Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 13, 1877, Page 4

Tye Tribwne, TERMS OF RURBSCRIPTION. TT MAI—IN ADVANCE—TOSTAGE REPAID, afly Fditlon, one ear, 1 ATUA OT & yOAT. Der month Eopday 'Pditlon: Liters Doubl eet, Enturday Laftion, iw TH-Weekly, one yel Tartaof aveor, per m WEEKLY EDITION, POSTPAID, Onecopy, Cian Pt Epectmen Give Fost- Oftce addrers in fall incinding State and Counnty, Temittances maybe made either by draft, express, Tont-Office order, or in registcred letters, at our risk, TERMS TO CITY SUNSCRINERS. Tally, delivered, kunday excerted, 25 cents per week, Laty, delivered, Eunday Ineluded, 70 cents ber week, Addiers THE TIIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-ste., U Orders for the delfvery of Tig TRincz a2 Evanston, Engleweod, and Iiyde Park left in the counting-reom wiiltecesve vromit attention, AM £ ~ McVieker's Thentre, Msdion eircet, between State aod Dearborn. *Bidonle. Hooley’s Theatrn. Tandolph atreet, Dbetween Clark and TaSalle. Engagement of the 1lless Engilsh Opera Troupe, **Chimes of Normnandy.™ Haverly’s Theatre. Monree sireet, coruer of Dearbora. Madams Renta's Femalo Minatrels. Coliseum Novelty Thentre. Clart: atreet, opposite Court-lous=, _**Too Late," THURSDAY. DECEMDER 13, 1877, CHICAGO MARKET BUMMARY, The Chicago produce markets wero genorally leas active yesterday, and steadler oxcept in hoyy. Meea pork closeduuchanged, at$11.75G11.80 for new, #pot, and SILUORLLO2G for Jannary, Lard cloked o shade fiemer, at 87.76@7.770; for December and 87.K077.82!4 for January, Meals were caater, at 43;c for hoxed shoulders and de for doshort riba. Whieky wasize hipher, at 81,0514 per pallon. Flour was dull, Wheat closed 1c low- er, nt 81,07 for Deccinber and $1,074@1,07% for January. Corn closed steady, at 42%c eash and 41%c for January, Oate closed casler, &t 205c cash orreller Jannary, Ryo wostame, atiGce. Darley closed quict, at 003c¢ cash and Glijc for Januory. Thogs wero quivt ana 10@13c lower, clostng stesdy. 0t §. 754,05, Cattlo were stendy, with anlen at BL75@5.560. Sheep were qulet, at $5.0034,25, Inspected into atore fnthis city yesterday morning: 116 cara wheat, (0 cars corn, {0 cars oats, 10 cars rye, and 27 care hariey. ‘Total (258 cars), 104,000 bu. One handred aollars In gold woald buy $103.1214 In greenbacks at the close, e e Groonbncks at the New York Stock Ex. change yesterday closed at 07, eroay cloved.oblny The Tarkisk Grand Counoil s reported to have resolved to earry on tha war to the last oxtremity. Judging from tho prosent sspect of matters, it will not take a very hard day's march to reach that point. A The Convention of the recently-crected Profestant Episcopal Dlocese of Quincy yestorday clected as Bishop by a unanimous vote the Rev. 8. L. Hannis, at presont Rector of 8t. James' Church, Chicago, — The roceipts of live hogs at Chicago Quriug tho poat two days were 122,500 head, ond for tho first threo days of this woek, 161,000,—~worth on the foot more than amill~ fon ond n half of dollars. If wo don't take care, people will get to ealling Chicogo Pork- opolis—Cincinnati having long since resigned the name, ——— Tho Czar will . Petersburg Batirday, and will doubtless ba welcomed homo by his people with claborate demon. atrations of joy and gratification. Ho por- formod a graceful and magnanimons aot yes- terday In paying o visit to Osuay Pasha, and rostoring him Lis sword in recoguition of his bravery. p Gen. Suenmax waa beforo tho Houso Mili. tary Committeo to testify regarding the con- ditlou of affairs nlong the Rio Grande, He gove it s his opinion that thera {s no dangor of nwar with Mexico, and that tho troopu already stationed on tho border, togethor, with thoso to ba sent there, will bo sufllcient to presorvo order. Army officers gonerally oconcnr in this opinion, and tho only peoplo who approhend n war oro those Interested in bringing it about. S ——— Tho call for tha silver muus-meoting, which occupies 5o large a space in onr colnmnns to- day, needs no additionn! mention to ronder it conspleuons. Tt iu a romarkablo evidence of tho fuct that Ohizago is practieally solid for tho restaration of the sliver dollaf to its Place in the coinage and currency of thoe na. tiou—an indication of what the vote in this community would be if the guestion were #ubmitted for decision through the ballot- box. Tho names presented nro but a frac- tion of thy number that could have boon secured if tho effort Lad been prolonged, but they aro suflicient to demonstrate tho sontiment of the mercantile, manufacturing, professional, and business people generally of Chieago. The meeting at tho Tabernaclo to-night will bo worth attending on account of the speechos, which, being limited to ton minutes ench, will embody the views of o large uumber of our soundest and ableat wen, The victory of the Republican and Oitizons’ munrlcipal ticket over the stralght Democratic ticket in Boston on ‘Tucsday was one of the haudsoment triumphs of the year, For sov. oral years post Boston has been drifting deeper and deoper under Domocratic control in proportion as the foreign elemont, chiefy Iriub, increased in numbens and grasping am. bition, with the usual concomitants of ex. travaganco, increaso of debt, high taxes, rings, and corruption, Last fall, at the Presidential eloction, the vote was as fol. lows: For Tilden (Dom,) For Hayus (Rep.) .. Democratic m8jority..esinesees ...---.: 3,248 At the clection on Tuesday the vote was &4 follows : Biratuht Democratic ticket.., Republican aud iteform.., IO e e A 4 ‘I'his eloction and the lato one in Chicago and in soveral other largo citles show that the Dewocrats will have to turn ovor a now leaf, and quit stealing when in office if thoy really desire and expect to rotain power in the large wunicipal administrations, But can the Ethiopian change bis skin or the leopard its spots? 022,032 23, 083 2,151 —— 1f tho eolid Bouth is really more anxions for the immediate construction of a trans-conti. nental railway than for the distribution of the enormous subaidy-grab which Col, Tou 8corr bas undertaken to engineer, it can now dem- onstrate that faot by earnestly supporting the bill introduced yesterday in the House in be- half of the Bouthern Pacific Railrosd Compa- ny. ‘Ihe bill provides that the latter, upon condition that it constructs its road vast- ward to El Paso, Tox., shall be entitled to the land-grauts, rights, and privileges origi- nally cedod to the Texas Pacific Railroad Cowpany, but forfeited by that Company in consequenoe of its failure to build its road in THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY. DECEMBER 13, 1877. accordancs with the act of Congress nnder which the lands, rights, ete., were granted. No subsidy in the form of n gonranteo of bonds or in any other form is naked by the Bonthern Pacific, which is amply able to build the road out of its own resources, and build it economicnlly and expeditiously. Al- though the Pacific Railronds Committee in the Honso has boen finally organized in the interest of the Texas Pacifie snbsidy schemo by the election ns Chairman of Trnocxuor- ToN, who is understood to be nothing moro nor less than the attornoy of that corpora- tion, it is difficult to sce how the Committeo can recommend or the Iouse approve the Toxt BeotT project in tho face of the propo. sition of the Southern Pacifioc Company, — Bat undor the act of 1869 and in all snbsoquont ncta authorizing tho isme of bonds, they were made payable in coin; the coin of the atandard value included tho silver dollar as well as tho gold dollar up to 1874, Even the rofunding bonds are payable on their faco in coin of the standard value of JTuly 14, 1870, which waa silyer and gold. Thoreisnolegal obligationon the Government to pny the bonda in gold alone; there is no moral or constrnetive wrong in paying in silver, worth aftor romonctization 97 conts in gold, bonds which wers sold originally for a considoration running from 50 to 70 cents sition that dobta contracted in a paper cur- rency at a dirconnt of from 12 to 20 contsbe. low silver shall be paid in a coin (gold) which has acquired A rolative purchasing power of about 10 cents moro than silver. {s what the money-londers nre fighting for. 1t is not an effort on their part to protect themselves ngainst being swindled; it is an gg casivo movement to swindle their dabt. Lt by coereing tho latter to pay from 20 to 80 per cent more than they recsived, contracted prior to 1874 were payable under the law in greenbncks, gold, ot silver, at tho option of the debtor, and the least valuable of the threo waa ndvanced to tho debtor, but tho money-lenders now insist that these dobta shall be repaid in gold nlone. This is a literally trno statement of tho ense, and tho only possible conatruction that can bo put npon it is the intentionof the monoy- londors to swindle their debtors if thoy can possibly do so, THE COMING TARIFF. Wao seo it stated that the Committeo on ‘Ways and Menns of the Houso of Repro- sentatives has decided to hear no one of the® many delegations or committces who desire ‘to bo heard on the subject of their speeinl intercat or manufacture which they want protected by tho tarif. The Committee The present tnrifl is n thing of slreds and patches, It was made up of special provisions for special interests and for the Jbenefit of special individuals. Every man who hnd a machine for mnking tags for shoe.strings or had a now shape for hoop-skirts wont down to Washington and nppeared before the Commiitees of both Houses and was *! protected.” The next year ho went down again and had his protection incropsed. 8o with the whole range of arti- clos ombraced in tho tariff, from dried blood The Committece of Wnys was open to overybody, * protected,” and, In the Vaspraniur will case at Now York City yestendny tho Surrogate, after a very patient hearing of everything defamatory aud prejudicial to the charnctor of the dead Commodora which the spita of the contest- anta aud the garrulity of their witnesses could furniali, wiped out about all there hns 80 far been of tho case of the practically-die- iuheritod members of the family. decislon followed immediately nfter o henvy oratorical effort of Judgo Bracx, counsel for the oppotfents of the will, in which he averred that Commodore VaxpEnbinT was incapable of making a tenable will, becauso his **bump of mcquisitivoness was in n chironic state of inflammation,” and because ** morally and religiously his mind was nhowl- ing wildorness," Although those two sky- rockets of speech brought down the house, THE POSSIBILITIES OF PEACE. The London T'imes of Nov. 27 containan very romarkable article, remarkable for its concessions, which nssumes the fnll of Plevnn and then forocasts the probable torms of pence that may bo made betweon Ruesin and Turkoy. At the very outset tho Times ns- sumes that all conquerors by Invariable rule nnd prescriptive right gain what they can, “hold the ground thoy stand on or have within their grasp, get what compensation they can for their sacrifices, and gonerally improve to the utmost their position in the world.” From this geuernl ground it is ap- parent that the English do not believe that Russia ia going to adopt any sentimental policy in making a peace, or pay much atten. tion to the long conferences, with their ap- peals, promiscs, and propositions, that pre- ceded the war, but will go ahend as far as sho can in oxacting gnarantees and securing indemnity without treading tos closely upon tho toes of her neighbors. The interosts of the other Powers aud, to a vertain oxtent, their envies and jealousies will have to be consulted, but it is alrendy apparont that she will waste no sympathy or suntiment upon linvo nctod wisely. lncky Wrnriase with nnd gnoosin'" oxpression, deter tho mngistrate from tho decision that the clairvoyant-belief tostimony las been of no valuo, nud that tho allegations of diseatisfnction expressed by the Commodoro at having listoned (o the advice of Witrrax and Dr. Linarex have reforred to a period too remote to militato against the will as it stands, It is becoming ovident that the moncy and attention Lestowed on this docn- ment by tho extrnordinary money-gettor ‘himsclf ara not to havo been thrown away. —— overybody 4ot protection, some other person protested, and, to make things ensy, the protesting in- dividual wns oppensed by baving his own protection increased. ‘In this way the tariff hns been patched yonr after yenr, at tho solicitation of private interests, and to pro- mate private gainy, and the Committoo on ‘Ways and Means have wisely notified all titese porsons that tho now tarifl is not to bo o thing of personal bountics, but an actof general legialation, Tho ond eought, and the only legitimate end to be sought, by the lovy of dutics on imports is to raiso revenue for the support of the Government. It is ono of tho higheat aots of legislation, and should be serupulous- ly devoted to the solo purpose of producing the groatest amount of rovenue from tho least possible taxation. Every tax which has for its purposo any other end than revenue should Lo discarded, and all taxation for othor purposes than rovenue is dishonost and illegitimnte. Tho great difficulty at this timo in arranging n tariff is to get out of the system of spocial bounties which has pre- Our prosont tariff is a lit- In considering what material gains may aceruo to Russia s the ontcome of the war, tha. 7mes does not take Asin Minor into nc- connt, probnbly becauso England has only o veory remoto interest in it. seizo the whole of Armonia nud incorporate it in hor Empiro, thero could hardly bo any protest, as it is a region already too far gone to waste to be of any consequsnce. nection with Persin and its Black Sen const nlone possess any value, even for Russia. Locking at Europenn acquisitions, however, it concedes the point that Rusiin will ndd tho Turkish populationa to thosa nlready on her hands, although it is troublod to know what she will do with them, since thta Turks are n people “‘who must Lo masters, who cannot Lo servants, who must conquor or submit to conquest, whose domestic und socinl hab. ita nro irroconcilablo with tho laws of civil. izod nations,” This of itaolf is a romarkable concassion to como from tho London 7'mes, but not any more so than the following : *The Balgarians are much the same that thoy werea thousand yonrs ngo. Tho crime of tho Turk is that Lo haa made them no better, but remained tho samo himself and hopt others tha sama about him.” Bulgarians aud othor Belavie peoplos are concerned, Russia would have no difficulty in nasimilating or at lesst accepting them as very willing protoges. 8ho could ensily take them, with all their differonces, and thoy wonld gladly como under Russian rule in preforonca to that of the Turk. Sho would probably find much less difficulty than En. glond herself had with her Mohammedans 8o far as the Turks aro con. cerned, if they will not become subjeots, thero is a very simplo plan for dealing with them, and that s expatriation, drive them into the Bosphorus, or at the lenst over it, would bo a completo sottlement of the wholo question, and wonld bo a last- ing guarantee of peace in Eastorn'Europe,— a guarantee that cannot exist so long as an Asintio raco remains there, brutal in dispa- sition, unprogressive 1n civilization, and hat- ing n religion not simply intolerant, but absolutoly and unalterably hoatile to Chrig- The Senate yo 42to 25 toconfirm the nominations of Messrs, Rooseveer and Prixce as Collector and Naval Ofticer of tho port of New York, No issue was ralsed tonching the charncter or compe- tency of either of these nppointces; that thoy wore gentlomen of integrity and abun. dantly qualitied to discharge the duties of tho offices, no one disputed ; the actual and only issue was tho right of the President to mako appointments without tho fnterfersnce wor dictation of members of the Senate, this contost for the preservation of the old machina system of controlling Foderal pat. ronage Mr, CoNrriNG haa led his host to vic. tory. Inaddition to the Republican Sonn~ tors hiostilo to tho Civil-Service reform policy of the Administration, nnd who alone would not have boen able to defeatthe nominations, fivo Democrats, Messrs, Davis, of Illinois, Eaton, Dzxnis, Wurre, and Mazrey, voted with Mr. Covgtano; whilo Messrs, DBonx- stoE, Coristrancy, Conover, Dawes, Hoan, and MatTnews joined the remainder of the Democrats in the endenvor to uphold the Tho ablest and most earnost spoechos on this side of the question woro made by Democrats, Benators Baranp and Gonvox maintaining that the purity and efficioncy of tho Civil Servico required that tho Benate should recogmze tho right of re. moval and appointmont by the President in any case where in his judgment the public interest would be served thereby, THE MONEY.LENDER'S SWINDLE The bill for tho romonetization of the afl- ‘ver dollar is characterized by its opponents as an attempt to pay debts with 00 conts on The nccusation is false, and known to be 8o by those who make it. i n coso of the thiof erying ** stop thiet,” It ia tho shiark-liko disposition of tho money- lender to tako 110 couts for a loan that was seant 90 conts which induces him toopposs the restoration of the silver dollar, and ho brings tho charge of awindling in order that Lis own swindlo may be concoaled. tled witx gotting the money he ndvanced and tho intorest thoreon; Mo is not eatisflod with gotting o money which Is worth cousiderably 1moro than tho money e advanced; le in. sists upon being paid in an exclusive kind of money which has attainod an sbuormal value by the demonotization of all other kinds of monoy, and which is wortl nbout 20 per cent more than the monoy ho loancd. debtors of this country really sought to pay thelr creditors 10 per cont loss than they borrowad, wo would admit it to bo repre- honsiblo and wrong ; when the orcditors of the counutry seck to exact from tho debtors 20 per cont moro than thoy loancd, is it not equally wrong and reprehensiblo ? It the money in active circulation in this country had boen silver at the time when tho bulk of the present debts were con- tractod, uo one would charge that it was un- fnir to pay thoso debts in the silver that had ‘baen actually recoived. Dut tho fact is that tho money nctually received by the presont dobtors was worth from 15 to 25 per ceut lesa than silver,—it boing tho legal-tender notes, ‘At the time these notes were ad- vanced, they wero worth from 80 to 85 por oent, and silver was worth 103 cents in gold, But sllver has 7ot dopreciated, In spite of the German and American demonetization, Benator MarTnews assorted (and challenged sucgessful refutation for his assertion) that the silver dollar to-day will buy 1ore than it would in 1870, or 1871, or 1872, whon it was worth a promium in gold. This is true, is the gold which bas baeen approciated by artificial means ; o gort of *corner” has boen got up on gold, and, as it hes risen in valus by reason thoreof, it has carriod groenbacks along with it, Had not silver been shut off from its function as money, it would hava shared inthegeneral appreciation of money ; a8 it 18, oven while divested of its monotary oharacter, silver lias approciuted while other commoditios have depreciated, 50 that, ns Benator Matruewe says, the owner of sufficient silver bullion to make a dollar of tho staudard valuo can now ox. chango it for moro value than Lo could get for the silver dollar itself four or five ycars ogo, It o dollar in silver to-day will pur- chase moro than it did when it was worth a premium in gold, thea it will certainly pur. chase more than o' greenback would at & time when the grecuback was at a discount of from 12 to 20 per cent, If, then, the law now authorizes the dsblor to pay in silver o debt which was contracted in greenbacks at a discount, tho ercditor will receive more than ho advanced. 1t is ovident that the payment of debts ina coin that hos o lorger purchasing velue than it had when the debts were contracted is geuerous touder to croditors who advauced paper money which had a purchasing value of from 12 to 20 cents less. There is no un- fair trentment of creditors involved in the proposition 4o remonctize the silver dollar, Bat there is a palpable swindle in the propo- It Russia should vailod mnco 1861, erary 08 well as financial curiosity. geuuity with which the Tariff law s tortured into speclal provisions, eo as to afford special protection to private intercsts, is remarkable, Morely patching this kind of a law will be of The wholo law should be "Faxea should bo lavied for rav- enue, and not for protection, Specifie dutics should, wherover practicable, take the place of od valorem duties, and all duplicate or compound dutios should bo ropealed. Wher- ovor dutics can be imposed at so much per pound, or yard, or hundred, without doing injustico and making the duty opprossivo on cortain gradoes, such duties will greatly sim. plify thoe collection of the rovenue. Tho great thing the Committes will havo to do ia to change the system of duties, and s0 faras possiblo arrangoe them na in the tariff of 1840 by classes, with a distinot rato of dutyfor cach olnsg,s This-will be espe- cially unpopular with tho Protectionists and the protected classes. transfer to the froo list a large list of articles now taxoed, not for revenuo, but to enablo somo domastic shop to advance the price of itagoods. Thoro are certaln articlos which may always be rolied upon to produce the bulk of rovenue needed. The whole rovenuo of tho Government from duties 1n the fiscal yenr of 1870 was $145,178,602, sum nearly one-half was collected from less than & dozen articles, By including a tax on tea and coffee with tho other . dutfes, taking tho importations of 1870, tho recelpts’ of rovenue would have been : no practical uso, It will necessarily o is not- matis. There §s but one part of,the article in question in which the traditiona! English Jjealousy cropa out, aud that is with reference to the possibility of the Black Bea passing into Russian hands, and with it the Danube, both becoming Russian property. With the prospect of such an sacquisition na this the Times ia by no means satlsfied, and, indoed, doos not supposo it to be pousible that * tho Black Sca will bocome a Russian lake in onr time,” Tho world in genoral, however, would not regard such a rosult as a calamity, On the other hand, it wonld concede the sbsolato justice of the demand of Russia for afreo and unrestricted outlet to the Moditer. ranean. Lookingat it from nnother point of viow, the possession of tho Black Ken s now in tho hauds of Russia and Turkey. If Tussia has any right at all to demand terr. torisl indemnity from Turkoey, sho cer. tainly bas the right to domand her proprie- tary iotorest in the Black Boa with. out rogard to tho question how far it may Russlanize it or the Danube. TPerhaps the most significant feature of the entire discus- slon by the Z'imes is the unmistakablo sug. gestion that England haa completely aban. doned Turkey to her fate, and will not juter- pose in her behalf, whatever tcrma may bo domanded, unless Russla should compel her to do eo indirectly by compromising the Eastern question; syd this euggestion is more than confirmed by the latest roports feom Turkey, which show that tho Turks lay the responsibllity of their ruin upon En- glaud to such an extent that, in inaking a peace, they will be as much influonced by the desire to epito England as to preserve their own interests, Tolal sosares eonsesence oo o Horo are seven articles which alons, tak. ing the importations of last year as a guide, will produce one-half as much revenuo as waos produced from the whole tariff list in 1876. The dutles on those might bo read. justed o as to make them moro productive, ospecially in tho watter of the cheaper forelgn wines. To this list might be added a reduced scalo of duties on silks, wools and woolens, including carpets, on glass and chinn ware, on cottons of all kinds, linens, iron and stoel, and other metal goods, which would rellove the couutry of soveral hun. dred millions of dollans' tax annually, ond et tho same time increass the rov- Tho country needs some relief from the searching exactions of the tariff during the last eizteon years, and this reliof can best bo securod, not by amending the present act of specinl taxos, but by ropealing tho en- tire brood of specialties and protoctions, and enacting a uew law levying taxes for rovenue. When the purposo i to levy taxes only to produce rovenuo, it is wonderful Low short the law can bo mado and how fow the things necded to be taxed. A tariff for rovenue can tax those articles uot produced in this comatry, lke tea and coffou, or only partially produced hers, as sugar and sirupy, and by taxing these bo able to leave untaxod nearly every article of raw matorial needed by our manufacturers, thoreby placing them'on an equality with tho foroign manufacturers, and enabling them to produce and sell their goods at priccs admitling exportation. The pros. perity of American manufactures depends upon thelr production at & cost which will admit of their being sold in other countries and exchanged for the products of other ‘The reform of the tariff can re- move tho tax on every articlo of raw mate. rind used by manufacturers in this country ; it can also reduce the tax on manufactured goods; it can relieve manufacturers and con- wumors, can give incrvased revenues, and tlis with the great reduction of indirect tax: neas is in 6 and 5 per ceny bonds; there aro $729,000,000 of the former and $708,000,000 of the lutter, outstanding, or £1,437,000,000 inall. The great bulk of these Londs were bought from the Government at prices rang- iug from 50 to 70 conts in gold. When bonds were sold in this country, greenbacks were reooived for them at the current value of the greenbacky at the timo, and the Government received only 60 cents in gold if groenbacks were worth only that much, Londs were sold sbroad for gold, they were sold at o discount, Jusking the payment to tho Governmont about equivalent to, if not less than, an exchange of bouds for groen- backs. Large quantitics of bonds sent abroad were actually bought for greenbacks, and sont abroad by American merchants at thoir gresuback value in payment of exchange, Prior to the not of 1869 thers was no Gove erawent plodgo to pay these bonds in coiun. Under the torms of the act suthorizing their issuo the intorest alons was expressly made payable in coin and the principal in *‘lawfal money,"” which included the lsgal-tender The claim that the Government will not e able to sell silver bonds after tho remone- tization of silver for as low a rate of inter. est a8 gold bonds is obviously absurd If men who have gold prefer to bave it earn them 4 per cent in Governments rather than lot it Lie idle or take greater risks in more profitable investments, they will be guided by the samo dusire after the romonetization of silver as now. Thoy will not take their gold and pay it in par for bouds it goldis at n preminm, but they will convert their gold into silver, avail themselves of the premium, and Invest tho silver thus obtained in bonds at the same rate of interest, If siiver wero worth only 50 conts ‘ in gold, then, after convorting their gold into silver, they could buy twico ns many silvor bonds as they could gold bonds, and they would roceive (wico as much interest as they wonld have received in gold. The proportion will always remain the same, and tho' interest will be in tho same propor- tion. When Governmont bonds wero for- merly offored in oxchange, the man who had gold and desired to purchass bonda first converted his gold into greenbacka and paid greonbacks for the bonds. Bo, after tho romonelization and s long ns silver shall romain chenpor than gold, tho holder of gold who desires to invest in bonds will oxchange his gold for ailver, renlizing the promiam, and then invest the silver .in bonds, It is ridlculous to arguo that men will not loan silvor at aa low a rate ns they will loan gold, so that if 4 per cent bonds can bo sold on a gold basis, they ean liko- wise bo sold on a silver bnais, THE MISSISSIPPI LEVEES, Tho Bt. Louis Republican, in reply to the argument of Tur Cnioaco Trinuxne that the construction of 1,270 miles of lovee by the Governmont, stretching, on both sides of the river, from Cape Girardean to Now Orlenns, for the bonofit of pri~ vate property is unconstitutional, does not meot the issme at all. On tho other hand, it trents constitutionnl objections ns o sham, ud offset the illegality of tho'scheme by reference to the proposcd nction of Ifol. Iand with rogard to the draining of tho Zny- dor Zeo, nnd by glowing panegyrics upon the siza of the Misslssippl, tho vnst oxtent of land to be reclaimed, and the wonderful for- tility of the river bottom. As tho Republican theroforo makes no protense of mnswering tho constitutional objection, and does not care to mako the discrimination betwaon an appropriation for the improvement of navi- gation, which is for the general good, and an appropriation for the protection of privato property, which ia for private good, we will waive the question of constitutionality and treat the subject from another standpoint. 1f tho National Govornment is to be ealled upon fo construct this 1,270.milo wall of loveen, wo would like to have tho question sattled who will havo tho roclaimed land. If the QGovernmnent spends 13100,000,000 for embankments to provent tho overflow of 18,000,000 acres, who is to lave the ro- claimed territory aftor the job is finished ? Doos the Republican propose that the Gov- ernment shall condemn 18,000,000 neros of land, subject to overflow at tha prosent val. uation, and, after reclaiming it by n systemn of dykes and lovees, like those in Holland, take tho land and farm it out, covering tho rents into the Treasury? Does it pro- pose that the Government shall go into the cnltivation of cotton, sugar, and rico in this roclaimed valloy ? .Or docs it proposo that the Government shall fix a minimam prico upou the lnnd, and sell it 8o as to got back tho hundred milliona it hes exponded ? If not, wo would ask the Republican why not ? We would like “to have that paper show us why tho Government should not pursue such a course. Why slould the Governmont be called upon to spend $100,~ 000,000 upon theso lands, which aro now worth only a trifle, for tho bonefit of the presont owners? Leaving constitutionality out of consideration, why should the people of all the Btates bo taxed for the benofit of privato florsons in portionsof four States? Tho Republican saya there is a differenco betwoen o country creok and a river that touches roy- onteon States and has 20,000 miles of naviga- blo wators. Granted. It soys thero Is a differcnca botween an improvement which could protect a few hundroed ora fow thou- sand acres from ovorflow, and one which will rodeem from worthlessnosa 18,000,000 ncros, Granted ; but to whowm will the land go? It says this land when redecmed conld’'bo sold for at least $600,000,000 and the annual products would not fall below $400,000,000, Grant this improbablo assertion also; but where would the products go? If to the Government, justice would be satisfled ; it to private individusls, then wo shonld bave tho wildest dreams of the Communists realized, andby every obligation of fairness tho Government wounld be com- pellad to reclaim waste and marsh Jands all ovor the country, for the boneflt of the pri. vata ownors. ‘The Republican further sacks to dofend tho lovoe sobomo by roference to Holland, and says: *The people of Holland have quite 83 many and as good ‘constitutional rights * a8 wo have, and guard them far moro jealounsly, Yot they Leartily approved the sction of their Parliament in voting $80,. 000,000 for drainlng 478,000 acres of the Zuyder Zoe, as they had heartily approved umaller appropriations for similar objoots be. fore. Can we not afford to follow the safe example of tho Duatch?" No, and for this reason: Molland is a small, autono- mous Btato, about the size of Now Jersey, ond governed by a monarch, The Govern. ment proposes to cut off tho Zuydor Zee from the ocean, pump it out, and reclaim the land which was at one time dry and fertile, Bat if this gigantio work is ever finished, the land will belong to Government., It will be divided up into farms and sold out to the peoplo a8 & public speculation, If the United Btatos, like Egypt, for instance, were a singlo Btate, penetrated by tho Miaxisaippl a3 the Nile penetrates the former; if it were included in a singlo narrow strip of country on eithor mde of the Missisaippi, reaching from Cape Girardeau to New Orleans, under one Government, with no federal Govern- ment or dual, 8tate, jurlsdiction, the Govern- ment orthe people might make any rules they pleased, as they wonld be for thelr common benefit. ‘These conditions, however, are horo wanting. The United Btates is not a single, sutonomous Btate, but a federation, with Natlonal and BState Governments, and the proposed Improvement would not be for the common benefit, but for the beneflt of a fow at tho expense of the many, The Republican and numerous other Soath- ern papers continually harp upon the asser- tion that at least five million bales of cotton way be grown upon this reclaimed land, without taking account of the other fact that the additional increass, thrown upon a mar- ket not able nmow to consume what is raised, can only be to knock down pricas to threo or four conts per pound. Is it any less unjust that the people of all the Btates shall be taxed for the benefit ofa few along the Missisaippi River bottom than that sll the present cotton-fields of the South shall be taxed in favor of these bot- tom lands and in order to destroy them- selves? Bo far as the constitutional aspocts of the question are concerned, the Republican makes no reply. We would like to hesr from it then on the equitable sspects, and just how far it thinks tho General Govern. ment is anthorized in adopting the Com- muuistic policy of sponding its money for private improvements, untfl 1873, No man was wise onough in 1873 1o know that silver dollars wonld nlways be morg valuable than gold dollars, and no debtor {nbls senses would voluntarily surrendor his right tq pay debta In the less valuable of tha two, To demonetizo cither metal was to the advantagy of the creditor at the expense of the debtor, — e — **I have scen the clephant,” sententlously ro- marked n celebrated traveler, *and he has a very lrge tail.” The epigram has since passed Into a proveru, and {s applied to a varicty of personal experlences of an unpleasant nature. Hetting nside the zaological fact that the tall of the clephant {8 not large, but on the contrary Is dlsproportionately meagre, the oxpresaion i not without sume force and meaning. But, 8o far a8 we aro aware, no sclentist, with tho ex- ception of Mr, DAnwix, has hitherto openly mentfoned n tail as belng nmong the present or past nccomplishments of Man, Even the most violent of unbellevers have hesltated to accept as ascicntiflc conclusion the Uarwinlan theory | which s s0 ignominious a reflection upon the : ancestry of the human race, DBut the tide of {nvestization Is [forever sweep- i ngonward and making mince-meat of old tra- ditiune, and already revelations have been made which tend to harrow the feelings and cost a dreadful suspicion upon our primeval fore. fathers, Recently there was discovered fn Col- orado the petrificd body of a human being,—at least such it s claimed to be,—and tha curiosity 13 now exciting the scientific fraternity of New York. Beores of professors, hundreds of doe- tors, ‘aud reziments of reporters are daily thronging the Aquarium where the petrlfaction is belng exhibited, and tho most nstonlshiugiy- learned opinions are being enunciated. While deploring the extreme bad tsste of the man- agers in thus exposing a dead Lody to the rude sazo of the public, we cannot withhold our ad- miration of the anatomical erudition displ, ed by the eminent sclentists in attendam Bomo of thelr minor theories arc wild, ft 1s true, but they all unito In declaring that the phalanges of tho metacarpal bones ars malleo- Iar than tho patella of the os coceyx, and in this we agree with them cordially. There 18 one feature of this wonderful petrifaction, how- ever, which perplexes tho medicnl Investigators; the vertobra Is extended several inches, display- a well<lefined tall gbout an inch in dlameter and with a confeal termination. In order to find out cxactly the ingredicnts of this append- age, the doctors bored a hole In his head bolow the left car, and ‘wero curaptured to find o laser of oxydized cube crystals, This beautiful opcratlon was porformed last Baturday, ond further experiments are to bo tried to-day. Our readers will bokept posted as to the results, Meanwhile thero is no oceaston for peonle to losa faith {n humanity, or to cast off their religlous bellef, s thera 1s a strong suspicion that the petrificd man was composed to order by a Denver stonecutter, and that the tall was a brilliant afterthought sug- gested by the uccessity of originating some im- provement upon the Cardifl glant. e TiLonx will not down. The latest report sbout the “busted” statesmen 1 that he o cently withdrew from a business enterprige in which he was Interested, with & declaration that he proposcd to devote the next year or so to the ma{ntenance of hs claim to the Presidency, The abnormal tendencies of the ex-candidaty have rapldly developed of Tate, hat it Is to by hoped that this is the final stage of his politicay madneas, f The saloon-keepers of New York welcome 2y one of thetr advocates Mr. Bezcrzn, who In his last Bunday sermon asserted that to carry tem. perance to fanaticlstn and to denounce every. body who claimed the liberty to drink was not accordidz to the spinit of Christlanity, My, Bazcuzn will probably bo walted upon by an indlgmant populace of women and—but it wii servo him right, e —— All summer the Scrvians have been taxing thelr fnzenuity to keep on tho safe side of the fence, and, now that Plevna has fallen ang Turkey practieally conquered, they come bolaty out and declara thelr independence, It fs not to bo wondered at If they put an army in the fleld. Certainly they can do noless than hava & change of Mintstry, e ———iia. The probablo status of the new State Legis- lature of New York Is exclting much epeculs. tlon in political circles, The CoNKLING section of the Republicana claim a majority over the supporters of tho President, aud propose to run Haxirrox Fimi, Jr., for Speaker, f Tha plea fo behalf of Rinpx, the outlaw, wii b that ho has been for years a monomaniac on tho subject. of killlng people and writlog poetry~—a distinction without a differcuce, | According to the Eastern papers, the “buil. ing" of bonds Is the chief end of man. Protty soon tuey will all bo demanding thelr payntent in atamonds, The Times hnd better sav less about quall and pay mnore attention to Turkey. | | Ong baby-show I8 not enough. Let us hava twins, fi PERSONAL., A daughter of John W, Forney is writing fashion articles for the Phitadelphla Press, Extracts from a youthful opera ecalled ** Paost, ** by Richard Wagner, ara s0on (o be pab. Hahed. B. L. Farjeon ia to giva readinga from ona of his novels before s New York audlonce on the 10tk tnst, - ‘Tho Marquis of Bute haa offered to build At his own expense and present to Glasgow Unl. voralty the grand aall designed by Hir Gllbert Scott, ‘The health of Elihu Barritt, of Now Brit. ain, Conn., the *‘lesrned blackemith," is quite precarious, and ho has had saveral hemorrhages within a few days past, It is rumored that Alexander Mc@uro, of the Philadelphla ZImes, fa to leave that paper and becomo chief of the New York Tridune, vice Whitelaw Reid removed, i Prof, G. W, Greene, of Rhode Island, the blographer of his kinaman, Gen. Nathanlel Greene, {s 10 deliver the momorial address at the unveiling of the equestrisn atatae of the General in Washing. ton, President Porter and tho Rev. Dr. Bacon &ra to have chairs made out of the largost elm ia New Haven, which bas Just been cat down, It was An Engliah correapondent, who was a guest of the Czar, thus speaks of Gen. SRODELEYF: At Urestovee Village (the place from which I write) 1s BronrLorr's aavanced fore-post line cuvered by artillery, heavy wlege-guns, snd rifiod mortare. “Hls division, the Sixteenth, up to lts Tull number, {8 all cosconced {n excellent huts, a wlle and haff farther back, prepared for any cold, andwith a fre-place and a chimney to every hut. His 18 tho only Itusslan camp § evor saw that Is clean in tho Kngllah sen<o of the word, Al others aro pigsties or” worae, polluting the streams and brucding direaso regurdices of consoguences, 1lia in clean,’ 1lis one abject in life is to be {dolized by hin men, and he fully sncceods. He nppears to bear a charmed Iife, for his delight ia10 rid gray larsex, six of which have been killed under'ish since this war began. Being a tich man, Skonke LEPP keeps apon table, and all bis Brigadiers and Colonels nlt down with him twice dally, quite un- 1ike Giovnio, of whom it s sald that **he nover dines,™ bnt takos tea n:cu(unlll"'. weiting amd working all the rest of the day, Thesa two are rivals 1n fame, but Sxonzievr is s rich youne bachelor of 34, with immonace expoctations, and Goviiko, o father of o family, of 40, who has nothing but lls pay, Each s 5 thorough soldier, and each perfect In his way, = Gounxo, though s cavalry oficer all his lifo, 18 no mere_eabreur, but & thoughtful, intellectnal man, who impresscs you at once with s senac of mental power. 1ledefends his rald throueh the Balkans on apparently sound strutegic grounds, which I wiil not enfer upon here. At any rate, it {8 obvious that it opened and has kopt oven the gate of the Baluans. e —— nearly 162 yoars old, and was planted by the Rev, Josoph Noyus, A New Orleans msn namoed Burgess has declnred that he himself pulled down the flag from the New Orteans Mint dariug the War, and that Mumford, the man whom Gen. Butler hanged for doingit, was lnnocent, Edwin Booth iz to make his re-entranco on the New York atage on tne 7th of January, at Booth's Theatre, He will be his own manager, and hopes to nea the splendid scenory prepared by him during his ownership. Tho appearanco of a review of Pjorce's **Life of Samner™ from the pen of 8, R. Crocker in the Literary World does not Indicate that gene Uleman's recovery from his mental malady, as many newspapers sasume that 1t doos. Mr, Buckingham, the Orhaha lawyer who ‘wan reported ta bave-dled of heart-disesse resuit. ug from violent boating ex The average Demucrat s noted for belng always full of soul and patriotism,—or somo- thiug elae,—but there is & polut at which gen- crosity keols, It is when his pocket fa threat- oncd, Asforyis told by the New York Sun about an attempt made in Washingtonto securo capital for the new Domocratic organ. A caucus was ralled, and intenso enthusiasm manifested when Mr. HoTcitins explained hisplan of starting apaper, but when ho remarked thataliberal sup- port would be nccessnry tho caucus visibly cooled. The subsequent procucdings may bo bricfly narrated: ** Thu bust way of oxtending this snpport, sald |. Mr. Hurcuins [by this time the enthusiasm of the caucan began o radiate through slde doors), ** s for ench member to take ten coples {motion to ad. Journ| at X apiece, [cally of question! queation! which would uinke I‘lmlm. of order; no quorum $10,000. 1o trusted that the Chair would set the example of~—" The Chalr dvclded no guornm present, polnt of order well taken, and adfourued the caucus, , nor to have taken part 1 any sthiotic exerclses, The 8t. Paul Press says: ¢ President Tayes a d hls message to his * fellow-citls zens of the B ud Houso of Representatives,’ which is unuwual, If not without s precedent,” To which tho Cinclanat! Gaselte auds: ** He es- tablished & precedent last October, ' Mrs. Timothy Frencl, of Pittsfield, Mass,, whose husband had placed all his property in her mame, dled recontly, sud willed the entira estate, amounting to $10,000, to her relatives, giving nothing to her husband or his brother. Thoy cone tested, but the will will be admitted to probate. Compte read no newspapers during the last nineteen years of his life, **Living at Parls,” sald ho toafriend, ‘‘and seeing so many people asIdo, I hear of everything that occars," Jours naltem, he added, would some day be driven out of the fuld by placards posted on the wall. He argusd that reading interfered with thinking. Jefferson Davis sald recently: I think Andrew Jazkson had the greatestinfluence on his country of any American, sud In tust res the groatest man wo have produced. I atroug snd romantic mark upon his time and sas- cecaing times, I knew Calhoun, and was patron. ized by him when Ientered theBenate, Batall the boys snd urching, from yenorition tg generae tion, feel Jackvon's oxample." Mr, Edmund Yates rises at 8, and aftera light breakfsat dictates to & shori-hand secretary for two or threa hours, when he goes ons for a gals lop, Mo comes back to lunch, rides or drives sgain, snd returns 1o shut himeelf np with the sec- rotary till dinner-time. Inthls wayho both sees fonsnd geta through so eumormous amount of worlk, for everything aigned with hla nsme, note, nova), or article, s taxen down at stenographis speed, The Rev, W. H. H. Murray has invented a: scheme for the perpstustion of Mr. Moody's Influe 8 cities of the land. It fsto eer maintain in each & tabernacle church of mlscellsncous material, **chartered by the liberty of the Sblrit, snd held together by the bond of peaco,” of which congregstions Mr. Moooy shall be & spiritual Iishop, **made so by the ordsinmeat of natnre and of grace.' The present Moody came palgus, Mr. Murray fears, give too litle permanend teturn for so much coat and effort. Jamea Watt, the famous English enigneer, directed by his will that bis workshop and its com tents, inan old mansion 1n the suburbsof Bis minghaw, England, should not be disturbed, snd the room remaiusas be laft it. This requirement 1s vexatious from the fact that i the apariment ars cabinets and drawers flled not only with the finest cxamples of Wedgwood's plagues, but with price- less designs snd molds, maony of which sre by Flaxman, wbo was one of Wedgwood's friends, and helped essentially lo the modols from whish Wedgwood worked. The New York Times has this item of **fashilonabls lntelligence™: **It lasunounced ta Englsnd that MissClars Jerome, s dsughter of Mr, Laonard W, Jerome, of thisclty, aud & aister of Lady Handulph Churchill, is about to be maee ried to the Earl of Wicklow. The Eazlof Widke low, who was formerly aa oficer in the Niuth Lase cer of the Britlah army, is about 38 years of age, and succeeded bis uncle, Willlam Forward Howard, ss Ofth Barlo! Wicklow, Viscount Wickiow, sud Baron Conmore io the pesrage of Irelend i 1880, He represents a romote branch of the Ducsl bouss of Notrfolk, walch settled in Irelsnd iz the seven- toenth cantury, He bas two residonces tu Irelsad, —8halton Abbey in Wicklow and Csstle Forwarl in Dooegal,—and he ls one of the representative peersof Lreland In the British Parllsment. M, Jerome aud her youngest dsughier recontly re- turned to New York from & protracted ssay abroad,” —— The French press, which has so long been muzzled in accordance with* tho MacMahonian policy, has at last broken its bends, and we sre permitted to learn something about ~the statt of public feoling in Paris, The Dien Public goes 0 far ea to declaro that tho Chamber of Depu- tles would reply to a sccoud dissolution by im- peaching the Marshal President for high tres- son, whilo the Temps boldly asserts that the Left attributo tho fallure of M, DUyAURS'S nego- tlatlons to @ preconcerted plan on the part of MaoManox's advisors, It has longbeen a won- der that the corrcspondent of tho London T¥mes has been permitted to comment on French affaira with the frecdom that ho has exhibited, but this new recklesaness ou tho part of Parisfan Journals can be accounted for with difiiculty. It means, probably, that the scntiment of tho 10asses has grown too powerful tobe suppressed any longer, —— Inovery country but the United Ntates the posscsalon of a large amount of land {mplics wealth. Bome ‘statistics have recently been published, showing tho ratlo of real ers in the different European countries. In gland there are about 170,000 Licads of families, or more than 1 in 26, who awn more than a sin- gleacre; In Ireland, 1 fn 53; jn Bcotland, 1 in 84. On the Continent the disproportion fa loss, for {n Belgium 1 in 4 beadsof familles Wre land-owners; in France, 1 in 3; in Sweden, 1 in4. The Unlted Btates arc apparently better off than Bweden or Belgium, for here the ratio is about1in 8. In this country, however, it is aitticult to arrive at any fizurcs which will give a comparative and just idea of fodividual own. ership of real property, because of the gencral prevalence of the mortgage system of purchase, I e SEL I, One point must not be lost sight of In the discussion of the silver question, which fs that the {ndividual and corporate debtors of the United States owe twice or thrico as much debt us the Government, For cighty years they en. Joyed the right to discharge their obligatious in gold or silver at their option. This option was taken away from them without thelr knowledge or consent. This violatiun of the rights of tho people must bo repaired, and that can only be done by restoring the sliver standard just whera it was on the 12th of Februsry, 1878, before it was tampered with by the Shylocks, (ot idae e L The dlisastrous fire in the Interlor Departe ment st Washington last summer has dis rected stieutlon to the Insecurity of many of the Government bulldings, and . Gen, ButLsw's bill for placing automatic sig- mals io each of the Departments will doubless bo adopted without opposition. The Capitol building cspecially is stured with tons of paper, crowded juto all kiuds of odd coruers and out-of-the-way rooms, and in caso s fire sbould break out the whole butldivg would be endangered, ——— Bome of the goldites put forth tho absurd ss- sertion that the “debtor class” desired the de- monetizing of siiver in 1873 becauss it was then worth more thaun gold. This {s not true, for it would have been exceedingly foolish for them 10 do 50, as tho effect of such act would be to deprive them of thelr option to pay Io either metal. The Awerican people always evjoyed the option to pay in the cheaper coln from 1768 .