Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 6, 1878, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY. MARCII 6, 1878, @ The Tribane, TERMS OF SUBSCRIFTION. One copy, per Ciub o Bpecimen coples. four.. t trey BY MAIL~IN ADVANCE—FOSTAGE PRETAID, Pally Editton, one year., 81 Parts of & year, 0. Glve Post-Ofice addrees fn fall lncludiog Statesnd County. Remtttances may bo mads efther by Araft, expreas, Post-Ofice order, of in registored letters, 81.our risk. TERMS TO CITY BUDSCRIBERS, Datly, delivered, Sunday excepted, 23 cents per week. Datiy, delivered, Eunday inciuded, 30 cents her weck. Adédren THE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Desrborn-sta., Chleago, IlL Orderafor the delivery of Tiix TRINUNE at Evanston, Englewood, and Jiyde Park left In the counting-room Willzecelve bromot attention. — TRIBUNE BRANCU OFFICES, “Tnz Cuicano TRINTRE has established branch offices for the recelptof subscriptionsand advertisements as followrs: NEW TORK~Room 20 Tribune Bullding, . T. Mo- FaAnpEN, Mansger. PARIS, France—No. 16 Rao de Ia Grange-Datelfere. H. Manczs, Ageat. LONDON, Msdiron street, Agent. AMUSEMENTS. MeVicker’s Theatre. between Dearborn and Btate. **Tho Two Orphans.” Tlooley’s Theatre. Randolph street, between Clark and Lafalle. Engagement of the Oatcs English Overa Douffe Troupe. Afternoon, **Tho Urand Duchess,” KEvening, !*The Protty Pertamer.” Now Chicago Theatre. Clark street, opposite Sherman House. ment of W, Irving Blshop, the Antl-Epiritiat and Mind Leader. Afternoon and evening. Boss Rand. Hinverly’s Theatre, Monros street, coraer of Dearborn. Engagement of **Clfo,” Afternoon and evening. Coliseum Novelty Theatre, Clark street. opposite Court-Ilouse, Varlety pers formanco. TESPERIA LONGE, Xo. 411, A. F.and A, M.—The ified o attend's Itegulas Come« he Jiail, comier lisndolph eventny members are hereby n munication of the MeCormick Hall, North Clark street, corner Kinzle. Taychology by I SOCIETY MEETINGS, arpenter. tits {eiinealn . Eng.—-Americgn Exchange, 40 Strand, CO, Cal.—~Palace Hotel. —eey Engage: Mesmertsm and Greenbacks ot tho New York Btock' Ex- change yesterday closed at 98, Considering tho exnlted place in American polities which Bex Wapz occupied but ten yoaris ngo, his obsequica yesterday at Jeffor- son, 0., from their simplicity and absenco of ostentation alono, bocome conspicuous upon ‘WEDNESDAY, tho day's history. e, It it is true, ns stated in‘/yesterday’s cable dispatchos, that Bulgaria, in the now parti- tion of Turkoy, will have tha port of Kavaln on tho Archipelago, it shows that tho Porto has not gained anything by its dilatoriness in signing the conditions, proposcd, Dulgeria was only to include Haloniea, but by the latest arrangement tha boundarics are carried neatly fifty miles cast- ward to Kavala, Another veto inossago will shortly bo trans- mitted to Congrosg. It hina baen declded by tho President and Cabinot that an Excoutive check sball be placed upon tho messure Lnown as tho Pine-Logbill, which has forits arcl DRES Ag e 3 MARCH ¢, 1878, As originally object the granting of authority for holding special torms of tho Ubited States Courty near tho points where seizures aro made of logs cut from GQovernmont lands, Tho grounds of disapproval will be overywhers recognized ns amply justifying the intorposl- tion of n voto—first, tho obvious difficulty of securing o fair and impartial jury in a locality wholly inhabited by persons cugaged in tho lomber {rade, and moro or less in sympnthy with tho lumber-thievos. or the Lotders of the stolen proporty; second, tho - fact that the appropriations for holding Fed. cral Courts aro exhnusted, and if the bill Lo como alaw thero would bo no funds to en. able the Government to carry it into effoct, e —— . Tho resolution offered by Mr, Beck, of Kentucky, relative to the expodicncy of waintaining the present rato of taxation for tho purpose of reducing the national debt, ‘wag yesterday referred to thoe Senato Financo ‘Committoo, from whom an adverso roport is expected somowhat a8 a matter of courso, ‘The subject, however, i8 ono which should reccivo scrfous consideration by the Com. mitteo, and the farther they look Into it the moro thoy will become convinced that an ndversq roport 1a not nocessarily n matter of course, It is well worth while for the Sen- ate to fnqulro whether 'tho rapid rate ot which the debt is being extingulshed does not ontail 8 Leavier burden than the poople ought to bo called upon to boar,—whether the presont generation, which furnished ail tho blood, {8 not furnishing more than its share of the treasure which it cost to save tho Union, Thero is u gencral feoling among the peoplo that the taxpayer of the future ought to have s chanco to do somothing toward reducing the big debt. inn very reduced condition, According to tho roport of tho Auditor of Virginia, that great State, the Mother of Presidents, Ig, from a financial point of viaw, The above- naned officer, us In duty bouud, his brought his great griovances to the attention of the Legislaturo now in scssion, and dilatos ot ‘some length nnd with much apparont fecling upon the impecunious condition {ato -which the great Commonwenlth Los driflod. Mo setd forth tho alarning fact that the Treasury vaults present tho most beggarly aspect, and tlot after raking together his cutiro stock of ready cash he can ouly figure up the sum of &350 with which to run the Btate Govorn. mout. 'Tho primary cause of this woful de. Bcicucy is ono which oporates largely in the sawe dircetion nearer home, viz,: the failure of the peoploto pay their taxes, The Audi- tor coolly inforus tho Solons that if they would recorvo their per diem thoy must hit upon some schemo 10 procure the funds therefor, us bis borrowing facilities are ex- bauited, and the banks have closed their doors sgatnst him with the notice that he Lay alroady overdrawn his acconnts, ——— There aro some things to which the com- iog Democratic Couvention will be unable to point with pride. Tho Democratio House is one of them. It bids fair to pass into his- tory as the weakest assembly in poiat of brains and tho most worthless and incficlent s regards attention to business that ever gathered in Washington. It will go on record a8 the champion do-nothing House of ali time. Although in continuous session for threo months, s large proportion of the routine legislation is not so fur advanced it should be at the cod of process of disintegration. ono month. There i3 no leadership among the Domecratic majority, no control- ling power whose authority is recognized in tho direction of affairs. None of the sp- propriation bills havo beon so much ns con- sidored by the respectivo Committees. Tho ‘Ways and Means Committeo is an admitted failuro, Its Chairman, contrary to all pre. cadent, neither exercises mor is entitled to cxerclse any authority s parliamentary lender by consent, whilo the great work of the session, so far na this Committee is con- cornaed, the bill for the revision of the tariff, {s an impotent, disgraceful piece of botoh. work, There seems to be no possibility that the sesslon can be closed with all the com- pulsory legislation accomplished before the first of September. DBy that time the people of the United Btates will be able to deter- mine whether thoy can stand another two- years' doso of the same sort. The Ways and Monns Committea of the House of Reprosentatives ara still laboring over tho tariff. Tho latest question decided by them is to fix n scale of dutieson lumber. The distinction between manufactured and unmanufactured wood is, or ought to be, a plain one, and the difforenco between a duty on boards in the rough and the duty on boards plancd, tongued, etc., ought to be easily ndjusted. But this Committeo have gone into a eritical exnmination of how often a plane may be rubbed over a board without increasing the duty thereon, and havo under. taken to moko o difference in tho duty on boards planed on ono side and thoso planed on both sides, and what rato per cent ade ditionnl shall bo added to boards tongued and grooved. Tho seale of lumber-dnties will bo & monnment of the indnstry of tho Committee in Inboring to get up n bill which will not pnes and ought not o pnss, The best thing the House can do, when the bill shall bo reported, is to Iy 1t on the table, to Lo taken up no more; then appoint a come mitteo of throo members in favor of reduc- ing tho tariff to a revenno standard, and lot ‘thom roport a bill in which duties shall be lovied exclusively for rovenue, and mot to protect this man's saw.mill, that man's patent, or tho other man's bounty on dande- Lion rbots, CRUSH QUT CUSTOMS FRAUDS AND UNITE THE BEPUBLICAN PARTY, The Republivan party is seriously dividod. This is so evidently a fact ns to bo beyond dispute. Tho President removed the press- uro of military power and surveillanco from tho States of the South, and in that step Tne Trinune heortily justified and cordially supported him. And tho Bouthern polioy is o puccoss nolwithstanding the exhibition of palpable bad faith in Louisiana in the matter of malicious politieal prosccutions, It is uscless to ignore tho fact, howaver, that thousands of Republicans earnestly dis- sented from this policy of tho Presidont; some from honornble motives, but the greater number from narrow, partisan viows, —n desiro for tho rotention of tho old rally- ing-cry with the aid of which party victorles were won in the, past, and with the aid of which it is fondly belioved other party victorics may bo won in tho fature. These Intter are Implacablos who thirst for spoils, and can bo appeasod only by spoils. Un. fortunately tho ronks of the Implacablos of the North havo been strengthened by now accossions of late, owing to tho attitude and conduct of a far worso class of Implacables in Loulsiaua,—the prosncutors of Wrrrs ond Axpresox. ‘This action of the hot. heads of tho Bouth tends to still further alienato from tho Presidont those who origi- nally dissented from his Bouthern poliey, and &o to widen the breach in the party, On tho sllvor question thero is also a broad difforenco of opinion in the Republican par- ty ranks, On this aubject tho President’s views are known to bo opposed to thoss of nn overwhelming mojority of his party gs. sociaton, and the interposition of his vato to the Braxp bill bas unquestionably atill fur. ther dividod tho organization, or, at lcast, soparatod from him large numbers of its membership. It is safo to assumo, and thore- fore wise to ndmit under thesocircumatances, that tho Ropublican party is undergolng the It cxisting differ- ences are not speedily healed, defeat in the States and tho nation awaits the party which haa been {n power sinco 1860, But such de- feat would, nevertholoss, bo o great calami- ty, It is not necossary to pross this view of the case upon Nepublicans of either fadtion. Aud wo aro quito clear that the prospect of tho accession of the Democratio party to power in 1880 would bo looked upon &s a calomity, not only by Ropublicans, but by sober-minded, substantial citizens gonerally, regardloss of their abstract political views, The Democratio parly has given no sign of increased wisdom, or of a higher dogreo of political integrity, It isthe samo old cor- rupt “machine,” dovoted to tho pursuit of spolls, that it was in tho timo of Jacxsow, when SBwanrwour, the then Collector of tho Port of New York, decamped with twelra Aundred thousand dollars of tho public money. It is worth while, then, for Republicans, not to say patriotio citizens of all shados of political opiunion, to cast about for means wheraby to hoal tho broach at present unde- niably existing in the ranks of the Republi- can y—to stop the process of party dis- integration, 1y there no common ground upon which Republicans of all shades of opinion can bo brought solidly together? Wo think thero is. When the prosocution of ‘I'weep took shapo, every honest mun in New York City, and indecd in tho whole country, rallied to its support. Evon Samver J. Tioen, although for wmeny years intlmately asso. ciated with Twee, and gencrally bolieved to have been o party to many of his political crimes—even Lo was compelled, by tho exi- geucies of the situation, to join in the pur. sult of hus old friend, tho monstrous thief, Indiguation agaiust the great public robber was 80 hot that it Lrooked no division of the people, Republicans, Democrats, Independ- ents,—overybody who cared to proserve a reputation for honesty sud respectability,— supported the authorities in the cffort to brng Tweep to justice. No political party organs dared to maintain an sttitude of cooluess or indiference on the subject which monopolized publio attention, No New York City journal, however intimate might have been the relations of its mansgords with Tweep, dsred—not one of them dared—to romain silent in regard to the pending prosecution of the great thie? and robber. Aud this onencis of purpose per. vaded every scotion of the country, Tween's crimo wos troated as o national shame, a stigma upon the American name; and the press nd the people joined in the demand —meking it one universal acclaim—that stern justice should bo msted out to the offender against the laws, both moral and statute, and against pablio docency. Now wo affira tlat there is at present existing in the publio affairs of the country 8n abuso more gross, an oulrage more with tho flagrant, & scandnl moro blasting to tho reputation of the American notion and name, than the crimo which consigned the name of Tweep to lasting infamy, and his per. son to a felon's cell. We moan the the abnso, tho outrages, and tho seandalous practices pravailing in tho conduct of the Now York Custom-Honse, whereby that pub. lic institation is converted into a sink of iniquity, The disclosure of Tweep's thiev. ery to the oxtent of two or three millions of dollara per annum fora decads convulsed New York City with n spasm of horror; and the disclosure was promptly followed by n universal burst of righteous indignation. But notwithstanding it {s notorious that ten times the nmount filched by Tweep is an- nually stolen from the Government dues, by thieving brokora and importers, through tho ineflicienoy of the chiefs and the corrup- tion of the subordinates of the New York Custom-House, still, on the part of the pross and peoplo of New York City, there iz a silence on the subject ns absoluto as that of the grave! The extent of this monstrous annnal robbery has boen estimated, and pub. lished, and commented upon from timo to time by Beerotarics of tho Treasury and by Civil-Bervico and other Commissions, But if any official of tho past in high station ever thought of making an effort to crush out the mammoth ovil and bring the rascally thieves to tho bar of justice, ho smothered the thought to death {n tha silence of hisown brenst. Thero {8 & tradition to the effect that tho Hon. Preston Kixo, when appointed Col- lootor of tho Port of New York, resolved to proba the vilo nest of corruption to the bot- tom, and that he hctually took somo steps to that end. Bhortly afterwards his dead body was found flonting in the North River. ‘Whether he was assassinated by tho ring of robbers, or was driven to despair and in. sonity by a too keen percoption of the mag- nitude.of the task he had sot himeelf to per- form, will never be known, “The Jay Com. mission reports are replete with evidence of every spacies of inefiiciency and corruption smong all classes of subordinates in tho Now York Custom-House, from tho highest to the lowest grade. But from the first word tho last of those reports there is not o line of reproof to the chiefs undor whose managoment nnd immediate observation the monatrous frauds arc committed! Thero is no parallel to the apathy shown npen this subject, by both Government and people, in the history of official erime, either in this or any other country, ‘Tho abuse is so honry trick of uso that it secems to havo taken on an odor of sanc. tity liko some troditionary blasphe- mous or immoral practice of tho dark nges. DBat thissilenco a8 of the grave, which has so long cnveloped an evil so monsatrous that in its presenco the crime of Twees is dwarfod into tho shrunken proportions of o petty offense, is destined soon to be dispelled. Some spark falling upon the mino of corrup. tion will cause an explosion whose thun. derous noiso will shoek indifference into nctivity, and so compel roform. : Will tho Presidont and the Becretary of the Treasury strike tho blow? Wil they grapplo with tho monster that Las impudently and succossfully defled all their prodecessors, from Jackson down to the prosent time? It is tho President who grandly sald: *Ho ‘serves his party best who serves his conntry best.,” Hero s an opportunity to serve both country and party. The sound of the blow that smites the guilty officials of the Now York Custom-House will reverborate throughout tho length and bioadth of the land, ewmrrying sssurance of a reform so sweoping and grand that no honest man con resist the Impulse to unite with the Administration for its prosecuation, Then there will bo such a unfon as there North whon tho boom of tho Rebel cannon was among patriots at the slot at Fort Sumter producod an echo of anguish in the secrot recosses of ovory heart, Thero will be a demand for honesty wherae the dishonesty that has reigned mcans the losa of $26,000,000 per annum to the publio rovenues. There will bo absolute unity of thought and purpose, and this unity will ex- tend from baine to California. This unity will brook no opposition ; it will not tolerato silence. It will demand spcech from the presa, not nlone of the interior, but of Now York City. And the press of the chief city, its shackles once removed, will come to the front and clamor 08 londly for reform as it did whon Tweep was driven bohind the bars of the Btate Penitentiary, This willbo o stroke for Civil-Bervice roform that will touch the heart of the bitterest Implacable, It will plant that much-sbused polioy down deep in tho hearts of tho people; so doap that all tho machino politicians in all tho political parties in tho country can nover wronch it from its scoure resting-place. ) BISMAROK'S SPEECH, The intimation that the forthcoming Con. ference may be held in Berlin, and that in such & case Princo BisMincx msy prosido over its deliberations, londs additional intor- cst to the spoech recontly delivered by tho Chancellor 1n the Imperlal Parliament, ‘While tho speoch waa largely devoted to do- flning the interests of Germany and her frioudly relations with tho rest of Europe, especially with the othor two Powers in the Triple Alliance, thero was a hint thrown out that is an omen of peaco, It {s contained in bis declaration that he scos no adequate reason for war in the situation, and that Germany can hold the balauce evenly b~ tween Russia and Austria. It Germany sees 1o rceson why thero should bea war, it is uot likely that Austria, whq only moves as Bisuwancx pulls the string, will, or that Rus. sis, who cannot afford to antagonize Gore many, will, These three Powers are just now viowing the situation through the samespec- tacles, Thebasis upon which tho Chancellor establishes hia pacifio structure ssemsto havo special reference to England, Hecalls nt. tention to the fact that Russia now holds possession of the whole of Eastern Europe from the Danubo to the Bea of Marmors, and that, while this result was a foregone conclu. sion from the very outset, not one Power in Europe has decmed it of sufficlent couse. quence to make any effort to prevent it. ‘Curkoy alone has fought to alntain herself uorth of Constantinople. The othor Powers have not lifted a finger to sid her, and have not uttered @ protest sgainst what they may have thought to be llusian pretensions, Upou this statemont of unquestionablo fact Princo Buaaxck asks if it is likely that any Power will disturb the occupation of Dul. garia by the Russiang, when §¢ would not spend a dollar or & single life to maintain the Turks in posscasion of this and other prov- fuces. In tracing still further the bearings of this point, he intunates, with that irony that is peculiar to bim, that any Power that would take the destinies of East- ern Europo out of Russia’s hands only loads itself down with Russias responaibilities, and accepts as & legacy the undesirable frag. weonts of the recent Turkish Ewpire, Ho nssortfon of legislative and governmental control, by which pooling and other abomi. dircotly states that hg does not envy Russin the job sho hns on hand in administering upon the affects of the Bick Man, now to all intonts and purposes a dead man, and as Gormany is moro competent to do it than ouy othor Power, having loss personal inter- ost involved, he may well declaro that ho caunot soe how any nation oan fight for such a priviloge, and dismiss ail ideas of war. With regard to the vexed quoestion of the Dardanclies, ha says Jn his spesch that he has information which renders certain n sat. isfactory solution, This declaration must have been based upon assurances from Rus- sin that the question would be referred to the Conforencs, as has alroady transpired, Russin making no pretense of con. quest in that direction, and atipulating for ils scttlement by tho Powers, by which decision she will abide. That she has no idea of making the Dardanclles a Russian strait is nlready shown by. her walving all claim which she might have legitimntely made to n part or the wholo of the Turkish fleet. Thero ean be little doubt that upon this point Germany, Austria, and Russia are agraed, and that tho sottlement of the ques- tion in the Congress will not Involve very grave difficulties, The speech, ns a whols, is an argument for peace, and that poace iabased upon the neutrality of Germany, which has been s0 carofully maintained that she is the ronl arbitor in the present struggle. She has no rivalries and no conflict with any other Power, Bhe holds the scales in hes own bands, and she can turn them one way or tho other, ns she may choose, with her vast army. When such a Power saya theroe i no causo for war, the prospects for peaco aro vory nssuring. THE WOLF AT THE DOOR. Tho fact that o bill has boen reported in tho Houso of Represontatives establishing a Baren of Commereo, and proposing to put the operation of rnilronds under the control of nntional legislation, is recognized by some of the Naw York papers ns an cvidenco that the policy pursucd by tho rallroad managers has renched that point that public opinion domands just such n remedy as is proposed. The New.York Journal of Commerce, one of the most conservativo papers in the country, openly declares that the railrond manage- ont, by itspooling dovices, has forfeited all sympathy, and meritaonly the most vigorous treatmont from Congross and from the State Leglslatures. Roviewing the recont action of tho Chambor of Commerce on this sub- Joet, the Journal condemns it as altogether too mild, ond 8s not equal to the occasion, That paper says: ‘The appointment of legislativo commisstons **to inquire’* {a the last refuro of weakness, and the Cammitteo flles to it of courso, But the tima for inqoiry was past long ago. All rorta of private commfttoes, with the newspapers In the van, have been inquiring for yoars into (he raliraad abuscs, Ther {s nothing new to ba learned about thom, 1t I8 now a well-sottled fact that eomo legislation is Indispensublo to regulato Lhova créatures of tho Btato which so porvert their trasts. Tha Commit- {oo missed anotiicr good opportunity, It should have Intorfected a kind word for tho ‘report of a 1lause Commiites on the Rogulation of Inter-Stata Commerce. Thia Committes of tho lower branch of Congress hus put itsolf ou tho right plane so far an jtgocs, 1t praposes to pronlbit poolw and uil unjuat discrimivations on roads running between the States. The report alms to do the same,_work in which the Chamher of Commorco 18 enisted, und it onght to receive the liesrty aporoval of that dy, But the Commiiteo of tho Chamber passcs 1t without allusion. _ This Is not tho backin: from ono'a friends which Mr, lraaax had o right'to ex- Eucl. At rome futnre coting of the Chamber wo ono to sco this omission repaired. Considering tho strong donuneiation onco showered upon tho Grasgor legislation of tho West, this langunge shows that tho mercantile classos of the Enstern cities now experienco the outrages which o fow yoars ngo wero inflicted upon the pooplo of the Westorn Statos, Fivo yoars ago it wos threatened that if legislative control of rallronds was attémpted, the capl- tolists of the East would stop all tr‘nlflu, and, it nced bo, tear up tho rails, and nover, no never, lond o dollar, or have nny further dealings with the West. Now, wo have the New York Hulletin, ono of the papers that Lias opposed all the!legislation by tho General Government ns ** Centralization," and, as such, a thing to be abandoned, gravely do- claxing that tho railronds, by their pooling and othor general rutogonism to public in. tercats, havo forfeited oll consideration, and should now be disciplined by the forcible natlons should bo rendered impossible, It thinka the roilronds have by thelr conduct 1nvited the wolf, and that tho wolf {s now at the door. Itanya: Qur good friends, the Rallroad Presidents, weare inclinud to think, must bu couvinced by this thing that tha schome for placiug our catiro systom of Iand transportation by steam under the anage- ment of a Federal roau is, ufter all, something more than an abatruction, or at most & menace only in the {nterests of tho merchants, tho farme cra, aud tho businers clasw t larges who havo besn complatuing of the Lardships of tho pooling wyatem and the odlons ininatlons, ‘o say nothing of the uncortaintica and porploxitios ate tending its attemptod enfurcencnt, Mr, RuacAN and the Congresvmen who are backing hiw up ary evidently acting upen tho conviction that they couldnotnossibly have amora favorablo opportunity for carrylug thelr project Into cfect than lu now presupted, A continoation of great rallway cor- porations on ln{ pretonso preacuts itself “to tho ponular mind as simply & gigautic mouopoly, which ‘wiil not only lisve tho commercial uud businees fn- turests at its morcy, but which will nut scruple to extend ita influence uluo to leglalutivo bodies when- ever their futercsts bappen to point in that direc~ tlon, As for tho rallroad corporations, it need ouly bu eald that thoy huve shut thuie uycs and care ¥operalatently fo 18 premonltion, a if revlved 10 pursue their own policy, rezardless of other fn- torcuts and other intiuences, that they cay hardly be regarded ne prover wubjects of sympatly. Tho rlcll, us thelr sincerost friend, haw siood bolweon hew'and tho Fedural wolf whic now threatena to devour them uutll §t can_serve them no longor, Thio wolf s at the door, Our concern nuw 1s jess for tho rallroads than for tho muny other intercats which, under tho sama Insplration, tu dua tiino will prabably bo placed under tha cara of the pae terns! Government, into wWhoso hands the raitroady Lave thus beon Llindly playing, Tho roads, however, coutinuo to * pool,” and to carry on their business with os much indifferenco to publio intcrests as if thoy were eatablishod monopolies, sooure in possession of absolute rights, and not men. acod by logislative interforence, backed by the opinion and determination of the groat body of tho people, PEACE IN CU3A. Tho insurroction in Cuba has come to an ond, It was overcomo Ly an offur of am- nosty, which reached tho insurgents when thelr resources woro exhausted and their couso seomod hopeless. Thoy might have fought on for years—perhaps oven uutil they had obtained recoguttion from the United Btates—if the morciless policy which former- ly animated tbo Spanish Government Lad continued fu forao; but the prospoet of pardon nnd a restoration to their political privileges was too much even for thefr stern patriotism, and they succumbed when they wero nearest the realization of their hopes. 1t is unquestionably true that every year which passed and loft the insurrection un. subducd added to its moral forco. ‘The spec- taclo of & brave people struggling sgainst frightful odds to asgert their jndopendence appealed powerfully to the sympathies of froo and eulightoned nations. 'These sym- pathies could not be repressed by considera- tions of diplomatic relations or the prece- dents of international law. It was not suf- ficient to say that the inswection had been unsuccessful or that tho Republio had no seaports and no navy, Tho simplo fact that the insurrection had beon maintained for ten but “to deliver up all papers, books, rec- ords, and other things appertaining to his lawfully required to doso." Asthisls the mandato of the law, it cannot be overborno by thonct of tho County Board. Butif the Board may loase a portion of the books of the XIocorder’s office, prive, indeed it must doprive, tho Recorder of his posscssion of themn, and 0 ronder him powerless to fulfll the conditlon of his bond; sud it it may deprive him of a portion of tho books of his of. fico, it may deprive him of all yenrs was onongh. Peopla saw that the Cubnnis, whether thoy had a national exiat. onco or mot, had strength onough to keep the Spanish Government fully em- ployed. Inten yonrs thoy used up 160,000 Bpanish soldiors and $50,000,000 of Spanish treasures. They ocoupied tho mountafns of the contral and enstern provinees, nh{ were in their own territory practically invinelble. Thoy had at lenst tho semblance of o Stata Governmont, including a Pgesident and Con- gress, They had also trua patriots among them,~mon who had sacrificed princely for- tunes and imperilod their lives in the canse of indopendence. These men resisted to 1ho last, and wers overpowerad in tho peace by tho mutiny of thelr followors, who clantored for tho bribes held out by the Spanish Government. Tho offect of peaco upon the finances of Cuba can hardly fail to be salutary, Penco was essential to the rostoration of a tolerablo condition of prosperity. Cubs had ceased to ba the Queon of the Antilles. Tho island was always victimized by misrule and rav- aged by ruinous mathoda of oultivation, but it was bofora 1868 n sourco of constant rove- nue to Bpnin. Of its total annual revenue of $26,000,000, nbont one-fourth was annu. ally romitted to Bpain, After the breaking out of tho fnsurrection thess remittances censed. The Spanish Government was hard pressed to poy its own expenses at home, and it could do mothing to defray the cost of putting down tho rebellion jn Cuba. This burden consequently fell upon the in- Labitants of the island, Forced loans be- camo the order of tho day. Tho Bank of Havana mnde illimitablo issucs of legnl- tendor. Enormous fmport and export du- ties wera imposed. Noue of theso expedi- cnts, howevor, wero suflciont to keep up the rovenuos to tho war atandard, and, ns the population of the island embraced barely 1,100,000 people, including slaves and frood- mon, taxation had to be carried nlmost.to the point of conflscation to meet tho nunual deflcits. JWhon poace was deolared, tho Spanish Government was, comparatively spesking, hardly less exhausted than tho' insurgonts. Ita diffioultles will, however, speedily bo removed by the continuance of peace, Tho natural richness of Cuba and tho commeroinl ndvantages sho possesses in the relative importance of her cxports and imports insuro her a prosporous budget in timo of poace, With prosperity will doubt- less come more roasonablo concoptions of economical truths and o lightening of the export and import duties, which opornto ns a barrior more formlidablo than the ocean be. twoon Oubn and the romainder of the world. During the year ending June 30, 1877, tho Unitod Btates imported from Cuba goods val ued at $67,600,200, and exported to that country only $12,709,003. The principal importation was sugar, which was brought in to the valuo of about ©60,000,000. The importations of tobacco wore valued at $4,600,000. Coffoo was an inconsiderable item, in conseguance of tho enormous czport duty, the total valuo of the importation of this staple being ostimated ot only 81,050, The ndvantage of trado is largely with Cuba, bacause that country discriminatos diroctly sgainst Amarican vossols, making nll impor- tations into Cuba in other than Spanish bot- toms subject to o specinl and heavy tax, It hos in practice beon found cheaper to send goods ncross the ocean to Spain ond have thom reshipped there than to nttempt to sond thom to Quba in Amorl- can vessols, This injurious commercial policy bas been sevorely noticed In the United Btatos of Inte, and will unquestionably cnd in tho ndoption of retalintory measures unless some conoessions aro made by Spain, Overturos to this end have been mado and favorably considered; and it is bolioved the suppression of the Insurrootion, carrylng with it certain roliof from the financial dis- tresa of tho QGovernment, will hasten tho ndoption of o mora enlightoned policy, At any rate, tho rostoration of peace on tho island and the developmont of all ite wonder. ful resources will be a commercial beneflt to tho United States, On that account, if on no other, tho ond of the insurrection may be noticed with ploasure in this country, BOTH UNLAWFUL AND IMPOLITIO, The proposition lately made by ono 0. O, Giraone to the Board of County Commis- sioners of Cook County to hire the connty sbstract books should, for sevoral ronsons, nover bé seriously ontertained. In the first place, tho proposed leasing of such books is in contravention of law. The county has no legal right to lease tho abstract books, The Rocorder is, by law, mado the custodian of ol the books, papers, and records of his of. fice; and is required to give bond in tho ponal sum of 20,000, conditioned not only ‘for tho faithful discharge of his dutles,” ofice, whole, safo, and undofsced, whon it moy de. of them, and so not only compel the forfeit. uro of his bond touching the abstract books, but provont him from performing any part of his official dutics as Itocorder. The right of the county to purchase and continuo ab- utract books, aud make abstracts, does not ineludo tho right to hire unofictal persons to moke abstracta, . Tho statuto doclares that the Board of Cuuuty Uommissionors wmay provide for the furnishing of obstractu; but it also requives that the ecorder, and no othery shall mako and certify to such ab. stracts, It Is not to bo presuwed for a mo- mout that the Courts, upon proper applica. tion, would refuse to interpose by injunction to prevent the consummation of the Gir. Monx scheme, Dut who {s Gumonx? He was formerly in the profession of abstract- waking, under the firm name of GiuMone, Porrocx & Co. Under Mr, Jawzs Stawasr, Mr. GiLmonx was, for a consideration, allow. ed to practice bis profession in tho Record- er's office ; that is to ssy, make abstracts from the Recorder's books. But he falled at that business ; and it is undorstood that hoisstill in dobt to the county for the use of the county's books. Subsequently Lo ‘was employed in the abstract department by TRecorder Brooxway. IHe waa, however, dis- charged for inattention to his duties. We don't desire to injure Ar. Giuozz, but, as he seeks to possoss himself of some valuable property belonging to Cook County, it is proper that the County Board and the tax. payers should know what manner of 1nan he is, and whether or not he is responasible, either pecuniarily or morally. Thore is little doubt, however, 08 we have already shown in a previous issue, that Mr. OrTo Pxrrzes is tho real party o the proposition to leaso the It the Cook County abstract books. In a former articlp upon this subjeot, woe gave Mr. Prurzen the oredit of postcssing ekill as o maker of absiracts. We nre now informed that in 8o atating wo wero in error. is only skill consists in ** map-making.” Ho nevor mado nn abstract in tho whole coursa of hislife, We are informed also that ho is without responsibility pecuniarily, These faots show that, even if the County Donrd hiad tho legal right to loasa the county’s ab- stract books, it would be the height of folly to intrust them to the hands of Mr. Pzurzen. The business of making abstracts is of an exceptionally difficult charactor, They re- Intae to titles involving values amounting fn tho nggregato to millions of dollars, Tho re. sponsibility and delicacy of tho work are of the firat order, Both nceuracy and integrity are absolutely essantial to the safe conduct of such n business. DBut it is not necessary to impench the integrity of Mr, Pertzer in ordar to show his unfitness for this delicate trust and Inrge responsibility, The faot that he was dismissed from the Recorder'a office on the charge of neglect of duty is sufficiont of itself alono to bar him from the listof competitors for such a contract, even if it wero propor for the county to en- ter into the contract on any terms. And all that is hero snld of Perrzen applies with equal force to GiLuone. But why, if it wero logal, should the county abstract books bo lensed? 'The coun- ty purchased the books at large expense, and in revising, correcting, and * continuing " them, Tho purchase was an exporiment,—an experimont regarded by many as of doubt. ful propriety. The county abstracts did not at first scoure the confidenco of tho com- munity, During the concluding sixteon months of Mr, Recorder Srrwant's adminis. tration the amount received for abstracts furnished was only 80,166, But during tho next twelve months (the first year of Maj. DBrocrwar's sdministration) the amount ro- ceived was 814,427.41,—an increass of over thres hundred per cent, Thia fact shows n very healthy growth of publio sonti- ment in favor of the now systom. The total cost of tho Abstract De- partment for tho yenr just mentioned appoars on tho books of the Recorder as $17,000, Butof this sum 6,000 was ox- ponded for “keoping up” traot indices, which by law are required to be “con. tinued,"” whethor nbstracta aro made or not. There are also certain othor items of expense included in the total of $17,000 not properly chargeable to the Abstraot Department, namgly : tho cost of making coplea of ab- stracts filod in the Rocorder's offico aftor the fire of 1871 to replace burnt rocords. 'These figures, from tho Recorder's roport for 1877, show that the county abstract business, in- cluding tho coat of *‘koeping up"” tract in- dices, has reached a point whore it is prac. tically solf-sustoining. =~ That this result should have beon achioved at 8o short a dato from tho dnception of the project, and during a period of almost unparalloled dall- ness in tho real ostate and loan markots, is conclustve evidence of tho faithful, efficicnt, and economical mansgemont on the part of tho Recorder. Thero is a final reason of paramonnt force in favor of leaving the county’s nbstract ‘books just whero they are. After the firo of 1871 tho ownors of renl estate in Chicogo renlized, In thoir pockets, the meaning of the word monopoly. Tho several abstract irms horo pooled their books and doubled their prices, and thoy have held their prices well up ever sinco. They now charge for ench conveyanco $1.50, while tho county charges but 81,—a difference in favor of the connty's cliont of 334 per cent ; and thero is the same differonco 1n tho respective charges for cer- tificates. Whilo tho Rocorder retains posses- sion of tho county's abstract books, he will bo nblo ruccessfully to bear tho abatract markot, Whon he loses possession of the books, tho abstract monopoly will ronssert its away and put up prices to the famine rato, BILVER BULLION CERTIFICATES. The following is tho text of the bill intro. duced into tho United States Bonato by Ben. ator Cockmery, of Missouri, providing for the issuo of Government cortificates on stamped bars of silvor, in materlally the same mannor as cortificates of deposit are now issued on gold bullion:, B¢ it enacted, ¢tc., That the Secretary of the Treasury Is heroby authorized and directod to re- celve deposits of siiver balllon orbare with the Treasurer or any Avalstant-Treasurer of the Umted Btates In suma not lesa than 820, estimating 41:2% graing troy welght standard silver to the doll; and to {ssuo cartifcates therefor in denominatio not less than $20, each corrosponding with the d nominations of United States notes, and such cor- tificates ahull bo the form of the certifcates now authorized and fesued for '.old bullion, and shall bo pagatle to depusttor or bearer, and 'shail be ro- ccivable at par in payment for duf on llnnflfll. taxos, and all public dues, and sball b payable by the Traasuror or sny Avsistant-Treasurer of the United States on demund iy dollars or United Stutes notes, and whon so pald such bullion shall bocome the property of the United Status. ‘Wa are not propared to cstimate the rola. tive strength of tho friends and opponents of such a moeasure in Congress on grounds ot oxpedionoy, but oven those who were originally opposed to the remonctization of silver must ndmit that the suggestion is en- tiroly logical aftor the remonatization 'of silver, Tho value of tho doublo atandard conaiata largely in tho option it gives to pay in either coinj but to maintain tlils option fairly, there must be no advantage given one coln ovor the other by Govermont onact. ment. Tho special protection of one or partial oxolusion of the other by force of statuto naturally impairs the option, and to that extont loszeny tho advantago of the sys- tem. Honce, when there is provision for the issue of Government cortificatos of deposit on gold bullion at the rata of £5 8-10 grains to tho dollar, that being the gold dollar, tho very essence of the double standard: do. mauds that there shall likewise be cortiticates of deposit issued on the doposit of silver bullion at the rate of 413} grains to the dollar, which is the lawful standard, advaniage of bullion deposits could be fairly claimed in favor of clthor motal, it would be for silver instead of gold for two reasons, viz.: (1) Decause silver has been excluded from the colnage of dollars for five years,.and it has now been necessary to imit such coinage owing to the limited capaclty of tho mints; and (3) be- cause silver, at the standard weight, is the bulkier and more inconvenient of the two metals to handle, and therefors may claim the cortificate substitute for the benefit of commerco aund trade, The most striking objection to the pres- ent proposition is that it provides that such certificatea shall be received by the Govern- went in payment of duties, and, having been 50 recoived, the bullion repressnted thereby shall become the property of the Govern- ment, Bat the Governmment cannot pay the {nterest on publicdsbt in bullion, but only incoin. 8o long as silver bullion remaing bslow the value of gold, st the standard rate of 16 to 1, the silver bullion certificates would undoubtedly be purchased for the payment of duties, and the Government would neither receive silver ooln, nor gold coin, mor gold cortificates. If there wore ample provision for the colning of silvar dollars, this objec. tion would not lic against the Pproposition; but, pending n limited silvor coinage, the Government, recciving only silver bullion cortificates in paymont of dntles (or, in other words, silver bullion ft. self), would be at the merey of the brokera in purchnsing coln fér tha payment of tho publio debt interest. This seoms to bon good reason why this feature of the bill ghonld be dropped for the present, thongh a genuine respoct for the double standary would suggeat a discontinnance of tho ro. celpt of gold bullion deposits for duties at the samo timo. The rule could bo adopted that, ihe public debt interest being payable in coin, nothing but coin should be raceived for dutles; such a rule would place the gold and silver bullion deposit cortificates on an equality of torms, 'Tho objection that, under this systom, the Government will bo deprived of the profit op seigniorage on coining silver dollars will not Lold, for the reason that thero will ba no profit in any ovent. Tho Government hay. ing purchased 33,000,000 of silver and colnod it into dollars, those ailver dollars cannot bs put out to buy silver bullion at thoe rate of 04 cents for a dollar’s worth, Tho utmost differenco there will bo in issning silver dollars for ailver bullion will be that ropro. sented by the cost of coinage, and a possible small percontage of coin over bullion repro. sented by a business demand for moro coin, But the iden that tho Government will bo able to go right along exchanging silver dollars, containing 412} grains for 485 grains of gilver, moro or less, in bullion form, is not ot oll repsonable. Tho provision for silver bullion certificates will not, therefors, deprive the Government of any profit in coinags which it would enjoy without such certig. cates. If it bo urged that, with tho provision for ‘bullion certificates, the owners of silver bull. jon would gain large sums of money, the true ouswor is that this theory is of the samo unreasonablo charactor that necrodits the Govornment with a great gain on the silver dollar, since n genernl nso of silver will gradually equalize the two metals, DBat oven if tho ownors of silver minos shall theroby gain an advantago in the ready con. version of their silver product, will not the advantago gained by the country justify it and componsato for it? The bullion-owners will gain no ndvantage if they merely deposit thair bullion and put their cortificates into thoir pockets or safety-vaults. In order to make them of any avail for personal ends, thoy must use theso cortificates na col. Iateral for borrowing legal-londer money or in cxchange for ‘property. They will sorve tho same purpose that chocks and drafta serve in lively busy times,—nccelorating the transaction of business, stimulating exchange, restoring confldence, and reinvigorating trade. Their influence in this direction would bo radically difforont from that exerted by an inflation of irredeemnblo paper currency, because thoy would ropresont an actual deposit with nbaoluto safe-keeping of n cortain amount of solid, substantinl, intrinslo motal value, with a defined legal-tender value when con. vertod into coin. Such servico might be obtained from silver bullion cortifleates with. ot making them receivable for customs dutiss, but by roceiving them for all other publio dues, and rodeeming them on do. mand in coin or legal-tender notos, under such restrictions as may be deomed wiso. It {a probable that this is destined to be tho next important toplo for financial discussion. Tho Noew York gold-bug papers are bor rowing a largo fund of superfluous troubla a3 to what the Treasnry Dopartment shall do with the ‘! dollars of tho fathers” after a quantity” have been coined. Jar Gouin's paper 8oes no other course for the Secratary of the Trensury oxcept to rotain them in his vaults ns ‘‘roserves,” and gradually rolin- quish his gold to the bondholders in redomp- tion of thelr coupons. The only other course GouLp can think of is to pay out the silver dollars for greenbacks and lock up the lattor, and theroby contract the currency at the rate of four millions & month, This courso his paper strongly advlses, as its’ tondency would be to make money dearer and honds and morigages more valuable to tho holdors, at the cost of the community. Jax and his journal will always bo found on the slde of Shylock. * But the question ‘what is to be dono with tho new dollars, Is o very simple onme. Pay them out a8 fast os oolned fn the purchase of silver bullion, and keep on pay- ing them out for bullion, The sellers of the bullion will put them immediately into ciroulation, Is thore any difficulty or mys- tery in that process? Next, the jmporters will purchaso them with greenbacks and pay those silver dollars into tho Sub-Treasuries in discharge of duties levied on imported goods. Lastly, the Government will uso them to pay Interest on tho debt, and, when thére are moro than may be needed for this purpose, tho surplus will be applied in redemption of called 5-20 bonds, ‘The bondholdors will de- posit thom in bauks, when they will pass into circulation and discharge all the functions of money, in whatever position they may be placed, until they aro deposited for safe-keep- ing in the Tressury in exchange for silver cortificates, which, in turn, will circulato as monoy with all the freedom of gold itself. Tucre will be neither hoarding of silver nor locking up of greenbacks practiced by Bec- retary Buzpway, who values hia place too highly to jeopardiza it by playing dog-in-the manger, as JoY Gourp ndvises, All the New York nowspapers, with one solk tary exception, obeyed thu bebests of a gaug of mouey-grabbers of the Jay Gourp-Ave, Bt MONT tyve, and bellowed agaust re-establishe ing the silver dollar, That ono honorsble ex- ception e the Uraphle, conducted by Westera toen, which had the wisdon and sagacity to espouse remonetizing the old national mmoney. It saw that sliver wus bound to be restored (0 its old place becsuse it ought to be, and it fear lesaly litted Its solitary volce in behallof nva- tlonal interests, and when the caricaturing-pens ell of Nasz was purchased to traduce tho sd- vocates of sflver, the Graphis portrayed Mr. Tosx Nast in cartoous that made him wince snd his employers squirn, ‘Tho Graphic has esrned the right to sdmigister this rebuke to the Now York press for the unpatriotic. part they havo played in tho sliver controversy: ‘Whon tho press of New York becsme the orgasé of the isoney power, It throw awsy sli sense of {sirucss in takiug op tos vart of advocate. Dy after doy tho cditorial and_uews coluwns of the Herald, “Tridune, World, 4, Sun, Bulldin, Evening Post, Journab of Commerce, Govkin's Nation, and Buscusw's Christian Union, 5ot mention other newspapars of losser note, diled with not only the wost violent desuncls- tious of the Sllver blil, bus the meanest lusinua tlons 8s 10 the motlves of Its supporters. A_rfl' ment was thrown away upon thelr editors. Ty would Hsten 1o poue. They bad wade up tucl® miuus, They tepested tho sawe stalu errurd "wi dayto dsy. Tuey distorted srgumeots, aress facts, aud wven set al defiance thy clearcsl sdd simpleat matbowatical rules in order to nllh themsolves agresable Lo their masters. Aud wbo are thess maaters? A sumall oud jusiguificsut por ton of the community—s knot of rcuul’: wno, not aatisfied with® gettlng what belou to thew, are snxious Lo obtaln 8 gieab deal more. The bistory of popular discus slon may be searched In valu 0ru pruvious i stance of a reckicssucss 1o misstatcmentsy of wel