Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 19, 1878, Page 4

. The Tribane, TERMS8 OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MAIL—IN ADVANC! TOSTAGE l'll:h"!. 138 WRERLY EDITION, POSTPAID. ful ' per 8 .5 i o 138 Bpecimen Giva Post:Uftico address In fall Including Btats and County. Remitances may be made either by draft, cxpress, Toat-Oftice order, or In regtstered lettets, at our risk, TERKS TO CITY BUBSCRIBERS, Datly, delivered, Funday excepted, 35 cents per week, Datly, deltvered, Sunday incinded, 30 cents per week. Addreas THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and learborn-sta., Chicago, 11l Orders for the deliveryof T TRIDUXE st Evanston, Eoglewood, and Hlyde Park left in the counting-room willreceive promot attention. P ———— TRIBUNE BRANCII OFFICES. ‘Tz Cn1caco TRInTxx ling established branch ofiices forthorecelptof subscrivtions and sdveriisements 89 followst NEW YORE=-Room 20 Tribune Butldtag. F.T. Mo- FappEX, Managol PARIS, Franc 1. Manzag, Ager LONDON, Eng.—Ametican Exchange, 49 8trsad. Tizxnr F. GiLL) BAN FRAN 18 fiuo de Is Grange-Dateliere. u, Agent. C AMUSEMENTS. McVicker's Theatra. Madlron street, between Desrborn snd Etate. ** A Celebrated Caze," by the Unfon Squsre Company. kloolry’s Thentre. Randolph strect, between Clark and Lasalle. Eogagement of Sothern. *' A Crushed Tragedian.” New Chlcago Thontre. Clark street, oppoite Sherman Iouse, Engage: ment of Usverly's Miustrels, $laverly’s Thentre. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn, *‘Aladdin.” Colisoum Norolty Thentre. Clark street, opposite Court-llouss, Vatlcly pere formance, McCormick Hall, North Clark street, corner Linzle. Concert by tho Thuraby Cotn pany. Unlon Park Congregatlonal Church. Readings by Sise I, I Maskius, Jefferson Park Presbyterian Church, Corner Throup and West Adams strects, Diamstic Readings by Jame: TUESDAY, MARCH 19, 1878, Groenbacks at the Now York Stock Ex. chango yesterdny closed at 983, In the Houso of Commons at Ottaws, Canada, yestordny, a motion to prevent the omployment ou the profected Canadian Pa~ ciflc Railway of any person whose bair may be moro thau five inches in longth wns de- feoted, Iustead of a precautionary removal of tewptation from tho path of the far-off Indian of tho Northwestern wilds, ns might first appear, this measuro was in reslity sim- ed nt the Chinese, and is an index of tho feoling in the Dominion on the Mongoliau question, beside exhibiting much toleration toward tho malo Spiritualist. Tho colloction of tho intornal ravemuo in the mountainous regions of Tunnessce Is an offair attended with so many and such pecullar difficultios that candidates for posi- tions in tho servico thero aro neither numer. ous nor importunato, 1t is really n question of somo intercst whother tho Government officers will Lo ablo to wsuppross illicit distillation among the moonshiners of White ond Jackson Counties without calling on tho army for nssistonce, A lnrge body of thom, armed with long-range guns, are swalting the Doputy-Collector and his posse, and proposs to dispute his powor to cn- forco the Revenuo law in that rogion. gLt over tho Chieago Pension Agenoy, whercin two women and & preacher were cutered ns contestauts, Miss Bweer, the preseut incumbent, has galned tho victory, Which s quite as it should bo, soeing that sho has mede a most oxcellent and . in overy woy croditablo and satle- foctory record in her administration of tho offico, aud thera was mno good roason why sho should give way to another woman or a clergyman either, Sha haos been ronominated by the President for another term, and, ay no possiblo objection can bo urged ngainst her confirmation, it moy bo assumed that tho principles of Clvil. 8ervico reform will bo carried out in her caso, The cablo dispatel give no promiso of an agrosmont botweon England and Russia 9n the subject of tho basis of tho dis. oussion at the Derlln Congress, Rusuia conscnts and ngrees to communicato to tho Powers the fall text of the treaty just ratifted at 8t. Potersburg, and if & formul demand were mude by tho Congress itself for tho submission of the trealy entiro for discussion and yeview ¢ Is mot probablo that usiia would rofuse; but it is very evident that Engiand is not to Lo allowed to dictate the conditions under which the Congress shall assomble, and that the threat of her refusal to participate will fail of frightening tho Czar into ucquies- cance. —— Tho Pacific Railroad Bubsidy Fund bill wos considered in the Senate yostordny, Judge CuswTIANOY reviewing at leugth the Jaw points made in the argument of Sranvry Marruxws, whom Lle showed to have achieved n notable success as n specinl pleaderandas a searcher ont of puthoritics and procedouts bearing on one side of the cdso ouly, As to tho question of the power . of Congress to compel tho railroad vom. Ppaules to make some provision for tha pay. ment of thelr debts, Judge Ountstianoy cited g recent duciaon of the United States Bupreme Court in favor of the position taken by the Henate Judiclary Committes and sgeinst tho railroads and their attorneys in aud out of tho Senate. Qov. Nicniovry, of Loulsiana, wos evident. 1y not out of his reckoning when ho withe beld a pardon from Aspensox until after the declulon of the Suprewo Court on the appeal. Tho latter body Las reversed the judgment of the Lower Court, aud ordered tbat the prisoner be released. 'I'his is prob- ably not a surprise to any of the Democratic politicians concerned in the mausgement of this {nfamous political persecution. It was arzanged from the start that the trial should proceed to & certain point and there stop ; that sentenco should bo given but mot carried into execation ; and that * tho moral efact” intended to be produced by the con. viction of tho Returning Board should not be impaired by too flagrant a bresch of faith ou the part of the State Government, which owed its existence only to & pledge that it would permit no prosecutions of this description. It is au interesting commenta. ry on the justice of the trial, aud the purity of the Courts in Loulslana, that g gang of politiclans should bo able to com. wand o verdict of guilty in the first in. THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY. MARCH 19, 1878 stanco, and a reversal of it In tho second. With the courts complotely at the morcy of porty managers, and those managers the crenturen of designing politicians at the North, it fs no wonder that tho Government of Louisiana bas fallen into contempt. Gcv. Nicnorra himself is undeserving of con- demnation, His efforts to stay the prosecu- tion wero no doubt sincere. The fact that ho wns powerless to provent it only shows how strong and nnscrupulous the influonce behind tho prosecution was, and how com- pletaly tho State Administration has passed under tho control of the irrcconcilable, anti. compromise, anti-justice, anti-honor, pro- Tilden wing of tho party, headed by Licut.- Gov, Wiz, . e a— The Common Council last ovening passed an ordinanco requiring tho stroet-car com- panies to pay a yoatly liconso feo of 350 por car. Tho revenuo to ba roalized from this source is estimatod at about $30,000, while it is nssorted thnt the now systom will cost the peoplo of the West Division 875,000 per antim, s the Company, in order to mako up for the lconso exaction, will discon. tinuo {ts present practice of sclling twenty.five-rido tickots for $1, and - will chargo five conts a ride invarinbly. Another offact of the ordinance, which its supporters in tha Council kinve probably not considored, will bo to reduca the number of cars ran at hourswlen the convonlence of the publio ro. quiro nn oxtra supply. It would have been well for tho Council to havo considered be- foro deciding to imposa tho license tax whother it will not after all operato as o di- rect tax upon tho people and not npon tho street-car compnnies. The nppointment of Cimantes Fraxos Apaxs, Jr., as oneof tho Governmont Di- reotors of the Union Pacifioc Railrond, is n most commendable and fit seloction of tho righit man for the right placo, Mr, ADaus lias made tho influcnco of the Railroad Com- mission of Massachusetts folt in every part of tho United States, and his nnnual reports to the Legislature are altogethor the most importaut and valuable contribntions to the sciouce and philosophy of railway mannge- ment that this country has produced. In the now fiold to which he has been fuvited by tho President, his abilitios and experionco will, wo are convinced, prove highly ad- vautagoous to the publie service, The ro. lations of tho Government . to the Pacifio Railways are now undergoing examination in Congrass, and tho appointment of Mr, Apaxs indicates that tho Exccutive Intonds to co- operato with the Legislativo branch of the Government in making it thorongh. THE TARIFF, The Ways and Menus Committea havo flually ngroed upon a bill, which, however unsatisfactory to erch momber, is considered by a majority so far an improvement upon tho oxisting law as to induce them to roport tho measuro. ‘Tho inability of Congress to take up and deliberately discuss and mataro o Tariff law is one of tho painful evidences of tho extent to which personal interests con- trol untional logislation, Evon in England, # weasure to reduco the duty on cheap Span. ish wines, 80 08 to enablo thom to be used ns n baverago in place of spirits and other alco. holic drinks, has porplexed tho British Par. linment aver sluco 1860. The propristy and sound policy of placing mild beverages with. in tho purchasing means of thoso who con. snmo tho henlth.dostroylng epirits aro ad- mitted, but the moasuro itsolf is opposed by -tho distilling, and tho brewing, snd other Jocal interests, and no Minlstry bos yot dared to propose tho changoe so long needed. How wmuch strongor is tho case in this country, whero overy lino of tho tariff, whother it provides o tax or admits an arti. clo freo, ropresonta o special interest! Our tariff is o patchwork of special logislation, It {a writton in tho intorcst of individuals, corporations, classes, and proprictors of speclaltios. 'Thus, mustard, which ought to poy a duty, ia admittod freo of duty in the scod. Ground mustard, however, imported in bulk, is taxod 10 conta o pound, and, if in tin or glass pockages, is taxed 14 conts o pound. Now, look ot this amangement. ‘Tho men who huve sepico mills in cities are protected from tho compotition of imported ground mustard; the law gives thom a wargin of 10 couts a pound for grinding, But then coes In tho glass-manufacturer, who is protected to tho extont of 4 conts por glass bottle, and tho tin-can maker, who fa protected to the oxtent of 4 contsncan, It will bo scon that the tarif on muatard is ar. ranged not with any roforonce to the rev- enuo, but to meet tho special intorosta of the won having spiceanills, and of thoso who mako glass jarsand tin cans. Thiais but an illustration of the whole Tariff act; it is o string of speclal provisions, wnserted for the speciul benefit of somo pasticular persons or classes. Howma yonrs ago, oyclets were made by varlons proccasos and porsons, aud tho duty was 8 conta per thousand, Bome proc. oss was inveuted, however, by which tho manufacturo beenwo a wwouopoly, and forth. with Congress, through tho procuration, wo think, of Joux Buzumax, fixed tho tax at 35 per cent, which tax Lay over sinco been pald by all manufacturers aud consumers, Tho solo object and purpose of n tarifl, as well .6 of .any othor form of taxation, {4 to produce revenue, 'Lho Constitution authorizos tho hwposition of no tax, of auy kind or doscription, except a tox for rovenue, 'Fho Aworicon tariff s o tax levied for quite o differout purposo, 1t isintended to probilbit iwportations and dofeat revonue, It is in. tended to establish o minfmum rato at which imported goods may bo sold fu the United Btates, thereby sccuring to tho howe pro- ducers of like goods a margin of price within which to sell thelr own goods in oxcess of tha prices at which they could be othorwise purchased Ly consuwmers, In other ‘words, 'it s o law socuring to certalu Individuals a subsidy or Lounty, to be by them vollected of the people at large, to the defeat of revenuo to the Covernment, and to the grievous wrong of consumers, Auy Tariff act which Lss for its purposo the levying of & tax for any otber end than to produco revenue for ike Treasury is of ne. cessity unjust, oppressive, dishonest, and should be repealed, and to the extent to which guy tariff aot departs from the princi- ple of levying taxes for revenue, to that ex. tent the law becomes uujuat, and should be vepealed. So long, however, as memburs of Congress will abaudon all regard for the fun. dawmcutal principle of taxation for revenuo only, 0 long will the revision of a Tariff law based on special benefits, special bountios, and speclal subsidiea be a matter of difiiculty. ‘The tarilf of 1842 was & Whig tariff, euscted by the Whig party, and embodied the priu- ciploof taxation for protection. The tariff of 1646 was a Democratio tariff, cnacted by the Democratio party, nnd ewbodied the principle of taxation for revenue. Tho latter tarifl proved to be s0 boneficial that New Eugland became convarted, and the smond. atory ucts reducing taxation wesoall sup. ported by New England. Up to the dnte of the War, Now England was foremost in de- fonso of the tariff for revenue only. But tho legislation on tho tariff after tho War wns purcly of the naturo of bounties: it was tha eatablishment of n ystem of special legislation for apecial benefits, The whole rovonuo system became demornlized, and Congress became & mere clearing-house to sotila the balances duo from oach gang of publio plunderers to all other gangs of pub- lio plunderers. Abuses onco tolerated, like babitual vicos, aro liard to overcome., 'Tho man who has a bouniy on tin cans, glass bottles, or spice-mills, will never surrender it; ho caros nothing for principles of gov- ernment. Like tho pauper fed at the public expense, ho oducates himself to the beliof that socloty, and especially the Government, owes him what ho receives, and that it wonld bo rank despotism to take from him what belongs to him, Members of Congross aro weak, and thoy have not the courage to faco theso panpers, and tell thomn that tho peoplo must no longer bo taxed to support them. In 1872, Congress was moved, on the eve of & Presidentinl election, to reduca tho tax- ation by the tarilf 10 por centon certnin classos of goods. The faot of such roduc. tion was proclaimed as o wonderful atride in the way of reducing all taxation to tho mini- mum. But in 1875—the manufacturers and importers, having large stocks of merchau. dise on hand, produced and imported under the roduced rates—Congross, under the pro- toxt of incrensing the ravenuo, restored tho 10 per cont formerly token off, theroby odding 10 per cent to tho valuo of the wholo bulk of the morchandise in tho hands of the manufacturers and importers, giving them a oloar giftof porhaps 100,000, 000. The protonsa of incrensing tho revenuo was, of course, false. Tho rovenua from tho incronsed tariff foll off, in tho two yonrs 1876 and 1877, nearly 240,000,000, Tho tariff for tho present yenr—1878—will not, probably, produce more than $118,000,000,—n loss of $40,000,000 compared with that of 1875, This is another illustration of tho dishonesty practiced on the country under cover of a tarilf for protection and not for revenuo, Tho actunl contenta of tho Tarlff bill now proposed in Congress wo do not know. How for it may Liave boon modeled on the princi- plo of taxation for rovenua can best bo de- tormined when mado public. We hardly ox. pect a porfect, or oven o reasonably perfect, bill, but if it moke any improvoment on tho prosont scandalous and shameloss Tarif law, then we hopo it will be passod. It is not possible to induco Congress to reform tho systom at one blow., Lot it attack it and re- form it in detail, one abuso this year, and another abnso next year, and in time the legislation on tha tarif will bo brought to somo degroo of reason, intelligonco, consis- tency, aud honesty, —e S8TANLEY MATTHEWS AND PACIFI0 BAlL- ROAD LEQGISLATION, Tho position taken by StanLey MatTnnws in the United Btates Senato relative to all legislation on existing Pacific Railronds and Pacific Railronds in #pe is dificult to compro- heod on tho theory of Mr, Marrnews' intal. ligenco and sincority, which wo do not likeo to abandon, This gentloman is fighting for tho Tox Scorr subsidy of $40,000,000 for the construction of the Texas & Paciflo Rail. road, ond ngalnst tho Huntixaton proposi- tion to build the samo rond with private eapt. tal oud without n dollar's cost to tho Govern. mont, It is Mr. Martnews, too, who has roported the bill dictated by Ja¥ Gourp rola- tivo to tho repayment of tho Govornmont odvances to tho existing Pacifio Railronds, and in opposition to tho 'Tnonay bill, which {a in the interest of tho Governmont and tho veople. It {s morally certain that not ono voter out of twonty of ecithor party in tho Btate of Ohlo, which Mr. Marraews pro. fossca to roprosont, favors oithor of tho two Pacific Railrond mensures which hie Las thus taken under his speoial protection, Wo cannot explain his indifforence to the senti. monte of his conatituonts cxcopt on the grounda that he ia a sort of aoidontal Sena. tor (filling out Becrotary Bresaan's uvox. pired torm), thot ho will go out of offico within 8 yoar, and that his successor hLns alrendy boon clocted. Novortheless, ho sliould be caroful how ho pormits himself to Lo used in theso matters by other Congress- men whoso motives are corrupt. The bill reported by Mr, Marrnews for tho Nailroad Committee, purporting to securo tho poymont of the QCovernment bonds, aud intorest thercon, {ssued for the bonefit of the Union aud Central Pacifie Ronds, provides that the Govornment shall turn over for a sinking fund one-half the componsation dua tho raflroads for Govern. ment service which bas been withheld. This 14 estimated to bo sbout $1,000,000 for onch of the two companies named. To tho slnkiug fund thus established, the two rail ronds are roquired to contribute scmi-nnuuat payment of $300,000, Itis catimated that this sum, together with the accumulation of intorost ndded thoroto evory six snonths, will amount to somothing over $100,000,000, or about two-thirds of the entire dobt due the Goverumeut from theso two companies, in. cluding the principal and interest, by Jan, 1, 1000, For the romaindor of tho debt (about 350,000,000) it is provided that cach of theo compauies shall pay £1,000,000 o year for tho cnsuing twenty-five yoara, 'There aro two poiuts in this proposition to which we desiro’to dirot spocial attention, The dobt dus the Goveromont from the compuules is estimated on tho basis of sin. ple iuterest up to tha maturity‘of the priu. clpal, which means that tho interest past due and unpaid by the cowpanies shall draw no interest ; but the Government nust allow compound Interest on the semi-auuual pay- ments. Thus the Union Pacitic owes nbout $1,020,000 yoarly intercst; It does not pay any part of this interest, under tho Mar. TaEwS propositiou, but in liew thereof mokes a somi-annual payment of $300,000 (or only 1,000,000 ayear), ou which the Government is required to allow compound interost, Wa fancy thero was novor bafora so impertinent o proposition made by dubtor to- croditor, Dut this ia not all. Tho railroads, under tho Marruews bill, and oven with the Lelp of compound interest in their favor, will not Mquidate their entire indebtodness till the year 1923, But the debt matures in 1898,— thirty yoars from the date when the bonds were issued,—and the time for ropayment as originally. fixed is thus uxtended tweonty. #even yvars. That is to say, this bill of Mr, Marrozws' virtually grants & now subsidy to thie Union and Contral Pacitlo Railroads for twenly-soven years after tho expiration of the present subsidy, Aro the American peoplo in a bumor to give Jax Gourp and bis Ring any such special benefit as this? Tho lnst Republican national platform do- clared sgainst any furtber subsidizing of corporations and monopolies, and it is.safe to say that the peoplo ore 83 much in earnest ebout this matter now as they wers then, In Mr. Mutsugws'd report favoring this bill, ho apologizos for ita excoptional favor itism by taking the ground that the railronds have the law on their side, that they enjoy a ‘‘contract” as the matter now slands, and that they will rosist any logisla-, tion to which thoy thomselves are not will- ing to accedo. Thisisan intimation that they will accept Mr, MarTinewa' torms, Wo shonld think, indeed, they conld well afford todo so, but it is by no meaus cortain that they will do 8o, The Jar Gourp Ring do not want to pny a dollar of their indebted- nors to tho Government if they can help thomselves, nnd they aro aa likely to resist tha Marraews bill as thoy aro to resist the Trunstan bill. As to the law of the cawo, wo thiuk that Mossrs. Trounsax, Davo Davis, Coyrvinag, Epuvnps, Howr, CumsTiaxcy, and McDowaLp, who constitute tha Judiciary Commilteo (which has approved the "Prunany bill), know fully as much law 08 Messrs, Matrzws and Donsey, who aro understood to be the promoters of tho bill approved by the Railroad Committeo, Wo havo alroady reconnted the principal points of tho argument made by Judgo Davia lnst week, in which ho domonstrated boyond any question tho power of Cpngress to pass and enforco tho TrunMAN I:UE The simplo fact is that Mr, MaTrnzws ap- poars in the attitude of an advocate for tho Jar Gourp Ring intorests, Thero aro n couple of dozen great railrond sharks who hiave an incomo of sbout $12,00,000 n year from tho throo principal Pacific Ronds,~tho Union Pacific, Central - Pacific, and Kan- ns Pacific,—and they draw this enormous rovenue from stock which does not represent adollar’s invostmont., Tho $64,000,000 of Government money, the $55,000,000 of pri- vato monoy borrowed on a first-mortgage of the roads relensod through corrupt Con- gressional action, and the Government land. grant, not meroly paid for tho roads twico over, ot their fair and honest cost, but ong- bled tho Credit-Mobilier scoundrels to divide up among them $37,000,000, mors or loss. The stock of thoso roadls, thorefore, ropra- sonts no money paid in, but oxtortionate charges cnabloa tho holders thoreof to de. clare dividends on it roaching as high as 8 per cent por nanum. Mr. Tavmaan's bill propoees to put o stop to tho paymont of such dividends until the companics shall have sat naido cach year an adequato sum for o sinking fund to provide for the liquidation of the Govornment railroad dobt, principal ond interest, at maturity, It is estimated that this can -be accomplished by the snnual payment of 25 por cont of the actual not carnings of tho roads, which shall be estimated by deducting from tho gross earn- ings tho nocessary exponses for operating the ronds and keoping them in ropair, and also tho interest on tho first-mortgage iudabtad- nesa, This proposition is entirely fair and ‘moderate, but that of Sranrey Matrnzws is presented in stroug contrast, innsinuch as it proposes to give tho companies greater facilities than over for continuing the pay- mont of dividonds on watered stock and for swindling the Governmont. It is not strango that n goutleman who fathers this prop. osition should nlso favor pgiving Tox Bcorr's Ring n subsidy of 840,000,000 to build awvother Pacific Road which will not cost that much, ¢ Mr, Matrnews has any consideration for public intereat, he will fol- low the suggestion of the minority repurt of tho Iouso Committce on Pacific Rail. ronds, and ndvoonte tha policy of naving the Govornment build the Texas Pacific and mako a present of it to the 'Tox Beorr Ring in proferonco to tha proposition actually sub- mitted. It is certan that the Governmont would savo moncy by this plan. If Mr, Marrnews porsists in his extravagant and indofensible position on Pacific Railrcad logislation, aud if his influenco is at all dangerous, it will bo bottor for Congress to postpona action for anotlier yoar, aftor which Mr., Marruews will aot be able to make any farther trouble, — OUE CORONER. In theso days of publio and privato dls- gruntloment, it s refroshiug to find one official, fn tho midst of city complications and county corruptions, with no stain upon Lils good name, aud one who, notwithstand- ing the serlous charactor of his oporations down among tho dead non, can prosont us at tho closo of his year with a fresh, breozy, picturesque, and philosophloal statemont of wlat Lo hos beon dolug, inveating his ghast~ ly office with a sunny cheorfulness, snd dressing up bLis corpsos in a rhotorical garb that is poouliarly attractive, Mr, Dixrzson's ‘Third Report moro than sustaing the reputa. tion ho nequired with the other two, although of necosalty ho was compelled to go over tho samo ground. It is a preof, however, of bis voraatility that he can prosent tho same topia to us fu difforont ways without loss of intoreat. In commonting upon tho great increass of murder and nanslaughtor, tho Coronor goey to the very foundations, and finds that com. pulsory education is the great romedy. iy aducational Idens ure peculiar, howaver, aud take a botanieal diraction. He would have the teachers toke tho children out into tho country, “ovor bill and valley, over mount. niny and flolds, iu tho bracing and heartorefreshing Naturo,” to collect and capturo spocimens ** in the lonely mount. alng, in the dark moss of the forost, on the barron ridgo of tho rocks, and in verdant hillsido mendows.” Ilis iden is admirablo in theory, but whero oro the mountaius, and forests, and rocks in the vicinlty of Chicago that will afford tho opportunitics he so temptingly doscribes? 1low will he Indnco tho nvarage small boy of the city to chango his hinbits of the street, and, providing him. self with herbarlum and net, hunt euntomo. logical proy in tho ** lonely mountain” and gather tho flora of tho verdant hillslde mendovw so Jong as thers is base-ball on the Lake-Front snd porch to bo caught of the Qovernment pior? Wo have no doubt it would Le bstter for the small boy to take the Coroner’s advico, instead of remaining in the city, where ‘“his mind is exposed to a putrid puychological process of fermentation,” which sometimes ends *“in wrapping bis morally wrockod lifo-form in the invisible togo of a murderer’s candidacy,” But how iuit to bo done ? It is when grappliog with suicide and its causes, however, that the Coroner ¥ at his best. Ho hes made an exbaustive study of his favorite topic, and hosuminons SoceaTes, Xexoenos, Anwstorix, Ericusvs, Cicrso, Caro, Lucnrria, Beixoza, Kawr, Ficurs, Luxioxos, CGoxrag, Bomirrn, and Buax. #pzaRe to help him in its elucidation, Last year he discoursed very cloquently and learnedly on the subjact, but this year be has extended his rescarchies, and has discovered au entirely now causo, which we give in bis own words: *From 1wy obscrvation the ¢nnui and dolee far niente which are so fre- quently felt by women in hotels and board. ing-bouscs while their Lusbauds are out at business, and the many hours of the day which they must spend in the lonely roows withous children os seal occupation, sro very often the first, but significant, circumstancos to prompt enicide.” Thero is food for thought In this new observation of the Cor- oner, It presents the bonrding-house in a now and ghastly light. Chicago in a cily of boarding-honses and hotels, Thoy form one of tho principal attractions which have given her suclk a wide reputation as o placs of summer.rosort.. Ifas not tho Coroncer made a mistake, howaver, in his in- vestigation? Do ennuf and dolcs far niente provail in the Chicago boarding-house? It has alwaya struck ns that the average boarding-house is a peculinrly lively place for the averago woman, 'Thero is nlways somothing going on in the boarding-house. There {8 no timo for ennuf or the other thing, One industrious woman in a board- ing-house can keop it in a forment that will mako it resemble a bee-bive, an ant-hill, or o hornol’s nost, ns the caso may bo. The avorago landlady, who has the moral well. boing of her bonrders on her mind, will prevent them from being disturbed by ennui or doles far nicnte, cither day or night. It nearly always happens, also, that thero is one person in overy boarding-houso of n gosslpy naturo who keeps all the rost by tho cars, so that no one has time to be dull. Tho Coroner has not gone deop onough in rocking for the causes of suicide that are dovoloped in boarding-houso life. Wo doubt not that the hash in moro then one case has boon the first causo that has led to self-slanghtor, Afuddy coffee, tough, grisly, fried steaks, or hairs in tho butter, aro sufficiont to acoount for suicide, and it cannot bo denied that theso exist in o greal many boarding-houses, and that thero ia a well defined relation, for instanco, betsreon a flory red hair curied up in a dish of soup and that ultimate woariness of lifo which consigns ono to despair and self- destruction, But g0 far as ennui and dolce Jar nicnte are concernod, there is not o land. lady in Chicago who will admit that sho keops such thinga in hor houso. Tha Coro- nor closes his pleasant sereed with a touch. ing pororation, setting forth the virtues nod lamanting tho untimely fato of tho China- man Tem Fo, who sulctdod because of his desertion by o hard-hearted Bmipoxr, Ho hos built a rhetorical monument to his momory that was worth dying for, espocinlly in this dull time for laundry Lusineus. Taking the report ns a whole, it is calen. lated to improsa the goneral reading publio with a cheorful and sunny view of Coroners’ queata that ought to make M. Dierzscu's Lusiness oxcellent for the romainder of his torm. THE BIZE OF MR, BLAINE AMr. Buaise's caso ngainst Socrotary Scavnz appearsd to bo that Trussin isu’t much of n country, Hecrotary Benunz is o nativo of Prusaia ; a refloction on that country Is sup- posed to bo a refloction upon him ; and it ts, in Mr. Bramg's opinion, s great veproach upon Prussia that sho contafus fewor square milos than Montana, This disgraceful in. suflicioncy of area of Mr. Scnunz's native land is estoemod by Mr. Braing o comploto rojoindar to tho Sucretary’s argumont in tho timber-land controversy, and a vindioation of tho thloves. We do not agree with this opinion, Prussia may bo small, but sho is fmportant, She ocuts o figure in history and in European politics, Sho bas con. sidorably more woalth, moro popnlation, moro loarning, and moro caltivation, por- haps, than Mr, Brawz's native State lLas, Bosides, it makos no differenco what kind of o Btato Prussin is. Mr, Bcnunz has ceased for somo thirty yonrs to bo o citizen of Prus. sin. Ho ls a citizon of the United Btatos,— and o good citizon, too, Ho has a widor ac. quaintanco with the English langusgo and litoratare, with American social aud political history, and with tho duties of the office of Bocrotary of tho Interior, than Mr, Braixe Lns, Whon ho was in tho Senate, there was not & momber of it who did not re- spoct his ability. Tho vory men who ‘ap- plauded Mr, Buaryg's infmitable humor Inst weck woro eflont under the rebukes of Scnunz during tho Fronch arms dobato and the Ban Domingo discussion, and tho ronson they nppland Brarve now {a that they bavo a livoly recollection of Bonunz s ho was thon, The merita of this timbor-land controversy aro so plain that the wayfaring man, thongh a fool, nood ot orr. Beorotary Scnunz dis- coverod, soon after taking office, that the timber-lands ownod by the Governmont were boing regularly plundored, not by individuals, but by companica. The profita of theso companles wore onormous. It was shown that, in some instances, thoy had doubled and trobled their capital in a singlo yoar, Bomeo of those organized undor tho sct nuthorizing the construction of tho Pacifio Railways, and tho uso of Government timber for this purpose,continucd In operation long after the rallways hod beon comploted. Others without even the scmblauca of sutbor. ity woro cutting thousauds of cords from QGovernment lauds. Thore were two sufll. clent reasons for stopping this trafia, The first was that it was dopriving the Govorn. wment lands of their value, ‘Tho sec- ond was that i$ promised to couse n porma. nont injury to the country, Tho effocts of stripping any territory of ita timbor have Leen often enough shown, 'Chey have becn exhibited in Spain, whoso decadonce {5 at- tributed moro to theloss of hor forests than to any other single causo ; agnin in Franve, whero the Government has prohiblted the folling of thnbor, excopt under wpecifio authority ; again in Germony, where unew forests Lavo been plauted to supply tho places of thoso wastefully consumod; again in Indis and China, whers frightful famines have followod the removal of the timbor and the comsequont diminished rajufall, Uunder the clrenwstances, Becrotary Souvnz felt it to be his duty to briug the destruction of the Awerlcan forests to the attentlon of Cougress and the peoplo, Binca the timber. landas could not be taken up under the Home. stead and Pre-emption laws, he was unablo 1o procuro any settlemont with the doproda. tors through the offica of the Land Com- missioner. Ho had not even tho authority to well tho timber and put the proceods in the Tressury. Hae therc- fore, in the exercisa of his aiscrotion, imposed a tax of ¥l por cord stumpsge on all the wood romoved from Government land, intending thus to bring the matterfully before Congresy, it his charge should appear to be burdensome. It certainly was not in itself unreasounnbla, Privato owners of tho land, it is safe to say, would not lot a cord of wood be cat for less than §4 or $3, wheroas BSouvzsz charged only §1. The price was, if anything, too little, But BAr. Drixz at once coustituted himsel? the special cham- plon of the timber.thioves, and came for- ward with a propoaition that the stumpage should be 15 cents per cord. In sodoing he sdmitted that Secretary Scavsz bhad not ex. ceedod bis authority, but, at the moat, merely erred In the oxercise of his discrotion. IHe cast a doubt even on tho sincerity of this last poaition Ly attacking the Sccretary with bitter personal feeling, and adopting the re. matkablo argument that, because ho was Vorn in Prussia, ho could not know much about the merits of the case, The conduct of Mr, Brawsz in this affalr raisen n question na to his own sizo, which in A matter of moro pertinenca to the discussion than tho size of the Kingdom of Prussis, Aa n pstand proapective candidate for the Presi. doncy, hio ocenpion a large sharo of public at- tontion, The philosopher says that man shows his truo nature whon sufforing from disappointmont ; and wo may consequently beliove that Mr. Brane has beon more his trua polf sinco his great disappoiutmont at Cincinnati than ever before. Thoro fa noth. ing more surprising abont his trie self than the smallness of it. If ho had boon any way large man, he wonld havo managed to conceal his disappointmont, Ifo would have discussod publio questions from a broad, statesmanliko platform; and pretend- od to love his colintry moro than himsolf, whether he did or not. Ho hias not mnde this hollow pretonse, Ilo has beon (ho spoiled child of the Sonnto ovor sinco the session began, o has constantly obtruded his personality upon it, ond bas played the demagogue—whother in his attack upon Massachusotts, in his two- faced position on tho :Bilver Lill, or 1n this present warforo upon Becretary Scniunz, Ia Lringing overy question to the test of por- sonnl advantage or disadvantage, he has in. vitod porsonal criticism, and has had more than enough of it from such nowspapers s tho Boston Advertiser, the Now York 7'imes, the Cincinnati Commercial, and the 8t. Louls Glode, 1In short, ho has damaged his Presi- dentinl prospects from sheer pottishness and incapacity ; oud ho has not even tho gratifi. cation of his malico to show for tho surren- der of his Liopes and his ambition. Becrotary 8nenyvan acted promptly upon the protest of Tne Tamsuse ngalnst tho up- pointing of a Special Tressury Agent from Now York to investigato charges preferred ngainst the New York Custom.lonse, On Bnturday last he romoved Bruem, the Now- Yorkor, and substitatod N, W. Dinomax, of Boston, as recommended by Tae Tamune, Wo linve some hopesof tho success of this movement for reform since tha change in tho personnel of the Commission, What the Comuission, as at firat constituted, Inckod was o courageous leador. If we are corroct- ly informed, this want is supplied in the per- #on of Mr, Brvouax, It is announced that tho mombers of tho Commission aro directed to* roport at Chicago immediately for two purposes,—first, to investigato tho Now York charges ogainst Chieago appraisomonts; and, socond, to cxnmine carefully all tho charges that Chicngo merchants Lavo to mako against tho New York Custom. Houso. Whon these objects shall have been accomplishod, the Commission is to procoed to othier Western ports with the samo pur- poso; nnd when its work in the Wast is finfshed, with all of the charges mado by the Western peoplo against the New York Cus- toru-1ouso management massed, it will pro- ceed to Now York City to examine into thoir truth, Wo havo a single suggestion to mnke: Lot the Chicago importors assomble in pub- lic meoting, and resolve to mako to the Com- miesion n cloan breast of tholr griovances. Lot thom appoint a Committeo to collect ovidenco on tho subject of tho investigation, aud let the Committes invite statomenta from aoll partios in intorest. For this pwpose the Committee should hold daily sessions at o place publicly snnonnced, and whon tho ovidence is comploto the Committeo will be fully prepared to confer with the Commission and place in its hands tho neccssary facts to constitute the basis of its work {n New York, It fs to be hoped that the importers of Ohicago will sefzo this opportunity and make the most of it. It is also to bo hoped that the importers | of other Western cition will join heartily in the effort. It s of vital importance to tho West thot frauds on the customs revonuo at tho port of Now York sball be suppressed; but they nover will bo suppressod unless the morchauts, the press, and the people of the West unito in s detormined offort to ronder overy posaiblo assistanco in their suppres- slon, Just now the laugh s at tho cxponse of Dr. Jouxn A. luce, a somewhat noted Wisconsin Democratie voliticas and o member of the Htate Scuate from Waukesha Couuty, Inde- tall the suecdoty ruus {u this way: Twenty years ngo and more, thero settled In Hartford, Washington County, & German by tho name of BwaspoLLex, o pottor by trade. Delog very pour, hie squatted on the roilroad right of way, bullt u slub sbanty, end {n 8 swall way plied his busliesa of woking pottery. e brought with bim from the old country two small stoucs for grinding cluy, that fu slze and shape might bave rescwbled the stoues used by the pro- historte races for grioding corn, BwanvorLxn soon died, und his famlly scattered. ‘The ruile road company removed his shunty, and the bauk. Ing outside burled the worthlcss stones that have sluca been the subject of scluutitle nguiry. The little mound that covered them grassed over, and for twenty yeurs they wero sutlered to rest frow thelr labors, Hka their late waster. Abuut a year ago they were uxhumed by mere ocels dent, and the students of the prebistoric began toscratch thelr hesds. Bwanvortsi and his Hlttle pottery shauty, ke tho autics-of e VAN Winkss in his uative villuge, had fuded from the momory of gil vseept the oldest fubabitants, sud the fncipleat archivolugista of the villugs felt assurud thut thoy had struck a rich lead, The famea of the lttle millstones fually pene- tratod tho sectusion of Mertoy, where Dr. Rick resides, nud be sent bis tewn to Harttord for them, with the vrowiss to send thew to tho Wisconsin Btate Histurical Sucloty, which ho did, with a fult aud learved description of them as “the best specimens ot the kind yet discavered.,” Tho Doctor had fu prevaration a very Jearued and elaborate paper upon YThe Prohistoric Evidences In Wisconan," baslug his theory upan these poor stunies uf the deceased BwANDOLLEER, when the scientitic bub- ble burst, und tho platn story of thuold potter was toll by an old settler! And so the Doctoe has deteriined to devote himsclf more closely thau ever tohiscxiensive practice, and towmunip. ulativg the Democratle politiclaus of Wauke- sha County, aud not o prylug about the coun- try after prebistoric remuius, e bas published weveral Jutters u the uewspapers explulnfug bow it came to passthat ho got v badly fovled, but ke ouly mukes the matter worse, uud the laugh at bis expeuse has becomo epldemty, Nobady has thougbt it wortt his waile during these dark and trylug bours to overbaul his ADDISON for the churming sketeh of *The Po- Mtical Upholsterer,” aud, when found, to ses what they had to say fu those days of the East- eru Question, the Unspeakuble Turk, aud the #reat Northern Power, *Thu Jute conduct of o certaln Priuce affords,” sald the cininent quid- nune, “ureat matter of speculation,” Clearly this forsbadowed Prince Bismanck; aud then did not this relste tothe English fronclads ln the Bea of Marwors, which wus thought to be mendced by Russian torpedocs: By somo news be bad lutely read from Muscovy, it sp- peared tu bim that there was a storm gatbering {u thy Black Sea wbich might in thue do burt to the naval forces of this uatlon. For his part be could pot wiih to se¢ the Turk driven out of Europe, which by Dbelieved could mot but by prejudivial to our wouleu wauufacture.” This was bo- foro England had Indla and the Snez Cina), and ero Manchester's myriad spindles Nad volce in shaplog the national potley, but the sentiment is unaltered. It s only necessary to add that the uplioloterer then “‘began to exert Limself upon the present negotintions of Ppeuce, In which ha deposcd Princes, settled the bounds of kingdums, and balarced the power of Europe with great justice and mpartislity," and thgy when Abpison lent him five shillings, to o re turned twenty-fold “when tho Great Turk was driven out of Coustantinople,” the political upholsterer **lald down the impossibility of such an cvent, as the aflairs of Europe then stood.” It s acentury and three-quarters alico then, but even now the Lietrs of ADD13ON caunoy yet call upon thoso of tho political upholsierer for those £5. B e After an cxtensive post-mortuary observatfon, Coroner Dinrzscit hes arrived at the conclusion that tho ennul and dolee fur niente 8o trequently felt by women fu hotels avd boarding-houscs while thefr husbands aro out at business arg boding causes of suletde. Therels much phi losophy in this romark of the Coroner, though the lden is not original. BoardIng-houses haye long been recognized as conduclve to sulcides, e ——— A questfon ‘having arisen fn the 8t. Louls Behool Commlttes na tu the continuance of tha study of German in the publle’ schools, certaln eccentric Individuals urged the adoption of & resolutfon that Irish should hereafter form s part of the reeular studles. There would seem to be sowma logic tn this demand for the popular- ization of the offictal language of American politics. ——— The people who live in tho rural districts of Massachusetts preserve many of the old-fash. foned trafts of thelr Puritanical ancestors, The Mormons recently triod to establish a colony in the Village of Bhutesbury, but the simple vil. lage ofiicials pounceil upon them and placed them fu fail a8 dangerous charactors. g St usieniign by There {8 & melancholy Intereat attaching to tho statement of our poctical Corouer that tha year 1878 witncssed five sulcldes from broken hearts, while Inthe year that s fled an equal number suffered from broken banks. Thus beauttfully Is illustrated the fact that love and money are the roots of all evll, e 25 As the State of Virginia has declared Itselt unable to creet an observatory for th telescope vresented to tho State Unfversity by Mr. Lran. penJ. McConruick, uf Chicago, an effort will Lo made by tho students and alumn of the fnstltu. tion to rulse the required amount of §30,000, oyhie oot 1t was not long ago that Boston was plously exorcised over the savings-banks. disasters In this city. The long lanc of fallures Lias turned, and Boston fs now tho vietln, wnich explaing why the singing from that dircetion s so small Just about this time. —————— Prince (onTscmakory once sald that o war botween Russia and England would bo lkes fletit between a dog and a fish, 1f the war real- 1y comes to pass, wa predict that the cog-lish will win, ———— ‘Thera Is sald to be a man in Washivgton who tannot get an ofilce because his disqualificas tious a3 & Unlon soldier Lave not been remoyed, i PERSONALS, M. Taine is aunounced ns o candidate for tho chair vacant ot the Freuch Academy through tho duath of Thiers, My, Jofferson, quitting the rotiremont of bis Lowsiana plantation, will resume acting eatly In Aorll, ot Philudelphla, Gronville Tremain, son of Lyman Tremuin, a promising young lawyee of Albany, aud tho Ree publican nominee last year for the Attornoy-Gene eralshio of New York, is dead, The marringe of Baron Blanc, tho Italian Minister, and Miss Terry, of New York, s fixed for April. Tho troussesu isto Le unnsually rich, sud Is being prepared in Paris. Tho Crown Princo of Austria, while in Dublin, acted 1k snob, 1Mo spoke {l of his hostess, the Duchcss of Marlborough, ond ot & ball, leading out her daughter, ho suddenly aban- duncd ber for tho daughter of a Colonel. In sn independant ischool-distriot necar Phlladelphis, the other day one, man acted as Judge, Inspector, and clerk, cast the only volo polled. and returnod the wsual certificato ta the Clerk of the Court. ITo did not bolt, por was there any *‘acattering™ vote {n his precinct. Quoen Victoria lives in nino houses at once, namoly : Bt.James' and Buckingham Palaces, Loadon; Windsor Castle, Neiks; Kchalngton Palace and Hampton Court, Middlesex; Ostorno Mouse, Islo of Wight; Holyrood House, Edinburg; Dalweral, Aberdeen, sod Dublin Castle. Tenuyson's son, Lionel, is a young man of 24, dellcate and somewhat angular in figure, with an unuitractive face. ‘Fennyson's daughter-in- law,Rlles Bleunor Mary Bortha Locker thdt was, 1s about threo years youngur, alitha littlo brunctte, standing sbout four feet oight, with m swoetly. proity profile, aud s tip-tilted.liko.the-petal-of- a-flower nosc, Bir Garnot Wolsoley §s the sama height as tho great Napoleon, but differs from him In keep: Ing bla figurc. Sir Garnet's pacullarity fs, st oll thaos aud upon all occaslons, to be seen with hie arms crosscd, 1o wan offered o barouetey, bot had not sutlicient means to kecp up the dignity, so pre- ferred nccenting £10,000 ana a K, C, 5, Theroare somo littie Garnots, A bill hias been introduced into the Ponn. sylvania Legislature making it a criminal offense toluvite s pursun to toko a drink. It strikes e that this 1s beginnlng o reform ot the wrong end. T'he propensity to lavite people to drink fu not nour so alarming 8e is the propensity tu sccept wuch invitations. Thls, of coursc, Is speaking frow an Eastery standpolut. Tho Chicago peoplo registored at the Ege mont llotel, Fernsndins, ¥la., are: The lloa. Johu . Dore, Ferd W. Peck, Clarence J. Peck, W, 1L Menry, Matilds Flotcher, David Brudley aod wife, Gen. Jobn L. Thompseon, E. C, Hallen, Mra, J, W, Dickinson, . Faysou Buith, B, Kid- d wife, James cavilie and wife, 1. U, ulker, and the Hon, B, F. Pulsifer, Tho Earl of Buaconsfiold ia ouo of the best dressere In England; he has ou the aversce s plug hat o wonth. his trouser usually of u light Jsv+ ander, and bls coats po o in dt, His valet it scrupulous about tho arrangement of his curls, which are nuwbered; fu gory 14 dresving-gownd bis wardrobo ls sot to be surpes: one uf them 14 wurth §1,000. Hy walks with i aet un the grouud, uod takes no heed of litUs raganunius who ¢ty **Thvre goes Dizxy.* At Sandown Park stecple-chases in En- gland, two weeks 8g0, **Mr. 8¢ James,* onoof the best known of the gentlemen niders of Ene gland, waw killcd. Ifis real usme was the los. Hegluald James Mctartuey Greviile-Nugent, sud Lie wus the fourth sou of Baron Groville. 1le bad served In Ahe Coldetrenns Guards, and sat {o Parlise ment fur Longturd, though ouly 30 st s deatb. 1y was kilted ou o borse nawmed Lougford, oddly cuvugl, the salwal cowlug to grief at s wates- Jusap. At the late coursing-moeling at Allcar, oear Liverpool, the Waterloo Cup brought about & queer tzanssction, Tl saxty-Tour dogs had been reduced to four; the fuvorite, Coomassle, then veat Whistling Dick. and tho sccond fuvprits, Zaxyl, ranan undecided course with Rival Delle, the winner of which on the zuu-off would bave (0 meet Coowassio 1mumediately fu the decidiof courve, usturally ot s dlsadveulage from theex® tra exertion. . The backers of Zaxel, to uv'_lhclr greybouod, oforud thu owner of Rival Balle §3,000 o withdraw bis dogand let Zazel walk over sud wevt Coowasslo oa favurable teris, but the bavk: ere of Coomsssiv paid bio §10,000 to Fun the course, with the understanding that If hly dog woa the payment wag uot 10 affect her chances ju tho run-off with Coomasslo. Ho took this offer and bis dog was beaten, but ouly after a struggle so severd 8810 Uire Zazcl, whom Cootasale defe Ad Coomssele's backers won some $200,000, thel could uffurd to pay §10,000 to securu theuwsclyed. Tuis rewinds usuf the Enellsh Jockey whogob $3,000 for lovking ata race. It was cither Jue Keudall or George Stevens; tlwe, some tweoty years sgu. Those who had botted sgalnat Jealousy for the Liverpool grand matlonal steeple-cuss® paid the fockoy §1.500 notto ride Jealousy, 814 when the backers of Jealoasy heard of ft they psl bim §1,600 ot to ride uny other burse, 'Thus tb8 Jockey got $5 a sccond fur sitting down for W@ miuutes aud looking at & race.