Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 19, 1877, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1877. Thye Tribwe, TERMS OF SUNBSCRIPTION, RY MAIT—IN ADVANCE—POSTAQE TREFATD. ally Fdition, one year... L] arteaf & year. Der mon Funday Fal Lite! Tanbte & Faturday Fdition, 1wtive Tages. TH-Wrekly, one year.... Parteof avear, per pont WEEDKLY EDITION, POSTPAID, One copy, peryea Ciub of four... £recimen copies sent free. Give Post-Uflice sddress In foll fncinding Stateand County, Reniitiances may b made eliher by drafl, express, Fort-Ofieo order, or (n regietered feiters, at our risk. TRRIMS TO CITY BUTBCRIDERS. Dadly, delivered, Bunday excepted, 25 cents per week, Tatly, deifvered, Eunday included, 8 cente per week. Addrers THE TRIBUNE GOMI'ANY, vorner Madieon and Dearborn- Chicago, 111 Orders for thn dellyery of Tie TRi 3oL Fyansion, Englewood, and Hyde Park left In tho counting-room ¥l zecelve oromt sttention, TRIDUNE BRANCIL OFFICES, Tux CRICAO TRIRCNE has extadlished branch oMces for the recetptof subscriotions and sdvertisements as Tollows: NKW YORR—Tnom 20 Tribune Dallding, F.T. Mo- FApDEN, Manager. SAN FIANCISCO, Cal.—Psiace Motel. Crampes 4 Rue de Ia Grange-Datellere, merican Exchsnge, 440 Btzand. Agent, AMUSEMENTS. McVicker’a Theatre. Madiron street, between Etate and Dearborn. **Bidonte.” 1looley’s Theatre. Tandoiph street, belween Clatk _and LaSalle, Engagement of the less English Opers Troupe, ** Viliara' D1agoons.” Hnaverly's Theatre. Mogroe sfrcet, corner of Dearborn. Engagement of D. I1. Iiarkine. **Jack Cade." Afterpoon i!uflnlnl. Colisenm Novelly Theatre. Clark street, opposite Court-House. **Dark Work." Tho Tabernncle. 3 Monroe street, beiween Frankiin and Market, Orest -Show. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1877, = —— ———— CHICAGO MARKET RUMMARY, +'The Chleago prodace markets wero lrrcgalar yeeterday. MNéss pork closcd 10@12%ic per bri higher, at $11.50@211.82% for January and F11.07%@12.00 for February, Lard closed &ic per 100 1bw bigher, at $7.724@%.75 for January and B7.H24@T. 65 for Fobruary, Meats were frmer, nt4}ic for bozed shoulders and 86,00 per 100 Ihe for do ahort ribe, Whisky wns stcady, at $1,00%% @1.00 per gullon. Floue wae dull. Wheat closed 1621%¢ biglier, at 81,07 for December and 81,074 for Jdapuary. Corn closed frmer, at 43¢ cash und 42¢ for January, Oatsclosed %c higher, st 2413¢ carh and 2IN@243ic for Jannary, Kyo was stendy, at Tarley closed {@1e lower, at BSticeash and 38Xc for January, Hogswore dnll and fic bigher, elosing at §3,05@¢4.15 for packing grde. Cattlo wero anlet and caslor, with sales at§1, 1. Sheep wero dull and lower, at £ 0k In storo in this city laet Saturday, 1,208,970 bu wheat, 404,034 bu corn, 164,004 bu onte, 76,040 bu rye, HO0L701 bu Larley, Also flost i the barbor, 50,704 bu wheat, 25i)%530 bu corn, T.405 bu oats.” In store i Milwaukee, 9,120 bu wheat, Duringtho twelve months eud- fmz Oct, 31 thiere was tnapected Into store in this clty: 70,444,700 bu grain, and Inepected out, 63,517,483 bu, Inepected futo _store in this city yeeterday mornlng: 121 cara wheat, b cats corn, 7 cuis wate, T cars rye, and 54 cars bacley. Total (270 card), 105,000 bu, Onu hunilred dollars In gold woald buy 8102275 In greenbacks at the close, ATV Mava ey QGen, Guan is looking for a ** weo drop of the crather” in Vesnvius, Greenbacky at the No chango yesterday closed at 973, Tho great conl-producing corporations of Pennsyl¥anin bave entorod upon auother sumbination Lo restrict production and main. tain prices, A plan was adopted at a moot- ing hield in New York yestordny which pro- rides for the regulation of shipimnents and Hixes penalties for all exconses, JAMEs BALLANTINE, o Beotch writer of eclobrity, died in Edinburg yesterday, aged 37, Ho wos an nothority on the subject of itained glass, having buen appointed by the ltoyal Commissioners on Fine Arts to exe- suto the windows for the Houso of Lords; seusides bomng the author of numerous cssays nd pooms well known In Grent Britaln, It is no new thing for the Prosident and 3cnntor BLAINE to travel in different direc- idons, They aro golng todo it agaln—the lormer to New York, {n company with sov- wnl wembers of the Cabinet, tho party to eavy tonorrow ; and the latter to llat 3prings, Ark., together with ox-Scerofary RomLsoy, Senators Ciarrex and Dom,’m.ul Representative Hane. In the French Bonate yesterday the bills lor voting tho four direct taxes and two- swelths of the budget were passod unani. mounly, and in the Chsmber M. Duravur atroduced o bill for the nbrogation of the aw relative to pross offonses. ‘Llie legisle. ion which was refnsed while MaoManox remnined resistant has wow been granted, eud bLoth Houses have adjourncd for the presont, tho Chumber to reassemble Jan. 8. The Constables of Cook County seem at 1ast to have perceived the necessity of suylng and doing something to convincs tho public that thoy are not all loafers and rufigus, They hnve passod a scrics of resulutions to that cffect, and it rests with themselves to dumoustrato berenfter tho truth of the nsser. tion thut wi o class they are honoruble men sud citicieut ottlcers of the law, and that tho misdoeds of a fow of their number ought not to Lring down condemunation upon the whole, Pennsylvania enjoys the distinction of Laving u law on the subjoct of libel which walkes the publication of a newspaper in that Btatean occupation attended with grave risks, The proprietors of the Wilkeabarre Bunday News have just mado this discoyory, In un nnguarded moment they printed sowme silegations retlvoting upon the integrity of tlie Bheriff of thot couuty, who has moro or lesd to do with the furwation of grand and petit jurics, and tho result was a fine of 700 cach aud imprisonment in juil for ten month, ‘The navel court of {uquiry sppointed to invesligato the Juron disaster locates tho respoteibility priwarily upon Cowmsmander Ryax, presumnebly on account of his having put to ses in disregard of the weather wam- iugs of the Sigual Station; blames Lict. Paruen, navigating officer, for errora in uavigation, aud the deck officers for mot luving sscertained the accursoy of the perpendicular soundings reported to them from tiwe to time. ‘Lhe ship is found to bave bevn in every respect stanch and sea- worthy, Affairs at El Puso were brought to & crisls yesterday by the surrender of the amall haud of Tuzuus who were surrounded by over- whelwing odds of infuriated Greasers, Three of the Americaus, Judge Howanp, who bad a ponspicucus part in fomenting the dif- Bculty, Arxmsoy, and McBmox, wore shiot s soun s captured, and Gov, Hussarp, In iy disputch to the Becretary of War, cx- silver s well a8 gold, presaes the fesr that the rest of tho prisoners will shinro the same fate nnloss quickly ros- cuol. At lnat accounts the Federal troops marching to the sceno were npwards of a hundred miles away, nnd nothing bad been done towanl organizing volunteer partion in "Texas for tho roliof of the captnred mititin. ‘Thero was no ospecial fiurry in Washington yosterday over the nffair, and Gen, Eaco- nevo, interviewed in Now Orloans, was con- fident tht no intornationnl difficulty wonld ensuo. ———————— The butter and cheeso peop-fn— are claiming a share of public attention for the exhibition of dairy products which waa innugurated in thia city yosterday. come, tho roports, the statistics, the discus- slon—all will bo rond with interent ns show- ing how the West fa holding its own in this important branch of farm indastry. Thore is room for improvement, room to teach nine out of ten butter.mnkers how to bring ont s botter articlo and renlize an incrensod profit ou their Inbors, aud, inasmnch ns this is one of the many praisewortly objects of the dairy exposition, it desorves to suocoed. The addresscs of wel- ———r——— Bine the issne of the Circular Note by the Porto, it is cxplained offeinlly that Turkey doca not sk for mediation as a vanquishod Power, since she stlll has two lines of do- fense, bnt that the Note simply oxprossos its willingness to consder the proposnls made by the Constantinoplo Conference,’and that, a8 tho war begnn from Turkey's refusal to adhore to the proposals, it may be terminated on that basis, that, when Turkey refused to adhero to the propositions of the Powors, thoy withdrew aud left ber to settlo with Rtussia. The latter Pover, therefore, fa the only ono competent to make nrrangements for peace B0 lonug as other questions are mnot involved. Russia drow the sword for the indopendenco of the Belavic races, nnd it resta alone with Rnssia to sccuro it, if not penceably, then forcibly, Until Russin oversteps this limit, the other Powers are bound not to interfere. The trouble in the matter ls, 7 The tono of the advices from England this morning is decidedly Dbelligorent. Parlia- ment has becn summoned to assomble on the 17th of January, and will be asked to voto a grant of woney for ** such an increase of the British army ns tho present state of Europo demands.” By the journalshostile to Russia this circnmstauco is nccepted as a notifica. tion to tho world - that Evgland will not re- main n possive Bpectator of peaco negotin- tions in which her interesta are ignored or threatenod, and that she proposcs to bein readiness {0 onforco at the nake when the time for adjustment arrives, 'This 18 substantinlly the view taken by the Morning Post and Standard, both Turk. ophile; whilo the 7%mes, which has through- out donied that British intorests are or are complete triumph of Xussia arraugemont of A wsoparate peace with Turkoy, to the fuss-nnd-feathers policy of tho Cabi- net, ns evidenced heratoforo by the dispatch- ingof o flcet lo Besikn Bay, and suggests that Parlioment may concludo to reliove tho Ministry from nny further snxioty concern. ing the Esstern quostion by refusing any grant for an increnss of tho war establish. went. the point of sword any domands she may likely to Lo imperiled by the and the refers with covert sarcasm WHAT CREDITORS WERE LED T0 EXPECT. ‘Tho pecinl organ in this city of tho East. ern nonoy-lendors fa gracious onough to ad- it that Congross has the right to attach a clnuse to tho Approprintion bill repealing the act by which the silvor dollar was surrepti. tiously domonetized. mado {n the resolutions ndopted by the recont ‘Tabernncle moeting, and is intonded to meot and offsct the veto virtually throatened by the President In his rocent message, T'ines, while admittsug tho Congressional right to do this, takes the ground set forth in tho following pargraph : Thia propomtion was Tho ‘The thing itacif is the vital matter, and to thet attaches the great dishouor. ‘The right rule for tbe interpretation of promises fu correctly stated In the last number of the Nation, to wit: ** That whiat tho promlsor owes 1o what he led or allowed tho promisec to underitand or exvoct.” The thing that the Tahernacle crowd wang Congross tg do, and the thing that Congress sccnia very strongly in. clined to do, 14 tosot astdo this rule, and set up an obsolete law ua the sole rulo of Interpretation. That i the distonorablo thing. The mode In which it Is duno ls 8 mstter of sccondary lmpar- tanco, Wao might nccept the Nation's dictum that * What tho promisor owes Is what he led or allowed the promisee to undorstand or ex- pect,” demonstration that, in auy of tho existing indebtedness in this country, outside of some few special contracts, the debtor led his creditor to bellova that he should bo repaid in an uxclusivo gold currency. usual or uatural for o dobtor to agree to pay woro than ho borrows, except in the way of intorest. Tho privato dubts of the country wero for the mont part coutracted on a monetary basls that Included grocnbacks, silver, and gold, ofter Jan, 1, 1879, thoy must bo paid in gold alone, aud that botween now and then they must be paid in either gold or greenbacks; in the oue caso they drop one monetary agent, and in the other two mouetary agents, which were availablo at the time they loaned their mouey, aud they exact payment in a slngle currenoy which has acquired o valua of from 20to 80 per cont more than the ourrency thoy loaned, by rosson of the exclusion of the But wo challenge s eatisfactory It is not 'Tho creditors claim that, othor currency, It is pree posterous to olaim that the borrowera led or ollowed the londers to bolieva that they should be ropaid at an advance of from 20 to 80 per cent in addilion to the interest. In proposing to pay debts in silver, the debtors will still poy back more than they roceived, Tho sflvor dollar, remonetized, will to-dsy purchasge more than it would at a time when it way worth 103 in gold, and when the greenbacks, advanced by the creditors, were at & discount of from 10 to 20 per cont bLe- low gold. roceive more than the borrowera led or per. witted them to undorstand or expect. The fact is that the creditors will As to the publc debt, the relations of creditor aud debtor are oqually well defined. ‘I'he purchasors of bonds were never led to understand or expect to be pald in gold to tho exclusion of silvor, or in silver to the ex- clusion of gold. Even the refunding bonds sold since 1873—tho only bonds about which there can be any question as to 8 moral obligation to pay in gold: made payablo on their face in the coin of the slaudard value of 1870, which included There waa naver an utterance on the part of Congress which conveyed tho lmpression to the creditor that the Government would pay in the dearer of tho two metals; tho iwpresslon, on the coutrary, must have boen that it would pay in the cheaper of the twolegal-tender metals, whea psywent In coin was pledged, for the resson thnt thisis the custom of all finan- cis} contracts and the disposition of humaa uature, Neither did Cougresa nor the Gov- nre forcos at work thore which scem to bo powerful enough to neutralize all the pledges cnndidates for tho public office than those stamped upon all five of the Connty Com.- missioners who wero eloctod lnst fall. Every ono of thom must have personally felt pledged to the work of roform Dy the broad issus that was made betwoen the Ring and have been seated, and wo boliove oven during the tion consultations which have developed a dispo- gition on the part of cortain mombers to prefar some particular friend or some specinl interest over the public welfare. Once, wo believy, it was finally ogreed to permit Mr, Tanogr, ono of the old Commlssioners who bed bLeen in the habit of voting with the Ring, to dictate the priucipal appointments, but this was abandoned. Thon it wns dis- covered that Mr. Meyen, who had been eloct- ed as n Republican and Neformer, was csucnsing with membors, voted with tho anti-Reform element on the question of postponing the election of coun. ty officers, and tho inferenco is that he was propared to vote with them fn rushing throagh thelr slate. of onoof the old members who lhad been .in the habit of voting with the Ring (Conry) was apparently all that proventod the realization of the progmmme to admin- iator tho county affairs in the future on the samo plan as in tho past. Commissioner Mrren's explanation of his action is alto- gotbor unsatisfactory. Hesoys thatho wasnot olectod by Republican votes, and that conso- quontly he hes a right to cancus with tho Democrats; but he was clected by Republican votes and anti-Ring Democrats, and honce ho has no right to nfillinte with tho old ma- jority in the Board. Ho caunnot hopo to re- fain the respect or counfidenco of the com- munity and proceed in the way Le has started out, over until next Monday. woek for cancusing and bargaining, if tho Commissionors chooso to employ the time in that fnshion. It s to be hoped, however, that all those who ars in favor of an abac- luto and sweeplng roform will refaso to en- ter into any combinations or bargaing which will defont that purpose. If thoreis still to bo a Ring in tho County Board, it Is better that it should bo the old Ring than anew ano, for then the people will know what to expect, future as in reformation is demanded, and if that cannot bo achieved, it is deairable to know just what Commissioners arerespousible for the failure, 'The proper way to prococd will be that sug. gested by BMr. WugerLzs at the lnat meeting, viz.: in tha Committea of the Whols, so that the relative qualifications and disqualifioations of and every mewber of the Doard may then The metive which shounld proporly govern expressed by Mr, OrLEany, who said Le was prepared Lo vote for Republicans aud Demo- crats, but undor no circumstances for apy other than good men, oould be mure ho meant precisoly what he sald, be made {u such a manner as will hald eyery cligues, combiuations, or bargains, deficiencies of sgriculturul products In other parta of tho world,. It did wo doring tho Orimean war, when the supply of Rusilan jute failed ; and agein during the American ‘War, when the oxports of Indian cotton rose at a bound from 200,000,000 to 800,000,000 pounds por sonum, Western Europe now wants wheat, and India has gone into wheat- growing. An article in the last number of the Forlnightly Review gives an intoresting atatoment of the progross of this industry during the last few years. It shows that the imports of Tudlan wheat into Great Dritaln increased from 291,200 bushels In 1872 to ernmont at any time give tho croditora to undorstand that it would drop ono of the standard coins from the monetary system, and thoreby impnrt an abnormal value to the othor for the benefit of the creditors, Whon this was nccomplished, it was done without the knowledge or consent of tho people, who were swindled for the benefit of tho money.lenders. Just now itia the people who are demonding that this swindle be set aside, but the time is approaching when the money-lenders Also will bo sntisfiod that thoy are overreach- ing themsolves, 'The savings-banks failures hava begun anew, thia time in the East os well as the West. There are more to como. Becurition of all kinds are going on shrinking in value, 88 men are compelled to sncrifice therr property, The time is not far distant when the monoy-lenders, having forced their debtors futo bankruptoy, and londed them- solves up with a lot of property which they aro not prepared to monage, will coneludo that they have pat on the screws too vigor- ously, and that thelr apparent advantago hns beon gainod at a ronl loss, They will dis- cover that, In exacting from their debtors moro than the debtors ever led thom to expect, they lave hLeon guilty of an extor. tion of a reactionary character, nnd they will wish they had not done so. The ques- tion to determine now is whethor tho injus- tico and oppression shall ba allowed to reach thia point, or whether it shall be arrosted be- fore the disaster shall bo so overwhalming ss to Include the croditors aa well as the debtors. inces and the Punjaub to wheat. Cawnpore on the Hooghley is the principal wheat mar. ket, It collects tho crops of tha northwost. ern provincos and Bobar and sends them down the river to Calenttn, whenco they aro taken Ly way of tho Suez Canal to England. Tho exportable produce of the central provinces, which is sald to bs capable of in- definite oxpnnsion, is sent to Bombay, and the whent of the Punjanbis floated down tho Indus to Kurrachee. When n thorough system of. raflrond communication ia opened up. Kurrachos will probably be n formid. able rival of Bombsy in commercial importance, The inefciency of the rail. roads, indeed, s the main obstacle to tho devolopment of the wheat troffic. Chenp transportation. fs a8 much a question of tha honr in India as in Jowaor Minne. sols. The differonca fa thnt the Government thero I8 mora setively in sympathy with the agricultural classes thon it ¢ twith us, and the efforis to roduce rates and incrense the Lnik of freighta carried promise to be suc. cessful at an enrly day, It lias been found that (ho aversge price of wheat in tho pro- ducing districts of Indin I8 $27.60 per ton, and In Englnnd‘nbmn 56 per ton. It must, therefore, bo profitable toexport Indian prod- uce 8o long As_the cost of carringe does not double the value of the raw produce, The average corriago and freight combined, with a amall allowance for insurance and other chinrgos, canuot be get down ot loss than $25 perton, Tha averago selling.prica of a ton of Indian wheat in the English markets is 250, The average cost to the importer ts $#52,60. The profit per ton is, therefore, hardly more than 6 per cent. Tha fact that the trade las prospered and grown to - mbnsa proportious on so small a mnrgin of profits is evidence that it rests upon a sound bnsis. The speculative riso in whent has, of conrso, been felt in India, and a part of the profit resnlting from it has boen en- joyed by the producers of that country. But even without this advantage the trade has flourished and will continue to flourish. The fmportanco of Indin ns a competitor of the United States in wheat-growing is cutablished by figures. Cawnporo stands in about tho same relition to Liverpool ns 8t. Paal, and, a8 the means of communioation between tho interior ofyIndin and the sos. ‘board sre imnproved, the wheat of that coun. try will be s much in demand ss our own, But there need bono immediatonpprehension of a foiluro in tho market for American whoat. Although the farmers of India have the advantage of the cheapest labor {n the world, they havo hot carried the cultive- tiou of the soil o the high stato of of- ficlonoy which provails in this country. ‘They have neithor the machinery nor the mothods of American farmors to work with, snd thoy have atill to gain tho exparience which {a the baala of success in wheat-grow- fug s in overy other form of ngricultural outerprise, The @rat effoct of tho Indian supply in Grent Britain, moreover, i8 not to shut out American wheat, but to diminish the production of wheat in England, This remarkable phenomenon is nttended by an- other gtill mova noticeable, namely, an iu- cropse in the onnual consumption of whont in the Dritish Islands, Mr. Jamzs Oarmp, in his resent address to the Saclal Hatence Con- grees ot Abordeon, stated that in 8 period of sixtoen years before 1868 tho avernge rate of consumption of wheat incrensed, each porson having during the firat oight yoars used ‘311 pounds of whoat and during tho tnst eight years 855 pounds, In tho first of thesa peviods, from 1852 to 1800, the consumption per capita of home- grown wheat was 283 pounds, and of foreign THE COUNTY SPOILS. There mnst bo somothing ahout the at. mosphers of the Conuty Building that is pollnting,—or, nt least, that portion of it oc- cupled by the Connty Commissioners. Thore that have been mado and all the influences that ean be brought to bear in behalf of the public intereats. Cortainly no atorner sense of responsibility could be improssed upon the people. Yot over since the now mewbers timo between thoir elec- ond the taking of thoir soats, thers has boon & serics of ecaucuses and tho Democratic Ring 1t s certaln that this Mr, Meves The dissatinfaction theso proportions were changed. The home- ;grown whoat consumed by each person is now 168.pounds, gnd the foroign 183 pounds. Until England and othor European countrica aro outirely driyon out of the markots ag whoat-growers, the United States, Rusaia, and India will bo tha principal compotitors for tho trade of tbo wheat.consuming na- Tho choice of county officers now goes | yiong, There s another TELECRAPHIC PROGRESS, The introduction of the American quadru. plex systom of telography fu England fs made by the London Zimes the occasion of areview of tolegraphic progress in recont yonrs. The articlo of tho 7'imes appropri- atos tho wholo credit of the fuvention of the tolograph for an Englishman, and describes tho Monsx system only ss an jmprovement of Oooxe's and WuzaTeoNe's { + This is, to say the lenat, an fnaccurate statement of the fnots. Practical tolegraphy originated in this country, aud nearly evory improvement in the Instrumont now generally in use was mado or suggested by an American, There i, indecd, no modern {nvention which 1s in its origin and development more purcly Amorican than tho telograph ; and thore s certainly none for which Europe owes this country solarge & debt of gratitude. The T'imes is compelled in tho ond to admit aa much, althongh it makes the contrary as- sumpticn {n tho begiuoing of ita review. It would have beon more handsome and more candid if it had started with the truth and adhered to it througbout. Praotical tolography dates from the year 1837, when Monsx's inetrument waa first ex. hibited in New Yorlg and Waxatsrone's in England. ‘T'he sawme yoar Monsx applied for ncaveat ot our Patent Ofice and WaEAT- sTonk took out s patent in England. The principles of Monsx's system wore all in his first instrument. Mo required only a single wire, and designed by an ingenious combins. tion of dois and dashea o completa alphabet. ‘WazatsTons, on the othor band, employed five or six wirea and five magnetio neodles, Thero can scarcely be any question as to which of these systems was tho more valas- ble. Monsz's instrument has survived to the present day, aod passed into use all over the world. As tho writer in the 7i¥mes well soys: **The Monaz alpha. bet is probably the only language about which tho nations of all tho world are sgreod. Dots and dashes are s well nnder- stood at Tehoran as in New York or Lon- don," The original Wararsrons instrue ment, on the otber hand, has been *‘im- proved” out of existence. The automatio ‘Wixarstonz, which has superseded the old double-wire and ncedle arrangement, is *‘a fast-spoed application of the Mozax system.” It is, in comparison with the original “A B O" telograph of WazatsTons snd Cooxx, anow invention; and the principles which aro ombodied {n it are seen to bettor advan- tage in the first Monsx telegraph than in the first machine used in Eogland, The maln difference between the early in- struments of Mozss and WaxazeToNs wes, that the former worked rapidly and eficient. 1y, and the lsttor did not, The English with their six wires could 1ot do as much as the Americans with one. It is fmmaterial whother the six wires were put in practical operation before the ome or n Mozss began bis experimeuts four ye before Cooxz, and spplied for his patent in the same year. 'This is suficient evidence that his in. and can fight it in tho thoe past, A cloan That the Bosrd conslder nominations the various candidatos can bo fully discussed, vote intelligently on the final appointments, avery individual member-of the Doard was Wo only wish we At all evonts, the appointmonts must member of the Board personally rospondible for his awn action, without any referonce to OQUR NEW WHEAT.COMPETITOR. British India bas soveral timos wade up 0,156,160 bushels in 1876, and to 9,283,139 during the firet nine months of 1877, ‘These figurcs have epecial significance In view of tho fact that whoat-growing is still a now branch of agriculture in India, When the facilitios for gathering the crop and bring. ing it to warkes are imnproved, sy thoy ovent. ually will be, India, which is already the third wheat-exporting country in the world, may successfully compote with the United Statea for the first position. Indis bas tho advantage of every variety of climate and soil. ‘Whatever can be grown in the tropics or the tomperate zones can be produced there, The Presidency of Beogal, containing 200,000 square milea of rich alluvial soil, produces every variety of food- grain, the lower provinces being dovoted to rico o4 a sfople, sud tho northwestern prov- hod sssumed the affirmative of them, which was hardly warrantod by the articles in quos- formation we have at hand, shows that at vided into five claases, the Inflexible, Dread- "naught, Devastation, and Thonderer bolong- wheat 70 pounds, Duxing the sccond period ‘| inch armor, and earry four 87.ton guns, one vention was the result of indopondent re. soarch, Entirely aside from tho gnestion of priority in ides lios the fact that his inatra. mout was praotically so far In advanco of Waearstone's and Cooxx's as to bo a distinet invention; Americans were the firat to maka the telegraph do usefnl work. Nor was the machine itself the only important contribution wnde by Monsx to the nrt of telegraphy, Ifis alphiabet was a sepnrato in- vention. AlL the world now acknowledges its usafulness in the most emphatic manner by employing {t. The soundet is another Ameriesn invention, by means of which meszages aré road by osr as fast ns deliverad, The printer of Huones, which the London Times itsclf cmploys m its daily pporatioas, in still auother Ameorican invention. By its monns tho Times ia able to present its read- era dally with severat columns of foreign news tolographed direot from Parts and .Vieons, and **set up " from the printed slip of papor withont previous transcription or prepnra- tion of any kind. The duplex, by whicli two mensages are sont in opposite dir¥ctions on the same wiro nt the same time, and the quadrnplex, which sonds four messages— two in oach dircction—at the ssme lime, arc alao American inventions, So with the wonderful telephone, the possibllitios of which sre just beginning to be undorstood, ond which may in timae supersedo tho pres- ent telographio apparatus altogether. i The 7'¥mes apsorts, in concluding ita roview, that England Lardly stonds where she did in relation to telograpby. ** The cradlo of the olectrio telograph (?), g0 to spenk, sho haa gradually fallen behind the younger country, which thirty years ngo sont ua the Mogsx in. strument, and in these iater years has sontus the duplex and quadruplex telegraphs.” The writor of the review in question would have saved himself troublo it ho had started with tho truth ¢ that America, not Englaud, wns * tho cradle of the eleotric talegraph.” Then he might have como honestly to the conclu. sion that Eogland does stand to-dsy whore she always lias stood in this important mat- tor,~—a grumbling imitator of Amoriea. . gland Lins glory enough, and to spare. Bhe can only cast suspicion upon that which propotly belongs to her by laying claim to that which has been awarded, by-universal consent, to auother country and nation, Tm—— EUROPEAN NAVIES, Roforring to recent articles in Tox Cntca- o Tamuxe upon the European. navies, n corrospondent writes to inquire whether Gormany {8 poworful onotigh to dominate tho waters of Northorn Europo; whether Russia, in posscssion of the Turkish floct snd in allinnco with Germany, could control the waters of Sotithern Europo; and whoth. or ‘“the naval suporiority of Euglaud hiaa bocome so 1nuch a merv logend of tho pnst that it must necessarily melt away beforo tho combined fleots of Germany and Rus- sin.” QOur correspondent puts theso ques. tions npon the inforouco that Tue Trinune ficet, not becauso England Is navally wenk, Lands, The adventuces of an ardinaey lettee In its travels from the hand that writes it to the hand that recelves [L are often fraugnt with genuine romance. derful scenes It may have paseed, the dangers walls still recall the bloady days of the Com- the Iaguons of Veaice doubtiess had for It no even the knowledgs that it has beea in sush fo- teresting olaces does not oftan produce a mo- attentlon is ‘generally wholly devoted to the viclesitudes of travel, It is not an {nfrequent occurrence for them to miss thelr proper shout from tawn to tosn, over hill ‘and dale, 1ike n Wandering Jew, doomed .to go on and on furever, 4d of April, 1871, a centleman bad sent them a opened aud rifled of its contents while on the way, firm would find 1t inclosed, No further explana- tion was aiven. Department official had only to record the bald notfiicatlon of it having been duly forwarded to itas proper owner; but an imaginative person few materlals. i Those of our fnflationary contcraporaries who aro advocating the **frce nnd unlimited ** colnuge of & sllver dollar, which ls now worlh unlJ 1 cents, making it a full and unlimitod Jegul.tender, —in other words, forcing that tipun the people for o dollar which lacks ntne cents of belug a real Jaz, —cannot forcu the Jowrnai into the false tion whicli, by their plausiblo fol-de.rol, diayoeed to, ~Journal, the daddfes,”” worth by the gold af ard | only 45 cents of what the Journal calls “'the real dollar,” have a purchasiog power of more than U7 per cent of gold, by reasen of belnga legal-tender fora triing amount, 18 1t not the silllcat of nonscuse tosay that a full sitver dol- far ond unlimited legal-tender would ouly be worth 0t cents! Why call the American silver dollar worlh ouly 91 cents when thercis ne such coln In exlistencoat this time? Remone- tize that doliar, making 1t a full Jegal-tender, and It will not be quoted at a discount. UGold “vorner ot gold now; but re-cstabllsh the sliver standard, and that corner will be brokea very quickly, and prices will rosume thelr proper and normal values. Gold Is now abnormaliy dear, and property and wages artiflclally cheap. With unly one preclous-motal standard, thisls just what might bo expected, There s not enough gold to balance the property. If gold had been demonctized, how much would It be worth! ‘Then It would bo down and siiver up, aud the Journal would be babbling *fol-de-rol” ngnlnst making gold an unlimited legal-tender. e —— The flunctrs of Parls found a new and agree- able taple in the visit of Chen, Guant totho French Capital, They wrote him up und wrote bim down. Perhaps the moat amusing story of the many told ahout lim was that which the Gaulols perpelrated. expressed a desire to make Victon Hvao a visit that veteran poet aud politidan retorled: *Has ho not then read what Iwrbto In the unnee terrivie? 1 bave nuthing to retract of what 1 then sald,” Whbat fivoo hod writton was a imost savage poetical ouslaught on URANT, And tho causo of it was that just at the closo ot tion. His lotler, howaever, will ‘enable us to stato tho matter in clearer detail, ‘There s no doabt that England possesses the strongest navy i the world, both in the pnmber and tonnsge of her vessols and welghtof armamont. The Statesman's Year- Book, which is tho only official sourco of in- the closaof 1870 tho fron.clad fldot vocaisted of 58 ships, of which number 47 are officlent. 8 intonded for the defouse of tho colonies, and 8 inofficiont. Thoso iron-clads are di. ing to the first. 'These have from 16 to 24 of them carrying four 8l-ton guns. The armor and guns of the remainder vary until the minimum is renched in the lowest of the Afth class, whicl® have 4}-luch armor and oighteen 6}-ton guns. We make no account of the unarmed vessels, which would prob. ably incronse the number in actual commis. sion to ovor 240, In 1875 tho total navy was 241, Tho same anthonity states that ot the closo of 1876 Germany had 11 iron-clads, which number s now increased to 16, a8 B have been constructed within the post year. The most powerful of these have 10-inch armor and carry eight 22-ton guns and one 18.ton gun, while some of tha others carry four 20-ton guns and twn 21.ton guus, At tho end of March, 1876, the Rusaian navy comprised tweonty-nino iron.clads, the most powerful vessql, tho Poter the Great, carry- ing four 85-ton guns, At the end of 1874 the Turks had twonty fron.clads. The two largest have 12-inch armor, carry & battory on the main deck of twelve 18-ton guns, six 20-pounders on the upper daeck, snd two O- ton guns forward and one aft, The numbor of seamen In the English servico is 61,000 in the German, 7,200; in the Russian, 9,000; in the Turkish, 84,000. The above com. prises the naval statuy of the four Powors & HRLA was riding nt tho head of his victorious legtons Into Puris, there was o rumor that GraNT had sent the Emperor o message of con- prostrated himsclf before victorious Prussis, not to bo so soon forgotien, Just how much truth thers was in the rumor cannot, of course, be known unless Gen. URANT chvoses to open lils lips and glve the true version of the affair. 1t is certain that Huao did write a poetn about him, aud it was in the poet's tnoat stinging and offensive atyle. [t is equally certain that tho ex-President's stay In Parls has been much shorter than was anthvipated. —e— . The St. Louls Jepublican thinks there fss tude of Fogland recalls that, in one of his conversatious st Bt. Helena, NavoLxoN sald that Russla was the Power nost to be apprehended; she had aiways Nad a fonging for Turkey, but bhe bhad stood in her way lu that quarter, (taddet 1o thove days Euglaud was crazy on the subject yoar ago. While Germany, Russin, and | of Frenchagyressions, sud welconied any ally lbat Turkoey havs in the sggregata scven mora | U3 aselstbur tn checklug the grawih of ¥roah vower, woal 10 fear (rom wasat St. Petersburg, snd bt e, und tha permitiod to develop his gth he would scover or later stretchi oue iand Coustsutinopl i the other toward Indla, Euuland courteu Itu [{ ed the vice mnd the woney whici combined with Ruselay enuw 1he Napoieonic Emplre be had iron-olads than Eunglend, the great enperi. v euoniy she ority of the latter consists in the atrongth of bhor vessels and the immense proponderance in the weight of calibre of their armaments, and a further teat of her suporiority isshown by the msjority of wearly 10,000 scamen over the other three Powors. Inapplying thesa figures to the question of superiority of one mation or the other as a naval power, there can be no quostion that on tha open sea England could safely chal- louge the combined navics of the pluer threo. ‘The inforences monght to be drawn in pra¥ious srticles, howevor, did not touch this question, or contemplate such an emer- genoy, which might never ocour, There are two other features of the case more to the polnt. The firat of these Is that Germany, by the groat fucrease of Ller mnaval strength during the past three or four yoars, alded by the natural formstion of her cossts both on the German and Baltio Seas, and by the adaptation of that fleot to coast defense, has completely secured jmununity from danger evon from the English fleet. It will be remembored that during the Franco- German war the French fleet, though vastly outnumbering the German, could make no more impression upon the German coast line then the English did when Nar1za threatened the Hussian cosst. The London ZF'fmes calls attention to this very point in s recent. article, and says : **The poiot in which we may with most advantage take a lesson from these German proceedings is not in the par- ticular class of ships they are building, but in the care they Lave taken to discover what class is roquired for the varied neceasities of thelr const service. Wo cannot feel any con® fidence that & similarly prudent plan bas been pursued among ourselves,” The second feature s that it Ruisia secures possession of the Black Ses and obtaina the Turkish iron. clads in addition to her own, her fiet, while it could not bold its own with the English on the open waters of the Mugnw. could noverthless block up the mouth of the Bos- | fosy gy this big sliver dollar would rise iu value phorus and probably hold Constantinople, | above toat nlt‘lu &old dollar, that sapient con- ond it is undoubtedly tho fear of such an | cern would recolu it 1uto a swslicr and amaller 4, 10 b Martaa M. Woopwsil, wife of the tele- suddenly last Mondsy night at her resldence, No. 85 Harvara street. Her diseaso was utfec: tlon of the heart, Tho deceased was an esthna- ble lady, aud her death {4 mourned by » wide circle of friends, 24 well as Ler atilicted family. The funeral services wilt be beld to-morrow av 11 o’clock in the bullding No, 820 Ogden avenuo —the meeting placs of tha Tabernacls Church Bocliety, which sha was chlely instrumoutal o founding, and for the sucvess of which she la- bored judefatigably almost to the last hour of ticr extstence. rs, W, was born fn Portland, Me., and bas restded fn this city durug the dt- teen ‘years of her Lusbaud’s conuection with Tus TuBUxE, ——— . A fow days ayo the Bupreme Court room of Coluwbia, 8, C., presented the singular specta- cle of alx littlo children, the cldest not haviog reached the sge of 11, all charged with murder, Those chiliren bad been engaged one day about & week previous fu pleking cotton in a feld pear their father's house, when u uegro boy joloed them and began snuoylug them sud Interferiog with their work. Finally they combined In ag attack upon the bully with stoues, sticks, and kuives, and 50 lujurcd him about the head that be subsequently dled of verebro sploal menin- gitis, brought on by bis injurjes. The {ntantile prisuners were allowed to go on ball untll the uext terw of court. - — Wl‘:{ not, while we aresbout it. mako the pro- ud new silver dollar as nearly equal to tie dol- lar of the world's money dard 83 poasibl stead of estabiishing it st & false sud tuinons pi tenso of vajuol ‘That 4s the only question Journal bas 1o lusistipon. Glve us the silver ar, by all mesus; bot dun't curmpel us Lo shut 8 Lo the sanciion of s falsehood, which pro. poss call thay s silves dollar which la valy U1 cents. —Journal. ‘Tbe Journgl would commencs by colning & dollar, whose mere bullion valne, witbout sny legal-tender quality, would be worth ss much 88 the legal-tender gold dollar; and then, as emorgency that has inapired BzacoxsrizrLp with the-idea of purchasing the Turkish but to prevent it from falling into llu-s(ug Vet what reciplent of an epistle pauses Lefore openlng the envelope to reflect npon the dlstance it may bave cume, the wone it tway have eeeapel vn sea ‘and shore! Cone cealed in a mail-box, It may have been carrled past the Wlstorle Tullerles, whose partly-rulued mune; ory confurtably esconsed fu the spactous rooms at 8t Murtins-le-Gpund, Iittle it may have cared that within a stonc’s-thirow loomed up the famons dome of 8t Pawl's. The Vis Sacra might have faled to lnepire It with recol- fecttans of the sptendor of ancleat Rutme, snd glimmer of pomp and sntlque ceremonial, But ment'sjthought in the mind of its readers, whose conteyts. Letters being such great tourists, itis but natural that they should be subject to the destination and get lost; and one might fin- agine, without any excesslve atrain of the rea. soning facultles, an Instance of a letler straylng 1t swas only a few days ago that o St Louts firm received a note from the Post-Office Department at Washington, saying that on the letter containing 82, which letter had been ‘The Department ofticlal stated that the amount hat been recently recovered, and tho No nacrative was voucheafod of the adventures of this epistolary walf during tasix vears of vigabonduges. Of course, the atatement of the fluding of the money, and the might easily weave 4 clever story out of these How muchure two lalf-dollars or four quar- ters, welghing 0 per cent Jess than a * dullar of Over 07 cents, It subsidlary silver colng, worth will quickty come dowa to {ts level. There fsa It stated that when URART the Frauco-Prussian war, when Kalser Wit~ gratulation, or, as the (aulols terms 1, *“ho ond dared to vilily the hombled and defeated Franco in an insulting message which ought specics of poctie vengeanco in the presentattl- to Europesn affairs. It graphic editor of Tum Tripung, died rather dollar. It does not reem to know enough to know that to recoin gho money of a country like ths s the work of years. It {s sald thay £50,000,000 » year of silvor fs the limit of tne capacity of our mints. The Journal's bright Idea seems ta be, that the silver money of the Natlon coukl be changed in welght and recolned about once a week, to maintain an equilibrium with the bulliton market of London. What g wanted, and all that 18 weated, Is the restora. tion of the silver dollar vf tho old weight ang Hueness as an unlimited legal-tender, justasie had been for eighty years, and then cofn it ag fast as the capacity of the mints will allow, ‘The legat-tender quality will Ax the Yaine and hold it steady, e —t— A paragraph 1s_beinz widely copled from g Vienna journal, announclug that In consequenca of his unfavorabls review of the Rusaian sta® Mr. AncuisALp Founzs has been fnvited by the Nussian® Ambassador at London to retury he decoration conferred on hilm by the Caar at VPlevna, This 1s simply absurd. FORDES hag always been free In bis critivising, and bis dle. pateh sfter tho great battle of Plevna contalned exveedingly severo reflections upon the Russian wilitary authorities, Yet not only waas bis dis. paten taken os tue ofilefal report, but he was presented with the very decoration which the unrctiable Vienns paper says be has been roo quested to ref ——— The efforts of the Implacabloa to stif up s war between the President and . certaln Repube lcan Senators ave about as euccessful as ara the efforts of other inisgutded Individuals to lieal the differences supposed to be already ex. isting, ‘The Presldent calinly takes the grouna that he ls nov at war with anybody, not cven with Mr. Conkring; hels stmplydoing his duty, ond he takes it for granted that Senators wil Ao theirs. This attitude {s swkward for thelm- placables, They can do nothing with o Presi- dent who is above peity quarrels. —g—— A City of Mexico jonrnal asserts that, In cnse of aconflict with the United States, Mexlco could fmmedlately march 40,000 men to the front, and this force conld be rapldly nugment- ¢d o 75,000. Besides thesa there could be ralsed o foree of 53,000 wilita, waking o all the ree spectable oumber of 180,000 men. e —— A Yienna correapondent telegraphs that Tur- key’s first pacifle effort may ke regarded us a fallure. Tt may also be regurded as a pleco of un- linited “check.” A request for medfation at this tlme, and upon the terms mentioned, could nat obtain & moment's hearlng in auy European Cabinet uxcept England's. The art ctitics of Now York have been writing & great deal about the * Old Master ¥ recently discovered at New Orleans. The articloof tho Sun ottributes it ta the school of Bologna ou necount of jts exageerated flesbiness—to which we sbiould add—ol the basement type. i Tt takes s woman to say bitter things abouta woman, For instance, Many CLEMMER nsecrts thut Miss Kuiiooo on the platform of n concert roomn ls less modestly dressed than Aiesz fn “ La Mar]olaine," — e ———— PERSONAL, Senator MoOroery, of Kontuoky, 1s master of o cortain kind of flowery shotoric, Tiobert "loombs will probsbly be appointad the Qeorygia Commissloner to tho Parls Exhivition. The manuseript of Edward Everett's enlo. Qy of Rufus Choato ls for sale at the Old South Fair. The New York Mail has boen fnformed that the absurd custom of '*treating" 1 of Irlsh orlgin, The Buaton artist, William M, Hunt, baa bought & studlo which le douols the size of any of the pleture-dealers’ galleries, g Girardin, the French editor, s lodged like n King, ‘Ho owasand lives in onoof the mansions neartho Arc, 1lls drawingz-room- s’ bullc on the' " colossal scalo of Versallios, It would kold m pub- e meuting, The holiday number of the Jnlerior (Pres. byterian organ) has a gorgeous supplement in tint. ed paper, vne page of which is caverod by o flaatrated origlual poem by the managing editor, W.'C. Usay, ] Prof. B, W. Borgess {nforms o reporter of the Qalveston News that he was the mun who pulled down the flag on the New Urleans Custom- House, for which act Gen, Tutler banged Mumford, anjunocest man, Buta **I'rofessor™ who would pormit un10gocent man to bo hanged fur bls ofionse fe too base u persan ta ba believed. . A correspondent of the New York ZVmes explains the mystery of tho Tyldune's recent chaoge of front with reference to Sematur Conk- ling, Juy Gould, since the consolidation of the telegraph compal has made ap hisquarrels with Conkling, and th ter is nuw employed a8 coun- selof lh-.’:ompuy in su Important sult, The French baritone, Faurs, it Is sald, lost caste in Parls by lis long stay in London, and le now reduced to glving concerts in the Provinces, Capoal, the tenor, is ajso falliug. He was recently offerod the leading part in Ambralso Thomas' new opers gf *‘Francoscs da Riminl,* but declined becauso ho could not trast himeolf, The opers has coosequontly bsen Iald aside for tba sccond Hime. e Prevention of Crimo Among Wom. en," 8 paper read by Mrs, Mary Q. Ware before the ** Woman's Education Aseoclatlon, d fret printed i the ANvw Jerusalem Magasine, is now publistied In a amall pamphivt. 1t 1s s very earncat sod fntoresting statement of the moral and physe eal conditions which induce crime, and of the methods which are most likely to prevent it among wowmen. < Ar. Francis P. Knight, an old residentdt Chlas, aud one of the Chinese Camm(ulcrtnw tbe Philadelphis Exhibition, bas collected $10,000 1o support for thres years two Chinese instructors at Harvard College, whoars to teach young men the Chiness Iaugasge, a0 as 1o At them for posi- \oue to China elthur undgz the Oovernment or as business ageuts, Ko will select two Chinese gen- tlemen as teachers, August Predigran, the musical conductor of the Ostes Comic Opera Troupe, dled apddenly 1o the Stamm ouse, Wheeling, W, Va., rdcently, 11e wes ourn {n Strasbury, and was in hia.40ih year. He had besn fu thie country Abeut elghteen yeare, and had held responsible positions In the Kellogy Opera Compsuy and the Almeo Opera- pany. About \wo weeke ago he joined company st New York. The Paris correspondent of the London Ttmes |0 & character, IHis name ls Oppert De Bluwils, aad he la a Servian by birth, He doece not write Boglisb. Ilis lettors are telegraphed to the 7imes In Fronch and tranelsted M the office of tbat paper, Mo lofour feetand & balf in height, and sboat four feat in clrconference. Hia latterd are always tenatwocthy, wad wiittea fo excellent style sua apisit. 'They bave beea usiformly bosille 1o the MacMahon (oveinuiens, sad have been quoted by the French Hevublican presa with high appruvetion. Lo Mr, Oharles Dudley Warner tolls, in an are ke 1o the Atiantic, buw he kilted a beas In the Adtrondacks. fle was xeut out {nto the (orest to plck blackbercles, and **aol frow oy predstocy Iusiinet, Lut 10 eavw appearances,’ heo took & guu. laing delicatelys ** [L adds 1o tho manly 0o with & tin palj, It ba aleo car~ # ow ba et the bear, aleo blackber~ rying; bow be imagined aobsrolc epitapbs, sod **thought 8 octare volume, had it d . aud vold 50,000 coples * while that bear 14 make s delightful tale. Dr, Mercy B. Jackson, one of the pioneers fu the practice of homeopathy i Boston, and 0se the earllest 84 well a8 1ost uoted femsle physls cisos in New England, died Friday st the sge of 75. She bacame intereated In the study of med!- clne whep past middle lifo,and while liviog st Ply- wmouth with her second husband, Capt. Danlsl Juckson, and, ou bis destd, In 1832, she entered upon practice for ber support, and graduatedatibe New Enzland Female Medical Collego in 1862, 8be brooght W the profestloun rare taleat and esrnest- nesg, and rapldly galoed a foremost place AmOUE the folJower’s of Habnemsan's school lo Bostos, where sho reatdod for. the Isat soveateou yearsof ber life. She became Prolossor lu the Doston Ui vasaity of Medigine in 1572, snd continaed lec fnher department upte thethme of her desth. Bbe was 8 strong sdvocate of womsu augrage and otbes movements for Lo clovation 0f Lus muke