Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 21, 1878, Page 4

The Tribane, TERMS OF SURSCRIPTION. TY MATL~IX ADVANCE—PO! oy Eaition, one year. . mont Tiierars wnd “Teeligtons Ti-Weekly, one yes Partaof avear, per moni WEERKI, One eopy, peryen ® 130 T oF Forr. e b Bpecimen coples sent tree. Glve Post:Omce address In full [ncluding Stateand County, Remitiances may be made elther hy draft, exnress, Fost-Office order, or In reglstered letters, at our risk., TERMS TO CITY BURSCRINERS, Tally, delivered. Sunday excented, 23 cents per weok. Latly, delivered, Eunday fnclnded, 80 cents per weck. Adéren THE TRIBUNE COMPANRY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sta.. Chicago, Il Orders for the delivary of Tir TRInTx= at Eyanaton, Epglewood, and flyde Park left {n the counting-room Wilirecelve promot sttention. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, Tire Cnicaan TRINUXK has establtehed branch offices for the recelpt of subscrintlons snd sdvertisements as 'M\""‘" 3 F. T. Mo~ B YORR~—TNoom 29 Tribwne Bullding. Fanves, Mansger, PARIS, France—No. 16 Rue de Is Grange-Datellere, 1L Manves, Agents LONDON, Eng.—American Exchange, 449 Strand, Texey F. Gi Agent. BAN FRANCISCO, TAMUSEMENTS. MeVieker's Theatre. Madison street, between Dearborn and State, * A Celebrated Case," by the Unlon Bquars Company, Hoolcy’s 'I'lltn;re.- A Taate Randoiph sireet, between Clark and LaSalle. togsgement of Sothern, *'A Crushed Tragedian. New Chicago Theatre. Clark sireet, opposite Sherman House saent of Laverly's Minstrels, Engages Haverly’s Theatre. 2 Montoe street, corner of Dearborn. **Aladdin.* Colisenm Novelty Thentre. Clark reet, opposita Court-llause, Varlety per: ‘ormance. McCormick Tall. North Clark street, corner Kinate. Woltsohn Testl- monlal Coneert. THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1878, Greonbacks at the ‘Now York Stock Ex. chango yosterdny closed at 98}, Bararp Tarror was banqueted Iast even. ing by the Gorrne Club, of New York, in honor of his appolntment as Minister to Ber- lin. A distinguished company participated in person and by way of letters of rogret. Cardinal McCroskEr, who has been, eccle- sinstically speeking, barelended ever since hio was mado a Prince of the Church, is go- ing to get his bat. Pope Leo XIIL will im- provo the opportunity to bestow in person the ono missing articlo in a fall Cardinal's outfit, The Legislature of Wisconsin adjourns to- duy at 11 o'clock n.m. Probably no previous Assembly in the Stato has Inbored more in. dustriously ot the immonse smount of special legislation made aunnally nocessary through tho fanlty charactor of an antiquated Consti- tution. An extenviad um’l-—u—m»c}u;l roport of the important conference of Tuesday botween tho Socretary of tho Treasury and the Sen. ato Financo Comuwitteo Is telegraphed from Washington, and will attract very goneral attention, Bacretary Suenaan has itnproved o valuable .opportu. nity to demonstrate to the people of the United States that ho will cordially nequiesca in their commands and give the fullert pos- sible effect to the law restoring tho silver dollar to the currency of the country. e The wedding of the Earl of Roseneny and Miss Hanyan vz Rormscustp occurred in London yesterday in quiet and unostenta- tious fashion, considering that tha groom is 8 DBritish Peer of distinguished ancestry, while the bride is worth $25,000,000 In hor own right. It is remembored that no Iady of Hebrew faith nud extraction hos ever beforo beon privileged to woar the coronet of a Peercss, An iutercsting skotch of the wedded pair, their antecedents and their present and prospective belongings, is given in our dispatches this morning, — A Viennn correspandent professes to give o summnry of tho terms of tho definitive treaty of peace. It is ropresonted that the territorial pains of Montenegro are twico what thoy would have been on the basis of things possossed at the time the armistice took effect ; that Bervin is increased to the southwest, aud Dulgarin extends further went than at first roported. From the many omissions in this summary it would appear that the correspondent at most got only a hurried glance at the treaty, and was obliged todrop it and run before he cams o the most interesting parta, “The Democratic oconomists of the House yesterday tried bard, by the aid of n parlia. mentary trick, to concenl the evidences of their failure to accowmplish anything of con- scquonce in the way of retrenchment, The Deticiency bill, which eame up for final action yesterday, is tho product of thefr economic splurge of a year ago; the snma which they refused to vote them, and which were blazoned through the land ns reductions, aro embraced in thia bill, They tried to chango its title, the word *“Deficiency " befng too plainly ex. pressivo of tho true facts in the case; but the movement failed throngh the unwilling. nesy of u small number of consclontious Democrats to depart from sound legislative precedent in order to perpetrate a confidence gomo upon the people. ‘The Hoard of Education makes slow work of reducing school expenditures to corre. spond with the necossities of the case, and have postponed the matter until the next meeting. A strong opposition has been excited in tho loard by the very sensible proposition that, in order to do the least injury to the greatest number, the reduction should begin at the top, with the higher-sala- ried officers and employes, and oporate upon the High School and the ornamental branches in the grammar schools, such as musio, drawing, sud German, rather than shorten the school year, and thereby make the reduc- tion fall where the greatest harm will be done. It some of the members of the Board could once get it into their heads that the city is in a tight place for the time being ouly, and that the ornamental luxurles can Le lopped off for a year or two, there would be no difficulty in adjusting the system and scale of reductions, —— ‘The full text of the Lake.Front bill yes. terdny reported to the Houss by the Com- wittee on Public Buildings and Grounds is given in our Washiugton dispatches. The preamble of the bill recites the facts of the origival dedication by the Secretary of War of that portion of the Fort Dearborn Alili. ‘CHE "CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1878, tary Reservation now in dispute, and de- claren it to have been the manifest intention of the Government to donata to the City of Chieago the lands and the streets and nlloys; whilo the ennctment itaclf conveys and releanes to the oity all the right, title, and interest of the United Btates in the property described, at the snme time leaving unimpaired any and all rights which may have been nequired by individaals. If the Land.Office Commissioner had been gnided in his hearing by the spirit of equity and justice which characterizes this Dbill thers would ha no question of individual rights in« volved #o far as the VALEXTINE scrip sharks are concerned. A number of Boston publishers interested in monthly and quarterly periodicals have potitioned Congress to modify the Postal Iaws in such A manner that the rates shall be uniform at all offices, All publications ex. copt weeklies now pny a higher rate at the office where published, if it is n lotter-carrier office, thau for transportation and delivery at sny other office in the country. The chief objection to tho change rnised in Washing. ton is that it wonld result in flooding the lotter-carrier offices with dmly newspapers intended for city delivery. 'This objection is groundloss for the following remsona: (1) The letter-carriora cannot deliver morning papers early enough to meet the demands of subseribers. T Tnwuxe now roaches all its subscribers before breakfast. It could not, under the most favorabloe circumatances, reach them before 0 or 10 o'clock it deliverod by carriers. (2) The cxpenso of delivering o partionlar paper to a particular porson would more than counterbalance the sav. ing in postage, Ny the prosent sys. tem, all the expenses of mailing are dono away with, and each snbscribor gota not a particular paper, but the one that happens to be most convenient for tho car. rier. (3) As a mattor of fact, Tug Tninune now sends by mail to all subscribers who in- dicate their proferenco to be o served. The result is not the flooding of the mails, nor even the sending of any considerable num. ber of papers to city subseribors in this manner. In the case of country subscribors, Tax Taisune wonld prefer to send by mail rather than through the nows agents, for on each subscription mado directly to tho offico it saves tha profits of middlemen, which nro nearly donble tho annual postage. It is perfectly clear that Congress may reliove tho penodical publishers, it 1t chooses, withoant imposing upon the Government the duty of newspaper carriers in largo cities, — PROTECTION AND SUBSIDIES. Tho country is suffering from too much protection sgainst foreign compotition. The Governmeont is a loser to the extent that for- eigu manufactures havo been excluded on which a ressonable tariff would have contrib- uted a considerablo rovonue. The country is a loser to the oxtent that American com- merco with foreign nations is prostrated, and tho profits of the carrying trade surrendored to othiers. The consumers are losers in being compelled to pay exorbitant prices, of which the excoss Is equivalent to prohibitory dutios that might bave baen divided between tho Government and tho people. Tho manufac. turers aro losers becauso, having glutted the liomo market, thoy aro shut out by their own folly and greed from forelgn markets, The most natural and reasonnble means for coun- ternoting the injury dono to the country by this falso and pernicious system of protection would be to abandon it. Instead of this, the protected clasucs say to the Government: *¢ Now that the force of protection has been exhnusted, give us tho stimulant of sub. sidies,” Theywant tho Government to open foroign markets to them by paying tho cost of transportation to othor countries, which will enable them to keop up their prices at home, 3r. Jomx Roacm, the ship-builder, hns been put forward to wedge an opening for tho new bounty. Ho hns mado n contract with the Drazilian Government to run a monthly line of steamers from Now York to Rio Janeiro for ton years. Thero is every roason to belicve that he would not have mado such a contract without securing from Brazil a practical guarantes against loss. Nevertheless ho appears beforo Congress for additional bounty, and a msjority of tho Honso Posl.Office Committes, muder tho londership of 3r. Wanpery, of North Caro- lina (whoso brothor issald to be a member of the Pacific Mail lobby), recommends n subsidy of $30 per mils per aunum for a monthly line of stenmers from New York, and auother monthly line from New Orloaus to Rio Janeiro, whioh will amount to an an- nual subsidy of more than §300,000 for ten Yyears to come, or more than $,600,000 in all. The Roacu eubsidy granted, it is of courso only a question of time and lobbying when o still larger Paciflo Mail subsidy will ba voted, with others following closely in tho wake, Porhapaitisas well to dispose of Mr, Roacu's case first, During the sccond session of the Forty. first Congreas, in 1870, tho House of Ltepre- sentatives appointed a special committec on * the causes of the reduction of the Ameri- can tonnage.” Mr. Roacxt was one of the experta who testified before that Committee, During the course of his evidence ho said that 4 America had lost her commerce,” aud in exchaugo therefor hiad gained ** simply the right for a few men to charge 9 per ton, in gold, on tho importation of pig-tron,” which ia the basis of modern ship-building. He also said that he asked no bounties, and added : *¢ 1t Congress will take off all the dutics from American fron, roduoing it to the price of foroign iron, then wo are prepared to com. pete with foreign ship.builders.” It must be kept well in mind, of courss, that the purcliase of American ships abroad is for. bidden by law, and 3Ir, Rosca would proba. bly be in favor of rotaining this prohibition, ‘This leaves American commarce in the fol. lowing situation : Ships cavuot be bought abroad, and ships canuot bo built at home, excopt at a cost of 23 por cent more than tho same kind of ships ocan be built for on the Clyde. Finally, the American manufaciurers cannot maintan their prices at Lome, and &t the same time sell abroad, if thoy hiave to pay anything for transportation, The result is that America bias perforce sbandoned the carryiug-trade, And now the resort is, not to auy repeal of dutles, but to sn effort to seoure the pay- ment of such subsidy from the Government, paid by the maas of the people, as will off- set the disadvantage American ship-builders suffer under the operation of tho tariff, and also poy {he transportation for the protected masufacturers soeking a foreign market. In recommending the Roicu subsidy of $3,000,000 as preliminary to the Pacifio Mall and other larger subsidies of the same na- tare, Mr. WappxiL and mostof his ssso- ciates on the Post-Office Committes have mado some remarkablo statements. Many of them are totally falss, and all of them specious and decoptive. M. J. G. Caxxox, wember of Congress from Illinols, stands nlone in the Committes in protesting ngainat the raiding of the Public Troasnry for these purposes, and has submitted a minority re- port which can scarcely fail to convince nn honest and intelligont Congrosa that overy proposition to subsidize a steamship line is 8 frand on the people, 2 The WAbDELL report soeks to convey the impression that the subsidy policy will re- stora life and vigor to American commorcs. Mr. Oaxxox gives the facts. During the six yoars previons to 1865 thero was no subsidy to atenm or sail veasels botween the United States and Brazil, and our annual exports wore about one.fhird of our annual imports in our trade with that country, Daring the ten yeara following, the American Govern. ment gave a subsidy of 81,500,000 to a line of steamers lotween New York and Rio Janciro, and our annual exports to Drazil wore only abont onefifth of our annnal im. ports from that country. Daring the latter period we purchased more than twico ns mnch annually, but, after paying a subsidy of §1,500,000, wo sold to Brazil only §0i0,- 000 more than before. *‘Buch a trausaction,” saya Mr, Oaxxon very logically, *on the part of a private individual wounld ond in bankruptey, and, if ropented, would warrant the appointment of a conservator to take charge of his estate,” Since the subsidy was discontinued, our exports have incrensed $1,100,000 annually, How is it with China ? During the laat eleven years we havo pur. chased from China $75,337,130 more than during the provious eleven years, when thers wns no subsidy, but the increase in our sales to Chinn during tho same pertod was only £6,077,379. Monnwhile a subsidy of 35,000,. 000 has been paid out of the Pablio Treasury to attain this retrogressivo progression, * How long would it take us at this rate,” nnks Mr, Canxoy, * to become the wealthicst nation in the world?” ** We started ont to take the Chineso. Result: The Chincse have takon ns, and the Pacific Matl Steam- ship Company has taken the $5,000,000,” Farther to show how little the subaidiz. ing of ships influences trade, our com- merce with Caba may be cited. There is no subsidy for that, yet American vesscls carried three-fourths of all the exchanges botween the United States and Cuba; nnd, notwithstanding America does the bnlk of tho carrying trade with Cuba, wo sold to Cuba less than equal to one-fifth of our pur- chnses from Cnba. Mr. WanpELL's roport gives theimpression thnt all other nations pursue the moat liberal policy in tho way of subsidizing steamships. Mr, Caxxox gives tho facts. Great Britain's outire subsidies are jnst about balanced Ly Ler sen-postages, nnd the only real subsidics shio pnys is to lincs ruuning to her own pos. scssions in East India ; these nmountto about $2,000,000 annually, whilo tha British Post- Office hna o surplus rovenusof shout $10,. 000,000, instead of running from §4,000,000 to 87,000,000 behind, na our postal scrvice does. Of the 200 foroign steamships run. ning between Europe and tho United States, 190 sre operated without subsidy, Great Dritain does mnot pay one cent of subsidy to any ship plying between the United Statea and that country, yet our trade with Great Britain amounts to 305, 000,000 o yoar; France pays a snbsidy of $729,000 a year to aline of steamers between Havre and New York, and our trade with France is less than 100,000,000 & year, Mr, Caxvox gives a tabulated statement of all tho subsidies paid by the various natlons, which skows that the great bulk of tho steamship servico of tho world is wholly withont sub- sldy, and that all countrios aro rapidly adopt. ing the rnle of paying a reasonablo son-post. ags for tho mails nctually carried, and no more, The fact is, that the protected mnnufac. turors have made out a weak case. During the year 1877 we sold to foreign countries #104,462,724 of merchandise more than we bought from foreign countries; not ono particle of this advantago waa socured by the Government's paying for tho transpor- tation, and if that had been the process, there would have been no advan- tago. We can sell in forelgn markets those things which we can produce choaper than other countries, If protection to cer- tain manufactures prevents us from selling more, and robs us of the profit from the carrying trade, the injury cannot be offset, but will only be incrensed, by a atill further protection in making tho Government pay tho cost of transporting to other countries merchandise which has acquired an artificinl. Iy high value. Protection cannot prolibit compotition outside our own borders, and, as Mr, Canvon Intimates, it is not enough for the Governmont to pay the cost of trans. portation to foreign markets, Lut the Gov. crument must also mako up the loss fo the American manufacturor or dealer when he comes to dlspose of his wares abrond, in order to make the subsidy and protective system complete and satisfactory. THE CURRENOY QUESTION AT WASH. INGION. Mr. Jony Burnsax bas had a revelation; after coreful study and deliberation, he has been able to discover, what was patent to overy other rational man, that to coin silver dollars was to render the convertibility of groenbacks into coin an ensy matter, and that, the dollars being coined, the demand for coin in, exchange for the paper would de. crease in the proportion that the coin was sufficiont for that purposs. The greonbacks being made exchiavgeable for milver dol- lars on demand, and tho supply of silver dollars being capable of being eunlarged indeflvitely, ~the resumption of specie-payments on asilver basis becomes o matter of course, and not a thfng of des- perate compulsion. Hence Mr, Bazman on Tuesdsy was free to state that ho regarded the remonctization of silveras a ‘*blessing in disguise.” Of course, the surpriso of the Bocretary is not shared by others, In fact, tho remonetization of silver was urged by the mnjority of its friends oun the preciso ground that it would be impossible to re- «deem greenbacks with gold coin, because of tho scarcity and dearness of that coin; but, the excluaivo use for gold Lelug abandoned, silver dollari could be coined to an indefinite amount, aud the exchange of silver for pa- per would be an casy matter. The discon. tinuance of any special demand for gold has cheapened that coin, and the banksare filling up with gold and silver, and long before January, 1879, greenbacks, silvor, and gold will bave a parity of value. The Becretary of the Treasury has, how- over, discovered other particulars, He 18 not only in favor "o the largest colnage of silver dollars, but he is preparsd to re- ceive greenbacks, with silver and gold, or alons, in psyment of customs. This, he claims, will place the legal.tender motes on & permanent equality with coin, and render it wholly unnecessary toreduce their amount by withdrawal or cancellation. The Becre- tary is also convinced that the country would not be effectually ruined eveqn by the jssue of cortificates for silver bullion. Iad the Bece rotary of the Treasnry laat August met the conntry with concessions of this charncter, instead of porsistently maintaining that thers should be resumption in gold coin, when he knew the gold coin wns not in the country, and could not be had, how mnch agitation, diatress, and alarm might have been spared. In the mad zeal for gold resumption the bnsiness of the country was paralyzed, and, under the pa. ralysis of ever-falling values, thousands of activo business men and corporations have been wrecked. Bilver remonetization ftselt was forced by the country in defiance of the protests and efforts of the Treasury, Tne Trravse advocated tho remonetiza. tion of silver not only bocanse it was right and just of itself, but also becansa it wonld ennblo the Governnrent to resume specic- payments, which was impossible on the gold basis. Tme Trsung claimed that when the Government offersd the public creditors o silvor dollar in exchange for a greenbnck it was the full measure of specie-resumution which auy person had a right to demand. A failure to remonetize silver would leave tho conntry under a pledge to rodcom its cur. rency, and leave all private and corporate debts payable, in gold. This wns simply equivalent to conflscation; it was adding 30 to 40 per cont to overy form of Indebted- ness, ond to the purchasing power of money, and destroying the value of property pro- portionately. Booner than reduce the conn- try to this condition, we considered 1t prefer- Rblo that the date for resumption should be repealed, Thanks, however, to the encrgetiv efforts of the people in their own behalf, the Silver bill was passed, and the supply of silver dol. lars is only limited by the ability of the mints to coin thom. The public credit ia maintained, the shadow of an enforced gold resumption is removed, and specie-payments will practically take placo without tho lenst disturbance of valnes, The paper monaey, belng exchangeabla for the coin, will circu. Inte at par, and gold, having no excluaive uses, will of necessity be added to the general currency of tho country, Becretary SuznMAN now proposes snbatan- tially a goneral achemae for tho settloment of nll thoe financial questions, which, if adopted, will have the effect of putting an ond to much wild and extravagant logislation, and give stability and pormanency to the curren. cy of the country. This scheme embraces ; 1. The coinage of ailvor dollars as rapidly as practicable. 2. The issuo of silvor certifi- cates on the same footing as gold cortificates. 8. The roceipt of greenbacks for customs. 4. The exchango of metallio dollars on de- mand for greenbacks after Jan. 1, 1870, 5. The {ssuo of 4-per.cent bonds in exchango for greenbacks or coin at par, and the appli- cation of tho procoeds to the purchase of the 6 and G per cent Londs, Under this ar- raugoment there would be $675,000,000 of paper money exchangenble on demand for coin; the greonbacks romaining in circula. tion to their full amount, and = legaltonder in payment of customs duties; silver dollars, colned at the rate of 810,000,000 or more a your, and the gold which is now or may bo in tho country. The three forms of money,—paper, silver, and gold,—having equivalent nses and values, will circulate freely and interchangeably, and in quantity equal to the wanta and needs of tha conntry, Upon this basls, having what is ossontial to any rovival of industry, tho groat point of permaneney, thero can hardly bo a doult that thero will be a rocovery in the values of proporty, an inflation of pro. duction, an increass of snles, a re-employ- ment of Iabor and distribution of wages, and a steady progresa in the way of a ronow- al of general prosperity nud individual com. fort. Though Blr. SBurruax js late in his concessions, he st:ould be thanked that, ovon now, he has acceptod the policy of expan. slon, and thereby will give his aid to the pacification of contending factions on this subject of tho currency. THE NORTHERN PACIFI0 RAILWAY. The Northern Paclfic Railway Company is bofore Congress asking an extension of tho time for tho completion of itsroad. The proposition {s aimple, direct, and eminently reasonablo and jnat. But, instond of grant- ingit, Senator Mircmes, of Oregonm, has reported a bill, as detailed in onr dispatches of Tuesday morning, from the Sub-Commit- tee to tho gonoral Railrond Committee, which is nimed directly at the vory lifo of the onter- priso, It has tho following romarknble pro- vislons and conditions : First—It compels the Company to build on tho south side of the Columbin River, instend of the north side, tho only practica. ble ronte selected under the original carefut surveys,—tho sonth’side boing a rough country, interscctod Ly monntain-stroams, with ravines, which would render the work unnecessarily expensive, while on the north sldo the lino is comparatively casily con. structed, nud would directly nccommodate n much larger agricultural country, Becond—It changes tho character of tho acquirement of tho lands by the Company, reducing the valus of the original grant, and when the rond is completed and the remain. ing lands remote from the line of the road ot already pre-cmpted are conveyod by the Governmeut to the railroad, it is under the restriction that only 160 ncres shall be sold {o any one person, thus crippling sales and preventing farming operations ou a sufficient scale to secure the economy obtained else- where, Z'hird—It robs the Northorn Pacific of the land under the original grant for the short liue from Lake Pend-Oreile, whore the rond rounds the North Pass of the Bitter Root Mountains, alming directly as possible to Puget Bound, thus affording the country at largo the aliortost liue to the Paciflc Conast and China and Japau by saeveral hundred miles, and gives an equal nmount, some 7,000,000 acres, to the so-termed Balt Lake & Bouth Pass Company, aud contains tho pro- vision that the said Salt Lake & Bouth Pass Company sball havo equal rights of use of the Northern Pacific Railroad, whoso mnin line iy forced for the accommodation of the former to tho south side of the Columbia River, from Portland to Umatills, some 200 miles, its point of divergence from the lino of tha Northern Pacific ta Balt Lako thus to become a feeder {o tha elrendy plethoric Uniou Pacific, The bill further provides for the comple. tion of the so-called Balt Lake & South Pass Railroad in four years from the passage of the act, thus socuring to the Union Pacifio monopoly the trafio of the Columbia River Valloy over the western end of the Northern Pacific Railroad until the latter can complete its great connecting work from the Missouri River across Dakota, Montans, Idsho, and Washington,—a work at best of seven or eight years, Py The nonstrosity of the scheme is only equaled by the impudence and fraud which characterizo the dealings of the Union Pacifio with the Government and the people, snd altogethar i3 so fraught with such alaring injustice that 1t neoms impossible that suoh 8 bill ean find favor in Congress or receive even a rospectable minority yote. What the country needs and what the Company should havo i3 an extension of the time for bnilding the rond under the original franchise on the best and shortest lino to Puget Bound. Iet Jax Gouwp, with his villsinous propositions, keep his claws off of this noble national onterprise. Ias he not gorged already enough of the peoplo's money ? [ N AT NEWSPAPERS AND THE MAILS. The proposition befors the onse Post- Office Committes to compel newspaper pub- lishers to nse tha mails exclusively in the dintribution of their {ssnes, is the prodnct of ignorance or malice. Tho effect of it can searcely be nnderatood by the Committee, or they wounld not entertain it sorlonsly for a moment. Tt contemplaten a groat publio in. convenience, and no corresponding benefit in increased rovenues to tho Government. If its main purpose is, n8 we supposo, to punish the Inrgo city dailies which have besn freest in eritioising tho conduct of cormpt and inefiicient Congressmen, it will not be successful. The people will hnve the nows sooner or later, and will wait for it to come by the mnils if thoy cannot getit sooner. But thero is no renson why they should bs compolled to wait at all. If the Govern- ment cannot perform the rervice of distribu. tion ns quickly as the oxpresa companies, it should step nside. When it ean do the work 04 well ns any competitors, it isnow employ- ed ; whon it cannot do so, it onght not to obstruct others who can give satisfaction. Newspaper publishers have no prejudice sgainst the Government, Thoy use the mails, express companies, or private convey- ances, ns onch happons to ba convenient. It wonld be an extraordinary interference with privato rights to compel them fo use any of these channels of distribution to the exolu- sion of theother. ‘Thero is danger that the nadvocates of the new rystem of postage will forget the im. portant principle which justifies the exist. enco of tho Post-Office Dopartmont,—name. 1y, that it tends to promote the convenionce of tho peopls. Tho business of carrying lotters and printed matter is no legitimato function of Government, except ns it is sanctioned by the people for thelr own con- vonionce. Tho Post-Office does not exist solely, or oven principally, for tho sake of Government. It has never been considered a self.supporting ivstitution in Amorica, nor hns the nocessity that it should be self-sup. porting been admitted. Yot this proposi. tion of Mr, Cavvox's to compol the nows- papers {o use it, whother they will or no, proceeds on tho contrary sssumption, It assumes that the Post-Ofce is not estab. lished for the convenicneo of tho publie, but for its own convenience; that it isn monoy-making concern, and in its eapacity a4 such may impose a tax npon the comfort and intelligonco of the people. It would be ono thing for the Post-Ofllce, offering oqual facilities with tho express companics and privato conveyances, to demand that pub. lishers should give the preferemco to the maila ;' it is quite another thing for the De. partment to claim tho right to render an in. ferior servico for a grenter componsation, Tue Tnsose is now eunnbled to resch many of its ngonts by early freight trains, as in tho caso of all thoso reslding in tho towns along tho Milwankeo branch of the North. westorn Road; if it were obliged to abandon this serviconud omploy tho mails exclusively, it would not reach the same points until sovernl hours Inter, Suburban renders gen. orally would bo deprived of their, morning papers on the incoming trainsif the new bill should become n law, How serious n loss this would be, those only can tell who enjoy tha comfort afforded by the early dis. tribution now. It s not clear that the Government would galn anything in revenue by sccuring the monopoly of nowspaper patronage. Itwould require for thy new service a larga additional forco of clorks, and additional spaco in post- offices and postal.cars. It would also be obliged to discharge many of the duties now performed by news agonts, The distribu- tion of the issue of morning newspapers is n vast business, cmploying a large capital and mauy laborers. Government must go into this business rognlarly if it adopts the pro- posed amondment to the law. It must bo propared to handle bulky packages, of con- siderable weight, which the Department heretoforo lins cudeavored to exclude from tho mails; and in all ita oporations, na o uows agent it must exhlbit the same thrift and energy that are now shown by privato persons engnged in the business. The mere statement of tho duties that would devolve upon Government in consequence of the proposed law wshows its nbsurdity. Its enactmont would bo folluwed immediately by one of two results : it would be disregarded, like the law forbldding private persons to carry letters not duly prepaid by postage, or it would cause publio dissatisfaction so wide- spread that it would be repealed at the next sosslon of Congress, The persons rosponsi- blo for its onactment would be likely to have a rebuke from their constituents that would 1aat thom for the romainder of their political lives. The Rncullrz of the Treasury s beginning to adwintster the Bilver act with such remarkable sa- Kacity that we trust the large diacretion with which the act clothes bim will not withdrawn or abeidged by Congress, IHls wise decisjon to pay aut the new sllver dollar for the present only in cxchunge for gold coln at par would be suscoptible of mlIllllN‘l'l'\'l]lmn by the mlver men if this were the only nuteworthy tuing in bls adminlstration o the law, ‘The couscquence willbe that the Inter- est on the punlic gebt will cuntinuo to ba paid in gold cain, and the alsrm of the foreign holders of wvur boude will be allayed, and a stop be putto acnding them home in large quantitics for sale.— New York Herald. ‘The Now York Jerald posscsses the art of fo- Jecting moro bosh {nto an artlcla per square fnch than suy nowspaper In the United Btates, Sece yetory BugusaN has vot decided to only pay out silver doliars In exchange for gold coin, tor that would bo tantamount to not paying them outat all. After public curlosity s satisfied, and & number of peopls have securcd specimens of the restored silver dollars, thers will be no moro purchasing thereol for gold, as thern wounld be nelther profit nor motive in so dolog, The two colus are now exactly equal fn valuo for debt-paying and Custom-flouse purposes. There could bo no couccivable object In paying 1,000 gold dotiars for 1,000 silver dollars, or vice versa, as ouc ls worth procisely the same as the other. - What the Scerctary of the Tressury has decided Ls ot to commonce redeeming green- backs with silver dollars before Jan, 1, 1879, the day fixed by law for the commencement of re- sumption. Bome bankers lhave offered him sums of grecubacks st par for the new sliver dollars, but SuzrMaAx declines to give coln worth 100 cunts for psper worth 00 cents, 8s it would bavetho efect of making green- backe rocelvable for customs due nine mont in sdvance of the time set for resumption, as the abject of teudering greonbacks for silver is touse tho latter fo paying tariff dutles. But there ls pnotlicr way of getting the new silver dollars fute circulation, which BusrMAN an- nouuces he fotends to pursuc, and which is per- fectly proper and cotlrely In barmony with the spirit of tho Bilver bill, aud that ia to pay out tle new doliars lu purchasing silver bulllon, He will bo obliged to buy from three to four willlons of aliver per month for coluage. Mo must elther parchase it with gold or sllver money. If he buya bulilon with greenbacks, he must first sell coln to got greenbacks, and there would o nothing gained by pursuing tnat polley; on tho contrary, he would he thaved by the brokers and speculators. As fast, then, as the mints coin silver, SnERsAN proposes o invest ft in bulllon at the market price thereof. Mo can get as much bulllon for the *daddy dollars™* as for gold dollars, and the Government will make the differsnce be- tween the market price of bullion and the coined sflver ns so much selgniorage profit, snl the new moncy will flow fnto circulation as faat as it {s cofned. The shallow concoptions of the Herald are well fllustrated fn tho absurd reason it offers for hoarding all the silver coinage. It says: * Tho consequence will be that the Interest on the public debt will continue to be pald in gold coln, and the alarm of the foreign holders of our bonds will be allayed, and a stop put to sending them home In large quantlties for sale,” and more rot of the same kind, On the con- trary, the course advocated by the Heraldwoula tend to alarm foreign holders of borfils, Lot tho Secrctary pay out as fast as reccived tha sil- ver dollars received at the Treasury for dutles, to the bondlolders for interest on their cou- pons. The Americans recelving this sflver can scll 1t for greenbacks at a premium, and the forcian bondholder can exchango his interest silver for gold at a mere nominal broker com- misslon,—perhaps not to cxceed one-elghth or onc-tenth per cent. What {s thers in this to alarm forelgn or domestic holders of bonda? The half-witted Herald thinks that the Silver act provides for paying the Interest on the pub- Nedebt in silver bullion in the non-legal-tender state, and it docs not scem to comprehend that tho lnw calls for colned stiver; and it overlooks or shuts its eycs to what I8 obvious to overy ona clse, that silver dollars are worth as much #a gold dollars, in purchasing as well as in debt- paying power, and that the holder can exchange them for gzold atas small 8 brokerage as the holder of gold can cxchanges it for ailver dollars. We would {nvite tho attention of the MHerald numbskull to the following extract from the London Economist, showing how bsdly that organ of pondlhiolders and money-lenders is not scared at the law remonetizing sllver: The remonetization of allver by the United States will nnduuntedlz havethe effect of raiming the valne of eliver over the whale world, and thero may be eventaally a smaller differonce between the valueof Sliver and gold thaa that. which exiats at ha. pres- ent moment. Bllver may come again to hold the proportional value in refercnce to gold that it did #omo years since. And in that case the American bondholder, oven if pald in sllver doliars, might exporience no injury, ——— ‘The TarifT bill has been greatly improved by the Ways and Means Comtnittee sinco it wns blocked out by the Chalrman, Woon. A gen- tleman who has examined it in ils now shapo writes ns follows concerning 1t: The Tarl bill, which will bs brought into the Houro toward the close of tha present week, will b o great improvement over the bill in its original shave, and will bo entitled to recelve tho support. of all exce‘»zmnnrcmnl‘roh-:nnnlm. Those, of coursc. will oppose it. “Bome of them think the resent tariff not high wor cumhrona enough, Neither will the bl “satlefy the oxtreme Free- ‘Traders, who wonid probably prefor more declsive changes. 'The Committco and thefr Chairman, Ar, Waob, have been deairous to secura two objocts, — first, to ineure & sufliclent rovenue, and, second, to liberate commerca #o far as posslble from nesd- less shackles and enable our own manufacturors, wl help of cheapened raw materiale, to scll thelr surplos products In forsign markots. Itls conceded by almoat overybody In Congress that our manufacturers, with fmproved machinery and Inbor-saving appliancee, have got fo tho point where, if they are to employ their machinery and aperatives on full time, they will inevitabiy pro- duce moro than the home market, immenea as it 1s. will take np for consumption. The surplus vroduction fs not great, —certainly not above 10 per cont,—but it weighe constantly on the homo market, derangos pricos, stops factorles and work. shops, throws industrions artisans out of employ- ment oe forces them (o work half (lue for partof d thua perpetuntes tho depression In over tno country, becauss the opera- unemployed necessarily consuine Jess would If° they were prosperous. The is deslgned to remedy theee ovils with- me time making any extreme or radiea) h a8 would 1njure established inter- . s natural that manufacturers in many branches, oven if they are now delng but paorly, shunld bo alarmed at propositiona of change tha effect of which they do not at once comprehend, and which must, they fuar, put them at any rate tosome troubte, But a very conservative spirit has guided the Committce, and even thoss who would have proferred greater changea hava readil; admitted that it Is wiscst to begin slowly snd witl oare. th than the aew urll Itfs onough to make a torra-cotta dog lsugh to sco our New York nalnesake rejoleing over the fact that 70 of 180 members of the Canadiau Comuwons have voted for the allozed protection amendment of SirJouN A. MACDONALD, requir- ing *theadoption of anational policy which,byn Judiclous readjustment of the tariff, witl bene- it and foster the agricultural, the mining, the manufacturing, and other interests of the Domimton.”” Nobody but a Protectlonlst can tell us how, by charging cach other higher prizes all round, all the Canadians, merchants, miacrs, manufacturers, and farmers are going to get rich, nor can wo sce bow the four millions of Canadians are golng to force the forty millions of our citlzens fnto reciprocity by protection. Wo have heard of the Irish. man who was found in bhis night-shirt holding the dog down in the snow-drift s0 as “to freoze the crathur." Anything honest or senelble on the turi® question from Bir Jonx A. MacpONALD I not, however, to bo expected. [n 1873 the now loud-mouthed ad- vocate of protection for tho Canadian farmers onposed that very idea on the ground that the Canadlan agriculturists were “richer than cvor,” and wors ‘‘rising superior to the temporary disadvantage caused by tho loss of the Unltod States market,” In that year Sir Joun’s Minlstry went back to the country with & working majority, and pledged to lucidental prolection; yot the Finance Minlster did not move the adoption of a higher tarlf. Audin 1808 the very member who now seconds 8ir Joux's motfon for protection for agriculture~— Mr, Pors, to-wit—opposed it and vigorously pointed out the follacy and abaurdity of the {dca. Protection has a queer effcct on a states- man's wits, —— The Russian appellation of * Czargrad,’ so commonly applicd to Constantinople, has been the subject of very extended discussion In the columns of the London Times. According to the best authoritics, Constantinople has heen always known to the Rusa! 88 *Czargraq " or “Taaregrad,” which means the * Czar of Towns,” “*Queen of Cities,” 50 named by the carly Russlans on account of the beauty of Cun- stantinople. In tho same manner the Russiane named the largest bell and cannon prescrved (o Moscow the * Czar bell " and ¢ Czar cannon,” meaniug the largest and fincat of bells and cannons, The title s mentloned In the chron- icles of tho eleventh ceutury and in the old Russian national pootry, Auother suthority says that the word s of Bouthern Bclavonic origln, and means **white town," and that ia all the Russlan geographles ana maps the name of the city is *Konasantinopol.” The origin of the word at least contradicts tho theory of Russian ambition with which It has been con- nected. ——————— They bave been proseating Mr. Haves with s tin-foil sheet, whereon, by Mr. Epuaon’s ncw process, have been imprinted a Jot of words that the President can listen to at lefsurs when- ever he takes the trouble to fasten it to the machine and tura the crank. If ono of these ju- struments was placed In every Republican com« mittee-room in tha country, and the tia-foil rec ords of each confldential scssion were transmit- ted to the President by mall, his ears, at least, might be opened, aud he might reccive some valuable information as to the real feellngs of TRepublicans all over the country, e ———— 1f ha fanot interfered with by Ce Bocre- tary suzn:u ml‘y gave En.ooi.oé’&"fi':" u:’rn 1be Treasury on the 1st of January. He would doubtiess use this miver in redesming the green- backs firet presented, and before it was exhauste: the greenbacks, by “dimination of thelr smount would be at par with gold, which would remove all mulive for & run on the Treasury,—ANew York derald, The Herald {s maliciously anxlous to bave the Silver act nullified aud sitver dollars kept out of circulation, but its realstance will be as valn 8¢ ite ldeas aremuddy, It docs not seem to bave occurred to toe Herald that- tho Becretary must purchase thirty-Sve miltlons of allver bultlon before he can hoard that amount of s, ver dollara. What funds has he for that por. posel o has no greenbacks to aDATS, 88 thy exponses of the Government oxceed all Lo oh- tains from intcrnsl revenue. Shail he Py out thirty-five millions of gold now In the Treasury for sllver bullion! in what way wonld that ald resumption in January, 18701 Hus not the 2lerald sense enough to ses that, tho more slver dollars thers are in the hands of the people, the less ** run ** thero will be on tho Treasury when resumption day comes? Perhaps {t is tog asinine to comprehend so almploa fact, Tha real fault with the Sitver bill is, that it docs not provide for & sufliclently larzs cofnage ; the minimum should ba eight millions & month for the firat threo years, and after that according to the wauts of the public. If 100,000,000 of silver dollars could be ot into clrculation be. fore next January, it would render reaumption vastly easter, and simplity the wholo monatary problem. —_— Pope Dara’s Cardinal Camerlengo, Carding] Jonannes SwinTonius, Archibishop of Tomp. kins Bquare in parfibus, has been making an oration at the annual gatherloz of the Com. munists of New York. Tho llon of the oces. slon was Citizen Enwano M2or, of whom tig Sun says On the proclamation of the Ite- Mberated, Ile then beeame cop. spletions as nsupporter of the Commune, ang on fts overthrow he escaped.”” Wa kno v gome- thing of Citizen Mror. He and Citlzen Venig commanded the party which murdered tig Archblshop of Parls, President Boxizay, and four priests in cold blood in May, 1871, The membeis of the American Alliance never went as far as this in their hatred of Catholles, yer tor sympathizing with the Amerlean Alllance, through nls private secretary, President Haves has been rudely aesailed by the paper whose editor second {n rank hobnobs with murderers, e ———, Bo glad, you know, that Brother DANA, of the New York Sun, has about made up his mind to castin his lot with the Gnatfonals. * Many sagacious politiclans of tralned abillty, and of good standing lierctofore as Democrats and Re- publicans,” he says, ** aro connected with the organization.” Yes; there are WexDELL Piigy- 1irs; and Ben BurLer; aud * Brick " Powg. ROY; aud ALEXANDER CAMIBELL, of thisBtate; and Braxrox Duxnoax, of Kentucky; and Mosn FIELD, of Michizan, who is rumored to know something about tho bounty business: and Sax Canr, of Obfo: and Dick TREVELLICK, the workingman, who hasn’t done a day's work for many years past except with his tongues and Ban's, BinNeTT, of Iows, who can write more and say less in a given number of reams than any other correspondent that ever afflicted tha press of Amerfen. With Brothor Dawa thrown {n, tho monagerie witl bo complote. ——— Bouth Woodstock, Vt., possosses a wonderful clock, which only condescends to run once a Fear, at the annual gathering of the members of the uwnor's family, and stops the moment tho last gucst has tripped over the door-mat. That s very good fora lle— pretty fair, wo mean; but, it It had been the invention of a pro- fesslonnl journaliat, he would infallibly have added that Iast Thanksglving, when one of the guests, after walking two blocks, caino back for his umbrella, the clock tovk to ticking ngaln, and went on ¢ill ho had departed and the old man hod locked the front door. These littie touches of naturo ndd immensely to the cffect of alle, and add but little ta ths welghtop a reporter’s consclence. f Whero Is Croxrx during these dark and trr- inz hours? Mr. Cox, from tho dome of the Capitol, bends his eagle—or, to spealk mora cor- reetly, tom-tit—eyo towards the Pacific Coast, looking for reinforcements. In tho beautiful words of Osstax: * Dost thou ralse thy pala face, BamMyr Cox, to look for the coming ot Cronix? The sun is settlng far westward, and fta redness shall deccive theo for his nosol Retire to tho Commlittes on Library, and think on the days that are past, for be will nat return until the ery of *Fraud? fs o'er.” 4 ‘The Utlca Republican (which the same is Mr. CoxxLiNG's own orgau) says that *‘Roscom CONKLING s o strouger man to-day than tho Prestdent of tho Unlted Btates, with all the patronago of the Adminiatration at his back." Well, yo-cs; Roagos {s & pretty strong fellow when he has all the patronage of the Adminis. tration at his back, though he says it himself, who shouldn't. 4 Instead of wasting his sewer-zaa In useless bletherings, suppose that Saxsy Cox, or soma other of the Hostlles, takes the scnse of the House of Representatives as to President Haxxs’ title by fntroducing a resolution?* ? The strawberry aud raddish crops are unusu- ally large, and this will in & moasurn recouclle the public to the fact that the yield of new po- litical organizations thls spring 1s below the AVErage. e ‘That thrilling story about the North Carolina belle, ana her decelved husband, and the shot- gun, and ber lover, and her funeral, and all, proves to have been a coutribution to unwritten history. The friends of Bavzraas Douaras, of Vir- minia, will not present his namo at tho uext Democratic Natlonal Conventlon. He would rather be tight than be President. t | In press—" Why Wa Ilowl.” By the author of * Why We Laugh.” Also, ** On the Wrong Sido of Out Mouths," a sequel to tho latter loteresting work. f ‘Mr. BLAIxa's sympathy with the horny-band- ed rallrond corporations which steal the cord. wood can be accounted for by his partlatity for the stump. § ‘The women of Lower Canada are still waging & sporadic and spasmodic war upon rum,~—a Banta Cruzado, as it were. } We fancy that Jix Braixs will bave some difculty {n controlling the * Frussizn ¥ voto 10 1880, f PERSONALS., Bwinburne has—hesaysit himsely—*! taken a plos At." Baron de Mosquito, of Drazil, is worth $100,000,000. Ilum? Cruikshank got his idea of Fagin's profils by copylng the shadow of bis own upon the watl. Even as on the New York Z'ribune Jacob W. Rold becanes Whitelaw Reld, so James B. Tay- lor became Baysrda Taylor. The first person blessed by Pope Leo XIIL 8 bis first pablic audience was & Protestant, Mr. John T. Low, of Busten. During the twenty-ieven years of her otage career, Jananachek has never had to poste vons & performance because of illncss. Anna Louise Cary will not go to Europe this spring, but will hold herself in readiness to siog at Ihe college commencemants, eta, Henry Watterson is sald t> contemplate purchasing tha Judianspolls Sentine! and ruoslog 1t 1n connection with the Courler-Journal, * A practical English clergyman has induced the Shakers reslding near him to siter ono article creed, When they called on bim to buzy 1 thelr number ho asked, ** Is sha dead?” and celving the N 18 not dead, epeth, " c! d ed of, , **1 can'’t bury sny one thatiso't desd. They agreed to regard ber as desd. Tax Tamunz msy as well set at rests hlstoricsl lle which has besn afloat for the last quarter of a century concoroing the late Premler of Cansda. 8ir George E.Cartler. When.ss s Miais- ter of the Crown, he was greeted st Windsor Castls by Queen Victaria, 1t was stated that & Roysl proclamation putting & price of £500 vn his m‘d fur his participation in the Rebellion of 1837-'8 wss sthl unrepealed. No such reward was over offored for bim; nor did he take part in the 8gLtat BL. Denla further than to keop up communication with the other side of the rivar for the patsiolei nor yet did ho pasa the tims thereafter hiding io & ccllar, bat In & fricad’s bouso at Montrcal, wheré Be weat o with his law-studies,