Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 11, 1877, Page 4

. A Thye Tribane, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MATL—IN ADY, £pecimen coptes sent sres, Give Post-Oftice address In fall fneluding Btate and County. Remittances may he mada efther by draft, express, Tost-Ofiice order, orin registercd lettern, atour risk. TENMN TO CITY SUNSCRINERS. Dily, delivered, Sunday excented, 23 cents per week, Datly, dellvered, Bunday included, 20 cents per week. Address THE THRINUNE COMPANY, Curner Modison and Destborn-ata,, Chicago, Iil. Orders for the deliveryof Tng Tainux at Kvanatan, Englewood, and Hyds Park leftIn the counting-room Wit recelve prompt attentlar AMUS. . MoVicker's Theatre. Madison street, between BState and Dearborn. **Bidonlg."” New Chicago Theatre, Clatk street, opposlte Sherman louse, Concert by the Emma Abbolt Troupe- Hooley’s Thnatre. RMandolph street, between Clark and LaSalle, Engagement of the Hess Euglish Opera Troupe, **Chimes of Rormanily,™ Tinverly’s Theatre, . Monros tireet, corner of Dearborn, Madame Rents's Female Minstrels. Calireum Nnovelty Thentre, 5 Clark strect, opposlte Court-Houss. **Too Late. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 11, CHIOAGO MARKET BUMMARY. The Chicago produco markets were active yes- terday, and somowhat Irregular, within narrow Him- Its, Meas pork closed 5@ 7142 pet bri lower, at 811,70 for December and 812.10212.12% for January. Lard closed ic per100 Ms lower, 8t $7,00 cash and $7.0247.05 for Januaey. Meats were casier, at 414c for boxed shoulders and 8%c for do short riba. Whisky wonsteady, at $1.03pergallon. Flourwas quiel. Wheat closed #ic highor, at $1.10X for De- cemberand 81,11 for January. Corn closed 3@ 15¢ Ligher, nt 44%c cashand 42)c for January. Qataclosed firm, at 25%c cash'and 26Xe for Jun- uary. Hyewan firmer, at 30%c. Darley closed i @1c loser, at61c cash and G1b;c for Janunry.” Hoga were farily active and weak, at Gc decline, clos- Ing at 84.15G4.40. Cattle were quict snd firm, with safes nt 82.16@5.00. Sheop were dull, at §2.75@1.25, The exports from tha seaboard lnst weelk incladed 83,034 brls fluur, 71,576 bn wheat, 1,410,240 bu coen, 2,084 ba oats, 48,285 b rye, and 2 1 bu barley. Inspected Into store Inthis city ycoterday morning: 217 cars wheat, 100 cars cory, 31 care onte, 10 cars rye, and &5 cars borley. Total (417 care), 158,000 bu, Ome hundred aollars fu gold would buy $103.00 In greenbacks at the close. . 1877, | Greenbacks ut the Now York Stock Ex.' chango yesterday closod at 97, Gon. Jonxn M. Hanray, of Kentucky, was yestorday sworn in as an Associnto Justice of the Bupreme Court of the United States. Tho Fire-Marshal roports that soven appli- entions for positions were made to him by Aldermen duting the month of November. Inthe faco of adverso conditions such as thicse tho Department continues to maintain ita efficicncy. e ‘The composition of tha standing commit- toes of tho County Board shows that excel- lent use had been mado of the reform mate- rial by Mr. Sexne. Mr. Frrzoenaio's past record ns a friend of tho taxpayers is rocog- nized in his assignnient to threo of the most jmpfortant Cowmnittecs, Finance, Publio Bwldings, and Public Service, aud from the general provenderance of members elected upon the ticket pledged to honesty ond econ- oy thero is o prospect that ring favoritism and corruption will be the excoption and not tho rule as herotofore. A decision in favor of tho city and ngainst the bondsmen of Davip A, Gaor, who sot up the plenthat they wero released from thelr linbility by renson of the city having allowed Gaok to deposit his money in baoks at inter- cat, was yestenlay rendered by Judge Hoo- xns. ‘Thero i3 somne ciicouragoment to hope that the dofendants hnve about oxhausted the meaus of esoape from their responsiblil- tiew affordod by legal technicalities and de- lays, and that the city will in n fow yonrs suceced in recovering that portion of the de- faleation not yet mado good. Tho Henate yesterday admitted J, B, Evs- 718 to the long-vacaut seat belon ing to the State of Youisinna., Tho previous action of tho Seunts, in rejecting the clalms of Pincuvack, stripped the question of all the usual points of countest, and tho voto in fovor of TEusma wes iheroforo very large,—4% yens and 8usys. ‘This leaves a Republican majority of twp, counting Cox-" ovin aud ParrensoN as Republicavs, while on ony important occasion when eithor of theep shonld temporarily desert the ranks tho casting vote of the Vice-Prosident would still carry the doy, ———— ey Tho speoch of Senntor BranLxY MaTrnRWs in the Bonate yesterduy id roported at con. siderablo length in the record of proceedings printed this morning, and will bo read with great intorest throughout tho West, Bona- tor Matrurws speaks tho nlmost unani. mous wentiment of bLis Blate fu e manding the reatoration now of the kind of dollur that was good enough for anybody previous to 1878,0ud 1t will be uoticed ay significant that Mr, Tuuasax, the leader of tho Dewocracy Iu the Benate, and a formida. ble candidate for the Presidency fn/1880, Lns placed biunselt unresorvedly upon the side of tho wilver men, —— A new Ministry has been formed by Mac. Mauon, but 1o announcoment is yot mado s to its composition. It i known, however, that the Marshal Lins thrown himgalf into tho arns of the Benato for protection and support, threatening to reaign it he is pot suitably backed up, ‘wud from this it i inforred that tho Iatest Cabinet has been orgavized with especial refsrenco to the good «will of the Coustitutionalist majority of the Upper House. Whetlier the result sought will bo roalized I8 not now clear, as there js o decided repugusnce fu the Henato to Any policy lookiug to a second dissalution of Porliament, ——— It Is probable that tha sspirations of Mr, Exosx P. Bravcuae to the Belgian misaion havo received a blow from which: they will not recover, aud that the French gentleman frow Indlana will xotire to his Consulate at Cologue with all convenient hasto, Just when fortune seemed iu the very aot of dropping the coveted diplou‘uuo plum Inte Lis lap, thero came an orthographic catas- trophe which spoiled overything, He had nclioved distinctiod in Jotter-writing as well s in dinner-giving, but it wau agreatucss that weont boforo his fall. In e written avowal ot love to an Awerican lady traveling sbroad, Bravemawr wedo tendur of his *“hole bast,"” and expressod biy sentiments through. et io similar disregard of the spelling-book, ' rlors than to the smaller numbor whoso do- . THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1877. This sort of thing might do for Cologne, a city of bad smells, but not for Brussols, which wonld serig—Yieary bln to becoming fomous as n cityd .pells, If there fs anybody out of a JU¥"who Lins ever been to night-school and never cheated the Govorn. ment in an army-cloth contract, he should coma forward and tako tho Bolgian mission, Mr. Evarrs will by this time be thankful for volunteers. i ‘We underatand that themovers for A mass- meeting fn favor of silver remonetization have seaured the Tabernaclo for next Thurs- dsy ovening, and have placed petitions in various accessible places for signa. tores, Every bnsiness man and property- of carly action in this matior s the only means of relief for the present financial and commercial depression should put himsolf out to sign ove of theso calls, should cancel all other ongagoments and be presont at the meoting, and should urge his friends to do likewise, The force of the meeting will de- pend largely on tho numbers and tho on. crgy of expression, and if the public sentl. mont of Chicago be properly represonted nt the mesting, tha Tabernacle will not be largo onough to hold the peoplo. ——— s The gravily of the situation on the Rio Grande seoma to be fully appreciated in Con. gress. In accordance with the usunl prac- tico, tho Chairman of tho Committea on Ways and Means yestorday moved tho refer. ence of tho mattors touched upon in the Prosidont's mossage to various Committees— omong othors, that portion relating to tho border diffoultios to the Mili tary Committee, An ‘amondment was immedintoly offered .and adopted, naning the Committee on Foreign Affairs as the proper ono Lo havo charge of o important a subject, Mr. Somrricnes, of Toxas, i3 o membor of this Committee, and will be able to look aftor tho intorosts of Lis constituents, whilo 1t is oxpectod that the Commatteo as a whola will Ueatow upon the question of our rolations with Mexico tho carcfnl considor- ation which its gravity and consequonce de- mand, Tho fact that the Foreign Affairs instead of the Military Comunitteo was se- lectod showa that the House is not disposed to adopt a policy caloulated to aggravato rathor than modity the existing condition of excitoment and ala; — THE FALL OF PLEVNA. The great blow, which all Europe has beon awaiting with varfed feelings for the past throo mouths, has at last been struck, and tho only stronghold of the Turks north of the Dalkan Mountains has fallen into the hinnds of the Russians, Plavna, tho beloved, tho impregnable, wherein Lnve boen centred all the hopes of the fading Otloman Empire, was surrondered unconditionally, according to our dispatehes, aftor a sharp assanlt Sun. day morning, 'The aunouncemont, coming a3 it does suddenly and without any previons intimation in tho shope of renewed goneral fighting, is no foss a surprise to thoso who have hod continued confidence in the ultimate triumph of tho Ozar's war. light hag beon tho ocensionnl successes of the only two Turkisl Generals whose career hosmot been n merica of uninterrupted de- feats. Itis only common fairnoss to asdort that, aside from n fow rebollious Russian provinces, the only sympathizers with the Turkish catso havo.beon the English holders of Turkish bonds, and that class of English. men who can novor overcome the national hatred of tho Russiang engendored In tho Crimea. To tho rost of tho civilized world thonows of this morning will be wolcomed 08 another stop in tho march of civiilzation, Nearly oight montls ago tho Czar lasued a rroclamation of war against Tuarkey, having proviously endeavored valnly to procure by arbitration o guaranteo from tho Sultan that the Olristian provinces wonld bo Pprotected from misrulo and porsecution, An army was collocted as Lnstily as conld be posaibla with tho meagro facilitis for transportation and sont acrosa the frontier into Roumania, while another forco was dispatched around the enstorn shoro of tho Dlack Sea into Asin Minor. ‘Two months were occuplud in got- ting those troops into position, nud on the 22d of June the passage of tho Danubs was made ot DBrila, tho total number of avallable troops in Ioumania at that time bolng about 200,000 Thia movement, which was ouly intended a8 o diversion, was followed on tho 26th by a crosslug at Simnitza, From this time for. ward thero was & continual succession of Ruaslan viotories, Nicopolls was captared, und an advanco guard of cavalry under Gen. Gounxo penetrated the Balkaus and spread alorm and dismay to the gates of the copital. The old Serdar Ekrem, penning himself and his army up in Schumla, allowed a Rus- slan corps to march without opposition across Dulgaria. The Grand Duko cstab- lisked hls heodquartors in Tiruova, at the vory foot of the mountaina, Every Indication polated to a speedy conclusion’ of the cam- palgn and o certain violory for tho Russiana, England began bostirring Rersclf to secure n voice in the final treaty errangements, and the English journals wero filled with sppeals to the Govornment to join in the fray, - It was ot this critical juncturo that the Turks secmed to experience a sudden awakening, ond to cast ¢ff in o moment tho slothfulness and fear which had hitherto bound thom, ‘The young Bultan, by a great effort of ro- sponsibility, and contrary to ths insldious advico of his Minlsters, sevoral of whom bave since bioon suspocted of opon troachery, ordered the Lerdar Ekrem under arrest and Meuzurs Avrat the head of tho Behumla army. At tho sawne time he isswed fnstroc- tious to Osuax Pasha, who had Litherto ro- mained sccording to orders quicscent at Widdlo, to advanco upon the enemy nt all hazards, Tho reslt showod the oxtrema wise dom of both these orders, The Russian forces had by this time becomo seattered in n long desultory ling from Bimuitza to Gabrova, sud, worse than that, had grown so self-con. fident that they scarcely considered as fog- wen worthy of their steel the Tuirkish soldiery who had nover 0 much as dared to oppose a foreign invasion. Ouo corps Lad brauched off to the eastward, and- were al. ready pressiug carelessly in the direction of Schumla. Oanly u single division remafned wear the polut of crossing of the Dauube, and ogaiost this Owwaw Pasha fluug biy troops ou tho 19th of July, compellng them to withdraw., This was tho first seri- ous reversa sustained by the Nusslans, and even then the latter did not snticipate any important check; henco only & portion of the Eleventh Corps wos recalled {from the Jautra to cope with the new ene- wy. Two weeky wore allowod to clapée be- fore the Russinns sought an engagement,— aninterval long enough to sliow Osvan Pu- &ha to thoroughly jutrench himself in the hills about Plovns. ‘The first great battle of the war took place on the 20th of July, and, to the inespressible astonishment and dis- way of the Russions, they wero repulsed owner who is inprossed with the necossity. with immense slaughter. Again and again thoy stormed tha heights, but were each time driven back, to learn finally the simple but stern lesson that even the Turks could fight behind intrenchments. This great dis. aster, in which the losses have been ostimated s high as 25,000 men, caused an immedinte changs of Ruesian taotics, Tho hendquarters wera precipitately ‘moved back to a point near the Danube, and all the regiments on the march southward wero turned in the opposite direction. It was now timo for tho Russians to concentrate and considor, It is not our purpose to give any dotailed slory of the war in this placo, Snficient to say that sinco that day all the sction on the acene of war in Europe has beenturned npon Tlevna as on n pivot, Osuan Pasha has stood his ground firmly, and has effectunlly Union, the wnoccupied and nnsold lands still belonged to the Government; but Texas was treated like an indspendent na- tionality, and the State ncquired vast pos. sessfons, which it has since sold and given away as snited its purposes. Certainly -thero is as much fairness in charging the Bouth with thin gift of n kingdom in extent nod valnoas in charging to the nccount of the Northern States the grant to railroads of certain Territorial lands, tho residne of which beeamo doubly valuable to the whole conntry by reason of such grant. As to the grant of bonds, the Contral Pacific, Unlon Pm:iflc, Kansas Pacifie, Cen. tral Brauch Union Tacifio, Western Pacifio, Bioux City & Pacifie, constitute in fact the ona great contral routo ncross the continent. 8oma of tho depondent lines resch toward the Bouth, soma toward the North, but all Tho father, who was dead, waa not eateemed, but the mother, who is atill living and sald to be n lady of high rank, objected, It is said, howover, that if the Conrt will not congent to waive this part of the pro- ccedings, the iother will bo produced in court and her infamy be attested out of her own mouth, Those are but two cases out of many, all going to show how heinous an offense it has become for n man to dla rich and distribute his proporty unequally. Yet this s exactly tho result which is contemplated by the the- ory of the law whereby the power of making wills is conferred, The ambition to perpot- uate one's name in a colossal fortuneorn noble family may be weak nnd unworthy, but it {s distinotly provided for in the Iaw. However wrong it may be, it is not so sordid or 80 offensive as the wrangling of relatives barred the door of "Roumelin, nud | belong to tho same aystem. Tho land-grant | for ashare of the money which has been left the Gonefals of the Czar havo - rec- | nmounts to 264,000,000 and something more, | in bulk. The apectaclo which is presented ognized the fnot that Plevna must | The schemo was projected, and carried out | it the VANDEABILT cnse and tho Awrowziir botaken, Accordingly, after soveral ineffece tual attempta to dislodge the Turkish com. mandor, it was determined to commenco a regulor siego, and Gen. Toorenex, the ven- erable hero of Bebastopol, was called to take chargo of the operations. Days, and weeks, and months passed, and readers of tho nows- papers have long since passed tho stago of wondering if anything more was going to be done. Bat down in Bulgaria the net was gradually belng woven about the victim. Day by day sonrces of supply were cut off and new positions taken up by the Russians, while all the time tho censaless boat of shot and shell has beon heard and felt by the doomed Turks. Escapo was complately prevented. If Mznzser Art or BuLErMan Pasho hod shown a little more strategy or zeal it is possible that Plovma might have beon relieved or evacunted without great losa, Dut, cithor from personal jealousy or incapnoity, these Generals have kopt at a safe distance. 1tis easy to Imagina'the horrors endured by the besleged. When Bayazid was re. licved in July there wers found men, and ‘womeon, and childron dying from starvation ond thirst, Yet Bayazid offors no compori- son to Plovna, which has now beon shut out from communication with the world for ovor four months, supplies baving beon ro. colved but onco during that pertod. To Osmax Pasha can be accorded desorv. edly the highest praiso aa a Goneral, Ho mnet have possossed in an oxtraordinary mensure tho affoctions of Ius men to have prevonted open fnsubordination or treachery during the long sioge. Our dispatches nar. nte that ke made an attempt—undoubtediy the last effort of desperation—to break through the Knesian lines in thoe direction of ‘Widdin on the west, but was ‘itacked in front and rear and compellod to surrender aftor a glorions struggle, With the fall of Plevaa porishos the backbone of Turkish de- fonso. It will now be comparatively casy tomoot and vanquish separately Mrugsmer Azt on the east and Burenmay Pasha on the southenst. Noithor of these Generals have 85 yot shown any ability, except as in the caso of the former, to stay out of harm’s way, and in the caso of the latter to nse- lossly sacrifice in the Schipkn Pass tho fineat troops that Turkoy has ever brought into tho flold. Tho rosd to Constantinople lles open bofors the Grand Duke, and unless, as 18 not improbable, thu Porto should suo at once for peaoe, ho can be at Adrianople with. inamonth. At any rate, the importance of the eapturo of Plevoa cannot wetl bo overos. timated, LAND-GRARTS AND SUBSIDIES. The rogulsr session of Congress having openad, two or three subsidy bills have been introduced for the benefit of the Southern Pacifio schome, tho lobby is presumably in full trlm for the nasault, nnd the Houthern nowspapers are doing what they can to spread the Improssion that the Southorn people may claim a subsldy ss a right on the ground that tho North has enjoyed disproportionate ndvantogos from the subsidics herstofore granted. A statoment is going round among the Southorn papers, based on a recont apeoch mado in Congress by Mr, Riopre, of ‘Pennessee, the purport of which i to show that 155,000,000 acres of publio landa have been granted by the Government for railrond construotion for the benefit of the Northorn Blates, and only 832,000,000 on the samo nc- oount for tho benoft of the Southern States. It may be ns well to briefiy analyze this state- ment for tho purpose of dotermining just how exaot and fair it s, To begin with, the 155,000,000 acressald to lave been given away to the Northern States compriaes all the lands contained in the Territories as woll na that located within the boundariesof Northern Siates. Now theFerri- torial lands bolong to tho wholo United States, and any gift, eale, or retontion thereof af- focts similarly both Northern and South- orn Btates, The Territorial lands constitute the bulk of the grants to the Pacifia rail- ronds already built, and were given beoanse they were lacated upon the routo to the Fa- cifio agreed upon- as tho most central and desirable; theroe is no reason why the North- ern Blates should have a special advantage ease of children deliberately sacrificing their parents’ good nnmo and their own for a moncy-consideration 18 one of the most shocking known to our civilization, It is an atrocity of the gravest kind that cases of thia character shonld bo permitted to arise. It only necds that a few more of them shonld ocenr in order to prodnce a popnlar renction agalust the whole system of begueathing properly aa 1t now oxists; go that the rights of childron to play with their great-fore. fathers’ namos shallnot bo estoomed the most inestimablo privilege of mankind. eeae———1 THE BI-METALLIC STANDARD. It I impossible to maintain the double standard, becswuse thero is no goarantes against fluctuntion.” This is & common statemont made by all those who opposo the restoration of tho silvor dollar ns a logal- tendor. They mako this nssertion as if it farniehed a conclusive reason ngainat having tho double standard. They assume- that, unless gold and silver maintain an cxact pro- portion of value, thore is an irroparable ‘wrong done, and that the lability of one or the othor metals becoming chenpor or cost- lier in the other renders the double standard impossible, 'This argumont is fatlacious, be- cause [t misrepresents ths ground on whioh the bi-motallic standard i desirable, nnd be- canso it' nssumes ihat it is ocssontial that the two motals should have an unvary- ing proportionate valuo in order to ba a standard of value. Bilver and gold furnish and have furnishod the nearest approach to stability of relativo value, but thero have beon many variations in these, always, how- over, followed by a return to the common proportion. The docline in tho production of silver, and tho sndden inoreaso in tho produoct of gold, have at times had the affact of doprociating gold and giving to silver an ndditional value, In 1834 we reduced the weight of gold in our colns in order to make them chospor dollars than silver dollars, and then our gold dollars being worth losa than the silver dollars, wo mado the goneral use of the cheapar coln to pay debts with, Tho silver dollar wad also s logal-toudor, and hiad not gold boen a logal-tender all debts of all kinds would have been payable in dollars which woro worth several conts moro than gold dollars, and which, it thoy had beon the exela. sive logal-tenders, would have boen worth possibly 110 in gold. Tho value of the donble standard was thon illustrated. Bilver was at & promium in gold; but gold, boing o logal- tender, took the placo of silver in gonoral use. Had silver boon the exclusive logal- tender aud gold demonetized, then the silvor dollar would have acquired an oxtraordinary value in addition to ita oxtrinsio valae, bo.’ oausa of its cxcluslve character as monoy. Thero ars no troubles in France from the fluctuations of valuo of the two metals, When gold bocomes soarce and high, the silver is wused, and the community suffers nothing from the rise in gold. Tho silver five-frano plece of France is legal-tondor for any sum in all France, and suffers no deprociation ns money, not even at this time, when silver bullion is solling at less than ity ordinary price in gold; 8o long as Franco has the doublo standard, the mivor legal-tendor protects the conntry from the cost and tronble and the financial pressure which would exist had silver beon demonetized. and gold coin alone the legal. tender. Alded and strongthoned by the sil- ver legal-tendor, the Bank of Francs was enabled to reduco the amountof its out. standing paper monoy by issuing silver fiv. frana plecos for all the notes of less donom. ination than 20 francs. In place of those logal-tendor notes it pald out silver coln, Hod Franco beon confined to the single standard of gold, her vast store of silver wonld have been useless to hor. She would bo liko Becrotary Bursman, trying to borrow gold to redeem tho paper ourrency § aud upo. cle payments would have been postponed in- dofinitely, initosd of which, by the ald of silver coluage, the Bank of France will be able to resumo on the 1stof January next. It thore were no variations in the rolative values of gold and silvor coln, there would be no occcasion for s doublo standard; it is because such variations are possibla that tho 50 far a8 the Governmont was concerned, during the War of the Rebellion, The sub- sidy was urged partly on the ground of mili- tary necessity, and In no cnse pending the War conld the line have been located further to the South ; aven had there boen no war jeopardizing the integrity of our national Nterritory, it ia doubtful whether justice to all sections would have allowed a moro southerly route for thesinglo and central trans-continen- tal railrosd projected. But, having granted a.hugo subsidy for one railrond ncross the continent, that is rather a reason why the Government should grant no more than renson why it should grant two or threo othors, Al the legitimate purpose the Gov- ernment could have in view was nccomplish- ed by this ono grant, Had the peoplo known to what bnse nses this grant would be per- vertod, it is not unlikely that it would have been withheld to await the time when privale capital should ba willing to undertako the work; but cortainly the experionce the peo- ple have had with one subsidized rnilroad ought {o preclude & repotition thereof. 'TIf the Southorn States forfeited any sectional advantages in this grant (which we doubt), it was because they wero in rebellion against tho Government, and the routs «could not safely bo projected in their territory; but certainly the nation should not now bo called upon to duplicate its subsidies because the Bonth wag making war upon the Govern- ment during the timo tho time the original subsidies woro granted. TWO CELEBRATED WILL OASES, The right of aman to arrango for the dis- position of his proporty aftor dooth Ia os. sumed to be fundamental, but it has practi- cally beon abrogated inso many instances that pooplo bogin to question whether it ox- istaot all. ‘Tostamontary capacity is now limited by peculiar conditions in reapect of bodily health, tosny nothing of tho rights of widow and children variously defiued in difforont Btates. Asit was latoly nssumod by an intelligent correspondent’ that sutolde s prima facis evidonco of insanity, so we moy infer bofore long that tho man who dies in tho posscssion of vast wealth is pro- sumed by the law to be not in his right mind. In this manuer it will be possiblo to account satisfactorily for the decisions which have beon mando rocently in o number of will casos; and the practice of ripping up tho private history of overy wealthy man after doath, on tho score that he was not competent to know his own mind when he made his will, can bs justi. fled or explained. It the vrinciple is onco ostablished that tho rich man who dles in {pss facta arazy, it will be an easy ad- vanoo to the conclusion that the poor man who with malico aforethought becomes Hoh isalso a viotim of mental aberration. Tho acoumulation of proporty will thusbo proved sn offense againat tho constitution of the human mind; Communism will become a oondition of national prospority and in. dolence a publio virtue. Tho clroumstancos of the Vinoxmnmr will casa aro not so pocullar that thoy would provoke much comment were it not 10 tho cousplouous social position of the persons concerned and the vast sums of money involved. Tho Commodore had 1nde -a large fortuns, partly by shrewd Dbusinees oporations, partly by good luck, Ho had » number of children, ono of whom alono inherited his business copacity; of the others, one was dissipated and improvi. dent in a scandalous degree; his dsughters ‘wero married snd out of tho way of want. ‘The Commodore's ambition was to found a fortuno, and to keep all tho vast intorests col- locted by him under the dominion of ono of his own pame. The only way ho saw to accomplish his purpose was to make his son Wrziax his residuary legateo, Recogniz. ing tho obligation which rested upon him of providing decently for his children he loft each of thom sums of money which, for any persons having modest expectations, would hnve beon considered vast wealth ; even the bad son was to receive the interest on £200,- 000, Asido from the question of tho wisdom of the will, and the worthiness of the Com- modore's ambition, thero can be no doubt {hat, if ke had tho right to disposs of his charged up to them bocauss of the property at all, he hsd the right to dispose of | double standard becomes important as a disposition mado of theso Terrltorial | jt in this manner. But no sooner was the | Drotection. 8o long ss both colns are a lands, Moreover, tho Ilandgrants {0 | will published then some of the heirs began | Jegal-tender, all dobts may ba paid in the tho Pacifio railroads, had the subsidy stopped thero, would have been » good investment, which any individual owner would have hoen glad to make under the samo circumatancoa, Every slternate sec- tion was given away uuder condition that a railroad should be constructed, and the scheme was sure to dike the romaining por- tions moro valuable to the Government than the whole was befors, If this land running slong the lines of the Pacifio rallroads had been owned by o private company, wo do not doubt that the company would have given two sections out of every threa in order to sscurd market and a valae for what should remain, But in making up this statement of the comparative advantages of the North and Bouth, Mr. Riooiz aud the SBouthern news- papors iguore one very important item that wora than balances tho account. If tho Masox & Draox line is still to be kept up In order to maintain an equilibriuin in tho sec- tional distribution of Goverument affairs, thon we mey remind the Bouthern people that the Houth received in oue vast lot a land-grauy noarly as large in area as, and auch woro valuable than, all the lands, Ter- ritorial and otherwise, that have been granted to railroads charged to the account of the Northern Statcs. Wa refer to the grant mode to tho Blate of Texas at the time it ‘was organized aud sdmitted into the Union, Tho United States had waged a wor for the protection of this ‘ferritory, which cost first and last $200,000,080 ; having done this, the Unitod States granted to ‘Fexas, aa a Bate, territory about four times tho area of tho State of Ilinois, and comprising nbout 120,000,000 acres of tho rickest land ou the coutinent, In the case of all the other Btates organized and admitted into the cheaper coin, and hence no people baving the double standard can be subjected to any losn resulting from the sudden riso of either coln, or from any comblnatfon or scheme to advance the valae of either coin, as is now the case in Europe. Protected by the double standard, the ocountry is not sub- jooted to any corner which may be put up in gold or on silver, but, falling back upon the chesper coin, can wait until the natural equilibrium of values is restored. ‘The great domand for goldin Europo has given it an inoreased value, and cansed it to ba largely horded by the great national bank- ing institutions, Germavy is buying gold, peyinga large premium for it in silver; the other States are atruggling to keop their stocks of it, antiolpating a still greaterscarci. ty; and this {s tho time, when the country is largely in debt, when gold has Ppassed beyond all reasonabla value in other property, that the Government has sclected to abolish the double standard, degrads silver, and attempt to make all tho debts in the United Btates payablsin gold Had silver not beea demone- tizod in 1878, the silver colnage of the United States would have long sinca mads the re- demption of greenbacks and of bauk notes in coin a matter of course instead of what it is—an impossibility in gold. Mr, BouciosuLt may tall the drams, but what s that compared with the decilne of tho anclunt art of furtune-tellingl There was & timo when the suothsayer had what might bo called & **soft tbiog,” aund Juuched with Kings and Princes, but o this reallstic ago the ordinary tramp Is surer of bed and board than is tte gypsy who peers into futurity st s dollar & head. Last 8aturday twowomen of Homany dlalect offored totell the fortune of a Jersoy City servaot-girl st half the usaal price, and tho latter gave them s pair of slcove-bustous fur security, ‘Thercupon tuey to prepare for n contest. Ona suit was com. promised, but another has since been iuati- tuted ; andiu all the annals of defamation of character nover has anything been seen like the nttacks upon tho repatation of the Com. modore, Tho results of the autopsy, in all their sickening details, have been spread befors the publio; his habits have been proved bad; he has besu convicted of libortinism by his own flesh and blood, and thero has boon a strong endeavor to show that bis mind was impaired. Whatever the decision may be with referencs to the prop. erty, the memory of the Commodore, thanks to bils children, has been hopelesaly beamirch- ed; and all hasbeen dons for the sake of the property which but for him would uover bave come fnto cxistenco, A casge still more vevolting js that which is uow in progress in Rome arising from the will of the Oardinal AxTonztit, He came to the Holy City a poor man, one of five broth- ore. Entering the prelature, or civil order of the Government, he became a deacon and eventually s Prince of the Church., He was never raised to the priesthood, and never performed suy priestly ofice. But he assum. od the vows of chastity. In consequence of s opportunities, which were splendid as his place required, he amasssd a large fur- tuno. Dominated by the ides, which sconer or lnter takes posscssion of every well-regu- lated Italiac mind, of founding a family, he left the bulk of bis property to his brothers and their children, The will was at once contegted. Tho Countess Lauvesrixy, &laim. ing to be a natural daughter of the Candinal, instituted suit for the recovery of & share of the property. Tho Court demanded proof of Lirth and parentage. Inorderto satisfy this demand, sho was compelled to establish tho shame both of her father and her mother, asked for a sult of clothes to “wishon.” They then tied a handkerchlef before her eyes, blew on [t threo times, and walked off with thao clothes. A Justice of the Peace, with noloye of the antlque, sent them to Becaunc the Czaris sbout to return to 8t Patersburg the corresponident at the front de- clarcs that he Is (1], and that he 1a overpowered with melancholy becauss of Russlan reverscs. 1t happens, however, that hofs not seriously unwell, for if ho were, thers would be an official annoincement of the fact: and, as to Russian reverses, the only reverso of any importance hap- pening recently has been the reverse in the tone of the Engilsh newspapers, which arcnot at present boasting of the prowcss of the Turk. e — The reports of the Judges of Award at the Centennial are not yet ready for piblication, sithough over a year has clapsed sinco the close of the Exhibition, They aro tn be printed in pamphilet shape, each grouo forming a scpa- rate book, and will undoubtedly form a valua- ble compendium of fuformatton. ———————— ‘The voem commencing *Jler bright, brown hair " is respectfully declined, because oo cabls dispatches inform ue that Juses Frany, the French Republican lender, is threatened with insanity, owing to the excessive use of halr-dye, it i SE i The Hindoos, according to a Landon paper, are organfzing bands of missionarles for tho purpose of converting the wicked Christians of Australle. Theraare us yet no Brahmins in Cook County, e ——— In his anxiety to tackle something, CanTER Hanntsox, according to a Washington paper, 18 now engaged in an cffort to reinatate the in- come-tax. f ‘The London newspapers printed three-column reports of the NonroLk wedding, and yet they are opposed to personal fournalism, t A Chinaman was naturalized in New York the other day, and now ho is running for ofllce ~~Collcctor of Custom for a loundry, L ——— o It was commendable In Mr. FARWELL £o pass into church in the morning and to call in agaln in tho afternoon, ————— PERSONAL Dr. floimos is ongagod upon a memento of Motloy, the hlstorian, ‘I'he Now York World suggonta tho desira. bility of holding a poet-show, The Rov. 3Mr. Rainsford is conduoling revival eervices in tho Boston Tabernacle, Driosbach, the lion-tamer, died on hia Ohio farm last week, o poor but contented man of 70 yoars., ‘Che Rev. E. E. Hale frankly says that the story hoe Isnow engaged upon is the bost uno g has over written, Tho London Academy says that Elizabeth Btuart Phclps' ** Story of Avia™ ta certala to bave **a world-wide circulation." Prof. Tyndall refused to nocept the nom- Inatlog to the rectorship of Bt, Andrews' Univer- sity, In consequence of a presaure of other dutlus, A member of the Right Ceatro came to offer Marshal MacMabon hita ** homage," ** What 1most desire, " nald tho Matshal, **la your vote." A statuo of Black, the publishor, Lias been recently unvolled In Edlobury, and the statne to Johu Stuart Mill, on the Thames Embankment in London, s about ready for the szme cersmony, Tho will of the late Dr, E. IL Clarke, of Boston, leaves, among other provisions, §50,000 1o bilw daughter, providing that, If shie dies without Imsue, the amdunt shall be pald to Harvara College for tha benefit of thejMedicu! Dopartment, Mr, Farjeou explaing that the discuision over his natlonality has arisen from the mlstake of a reporier Lo whom ho sald that his .mother was **a Kentith woman,” the reporter writlng it ‘*Celile woman,* tleadmits thatlus father was & Jew, A Pauline Rbule, of Rishmond, Va., has sued F, Neurath for breach of promise to marry. Defendant broke tho engagoment becauss o din. covered that plaint!® had bad breath, Counsel for vlsinti produced Iady friends who swore that her breath was sweotly aromatic. 8ir Charles Roed, Chairman of tho Loudon 8chool Committse, ranges tho excellence of Azasre fcan citles in respect to ola thus: No alagle city was superlor to Cleveland, closely follow.ed by Doston, Clilcugo, Cincinnatl, Manchester, N, H., New Haven, and 8it, Loals, The London Bfndny Bhnkspoare Soctaty's members have refolvod to read throngh Shak- spoare’s plays again In chronologicul order; and they began Sunday, Nov. 25, with ** Love's Labor Lost," at the rooms of tho Hunday Soclety. The Bunday Shakapoars Reading Party of the Collego for Men aud Women I8 secking for a larger place of meeting, one belng denfed them at both colloges. The Boston Congregationalist proposes to brooden tho fleld covered by the Springfield Re- wublican in getting at the viows of the local mia. Isters of this denomination on the mow disputea doctrine of eternal punlshmont. What the Re. publican has done for Weatarn Madeachuscits, it will carry out more widely by gotting the viows of 100 representative Congrogational pastors mecat- tered as evenly as may be over the country. Congressman G, O. Walkar, of Virginla, thus eatly declines to be & candldate for ru-slec- tion, e tha close of resent Congreeslonal torm 1 shall have sorved my Htate ana Disteict ten of the beat yeara of my )ife, to the neglect of my businoss in- tercstsand {ho consequent loes of & roasonable competency, My private aflalrs, so Jlong noglect- ed, demand and mast rucelve my attention,” ‘Tho Colorado stono man has been taken to New York, and the experts who have his Mafesty expross grave donbts es to hi ticity. 1t s conslderod strange, for Instance, that one of his forcarme shoald bs an inch and a quar- Leraborter than the other. Msny additiousl reasons dduced for belleving the atatus 1o be a frau g others, (he statcment of Prof, Nowberry, of the 8chool of Mines, to the sfect thaj the fesh of noaaimal has evor been preserved, wnile this figura purports to be s petrifaction, with all il integuments, oyelide, lips, ond noatrils complete. A wealthy ship-owner.of San Fraucisco re- cently took a Chinese woman visiting his family to the dinner table of & prominent hotel, his wife and daughters accompanying thow, The head wa refused to seat tho party as long as th eyed lady was one of thu sxpectant g manager of the house. then gave thew the urdinary waiters refused to serve tl declar- 1ug that they would lose thelr pla thando it. 8o the gentloman, by the urgent roquest of the Chinesa woman, cscortod her frum the room, the family golng with her. Tho head walter was an Irishinan and bis subordinates negroes. ee— IMPERSONAL A parsdox ; Two physiolans, A dead sliot: A spent ball. A sheepish aot: To got & quarter of Iamb and then forget it. The author of o copy-book should not fail 10 get the copyright. A geatleman, reprimanding his little son, was surprised to hear the youngster observe: **Futher, remarksare ngecossary.” | < ‘The wife of a tragedian hes applied for a divorce. Sho says her hasband nctssoshe can't 1ive with him, Tuquirer: No; varnish is not 8 warm ma. terlal, though pretty thick, Thoy are nsing It ex- tensively up this way, however, for overcoats. T'ho tide of William Wintor's new book of ooms Is *'Thlatle Down.* Wiillo thiaks that, when tho ceitics come to wreatle with bis versos, thistle down Lbewm. 3lan (who has just alighted): * Hers, boy, kecp aa oyo to my horsel" Roy: “*All right, csp'n! Hat yer wonlda's like me to keep s-nlgh to bils heelst When @ friend puts you up toa **good thiog,' ho fa sald 1o ‘‘put & fies fn your ear.” But s burglar, when surprised s bls work, usually Puts a fle in his foot that beats the otlar fellow's insect clear out o' night. ¢ *What kind of tiesdo you keep?” in- quired & smart Alexsnder, s he entored & furnleh- fngstore. ** All sorts of ties, " replicd the dealer. “*Very well,” rejoined swarty, ** glye me 8 plg's e, The dealer said wo was s hog. u, ‘Electea Governot at 35, with ¢ w RAILWAY NEWS, The Trouble with Regard to the Chicago Live Stock **Eveners.” Probability that Their Rebate Wiy Soon Take Some Other Disguise, Te Present Aspect of the Coalltion Against the Ticket- Scalpers, Serlous Oharges Made Against f’mldm Gowen, of Philadelphia, Hels Alleged to Have Pald Disldends Seven Timey Greater Lhan His Earniogs, THE EVENERS, In spita of tho numberless pools and combing. tlons formed by the raflroads during the past year, that unity and harmony among the varfous railronds which they were conildently expecteq to bring about have not been realized. On the contrary, there have been more quarrels ang complications during the last six months than ever before. Bcarcely a day passes that thore are uot onc or more charges preferred sgainst some road or other for violating agreements, Thy Iatest trouble that has arisen smong tho varlous ronds leading to the East is luregard to thellys. stock business. As is well known, this business oiog East is poolea both from Chicagro and t. Louls, The Chicago pool was formed aboyt two years azo, but tho St. Louls pool did not o Into effect untll about six months ago, Ever since tho formation of the latter nool the 8, Lous and other Southwestern roads bave beer cumplaining of uniair dealing on the part of the ° Chicago llocs,” because’ thelr busiue hod been gradually fafling. ofte Tt n clalmed that the Chicago roads are or have been cutting the ratos, but nevertheless It is charged that they sro gotling the bulk of the busiucss on account of the ar- rangements the trunk lines have with o ring of Chicazo shifppers known aa “ ovencrs.” Thess ‘eveners " ure a combination of about a dozen of tho most prominent live-stock shippers, who recelye a rebste of $15 a carou all shipments made from Chicago. In coustderation of this concession tho evencrs are pledged to divide thelr busincas cqually among the roads belong- ing to the puol, and in case the smaller shippers combine and throw thelr busincss upon one ltue, or & liue not bLelongiug to the pool, they have to buy up enouch stock to cqualize the shiptents over the pool lines and prevent them from belng damaged by such cotnpetition. Several months ogo tho managers of the varlous roads met in Now York and decided to abolish the payments of drawbacks and rebates, Pains wero tuken by the raflroad officlals to iuuke tho )xeuplu bellove that Ly that sction the ‘“eveners’ riug? was legislated vut of exist- ence. But Tum TRINUNR fnslsted nt the timu that tho actlon had nothivg to do with the eveners, and that rebates wera rocelved by them with the samo regularity s bofore, It has ajuce transpired that the position taken by Tus TRIBUNE was correct, and that the action thon taken was merely fn regard to sebates pald tu someot tho Canada lines, which had conces. sions made to thewn to prevent the cuulnF of rates on their part. The 8t. Louls roads clsim that, fnasmuch as 8t. Louts has no eveners' ring, ita ronds arc at a disadvantage. While it Ia trug that 8t. Louls has none, yet the Bt, Louis ronds have the same advantage as the Chicago roads, Willle tho rebato of 15 goes to the evoners on Chicago shipments, It goes to the ronds on the 8t, Louls shipments. The roadsof the latter clty could have had ovencrs hud they desired them at the time of the formation of this pool, but thoy preferred to have the money go into ihe vool, But whila the St. Louls ronds have no carthly causo for cumrmm.‘I yot Tuz Trin- UNE has always Insisted Lhat the arrangement ot paylng rebates, whether to a ring of shippers ora ring_of rallroads, was wrong, and calcu- luted to discriminste In favor of tho lurgu sbip-. pers aguthat the smaller oues, aud therefore should be aholisbed, The Wabnsh #Road cluims that the cutting of rates with winch it was charged durjug tho last few months wero mnde necessary by this arrangement, as it could gut no businesa wolle 1t cxisted, -and it refuscs to ablde by any arrangement until the matter is ruoctitied, and in this positlon (t {s backed by soveral other Bt. Louls and Boughweatern roads. As tho position taken b{ thoso rouds Is doing great harm to all tho rallroad Intercats in tho country, tho managers have become convinced that something has to bo dono. to rectify thess matters und stop turther troubles, ‘Chercfore s meotiog of Ucenoral Munarrn and General Tlcket Agents has beeo called, which will bu held at Cleveland Thursdny, when the evener arrangement will be fully dlscussed, ‘The rroh- abilities now are that the eveners will bo legls- Iated out ot existence, and tho live.stock pouls reorgantzed on & dilferent *basia; but it remalns to b scon whether such action will have the eflect of stoppingz the Wabash and otber Bouth- western roads tn thelr mad carcer. THE BCALPERS, The scalpers arc still on tho razged edge, and the war against them bas not abated in the legt. ‘Tho raflroads are followinz up the ad- vantages galucd last weok, nud they sesm to be determined to gain thelr poiot or perish In the sttempt. Two wore srrests were mode yeater- day for selliog tickets without authority, une being Justus Goodrich and the other Bamuel D. 8hields. Buth wero taken before Justics Sum- merfleld, and, on walving examination, were held to the Criminal Court in $500 ball cach. Much indignation prevalled among the sealpers yesterday becauso these two men were put fo tho* bull-pen® until they procuredthelr bonds, ‘The rallroads are of the oplaion that by makiug continuous arrcsts they will wear out the scalp- crs, as it {s not believed that they will be able to sccure good hondsmon fu all the causes that are brought agalost them, and that this fact” wil” compel them to sus pend - business, The scalpers, however, still pressut a bold front, and say they will be abla to hold out for any length of time. 8o far uono of them have givon up business, and they aru still selllug New York tickets over the Erfo & Chicsgo linc at §18, but now take the pre- caution toexact thy full fare, $20, and give the purchoser an order for s rebate of $3, which is honored by thelr agent fn New Xork on vre- scntation, Tho Erle & Clicago line is much benetited by this war, and, wulle heretotoro ita through curs have gone out cmpty, it is now clafmed that every seat and berth fs taken, ‘Chis roud sold yesterday uo less than twenty- three through tlckets, sbout Lalf of which wers sold by the scalpers, und most of the rest were suld ob accouut of thy fres sdvertising it bus bad during the last week, Some action will robably be taken by the rallrusds to prevent rhc further diversfon of busiuess to the Erle & Chicago Jine, While wost of the scalpers claim that they will tight to ths bitter <nd, yet there are somno who seetn to be auxious ta KO out of the busincss, provided thoy could dispoge of tnelr stuck to the ratliroads. To lr{ the siucerity of theso inen, the General Ticke! and Pastcuger Agents' Assoctation will meet durlng the weok sud muke arrangements for tho redemption al atl vutstanding tickets lisued by all the roads. The Passenger Agents of the Eastern roads have previously agreed to redeem tickets gold over thew lines autt not used, and aro paying full rates lor all that arv presented Mr, H. C. Wentworth, Ueoeral Passcuger Ageut of the Mictugan Ceutral, says be guursutecs that the Weatern roads will take slmilur sction us regards tho redemptlon of tlckets oves their «ntlre lines, s0 that the scalpers will bave vo turther excuse for continuing fu the buslueds. IIARD ON GOWEN., Bpectal Dupalch to TAs CAicago Trivuns PulLADELPHIA, Dee. 10.—Ex-Presidead Charles E. Smith, of the Philadelphla & Read: jug Koad, will publish to-norrow & special re« port madg by himsclf, Isasc Hinckley, and Joslius B.Lpplncou to the Board of Managers, Nov. 20, 1870. _ Smith was President of the road from 1381 to 1869, when ha touk s vacation, sud subsequently resigaed on account of ll-health, This report was tho result of an luvestigation made by him for ressvns which he thus states: 1o tbe early pszt of Noveuber, 1870, I heard & ruwor ia the streat 34t the Company bad & Soat- :?vf.‘.mil.o.u‘t;:' Yes ‘Tno foatlng deut la over i k| ledye of Ita Thie was my Lrat I.nmlll:l: x';';.nl W “xpense, thiog having beou vald st {0 that -l-'.':l shole it et fine sad szamined usl reports for fi: fim they wconuln-d ot ftem expense of a floating deot which 1 bad overlooked. Finding thum 1o beail ngut io appessance, s 1 bad supposed, and being sstisfied that the "uhl had been cuucesled from me, | saked fur u spec! wectlog of the Board, at which I aenanded s cous aaiitoo of Loveatlyation, to by composed of tbree £ the btoard. ' T'his demand wes resist ety by e Gowen abd Ar, Borls, - Ak thelz fustauc the sosvlutivn was a0t allowed 1o g9