Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 2, 1878, Page 4

RS e mat bl a2 & SRR R e TilE CIilICAGO TRIBUNE: TIiIURSDAY, BAY 2, 1978 : 5 : /. 4] Av " The Tribane, TERMS OF SUBSCRIMIION. RY MAIL=IN ADVANCE—TOSTACE PREFAID, rafly Edition, ane vear.. 12,00 A A ity e cory, s PR A Freclmen coples sent tree. Gifve Poat-Ofice addrens o fall, Including Btate sud Canny, Hemilttances may be made elther by dratt, express, Taat-Ofce order, o {n roglatered letteta, at our risk. TERNS 7O CITY SUDSCHINERS, 114y, delfverad, Eanday Inelnded, 30 conts ner week, ires THE TRIBUNE COMP'ANY, tner Madison snd earborn-ste., Chicago, §il. Qrders for the deliveryof Tie TRINUXE At Kvanston, Fngicwomd, anid Hyde Park left In the counting-room Wilitecelve bromt attentio TRIBUN Trr Citeaan Trinvxe b \hlished hranch ofil for the recelptof suhacrintions and mvertisements ol . 10 Ttae de Ia Grange-Tiateltere, Ei terican Exchange, 440 Strand. Tlexny F, Gintio, Agent, SAN FIANCISCO, Cal.—Talace flotel. AMUSEM HN'I‘S-_‘ McVicker's Thentre, Madlenn strect, beiween Dearborn aud Btate, “'Our Aldermen,” flaoiey's Thenter. Nandolnh Hreet, between Ulark and Lasalle. Eugagement of Mad. Modjeska. **Adefenne.” Hnverly’s ‘Theatre. Monroe stront, corner of Deatborn. JoshHart's Pan- orame of the Chicago Fire, New Chleago Thentre, Clark etrect, oppsite Eherman Honse. ment of Mme. Ttents’s Femalo Minstrels. Furty Thieves," Tngage- *‘Femalo Collscum, Clark street, opposite new City-Tiall, Enpegement of O, W. Thompson, **Yaweup.” Varlety entertaln- ment. SOCIETY MEETINGS. TIOMAR J. TURNER LODGE. No. 400, A. . and A4 Special Coumiinlcation g Wo M. STANTON, Secretary. THURSDAY, MAY 2, 1878, Greenbncks nt the New York Stock Ex- change yesterdny closed at 99, v Mt Tho mun;hly Trensury statement shows tho reduction of the national dybt for April to have been 23,015,865, Tho suspense nnd“u;x;c;lflmy attending tho question of the validity of the city serip is in a fair wny to be speedily ended. 'The Tutren injunction cose waa nrgted yecter- dny bofore four Judges of the Circuit Court, nud it is expectod that o decision will be promplly rendered upon which an appeal may be carried to the Supreme Court and the wmatter definitoly determined, The formnl opening of tho Taris Ex- Libition by President MacManox occurrod yestorday, tho insugural cereinonles being attended by crowds of peoplo oo vast to be enumerated oven by estimate, A distin- guished company of foroign Princes and nobles were present, and from the nccounts forwarded in tho cabla dispatches it is scon that tho first industrial demonstration by the Republic of Franco promises to be among the grandest and most mermorable of the world’s great showy The death of Jous Monnissey oceurred quite suddeuly at Baratoga, N.Y. There hnd been an npparent prospect of rocovery for the past fow days, an fmprovement In hin condition giving encouragoment to be- licve that ho would rally and *como up smiling” onco more, A sinking-spell which occurred at half-past 5 p. m, proved to be tho “last round ” in his plucky fight againat death, and in two hours Mountssey lad **thrown up thaspouge” forover, A most interesling sketeh of tho remarkable enreer of tho ex-Congressmen, ex-Stata Senator, nnd ox-pugilist is given in our columns this torning. ——— Iu the making out of bills for the caro of Couok County pauper inmates of the Denf und Dumb Asylum at Jncksonville, Mr. Gir- LT, the Huperintendent of that fustitntion, hay only followed tho fushion. 'Fhe supposi- tion was quits natural, in viow of tho cnor- mows gratuities voted the favorites of tho Ring which controly the disbursement of the funds of Cook County, that uo trouble would ho experionced in gotting through the itoms for tha equipment of tho pauper wmutes with patent-lunthor boots, kid glovew, fine linen, and nobby attire, Everybody steals from Cook County, provided n satisfactory under. standing is first hnd with the Ring; and it s evidently right hera that the proceptor of the denf mutes at Jocksonville was wenk, It was s fatal omission to negleot this precan. tlon, aud it is to bo feared tho bills for theso gorzeous outfits will not ba approved and paid with tho lncrity uniformly displayed Wwhonover SexvoN's brick . or Warken's thick- stono ** oxtrua” are under consideration. The dispoaition of the Bankrupt-Law Re- pent bill - tho Sonate—fixing Jan. 1, 1679, as the dato whon tho repeal shall take effect —will doubtluss have a salutary cffoct in checking tho hendlong rush of debtors’ thiroughout the country to take ndvantago of the existivg law whilo yet it romains on tho statute-books, An amendment to . this ef- fect oficred by Hemator MaTtuews, of Ohio, was ndopted by a vots of 25 to 22, ond subsequently the bill wus referred to the Judiciary Committee, with the understanding that it shall be ro- vorted back to-day, ‘The refercnce does not authorize the futroduction of amenduouts yemedying tho defects and objectlousbla features of the present law, but by tho ex. teusion of timo until Jonuary next en op. yortunity is afforded for tho careful prepara- tion of & law which shall fake the jilaco of the ono to Lo repealed, The events of tho past few duys, sivee (ho passuge of the repenl bill in tho House, have done much to dewonstrate the necessity of some sort of general Bankeupt law, We reprint eliewhers, from the Boston Jlerald, a Yocal natice of tho openiug of the sersion of thy Bixauas sud Hiss Customs Tuvestigation Cotnmsion in that city ; also, u brief cditorial on the subject of the in- vewtigution. ‘The local uotice shows that tho coursy pursued bero is being followed there, Mr. Jaues Hoaa, of the old snd respected dry-goods houso of ooy, Beowx & Tayros, wus invited to act with the Commlission, us Mr, L, Z. Latenacted Lere, and the jovita. tion was accepted. Iuvitations were extend. «d to all importers to appear befors tho Cowmission sud state what they kvow of customs ubuces. Editorially the Boston Journal commends the object of tho Com. wission s very importunt, alludes to tho fuct o tho existence of rossubusesin the customs ‘abont 915,600,000 to tho nggrogate paymeut rervico of Now York ns notorions, and ns cnusing a loss of at least ten million dollara per annum to the revennue, and concludes with the opinion that ** the undertaking fa n very considerable one, and those who aro making millions out of the business wiil spare no efforts to retain their monopoly.” The articles reprinted in Tnrz Tainuxg, dar- ing the Inst few weeks, from tho journnls of Eostern and Western cities, show that the movement for reform in the New York Custom.Ifonse management, innugurated in Chicago aud pressed so ardently by Tre ‘Tniooxe, Lias at lnst drawn to itsell the goneral support of the press. The Commis- slon, regarded in the” outset with litile less than seorn and contempt a8 n mero form of investigation without serfous purpore, hns grown in public favor until it has becomo n central obfect of atlentive confidenco. We do not heritate to pronounce it the most important investigation ovor undortaken by the Governnent, not aven excepting that of Secrotary Bristow touching whisky frands. Wa thorefora hail with ospecinl satisfaction tho growing interest in its support mani- fested by the press and the public, Observers of the drift of affairs in Europo connot have failed to notica the. peculiar motions of Austrin. 8he has boen hovering over Boanin ond Herzegovina like n hawk over o barn-yard fowl, gradually narrowing her cireles until she {s just on tho point of swooping down on her prey. Tho dis- patclios hinvo expressed lor intontlons iu o snfo and ambignons way. One day it is given out that Austrin is on the point of concluding arrangemonts with Russin by which Bosnia and Hegzegovina will be handed over to the former conntry as the prico of her assont to the Trenty of San Stefano, The next dny this report is con. tradicted or pronounnced ** premature.” Then it is announced that Anstria hns como to an understanding, tho naturoe of which is not known, with Russin, Again it is said that Austrin has nof yet como t3 terms, and so on, This process of feoling the publio pulse lias been carred to such o point that Ans. trin is by this timo wall assured of her po- sition, and it will be strango if the nrm of territory which with something like human nflcotion now stretclies arouud Dosnia and Horzegoving, does not soou closo on thom foraver. Tflé NATIONAL SINKING FUND. Dy the nct of 1862 it was provided that romn tho ravenucs from customs there should be taken annunlly a sum equal to 1 per cent of the maximum outstanding public debt, to Do applied to n Sinking Fand for the pay- ment of tho principal of that debt., In 186) tho first formal step was taken in this matter of n Sinking Faud. The prineipal of the debt hind been grently rednced prior to that date, aud since then there linve been large rednc- tions of the principal of thoe publie dobt ather than by purchases for the Sinking Fuud. On the first of July, 1866, the recog- nized and recorded debtof the Government roached its maximom., It was then $2,778,200,174, On the first of July, 1877, the total debt wns 32,060,158,223, including greenbacks, showing o reduction of §718,~ 077,951, In his annual report of December, 1876, Sccrotary MonniLy stated that a literal com. plinnco with the nct of 1862 would have ro quired that the sum of §438,818,216 should hiave been applied to the Sinking Fund up to July 1, 1876 ; aud Secretary SBuenMax n year Inter, ndopting thesamne basis, stated thnt on July 1, 1877, the amount in tho Sinking Fund should have beon $175,318,889, when in fact, on tho dato namoad, the reduction of tha debt, including accrued interest, loss cash in the Treasury, nmounted to $6U0,27:,- 248, or £220,054,450 fn oxcess of the amount then required by law for the Sinking Fund. 8inco thon another year's reduction of tho debt has taken place, adding into the Sinking Fund, whon (Lo simplo re. quiromont of 1 por cont would boe less than 21,000,000, The practical operation and growth of the Sinking Fund moy uot bo generally under- stood, and a fow words will explain it. Tha fund was bogun in 1860 by the purchaso of honds equal to 1 per cent of the debt on July 1 of that year, Tho prinocipal of theso bonds whna eanceled and duclared ** paid,” but the interuat on all tho bouds purcliased that year and for all suceeeding years continnes to Lo paid into' the Binking Fund. The additions to the Binking Fund iu the flacal year 1877 nro thus stated One per cont of principal of debt, U0 B0, IBT. suorerevrs g0 v aune e 821, 80,051 Inte S 1,050 111 L7 16 5 Interest on bonds prarckased in 1 Interest on Lowls parchnsed m 1850, Interest on Londs puretised In 1577, Total udditions_to Sinking Fand from duly 1, 1870, 10 Juno 30, 1y wessnnene veees333,720, 803 The amonnttobo added for the prosent yoar will boabiout 34,000,000, It will be seen thint the country continnes to pay intercst on all tho dobt pald since 1869, There wero 21,000,000 of fractional eurrency redeemed, aml thi was turncd over to tho Binking Fund, aud ou this the country will continuo to pay interost so long msunny partof tho publio debt remaing unpaid, If this prac- tico bo coutinued, tho whols public dabt will ba paid in full within forty years from this time, Each year the paymonts into the fgd incraase. Tiho country {4 now paying in. torest on tho samo amount of Jebt on which it bas pald from the Leginning, The couu- try Las Loen taxed to pay over $730,000,000 of tha principal of thy dobt, nnd continues to bo taxed to pay interest on that liquidated principal, ‘I'his Sinking Fund bolug now seven years in advauce of the redquirements of the law of 1862, the proposition to kuspend further purchases of the dobt on that uccount ought to mees with general approval by Congross. ‘Fhe suspension will not bo a repeal of the Siuking-Fund aoty it will mercly be a suss pension of {lie purchase of a debt not due, aud which the creditor ju not asking to have paid. The suspendiug act might provide tuat in oll cases whero thero shall bo an actual surplus of revenus, that surplusmight bo applicd to the reduction of the debt, but apy furlber direct uppropristions for that purpose should now - he discontinued. Uu. Jess this suspending act shall pass, thers will be collccted from tho peoplo during the next seven years uearly §300,000,000, to boapplied fo tho purchaso of the publio debt, Thisis crowding the present generatron rather se. verely. It is grivvous tazation. It is keop- iug up the tox to pay the interest on the eu. tire original juterest-bearing debt when one- third of tho wholo debt bas been paid. ‘The country is suflering from u loug-pro. tracted depression. Nover was industry axd production so prostrated. Will not this threo Luudred willions of dollars of extra tux be wore profitablo if left 1 the hands of the Deople, to bu by them baudled and md\n \ business, and ns part of the wages fund for Ialor, than if taken from thom and applied to tho purchase of bonds not yot due, and in ndvance of the reqniroments of the Sinking Fund? Congresa shonkl not hesitate to pass the suspending act, and put an eud for the present to this unnecessary but oppressive payment demanded by no moral or legal obligation, but which Is ndding to the griov. ous burden of taxation undor whioh the country is suffering. S p— GERMANY'S DEMAND. Daring the war between Russia and Turkey, and the negotintions that havae fol. lowed it betweon Russia and England, Gere many hns had considernble to say ns a medi- ator about tho rights of others; sho now appenra about to any somothing for hersolf aud to issne A caveat to Lugland that wiil not be very welcome. The sudden mission of Count Vox Mortre to Copenhagen, fol- lowing so closcly upon the preparations of England to sond an ironclnd fleet into the Baltic, is nniversally reganled as tantamount to an announcoment of Germany to England that she must koep outof that sea, Geo- graphical position, Gerniany’s marine neces- sities, ns well as the forco of destiny, all point with unerriag certainty to the ultimate absorption of Denmark by Germany, and the latter's invitation to her to close the Sound will not be disregarded. Sho istoo wenk tore- fuso thoedemaud of her colossal neighbor, and even wero sho strong enough to hesitate, & refusal might hasten the proeess of absorp: tion. Apnrt from nny considerations of this nature, however, it is not remarkable that Qermany should express hor unwillinguess to allow English ironclnds on the Baltic. That sea is virtually an inloud loke counacted with the high seas, that are tho world’s proporty, by a narrow outlet, and belonging peculinrly to Scandlinavia, Germany, and Ruasia, and noither Gormany nor Denmnrk intonds that it slll be oceupied by o foreign Vower for belligeront purposes. In like manner Russia aud 'Purkey have looked npon the Black Son 08 their common property, and have jenlonsty guarded its wators ngainst the armed vesscls of auy outside Power, Tho sentiment of Gormany may bo spprociated by what tho seutiment of Tllinois would bo in caso it were possible for Canada and Michigan to get into trouble, nupon witness- ing Canndian gunboats crnising in Lake Michigan. That Germany has taken this position is signifieant in two ways. First, it showa that Germany for the first time con- siders herself strong omough to dictate to England and mako this bold demand with tho confidenco that it will not be disregard- ed. Becond, it shows unmistakably tho drift of Gormnn sympathy that she should mnke a demand which speaks one word for hersolf and o whole volumo for Russia, for, if the ‘English fleat is kopt out of tho Haltie, tus- sin can go to war with no concorn for any dnuinges that the powerful fronclads might fuflict upon her on ‘her northweatern const. 1t must also bring homo to England tho un- welcome prospect that sho fs isolated from Continental help, aud that, §¢ sho goes into tho war, she must do so without an ally, wnwless it Lo the disnbled Tark, who in his moribuud condition can offor no valunble unssistanco. It is per- fectly evident, notwithstanding all the hopes held out by Austro-Hungary, that thoe lattor Lins no iutention of an active participation in the war, but has been waiting for such ag- grandizement as shall compensate her in the general partition, It is equally evidont that Gormany, although, sba. comes .boaring an olive branch, has no sympathy with England. With such odds agninst her, the war party in England will bo likely to take a sobor second thought and ealculate the chances more crit- ically before they rush into a struggle with a victorions Tower, with no certalnty of nssistanca from any quarter. ‘That thore is o decided change coming over the English peoplo is shown by tho great penco meutings now belng held iu the centre nnd north of Ingland. They prophesy tho orgnnization of a pence party strong enough to make itself folt- +ET IT BE REORGANIZED, Tho inefllicioncy of Mr, II, B. Jaams, “Chiof" of tho Customs Division of the ‘I'reusury Dopartmont, rendered quite noto- rious by late developmauts, tends to provoke inyuiry a4 to the exact character of tho or. funization of that braunch of the Government service. Is the presout organization calcu. lated to promote. efliciency? Is it the best pousiblo organization? Or, rather, is it not about the worat possible organization ? ‘Tho Customs Division is the most impor- tant branch of tho Trensury Dopartment, Nearly one-half the entiro ravonuo colleotod 14 derived from customs, The receipts from customs for tho yonr euding June 30, 1877, aggrogatod §130,000,000, whilo those from iuternal sources for tho samo . period nggro- gated bat $118,000,000, The Commissionor of Tuternal Revenuo i well nigh supromo in his Depnriment, Ie is practioally independent even of the Beerotary of the Treasury. Ho ju the real Liead of bis Department, and renders all tho decisions necensary to the proper conduct of its businoss. o iw noxt in rank to the Hoc- rotary of the Tronsury, aud receives a salary, of ¥,000 per snunmn ; and yot hiy division for the year 1877 collected twelve million ddollara less rovonuo than that derived from customs, The Commissionsrship of Inter. uol Rovenue {3 doeued of auch high impor- tance that groat care is bostowed upon the soloction of incumbents. Ouly men of wido experlence in pl,hllu or yrivate lite, of proved capacity, and of stainless repu- tation, aro appointed to tho position, How lu it with the Customs Division? 1o laws goveruiug the collection of customa duas are much more complicated than those governing the collection of internal ducs. The jaternsl revenue is mainly dorived from two articles,—splirits and tobacco,— while the ocustoms revenus is derived from wora thay a thousand articles, tLo rates of duty belug specitte, ad ‘valorem, and com- pound. But, uotwithstauding this fact, the Cuctoms Division of tho "freasury Dopart. went may bu said to be without organization atull. It is vominally presided over by au otticial called the Comuissioner of Custows. ‘The person who is s0 forfuuate as to hold the positlon recoives §1,500 per avnuw, and is almost absolutely without respousibility, The name of the present jucumbint is Hesnr O. Jousioy. He was appointed four years ago from Tennsylvania, Everybody knows GmreN B. lavx, Commissloner ot Tuternal Revenue, but who every heard of Henoy C. Joussoy, Commiusioner of Cus- touwn? Mr, Commissioner Jounwox Ié ranked in the Tressury Departent by a dozen cfficials, 1o hbas never, in the whole courie of bis official life, mwade a decision affecting the collection of the customs revenue or anything else. No authority of any lmportanco i3 vested in Lim; Lo i a mere accounting officer. It was not so fiftcen years ago. Formerly the Cowmissioner of Customs way the real bead of hig on, oflicial upon whom all customs officers in the country relied ns chief, and whoso authority was sccond only to that of the Secretary and Assistant Seere- tariesof tho I'reasury, But the o.lce of Com- migasioner of Customs has been gradually atripped of authority, nntil now the person who holds it has no mora influonce in his own division of the Treasnry Depariment than tho portor who sweeps his oftice.floor. It will be said that the Conunissioner exer- cises a8 much antliority as is dovolved upon him by law. True, whon the ‘Frensury De- partmont <vas organized, its chief busi- ness was the colloction of the customs dues, nud it secomm to have boon assumed that the Bocrotary and his two asaistants conld and would attend porsonnlly to all questions of mdministration arising in the Depnrtraent. When tha increaso in Govorn- ment functions caused by the growth of the country rendered this ulterly impos- sible, the caro of cnstoms ealleetions natur. ally dovolved upon the Commissioner, anil it was nccordingly placed there, Why it was subscequontly withdeawn nud devolved upon a mero clork has nover heon explnined, and; wo vonturoe to say, caunot bo successe fully explained by the Becrotary who so shifted tho burdon of responsibility, or by any ono of the long Jine of Sccretaries who have permitted this anomalous condition of things to continue down to tho presout time, Mr, 11 B, Jastes is tho *“olerk” upon whom rosts the ontire responsibility of collecting the customs revenue. And yet Mr, James is as utterly without ;legal authority as he is without lIegal responsibility, Ilo may not sign his namo to any officia} papor or lotter of tho Trensury Dopartment, When ho wishes to promulgate an onder or render n decision hie has it prepared, puta his iuitinls in the corner, and the SBeerotary or an Assist. ant Becrotary signs it as o mattor of course. Now it fs o fact that the Iuternal Revovus Division has o responsible liend, ns wo have sliown, and it iy o fact that in that division tho rovenuo due the Government is suceess- folly collected. It is n fact, ns we lave shown, that the Customs Division has no rospousible hoad (below the Seeretary), and it.is o conceded fact that it colleots only about fonr-fifths of the revenne due. Is it not thne, then, to reorganize the Customs Divislon of the Treasury Departmont? Thore is iu the Treisury Departmont an anomnlous division called tho * Secrotary'’s office.” It ia extremely improbable that n Becrotary of tho Treasury created this divis. ion of his own motion. It wns doubtless in- spired by a littlo coterio of ambitions youug mon who weto placed in cliarge of it sub- divisions. It scems to be au Ingonions de- vico for vosting tho power of the Socrotary in tho hnuds of the young inen aforesnid, Thelr stylo is that of clerks, but their pow- ors aro thoso of the Scerctary of the Trens. ury. Mr, H. B, Jases is one of thoso nme Litions young men, or was when he reached hig presont position. Ife was ingounious enough to securo tho position, and mgenions enough to keop it for n serics of yoars ; and, afior ho was unceromoniously kickud out on suspicion, hie wns ingenions cnough to creep back into the placo he coolly adinits hia in- capacity to fill accoptably. . ‘Why shonld not the Commissioner of Cus- toms bo mado tho cqual in authority aud responsibility of the Commissioner of In- tornal Rovenue? Mr, Jaxes now exorolues tho antbority sud assumes tho respon. sibility of the position for the sum of 2,100 per annum, Cominissionor Jounsox roceives 34,600 per sunnm, ll‘ll\’ir, Jonxsox {8 in. ‘capable, 16t a ‘capabld ‘inan be fonnd as his succossor. It i o nolorivus fact thnt for yenrs ‘the Now York Custom-House hns been practically indopondentof the Trensury Do partment, and the ronson of this fact is the other fact that the Customs Division of the Treasury Department has no responsiblo hoad, The Becrctary must lodgo respon. wibillty with somcbody. Why should he iguore an officer ppointed by the Prosident by nnd with the ndvice and consentof tho Henate, aud lodge it in the Lands of amero clork ? MR, BURCHARD AB!{BL.THB INCOME-TAX Elsewhoro ws publish s lotter from Ar, Bunosarp explaining and defondiug his nd- voeacy of the Lill reported from his Com- mitteo by his casting vote, reducing the to- baceo tax and imposing an income tax to ko up tho loss of tobacco ravonuo, Wo fiud 1t oxtremely difficult to rgconcile some of Mr, Buncuanp's statements of his position with the facts, 1o says he did not favor the bill becauso of its reduction of the tax on tobacco; that he voted agaiust such reduction, and that he voted for tho Income- tax scetion, ‘Cheso votes rofer to tho action of the Committeo of Ways and doans when worklog up the details of tho bill. DBut Mr. Bunouanp voted for tho bill ns finally reported to the Hoaso, Tho bill contains two principal soctions,. 'The first provides for o roduction of tho tax on tobaceo from 21 cents to 10 conts por pound, being a reduction of oue.-third of tho tax. ‘I'his would, it wns soen, creato o large doflelt in the Gevernment rovonues, aud to make wood this Mr, Buncitarp proposed 8ac. 2 relmposing the ropualed incore war-tax, Ilo says * he voted for that fucome-tax seotlon,” 60 there is no dispute on that polut, Jow. aover much or little he wmay bave been opposod Lo the tobacco.reduction seotion, he aceopted it in ordorto creatu an exouso for reimposing the income tax, 1o gave tho casting vote in the Committee for the bill reducing tho tax on tobacco and restoring tho tax on inoomes. Bear fu mind the two things go togethor, If he had been ronlly opposed to reducing the tobacco tax he would have voted sgainst the bill, and his vote would have provented its befugreported, ‘I'ho voto was a4 follows: FOU TUE ILL TAKIXG A TAX OPF TODACCO AND PUTTIMG IT OX IXCOMES Turken, \Vn Confed. Haxis, Masel, Rep, Wuon, K. Y.y Dea Fueurs, Conn., Dew, This male a te, and Huscaaup decided the question by votivg with the Southern Brigadicrs to romove the tax on tobacco and {mpose an income tax on tha peoplo of the North and Weat, 1iis desiro for the restora. tion of that odious, fuquisitorial, demorale jziug, and perjury-Lreeding tax exceeded his opposition to the ropeal of the tobacco taz. Alr, Buncuasp endeavors to shelter Lim. self Lehind o buncombe resolution of the House *‘instructing tho Committee to re- port a bill imposing & gradusted tux upon tho excess of jucows sbove & yeasonable tninimumn to bo fixed by law.” But ho doesn't pretend that the Commiltee Las obeyed that ““instruction.” ‘The Lill reported is 1m wo particular in sccordauce with the resolution of the House. The Committes was not in- structed to meddle with the existing Jgyr tax i tobucew, which is only 21 couts o pound, wherens the English tax is 80 conts, and the Clerman, French, Austrian, Russian, Span. ish, alinn, and Belgian tobreco tax range from the Euglish rate to #2 a poundor mova, ‘The Committes went outside of its instructions, ‘nud therefore violatod them, Nor did it *report n bill imposing a grad- uated tax,” as tho resolution required, nnd. in this respect, niso, the Commiltes violated tho instructions, In short, the bill reported is not coverail by the resolution, is not the kind of bill the Hfouse ealled for, nud Mr. Tuncanp canuot hido himself behind tlig' resolntion and pretond that lie was simply oboying the instructions of the Ionse. Nor will his plea avail him that other Re- publicana besidos limsolf voted for the pas- ange of tho resolution. The question is, How many Repnblicans will vote for the bill which bis casting vote roported to the Honse? IHow many Republicans in Congress will vote with the Routhern Drigndiers to removo tax on tobacco in order to find an excuse for reimposing a tax on incomea? If thoro nre any such, let their names bo made known, Wo think the gentlemnn from tho Fifih Iilinols District will Lo found to atand alono, . Mv. Bugrontanp asks, ** Would it be wise to make n party issue upon this tax?” Wo an- awar, tho bill ho hns reported to the Houso is not o party issue. It s cortaiuly not n Ropublican measurej aud Woon, of New York, Chairman of the Ways and Meaus Committece, and Paecrs, of Conuccticut, who Loth voted agninst it, decliue to make it n Democrnlic mensure, Mr. Buncranp confesses as much when ha says that *the members from the Eastern Statey gonerally voled ngainst i}, without repard to party.” Tho Lill is supported by the Confoderato Drigadiers for tho purposo of removing the tax on tobacco, and then recouping the Troasury ont of an income tax collectod from tho pooplo of the North; nnd it is nlso sup- ported by such Western members as aro secking to curry favor with the Communists, whosoe desiro i3 to injure *capitalists” ns mtteh a3 possiblo, A curious argument s prosonted by M, B. io favor of tho tax. He suys thut the number of persons iné Ilinois who in 1870 returned incomes in excews of $2,000 was only 1,760. Is {t probable that that was onc-tenth of the number of such persons ? Tho fact is, the people hnd become so dis. gusted with tho tax that they refused any longer to cxposo their private nffairs, aud refused to muoke any roturns, ‘They had sub- 1itted to the inguisition as a patriotie duty during tho Warand for six years nfter it was over, and {hon they resolved to expose tleir private afairs no longer, as the necoy- sity therafor had censed. There was not enough rovenuo collected the lnst year of tho tax in Illinois and other Western States to pay tho salaries of the hordes of Assessors and Collsetors, And so it would be again if Bunouanp's tobaccu-reducing-incomo tax Dbiil woro eunoted. ‘Llio swarms of Federal oflicinls that would have to be uppointed to collect the tax would devour in feos, costs, and salaries protty much all the revenue that could bo obtained under tho law, But its sonrch-warrant operations would bo none the lcaa repulsivo nud damaging on that sc. count, Whilo the LIl if it paases, will not bo permitted by tho people to rewain long in force, it will dumn every momber of Con- gress from the North who helps to place it on tho statute-book, ‘That good old Greek proverb about the guds firat making mad those whom they would de- stroy, finds o stngular exempiificution Iu theso latter days when applied to a certain class of sore-headed, fmplacable politiclans, For In- stance, thero is James (. BraiNe, who has Leets as mad as a March liaro ever siuco the gods sfogled him out aa a fit subject to be destroyed. Ho first got cxceedingly angry over tho ex- posure of his conneetion with the bonds of a certnin Ariausas raflway company, and we all remoember bow he cantered up and down the alsles of tho Iouse of Representatives, westicu- lating with both arms, like 2’ windmill pumping wateron o Western pralrie, and swinglug his iists under Lhe nose of poor Puocron Knorrin a way that made tho Kentucky Inwyer wish that Iie wero not KNorT. Next hogot very wad at a party by the name of MULLIGAN over somu pri- vuto letters that MULLIOAN bappened to know ubout, and which BLains wished the gods bad destroyed Instead of destroying hMinself, Then ho got mad at the Cincinnati Convention for uot nominating him as the Repube Hean candidate for the Prosidency in the place of Hares, In short, Brainm has boen mad so much during tho last two years that 1t Is evident tho gods are putting hlin through a preliminury sort of tralning to end in a (nal eatastropho, in nccord. anee with the adago with which this paragraph Lezins. -Senator Hows, of Wisconsin, 18 an- other public man that the gods are alter in tho smng anner us BLAINE. 1lo moves slower than the Malue man, because hels luzier aLd older; but his auger endurcth forever atter the fires of his lndignant wrath are obce kindled, Nobody but Howa sud the gods know exactly what he {8 avgry about: amd the public ouly o serves that ho is undergolng the necessary changes that must end In total eclipse and po- Htical extiuction, provided ho is only koot mad lung cnongh, The gods huve vecn consuited, und it 4s thele opinton, privately oxpressed, that Hows wiil be ready to pass in his cheeks early next winter, Then thero fs the pride of New York, Senutor CoNKLiNg, who hus been pro- vented o dozen Umea from muking *the great forensie effort of hislife” because he was so wud with the rosident about the New York appolutments that he could not collect his ‘thuughts, Evidently the gods have wot the names of thess thive great stutesmen down on their stets, und will run them all through the bl that grinds stow but exceoding tne, ———e—— Mall udvices Inregard to the strike of cotton- epluners in Eugland contatn little of nterest uaddition to what has already been printed. The comments of tho English presson the cattées of the strike are curious and Jnatructive. Fhey suggest that the bad quality of English manufuctures and tho force of American com- vetition have had much to do with the proseut distress, Bu longas Amcrican mauufacturcrs *rush cagerly Into our markets,” remarks the Loudon Yews, flzhting cagerly to be allowed to sell ut a Joss, everybody cugaged In tho trade must suller and make sacritices’’ ‘Lo opera- tives aresald to behiove that thosole caus ot the low prices Is overproduction, but the news- papers gonerally arguc that this theory {s not sutlicient to acvount for the facts, Tho opera- tives pgain matutain thut the proposed redue- tion of 10 percent fuwages will not reduce the cost ot ‘lurty yards of cloth more than two pence. Tho News, In answer to this, shows that two penve io forty vards s 200 peoce in 4,000 yurdd,—3 sum well worth considering as a whole- sale proiit, Morcover, tho uvperatives do not make ollowanees for the reduction in running time, which, by keeping the machinery aud capltal jdle, luvolvesa great additional loss. The bearlug of this atrike on the proposed reduction of the 40 per rent tarifl-tax oo cotton goods f- ported foto this country ks sufliclently obyvious, At o tlme wheo Awmerican wonufacturers ars driving the English out of their own ioarkets with uo tax to belp themw, they certaluly ought 10 Lo able to bear a reduction fa the tari lo- teuded to prevent competition at Lome. | = i Tho ciphering politicians are already emoloy- fug ther lelsuro womests in fxivg upthe chances 08 to whbivh party can carry the next House of Represcutatives at the clection next full. The Denoerats bave now o wadority of “Firat Connecticnt fifteon, elght of which they sectred by turning out four Republicans who had been fairly clect- ed and seating four Democerats who had been falrly defeated. Defore this outrage of Bivn Seninarr's Committce was perpeteated, the Democruts had only seven majority in the House. The close Republican districts, those carrfed by less than 500 majority, were the fol- Towlng! Rep. rmv,}i Taird Ohlo, Tenth Olilo, 1In like manner tho followlng table names the districts carrlod by Democrats by fewer than 600 votes: Distriet, Eietiteenth 1linols, Ninth Kenineky... Sixth Jndians,.. Thirty-accond Now York. Seeanl Ullo. Fourth Ohls ‘Phitteenth Pennsylvania Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Inthe Eleventh New York District, alao, the Demnocratic candidnte waas elected by 427, owing to a Republican split, (vhich s counter-balanced by a Democratic split i the Sccond Missotirl District, giving it to tho Republicans by 314, There are o dozen districts in the South which wera Republican in 1874 by upwards of 2,000 majority in each, which wore carried by the Confederates in 1870 Ly frauds and bulldozing, and which the Republicans ean recover it the clections bo conducted with any degree of fair- ness. . ————— “*A Romance of the Peerage™ {8 what thoy might with justice eall tho case of tho Viscount- css Kixast.anp, to whom n donation of £100 was recently made from the Royal Bounty Fund. We have hieard of desceudants of tho Pran- TAGENETS becoming buteliers and tending turn- pikes, and of Baronets wlo drove cabs and cuaches, Lut the case of Lady KiNasuAxp is sadder than any of these, Bhels the widow of the lust represcentative of the BArNswALLy of Kingsland, the sixtn Viscount, who left her a widow [n 1833 with the muodest sum of £1,200 for all fortune. Unc of the trustees died, and the other Jevanted with her money, and sho was thus loft penniless, aud withour a single rela- tive who was In o position to asslst her. For o loug time she lived Ina single room in Lam- betly, rocelving an allowancs of 03 cents o week from the parish authorlties, aud making about as much by sewing. At last her situatlon was * brought before a8 benctl cent soclety, which wade *‘mloute in- quirles,"—lucklly she did not dis of starvation fn the interim,—and, indiog that her character was and ever had .been above re- proach, made her a “simall allowance.” The Quecn has glven the ol woman $500, as Jias al- ready been sald, 80 that sonfe ineasure of com- fort will be sceurey for her aurng the fow ro- malning years of hier life. Comfort she eadly needed. 8he and fier nlece, according to un Euglish paper, “ occupy one small back room, about thirteen feet square, in which thereis scarcely any furnituro. Ludy KiNestanp's hodstead s only an upology fur this necessury pleee of furniture; ayd ber nlece has none at all, but sleens on the boards at nicht, or rather n the morotuw, when she lias fiuished her dully toll. Lady KiNosLAND haa continued ber needlework, but this she is obligud to conllne to shirt-making. 8he Is remunerated st tho rate 0f2d for cach shirt made.”” low differont o pleture this Is from that usually deawn of the 1Ife of an Engilsh Viscountess! e —— The Springflold Republican serious'y brings to public notice the religiuus phase of the lato WinLian M. Tweew's character, That paper quotes what Mr. ‘Twzip safd about the Bible,— acopy of which his good mother had seut hitm whille hu was incarcerated In the Ludlow Btreet Joil,~~aud, strunge as it may scem, he gave the buok his unyualliied spproval, slthough it is doubtful If the Blble could 1 honesty return the compliment, and approve of the lfe and character of Mr. Twerp, Mo cited numerous passages that he considered very Nue, and capeclally certal solectlons from the Psalms of Daviv. But his critieal exepesis did not vim- brace those rongh old moral requlrements that sparkle all throuzh both the Old aud the New Testament Scriptures Jlko ethival diamonds, such as * Thou shalt not steal, ‘Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet, Provide things honest in thesihit of all mew,” and much more of the same sort. It really looks like o burlesquo upon Chrlstianity to speak of sucha deep-dyed ofd vilialn ns TweEp was kuown to be In the snme breath with rellgions but then whenwa see every murderer that isswung off the failows golug through tho pearly gates of Par- udise, according to their own statement of thelr well-grounded hopes and expectations, TwEBD may os well go along, Oaly Just weele threo ne- groes wero Lung for murder in a Southern city, ond overy one of them sseured the miserable sinners that they feft behind that Gop's holy ougels were near, waltiug to watt tholr souls to glory as svon as the Bheriff cut the ropu. 'I'ne consulations of religlon are certalnly very Kieat, and their possibliities incalenlably clastio 1f they can be mads to cover such casos aa theso und others of that stamp, The thief that was forgiven while sufferlug upou the Cross was probuably not one of the ‘Tammany Mall fellows, othierwiso the caiv would have besn ditfurent, ———t——— In his articlo on “England aud Her Colonics,” i tho current unmber of the Privecton Heview, Mr, Frouos says sume futeresting “things with regard to wajuritios aud peaceful revolutious, as follows: g We nll Liate violent revolutions, The will of the majonty peacefully cxprosed auswers all purposes in quiot g, Beparptu Inturosts neutralico vack other, and, on_ the wiiols, what the majority de- cides 18 probubly 1ho beet under the clrcaiusiauces. Hut 1t Is far utherwive at thows critical penuds whicn decldu tho character of nations; whea Intor« iy push it one dircetion, and truth and honar fu avostibr, Thon, *tvotig' fauk, Then, thoss ure richt who prefus ce ut any cosl, to s sound skin and a full poc! ud such porsons are vory rurely lndeed 1n s majority. Fow, very few, of tha greas vonuficent changes which have taken eifuct b this wortd Liad s majorlty for thom befure thuy werv sccomplished, If the Urcuks had been, ho Peretuu favaslon, o majority | decidealy votod that ft wus usu~ hxxs. XERXEv, with his myriads of men, Id | tufullivly et them up. wajority in the Low Countries in the sixicenth century would havo wubmltted to Piwie §i In nd uven In Scotland, & couut of heads gone for the walutenancy of the maws ’s authority, st least us late e the Arusda time, A wnjority n England would bave restorod Citanies L at tho Vruity of Newport, All the frast of tho clvil war would Lava bosn lust, would have beon no Communwealth und Wl froedom. ‘Pho svefs fn Ruseis mizht o waited for emancipation for centurivs, had they waltud to Lo lloerated by vote, T'he Emperor dueliua that thoy should bo (rues aid thoy Bro, and will rumain, | Bufore the Civil War in tae United Biates, » majorily would bave voted ayalust tho wbolition of siavery, 1t was only u thed Eungland states that thore was sny ub hatrod for it~ Mr, Lixcous locted Fresldent wercly tarough & division in the opposlog purty; und MF, LixcoLs wus ot In favor of the abohition of slavery, but ouly azalnt the oxtensivn of 8. My alstlivuwbed frioud, the late Mr. Morisy, Told e bt 1f & pro-slavery Prealdout bag beaks clected fa Mr, LiNcotn's place, the Nuw Kugland BL: nd not the Bouth, would have secuded: the New Eugland itepublicanis would b ave resiviod the tyraony of the wajonty as Heccoly as the Soutl suslaled, aud with s novler causs, e ——— ‘The Rev. Moxcvue L, Coxway, fo hls latest lotter from London to the Cicinnati Commere ciat, gives an futerestiug aud curions account of tho war party m Englaud. Hu says it embraces the aristocracy with » few exceptions, aud what 1s kuowu as the * govorslug classes,” aud io- cludes the rum-sellers sud ail the loafers, and bumomers, and rabble. Tho suthors ore, &s a class, for peace. Boarca few leadiug Liberals sud Raaicals; but so struogly does public oplu- 1on run agutost them thet so famous an English- man 88 Mr. GLADsSTONM dare uot sppear &t o public meeting, baving recelved privatewara., fuge that if he does 5o he wlll not reach howe alive; *““and,” writea Mr. Coxway, “it L kuown that the threst i3 gevulue” At thy hiave head of the war party t the Queen. Tho mofirs which anlmates her, Mr. Conway beteves o Jenlousy of tho famo of Gem She wants Eogland's famo and pnll." ' to be crowned with mititary glory, S0 segee: 1 her fecling that shic has futerfered very -orlz. ously In politls in order to stimulate the war apirit. The wholo Roynl tawmlly ara strongly of thesame side. Other war forces aro the youn army and navy oflicers, who want glory an promotion; tho depression of trades nud many factures, which would be smulated by war cg penditure; BRACONSFIELD wants n prent Eura pean waras a dramatle conclusion of Iy ad venturous carcer, and his party, the Tand-iojd. Ing Tory party. follow him with ehthnstauy, ‘Lhe war party are called * The Jingoes," frop the song which they have adoptedas the I’.m;]u'h Marsclilaise. Itsfirat lino runs thus: We don't want to ght, bt by Jingo {f wo da, ete, The so-called Queen of the Jingocs, Nameq) beeauso of her zeal for war, I8 the Prinepn Trek, formerly the Piincess Many of Camn Lridge, cousin of the Queen, —— . Distance may lend conslderablo enchantment Lo the view, Lut from this polut of ohservayjy ftscems that Milwaukee whl soon hecome s noted fer the frlendly soclal relations exiaifyg hotiveon her citizens as she has heen fanous for her heautiful location, the fine quatity of pey creamecolored brick, and the excellenco of Ter lager beer, It hns got to bo the eustom there fora citlzen to return to Europo on n visf gy Boon o8 hie gets ducats enough nhead to defray tho expenses, but no one s allowed to dapary without the compllment of a farewelt banquet being tendored to IMm by his ndmirig g gricl-stricken fellaw-citizens. Recently, My, EpwARD BANDERSON, & prominent milier, wns dined and wined by his numerous friends heforg liis departure, and on Saturday cvenlng My, Jonx Jonsstox, a cashicr of one of the hapge was put througlt a simtlar course, for o siijly: reason, at which Gov. SWiTit presided, nnd py which the representatives of all brofesslons aa) ‘pursuita made spceclics, or sang sonus, or drank champagne. Oneof the most oleasing featyres connceted with these oceasfons s the fact hag neither of the rexiplents of these kindly cour- tesles on the part of thelr fricuds and neigh. bors has ever hetd a public offlce of any Kind; and, I {t be true that peace hath her victorles as well as war, 80, too, we may conclude that an honorable busincss carcer fa not withoug upprectation—at Icust in Milwaukee, —tp— e Mr. WatrEnson, tho able editor of the Loulsville Courier-Journa'y 18 In a fit of the dumps. Like 8on0310n, he has been reviewing things, and finds that all ‘s vanity. He fnds that Loufsvillc {s full of faro banks and fiscal inatitutions, and that ono is us bal as thother; that wa live in an nge of demoralized standards ond practices: that **our bustucss relations are eauged by the Almighty Dollar''; thut *our personal -relations are alfeeied by a carrlage and horse, the moro or leas "} anc that » saiva. tion Is reached by processes marked out neither In the Scriptures nor the Koran."* And he eon- cludes: **Who sliall say how it will all endd With the telegrap, tho telephone, and the rall way to hiasten us; with a mongrellzed sullrage to handle us; with no leader or ruler to guide us, Reputilcanisin itself n passags-nt-arms he- tween IsnMAEL and Isusaci—~where ehall we 1o, and what shall we do to be saved! The foundation of things ellps from under us! This {s the worst case wa have scen yer [t could bardly have been between the soup and the watnuts, or between tho walnuts' and the wine. When tho “ foundation of things slips from under us," it fs sugaestivo not of one din. ner, but of o long-continued symposium, ** Whut shall wo do to bo savedi”” Try sods- water, i — In reply to the assertion that If Tirpex had ahuwn pluck he might bave been Inaugurated President and crowded HaYzs out by bluf and audacity, WATTERSON, of tho Loulsville Cour ier~Journal, who was In Congress at the time and behind tho scenes, saya 1t {s not so. We copy from his article of Monday lnst: 1t was not In the books to (nangurate TrLnzyand Huxomioks, Thero was an organizod consplraty bunton reslating Itand having the power (o reslst it Arned revolution alono could set iteolf against Lhie conspiracy; and armed revolution would have buun a bluudur and u crime, Tho asme generation nuver oneages twico [n civil war. Bosnles, the Ueniocrats were practically helpl “Iho only Nurthoen Uepininturo we had was that of the litlo State of Connecticut, that of New Jersoy afters waed turning out tu'be Democratlc by a scraich, Our counsets were divided, We could notact & squadron fo the fiold. GraXT was b the White Mouse waiting, above all things, a row. Ile was sura Lo prott by o alsturbance, for he had both the twols and tha recourcos o ald fiim. Tl South was sutliclontly unttod, but the first gun for Tines wauld have beon the sigual fur & North, substane tially uuited, that, too, on tho old fswue; thesouth wuiild havo beon consigned to the old ruts, and, ln ninety days; republicanlsm fn tho United Ktates would have been atamped out under tho heels of & military uwurpation, Unless & majority of the Nosthern States bud gono for TiLDLN, & was ok pussiblo to seat blw, ————— Tt 18 very evident thut 8am Cox docs not likio tho present high taxation tarlff, and thinks It is a little tou protective for the good of the cun- sumer. In his speech hofore the House tho other day be thus described how 1§ protects” thy Weatern furmer: ‘The tarmer statting for his work has a shoe put on his hure with naile taxed 67 per cent, driven with & hammer taxod 54 por cont, cuts u stlck wiih aknife taxed 60 por cent, hitchies hiv horse tua plow taxed A0 por cont, with ‘clialne tazed 67 per ceat. Horeturns to his ioma at night aud l3ys his wearied limba on & sheet taxed i por cent, and covers hiin- welf with o bianket that baw paid a tax of 80 per cent. 110 recuin the murning, puts ou his huniole flanucl shirt taxed BU per con, hix cout tazvd 0 per cent, whoon taxed 43 per cent, and hat taxed 1 por cent, opens faumily worship with a Jibls tael 3 per cenf, and kneels to his Gon on s carpet tazud 100 per cont, site down to his humble uical from a plute’ taxed 40 per cont, with 6 kufie 4. furk tazed 35 per cont, delika'hle uuul cailes WItlh siiznr taxed 70 por Gent. scanons I food wih walt taxed 150 por cent, pepper, 207 per cent, alh splco 37 por cunt; hy fooks around o ifs und children all taxed In the same way, teked 8 chew of tobacco tazed 100 por cont, und leany Luck In hia chatraud thanky his atars that ho hves 1 thio frevat aud beat Goveramont under eaven. e e — Tt has boen stated that thelate Lord LEITHIG tha ** cruel landiom” who was shot by somcol iy evicted tenants, compelied the keeper v tbo Moain Hotel, who was his tenant, to shut the doors aguinst the late Lord Canrists when ho paid u vislt to the locality and soughl sumtaston tothe tavern over uight. Tho vccentrle leue: which he wrote to the Innkeeper, lmu‘ucllu.‘ Lin to refuso accommodation to the Lor Lieutenant, hins just been made public lhm:lxfl the Loudon press, and wa hero transcribo it i Kana: 1 will be obliged to you to Il xhnblt‘:m with my tensuts forthwith, Lt eyery oou be S copied hnucalately, and continue (o ve wceupitd, and whun vo vccapicd you will refuse aduitisucg {0 Lord Cauviis aud bis party, 18 tiero sbodly Lo the alightest_ diticully as to Blling the botel 4t tho vecupation of tha rovals, wy desiro bn Litd) SU0 #1l cach room with (he workinei; but you st O adnlt Lord Cantiste, sud consequenily 1he ruo. ahiould be Alled provicus t nis coming theit, Y ordors you may tiave recelved nouwiilstand! sely ou your vbserving my wishes (0 "wl.l:uulm P, 8,1 wlll pay for the tenunts usluyg thy Fouwise e t——— — May [s to bo a busy month for the pn“llulflnllli Ou thy 8th the Nationats ot Penusylvanls by their Btate Convention at Philadelphis, oi m»: 15th the Ropublicans of the sawie State mect B Harristurg, aud the Demuocrats u('lu\va j'" dar Kaplds; on the 224 the Iudiana (-reeulf : Lu assemblo at Indlanapolis, and the Penusylvaul ¥ Dewocrats and Prohibitiontats at Pilllb:lri ‘:‘n Altovna respectively; while ou the 20 ?hl Teunessee Democrats will hotd their Julict 2 Convention to nominate five Judss of the Tu E preme Court, and tho Democrats of Alaval will assemble at Montgomery. et e oBN1x's son, NaroLzoN 1V., hovinz bfl.fl drf:n in tho Freneh couscription, Las nvail!ui imself of his privilege sa the ouly sou 1 4 widow to toke bis exemption If hufuml l‘i:fl the patutcuess of tho Third NATOLEON of e wilitary twstinet of the First, the youny b:lw.' wauld have insisted oo bis privileee of o allowed to ecrve o the yaoks hibe auyul e Frenchman. Probably be kuows that the bE1 up. E Tuat b & very ples plau of the Cluclun:lul‘filr quirer's: 1o uvold the possibility of u.x:“m Charleston Couventlun in 1580, by naving Natlousl Committes meet, say fu Baltimore - e duy vet, and cach Btate dedesatlou wee ire, U3