Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 12, 1878, Page 4

. given in our columne this moming on the « toward paying tho interest on the bonds THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: FRIDAY Democratic Secnator from Maryland, the Democrats of tho Senate onght not to feol called npon to give the resolation respactful consideration; there shonld not be a solitary vole cast ngainst tho adversa report which the Jndiciary Committeo will cortainly ron- der unsnimonsly, The Tribne, TENRMS OF SUBSCRIFTION. BY MAIL—IN ADVANCE~~PPSTAGE PREPAID. Datiy Fdition, onc year. . S13. x Tho Ponsion bill as passed by the Honso yostorday contains no provision for abolish- ing the various Poneion Agencies and for the payment of ponsioners from one central offico fn Washington, this clanso of the bill having met with strong opposition from both Ropublicans and Democrats, and having been defeated by a vote of over two to one,—121 to G0 being the vote on the amendment to strike out that scction, and in lien thereof fo fix Lha ealarics of Pension Agonts at 24,000, besides allowances for mnking ont vouchers, expenses, clerk-hire, ote. The Damocrats, still alive to tho noces- sity of undoing some of tho mischief rosult- jug from tho Doorkeeper Lusinoss, roadily foll in with propesition requiring that, Jfrom and after July 1, 1878, none but wonnded and crippled Union soldiors shall Lo appointod ns Pension Agents, and such an amendment was tacked on to the bill, ————— It was hoped that the disappointment of the Domocratio politicians of Ilinois at los~ ing the apoils of ofice had beenso far assuaged by time and good scmse that it would be possible to hold a Btate Convention without * indulging in the onstomary howl about “the monster crime of the ago,"—~A crimo in which the Domoe- in Congress participated, nnd for which they are equally rosponsible with the Republican party. Tho colloction of statesmon and patriots at Bpringfield yester- day proved to be unequal to such an net of seif-dental, and accordingly the *‘monster crime,” ote., {8 daly denounced. The rogu- lar platform of tho Convention contains & fow high bids for tho National support,~such aa demands for tho ropenl of the Resnmption not, for the imposition of a tax on 1ntolli- gence and thrift in the form of an fncome tax, for the taxation of United States bonds and Tressury notes, and for legislation pro- hibiting the employment of conviet labor, For the purposes of euphony, clauses aro ndded favoring a tariff for rovenue only, and opposing suy grantof subsidies by tho Faderal Government. A resolution, however, which tho Illinofa Dem ocratio Convention rofused to adopt, and which it trented with violont contompt, was one reflecting upon the cow- ardico of tho Domocerats in Congress who wero dragooned luto supporting the Confod- erate Fierd as against the Union veteran Snrewps for Doorkeeperof tho Houso. Bat 1-Weekly, ona year. "arteof @ vear, per monih,. Epecimen coples sont 1ree, (lve Tost-Ottice addreas In full, Including State and Sounty, temittances maybe made efther by draft, express, Post-Oftice order, orin reglatered letters, at our risk, TERMS TO CITY SUNSCRIDENS. Dilly, Aelivered, Bunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Tatty, dellvered, Supday nelnded, 30 cents ner week. Addrees THE TIWUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts., Clileako, Tl Orders for the delivery of Titx TRInUNK at Evanston, Englewood, and Hyde Park left In the countiug-roam willreceive promnt attention. e ——— TRIDUNE BIANCH OFFICES. blished branch offices d sdvertisements as Trix CmoAco Tainuxe b for the recelpt of subscriv! follown: ‘NEW YORR—~Ttoom 29 Tribune Dulldiog, F. T. Ma- PapnEN, MaAnager, . PARIS, France—No. 10 itue.de In Grage-Datellere, 11 Manten, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—American Exchauge, 449 Strand. Haxxy F, OiLLio, Agent. BAN FUANCISCO. Cal.~Palace 1fotel. e ———— TAMUSEMENTS, MoVicker’s Theatre. ‘Mudlson otreet, betwecn Dearburn sad Biate, " The Exller.” Hooley’s Theatre. Tiandoiph street, hetween Clark and LaSalle. " The Exlles." Now Chicago Theatre. Clark street, opposita Bherman House, the Bouth * snd varlety performance. » Lite 1o Taverly’s Thentro. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn. Engagemeot of Riralfy's Qpera Douffe Tronpe, ** Trip to the Moon.” ot SOCIETY MEETINGS. ORIENTAL LODGE. No. 33, A, F. & A, 3f.—1iall 722 LaSalle-st, Hpeclal Communication this { Friday) pvening, at 7:30 o'clock, for work on fhe ud Degree. ;\;Ei-‘:sl‘l l’n"\llo'rldllflnlr m.vfifl.l:lll;rrn Visltors frateraslly ‘ or 3 Y g E. N. TUCKER, Becretary, WAURANAIA LODGR, No. 160, F. and A, 3 uiar Communizailon thia (Friday) evening, at 76 Mon- oal, &t 7. Work on the P. C, licgrec. Mem- re aad Visfiors cordially fuvited ta sitend, J. A. STODDAID, W. M, FRIDAY, APRIL 12, 1878, Greenbacks at tho New York Stock Ex. change yesterday closed ot 993 iu gold and silver cofu. . The very latest European advieos indicate that activo negotiations wera in progross, QGermany taking the lead, with aview to roach some undorstanding by which the maln guostions connected with the -Eastern controversy may be submitted to n general Congress, A latent funr appoars to exist that England may be unwilling to submit her grievances to European arbitration at this stage of the negotintions, nnd msy be Inclined to reiso fresh obstacles which will rendor nugatory tho efforts now being mado to reach n scttlement, ; THE REPUBLICAN CONGRESSIONAL CAUCUS flo Jatest Republican cancus held in Whaahington exhibited bettor judgment and moro good fesling than any that has con- veuod during the term of the presont Ad- ministration. Perhaps this is because {t was a mixed ussomblage of Bonators and Ropre- sentatives, Whon the Senators conie togethor nlone, the Sonate privilege of confirming or rojecting nominations mada by the Presidont Is naturally tho mest conspienous thing in mind, ond the constant recollection of this prerogntivo causos tho Sonators to cherlsh o specinl resentment because the President does not dofer to thom in his solections, Tnatend of using theirconstitutional privilege legitimately for the purpose of rojecting un- suitable nomiuations, the desire, strength- enod by long, bad custom, is Lo use it forthe purposo of diotating to, if not actually in. timidating, tho President. In Wednosday's oaucus, however, the gront majority of those prosent were membors of the House who are not inflated and misled by sny such over- renching privilego, and who do not fel that thoy hold a lash over the Prosident, Desides, the two boldest spollsmen—Bramz and Conxuiva—wero absent. Honco the spirit of the meeting was more subdued aud con- clliatory, and wo should not be surprised if it would lead up to o better understanding hetweon tho President and the Ropublican members of Congress, and thus promote greater harmony and unity in tho party thronghout tho country. A mixed committec of Senatoraand Repre- sontatives was appointed, whoso principal bualnesswill be to conlfer with the President upon quentions of party intersst and policy, 'Tho composition of this Committoe warrants tho conclusion that it will not proceed in the implacable and irroconeilablo spirlt which has governed most of the conferenves held by the Republican Senators, and that it doos not sturt out by retting up the '*Machine” s the only politioal idol for party worship, It includos somo warm friends of the Presi. dent, like Ropresontatives Foarxn, Cox, Gan- rixro, MoKz, aud Monzoe, of Ohio, and other moderate men, like Aruison and Priox, of Jowa, wha are in favor of harmony, and iuclino toward reform in the Oivll Bervice and o falr amount of forbearing and concilia- tlon in tho national relations toward the South, Tt is safe to wy that this Committes will not go to the White Ilouse flaunting a red flag, and they will not frot and howl be. cause some of their number fancy they sce o red flag in the hands of tho Presidont, Thero ought to ba no tronble for the Proai. dent and Lis associates to meet theso gentlo men in & usefal confercnce that slsll have tho intercsts of the public servico andthe welfare of the Itepublican party in view, Bonator EpyMunps, who lhna shown so much ability, tact, and wisdom as the Re- publican leador in the Benate during this scsslon, again rendored a notable service in this caucus Ly seouring a roforence of the principal matter in controversy to the Come mitteo, ivstead of leavibg it open for gen. cral debate and au exhibition of sorchead rancor on the part of individuals like Howz, that would have been accredited to the whole caucus, Senator SBanoxnt offered n resolu. tion requesting that the President zescind his order forbidding the participation of Pederal officeboldors in meetings, caucuses, conventions, and committess of m politieal charactor. This resolution was based on the ground that tho rostoration of the Demo- cratio party to power would be a national calamity,—sbout which thero s certaluly no difference of opinion between the President and the Republican Congressmen,—and on the supposition that mnearly all the officchioldors coustruo the Civil-Bervico order to mean that thoy must Lold uloof from parly polities altogether. Benator Epuuwnps, after explaining the con- struction given by Attorney-General Dxv. xx5, scenred a reference of the resolution to tho Commiltee. The result of this reference will probably be that, instead of domandiug or requesting -that the ordoer be rescinded, au official construction wilt be put upon it which will divest it of thé sweeping charac- ter which bas made it 8o obuoxious to all professional politicians, There i3 uo doubt that certain leading politicians hostile to the Prosident have in- tentlonally perverted tho meaning of the Civil-Sexvice order, and bave thus succeedod In conneotion with tho debate in the Ben- ato on the pending bill for tho repesl of tho Bankrupt act tho facts and figures which are sabject of tho administration of bankrupt ertates in tho Northern Distriet of Illinois will bo of gonoral value and intorest. One of tho most sorious defeots in the present law is the opportunity it affords for the in. curring angd ussessing of heavy costs in the shape of foes and exponsos, which in many cagen amouut to 20 per cent of tho entire snm available for division nmong tho cred. itors. ‘I'bis is a branch of the subject that will bear reforming. After n protracted struggle, tho Ohio Bon- ate lina possed the bill permitting the peoplo of Cincinuati ta add $2,000,000 to the §16,. 000,000 alrendy sunk in the Bouthern Rail- rood hole.in-the-gronnd. ‘Ihe Trustees aro requirod to use the $2,000,000 to be raised by tho salo of bonds to open' the rosd to Chattanooga, but tho framors of tho hill wisely forebore 10 guarantee that this sum will suffico for the purpose. 'The most that the Cincinnati taxpayer ean lope for is that not wany more bills of the kind will noed to be passed by the Logislature, and that whon tho rond shall be completed tho sum for which it can bo leased will go a littlo way issued. Tho Aldermen of East 8t. Louls engaged in & contost yostarday which should datract somewhat from their dignity ns oity fathoers, It appears that the Counoil is about evenly divided betwoon what are termed the Bow. wmanites and the Anti-Dowmanites. At aro~ cent eloction the Autls cluim to bave suc. ceeded in elocting two or three of their can. dates, who, it admitted to the Council, would give the reins of power to’that fac- tion, But the **ins "ignored tho certificates of tho now cluimants, and thereupon o pitchod battlo ensued in which clubs, knives, snd other playful imploments were usod with much freodom of action, When the dust of the conflict had settled and the eyes aud noses were called, there wero many members who declined to respond for reasons which to thomselves mppoared suffcfontly walid, ‘Thero {8 no hopo for the Pacific Railroad repudiationists in the House. Tho 'I'munuan bill {5 cortain to pass by amajority rolatively 25 large na that which it roceived in tho Senate, and very promptly, tve, judging from present fndications. The plan an. nounced by Mr, Cox, of New York, in refor- enco to the bill is the one most likely to provail—that of dispensing with any refer. ence to a committee, and of taking the bill from the Bpenker's table and passing it ssit came from the Bounate. There s no nocessity and no excuse for delaying action by ruferring the bill to s committeo; all that possibly can be sald for or agalnst the wensure was said in the couras of the Senate dobato, which, in point of ability and ex. Lisustiveness, bos scldom boen eurpassod, Lest the Iouso pass the bill without dolay, and pat the Railsoad Ring out of its misery, In bis speech sccowpanying the presents. tlon in the Benste yesterday of the Bramm resolution passed by the Maryland Legisla- ture, calling for action by Congress looking toareview of the Presidential question by the Bupreme Court, Scnator Dexnis * sut down upon " the monstrous Bourbon folly ss heavily and effectively as Judge Davis wil do when considering the memorial in the Judiciary Comumittes, to which the subject was by courtesy referred. Mr. Dun- ws, ‘while presenting the joint resolu. ton as a duty imposed upon him by the [ILegislaturo of his Blate, delivered @ manly and esrunest disavowal of anysympatby whatetor with the mischievous movemeant to rvevive the Electorsl controver- »y, and fiatly repudiated the whole business, After such & denuncistion by the senior office than personal devotion nnd efflcient HES President's ordor was aimed at theso nbtuses ent should usa the time belonging to the pntronage appertaining thereto, should not tho sacrifice of 00,000 votes, along with the individual influenco attached to them, because 80 many persons, mostly membersof asiogle party, aro serving the Government. is practicable and proper thot theso persons bo restrained from omploying tho prestige given thom by their Government places to subvert popular governmont by practically dictating pominations in deflance of tho popular will. the Prosidont and the Congressional Commit- tco may lead to a promulgation of the propor construotion to be put upon the Oivil-Servico order, which will provent the Machine lead- ers from making any more capital out of delibernte perversion of ils meaning, and at tha same time give the officoholding clasa all the political privileges which right-minded mon serving the Governmontask or desiro. principal cities of California are at prosont suffering from one of tho worst phases of Communism that bas ever afilicted any part of the United States. We print elsewhers & lotter from Ban Francisco that gives eomo dotails of tho growth and operationa of this organization, koown ns tho party.” It had its origin in hostility to the Chinesa. Irish, Germans, Frenoh, and Bohemians, It haa extended ita hostility to Americans a8 woll as Chineso. the righta of labor ns do Communists evorywhero; in reality, its hand is ngainst society, and its objects aro incondiariam, violenco, mob rule, and plunder. carried on its operations with so high n hand, fulminated its threats so openly, and increased so rapldly, that the press, tho courts, and tho authoritics of San Francisco havo been living under a reign of torrorism, Tho presa has been afraid to donounco the scoundrela Jest the offices might be mobbed. Tho authoritics havo not dared to broak up Tho courts have been paralyzed, and the officers of tho law lLavo hidden thom- solves awny have mode thoir sppesrance, How far thoy have sncceeded in dofying the law- abiding sentiment of tho commnuuity, and how boldly and unblushingly tlhey have {ssued their pronunciamentos and defied the law, may be inferred from tho proceedinga of San Franclsoo papers wera afraid to publish or comment upon for foar of mob violance, munist, advocated tho lynching of a State his dupes to oxterminate tho Chinese, Lut to drivethe Aumoricans out also, aud, if any resist- ormod themselvos, and aro scen upon the stroeta with plstols and shot.guns. The incondiary mootings, but they are afrald to mako sny preparations to resist tho violsuce noss men are seriously talking of closlng up and romoving claowhore, sud {psurance com. of a fire that will Involve widesproad do- struction, in spreading nbroad a general nisapprohion- sion of its pmpose. It waa tho intention of the President to rench and correct tho abuses that had grown out of tha association of officebolders with party polities, whilo tho apostles of the Bachino have sought: to crente the impresaion that {t was his aim to abridge tha political rights and privilcges of the officeholding class, Tho chief nbuses of the Machine syatem wers (1) the employ- mont of tho Government patronsge and in- fluenco to diotale Stato and local nomina- tions, and (2) to"regard political servico of this natare a9 n better claim to tenure of headed tho assassination of Archbishop Dag- por in Paris, and would disperss their ig- norant, howling dupes, Communism would soon cesso Lo flourish. In tho enso of an up- rising of the peoplo against theso scoundrels, or tho vindication of tho law throngh its exocution by military or polics power, these lemlers always hnunt their holes and aseape, leaving their ignorant and irresponsible fol- lowers to suffer. If the people of Ban Fran- ciseo do their dauty in the promises, this scoundrel Kxanwex will soon be in the State’s Prison, and, when ho is there, it will be the end of Commnaism in that city. 'TION LAW, servica in Government omployment, The The announcemont from New York that Bocretary SuenMax has succeeded in locating fifty millions of 4} per cent bLonds for coin m Now York settles all donbt as to the abil- ity of the Treasury Department to maintain the greenbnck ourrency at par with coin, It destroys the possibility of any bank combi. nation to draw tho coin from the Treasury, It ennbles tho Becretary with the silver coin. nge to put the whole Gold Ring at absolute defianco. Tho Bocretary will probably have, with this 250,000,000, as much ns $110,000,- 000 of gold and silver coin at his disposal by Jonuary next, Id that caso, all that will bo necessary to meot any combination against the Govornment will bo to issue sil- vor certificates for bullion and re- celve the certificntos for cnstoms. With an ever nnd rapld increnso of silver coin, o largo proportion of which will bo deposited with the Treasury, the parity of valuo of the greonback and coin mny ba successfully maintmned. Tho wisdom and the imporn- tive necossity for remonotizing silver aro now ovident. Had tho Silver bill not beon passed, overything in tho shapo of property wounld be dwindling in tho proportion that the artl- ficial value of gold would bo incressing. As itis, fgold, which it wns claimed would go up to 108 or 110 upon tho remonctization of sil. ver, is now golling for less than 101, ond on Wednesdny gold was sold in Chicago for 100} in paper,—$8 in gold was worth only $8.01 in paper. Had the Bilver bill not been possed, and the gold cornor broken, the valuo of gold as a measura of the valuo of property would by this time have become so intolerablo that tho necessily would exist for tho ropenl of tho date fixed by law for resuvmption. The fmpossibilitv of resumption on an exclusive gold basis, and the nnnihilation of property valnos inseparablo from nny attempt to farco such resumption, would have furnished the nmplest justification for demanding such re- peal. Dat circnmatancos have changed. Gold hina fallen practicnlly to a par with the green. beck ; the Tronsury aud the conatry isfilling up rapldly ' with metallic money ; gold is so little in domand that it may now ba circnlated fraoly, Tho greonbacks bulngredeemablo in silver, nnd silvor being available for overy parpose on an equality with gold, the nrtificial value of gold is destroyed. There i8 no special uso for it, and it no longer commands o premium. Thore is no moro reason, thareforo, fornow repealing the dato whon grosnbacks will be exchangeable for eilwr or gold coin than thoro isin re. penling tho Inw directing tho coinage of sil- vor. Tesumption may be said to be an ac- complished fact. Tho bottom of tho gold combination has fallen out, and the country no longer suffcra under its domination, Groenbacks are at par, and no ouo domands cithor their withdrawal or thelr redemption, Tho 1st of January will find greenbacks at par, aud of course noeding 1o redomption, ‘o law, therefore, should be allowed to stand, pot bocauso of its requiremont to ro- sumo, but booause it fs necessary to legalize tho rosumption which will have already been in practical oporation. Toroponl the law now will be in the intorest of thoso who will have gold tosell, It will rovive the Gold Ring swhich has been broken. It will at oncoe give gold a promium over irredeomablo papor, whon, it tho law stands, papor will be ro- doomnble on domnnd, ana will thereforo pot Lo presented for rodemptlon, Thero will be nothing to gain by receiving coln for paper, becauso forall practicable’purposcs the paper will have an equal mouney valua with the coin, besides the great sdvantage of boing portablo and couvenient, ‘The friends of tho greenback and of silver sy congratalate themsolves on their great substantial vietory, aud should not frittor it away by any action logally debasing the value of the greonbacks, nnd sought Yo mrrost thew. It meant that 10 person holding office under tlio Govern- Government in tho interest of personal pol- itics, and that the influence winch naturally attaches to 8 Government position, and the be omployed for running primarics and pack- ing conventions to the practical exclusion of tue people from tho choice of thoir own State, Legislativo, Congrossional, couuty, and munjolpal representatives, It is not practicable to disassociate the official class from the politics of this coun. try to the oxtent that tho Civil-Service employes in England are separated from the politics of that country. It would be con. trary to tho spirit of our Government to de- prive any man of his political rights be- canse he §g in thoe Government service, aud party interests are too importaut to afford But it It is probable that a consnitation botween ALTFORNIA COMMUNISM. Han Francisco and many other of the ‘' KeasNcy Its membership 18 made up of It claims to defend It has the incendiary meotings or.arrest tho leadors, whanever the, Kearnoyitos tho meeting which are printed in the letter to which wo have roferrod, and which the At this meeting Keanyey, the leading Com- Senator who had dared to domounce tho rufflanism of tho so-called * Workingmen'a party " of California, 1lo not only urged LA A — THE RESOURCES OF RUSSIA. Tho ergumont often advanced that Russia will not be ablo to stand against England for want of monoy and erodit is not woll founded. Thoro s no instance in history of n great peoplo resolved upon war uuable to conduct it. Consider the circumstances of the OCoufederncy when it declared war. Without the form of a governmont at first, nnd corsequontly without revenue; dosti. tuto of tho credit necessary to offect large lons, bocauss including a uumber of bank- rupt States; figlting for an institation and {deas nbhorrent to modern oivilization,—it was, nevertholess, able to rosist for four yoars the vastly superior foroe of the United Btates, During the greater part of that period it required the United Btatos to keop in the field an srmy of 500,000 wmen, which is a larger force than Ruesla has thus far employed ; it involved the National Gov. ornment in a dobt approximuting $3,000,. 000,000, and it was only conquored at last by an exhaustion of ite supplies of mon, Unlimited credit conld not have changed the result unless it had been used to bring mner. cenarles inlo the country, sud even these would have heen of doubtful value, The ex- perience of tho War of Iodopendence s still moro conclusive. The Amiorican army was without shoes to thoir feot or coverings to thelr heads; they had not the means to buy forage or provisions ; they were uupalid, olinost unfed, and yeb they triumphed. As much may be said of the revolutionary urmies in France. They quelled the formid- sblo uprisings of La Vendoe at home and beld Europe in check abroad without money or credit, and under a system of govern. ment which drove these out of tho country, NavorzoN had very little dobt when he was sent to Bt. Helena, yot he had waged extensive wara for hall a generation. Still another illustration of a war valiantly con- tested without money or credit iv afforded by the recent example of tho Turks. They nade a stubborn resistance, and wers over- cowoe at last, not for the want of money, but for the want of men. They somehow ob. tained meaus to buy powder aud jmproved muskets in the United Btates, Kzurp guns in Gormany, and vessels of war In England, When the war closed thoy had an abune dance of all munitions neccssary to carry it on. Too little attention hos been paid to one kind of rosources, of which ®ussia has an sbundance. Bhe has population, exclusive of her Asiatic possessions, of 70,000,000, 8he can afford an exponditure of Luman lite in her own defense tho were wention of which would be appalling in Great Britain. anoe wero made, to flro the olty, Undor his instructions the mombers of his party have poople of the city are turrorized. The autborities not only do not break up these that is threatencd, Tho yesult is that busi. panies are ralaing tholr rates in suticipation There was & time when tho 8au Franclsco Vigilance Comumittesa would have promptly suppressed Kzanney and bis mob, Porliaps the splrit of vigllanco is not altogotlier dead yot, sud the old Committee, when the timo comes, may rouso itsolf and do its work over agaln with tho same power and promptness that made it o terror to thioves and scoun. drels years ngo. Tho mistake mande by the city anthoritica was in.allowing this move- ment to gain such beadway, 1t should have boen supprossed at the vory outset. Kean- nex should havo boon in tho Stato Prison before this time, aud that would have boen the end of hisrabble of fereign ruffians, who aro now defying tho law and throatening tho lives and property of citizens of Han Fran. asco, because they have Liad the misfortuns to bo born in this country aud of American paronts, The way to suppress Communlsm is to supprosa ita lenders and thereby pro. vent it from spresding. When it is allowed to gathor such head that it can sct the law at deflance and organizo its schemes of incen. diarism and pluuder, then it involves serious loss of lifo and bloodshed, In csse tho San Francisco mob attempty to carry out ita threaty, of course sooucr or lator (he mob will be put down, itit takes thewholo power of the country, When that time comes, the ruffian Keauxey should be the first vietin of the popular wrath, if the Vigilance Com- mittee takes tho scoundrels in band. If tho officers of the law do their duty, then he should be the first man at the gallows, Aako short, sharp work of tho leaders, and their disreputable rabble of followery will soon elt away. It is time that Com- wunism fu tho United Btates should bo suppressed, and there fs no better timoe to do j¢ than now, bofore it has geined suy fornidable headwsy and before popular in. dignstion rises to such a pitch that it wroaks bloody vengeance upon theso forcign wretches. If tho officers of tho law would promptly arrest and imprison such turbulent Communistic brawlers as Keamwxy in San Francisco aud Mxox in New York, who ‘which those wars involved, she is about to -be diverted,—one part to take its way to tha APRIL 12, 1878 carnently directed to this tonic, an the ouo of greatest concern fo oar commerclal position and growth, With an abnndant wheat and oats harvest, supplementea with the largecorn cropof 1874, and, with tho nttenetion of 8 low watar commusication with the reabosrl. wo were Jnstitled In anticipating # considurablo incrensa ingeneral recetpts of graln. That thin expectation haa not been realized 43 to be attributed 10 such aijustment of rail ratesnt poinls weal of us as in effect, diseriminate aqainet Toledo. It may or may not bo information or com- forting to thoss who are speculating on the down(all of Chicago, aud who are quarrcling 08 to who shall administer on our grain trade, 1o know that naver in the history of this city was Clicago so deeply nnd extansivaly doal- ing in grain as it ianow, Tho amount of grain brought to this city and inspocted here in greater or lesa nccording to tha rates of froight to this city as compared with other points, but the grain trade of Chicago is no longer confined fo tha receipta in Obicago warohonses. Of tha grain brought to Chica. go porhaps two.thirds have been bought and paid for by Ohicsgo befors belng siipped liero. Any man in the Northwest holding graln can find representativo of Chicago ensh in hnnd willing to buy and pay for the grain on tho spot. The capital to pur. chage grain is unlimited jn OChieago; and the 8t Loww mon visiting Iowa, Minnasots; Nebraska, or elaawhere, with $400 or $1,000 to make contracts for grain, will fiud o Chiengo man at every sta. tion preparsd to purchaso sll the grain offared for sale, and prepared with the cash o payforit. All over the West the grain in store {8 largely nlready Chicago grain, the property of dealers in this aity, and this grain is sold here, ond is shipped, sccording 1o tho varintions of railroad froights, direct to this elty, to Philadelphia, to New York, Doston, Baltimore, Toledo, or any other point where the purcheser may wish to have it go. The buying Is done by Ohi- cago hionses, through their agonts ncattered all over tho grain districta; it is paid for and atored whero purchasod, ond shipped thonce by the orders of the owners byany route or to any polut where the rates of freight may offer advantnges. Tho discriminations in railroad froights ngainst this city. have not reduced the amonnt of the groin irnde; thoy may lave divertod some grain which otherwise would have como hero; but tho groat bulk of the grain sent ‘‘around Chicago,” or sup- posed to bo taken from this city, is Chicago- owned grain, kept in atorowhon bought, and shipped thonea ‘*around” Ohicago, this aity ronping the premiums and reductions of froight offored by those who labor to Lreak up thetrada of thia city. So longns Chicago has tho mouoy to purchiase the grain nt tho local warehonses and railway stations, it must be master of thetrade, It makes no difforenco to the trado of this city whether Chicngo has 20,000,000 bushols all in wareliouse in this city, or ona-half heroand tho other half in locnl warehouses along tho lines of oll the railways in tho West, In the latter cose, our merchauts are ablo to meet either condition of rallway freighits, 1If tho railways will take tho grain from Minnesata diret to Buffalo for less than they will bring it to Chicago, then our morchants avail themaelves of the privilego of pocketing tho protit, aud lotting the rail- vonds and others hug tho dolusion of how axtonsivoly they are injuring Chicago. In- stead of being confined to warehouscs within tho city, Chicago has now s warehonso at every point whoro grain may be purchasod, and makea delivery from any point to any other point to which freights can bo had on the beat terms, When Doetroit, Toledo, Bt. Louls, or any otlier city, town, or villago, wishes to acquire tho grain trade of Ohicogo, this aty will supply thom with all the grain they can pay for, und, If dusired, will stipulate that not a tushel ahnll bo drawn from any warshouse in the city. Asa fitting conclusion, we ap- poud the following from tho Now York World of Mouday, The figures do not include the Ohicago grain sent ** around Clioago s F'rom the valualle statiatics complled by Messrs. Ruros Laten & Co,, Wo make the following con- densod statement of 'the receints of breadstuts and hiogs at Chicago for the first quarter of tho past four years, nud have addcd a calculation of pere centages, taking 1876 us pars grain,on, 1a1s, MG T 8, 1878, Anuary, 3008 101,613 4360233 8,147,843 ‘ebruary 8,117,043 4,034,331 8,271.0%3 o2 atch, .. 4104870 SWNGTH 61 2 7,470,073 amunth 10,620,470 17,803,707 This popnlation, moreover, has vast proporty of some sort, and its property, as well as its lives, is absolutely at the disposal of tle Emporor. If England goos to war with Russin, the first step for the Iatter will be tho suspension of payment on its dobt, The noxt step will be tha lovying of honvy taxes, nll of which will sacredly be devoted to the proscention of the war, The third atep, il it shall become necessary, will be the levying of foroed loans, Long before this expedi- ont was resorted to, the war would probably bo conclnded. Dopending upon the patriot- fsm of the people and the trensures of the nobility, the Emperor would be able to make n dofeneo that England would be compatled torespoct, When peace camo, the back.dus {nterest could e fonded. What with in. demnities in money and tertitory, and the prostiga likely to follow a suceessfal war, it is questionsble whethor tha credit of the Empire would not be better then than itis now. What, in tho meantime, would be tho condition of Groat Britain ? It would atart with ‘the thoory that British gold was nx good as Russian flesh and blood. Its cam- paigns would be condnoted at enormous ex- pense. Tho British soldier is the most ex- ponsive luxury in Christendom. Mo must ba well-fod, wall-drossed, woll-paid, decently killed and buned. If he isnot accorded theso privileges, particularly tho lnst, he grumbles and makes trouble for the Gov- crnment, The transportation of supplics aud menwould bo an enormons item, the manner of convoyanco for the distanco boing almost without precodent for so lnrge an army. ‘The navy, with itsarrayof for pedo-boats, would consume many millions of pounds, Then there would bo n system of subsidios by which other nationalities would be induced to espouso tho English cause. It is hardly overstating the cnse to eay that at tho end of the war England would have doubled her debt; and, supposiug the war to be conducted strictly on tho defensive, ne it probably wonld be, Russia wonld not be driven back oven to hor own frontiers, National bankruptey wonld be a contingenoy not remote or improbablo if the strug- gle were unusunlly long. Tho pitting of money against men monuns o hoavy ex- penditure of both, for each sido will bo wasteful of the sinew of war of which it has on abundance. Ina war between England ond Russia, the former wonld be economieal in the use of men, the lattor in the nse of money; the formor would spemd money freely, and the Iatter bo prodigal of human life. In the end onch would be proved cul- pably oxtravagant of that which it had tho least motive to save. ‘Why, then, sinco tho disparity of resources is not great, should England go to war with Russia? Thisin the question which Princo GonTacuaxory has addressed o Lord Savts. nuny, the roply to which is now anxionsly awaited. Bach a war ouglht not to be lightly undertaken, It involves interesta of miore moment to Great Britain than the ndvance of Russio through Asia to India. When In- dia s sttacked, it will be time to cry out. TRussla, which s sproad out over half of Asia and Europe, {s hersolf moroopen to attack than India, The interforonco of Great Britain, under the circumstances, wonld be an act of national folly. Thore ia 1o reason why whe should ever intorfore in Continental affairs that do not immediately concern her; why, for instance, sho should havo formed tho great alliance with Naro- zzoN, which cost her, first and last, $2,500,- 000,000, and brovght hor in no corrospond- ing benefit, Now that she hes just begun to lift hor head under the burden of taxation would take in a lump betwoen $175,000,000 and $200,000,000 out of the Treasury, not upon tho asking of the pensionors themeolyos, but at the instanca of claim.ngents, wm; undoubtedly would have pockated a Inrge pronortion of the amount. Notwitbatanding the immenso amount of money involved, thy conflict of the bill with all the exiating lawy on the payment of pensions, and tho unjusy and predatory character of the mensures out of atotal vote of 221 thers were lnum; 146 Congressmon who voted for it with out debate or consideration. As the bij Incked the necessary two-thirds of those voting, it wns defeated, but the persistent and vorasions claim-agonts will ronew it at the very firat opportunity, and they wiy anccoed in erowding it through it taxpayers do not maka their wishes known in gomg very omphatio manaer to iheir represonta. tives, No one will oppose this mensnre ont of lostility to the pensionera of the War of {he Rabellion or their heirs, or from any dispasl. tion to belittle their services or deprivo them of n fair and equitabls remunoration forsery- ices, The Government cannat bo Loo grate ful to its defenders, but there is a reasonabls limit oven to gratitude. But this Comaninag domagogne bill proposes to eatablish a new principle and a new practico, It propossy to make donstions to pensionors of 3100 to $1,600 apiecs for tho time intervening be. tivoen the date of their discharge from the army and their application for pension reliat! Did demagogism and utter disregard for tha rights of taxpayors avor go so far ag this proposed grab? The law is, that when a mian who has served in the Union army finds hia health st any time thoroaltor bogin to fail, and thinks that he oan trace the cause of it back to hiy army life, ho makes npplication for a pen. sion. Ho is examined by doctors, and, upon their certificates and such other proot as the law roquires, his name is placed on the ponsion rolls, nod ko begins to draw money from the Treasury. But the Cos aryos bill proposes to confor ponsion money upon him befora he bocame niling or fesbls, and whilo his health waa good and his strongth unimpaired, sud during the timo that ho hnd no intention or oxpectation of aver becoming a public chargo on the country through the Pension Office. Tho whole con. trivanco is n gort of ec post faclo contrivance to doplete the Troasury and blood the tax- payors in order that cortain Congrossmen may bo re-electod. This back-grab for pen- sions is but one of scores of similar bills calling for money to be extrnoted from the people's pockots. Thoy have beon introdus. ed at a time when hunidreds of thousands of mon can find no employmant; when timea oro hard nnd business deprossed, and poople oppresaed to Taize money to pay thelr taxcs, But what care demagoguos for tho suffering and distroas of tho mnsses? Without taking the millions involved in this schomo of plunder into acconnt, the bill introduced by Mr. Cusnninos could not have baen carried out without increasing the national debt 200 millions, and levying tares to pay tho interost, which tho soldiers them. solves wonld have to help pay, If thatbill had passed, thoro could have been no excuse for refusiog to pass other bills of & similar nature. The Bouthern DBrigadiers could havo domanded with somo show of con sistoncy that their 75,800 Mexican and Indian war peusioners should go upon the rolle. If back pay had been voted to tho Northern pensioners, tha proposition of tho demngogties to date back the Robellion, so that additional time might bo allowed on Southern clafis, would not have beon altos gothor incousistent, Tho question thatoce ours, in view of those persistent and out. rageous attompts to bankrupt the Treasury, is, Have taxpayers have any rights? Are they not to be consulted? Aro they to have no voico in the disposition of their own money? Have not those who ocarn their moneyes good a right to say what shall bo done with it as the voraclous combination of clim- agents and Congressmon? If thoy do hare auy rights, it Is about time that they asserted thew, sud lot their roproscntatives know, in the most emphatio manner, that this reck- plungo Into anothor mora costly and doubt. ful war. There was & justification for the Orimoan war, when Constantinoplo did in truth cover tho ronto to India; there is and can bo no justification of a warwaged moroly for o polnt of pride, to achieve no substan- tial national purposs. THE * DECAY OF CHICAGO." Some wonths ago a vessol salled from New Orleans with o+ cargo of grain for Earope, and the 8t Lonis papors issued dounble.sized supplements, announcing with stunning W0 1,344,058 black lotters, *Tho Now Birth of 8t. | 4laun i less, profligate, and criminal waste of the Louls"; * Tho Grawn Trado Rovalutionized"; | ¥obeith 131 143 e 55542 | publio moaey shall bo stopped. #Qbfeago Golng Out Like a Candlo”; *The | M*oh s 2. £ 40,000 COLLEGE DEBATING SUCIETIES, An attempt hns recontly been mado to re- vive the two old dobating socletios of Yalo College,~the Linonia and the Brothers in Unity. The Livonia hns been put on ita Grain of tho Country to De Drought to 8t. Louis, and Thence Bont to All Parts of the World"; “Nino Hundred ond Eighty-five Bushols Rocolved Yesterday"; **Hejoical Let 8t. Lonis Awake to tho Glory nt the w [ 500408 3342713 4.704,503 arandw: DAL B4 24 15 141 400 13,404,283 570,252 P:"lfll‘:‘}“ ‘1?"’) ?‘é‘:a L TN 2 15844 Hour.” Tho groat point fn all this was the | Fhmas ianie gaaiy 4m3% Bm0% | legu, chiefly through tho exertions of tho satlafootion with which the downfall of Chi. | Mercti: 2R _zsnr w310 | Faculty; but it doos not show any decided cogo was anticipated. 1t Chicngo were ont { Sunthe 1,83 OTT - LOlGam disposition to stay thero, One of the first of tho way, thon Bt Louls would be. come the graln market of the conn. try, and the vision of ocean stenmers on the Bllsslssippl rose up for the thousandth time to dazzle and delude the crodulons paople of Bt, Louls, The argu. mont i that the railronds of the United Btatos are engaged in a consplracy against Bl Louls and in favor of Ohicago, aud henco it {s beonuse of thess railroad discrim- inations that the Northwest pours its troas- ures into tho lap of Chicago, and ignoresthe ‘beautifal oity on the river side which has never yet boen visited by an ocean atonmer! ‘The changes on this question of railroad dis- crimination against 8t. Louis have heen rung incegsantly, and the depariuro of & veascl from New Orleans with grain was welcomed as another independence, with bonflrea and cannon, processions and fire-orackers, and the inevitable night of sovero drinking. Porhaps the beat commentary upon thess clamors of Bt. Louls {8 a wail recontly ivsnod by tle pross of Detroit. Itis insisted that, werae it not for the unjust discriminations by the railroads, Detroit and not Ohicago would be tho grest grain market of the United States, and that the nataral position and advantages of Datroit are all vialently disve. gerded by the rallroads in order to build up and maintain the wealth and business of QOhiesgo at tha cost and exponsa of Detroitl The various journalists of New York, Boston, and other Eastern cities, who think that the strong advocacy of silver remonetization by Chicsgo merits an awful retribution, have taken up the cry that the grain trade has, must, and ought to leave OChicago. These people have predicted’ the down. fall of Chicsgo, M& dopopulation, the abandonment of its warehouses and dwellings, and its general bankruptoy. As preliminary to all this the grain trade was to mootings ufter the reorganization wosa fail- ure for want of a quorum. Anotlier mesl- Iug was held lsst Weduesday, snd all the big men of the Collogo wero enlled out to make it a sucovss. President Vonren presided- Prof. Barowin, Prof. Sounzs, and other membors of the Faculty spoke, , There were also addresses by n number of old gradustes, who had cbundant rewminiscencos of the so- clotiea as they existed in their palmy days. ‘Clio slgnificanco of this meeting lics in {bo faat that it celobrates tho downfall of the collego debating societies, We do not at* tach sny importauce to these extraocch- sions, for it is evident that the hoarts of the students are not in tho attempted revival All the onthusisum for the socloties 13 amoug the Professors aud old gradustes, snd thelr enthusissm is a survival of old recollec- tions end prefudices. Tho students card nothing for the societies. ‘They have found other vonts for tholr superfluous eloguunce. Moat of them belong to souret sccietiey, It which tho' most important exorclics &0 connected with the initiation of new mem- bory, and ‘¢ good-fellowship,” a4 distine guishod from good-kuowledgeship, is exten- sivaly practived. Debate Is no longer an Amoriosn college sccowplishuent- Wessten, Wisr, Evengrr, aud Cuoats were traiped in debating soclutict. The learued Dr. Woorsuy once declussd tbat he gob more good from tha de Lating socioties fn Yale Colloge tuan {from all other sources combined. ~OaLUOUN Wa3 in his day, a disputed boue of contention betwoun the two socletios of Yale, each walutainiug that it bad the bonor of gradue atiug i, W, M. Evagts was 8 distine gulshed member of & Yulo debating suciety. Jeiu recorded that he wrote out **Demots thunes ou the Crown” in tho origius), and turned it back iuto English, fn_order to per foct Lis oratorical gifts, Ho did not, 83 0ué of the eponkera aptly rcwarked, cultivate PENSION RAI1DS. Ono of the most serlous dangors now threntoning the country is tho alarming pros. puct that the devotion of Congressmen to tho {nteroata of claim-ngents will firut doplote the pockets of the tnxpayers and thon bankiupt the Lronsury, No one questions the services rondered to this country by its soldiors, and no patriotic msu would scek to depreclate thew, but it is o little siguificant that the majority of thrso ponsion billa are introduc- ed by mewbers whoso torms ars nonrly out, and it ia stilt more aignificant and to the pur. posa that a large pazt of thie money which it is proposed to grab out of tho taxpnyors’ pockets wounld Ro, not to soldiers or their helrs, but to the vorasious lobbyists or clalm. ngents who wwarm like gadfiiew fu Washe iugton, A bill of thia character was fntroduoed in tho Tfouse on tho Bth jnst., by Mr, Cuse avos, of Tows, ‘Fho title of the Lil roads A bill to provide that all pensions which have been granted, or which shall hercaftor bo grauted, on account of death, or wounds, or diseuso vontracted in tho servica of the United Btates duriog the late War of the Lebellion, uhall commence frowm tho dute of doath or discharge from the service of the United Btates.” ‘Tho first section provided that the atrears, which under the bill wonld bo for an aversge of seven years, shall be computed at the same rato per mouth as that upon which the pension was originally granted, Tho sccoud section provided for tho payment of the back pay to all liviog pensiouors, or, where pensiouers havo died, to their legal heirs. Tho third section re- pealod the limitation of five yeors in thie case of pensiona not prodecuted to a succesiful jusue within that period from the date of filing the sanw, aud tha last section repealed all previous legislation that oufiicly with Mississippi River, and thence by way of 8St. | anything in the bill, Louis and New Orleans to tho East and to | Of all the schemes that have boon organ- | his prosent style iu Yale. "‘h”’:"‘ "}',’,': Europe; and the other part wes to fluda | {zed by claim-ageuts to get their handa into Lis sntences were very & 0‘; i centro at Toledo, which city was to become | {he Publio Treasury this waa the boldest, aud, [ other side of the Atlautic furnis! examples of early traiuivg in college debate iug socloties not less illustrious. GLADSTONEy Macavtay, Prxc, snd, in ll:nl, ne“l:f :':nr; Eoglish spoaker of whom we hav 5::::«. ficqusxl:i‘rhm habits of clear sod concisa statement in the Oxford or the Cam~ bridge Unions. But ll this is now changed “Ju Eugland as well a5 in America the glory of dobiato s departed. ‘Tbsre i 5o instite- the future Chicago. Wo have before us the annual report of the trade and commerce of Toledo for the year ending Dec. 81, 1877 The Booretary of the Produce Exchauge, after giving the figures showjog & large de- clina in the grain trade of the year as com- pared with 1876, thus comments : The deficiency 1n our Tecelpta of grain, beretofore referred to, will be found more fully voalyzed In connection with our graln tavles. ~Attention is if it becowes o luw, will bo tho heaviest blow the tazpsyers have ever received. Therearenow 232,000 pensionerson the rolls, to whow there have been paid durlug the past five vears about §30,000,000 anuually,— o sum twice as largo as Englaod, Frauge, or Russis pays, and five times a3 large a9 soy other Eurvpean Power, even addiog the clvil to the military aud naval service. Tbis bill