Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 7, 1878, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1878, Thye Tribwne, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, Y MAIL~IN ADVA; Epecimen coples sent 1rce. Giva Post-Oftice sddress in full fncinding Stateand County, Hemittances maybe made elther hy dratt, express, Toat-Office order, or fu rexistered letters, at our risk. TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRINERS, Detly, deltvered, Funday excepted, 23 cents per week. Dally, delivered, Sunday included, 50 centa ver weok. Aduress THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Comer Madiron and Itearborn-sta., Chieago, fil. Orderstor the delivery of Tix Taintxe at Evanaton, Englewood, and Jiyde Park leftin the counting-room will recetve prompt attention. TRIBUNE BRANCI OFFICES. Tru CRICAGO TRINUXK has established branch ofces for the recclpt of subrcrivtions and wdvertiscments as Tollows: NEW YORR~Room 20 7ribune Dullding. F.T. Mo- Favpux, Manager, PARIS, France~No, 10 Rue de is Grange-Datellers, . Mautrn, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—Americsn Exchange, 440 Btrand. Hzxxy F. GILuiv, Agent. BAN FRANCISCO, Cal.—Palacs Motel. MeVickee's Thentre, Madison street, between State and Dearborn. **Baby " and ** Parney the Daron.” Randolph street, between Clark and LaSaile, Engegenicat of the Strakosch Opera Troupe: **Alda.” tinveriy’s Theatre. Monroe street, corner of Dearhorn, Engsgement of McKee Rsokin., **The Danites.” New Chlcago Thentre, Clark street, opposite therman JHouse, Engage- mentof Den Thompeon. **Joshus Whitcomb,* Colisoum Novelty Theatre. Clark street, hetween Washington and Randolph. Variety olfo. BOCIETY BETIN KILWINNING LODGE, NO. 311, A F. & A. Teguiar communication at Coriathian liall 1y evening: work on the Taird. Members are requested 10 be prescnt to make srrangcments for var anpusl sociabicion chw 1nth In Dr. It THIBODO, W. 3. . Ty, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1878 , OHIOAGO MARKET SUMMARY, The Chicagu produce markets were guite ir- reaylar yesterday, with weakness in hog products, Menn pork closed J0@3%5¢ per brl lower, at £10.874 ‘@10.40 for March and 810.50 for April. Lard closed 10c per 100 ™ lower, at 87.273@7.90 for March and $7.37/;@7.40 for April. Meats were steady, st $3.02% per 100 1bs for boxed shoul- deraand 85.45 for do short ribe. Whisky was y, ot $1.03 per galion. Flour was moro e lower, at $1.01% for Pebruary and $1,02% for March, Corn closed for May. Oats e spot and 2044c forday. Rye ic. Darley closed Yc higher, at 1loes were dull and 5@10¢ low- Cnttle wero qolet and un- shanged. at 82,00@3.05. Sheep were dull, with sales at $2.00@4.60. The imports Into the United Kingdom last week incladed 105,000 bris flonr, 176,000 quarters whent, and 165,000 quarters corn. Inspected into store in thle city yeaterday morning: 00 cars wheat, 117 cars corn, 30 cars uats, Gcars rye, ¥0 cars Larley, Total, 281 cars, or 112,000 bu. One hundred gollars in gold would buy $102.00 i greenbacks at the clote. Britieh consoln wers quoted ot 06} and steriing cxchange ot 84,8816, Greenbacks at the Now York Sfock Ex. changa yesterday clqml ot 8, Tho report of a faw days since that tho Grecks had invaded Thessaly and captured o city ealled Domocos, a placa of considerable impartance, turns out to have been a base {fabrication. It is now sald that no conflict hins occurred hotwoen the Hellenie troops and the Turks, but that the whole Kingdom 18 In arms aud apparently enger for tha fray. ‘Tho House Democratic majority i on the point of committing one of ita charactariatio outrages upon justice and falrness, It will unseat Pacneco, the Republican member from the Fourth California District, whom the Bupreme Conrt of that Btate decided! to hiave been lawfully clected, end seat WidoiNroy, the Democratic clniin. ant, who novor was clected. This sort of thing is gotting so comnmon as to uo longer excito surpriso Tho President fis understood to huve be- come thoroughly disgusted with the treat- ment which his nominations ars ro- ceiving ot the hands of the Henato. They are neither confirmed nor rojected, but are allowed to remnln buried in the various Committoos, greatly to the confusion and demoralization of tiso Civil Borvico. Ho has about concluded to send in 1o more nominations until thoss slready submitted receive attention. There {s littlo prospect that the bill for the admission of Utaly, will get through Cou- groea ot the preacnt scusion, It will not, it i3 8ald, get out of the Committee on Terri- tories, except in tho shape of au ndverse ro. port, 83 tho Bub-Committee which has had the matter under consideration for somo time bas concluded that the question, with ita polygamio concomitants, {a too heavy to grapple with wuccessfully, aud that thereis a divinity that shapath Mornon ends which 1sforelgn to tho aima and purposes of our present civilization, The friends of Col. InaensoLt who resd the report of his lecture in Now -York Bun- day evening, printed in our columns this worning, will bo unable to ropress a feeling of rogret thiat tho matchless Illinols orator should so violontly array Limscl? against the roliggious convictions and o roughly jar the sensibilities of thousands of his political ad. wirens in this State. The rhetorical brill- faucy of tho lecture will bo nowhero dis- puted; it §s the question of good taste and & proper regard for the views and feclings of othery that most concerna Col. InoxmsorLy's friends, Day before yesterday gwo rosidents of Drownasville, ** jealous in honor, sudden and quick in quarrel,” crossed the Itio Grande to Matamoras for tho purpose of wiping outa #taiu upon the character of one of the par. tics. The wipers were pistols and the dis- tanco unvamed. ‘Two rounds were fired, aud still the belligerents faced each other un. burned. Heo with the stain insisted upon a third trial, when the proposer was per- forated past mortal endurance, and thus ended the traglc sceme. The Brownsvilla dispatch, in commenting upon the affalr, makea tho customary reference to the arca of gloom that sottled down upon that partic. ular vicinago. e —— The Fourteenth Republican Clab bag expelled Counnty-Oommissioner Mxrzn from wembership. Mxyex was'vominated, sup- ported, and elected as & Ropublican candi. date pledged to labor for the enforcement of the 1wotto, ** Houesty aud Econowy,” which Leadod the ticket on which Lis nswe sppeared. When, immediately upon the organization of the Board, Mezrze vio. lated his pledge and botrayed the Republican supporters by joiting the Ring, and when, Iater on, he voted with tho Ring, and by his voto enabled She Ring to carry throngh the shameless award of the ment contract,—tho most profitable contract in the gift of the Board,—when Merzn de- cided to cast his fortunes with the Ring there wns but one thing for tho Club to do of which e wns a member, and that wag to expol him in disgrace. This was dono lest evening after o thorough review of tho question, and the Club is tho gainer in the respect of the community by its action. Of all the propositions that bave been de- visod to thwart the will of the poople for tho restoration of the old dollar of 412} grains as o fnll legal-tender, none have heen more absurd or objectionable than tho substitute offered yestorday by Senator Crnistiancy, of Michigan. It contomplates that silver shall eternally dance attendance upon the fluctuations of the price of gold, and that the Becrotary of the Treasury, the Trensurer, and the Director of the Mint shall bo created a triumvirato whose duty it shall bo to ses to it that silver keeps timo to the music of the goldites. The Michigan Senator's courso on the silver question is rapidly losing for him what reputation he evor had as a practical statesman; and this last froak is the Leaviest blow of all, Tho rejection of the proposhl to hold the Conferenco in Vienna by Russia is sound, and s just what might have been expected. Bha takes the ground that the tranquillity of asmall town in ono of the minor States, and the authority that would b given to the deliberations by the presonce of the foroign Ministers of other Powers, wonld insure not only practical but very speody results in the interests of poace. Tho position which she assumes {s absolutely correct, Perhaps the Czar, when ho came to this conclusion, had our own attempt to compromise in Halifax in view, where, by wining and dining, by ulterior and outside inflaences, by the cun. ning of the sharp Bluo Nosos and the ac- commodating disposition of a woak Amer- fcan representative, we found oursolves mulcted in 86,250,000 for twelve yoara' fish- ing. 'The proper Stato in which to hold such a Conference is & neutral, not n hostile one,—Bwitzerland for instance,—and no bet- ter city could befound than Genevs, whichhas becomo provorbial s a City of Conferences. It would bo just as appropriate for England to demand that the Conferonce be hold in London as for Austria to insist upon Vienna. Upon the same ground, and with the same consistency that Austria demands her Capital a8 the place, Russin might demand 8t Petorsburg, 1f anything could reconcile the friends of silver remonotization to the tedions and un. necessary dolay of tho Senate In reaching o final voto on the question, the speech of Mr. TuursMAN yesterdasy would have that tend. ency. Bearcoly sn objection hns beon ised in any quartor to tho restoration of tho bi-metallic system that is not met and ably auswered, scarcely n prodiction by the golditos of tha evil effacts to ensuo that is not shown to bo without & Lnsis in reason or experience. Judge TuvRMAN'S speech ought to closa the debate, Enongh hos been sald on both sides of the gues. tion, and what the people want now is a voto on the passago of tho Silver bill, Benator Axrisoy is hopefnl of bringing it to avote before the Senate ndjourns for its Sunday rocess, It is to bo earnestly desired that he will bo successful. A favorite argu. mont of the goldites is that the business of tho country ia suffering from the uncertainty produced by the agitation of thoe silver ques- tion. Why ngitato farther? Nothing con bo more certain than that the Brano bill, a3 amended by the Ssuato Finance Committee, giving the Government what profit thore may bo in tho colnage of silver dollars, will become a law, voto or no veto, Let the goldites reliovo the country at once by join. ing Mlr, Aruisoy in his offorts to bring on sn early vote. Tho startling information is conveyed in tha cablo dispatchos this morning that the Russinng now occupy Constantinople ; that they Liold the city, it is supposed, in parsu- nnce of on agreement with the Porte which Russin made no mention of in communicat. ing to tho Powers the armistice conditions, but which were koptso close a secret that the knowledgo of tho nctual occupation Dburst upon London yeatordny like n thunder- bolt from a clear sky. To say that the anti. Russlan journals in London fairly rave at the intelligence is uo exaggeration, That tho wiy Gontscraxorr should have ac+ cowplished this terrific stroke of stratogy, and kopt from the world even so much as a susplcion of the fact for ten dnys, i a blow fu tho face of England which takos her ‘brenth away, and tho rest of the world will open fls eyos wido withs astonfelimont at the maguificent audacity with which Russin bas hoodwinked and ‘defied all Europe. With Russian soldiers manuing the water de. fenses of Coustantinople, England’s navy would bo powerless to move; whila aufii. cfont timo has olapsed since the agreemént was coneluded to enable tho strengthening of the Russian conmuulcations on Iand so 6y to defy any forco that could bo immediately sot in motion in that direction. Rusuincom. manda the situation, audevidontly intends to tako tho consequeuces. Whother the Ozar'y troops actually hold the fort in the manuer reported by the dispatches, or whether, in pursusuce of an understanding with the Porte, tho Russiaus hnvo advanced to fm. portant positions praoctically cowmmarnding Constantiuople and the Dardanelles, as the milder form of ruizor in Loudon states the situation, it is cloar that s critical change hus takon place in the aspect of affairs, and that the outlook iw dubious in the extreme. The Boston Adcertiser shx& off & leader in this way: \Fe uro auro Tuk o 1 5 onilomes (1) That It comagt e o g law that will nake debte alrvady contracted psy. able fn cheapor wouvy than the greenbacks uow ar {hat Kt cannol ga Ronevt S0 nass Taw thay med Lo waky and that will make yreenbacke sluy than they now possces; sud () thut it b not sensible 10 uxpect that yold and wilvor dol- lars will circuluto togetlier and wids by sids unlesa thiey bave by squal market value. ‘Why would it not Lo * honeat ¥? Ninety- nine per cont of tho debts of the peovle of the United States were coutracted in mouey choaper than tho greenbacks now are, Why is it dishonest to let people pay their debts in woney of wimilar nature to that in which they were contructod?” How is it honest to cowpel thom to puy in dearer money 7 How is it honest, after they have contracted cheap-wouey debty, to pass a law making money dear, and forcing thom to liguidate their cheap debts in dear oney? ¥rom the foundation of the Goverument down to threo or fuur years ago, the American people alwayy Dossossed tho votiamal right to poy their debts in eilver or gold. They always had the option to liquidate any obligation in the cheaper metal. That was their right and privilege, We regard it almost in the natare of a constitntional right. In the enjoyment of that right consists tho financial safe- ty of busingssmen, Tho worst Iaw Congress has passed in fifly years— porhaps the most injurions act it ever passed =—as that one atriking out of the currency legal-tender silver, and thereby enhancing money and debts, and depriving the dabtor of his option of payment. The demonotiza- tion of nilver has hed the effect of making gold abnormally and oxcessively dear. The pnssago of that bad, wicked law enhanced the monaey for the payment of dobta already_ contracted by a genoral average of 80 to 40 per cent. It cannot be dishonest or wrong to ropeal a law which has bronght dstress and misery upon tha country, and has rained multitudes of business-moen. It is always right and proper to repenl bad enact- ments. After that Shylock act s ro. penled, we shall find ont whother *gold ond silver dollars will or mot cir- eulate together side by side” The Adeertiser, even though it ia published in Boston, s not wiso enough to know that they will nat march along keeping step to the same musio. They do in France; why notin Amerlca? Whila gold is, in effect a donhle legal-tender,~that is, doing double duty,— and silver standing idle, doing nothing, it is not surprising that the purchasitg power of the former is greator than that of the latter. But take half the load off gold, and set ailver at work, and you will quickly see their respective valnes approximated, and the howl ogainst & 9l-cent dollar will be atilled for- aver, WHAT SILVER MIGHT HAVE DONE. Thore {8 just one fair way to test the merits of the silver controversy now, in view ‘of the adwmitted fact that the silver dollir was climinated from our monetary system without the knowledge and consent of tho poople; and this is to reason out what tho status ond {ofluence of logal-tonder silver money would havo been if tho exclusive gold standard had not beon adopted, Tho substitution of the subsidiary silvor colns for the papor fractionals will farnish some clow to the probable operation of g silver curroncy, Just 80 soon as the balffon valuo of silver deprecistod to the level of the graonback, so that paper and silver could bo kept in oirculation side by side, there was n universal domand that the ragged and dirty fractionals, with the losscs fncident to counterfeiting and decay, should be retired, and that ,the bright, shining silver dimes, quarters, and half-lollars should tako their placo, There was animmediate complianco with tho demand, and now soma £40,000,000 of subsidiory silver coin is in active circula. tion with greonbacks, though a legal-tender only to tho amount of 36, and sctually de- basad below the standard of the silver dol- lar, Had the silver dollar remnined a rocognized coln of the nation, and rotained the full legal-tender valuo which it had previous to tho demonetization of 1878-'74, it would not have awalted o depreciation of silver to n level of greonbacks, or an appreciation of groanbacks to its own leve), in order to make its appoarnnco and play its part in the mone- tary system of tho country, Just so soon as Gorman demonstization had reduced the market value of silver bullion so that the standard of 16 01 should have placed the American silvor dollar and tho American gold dollar ot par, tho silver product of this country would have boen sent to the mints for coluage, If the dopreciation of silver ‘ullion had continued 8o that the gold dollar of 25 8.10 grains should have becomo more voluablo than the silver dollar of 4124 graing, then the mlver dollars would have wusurped the placo of the gold dollara entire. ly. Without any regard as to what was done with the gold, tho people would then have paid dutios in silver dollars, and the Govern- ment would have pald its intercst in silver dollars, The new refunding bonds would liave been offerod for silver dollars, and the proceads would have been used to call in and pay off matured bonds. . During the process, involving a new uso for gilvor sud the domestic disuse of gold, it is difficult to concolve that the depreciation of silver and abnormal enbancement of gold values would have continued. Gold would probably have been held dowa to the silver standard, and greenbaocks wenhl bave ap- proximated a gold value even moro rapldly than has boen the case; there would bhave been en adequate resnmption. fund to look forward to, and, al- most without giving notice, gold, sil. ver, ond greenbacks wonld have begun to ciroulnte side by side in anticipation of re. sumptlon, a8 has beon the case for two years in France, though the date of rosumption Liad not been roached. But, even if we can suppose that gold and eilver would have part- od compnuy es they have done under silver demonetization, thonsllver and greonbacks would bave attained a common lovel, and together would have formed the curroncy of the people, with sucd a beneficent offect on tho business of the country na thoe addition of, say, $300,000,000 of real, bard, metal money would natugglly havo cxerted. Tho shrinkage of values would havo been arrest- od before now, bankrupteios without numbor would have been avertod, general confidence would have been largely rostored, and by this time the country would Lave been on tho high road to rencwed prosperity. Now suppose this had been tho,current of events following the panlo of 1873, instead of tho roverse which tho people have had to endure, and supposo the silver dollar occu. pled to~day tho sams position in our currency that it always occupied previous to tho de- mopetization,—wko would dare to come for- ward with a proposition to depionotize silver and enforce the payment of debts in the déarer motal of the double standard ? Where is the newspaper, or the public men, or the clique of men, who would assume the ro- sponuibility of such a proposition? Would Bavazp, or Eitoy, or Epmuxps, or Coxk. Lixg, or any of the Congressional represcut- atives of the gold clique, offer a resolution or report a bill to deprive the Government or private debtors of their lawful option to pay in silver instend of gold? Would Jax Gouwp's Now York nawspaper, or any other of the newspapers that now defend the claims of the gold cligue, dare to advocate openly such a chango of the law as would prevent tho Government and the people from paying their ‘debts in the choaper of the two moetals, and force them to pay in the dearer? Would ths bondhold- ors and monoy-lenders of the East, banded together aud hiolding up ona another, develop suflicient courago o ask for such legislation for their own private gain and to the palpa- ble injustice of the taxpayers and the great mass of the people? Under such cf stances, it would be imposaible for the mou- cey-londers to disgulso tho fact that they were asking 110 ceuts fu payuent of 100 conts; ond that is precisely what thoy are dving now. But if no man in his senses would have hnd the brazen offrontery to nsk for tfo demonetization of silver now, if tho stand- nrd had been permitted to remain as it was, there is certainly no merit in the claim that the people must be perpetually deprived of the advantages of the donble standard, be- causo the option was taken away without tho consent of the peopls by a few designing men who secured the unwitting assent of a large number who did not understand the offect of the law for which they voted. The act of 1878, which morely dropped the coinago of the silver dollar, was not of A nature to arouso suspicion or attract comment. It was on mct for the regulation of the mints, always sub- ject to ropeal, rovision, and amendment. The act of 1874, by which the silver dollar waoa diverted of itslogal-tender function, was o mere {ncident {n the revision of the stat- utes, and accopted as a literal transcript of the act of 1878, though it was notso. But neither of the lawa was in tho nature of & contract. Nelther of them was understood by the people, nor by the Cpngress which framed them, to make o radical and perma- nent change in the money standard of the nation,—n change that could never honestly Lo made without fully ascertaining the sentiments and acquiring tho assent of the people. Nelthor of thesa aots denationaljzed silver ns American money, thus putting it boyond tho powerof tne people to restore the silver dollar short of a constitutional omendment, Noither of thoso ‘laws, in spirit or in lotter, deprived Congress of the same right to amend which all other legisla- tion carrfes with it. Neither of them gavo tho money.londing class any mofe moral right to inslat upon the payment of debts in a single and the dearor metal than they would have to make the same demand to-Iay it silvor had not been demonotized, The peoplo of this county, as the taxpay. crs upon whom the responsibility and bur- den of the public debt rest, demand that the dobt ghall be paid on the basis on which it was contracted, viz.: the option to pay in ellver or gold. Tho Government has always had that option, and always exercised it without dissont or question to pay in the cheaper of the two metals. The Revolu. tionary war dobt, and the debt consequent upon the war of 1812, were paid in silver dollars, becauso tho silver dollars were then the cheaper, and nobody disputed the right or quostioned the morality of such payment. ‘Tho dobt growing out of the Moxican war,' and so much of the* Robollion war debt na was paid, wero discharged in gold, because gold was then the choaper of the two metals, nud nobody was insanc enough to exact pay- mont insilver because silver wasthonthedoar. er. Thesamo optionis rightfullydemanded to- day for the payment of debts, both public and privato, and no man would be foolhardy enough to dispute tho privilego if silver had not clandestinely boon dropped from our monoy system in order,to afford a pratoxt for the brepostorons claim of an oxclusive gold payment. THE DARDANELLES, The bistory of Turkey's ¢laim to close the Dardanellos agoinst foraign veascls of war is not gonerally known, as the treaty records bearing on that point are mainly inaccessiblo. As the question will shortly como up in the FEuaropean Conforonco os one of the most prominent subfocta of discussion, a brief mummary of the varions treaty provisions bearing upon it will enable the reader to form o more intelligent opinion upon its merits when it is presontod by Russia to the Con- foronce. Sir W. V., Hamocoust, tho woll known English historical writer, haa racent- ly communlcated o paper upon the varions treatica to the Loudon Timesto correct tho mistaken notions that prevail even in En- gland, who is most directly intorosted, the statemonts in which furnish the baals of our information. From the soventeonth century, at which time Vonice and Turkey were. frequently at war, to the commencement of the ninetosnth contury, the right claimed by ‘Turkey of koeping foreign ships of war out of the Dar- dauelles was tacitly admitted, but there was no formal acknowledgment of it until 1809, wheon tho Treaty of the Dardanclles was ne- gotinted botween Turkey and Great Britain, in which tho former declored her intention to close the Dardanclles sud Boaphorus to ships of war of all nations, both in time of war and peaco, snd tho latter engaged to respect that right, as will be scen by the fol- lowing article: Ant, XI, As it has been at all timos forbidden, o vemsuls of war to enter the Canal of Congtantinople, —~that is to aay, Into tho Stralts of tho Dardanellcs and that of the Black Bea, —and as this sucient rule of the Ottoman Kmpire Lt 10 by in like manner heroafter observed in time of aco in regard to sl Fowars woaloever, the Court of Great Britaln undertakes 8150 to conform ftael! to thie principle. .. This wos the firet official declaration of Turkey's rights in the Dardanolles, and it ‘was made upon Turkey's own motien, The second came from Ruusia in 1883, dusing the Egyptian war, fu the Treaty of Unkiar- Blkelessi, which was in roality a detonsive al- lanco, Russia belng willing to sccept the stipulation of Turkey to enforce the pro- visions of tho treaty of 1800 as a guaranteo to furnish her * substantial ald.” Tho de- fensive alliance, however, was not construed by any European Power as giving Russla, in caso sho were at war with another Power, any more righta in tho Dardanelloa than she had under thetreaty of 1809, Iu 1841 the five great Powors—KEngland, Russia, France, Prussia, and Austrin—reafirmed tlho troaty of 1800, which thua for the firat timo re- celved general sanction from the combined European Powers. The Treaty of Pariyof 1856 sgain roafiirmod tho principle, and odded tho following article; « The Black Sea fe neutrallzod; its wators snd its ports, throwy open to lhe mercanuly mariue of very nation, are formally and in perpetulty in- :-:A{uufi l:'mu fing of war eiticr of lg: I‘n"fl’l other Powor, with romulnl' s connis or of BN bo excoption of vessols sl tbe wmouth of the Danube. . ‘Tho last action upon the question was taken in 1871 at the London Counference altor the closo of the Frauco-Germau war, at which the representatives of the Powers abrogated the above clause and agreed npon the following declarstion lu its place: ‘The priuciplo of the closiug of tho Strulte of the Durdauclles and the rus, Las been established by the sepuzate treuly of 1850, ls wantained, with pow, his Imporial Majoaty the Sultan to oper the sald atralts I tize of peace 10 the feets of the (rlendly sud allied Puwers in nt that the sxecution uf the stipulstions of aty of Parts should roquire it It we add to the sbove compilation the demaud ot Russia on the 81t ult., for the opening of the Dardanelles to vessols of all nationy as one of the preliminary bases of peace, the condition to ba reforred to & Con- furence of the signitories of the Treaty of Parls, thoe record is complete to date. While the armed vessels of all other nations have been rigidly excluded from the Dardanelies, and havo never entered the straits except in time of war, whon they bave forced their way in, Amerizan war-vcssels have enierod it aud eailed up to Constantinopls on three different occasions without protest from the Porte. Tho first to enter was Capt, Baix. BRIDGE, with the frigate Qeorga Washington, in 1800; the second, a frigate of twenty guns, in 1810; and the third, tho frigate ‘Wabash, Capt. Bannon, who in 1858 passed up to Conatantinaple, defending his nction upon the ground that the Unlted States waa not one of thesigners of the Treaty of Paris, and meeting with a friendly reception from the Porte. It may bo antici. pated at the very outset that Ruos- sia's proposition to open the Dar- dsnelles, which tho Treaty of Paris closed “in perpetuity,” will be the principal theme of discussion, and the signal for bitter gp. position on the partof the representatives of England. If Austrla or any onaof tho Powers should aide with her, it may prova the rock upon which the Conference will split, unless Russia should withdraw hor claim, It is not impossible, however, that her claim will bo eanceled by all the Powers excopt England, aince the impression has for some time been gaining grouad in Europe that the only result of olosing the Dar- danelles {3 to make the Mediterranean Soa English waters, monopolized by her ocoupa- tion of Gibraltar and Malta. Tho idea has also gained gronnd very rapidly that it is un. just, if not absurd, to shit Russia out from the Mediterrancan Sea upon the merely selfish pretext of England that to give Rus- sin access to Constantinople and the right of way through the Dardanclles wonld be to threaten her route to Indin. THE NEW OUBTOMS RRGULATIONS. The now regulations issued by the Secre- tary of the Treasury with a view to the pre- vention of frauds.in the New York Custom- House, published in "our Washington dis. patches of yesterday, are narrow in scope and utterly inadequate to the accomplish. ment of the object intended. They do not touch the Appraiser's office oxcept in a singlo particular,—that of damage allowance, And on that subject they mercly revive an old practice, namely: that of requiring mer- chandiso upon which a damago allowance has beon mado to be stenciled with the word *‘damage,” together with a statement of the amount of damage allowed: This requira. ment is easy of ovasion. Of course the ‘ox- aminer who 18 enough of arogue to make an allowance of damage whera no damago cxiats will bo complnacent enough to atencil the word *damagd" on ten or fifty packages out of the one hundred or one thousand packages returnod 0s demaged, - We repeat, in substance, what wo said yosterday: Moro atringent rogulations will avail nothing unless tho officials at _tho hond of the servico are in full sym- pathy with the purposs of the Beo- rotary of the Treasury to bring about a radi- cal reform., To illustrate: 1t s notorious that damage allowances have boon mado at tho port of New York upon merchandise porfectly merchantablo. In the fourth ro- port of the Jax Commission occurs the fol. lowing statement of o witness, * ons of the most experienced officera™: “1 have ex- amined soms articles of merchandise whero an allowance of 40 per cont hiad beon mado, ond I wonld not give but 6. Inanother caso of damage whore, on eighty-four bales of wool, thero had been allowed from 5 to 40 per cent, it was found on re-cxamination that but twelve baloa had been slightly dam- sged by salt water.” ‘Wae bave boen shown a Now York broker'a * momorandum” ao- count with' an importer of an in. terior city» whereln report was mado of application for damsge allowance on 002 pocksges merchandise passed at the Now York Custom.House, 'and following js the substanco of the re- port: Allowance of damags of from 5 to 20 por cent on 408 packoges; allowance refused on 104 packnges; ** not seen, four packages,” Thus it shows that tho damnge appraise. ment comprised the entiro invoice ; for eyery package is accounted for eince four packages not seen ore reforrod to, The startling featuro of this casa is still to bo exhibited. The importer of this merchandise stated Jrankly that every package tcas in perfect con- dition, and wassold as merchantadle goods. Ts it presumable that oxaminers capable of committing this spectos of fraud are to ba reformed by moro stringent regulations? Tho disclosures we havo quoted from the report of the Jar Commiusion wore made six months ago, but we have not heard of the discharge of any of tho guilty exam. incrs in the Now York Appraisers offlce. 'The only cure for such acoundrelivm consists in the culting off of heads; and, if the heads of subordinates do not fall, then those of thelr superiors should be made to answer for the crimes thoy so coolly ignore, ‘The new regulation in relation to entries, requiring them to be lodged with a particular clerk and lstribatod impartially with regard to timo, is also merely tho revival of a prac- tico of twenty yoars ago. It is & proper rogulation, and the fact that it finally passed out of observanco shows tho extreme laxity of management which bas prqvailed in the Collector's office. It is intonded to prevent, and It enforced will pre. vent, discrimination in favor of some importers and agsinst others in the matter of clearing goods. That is all. It scarcely touches tho question of frauds, but is m. tended to do awoy with the little meaunesags of clerks who are in the pay of importers, snd go disposcd to give them advantages over inporters' who do not pay them. Tho point made, however, is, that the new entry rulo will oporate to prevent a particular clerk fromn habjtually passing tho entries presonted by sauy one broker or firm. This may au- noy the ey of six bundred brokers who infeat the halls and corridors of the Custom. House, DBut their chief reliance is not upon the entry clerks. It is through the hands of examiners in the Appraiser's ofice that they pass dummy packages and undervaloed goods, snd to meet this difficulty and correct this evil mot a wingle step seoms to bave boen taken in the new reguations, Iy there any objection to the adoption of the sample system to which we bLave repeatedly alluded? We bavs shown that it wonld cost uothing, and that it would subject all ap- praisement to the judgment of a aingle tri. bunal,—~the Washington Bureau,—and so produce unlformity, that grand desideratum, ‘There is not o line in the new regulations bearing nearly or remotely on the sppraise. ment of dry'goods. Aud yet it is a fact that in the department of dry goods tho heaviest frauds occur, Why this omission? 1t is certaloly wost jmportant, and can scarcely bo sooldental. We respectfully suggest to Becrotary Sumzamax to inquire deeply as to whether ghu subordinates in his office charged with the duty of attending to tho detalls requisite in the proparation of the new regulations labozed in his intorest and in the interest of a faithful collection of the revenue, or in the interest of the corrupt impostery’ ring ot New York Qity? emee— The vote in fouse of Representatives in favor of the revival of the War tax ou in- coms 108y bo taken a3 au indication of the exnsperated stato of the publie mind resnlt- ing from the persistent effort of the money- lenders to maintain the fraudulent demone- tization of silver, that gold may have Au ex- aggerated value. The denunciation of the reatoration of silver coinage and silver money 84 a swindle, devised by distonest mon to choat their creditors, was not the wisest way 10 rench the reason of an intellizgent people. ‘While wa have no thonght that the income tax will be revived, especially for the pur- pose of reducing taxes on whisky and tobac. o, tho vote in the House furnishés an indi. cation a3 to what anIndignant and ontraged poople may do should a small faction suc- cesafally defoat tho national will. The op- pononts of the Bilver bill are greatly migtakon if they dream that tho people of the'conutry aro not dotermined aud earnost on this sub- Joct. 5 Y ‘The watchword * Perish a! " has nover found favor except with a smnll and unincreas- ‘ing sectlon of Englishmen. Tho Bgjtish natlon ‘has too lively a percoption of the lucrative na ture of its relations with India to ever adopt a motto Jndieating & relinquishiment of its profita- ‘le dopendencies in the Orient. Just now the anxiety scems to be how to retain them. The Empire of Tndia contafns, roughly speaking, 250,000,000 of inbmbitants, of which 200,000,000 ars under tho direct government of thq British, and 50,000,000 are under the away ot nomlnally independent native Priuces, For tho govern- ment of Its 200,000,000 subjects the British na- tlon maintains an army of 190,000men, of whom 05,000 are Europeans and 125,000 arc natives. For the government of thelr 00,000,000 subjects the native Princes emoloy ar- mies agaregatiog 830,000 mien,—ucarly twico aslargen force as the Viceroy cau commaud. A few ycars sgo an anomaly like this would have caused little anxfety; but since the great mutiny the natives have been gradnally acquir- ing European weapons, and havo learncd to use tnem. The most powerful of the tributary Princes Is tho Maharajah Scixpiau, whose army liss not only sssumed formidable proportions, but has becomo thoroughly equipped with rifles and Ansstnoso guns. The sttention of the Dritish authorities was tirat called to this fact during *ho visit of the Prince of Wales, when the guns were handled by native soldiersina manner worthy of tae Royal Artillery. More than this, the relatlons between ScrNpran and the British authorities have been embittered by the refusal of the labter to withdraw tho Britlsh garrison from tho fortress of O wallor in thc Maharajah’s dominions, Consider- ing these facts, and anlso that no great pressure would be required to induce any of the lndian provinces to reyolt, docs there 1ot serm to be a precarions future for British rule in the Fast! The London Times ‘may well become alarmed. With Russia ad- vaoclug slowly yot inovitably from the Khivan deserts across tho Hindoo Koosh, snd with a vast and turbulent uative population growing bolder cach] year os they grow tore skilled in modern warfare, the problem of maiutatning for tho Royal family of Enogtand tho new Im- periat title becomus annually more complicated. . —————— To Tnz Cutcago TanuNE: Ad s00n as you can demonatrate, by some batter rm:unlhun that of uessing, 1o the eatisfaction of lutclligent minds, fiat your proposed Dl-conts sliver coin would b ual toa true doilar of 100 cents, tha Journal Will stop '+*addiog upan that ono attlng, “—~Jour- nal. x ‘There aro two ways of *demonstrating " ft. Ono I8 to romonctize sllver and 1t will quickly demonstrate ftsclf. The other s the exe pericnce of other countrics, fucluding our own, when silver was o legal-tender, Can ke Journal nome any first-class na- tlon where eliver and gold are both uulimited legal-tenders for all debts, public and private, in which siivar circulates at 01 per cent? or af any per centiless than 1003 1n the whole Latin Unlon, sllver circulates at par with gold; in the whole German Empire, it clr- culates at par with gold; and that, too, on the ratio of 153¢ to 1, whils our ratio fs 16 of silver tolofgold. All tho ‘‘demonstration” thers iy n cxistenco goes to prove that sfiver and gold will clreulate togethier.on equal terms when efl- ver s remonctized ond mude as foll a legal- tendor as gold. Unless the Journal can shovw, when silver was a legal-tender In this country, that it was *n Ol-cent coln,’” or can show that, fu the great natious whero silver and gold ars now cquaily legal-tenders, silver is “a 9l-cent coln,” it had better stop flddling on its one cat- gut. It has already mado itsclf the laugblng. stock of tho community by ita ridlculous 01-cent caterwauling, and nonsensical * fteration of o “ghallow conceit.” ———e A Washington dispatch contalns this ridicu- lous picee of {nformation: Fenator Eatox (gold bug) was €0 worked g by YVoonugensiiver specch some daya agu, and be- came o Indignant at Voonuxss' sentimonts, th ho hina ceased apoaking to bim personaily, ludes to him In private conversation as demagoguo statesman.” He used this phrase in his speech to-day, sud It was understood that lia fntended to apply it to Voonuxsy, who was not in his neat, howevor, 4 It might vertinontly be foquired, On what meat does this virulent Copperhoad feed that he has grown so finportans? Dax Voonnzes is nut our beau-ideal of u statcsman by a good deal, but ko can grate down that Connecticut | nutineg in short metre. Ho ls undoubtedly something of o demagogue; but that character 1s much to be preferred to that of the akiu-flint “atatesman " who seeks to swell the usurers' dollars and the-poor mey's debts by means of clandestine legislation. Auything before o 8hylock, the Edtor of Ths Tridune. UIIICMID.”B!!L 5,—~Will you ploass explain why the now dollar now iu clrculation ts callod the trade-doliar? who it {s mado h&’ will 1t psy dutles? and what 18 its value In goid? By anewer- 1ng, you wilk-greatly oblige A Supscniekn, It was Invented and called & trade-dollar by Dr, LivpEusay, Suporintendent of the Mint, and {otended for exportation to China to pay for tea. 1t was mado a little heavier than the Mezxican dollar, which was the favorite jn Ching, inorder to supplaut it. It will pay .uo dutles, aud is a legal-tender for no smount in this country, and its valuo in gold varies with tho fluctuations of gold caused by'the strife of Europeans to grab the scanty stock of gold held Ly each from oue another. The voet Darbax was & ellver man. Some enterorisiug book-worm, rummaging among the podt's letters to his publisher, Las come across the following: * Therefore, I give you notice that I have done the seventh ‘Afnaid? in the country, and {uteud fn some few days beuce to &0 upon the efghth; when that (s done, I ezpect £50 in good sliver, not such as I have had for- merly. Iam not obliged to take gold, neither will 1" 3 e It {s very questionable whether the poopla of Burcuaun's district desire thefr Representative ta vote and use his influence in Congress to re- finpose thy odious fnvome wartax, not for the object of ralsing revenue, but for the purposs of chespening the grog of whisky-sosks. It was supposed that it was only such demagogues 88 CanTER HaArasON, hunting ofter Commu- nista’ votes, that would favor such legislstion, ———— A correapondent, writing from Archer, Fla., says that the salutation *Bo-loog, Masss,” or 48olorab, Massa,” has been In use ia UGeorgls, Florids, und other extreme Southern States from tlme Linmemorlal, amoug uegroes who still practice the heatbenlsh rites of Africa. It scoms to Lo o remnsnt of one of the native Alyican dislects, and is wortby of the fuvestigs- tion of philologlats. e ——— Nzat Dow has devised o new Aaine Liquor law which will necessitate larger demijohns and & more genersl hume-consumption ‘ol whisky than ever bufurein the bistury of Maine's tewmperance agitation. o {hs Bdtor o T Tribuna, Caicauo, Feb. 5.—Will you kindly inform the wriler if in’ case the Uniiad States weut to war witn Eoglnd, Gerwany, of France, the subjects of the particular countsy 1n questivn could rematn in tov LUited States, add, I} s0, on what condi- toua? and obllze Pasiia. lu time of war, sublects of hoatile ustivus aro 0 permitted to leave within a spechiled period, ur,‘ il they choose to remain, they aro amenable to the Internatiogal law governing allens. Sowed times they are placed under the protection of an Ambassador of & neutral SBtate, as the (iermang in Parls were taken in charge by Minfster Wasnuunne during the Franco-Prusslan war, ‘The Cinpinnat! Enguirer has no great affec tion for tho Secretary of the Treasury and lifs contraction, gold-resamption policy. It piaces over {ta dally list of failures the following, In Qisplay Nues: fnhylock Sitznsan still demands his vound of flesh, and gets 1t nearest the hoartof the atrug. gling businesa men, hisbusiness yesterday amount. 1ng to considerably over a million dollars. a— - : Tha Natlonal Firemen's Journal fa the nama of anewspaper published In New Yorik, devoted totho {ntorests of the firomen of tho Unfted States, and contains ccrn.‘;pandmu and other information concerning thé Are departments of Ali the citles. Mr. C, N, Bisnor, 159 La Balls street, 1s the Chicago representative of the papor. New York reporters, according to Mr, Bxrcagr, are deficient In the vory thing fn which, above all others, Chicago reporters are acknowledged to be deeply learned, and from which they hourly deriva so much spiritual com. fort and consolation, ,He saya the New York reporters are profoundly {gnorant of theology, ea—— ‘The telephone, having been exhibited to the Queen, will now run the gamut of English so. clety. Itls necessary to be presonted at Coury 1n order to become truly and divinely arlstocrat. fcin England, Bomewhat of the soclal sanctity adleres to Kats FigLp, even although she was at'thie other end of the wire. The profanity of Gen. SuERyMAN, fo alluding tothe Banming biil for the reduction of the army, was of that mellifiuons, every-other. word atyle for which our eminent fellow-citizen V. F. BTORRY has attained so just a celebrity. But, barring tho dashes, his scutiments wera sound, —— In anawer to several mqulrics, we state that Mr. D, I Lincowy, the Prestdent of the Chicago Board of Trade in 1877, Is not now con- nected {n any way with any other Exchsoge; and that N, K. FAIRDANK, Esq., Is the present President of tho Board of Trada of thls city. - —— According to the Detrolt Post and Tribune, Joszrit Caox “left his élass and studics at Yale Collcge and was on inmate of 8 Massa. chusetts insano asylum.” 1t would nppear as i he had sinco been discharged therefrom as an inoffenstye but hopeless case. ——— The foreign dispatches hint that Englandfs behind Austris In the warltke mavements of the latter Power. This may ba true; but It {s quite ‘possible that Austriamoy find her too far bebind to be of any scrvice when comes the tug of war, AL L Tho country Is buoyed up with the hope that tha harmony which exists between Br.atxa sod Burzer on the silver question miay avert o bloody struggle betwoen Maine and Massachy. setts. It is comparatively safe to call o may *enoth. er" by telegraph, Fortunately CRANDLER #ld Burke are not witala plstol-range, Otber- wise the former would be obliged to run. e T e T e T A AN AN s TR O YR P A e dm o o Advlces from Cape Town report severc tights ing on the Transkal. Tho fact that the war has been enrried Into Africa, porhaps, explalng ‘why they aro getting none fn Europe. ———— W. E. Cnaxprzn was not dead, afterall ‘There 1s some reason to believe that he was burled alive and that the coflin-lld was not sa curely serowed down, ———— £ v The WasmiNaToN Monument Assoclation has recently sdopted a new plan upon which not te eroct & monument to the momory of the Father of his Country. ‘The latest advices concerning Gen. GRANT'S whercabouts have not been recolved. Has bo sot himself up in busiuess pa an Egyptlan Sphinxt . ° Tho howl of the Democrats for the conviction of tho Returniug Bosrd looks & good deal like biting the hand that fed them. | | P Look out for a corner on crape. The London papers bring the melancholy news that the Akhoond of Bwat {s dead. | Tho fata of the Metropolls leads us to obserse that some men go down to the sea—tha bottom of the sca—in ships. | Despairing wall of Turkey: 1bad hoped ts savo my tall-feathers, but here comeths Groeks. In the case of tho agitated forelzn natfons, ft apvears to be all * blow » and no blows. Tho only curs for the dlstdmper in Greeco s for that natlon to take a little Cretan fsle. | In thorovised map of Europa ‘Turkey will look nbout as big as & recd-bird on toast. | It was not so much an armistice that the Turkish Porte wanted as a disarmistice. . Olcomargarine contains no hairs. It fs the only style of bald-headed butter, o Mr. Pork, the Doorkeepsr, appears tobs & “ biger" man than the House. | PErmrm ety e s O X iz sl Greeca is in n slippery condltfon—down at the cel, 89 It wero, e — PERSONAL, L4 — Gall Hamilton says: ¢ BeoausoIlove, } rebuke and chasten.” Come, now, Gall, none of that! Doorkeeper Polk asks for an investigation. Tlo {8 80 anxlons about {t that bo s even willing W make §¢ himself. A young lady in Wisconsin refused nn offer of marringe on the gronnd thas her father was ovl sble to support s larger family, Thirty years sgo Percy R, Pyne .entersd Moses Taylos's countlng-room fu New York, sud 8 now the ropresentative of that great frm, An Eastern paper speaks of Lydia Thomp- son's cconomy in dicwsing, Bho fe not at sll oconomical in tals direction, The fact is, sue waaré & aude dress every night, The sunburned boy at Baltimore sus- pected of belng Charlle Rose Is belng bleached out in order that My, Hloss may tho moro readsly decide that he Is some other youngater, A High-Church vicar advertises in an Ea+ glish paper for s curate, to whom he will psy $12.50 a week. By way of induccment it s added that the curats can Snd eligible lodgiuge for $15.73 & week. Among the small but notable works of the day 1s & publication of soms atray poeme by Bir Kenslin Digoy, adited by Mr. Hengy A. Bright Somo of them are very gualntlike, thst, fur fov stance, In which the shephe te described, ‘Thare {s a pasesge, for instance, which rans thust Happy shopherdess, whose clothes sre but & whid waluovat, . Aad 03 lier 8330 & poor but cleaaly petticoat. Prof. Hall haa christensd his twla discove eries Mars' satallites, ** Delmus " and ** Phabus." Tower mentions the names in the Bfteenth baokof tbe Iliad, wbore Mare ls preparing to descend i@ the earth. Bryant rendors the lines thus; ** He spake and suminoned Fear (Deliaus) sod Flight (Phabu) to yoxe his steeds aud put bis gloriows armor on.” Sonator Howe, of Visconsin, Chairman of the Library Committee, made an smusing blundel the othorday. Some objections belng raised 10 the purchase of Ca. tor's palnting of tbe Biguing of tho Proslamation of Kmaucipation, on tha scors thet it was not a valuable work, of art, Mr. iowt ross Lo itadefense, e sald tat 18 washlstoricall) cotroct, bsving been palnted in tho yery plsce where the sot was parformed, and it had all 189 werits of Da Viucl's painting of tbe **Last Sup* per," which neverhad any worit szcepl its acci- 7acy of Jetalls, ‘The infervnce that the lislisd arilst Was present &t the parting feast of Christ sud His Disciples may be clasacd amoug the meut 836 ceastul Hiberuiciams of the dav,