washington correspondent, s the concocter of the evidonco in the **Florida Fraud " case. = The Sophomores of Bates College, Maine, have for some unexplained reason or otlier, burned Congressman Frye in efigy. The Grand-Duke MMichael of Russia will soon be the father-in-law of the Grana Duke of Mecklenberg-Schwerin. Ansstasia is willing. Though Mr. Ivory Nate, of Berwick, Me., is dead, the Rev. Mr. Dong Wong. of Washington Territory, i8 still left to this aflicted country. Alr. Henry Roe, of Dublin, lus restored Christ Church Cathedral and built a synod-house besideit at & total cost of $1,250,000, all borne by himself. TPhe Guild of the Holy Rood is the latest new religions confraternity intue Anglican Church., The members wear a cruciform badze, communi- cate every Sunday and holiday, and always take the Communion fasting. Another London club, the Russell, of Re- gent strees, has, following the example of the ‘Albemarle, opencd its doors to ladies. Its fur- nishing is something exqulsite, and,astwo Bishops and several other clergymen are on the Comuittee, it is to be quite seloct, and all that sort of thing. Ars. Swischelm snys she wants no man to fall in love with her, for fear that hie might shoot her. We shonld dislike to have a good map sac- rificed, bat it wonld do the country guod. Per- haps S. J. Tilden wmight be sparcd for the purpose; he nas mever done any good thing yet.—Jersey city Journal. i “Too much mother-in-law,” said, laconic- ally, Peter Peyton, s mewly-married Young New Yorker, as he stepped Thto a police station and asked the Sargeoa to sew up his bead. e had scolded his wife for not having his tea ready, and lLier mother was in the room, and there was s din- ner-plate on the table, ond then— Skobeleff hos not been restored to impe- rial favor, despite the reports to that’eflect. “Where all the otber Generals commanding corps received appointments, he only got a sword, and the Court and sapgrior oflicers look coldly on the soldiers idol. 2’2r contra, Skobeleff hus gone into politics, and published a pamphict (anonymous) bitterly criticising Iznatiell. Browning went to call on the Chinese Minster to England, and found out that his Celes- tal Excellency was a0 a man and & poet, being the author of two volumes. Being asked wbat kind of poetry he wrote, the ipterpreter replied that it was defined as’ poetry of the enizmatic school. -*Then," said Browning, ** there ouzht to be the deepest sympathy between us, for that is just the criticiem brought against my own works.™ Mr. Browning is the author, among other poems, of -*Sardello,” the work whereof an attentive reader had only one doubt to_be solved to fender his cnjoyment pecfect—was Sardelio & man ora castle? -Mr. Pentecost, the evangelist, knocks on the head that pretty story ‘abont a wealthy Chris- tian woman of Middletown, Conn., having given hima savings-bank book with a handsome sam on the credit side to.his name.” 3ra. Rogers did give hima savings-bank book, but the amoutt it called for wasonly €5, and, as the bank bas barst. he hasn'tgotityet. ‘‘Nevertheless," says the evan- gelist, sadly, **letters are pouring in upon me coneratalating me upon my zood fortunc. Friends meet me upon the streets and with faces beaming with delight express their gratitude to God that now Goapel-meetings can be carricd on without any further expense to the churches.” BANKRUPTCY LA, Report of the Committeg of the Bar Association, . They Are in Favor of the Repeal of the Law. Objections to the Fees and ty Wasting of the Assets, Register Hibbard Esplains Sama- of the Points Made Against Him, Discussion of tie Subject by Members of the Association. It; Consideration Postponed for a Congla of Weels, The Bar Association hch} an adjoarned mag. ing yesterday afterooon, Viee-President Williay S. King in the chair. There was a goodly g, tendance of legal talent. L Mr. Goudy attempted to put the gazlayy full force and operation by moving tl’;at there port which it was expected would be presented in relation to the Buankruptcy law be receiyey with closed doors. o Judge Miller asked if anybody was afrsj 2 1y afrai being burt. [Laughter.] He could md:; earthly use in conductivg proceediogs on such an important topie in secret. The Association thonght so too, Mr. Gogy i} I = Houlp's motion being lost by a larze majority. TIHE REPORT. Col. John S. Cooper, Chairman of the Cop. mittee on Inauiry, took tae floor, armed withy report which would fill about three columus of this paper, priuted in the smallest ty P® round the office. The first sixty pawes, together with about half a dozen inserts containing elaborste tables and more claborate figure-yors, were devoted o the costs of administering bankrupt cstates. There were Register's fess, Marshayy fees, Assignee’s fees, Court expenses, ete., ete,, all going to show how expensive a thing itis to ‘the average creditor to put a man In bankrapiey, or allow him to put himself there, and how m.'; proceeds of the average estate are wellnlsy eaten up to the advantaze of the various officers who &it upon the carcass. The investim. tion was very thorough and er baustive, and the showing presentsd acainst certain Assicmees, and particalaly awainst Register Hibbard, culculated to imozs people with their ability to *charge™ for ther work. For people who desire to hear the con- clusion of the whole matter, THE CLOSING PORTION of the Committee’s report, containing fts §- gested views ou the subject, is presentedin full:, In makinz the examination, many facts bavs come to the knowled:e of the Commiitee which xe Sre unable to Feport 1o the Association for want of time. Qur conclusions are, however, fromall the facts tht have come to our knowleive a3 toths distribution of moueys belunging to bankrupt estates in the hands of the Assie.ces, that, asre- fards the payment of fees of uzers enziged ln administering the Bankrapt law, tac main truzbls To fn the Jaw itself. By its provisions, in the prac- tical administration of it no effective check appears 1o be placed upou the conduct of rapacious otlciaw, Teaviug every oflicer to cuarge aué collect whst his ‘own conscience will ullow. ~Ziot thatthe law does Dot clearly specify. §n most cses, whas shoala by charged oy such officers, but tae dificaliyliesin the enforcement of such provisions. To contest the charzes of ofiicers of the Courtls amatter that sttorneys habitaally shriok from. The illegal charges. in the aggresatc, fall solightiy on ench of the numerous creditors of an esste that no ope Crediior has much pecunisry inducement to dispute- them; #nd the resalt is, that in nearly every estate the amount of the charges and fees collected by the respective of- ficials depends upon the individaal honesty and conscience of each one-of them. Whilit auch & defect in the law excuses no one who bis ailifally Tiolated its provisions. yet it is a very sirong rei- son for the abolition of the law itself. THE OTHER BRASCI of bur inquiry, viz.: as 1o why estates which promised fair results have yielded so liitle money, fovers such a wide fleld that we cm ouly gire” fhe general results of our inuairies. "In the first place, when the astets of an nsalrent 8 bronght into a court of bankrapicy. that mesasa forced sale of the property on 8 declining market, with such o general staznation in neacly all kinds of business 1 this country has experienced forthe Dast few vears would necessarily yield less resal's in cash than in better times. That, however, has been only aparc of the dift- calty, " 1f we were called upon 1o sumup. 38 sinsle word, the main and principal ditealiy of oar present bankruvtcy system, as demon- strated in this distnct (sad we hsw Do dombg it i3 _general throoghout the country), e should ssy It wa Srresponswility. Under the faw as practically al- Iinietered, the Agsignce has charge of theesite 1t 13 for bt 1o scll the property and reduceitio moticy, but this be must do under the ordersof th2 Court " The responsibility Is not placed apon bis, 51t is npon toe Trustee, as provided by tae pres &t Dankrapt law of Engiand (under the directot of the creditors o tneir committee of inspection) %o munaze, sell, or otherwise dispose of sad tibute the proceeds amongst the oreditors o bl discretion, with an undiminished lls:uflhll to accotmt afterwards for a3y of M3 acts prejudicial to tie _estate. Bat under our system, the Assignce desiring to LIK: any step in the management oF distribation of »XL ouiate, applies ex parte to the Judze 8t chamier for an order. Of course the Judze can. in (2 multitade of his judicial doties, know but Litle D: the circumstances rezurding the ‘proposed action of the Assignee, and, in the absence of a0y otner erl- denco, e talies the Assiguee's statement 313 3 o5 the order nis, to pecome absolute ualesd o Sections are made by a certain day. No jtors appear to make the order is mage absolute . out. 'Its results may be prejudicial to the estatein 54 e ye s Assignee f4 105 the last degree, - and yet l%"fifl‘ mg: e dors ot responsible, for he only ca lhchuurL Had he been oblized to 2ct i "‘au s I tor-on his own responsibility, with 3 iy 10 beafterwards called to sccount, tod sane flm‘ et agent or trustee, Lis action woald I3 cases pe fur different. Y “Chere arc numerous other Causes reamlte toalized from the estafes which bt Droperly chargeable fo the law, bat miher L] Padiference of creditors in lookinz after ti¢ I ter and their laxity in enforcing ot B T ohs of the law mat for thelr beneft 334 ¥ tection. ; . e somewhat protracted and laborloas ula‘vfil_ gation which i3 here reported, tozether Wl fiiies among mercantile zd profeselo 2 o iy resent Hunliar with the operations of the pieseat, g rupt law, bave led your Coms lose SNERAL CONCLUSIONS: GENERAL CON CSI0N3: That the law Is nnnecessanly cumbe_r!nr:::ifi: quiring a complex form of administedtion toy, Jiting official duties and reaponsibllities 103 cnievous degree. "That the fees allowed by the present hw:% varlons officers for ordinary routine du0 g greatly in excess of the services rendered. 20 ¢y Zectain of the provisions of the act relstioz i b, Sndcosts are so uncertain and vo2u8 830, ligole to_great miscoastruct.on. and affor shrewd officers abundant ‘opportunities t0 P! i extortion nnder 2 possible or ‘constractise €O the law. "That the present law s deficient in pmtfig “;, Jocal xnpervision of oficialu. 1 distelct " 1652 quite impossible for the Judge of the Tl Court overburdened with bis ofticial datSS ., Diatrict and Circuit Courts, to watch for 30 0a. Teet thie pelty abnses occurring in the, SR, g %66 or departments, and it scoms BOwite s By oo ther oilicers, all working ander the s3 Ciple of compeusation, und subject 10,10 vy lcmuln;‘lons, the duty of guarding a0¢ cach other. Tt was al<o the conclusion of your C“’gfi':‘; and appears to be the expetience, of the community, that the provisio ™y o eompositions bave operated practieally s sreat prejudice of creditors, by 1endiog 3 b, compulsory power of the law fo €OSVC carry out schemes of ‘scrtlement 10 0 unjust and frauaulent. : 145 “observed, also, that tn many of ::;ufi now pending in this district, the T ome e Applyme for n second discharge, and 1 S0F 7 Tor # thicd dischare under the Preseot Loy Tt would appear to be_beyond th¢ 6880y osc of the act to hold oat o Imaro ;fl bt Paducement of & periodical relief fr0m (Ol Yout Committee have oot carefolly €O what might be accomplished by JudiCiONS 0 s cal amendments, for tho ceason ! ed to doubt the present ne ! Poirom their observation of its pracEiOFgy, 1 15 tals district. and nssaming that 1€ TGk fpe o the substantially the same in otoer district 10 uass of businuss is great, they B¢ ei‘f"nd Tavor its speedy and unconditional rep e Since .the farcgoins Hinpard has presented us with 3 COEE contaring a statement by Rim tou! BIe e cbeer” the matters relating to_his office, Wio fully submit berewith for the consy eeociation. The statement hos D€l €8y s s and is subatantially in nceordINCt Ty, g planations previonsly made to the duty considered. Jonx ¥, Coc i 5. NoEToS: g i:;:fv? Es:rx;nu‘oflfl‘ REGISTER 1IBBARD- tor Thefu]1nw(ngislhu-ommumc\um(l:01;% Hibbard reterred to, which Col or:pw.: after haviog gotten through with mox wiy To Messrs. John S. Looper: Jm(n&:” 92 and John 1. Kntckerbocker, COMRL o of the Chicugo Lar Assocution u’-‘"_ g L —————————————————————— SR