Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 25, 1878, Page 4

Cye Tribune, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BT MATL~TR ADVANC! TOSTAGE PREPAID, $:80 Eatnrday Ealtion, XY Tri-Weekly, one yea X Tartrof ayoar, per month, WRERLT EDITION, FOSTPAID. i 3 O ool Srecimen Glve Post-Oflice address in fall fncluding State and Caunty. ):rmy(unn -éa maybe made efther by draft, express, Tort-Office order, or in registered letters, at our fisk, TRRMS TO CITY BUNSCHDERS. Teily, delivered, funday excepted, 25 cents per week. X utiy, delivered, Sunday fneluded, 20 cents per week. Addres TIE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Corner Mad{son and Dearborn-sta., Chicago, 1l Orders for the delivery of Ttz TRIDTAR oL Evanston, Fnglewood, and Hyde Park leftIn the counting-room Wilrecelve nrompt attention. e TRIBUNE BRANCI OFFICES, Tz CiiicAto TRINTNE has estahiished branch ofilces for the recelptof subscriptions and sdseriiscmenty as -OItR=Room 20 Tribune Bufldlag, F. T. Mas Fanpes, Manager, PARIS, France—No, 16 Rue de Ia Grange-Dateitere, 1. ManLen, Agent. LONDON. Eng.~—Amecrican Exchange, 440 8irand, Jirxuy F. G1et BAN FRAN! TAMUSEMENTS. McVicker’s Thentro. Madlson Mreet, between Dearborn and Btate. *The Two Orphans.” Honlcy’s Theatre. Tiandolpn _street, between Clark and Lalle. Engagement of Mme. Janauschek, **Brunhild,” New Chlcago Thentre, Clark street, opposito Sherman Touse. Engage- ment of the Hyers Sisters Combisation, **Out of Bondsge." Tiaverly’s Thentres " Monroe strect, corner of Dearbors. Frgagementof Colvllie's Folly Company. *‘Dabes fn tho Woods' Colweun Novelty Theatre. Clark Atrect. oppusite Court-louse. Varlety ver- formauce. % MONDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1878, CHICAGO MARKET BUMMARY, ‘The Chicago produce marketa wero only mod- eeately netise Satutday, and breadstulls were feeeg- ularly firmes. Mess pork closed withont change from Thursday, at $10.30@10,32% for March sud $10 47'4@10.60 for April. Lard closed steady, at $7 10 for March and 0@7.42 for April. Meats wore steady, at 83.624 per 100 Jbs for boxed shoulders and £5.1714 for short ribs, Whirky was siendy, at 81.04 per gollon, Flonr was quict. Wheat closed 1c higher, at $1.07% for February and $1.08 for March., Corn closcd 14e Blgher, M 425¢ tor Febroary nnd 48! May. Oats closed }3@Xc higher, at 24Xc for Fournary and 27%¢ for May, Ilye was steady nt 5413c. Barley closed dull and Y4¢ lower, at 43%c for March. Hogs closed steady at $3.75@4.00. Cattle wers nominally unchanged at $2.5083 Bheep were steady at §3,00%24.75, Since Nov. ugo has packed 2,374,310 hogs, agsinst 1,535,720 In the same timo one year proviously, The packing of the West 1o dato 1s estimoted a¢ 0,050,000 kcad, 99) per cent of which has been done in thlscity. Recclved in Chicago last week, 50,777 brls flonr, 584,831 bu wheat, 438,043 bu corn, 240,050 bu oate, 10,272 bu rye, 64,780 n barley, 0,005 dressed hogs, 153,300 Hve hoge, and 10,565 eattle. Exported from New York lost week, 50,445 bris flour, 870,174 bu wheat, 175, « 274 bu corn. Inspected into store in this city Sat. wurday morning: 114 cars wheat, 181 curs corn, 27 cars oats, b cara ryc, 20cara tarley. Total, 303 cars, or 163,000 bn. One hundred dollars in xold would buy $102,00 in greenbacka nt the clore, British consols were quoled at U3 5-10 aud sterilng exchango at §1.50, Tn Now York on Snturdny_g_n;«;ubnckn wore Ateady at 98. Tho return of the British iron-clads from Moudania Bay to Priuce’s Islauds is denied. ‘Tho report originuted in the movement of tho shipsin the Sea of Marmora for the cxer- ciso of the crows, Trof. SwiNa, in the sermon which wa print this morning, has something to say about the intoleranco of the no.religionists, and Dr. Rypen expounds at some loupth the sehemne of the Atonement ns coustruod and accopted by the Univorsalia Tt is creditablo to the efficioncy and watch- fulness of the San Francisco police that : Duncan, the missing Presidont and plun- derer of tho Piovcer Bank, was unnble to Ieave the city cither by land or water, but was compelled to remnin in concenlment for soveral weeks, Tho skill and patienco of the deleetives were nt last rewarded by the dis. covery of the hidivg.place of tho fugitive Onuucier, who, curiously enougl, had been domicilud all this time within a stone’s thirow of the police headquartors. % Russia and Borvia are at loggerhonds re. garding the occupation of tho territory in what is kuown as Ol Servia which the troops of Princo Miay held nt the tlme of {hu suspension of hostilities, aud which thoy were intensely desirous of holding through- out the nrmistice for the advantage to Lo gained dn o final adjustment, - Russin, lowover, seemns to have o different plan, and has already oceupied Pirot aud Akpalanka, snd isadvancing on Nisch in splte of tho protests of Princo Miuaw, who threatons to resist the Iussian occupation of that for- tross, The auti-Russiny demoustration in Lon. don yestenlay was a success as to nunbers and brute force, It was kuown that & peace demoustration would also be held at Hydo Park, and full preparation was made to Lreak jtup, The samo police that permitted the mob o few days ago to domolish thowindows of GrapsToNE's house yesterdoy permitted the mob to attack and disperse the peace meoting, ‘The Russian-hating war party Leing on the side of the Government, their riotous and disorderly proceedings were en. cougaged rather than hiudered by the author. itics. I'reedom of speech is guaranteed in Englaud, provided tho speoclhes are on the right side. ‘That clause in the peace conditions which contemplates the occupation of Bulgarin by Tussian troops for two years after the recon- struction of that Province into o Principali- ty is likely to weet with a vigorous protest from Austria. At a council yesterday of the Austrinn avd Hungarian Ministers, Count Axvpissy urged tho necossity of the imme- diste convocation of the Delegates, who would be asked for 8 voto of confidenco and b credit grant of 60,000,000 flonus s a preparation for Austrin’s participation in the Yuropean Congress, Mo is reportod to bave ‘wnnouuced that Russia's desigus relative to Bulguria were inadmisaible, and would bo resisted by Ausf Will he, or will he not ? continues to be tha question of the hour in Washington. The President is besleged by the clumorous gold- ites of the East with appeals for a voto of the Bilver bill, whilo tha solid rauks of the ro- wouctizers keep a respectful distance, having no need to employ urgmwents stropger than those whick ure contained in tho record of the votes in the Souate und House. ‘They aro contident they can do it over again, and aro uot without ressonable assuranco THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1878, of “moking it more Dbinding" mnext time. Mr, Coxxrive remnins silont and meditative, and it remains to be seen whether he ean screw his courage up to the point of leading the forlorn hopo in the Sen- nte to the rescue of the President in the event of a veto. Hoistorn by two agonizing donbta—whether he conld succeed if he tried, and, if he should sicceed, what of 18807 It 15 to be feared that Mr. Conzrixo is far mora deoply concerned about it than tho Bilver men are, e—— Tho pormanent peaca conditlons exacted by Russia, which have been under discussion ot Adrianopls for several days pnst, have nover been formally communicated to the Powers, but linva baen the snbjeot of a vast amount of rumor nnd speculation. It has eovidently been the purpose of Gorrscmaxorr to conduct the peacs negotiations without ontside intervention, and to conclude them prior to the meeting of the Congross. A pointed intimation to this effect was om- bodied in his.letter to Count Borouvarorr, the Russian Ambassador at London, who ‘was instructed to say to Lord Dxrny that Rus- sla wns engaged in discussing questions which concerned only the bolligerents. A Constantinoplo dispateh purports to give the chief itoms in the new peace conditions, in which the full scheme for the autonomy and territorial increase of Bulgaria is out- lined. The plan ig to construct of Dulgaria a powerful Principality at the expensec of o Iargo portion of Roumelin, Thrace, and Macedonia, the sovoreign to be chosen by an assembly of notables, subject to the ap- proval of the Porte and the Powers; Rus- sia to excercise a supervision over the new Bulgnrian Government for two years throngh the medinm of n Commission, A war indemnity of 1,400,000,000 roubles is exncted of Turkey, which Turkey can never pay, sud in leu of which Batonm, Kars, Bayazid, Ardahay, and adjacont territory are to be ceded to Russin; besides £40,000,000 sterling in bonds, the interest and principal of which shall bo guaranteed by the Bul- garian and Egyptian tributes, and other sources of Turkish revenne; an indomnity to Russian residonts of Constantinoplo and Russinn holders of worthless Turkish bonds, aud the cost of reopening the Sulina mouth of tho Danuba to be borno by Turkey. Pro. vision is mado for the possage of tho Dar- danclles, for territorinl consolation to Servin and Montoenogro, and for the cession of tho Dobrudscha to Roumania in exchango for the portion of Dessarnbia coveted by Russia, Such, it is underatood, ave the torms im- posed by Russin s tho price of a treaty of peace, amounting practically to tho annibila~ tion of Turkey as a war-making nation of Europo. WILL THERE BE A VETO1 Wo have o high estimate of tho personal purity of purposeon the part of President Hayes. If ho sholl voto the Silver bill, ns it issnid ho will do, then it will furnish another evidonce of the fact that, even with- out any mornl tergiversation, high official reaponaibillty docs mot protect men from #hallow hallucinations, The Presidont, if lio shall veto tho Silvor bill, will, it is under- stood, justify that action on grounds of ‘| morality, which, to say theleast, aropeculiar, and bave so far beon nccepted but by a comparatively smnll proportion of those who hiavo jnsisted on maintaining the exclusive gold standard. ‘The Presidont talkos the ground that, silver heving been demonctized in 1873, all tho nationnl bonds issued sinco that dato shonld bo paid, principal and interest, in gold coin, Il claima and insiats that, though thero may Do no legal right to demand gold for these bonds, fu good morals and honor the Government should oxeept themn from any act remonetizing silver, It is further sug- gested tliat ho nlso insists that tho intorest on all the bonds of whatever date should bo paysble in gold and mot in silver.. The Prosidont's objection to the Silver bill arises from o serupulous regard for the inviolabil. ity of contracts, which amonnts to a fanati- cism, nnd thoreforo surpassos all reason, logic, law, ond commoun interprotation of fncta, and which raises a distinction between public sud private dobts which can never be “Justified, he conntry is familiar with tho facts: In 1870 the Covernment provided for the isauc of now bonds bearing 5, 4}, and 4 por cent interest, which bonds were to bo ex- changed ot par and tho procoeds applicd to redvoming ¢ por cont bouds, or sold at par and tho proceeds applied to re- decming 6 per cent bonds. The law of 1870, with a view of putting at rest all ques. tion ns to whethor the publie debt skould be pald in paper money, stipulated that theso now bonds should bo pald, priucipal and in. torest, 1n legal-tonder coln of the United Btates, of the standard weights and finenocss provided by law ot tho dato of the act. ‘Chese coins wore tha gold coins aud tho sil- ver dollars of 412§ grains. 'The bonds were tssued under the law of 1870, and wore payable according to the terms of that law, and every ono of thoso bonds, as well o8 those issued wince as thoso issuod bofore 1873, recited on ita faco that it was payablo in the coins of the United Btates which were o legal-tender in July, 1870, Thero have beou thoae who have claimed that it waa not legal or just to make eilver a legal-tender in paymont of any dobt contracted before the date of the Bilver bill, Thisis a plain and direot proposition which all can understand. But the fact ia that silver has always been a constitutional money, which, evon Mr, DBraive was candid onough to admit, conld not be constitutionally demonetized, and therefore, though tho colnage of the dollar may Lave been discontinued, that doliar re- mained a standard legal-tonder and money of account until its weight should have been changed. 'The dollar jtselt was logally im. porishable, Hut the Presidont goes further and draws adistinotion botween the obligation of acon. tract made on one day and on another, Tho torms of the coutract were not established al tho time of lssuing the bond; the author- ity toissue the bond and the terms of tho boud were established by a law dating in July, 1870, aud continuing unchanged to the present time, The contract dates back to July, 1870, without any refererco to time ‘when the bond was pald out by the Bocretary of the Treasury, and that contract recites that the bond, principal nnd interest, iv pay-~ ablo at the option of tho Governmuut in the gold or silver coin of the United States a legal-tonder in July, 1870. For the Presi. dent to bo torturing his conscience about the moral obligation to pay gold for bonds is- sued since February, 1874, is a refinement of tenderness which is bardly underatood by those opponents of the Silver bill who dony tho right to pay any obligation, public-or private, except in gold. ‘The Prosident, if the grounds of opposi- tion to the Bilver bill jmputed to him sre correctly stated, scemns o draw & distinction between thoworality of vermitting the Goy- ernment to pay a portion of its bonds in silver, and of pormitting tho States, Munic- ipnl Govornments, transportation and all other corporations, and tho grent mass of the people, to pay all their debts in silver, Morality respects neither person nor Gov- ornments, Dishonor is fnlly ns disgraceful when committed by individuals as when committed by them acting as a corporation. Becrotary BnxnMAN can no mora commit an immoral nct as an individual than ho can as an offictal, It i the nct which is dishonest, and not tho mere fact as to who performs it. Tho Presidont, unless he is misvepresonted, proposes that Congress shall by law authorizo every mon to pay hia debts of whatsoever kind in silver dollars, though such dollars havo not been a legal-tonder for fivo years. 'These debts nggregato many thousand miilions of doliars; many of them hava beon contracted since the silver dollar was nbolished ; and the Presidont, whilo una- ble o give his consent that the Government shall suthorize the paymentof debts specific. slly payablo in silver in such silver dollars, on the ground that the national honor is be. yond valuo and beyond priee, is fully willing to approve as President a law authorizing all tho peoplo and all the corporations of the Iand to violate Inw, honor, and good faith, and to cover themselves with moral infary. Can Congress aud the President, with honor, nuthorizo tho Htate and local Governmonta sud individunls to practice that which, if committed by the Government itself, would be n dishonorable frand and cheat ? The Presidont was educated ns a Whig, and ono of the fundamental principles of that party was opposition to the exerciso of absolutism by any ono man in suthority. Down decp in the hearts of the Americnn peoplo is an unquonchablo love of republic- anism freo of nll taint of one-man power, ‘I'here hins beon ot all times n restivencss un- der tha exorciso of the veto power; but whon tho President assumes to himself a higher morality, personal and ‘political, a higher motive for his action than he is willing to concedo to his countrymen at large, when he clnims that the accidency of his official posi- tion warranta him to put at definnce the na- tional will aud the expressed judgment of both the representatives of the Status and of the people, and assumos to place his nega- tive upon an act of logislation passed nnder such circumstances, ho must expect, nay ho deliberately invites, the country to resent nnd to punish such an assumption of arro- gant superiority and such a forgetfulnoss of the duties and obligations due by the Exoou. tive to the peoplo, whose sorvant ho is. Wo have, as we stated, o high cstimate of tho personal integrity of the President. Wo will not believo that ho will veto the Bilver bill, and theroby seck to porpotuate the scan. dalous and fraudulent nut of demonetization, until ho sball nnnounce it. Huch a veto, having for its purpose to maintain the dis. honest and disgraceful ncts by which silver was demonotized, will bo an nsanmption by the President of full responsibility for that roprohonsiblo legislation; and for n Preai- dent of the United States to mako himsolf an active participant in that schome will bos nationnl scandal such as has nover yot boen 1aid at the door of any Exccutive. A QUOD VERDIOT, The verdict awarded to tho young mur. dorers, Suenny and Conxeryy, is just what thoy descrve, If the doath sontenco is over to bo used at all, it cannot bo more justifi. obly uscd than in shorloning the lives of such rascals na theso; and if thero over was o timo when rascals needed an example, that time {s now."- Buennr and -Connzirr belong to o lnrge class' of young mon jr'this city* who Delieve tho laws were not made for thom. They don't koow exactly what the lawa are, and, 60 far as thoy know them, they deapiso them. Thoy commit orimo as o pastime; for the sske of the oxcitomont they get from cluding tho officors or tho roputation for courngo thoy gnin among their worthless companions. These young rufians infost cortan quartors of the city, and mako thom o terror to ponceablo citi- zens, They insult, rob, and beat those who aro weaker than thomselves; and if they happen to kLill, thoy rogret the circumstanco, but foel mo groat concern for thoir own safoty, i The circumstancoa of tho crimo for which Snxnny and Conyenry have been convictod show thot they had groat contempt for the Inw. They woroon o drunken frolic, and, in pursuit of what they considersd fan, they assaulted brutally aud murdorously every person thoy met. After beating soveral men ond inpulting o number of woren, they on- countered o Mr, MoCoxviLLz, who was walk. ing with his niece. Oune of the ruffinns at- temnpted to embraco her; McOonviriy pro- tected her; tho othor assailant stabbed and jumped upon his fallen body. The two mur. dorers, who were sobor enough to know what thoy wero about, then ran nimbly away. That was all thero was of it. They considerod it o frolic, Dut it was death to McCoxvinne. Suxuny and Coxsziny have rogretted decply, since the unfortunate offair, that thoy killed MoCoxvirix. They did not intend to kill him. They had no intentions on the subject of his life or death, Thoy merely resolved to do as they pleased tlat night; and na they bapponed to find McConvies in their way they stabbed him, What could be more natural, according to all the usages to which they were acoustomed ? 1t ia a sorions question hiow far soclety is responsible, not only for the life of MoCox. viLee, but }ar thoso of the rash and jgnorant boys who aro now condemned to the gallows on account of it, If there had beeu more hanging {a tho past, thero would besneed of lcss in tho present add the futuro, There might not now be o class of men iu this city who despise the law and who affrout it wontonly, Buch murders as this—commit. tod not.for money, or to gratify lust or pas. slon, but merely na an agreeable diversion— aro unknown in communities where the law is more stringontly enforced. They would be unknown here, no doubt, it the penalties of murder were always certaln, or if * the benefit of the doubt” wera not so largély in fovor of the murderers. What can be said of our administration of justice, and what can be thought of it, in viow of sucha travesty as has besn furnished by the Ravoe trial at Galesburg, ending oaly in a verdict of imprisonment for life? Not even the sontonce of death obtained aganst the two Chicago murderors will fully counter. act the offccts of that verdict, for the acquittal in one place and conriction in the other docs not show that the punish. mount of crime in Illinols is either swift or certaln. It does tend to show, however, that thé laws can be enforced fu Obicago, and that wurderers may have a hard time of it in oar crimioal courts. With a Prosscuting. Attoruey who knows his duty, ond a healthy state of sontiment amoug citizens from whom aro selected tho jurics, it will not be bard to bring ruflans to justice. It is only o be regrottod that the whole Btate will not share in the benefits of this most timely cxamply, the Cook County jnry. - THE INDIAR PRODLEN, Government {8 ono stating that thanew Com. missioner of Indian Affairs is actively on. tho Indian Bervice. He Is roported as say- ing that tho first thing to engage his atten- tion will be the establishmont of a police force, composed of stich Indinns of the va- rious tnibos as are recognized for good con- duet, standing, and influence among their people. Ho is confident, it is sald, that this plan of kis for an Indian polics will not only have the moat salutary effect upon the In. dinns, bt that it will sorve to dispense with the necossity of the presence of United Btatos soldisrs at the Agencics, who, a8 he thinks," often have a disturbing influence. The roport of tho Board, recently published, convoned by.tha Socrotary of the Interior ta invostigato the working of the Indinn Service, gives the strongest posaiblo evidence that Mr, Commissioner Haxt will have moro than n herenlean task, daring hl‘ term of office, to cloan the Augenn stable of which ho now, has chiarge. Tho subjoct which ho selects na that first to engage his attention indicates on his part nelther great familiarity with the requirements of the work before him, nor a judicious mauner of commencing it. It might reasonably bo supposed that, as a foundation for all good management of In. dinn affairs, his first cffort would be vigor- ously and promptly to get rid of all dishon. est and disroputablo officinla and contractors, to examine carefully nll contracts for Indian supplies, and for their transportation, so s to torminate at onco such as wero manifestly fraudulent, to have theso stores deliversd at the Agencies at proper times, and, boyondall else, to soe that they aro honestly issued to the Indians for whom alono they are intend. ed. Any one at all conversant with the sub- ject knows that the honest and rogular fssue of thoir supplies is the only means by which Indinns can be made contont nnd quiet on their rescrvations. It {8 not possible other- wise to prevent their becoming dissatisfied ond giving trouble. It is a mattor of publia notoriety not only that Indian stores have not been delivered and issned in a satisfac- tory manner at the majority of tho Agoncies, bnt that ensos havo occurred in which tribea of Indlaus have been loft for long periods without the necossary food to which thoy woro entltlod, and which in some instances had slready been purchased for them. The rosult of such neglect hns in each caso been tho samo. The Indians have become suspicions and more or less hoatile, and tho presence of a mili- tary forco nt the Agency wns a necossity. Undor such circumstances the Agont was as powerless to influonce or con- trol them os an infant. Even the prosonce of a military force hna not always been suf. ficlont to nllay tho feeling of oxasperation which such trestment caused, or to prevont the depredations and hostilities following naturally from it. By far tho greater num- bor of Indian disturbances and wars daring the lnat ten or twelvo yonrs have boen cansed by the uncortainty and delay with which stores have beon jssued to Indinns by the Indian Bureau, Many troubles have been provonted by the military authoritics jssuing to Indians from their supplios the atores thoy had o right to oxpect from tho Indian Dopartment, but which it had neglected to provide. . fiostile” Tndians; 5s woll oa for controlling their own tribes, Los boon tried with much suceoes for several yoara by tho military au. thorities, This probably ia tho origin of the Commissioner's idea for the uso of an Indian polico force. Ho is not awaro, porhaps, that the success of the atlompt was duo to clr- cumstances peculiar to the military branch of the Govornment, and which can have no oxistence in the Indian Burean until s rad- iont chango is effected in {ts mothod of sup- ply. By onlisting a8 a soldier, tho Indian knows that Lis subsistenco and pay will cer- tainly roach him when due, and that ho will no longer bo fed with promises alono, As Indians aro usually ontitled to subsistonco from tho Government, the Commissioner no doubt proposes to ask for appropriations to poy thoso whom ho solects for police dnty, If such is not tho caso, and he expoots to obtain thelr sorvices without pay, he will probably find himself mistaken, No one, perhaps, underatanda bettcr thon an Indisn that it ho worka he is ontitled to payment, nnd withont he receives this ho will do noth. ing. Bhould tho Commissioner ask for and obtain appropriations to pay his police, the disbursements of the funds must necessarily be mado by tho Agents, or upon notos pro. pared by them. If ho cnunot rely upon them to distribute Indian supplica with hon. esty and fidelity, as stated in substance by the Board of Examiuation, with what justice to Governmont intoresta can hs {ntrust thom with funds to pay tho Indians? Itis simply to increase largely thelr facilities for dis. bonesty. The report of the Board convened by the Becretary of the Interlor shows a condition of affaira in our Indisn Servica which calls for prompt romedy. If the affairs of the Bureau have been conducted in the manner roported by the Board, the sympathy and human intezest felt for the Indians by many of our best citizens, and the philanthropio attempta made for theircivilization and woll. being, have beon futilo and uscless, Tho Commissioner of Indian Affairs no doubt de. sires o carry out tho general wish of tho couniry for the clvilization and improvement of the Indlan tribes, He should besr in mind that an Indian can be won to good con- duct by kind and honest treatment, that his full counfidence can only ba gained by the white man when promives mndo to him aro kept inviolably, and that, boing naturally suspicious, a promise once broken is mever forgotten by him. The Commissioner can. not hope to make his administration of In. dian affairs successfnl unless he resarts to every moansin his power to develop and make use of these traits of the Indian char. acter, To do 40 he must {u the frst place purgo tho Barcau under his control of overy dishonest element. Thls accomplished, thoro will be few Indian wars in {uture, snd Indisn civilization can ba carried to its utmost limit, 1f be does not succeed in doing this, ho may bo sssured that thorough pacificatipn of the Indian tribes 18 impossible, snd that their ultimate extermination is a more question of tuwe, A remsrkablo cbang be noticed in the financial articles of nowspapers and tho tone of conversation among busincss smen. The confident statoents that lard-pan has been roachoed, that tho worst is over, that businoss has touched bottom, that the re- sction has bogun, that things aro on the up- grade, are hoard no longer. ‘Fhere have been so mavy poiuts in the depreasion, a8 might have been the oase if Raxpe hnd been sentencod to death with tho samo promptness that distinguished the nation of Among tho Iatest reports_from tho sontof goged npon plans for the radical roform of Tho tind, o8 Tndlasy, o saldes fasighiing °‘y e, TEOBBrLY, o8 which it scemed mnst bo the limit, but which havo boen left far hohind Ly the rolent- loss shrinknge of business intorests, that nobody attempts now to make any pre- dictions or calonlations. The not vory choerfn! theory of the FEaropean econ- omists, Dravrizv and Dx Lavenere, that the prosent stringency is pormanont, and that tho modern development of indus. try aud nccumnlation of capital, so rapid for the lnst 400 years, has attained jts aumunit, and s to be followed by a period of docndence, bogins to look platisible to some of the faint-hoarted. The olenrings of the banks nll over tho country show a continual decrense of transnctions. Throe years was unanimously decided, in the third year aftor the panio, to be the extent of tha pe- riod of constriction; but hero in the fifth year after Boplember, 1873, prices aro slll going down, the sum of commercial and fndustrial operations ia growing smaller, and confidence, that plant of tender growth, has not yet put forth’ "n shoot. Tho clearings of sixtoon cities, ns .reported In the Publis, for the two wocks onding Feb, 16, show a decline of 10 por cont comparod with the corresponding weeks of Inst yoor. The estimated declina of pricos {n the yoar has been 10 per cont. We have, .then, not only a heavy declino of prices, but an equal decline in quantities of goods pur. chased and consumed at theso. reduced prices, This procoss of doublo loss hos boen going on mnot only in the laat two weoks, but for the lnst five yoars, and is not ended yot. Onoe of those things must be trne: the theory of Lenror. Bravrzu and Dz Lavexye fs woll-found. ed, ond in that senso the world is com. ing to an end for our businass mon; or, the rige in the valuo of money, which began in 18723, is still progressing. Tum Tminung holds it is the last, and, if the proper mens~ ures of reliof introduced into Congress nre defeated, the party responsible for the de- fent will be overwhelmod by such an upris- ing of tho business mon of the couniry as has nover been soon before, THE RULE WORKS BOTR WAYS. Wo print in anotber column a very in- teresting interview with Mr. Winzaaxe BopzMmaxy, a druggist ol this city, who has hod a rich experience with the firm of Davies, Tonnez & Co., of tho fraternity of Now York Cnstom.Hoaso brokers, It is said to be a poor rulo that won't work both waya, As tho brokers are not governed by poor rules, thoy have dovisod a mothod of making tho rule of valuation work both ways. Our chilet difficulty haa beon with undervaluation. ‘This is the rulo in the wholesals branch of the brokers’ cormpt trado. The rule in tho rotall brauch brought. to light by Mr. Bopx- aanN is overvaluation, For instance: A kind-hearted old lady in Germany sends her photograph to lor son in Chicsgo. The ploturs is worth 50 contsor 1. It iu sent by cxpress, and falls into tho hands of Davies, Tunven & Co. This enterprising firm thon control the photograph absolutoly. If tho real consignee should go to New York and demand tho privilege of entering Lis property and paying tho duty, he would be told that Davies, Tunxzz & Co. nlone had tho right to make entry of it. This being the case, Massrs, Davies, Tunnen & Co, have the photograph appraised ot $10 or 15, merely to securo a basls for exorbitant charges. Then they '‘clear” tho pioture, make out an nccount, conslsting of charges for draysge, storage, fecs, oto., nmount. ing to about ton times the roal valne by '6¥pross to appoars that the Treasury Department can do nothing. Mr, Treasury Agoent Ilirr found Mr, Dobexaxn's statement correct to the letter, but admitted that there wnsno remody. It appears that thero ara 600 Cus- tom-House brokers in the City of New York, nny ons of whom mny seizo absoluto pos- nossfon of n packsge assigned to him by tho forelgn ngent of an express company for tho mere purposo of socuring ita legal cloaranco from the Custom-House, make a frandulont (overvalued) entry of it, bury it deep in tonfold moro than tho just charges, and siill dety the Govornmont to sava tho roal consigneo, the actnal owner of tho property, from tho robbory! Buch outrages ought to bo stopped,~—(1) if pos. sible by regulations of tho Trensury Dopart- mont; (2) it not possible by such reguln. tions, thon by an amondmont of the laws by nob of Congress, Dut tho appraisers who pormit sflch potty steals throngh exorbitant oppralsemonts are guilty, In oach caso of tho sort notlco of the attempted swindle should ba Lrought to the instant attention of the Collector, and theguilty broker should bo summoned beforo him {o explain the proforma catry, and compelled to readjust it according io the palpable faots of the caso. Then, if the broker refused, he should be kicked ont of tho Cnstom-Houso, Dut what hos Jlarokl Skimpole Antnug to do with the crimes of his subordinates, or the thioving practices of brokers who carry on their stenls, both glant and petty, under his very noso? Ho in as irresponsible as an in. fant, and the eutive press of New York in. siat that he shall not bo doposed from office, Waare in error: Jlarper's Weekly domanda the romoval of Mr, AnTuus, but it makes the domand solely on the ground that he is the creature of the Cowxrixa political ma- chine; and i¢ ddres not, or will not, take notice of ono of the hundrod ovidences of his wrotched incompotonoy or of the legion of crimos of which his subordinates are gullty. The Bllver bill involves dishonor, Tt makes law- ful tha payment of silver far intereat and principal of bunda, and for customa duties, though previous lon of the United States bad Justited credit- expecting gold. Dunds amounting to more than $800, 000, have beun bought from the United States, and bonds to & largs amount have been buught and sold, upon the faith that the United States could not dishonor its pledge, —New York Tribune. What **dishonor'{ What “pledze™? When did the United States Government ever give a pledze to pay its bonda exclusively in yoldl ‘The rantings and ravivgs of Jar Gourp do not smount to law; the ecceatric and changceable notlons of Jous BRERMAN sro not hatlonat pledaes, A refusal of the nation to carry into effoct JATY QOULD's promiscs or speculations “in valuea {s no *dishonor” When sflyer was clandestinely dropped from the colnage jn 1873, thiero was uo pledge given that it would vover agalu be colned and circulatod as money. Cungress passed no law bioding its bands sgainst recolning sliver dollars whenover it saw At. No person in bis seuses bought & bond sluce 1873 {u the beliet that Cougress had divcsted 1tself of tho power to coln legal-tender silver. It there were any such persous, they wero natural-born fools, and unfit to be Intrusted with money. Money-lenders ars {n tho habls of consulting thelr attorneys in regard to invest- ments, and there is not s lawyer in the Unitod Btates so iznorant of the powers of Concress as t0 advlso a client that the Mint Rczulation act uf 1878 cxhausted tho authority of the Nutloual Legislature to such a degrue that sliver dollars could nover again be recolned. Every lawyer s fully awero that Congress may .order the suspension and resumption of logal-tender dol- lars 2 dozen times s ycar, or once in a twelve- Bruges.” month, or at ang timo it pleas:s. JAY Goonp 1% not ignorant of this fact, notwithstanding his mabble about the “Sliver bill tnvolving d'a- honor.” Whnat Congress promiscd frrevocably tothe purchasers of fts bonds since 1870 was that they should be paid tnterest and princlonl in silver or gold at its option, such coln to be equal {o the atandards in use July 14, 1870,— that Is, the siifcr dollar must contaln 871 grains of pure metal, and the gold - dollar 23,23 grains of pure motal. All the bonds sold since the date of that act havo been sold under tho stipulations thereof. The Government has relinquisned none of Its rights, and\ornx Brsn- MAN has no authority to walve any of its op- tions or set aside any of iLs privileges in regard tothekind or standard of munoy in which it may dlscharge its obligatlons. Benator Wap- La101, of New Ilampshire, & flerco **gold- bugger,’ in his recent speech against the Silver bill, was constrained to make this admission: It 18 trae that Conareas duclarod that sll Govern- ment bonda {ssned since July 14, 1870, aro by law and on their face payable 1n coin of the standard value of that date.” Hence it is contended with reat force that sll Governmont honds may be pald n doflars contalning 4123 grainnof silver each. 1 think It probaole that a Court of law might so de- o. A This| ‘l an Important admisslon from one of the'chief goldite advocates, and ho might, with verfott shfety, have gone farther and sald that thero was no Court In Christendom which would hesitate to so decide. , The fact is, tho gold-byg lawsers ’Sl both Honses ot Congress have sur- rendered the point that it is perfectly lawful and according to contract to pay tho intcrest and principal of all the bonds insilver dollars of the old standard, As Seuator Joxks sarcastic- ally remarked, no gold-bugwer *had fortl- fled his denial of this proposition with argu- ments which have reached the plane of scrious criticism.” But then the Joyhawker of tho New York Tribunsis & great coostitutional lawyer, youkuow! and knows altogether more than anybody else. And then his sentae of honor is so ntee, a8 {llusteated by his Krle Rallway wreckiog operatlons and his Black Friday stock-gambling performanceal Ho s such s proper party to read moral lessons to Congress and the people of the United 8tates in regard to the payment of their nationa! obligations! ————— Col. Fonnnr writes to the Phlladelphia Press that hosat on the platform during STANLET'S ade dress to the Royal Geographical Soclety in Lon- don, and, though he had s slneereregard for ETAN- LErand his marvelousa labors, he could not but think that the Heraid expioror had lost his head. The sddress was in wretched taste throughout, and marked by the moat egregious vanity ond apparent disregard for the place where ho stood, — Fifty women of Essex, Mass,, have petitioned the Btate Legislature to do away with tho mar. riage ceremony, as ¢ Is an effeto institution, and was catablished by ono ** Mosas, a forcign bar- barlan, with a dash of his pen.” The facts seem indisputable, yct somchow wo cliug to this remnant of an ancicot superatition with an unaccquntable tenaciy. Why don't tho Essex womcen go and get divorced? e — . ‘The Becretary of the Navy tells the checring news that tho expendltures of his Department for the irst three months of the nresent year hava been less by 82,000,000 than the usual ex- penditures during tho same period under his prodecessor. 8ceretary Tmoypsox hes done well. Now all we want {a o navy to complete our hapoincss. ———— The Eastern mngazincs havae lately been un- ‘usuaily rich in articies pertaining to Europcan subjects, and the reason scems about to bo ox- plalned. Tho Librarian of Astor Library has discovered that the bound volumes of the Jtevue des Deuz Mondes have been systematically plundered of thelr contents by having whole pages cut out. A bricf cable dlapatch Friday rolated the destruction by fiea of the palace of tha Provin- clal Government at Bruges, Belglum. From the wording of the dispateli fow would surmise that the bullding thus destroyed was the old f Town-Hall of tho Flomish ¢ity made famous by LoxaPELLOW in his poem on, the *DBultry of i Tho changes of Washington socloty are illus- trated by a correspoudent of the Hartford Times, who rolates that the son of a former coachman of Lord Lrons and the daughter of tho cook of tho French Minlster, having mar- ricd some years ago, are now leaders of the soctal circle of that clty., 4 A cablo dlspateh lghtly treads upon tho skirt of poesy by Informing us that, for the trat timo in acvonty years, the herrings have come back to tho Bwedish const, And s thero no TeNNY- 80N to celebrate in song tho herring one's re- turnt } The old atory about an engagemeont between Miss Knrroaa and Tox Kant has beon again rovived by the Eastern papors, but the latter keeps on the oven tenor of his way, + The Cincinnatl Commeretal” romarks that Hewitr should not persist in reading the Now York papers, ms thoy produce insomnla, dyspopsia, and geucral decays It is stated that ex-Architcct MULLETT re- fused to appear en tho fioor of the Greenback Conventlon In Toledo until he had been sworn in. A method of furnishing light to citles by elac- tricity has boen discovered, but fn Chicago it is rather the city's debt that neods lightenlug, | i ! Notwithstanding Mr, Grapstoxs's well- known dextority with tho ax, It would hardly Do respect(ul to alludo to nim as o *feller.? | Last Thursday in Congross was ono of those oxceptionnt days of speeches unspoken and drinks undrunk. PERSONAL, Onkoy Hall bas again opened a law office n New York and will dovote himeol! to criminal practice, * The great and unpardonable offense of Judge Peck, of Wyoming, is sald to be that he parta his hoir In the middie. The Philadelphia T'{mea doesn't ssa how sny well-regulated cotloge can got alopg withont an army and navy {n the future, ‘I'he rumor that the venerable Dr, Hopking contemplates resigning his Chale of Philosophy in Williams College fa contradicted by authority. The Sunday-School 1'imes printod a Wash. fngton's Birthday supplement, contalning opinions of Washington by Presldent Hayes and the Qov- ornore of the original ibirtoen Btates. Mr, Conkling's great”oration in favor of the Bilver blil will be pablished in his posthumous works, He knows it will-be appreciated by poss terity, It not by his coostituents in Wall street. A good 8pringficld doncon sent a copy of the Lepubdlican contalning an cditorlal on ** Drunk. ennosd {0 the United Statcs Benate™ Lo each mom- ber of tho Benate. ‘The Republica surprised {f tis does not start & bl meat. The last letter of Mr. Stanley is unusually fnteresting, He begins by relating how the Wanguana grinned wita delight as thoy approached Zauxibar, From Bhangacl tu Ngambu the Daoa'a expedition was received with Nyaggwe and Ma. bruki, wbile, gleaming enow-white among the far- off vordare, were gilmpscs of Miagamoyo, snd avon 'Fibu Tid so far forgot bimsclf as 1o sond the Wanys-Mwezl to tho Sald-bin-Balim. The touch. ang dovotion of tho Pachuwmbs wiil take 114 place in history. When Lord Btratford de Redcliffe was Brit'sh Ambassador to Turkey, & Greek who had adopted tho Moslem raliglon sna subssquently re- nounced it, was put to doath by the Turkish aue thorities. This 80 provoked the Ambassador that, bappealug to ba 10 the Enparlal Counell wheu tn- formed of 1t, he jnstaatly ataried up o & rage, sotzed 1ho astonishod Sultan by the shoalders, and gave hio d severe shaking. ‘Tho offect was the law under which tho Orcek sufferod waa sbollabed, ‘Tho English poace journals are mow ssylng that the Govornment should send aa Ambassador to Constautlnople capable of **staking s Sulton,' f TIE OLD WORLD, Gloanings of an Elder Womgy Therein, A Visit to the French Chamber of Depe utles, and Another £6 the Senaie, The Grand Opera—Gounod's " Fanst” ggg the " Walpurgus-Night"” Ballet, Dumas® *‘Stranger” and Sardon's **Dora m..y Spectacalar Prama ab the Chatelet, ‘We had been promiscd tickets of admisstng far the opening scesion of tha French Chambe of Deputles, but heard so much of the difliculty of abtalninz these that we almost despaired of recelvlng thom. Thanks to our encryetie {riend, the Baroness Binza do Bury, well knowp s a literary sroman and ardent Republican, we did obtaln what many sought to have fn vagy, and, on the day appulnted, committed orselyey to the rallway for the hour's Journey to Veraajl. les. We found tho station crowded, not only with tho Deputles, but with thosa who, like ourselves, wero to accompany them to thie seeng of thelr recommencing labors, Besldus these, o double line of spectators stood, waitlng to gy the doparturo of these men In whose kands gy the presont destinies of thelr country. Un yp. riving at Versallles, & similar crowd was waiting. Following the traln of the Deputies, we soon fouud oursclves comfortably seated in one of tho gallerles, with many patient peoply to keep us company. On the oceaslon of this first mecting of thy now Parllament, THERD WAS NO SPEAKING, excopt the opening address by the Presldent o the Chamber, which, of course, spoke of ), ‘Thiers, and, not of course, indeed with a “Viyy Ia Republiquol ™ which the Left recewved with vehiement applause,—the Right, in dull owis. ous silonce. But, to speak .in parliamentary phrase, tho ayes had it. After this followed thy voting for officers of the Asscmbly, which wag effected in a curlous form.—cach Denuty in turn coming forward, and ascending the steps which led up to the offical platforem, where wora statloned two urps and two attend: ante. Evcry man, 08 ho ascended, receiveds ball from tho flest of these nttondants, aud then deposited something in each urn,~in_one of them, no doubt, the ball which be had taken, M. Gambotta was in Dhis placo,—~Dbls fuit head of dark halr slightly grizzled, He 3 of medlun bicht,” with evidences of a warm temperament, and with the threo groat cavitics well developed. “The Pre- sidiog Ofticer froquently cried out, * Gentle- men take part in tho vottng.” Whon this was finlshed, tho votes were counted, and the re- sults mado known. Aud this was all of the oc. casion,—not much to sec, perhaps, and yet hera consldered a matter of great interast, Qur visit to the Sonato, a fuitaight Iater, gave us moro to remember and to chronicle, this we obtained tickéts with great diffleulty. QOur Minlater has o diplomatle pass, which nr{ mits only one. Wo wero two. Fortunately, tho Ministor had given us, besides this pass, hig card bearing a line addressed to ons of the members of the Chomber. Arned with these missives, o succeeded in effecting OOR ENTRANCH INTO TIIE BENATE, not without some offort on tho part of M, Che. moncea, the member In question, who led ug through = varfous halls, and rensoned Wil varigua functionarics, of whom the last epencd the door of the diplomatic box, and told its we might tako scats In tho sccond row,—tha first being absolutely reserved for Awmbassadors, Nono of theso™ made thelr npposrance, but na ona clsc was allawed to sit in thelr rlm:cs. Wo found the gallerles around ns well filled,—many ladics belng presont, also varlous military oflicers and ccclesiastics, Ths tople of the day Was o supposcd lrrvzulnrltry in_the alection ol four new BSonators, rendered necessary by ag mun{ deaths, Tho Right and Left diifered s sentlally in thelr views of this question. The spenkora who endeavored to treat of it were continually intorrupted, and could bo but littly heard by thoso fn tho gallcries. Tho Presidens of the Henate, the Duke D’Audifrot Pasquler, ced on tho table, and rang at intere vals & formidable "bell, erying, ,"n de_mlence, Pil voua pall, messicura P GA ittlo sllonce, 1f you plense, zentlomen,"—the nshers always repeating this sentenco after him, Thia silence \was not casily obtalued, and the French Benato was nolsfer, on this occasion, than the House of Represcutatives in Washing- ton. ‘The general confusion mado it dittcult for the public to be qulio sure ol what was passinz bofpre them. One of the four cloctions, how- over, was surcly Invalldated, and a dav wos ape polated for o new casting of votes. The funce tlonary who took charge of us showed us Victor Hugo, seated at such adistance from us that wa could only distiogulsh the outline of hia hesd, " and bis halr, - nearly white, This, which Is vory little, Is all that we liave to tell of our two visits to tho French Parliament, From the draman of }mlluu. let us poss to tho theatro proper, whichin Parls has a great repus tation, sud plays an important part. THR GRAND OPEIA hero is perhaps tho handsomest thieatre In tho world. 1Its architecturc s somowliat snowy tor somo tastes, but the uninittated would certalaly call 1t magnllicent. The foycr—a greut hall in which people walk during thointervals between acts—{s gorgeous with gold and crimson, und with decorative paluting and sculpture, Both the house and tho stage aro vur{ large, In some of the amall boxas, a side mirror enables thoso who canuot sce the stago to aco tho per fect roflection of everything that gocs on. From such a box we witnessed tho performance of Gounod's **Faust.” Tho nrchestra wus very fino, tho miso-eu-scene perfect, tha perforu anco otherwias only sccond-rate. Tho .Wargus rite of the evenlng waa very inferior to Christing Nilssoni, whom we had séen in Londons whilt the to could mnot compare with the cvol, elegant, wonderful Faure, of whom we havo spoken (n o provious letter. Tho tenor wat slightly bitter than tho very poor une who sang with Mile. Nilason, More remarkablo by fai than tho opera was tha bulict Introduced i the Walpurgis Night. Besides the customary plrouetting and jumpiag,therc was tatroduced t sort of Egyptian dance, of draved figures holils tm‘ urns, and leaping just as the figures on the walla of Pompoli would leap if the apell of fn- actlon could bo ifted from them, Intho Theatro Francais we saw n playof Alezandre Dumas tho Son, much talked aboul sod commended. 1t is called ‘TN STHANOER'; but this Indlvidual Is not the moross gentleman 80 weil known to English play-goers as thio hus- band of Mrs. MHader, 'Thy Btrangor of M. Dumas Is sn Amerjcan woman, malignant, ox- lnunnt‘ rich, elcgant, aud lmrmulblu. Bho 18 one of thoss womon who receive only men at thelr houses, Hor roputation is correapondiog- 1y doubtful,—or certain. 8he hina all the alr of buln‘.: thoroughly corrunt, but, tu & skokeh of her history, inslsts that shie haa nevor allowed any one 10 ¢flace the kiss which her hushand fmprinted upon her check on tho day of her marriage. Tho secret of hier wild 1ifo 1a hatred of men, and revengo for tho evil sho has sut- fored at thuir hands. For she was a slavu, sold at the auctlon-block by her own father. Her husband, at tiret supposed to be in Californis, comed out to visit her, ana appears in all Westera roughness, which 1s much relished by the audlence. Mlle, Barah Bornhandt, an sctre: of eonsiderable raputatlon, makes the pard Afltraes Clarkson s cobierent aa it can well be made. Wo biad becn told beforchand that it was fotended as a take-off of American chagaeier s Lut it did not so appear to us. M, Dumas wished 10 present the most blzarra type of feminine charucter which his fmagination wos able to devise. He was, therofore, obliged to draw upon the distant and unknown. Parisis familiar with Americans who carricature their race and country much moro fully aud sadly than M, Dumas can do {3, ‘The Theatre Fraucals s an older and plainer edifics than the Grand Oporz. Its foyerlsens riched by portrait-statues of Voltaire and of Mine. GeorgeBund. Bothof thcuulumlum]lwr- sous aro represcated in s sliting posture, 1he face of Voltaire |s sparkling with Lis ows wib and vivacity; thet of Mme, Band, portrayed by hier own_ son-ln-law, i thought{ui and fender. The status luspircs 8 welancholy regrel, but ono {s not sure whether this belongs o Its original, TUE DRAMA OF ‘‘DORA," b;l M. Bardou, haa 8 celebrity equal to that of +Tho Btranger.” It fllustraies thy differences between a pure and oxcellent youn girl, sus- rounded by the temptations which Besuty brings 10 Poverty, and & successful and un- scrupalous adventuress, who pursucs ber blame- loas rival, and subjects her for @ time to un- merited umPldau'aud dlsgrace, On the yery day of Dora's marriage, the falso Countead Liyd steals from tho bridegroom's desk an fmportant. paper, having berselt been for a few moments = trusted witl tho keys, whicls the husiand nad cowmmttod Lo tho care uf bis wife. 1ils distrvsd at this A:rpuseu unworthiness on her party the wedding-doy turned fnto s day of augulsih l“‘; both parties, aud the subsequent detuctiol ol Ziga's treasun, all cowbiny to present o sitii- tlon of high drawstic lntercst. M. sardou wakes bis plot powerful aud tntousc. iee