Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 6, 1877, Page 4

_ 912.454 torn ,to Laffalo. 4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY. AUGUST 6, 1877 WEEKLY EDITION, POSTTA’ Ope copy, per rene, Cluvol ten: Bpectmen copies rent tree, ‘To prevent delay nnd mistakes, be sure and give Post: Otice addrese in ful, including Btate and County. * Temitiances may be made efther by draft, express, Poat-Oilice order, or In registered letters, at our riek, TKHMS TO CITY SURSCRIBERS, aily, delivered, Bunday excepted, 25 cents per week. ally, delivered, Sunday included, 0 cents per week. Address THE TRINUNE COMPANY, Corner Madiron and Dearborn-sts,. Chicago, M1. Orders for the dolivery of Tux TRinvxe at Evanston. Englewood, and Hye Park left in the countlag-room ‘Will receive prompt attention. “AMUS MeVicker’s Thentre. ‘Madison atreet. between State and Dearborn. ‘Ser. aphine.” Mesdames Meek. Maye, Price, etc.; Messr - ‘Wheelock, Hamilton, Pearson, ate. Hoaley’s Theatre. Randotph street. between Clark and gegement of tha Union-Square Company. * Mesdaines Heron, Jewett, Sylvester, cto.; Mesri O'Nett, Paraciie, Jenalags, etc. Adoinh! Theatre. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn, shtre Lass.” Mesars, DU MONDAY, AUGUST 6, 1877. CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY. The Chicago produco markets were generally father quict Satuntay, Mees pork closed 20c per bel lower, at $13, 4013, for September and 5,50 for Octal Lari ciosed 10c per 100 Ibs lower, at $4.80@8.82%¢ for August and 85.00 for September, Meats were cary, at Be per ® for loose shoullera and Te for do short ribs, Lake fretehta were active and firm, at Uc for Highwines were unchanged, at $1.08 per gallon, Vloar was tame, with less Wheat clased n shade lower, ot $1.11 for August and $1.04%; for September. Corn cloved ke lower, at 47i9¢ for Augnet and 46%c for Eentember, Oats closed steady, at 202{¢ for and 2i¥e for September. Hye closed Sayecash, Barley closed at 68c for new No. 2. neler September. Goga were dull, and tlased 10c lower, at $4.10@5.40. Cattle were quiet and weak, at $2.50@¢0.25, Sheep were in- Active, nt $2.75404.50, One hnndrod dollnes tn geld would bay $105.50 in preenbacks at the close. “The Lance- Meadames Tight, Stone, French, ¢tc.$ Maledell, Weits, ete. SS in New York on Saturday greonbacks were stendy at 913@04}, A monrnfal horror is announsed from Simcoe, Ont. ‘Lhe Poor-House near that town took fire on Saturday night, and sev- + enteen of tha inmates wero burned. to death, and four others badly, Five hundied tons of shells 2re to bo ship- pod immediately by order of tho English Gaverament from the Woolwich Arsonal to “Malta. ‘This sort of mobilization looks very annch like business, ‘Tho insurance companies suffer to tha ex- tont of $6,736,000 by the great firo at St. John, N. B. ‘The English companies are the heaviest losors, their siumro aggregating $4,822,000, against $2,469,000 wy the Cank- dian, and $445,000 by American compunies. Turkish Government officials will now pray for aspecdy termination of this cruol war, An Imporial order has just been ‘xsucd reducing their salaries 40 per cont un:il tho restcration of pence, There {s no feaz of a utrike in consequeuco of the reduction, with bowstrings so haudy and the Bospliorus close by. ‘The Presidant is to give oxtended stten- tion, in his coming measnge, to the questions brought into prominenon by the receut civil disturbances, It is thought that he will avk Congress to crente a Commission to go over tho whole ground and report some skehome for righting the wrongs of tho shipper, car- , tier, capitalist, producer, and hired Inborer, wherever such wrongs may crop out, and whocver may bo tho immediate victim, Tho termination by death of a serics of extraordinary osincidences in life occurred yesterday in thy burial in the satne cemotery on Staten Island of two veterans of tho War of 1812, Jous C. Gannerrson and Cintsto- rurn Vuoos, both aged 00. They had been lifelong neighbors, ‘having been Lorn within 4 few mouths and a few miles of och other; sorvedin the war together, and died and wero buried on the samo day and in the samo inclosure. Gowen, that formidable unemy of strikers, is just now udvising his men to make coal while tho winter of discontent lowers upon aljoining coal districts, and the men aro _ ovidently in tho mvod of taking his advico, inasmuch as Gowex tendorly promises the niost retaliatory manipulation ‘of the coal market in caso they strike, and ho has a reputation for kecping such promises which is peculiarly fatal to the pleadings of tho “ workingwen's advocates" thereabouts, Advices indicate a renewal of activity in Asia Minor, where the Russians, having taken breath after their numerous reverses and retreats, aru preparing for au advance that will severely tost the strength of Muxurau’s availublo forces, which are said to have beew depleted by the embarkation at Batoum of a coluam which will cross the Black Seu to Varna for the reinforcementsot Meuemer Au. A combined attack by Meixory aud Tznoviassorr upon Muxn- rau's flunk and rear, with a view to compel- ling tho retreat of his entire army behind the defenses of Kars, is among the near probabilities in Armenia, “wokingout from uuder the motherly wing of the General Government, and observing the ridiculous inefficiency of State protec. tion where it is dispensed ag it has been in Pennsylvania, the Washington newspapers lists to congrogate at the Capital nation, where the immediate awl aw- could oom above their manufacto> ries, u grateful token of gecurity in trom: Diing tues of riot, when the' thick but flucut voicw of Mr, Eccuxs is heard on every congenial eminence, unfolding the glorions future of the Consolidated aud Banded Hrotherhood for the Regencration of Man- kind, the equal diffusion of labor, and tho joyfal division of propert: ‘Tho thing which Itussie has most to fear ls, that she may be unable to recover the Positions occupied previous to the disasters of the past teu duys before the approach of ‘winter compels a total suspension of army operations in Bulgaria, Such a failure to make good her tremendous lous of position - aud prestige would be equivalent to a Turk- ish victory in this year’s campaign as o whole, and increose enormously the diffcal. tics to be encountered upon tho resumption of operutions in 1874, ‘The ‘Turks will fight with rnewed vigor to bold their ground and keep the Russians in check, while the Czar, perceiving the necessity of a tremen- dons effort, will lenve nothing that is possible undone to render resistless the new scale of operations involred in tho present aspect of affairs, Already the Roumanian Railway is hurrying forward the reserves lately encamp- ed at Kischeneff, freah levies have been made, and itis raid that Gen, Znmrenstan’s corps will evacnate the Dobrudscha and join the contral army by way of Sistova. If the Torks in Bulgaria are not crushed by the force of superior numbers within the next two months, it will bo because the male population of Russia cannot farnish rein+ forcements fast enough to meet the emer- gency. : some measure prepared the public mind for the early suspension of the institution known as the Protection Life-Insurance Company of Chicago, bnt it is to be presumed that no one, excepting those who hava had occasion to getat the inside and bottom facta, has looked foro collapse so complete and an ox- posure so disgraceful as that which ‘is made in our columns this morning. Not all tho combined annals of life-ingurance swindling furnish a bigger bundle of outmngeous frand than that known and alleged concerning tho management of this ghastly trivesty upon the name of “Protection.” ‘We lawa of Illinois, supposed to have been onacted as 8 guard for the interests uf tho insured, have been violated in instances so nomerous and 80 glaring an to moro than suggust the infor- ence that the State Insurance Department has combined with the officors of the Pro- tection Life in the systematic villainy now unfolded. No one can read the history based upon sworn affidavits and well-established facts without wondering that the Auditor .aud his subordinates were able for so many years tokeep their oyes closed. to the truo condition of affairs; it must have required some effort, The charge of inefilciency and neglect of duty in the mildest that tho case admits of, 80 far as concerns the Insuranco Department; while, if the half is tre that has been repeatedly sworn to in affidavits now on file in the courts, there are soveral persons who should be doing -the State serv- ice inan unofficial capacity at the Poniton- tiary, - ‘The Turks are ondeavoring to make what espital they can by assiduously carculating reports of Russian atrocities, The beat proof that theso atrocities aro not committed by Russians is tho fact that the reports como from Torkish sources. Tho Russim armics are accompanied by correspondents of for- eign papers and military obsorvers, :ccredit- ed from the Governments of England, Aus- tria, Germany, and other Powers, nono of whom have yet made any mention in letters or dispatchos of cruelties practiced by tho Russian armics. Such atrocities: as have been committed aro the work of the Pulga- riang, who bear a relation to tho Turks oven more servilo thon our slaves did to their masters before the War, and their cruclties are just such os might have been expected from our slaves had thoy been ' strong and courageous, instead of wenk and timid, ‘The Bulgarians, now that they have the opportunity, turn upon their oppressors aud rend them in re- venge for centuries of oppression, mrrder, rapine, and pillage. They remember that only last year tho Turkish butchers massa. ered 60,000 men, women, and childron in Puillippopolis aud its vicinity, It is only humau, now their turn has come, that they ahould seek revonge.. The Russian army itself is guiltless of any atrocitics. No such eruelty can bo charged against it ninco the war cotmonced ns tho midnight ride of Turkish Bashi-Bazonks, after tho battle of Plevna, slaughtering oll the wounded who wero unable to follow thelr rotronting army, That was s savagery more tlondish even than characterizes North Amorican savages. PROSPECTS OF THE RUSHAN CAMPAIGN, ‘Tho sudden and surprising dofent of the Mussiana at Plovna finds a parallel in the dc- feat of Buunstpe at Frodoricksburg, The Northern campaign, like the Russian, was thrown into confusion, and victory did not perch upon our banners until Hooxen bad been defeated, Mrsne failed to follow up advantages, and Gnaxt came tothe front and ernshed Lzz's army. It may be that tho, Russian army is destined to meet with & sitnilay’ succession of roverses bofore it will | overcome tho ‘lurks, but there is on the other hand a possibility of success which, it is very evident, tho Itussians are now strulning every nerve to Smprove, ‘he general plan of the Russian campalgn hitherto has Leon to mask tho Quadrilateral fortresses and advanco their main army from Sistova, via Plevna, through the Shipka Pass into Roumelia, and thus menace Constantinople. ‘They had secured two of the most important points in this Ine of operations,—Nikopolis, which protectod thelr right wing and gavo them the opportunity of n second bridge, aud tho Shipka Pass, through which 50,000 men had passed to Kazanlik and even be. yond. ‘The fatal error wou that they had not men enough to hold the advantage they had secured. ‘This error thef aro now striving to correct. Their previous line of operations was along tha Kiver Vid. It is now deflected further tothe cast, lying between the Osina and the Jan. tra, tho former of which emptios into the Danubo at Nikopolis and the- latter at Sis tova; Lut is substantially the sano lino, and connects the same objective points, ‘Yo hold this line at all hazards is tho vital con. dition of tho success of the Russian cam. paign, So faras the mere loss of men is concerned, the battle of Plevna is neither here nor there. Its ouly significance lies in the opportunity it nny give the ‘Durkw of concentrating troops coough to break the line, ‘Yo prevent this, the Nusslans are now making colossal efforts. Tho useless Army of the Dobrudseha, which bas been lying idle at Kostendfi, fy to retrace its steps through the marshes, ‘The Turks havo been throwd enough to retire beforo it, knowing it could only go n short distance at best, and that malaria would reduce it faster than Turkish rifles, It caunot cross the Danube except at Braila and Galatz, and therefore must countermarclr through the mud to those points, and, leaving asutiicient guard to defend them, hurry down to Sistova by railroad, With all the expddition shown by the Itussians in this campaign, it is doubiful whether they can asccont- plish this circuit in much less than a’ week, The necessity of haste in all ‘movementy to Sistova is indi- osted by the announcement that the Turkish force hitherto at Widdin ia already at Bul- garenz, within twenty miles of the bridge head. ‘The corps at Rustchuk is already or- dered tc proceed to Sistova. ‘Chis raises the invoutment of that fortress and releases the ‘Turks, but it is a question whetber they aro es dangerous in the open field ax bebind tho formidable wally and carthworks of the Rustchuk defenses, ‘The Russian forces in the vicinity of Shumla, and the small bodies scattered throngh Con- tral and Southern Bulgaria, aro all headed the samo way, Mennwhile tho Shipka Pass, at the other end of the line, has been strongly fortified, and, if the foreo sonth of the Balkans is compelled by Raovr Pasha and Scien Pasha to retirgto it, it can be held until relief comes, or until they are starved out of it, In the utilization of reserve forces thero is the rame activity visi- blo as at the front. The Roumaninn army, which numbers 100,000 men on paper, per- haps 50,000 men in reality, ia still subject to call at any time the Russians desire ita active co-operation. Decrees havo also been issued for the immediate mobilization of the Im- perial Guard or reserve and several other divisions, the larger part of which will join tho army in Bulgaria, anda uknse, dated July 22, ordors a lovy of 188,600 of the Landwehr or militia, It is an important factor in tho aubsistence of the largo army that will cvent- ually be thrown into Bulgaria that the crops in Noumania are very abundant and bread will bo chenp, and that in Bnlgarin, accord- ing to correspondonts of the London Timea, the Turks have not disturbed anything but live stock, which they have driven off into Rou- melia in large numbers, If this great army can bo concentrated in time to save the cen- tral line of Russia operation from brenkage and hold it with suficiont strength so ns to protect the flanks, it can mask not alone the Quadrilateral fortresses, but all of Enstern and Western Inlgarin, and pour its legions through the Shipka Pass into Roumelia. This will compel tho Turks to en- ter Roumelia throngh the eastern and westorn passes, and tmnsfer the war {to that province, with Constantinople ng the object- ive point, The success of the campaign, thorefore, for the present season hinges upon tho ability of the Russians to hold this lino in sufficient strength to allow a swift in- vasion of Roumelia by the newly-reinforced army, and also to make their Asiatic cnam- paign so hot that the Turks canuot with- draw any more troops from that qnarter, The Tnorks havo alt their troops in the field. Tho Russians still have foygen in reserve, Tho interest of the cam. paign aot present, therefore, centres in tho movement of reinforcements towards this line, If the Tarks aro able to concentrate meanwhile in suficient force to mako nnoth- er attack upon tho Russians, tho latter will be fighting upon the defensive and their ns- ssilanta will not have the advantage of for- tresses and intrenchmonts. Under such cir- cumstances, a different story may coma from Bulgaria. A QUESTION OF TAXATION. The Democratic State Convention of Mis- sissippi, among other resolutions, adopted the following: We favor granting such ald as may be extended without violation of the Constitution of the United States or deviating from the usages of the Gavera- ment to the Texas Paciie Railroad, and for re- building and keoping in repair the levees of ths Misslevippt River. ‘Lhe Obio Republican Convention, a fow days after, adopted this resolution: ‘Tnat wo are oppored to any farther grants of puoiic fands, or money aubeldies, or the extension of the public credit of the General Government to ald in the construction of raliroade, And the Ohio Democrats adopted substan. tintly the same resolution, "These rosolutions show how differently the question is viewed by those who are to Lave the money expended for their personal bene- fit and by those who will bo taxed to raise the money, Ohio has no intorost in tho over. flowed lands of the Mississippi, nor in Tost Scott's half-a-iozea baukrupt railroads which he wishes to sell to tho Government, and theroforo objects to being taxed for tho next half century to pay for theso works, Tho two parties in Ohio give expression to the wishes nnd iatercats of the poople of all par. ties in all tho Northorn Statos, as well ag in Maryland,. Virginia, the Carolinas, Goorgia, Alabama, Florida, and tho Paeifla States, In the Washington City 2epublican, tho or. yan of Tox Scorr's various achemes, tho incasure is proseuted on somewhat of a now ground. It says: Without going Into any dincosstorof the causcs of tho prevent derangement of the relations of Jator and capital, there is no diaputing the propos altion that unlews somo meagy ary devised fur yly- ing employment to the surplus labor of the coun try the evila from which we are eaffering will be greatly aggravated. Sound public policy, there- Sore, dictates that Hie nutlon shallat once under- fake all publte soprovemnents which would Increase the rewources of the country by opening new mare kets for our products, and by tringing new areas of land under cnitivation, Inthfyway much of the wealth which has been toot by the nation by strikes and other calamities could soun be regained, It is now no longer merely a question as to whethor It would be wise tu construct tho Southern Puclie Rattroad, and rebuild tho Mlsslesippt leveae, but na to Whether any othe means so effective ‘cun bo found for reileving tho laburars of the country ay by employing them an theee great works, ‘Thle expedient would, it fa teuc, be but a temporary one, butit will givo our statesmen time to study tho Jabor question, and to devise sums meaaures which may prevent in future the recurrence of auch calamities as those which have shocked the nation during the past week, Thera is ovideutly a purpose to uso tho rocont Inbor riote. as a means to commit Con- gross and the nation to thetwogreat schomes of levocing the Aliasiusippi River and baild. ing Scorr’s railroads in ‘lexas, New Mexico, aud Arizona, The United States aro asked to make appropriations along the Mississippi River in tho States of ‘Tennessee, Arkansas, Missisaippl, aud Louisiana, to arrest the over- flows of that river, and improve the value of the lands adjoining tho stream by protecting them against the floods, ‘fhe appropriation 1e not usked to improve navigation, or to supply more water, or to remove obstruc- tions; the trouble is that thore is too much water, which at times spreads beyoud the ordinary bauks in its rush to the ocoan. ‘The “ordinary outlets of the river are not saf- ficient at such times to carry off ‘tho woter ag fast as it rishes down from the north. Ata low estimate it would cost 150,000,000 to lovee the plantations, and the work will have to be renowed at a cout of trom %5,000,000 to"¥$10,000,000 8 year for all time “to come, What .wonld be eccom- plished? It would improve the value of all the river plantations, and enrich tho ‘owners of theso lands, enabling them to raise cropa where thoy can now do so but seldom, Wo do not know of any part of the Constitu. tion, nor of any usage of the Government, authorizing the expenditure of public moncy to improve farms, plantations, or private property, Congress has appropriated money, to improve navigation, but making levees is not improving navigation; itis merely foncing farma; it might bo compared with ditching or drainiag lands, which is done all over the North at the cost of tho ownor of the low land. Under the head of lovoving the river to keep water off the land, might bo classed the @rainage of all the Jow lands along all the rivers in the country. ‘Tho object being to quake land productive which is not now productive, it would be os sppropriate to supply at the public cost a system of ir. rigation to make the vast plains west of the Missouri River fertile and productive by giv- ing them the water they so much need; aud it would bo equally derirable for the Govern- ment to aupply mid apply to all the worn-out Innda of the North and of the South such mannres, imported and domestic, as would make them all productive. The worn-ont and abandoned Innds of tho Southern States, if thoronghly mannred and nursed by s paternal government, wonld Produce catton, tobacco, whent, and corn in admirable abundance, and add largely to the genoral wealth, Indeed, if tho purpose of expending some hundreds of millions of dol- Inrs to levee tho Mississipp! River bo to make furma prodnetive which are not now worked, then Congress might not only pro- vide for a general systom of ditching and draining, and mannring or frrigating of all , the land in the country not noy capable of producing, but it night also omployat hberal wages all the labor necossary to cultivate them after they havo beon restored or put in fcultivable condition. That would largely disposg of tho labor question. Two dollars a day fbr farm hands, and cight hours' work, and the Isbor paid by tho Government! Could there ben more: blissful solution of tho whole trouble ?_ And all proceeding from levecing the Mississippi Rivor ty The Paeiflo Railroad subsidy is o scheme to vote Tox Scorr a couple hundred millions of dollars to enable him to build a railroad which snothor company will build without subsidy if {fet alone; it also is to dnable Scorr to pay for six or more branch roads already built, but which are in debt to a sum equal to twice their value, How is tho giv- ing this money to build this new railroad, and to pay for the old one in Texas, to settle tho labor question? ‘The surplus or uuem- ployed labor is to bo found at the North,—a’ lnrgor part in Scott's own State of Pennsyl- vania, Thorecent strike grew ont of hisins- bilityto pay his Inbor the wages it claime In what way. tho Constitution or the usages of the Governmont authorizes the expend- ituro of public money for these purposes, it isdifficnlt tosny. Certainly, if the Missis- sipp! Democracy will only accept what tho Constitution and tho usages of the Govern- mont permit for loveeing tho Mississippi River and paying for bankrupt railroads, the appropriation ia not likely to be oxcensive, It must be remombered that the Govern- ment has no revenue except from taxation, and to ask tho people of the North to tax themselves threo or four hundred milliona of dollars to pny forimproving farms and plantations along the Mississippi River, and to pay Scorr's railrond debts, is presuming on good nature, We are strongly in favor of “reconciliation,” but on this queation of subsidy and donations ware an ont-ond- out “implacable.” THE SPOILS8-8YSTEM. The opologists for tho Democratic party who ore not willing to incur the disgrace of approving tho spoils-system have been in the habit of repelling the assertion that it was Axpnew Jacusoy who, as President, inau- gurated the mavagement of the clyil service of the United States asa political machine to be ruu in tho intorest of the ruling party. Newspapers like tho Chicago Times, which profess nn advoency of Oivil-Service Reform, but ore atill retained inthe interest of the Democratic party, have adopted the policy of caviling at Presidont. Hares’ efforts to re- store the original rule of permanent tenuro of office during good behavior and appoint. monts based on personal fitness; they hope, by creating tho impression that President Hayes ia not doing all that might bo done, to impross upon thecountry the beliof that somo- thing moroand something battor would be ac- complished under the auspices of the Dem- ocratic party, It may bo as well, under theso circumstances, to recall again the con- spicuous fact in American political history thatit was tho Damocratic party which originated and firat applied tho vicious theory that the spoils belong to tho victors, aud that it was under a succession of Domocratio Presldents that this practice of using the official patronage of the country for party towards took sostrong o hold upon politics as to become tho most glaring abuso and seanilal of our Govorninent, A writer in tho Springfiold Mepudlican brings out this fact pointedly by a historical comparison, During the forty yeara proe- ceeding Jacksoy’s inguguration thero had boon but secenty-secen removals from office, the most of which wero for cause, while An. bnew Jackson removed 230 officials during tho first year, and removed and appointed 2,000 during his firat term. ‘This baro fact ia snficiont warrant for tho assertion that Jacusox inaugurated the rpoils-system, ond his re-clection shows that it was approved by his party, ‘Cho growth of tho syatem uader succeeding Democratle Prosidonts is familiar to many“inen now living, and is attested by its yoneral acceptance as the party rule, Of tho soventy-seven removals which wore made in tho forty yoara preceding Jacxson's term, forty-two, or more than half, were mado by Jervenson, another Democratic Presidont ; it ia fair to romark, howovor, that Jerreason justified this action by the allegation that Apvams had improved tho closing weoks of his torm to appoint personal aud party friends to office for tho purpose of embar. rassing Jerrruson, and the Jattor hold that all such appointments after his election but before his inauguration constitated an un- worrautable Iufringement upon his righta, Of tho other thirty-five removala daring theso forty years there is nothing to show that any wors made for party ends, and it is runsonably to inf@r that all were for cause, which was the rulo of the time, It is palpable that Jacuson revolutionized the civil service, Leaving out Jzvrznson's remoyals for the reasons named, Jackson in one yonr removed nearly eight times as many ofleials as had been disturbed during the preceding forty years, and in four years tho changes ho mado in the public servico Amounted to more than sixty thnes as many as there had been during the provious forty years, No revolution could be more marked, It would be impossible for the transition from tho old rule to the new to be more sud. dou, The date of the inauguration of the spoils-system ig thus fixed definitely at Jack. #on's acoeasion ta power, when he boldly aud succeesfully-announced and applied it as a cardinal principle of the Democratic creed, His departure from the honest manage- ment of the civil service ia further attestod by tho vigorous protests of his contemporaries who wero wise enough to foresee tho disastors that were sure to follow the prostitution of Goverument patronage to party onds, Wepstem noted that the spoils-system had been carried Into fall ope- ration, and has loft his tedtimony that “no worth, publio or private—no garvice, civil or wilitary—-was of power to resist the re- Tentleas greediness of proscription.” Canuouy denounced the usw policy adupted by Jacx- wow as certain to rulse up a host of hungry, greedy, ard subservient partisans, and add. ed: ‘Were a premium offered for the best meaus of extending to the utmost the powor Of patrouage; to destroy the love of coun. try, and to substitute a spirit of subservieucy and man-worship, to encountge vice and dis- conrage virtte; and, ina word, to prepare for tho subversion of liberty and the estab. lishment of despotism, no scheme more per- fect could be devised, and such must be tho tendency of the practice, with whntover in- tention adopted or to whatever extent pur- sued.” This prophecy was cortainly fulfilled to the lettor during the last Presidential campaign, when the Democrats fortho most part boldly acknowledged that thoy wero after tha offices, and when they descended to the moat scandal- ousand viclonsmethods tonatisfy thoir greed._ Tt is this vicious system which President Hares is doiug his utmost to brenk down by personal oxamplo and a strict avoidanco of more partisan inflnence in the selection of officials whero the pnblia service domands that changes ba mado, Prosident. Harzs eame into office with a declared policy, to which probably a majority of the officc- holders wora opposed, or in support of which they would at lonat bo Inkewarm. But, after surrounding himself with advisers favorable té tho purposes for which ho was elected, he has not made personal partisan- ship or active sympathy with his policy a test for either appointing or retaining officials. The number of romovals hava been few, and always suggested by some advantage to the service, but numerous places have been va- eated altogether, Had Mr. Tinpex been clected, what observing man can doubt that there would have been a clean swoop of tho 70,000 or 80,000 officcholders, high and low, new places created for greedy applicant, aud 8 general order issued that nono but Domo- crats should bo placed on guard? A PREPOSTEROUS SCHEME, Tax Citcaco Trincxe, with a keen inelght {nto the avila that are Olling the conntry with untold suffering, Is sounding the key-note in a political Programine formulated, as wo understand it, as follows 1, Repeal of the Reeumption act, 2 Remonetize silver.. [3, And retire gradually theleredeemabie, finctus ating, depreciated greenbacks, and Mil thelr piace with specie-notes,—Ev. J Let Tas Tninuxe go one step further, and make the following the platform, and the Journal will atand by It to the end: 1, Repcal the Resumption act, 2. Kemonetize ailver, 3, Restore the currency of the country to ite ii volume [§{00,000,000), and provide by 4 Inw tlt there shall be no farther contraction of the currency, Let Congrcen do these three things, and again commerce wiil revive.—SpringAeldé Journat, ‘Tre ‘@ivunr. will agree to tako the third step if the Journal will oxplain how tho logat-tender silver dollar conld be made to cirenlate with legal-tendor irredcemablo scrip inflated to $1400,000,000,, Until the Journal ean show how that can be done, it should not ask Tne Trinune to co-operate with it in any such wild, harum-scarum scheme. When tho Journal soys that it ‘has at oll timos had an absolute contempt for the ‘rag- baby’ fools that have flourished and feded into forgetfulness,” and in tho very noxt broath advocates watering an irradeomable ourrency by :310,000,000, and then ‘waiting to grow up to specto-payments,” it talks liko a natural born idiot, As soon aa silver is remonetizod,—that is, mado a full logal-tender dollar, receivable for dutics and all taxes, and payable for in- terest and principal of Governmont honds,— it will necessarily take tha placo of gold at the motallic standard of values, becauso it is leas valneblo than gold. Tho cheaper al- ways supplauta the dearer currency ; this is as true of metalaas of paper, + From the moment the silver dollar be- comes the coin standard of Values, and ex- cludes gold, tho valuo of the greenback will inevitably be measured by silver instead of by yold, nnd, not being redeomable by tho makor (the Government), it will drop down below tho valuo of the silver dollar, just ns it hos always done bolow the value of tho logal-tonder gold dollar, which will thon disappear, except for export as merchandise, Tho brokers and coiu-sp2culators will uot give for tha irredeomablo groonback more in silver than they have been giving for it in gold, after gold ceases to bo the Amoricau coin slandard. Without inflation of tho greenbacks, they would then bo worta Dt to 95 por cent of uilver, so loug as tho balanco of forcign trado continued to ran iv our favor; but, if the groenbacks bo inflated by $10,000,000, as the Journal proposes, their value would decline to 80 or 85 in silver; for, the larger tho quantity of irrodJeomable paper, the less it ia worth: that is tho law that govorna it. As the inflated and irredeemable greenbacks would be at a considerable disconnt, the silver dollar could not circulnte, No matter would no more circulate than gold has done at any time since tho irredeemablo greenback was invented and fusuod, sixtcen years ogo, It would be uttorly uscloss to remonetizo silver if the irredeemablo greonbacks ara to bo inflated and indefluitely retained in circu. lation, Solid coin nevor did, and nover will, circulate side by side with papor promises to pay which sre not paid by the maker, but are left to be shaved as ‘¢stump-tait” by the brokers and spcoulators of Wall street, who Commerce cannot be “revived” by the Journal's foolish proposition. An increaso of irredeemable notow will not ‘cause the manufacturing wheels to “turn,” the “blast-furnaces to be relighted,” the “tramps .to dliaappear,” or any other thetorical flourish to happon. The Jour. nats preposterous schome would simply render the ourrenoy leas stable and more fluctuating, and cast moze doubt on the financial futura; incroase monetary dis. trust, aud deepen lack of confidence; pre- vent absolutely one single honest silver dollar from oiroulating in competition with irredeembbte legal-tonder scrip;, and would postpone indefinitely the restoration of good times and prosperous business, No, Tux Tnrsuyx cannot unite with the Journal in support of any such suicidal folly. The British Parliament, all the London newspapers, and the entiro political com- munity of England have been thrown into a state of commotion over an event that would be regarded ag the most commonplace and matter-of-fact occurreuce in thiscountry, It waa supposed that aclerkiu the Wor Office iad been promoted to the comptrollorship of the stationery (an office yielding consldera- bly more omolument) on account of political services randcred by tho said clerk's father in promoting Drszaxzzs'’s election to Parlin ment. This statement was made by a mem- ber, and, though the House of Commons has @ large Tory majority, a vote of censure upon the ‘Treasury was carried by 166 to 152. ‘The whole affair turned out to be a blunder, for Lord Bracovaraup subsequently oxplein- ed that Mr, Picorr, the father of the pro- moted clork, had really voted against him; that he had kuown tho elder Picorr but slightly ond had never known the younger aot all; and that the sppoint- ment bad becn made out of a half a how many wero coined at the mint, thoy’| fix their fluctuating value from day to day,’ dozen snbordinato clerks rolected becanse he conld not go outside and find a good man forthe salary. Tho circnmst&nce servos to illustrate, howover, the ntter, abhorrence in which tho American spoils-aystem is held in England. It has bean the rule in this coun- try every since Jackson's time to appoint or promote men because af their purtisan sorv- ices, and at tho behest of some Senator or membor of the House whose election has been secured by the active nasistance of the men thoy recommend, Yet, even the sna. picion that this has occonrred in a fingld instance in England was enough to arouse the wholo body politic, and accure a voto of censure in which both partios joined, Tho contemplation of this case can scarcely fail to impress the strong contrast of our grovol- ing and vicioun system. SMALL VS. LARGE COLLEGES, An ingenious writer in the Boston Tran- soript bas Intoly attempted to mal.o ont a caso for the emall Armerican collegoe aa against the large ones.* He maintains that Yale and Harvard are not colleges in the truo sense of the term, but univorsiges, in- asmuch as they undertake to confer degrees in all or several of the departments of hu. man knowledge. They are provided with medical, Inw, theological, and. acientifio schools, and have established post-graduate cources for the prosecution of advanced studior, They have therofore the form of univeraities, however deficient they may be in the essential of university existence; and thoy have so -for cast off the rules and traditions of simple college government that they no longer deserve to be classed with tho primitive institutions, Tho doparture of ‘ato nnd Harvard in tho direction of uni- versity organization is, it should be re- niarked, comparatively recent, Scarccly a decade ago they were colleges of the same order as Princeton, Amberst, Dartmouth, and Willinms, having, it is true, various branch departments, but making the interests of the Acndemical Dopartment su- preme, and its government paramount over allthe others, Now, the Academical De- partment is still tho most important of all ; it is not, as formerly, more important than. all the others together; and its interests fre- quently suffer from tho combined demands of the othors. Tho grouping of several in- stltutions having different aims, different constituencies, differant kirda of discipline and different obstacles to bo overcome, is a8 yet an experiment in this country, the ro- sult of which will be observed with tho’ deepest interest. Just at this point, though the Transcript writer neglecta to say 50, lies tho main distinction between the En- glish and the American universities, Tho former unite several colleges in one corpora- tion, while tho latter treat in the samo man- nora number of professionn! schools, a col. lego, and s post-graduate departmont, The English university is a homoyencous masa, divided into parts simply for convenionos in working ; the American university issplit into {rngments by tho necossities of thought and the nature of things. The inefficioncy of American universities is not to bo accounted for, as the 7'ranscript writer attempts to account for it, by saying that thoy aro ‘still in a transition poriod; their dofects are moro radical, and loss likely to be removed by the unassiatod operation of time. Their mothod is rather that of German universities than that of the English, while the youth they lave to educate nore oven less propared for tho horole treatment of university life than the English youth are. No institutions of learning in tho world save Yale and Harvard proceed on the theory that 500 or 600 boys can be safely and efiiciontly taught near largo cities, and subjected only to the re- straints which aro uaual with grown men, Small colleges labor under obvious disad-, vantagos as compared with the large ones,’ but tho few inyportant advantages the formor possess are not wo often noticed. Thero ia no college in this country so small that the avernge city-bred youth cannot obtalu from it more knowledge than ha cnn conveniontly storonway. The amplo Hbrarics and appa. ratus nnd the learned Professors of Yale and Harvard can ouly be usoful in the full. est degree to tho atudont who is disposod to work hard, and has the strength to with- stand tam; ion, This disposition cannot bo communicated from without. It ought to be part of the boy's constitution befora he enters cellego at all. If itis not, tho candidate should either be put at some con- genial mercantile pursuit, or sent to a col- lego where the temptation to disaipation will bo reduced to the minimum and tho disoi- pling increased toa imum. These insti- tutions are tho smaller collogea of Now England, such as Bowdoin, Dart mouth, Atnhorst, Williams, Brown, Prince. ton in New Jeruoy, Union in New York, and possibly half a dozen more in othor parts of the country, Each of these colleges repre. sents the integral unit of the English unl. vorsity, Oxford, for instance, has nineteen colleges, with an averago attendance of 150 at cach, ‘The teachers, students, and build- ings of each college aro distinct; ‘nud expe- rience has shown that a community of this description is quite large onough for the purpoee of faithful study, The misfortune of the small American colleges is that “thoy aro widely separated, and have not thus far adopted the Engliah system of sustaining courses of lectures by ominent scholars, holding examinations, and conforring do- grees under the direction of a common authority, If this could bo sccomplished, the united American colleges would bo al- most a perfect realization of the English univeralty-cchome. We hope at uo distant day to see the experiment tried, ond per- haps tho mnout encouraging thing about the Tutercolleginte Association iy that it prom. isos to become the entering wedge for a larger reform, ‘The question of small and large colleges is ono of grave import to parcnts who are preparing to send thelr boys away from home, aud who think, with sinking hearts aud dreadful forebodings, of the bright young lives offered up to the mistaken Amor. icau idoa of youthful {odepondence. ‘The home-bred boy who finds hinuelf'at Now Haven or Cambridge, without previous training, the master of self and monoy for tho first tine in hiv life, is subjected toa severe triaL If he pasues it succossfally, he is transformed from boy to man without any intervening period of adolescence; if he fails to pass, he is ruined or get back some years in life, or, at the best, disappointed and upeducated. Thosa who withstand the trial are possibly all the better men for it, but what shall be said of those who fail? After all, the praise or blame must be awarded largely to previous training and in- dividual inclination. The question of small cz, large colleyes is not one that can be decidedoff- hand or ex-cathedra with reference to any theories or principles; it must be viewed always in connection with tho capacity, dis- position, and tastes of the boy whose wel- fro is at heart. Whoever sincerely loves study for its own sako may be trugted to 1) ready while I am telling you, himself and his own instincta to atinin ry noble manhood, and such a one should not have the widest gato of knowledge alut npon him; but whoovor is conventional or ensy. going, whoever prizes the adventitions cir cumstances of wenlth and porition, whoover courts tho applause of his fellows first and that of his conscience afterwards, needs to be tonderly watched, and to Le pinced in the most critical period of his life whero ho will bo pafest, ‘Tho 8.65 inter-exchnngeabla greenback bond scheme, which raged so furiously In ilo among the Democrata for several years, was dropped out of sight at their Inte Stuty Convention. The leaders discovered that the plan would prove, in practice, tobe the worst scheme of contray- tion that ever tas devised. Thoy came at tast totealize that the whole greenback circulation would flow Into 3.65 bonds; that the bends would pasaasan awkward kind of currency, possessing a differcnt value evory day—inercas- ing onecent daily on $100; that nobody woutt send back 3.05 vonds to the Treasury for greene backs whon they could pay a debt with a bond; that as a consequence there would be no cur rency except bonds and subsidiary silver, white the Government would hase to pay many init fons a year Intercat on the 9.058 which would take the place of the greenbacks. Having Analy got their eyes open ns to bow tho thing would work, they incontinently dropped It, asa dog would a hot dumpling, and that fs the rea. son there ts no 305 interchangeable bond plank in the Ohio Democratic platfurm, The Iowa Greenbackers made a ¢imilor dis. covery at their 8tate Convention a fortnight previous, and they, too, dropped the 3.65, luterchangeable bond scheme.. It {s well tho mischicvous character of this specious pian lias at Inat been detected by its advocates before they had committed themsolves too far. It will probably not trouble any fatther with ite ill sive glare. Instead of pure motal, it was only pyrites—a sulpburet of fron, instead of genuine gold, . ————— An exchange relates this incident of the ralt. road rluts in Ohfo: When thoexcltement was at Ita height in Now. ark, O., last weok, a stalwart citizen felt tho ues cesaity of bracing bimself up, ‘The Mayor had or- dered the closing up of alt saloone ond deinking- Places, and the police had enforced the regul: reldiy, Butthere was o back door In Gini bread How, and behind tho bar there was long. range lightning whisky. ‘The stalwart citizen crept in, got bis drink, and beat o retreat. Soon he was overwhelmed with burning sensations In his stom- ach, Something seemed to be blazing there, ani ho burst into a doctor's oftice exclaimings | \* For Gon'a sake pump me out quick." '* What is wrong with you?" inquired the doctor, ** Get the pump Vm burning up fae alde, Hurry, I took a drink down on UIngerbread How, They have puta job upon me. Fant Rela oned.** ‘Pia doctur auddenly Interposed, ** Why, Tamell something burning myself; " snd opening the putient's waletcoat found a hole three inchesin diameter barned In tha shirt-feont. While the stalwart citizen was taking hin drink ho had dropped a cigar-atump betweon hte watatcoat and shirt. ** Didn't yoo amell smoke!" asked doctur, ** You're right, I did; but I thought {t wae coming out of my mouth.'’ a It has been a disputed question whether » carrier-pigeon can fly as fastns a lightuing ox preas-traln, but the question has been decided. in favor of the pigeon. .Tho London Spectator of tho Slat ult. has this account of the race be tween the train and the pigcon: A very curefat experiment—intendod to test the speed of carrier-pigcons—was tried on Friday week, Tho bird, one of the homing pigeons knuwa as ** Belgian voyageure,"’ wos tossed throngh the window of a rallway-carrlage as (he oxpress-traln with the Continental malls loft the Adailralty Per at over. ‘The train had been timed to travel at alxty miles an hour, but tho bird reached itedome 1n Cannon atroct twenty minotes before the (fain. ould only have ahortened the distance by six it bad traveled ot a paco of seventy-five ‘The bird, when released from the arriage, took nearly half a nuinute to dis cover te bearings, tisingtoan altitude of hal: tails bofore it sctof on its courec,—belavihg, In fact, exactly au if it know that by rising in the air MW could eee Ste home in Lonton, ‘the wind was westerly, and the bird carried an urgent communle cation from the French volice, ————<——_ A somewhat acrimonious controversy is going on between tho editors of the Zinus, Journal, ond Jnter-Occan us to which behaved in the bravest manner during the rlots. Each accuses the other of—well, eollcitude, or nervousness bordering on timidity, or words to that effect. The editor of the Times bad the advantage of climbing the highest,—belng in an obscure room in tho ifth gtors, where ho war overlooked by the euitor of the sStaale Zetung from 2 seoventh-story window. The Journal man was intrenched behind tnoffer siveneas, which, Ike innocence and virtue, fur olshes iteown safeguards, The /. 0, U1, how, ever, had a dechied advantage over both of Its badly-acared neighbors; being in the hands of u Keeelyer, it enjoyed the protection of the Court; to touch it would have been not only contenipt- Ible, but contempt of Court; bunco It was let severely alone during the riotweck. The editor could afford to be brave thus protected, a ‘Ten days ago an infurlated Hibernian, named Muncanny Macarruy Maonnis, stopped down the gaug-plank of a Cunard steamer at New York. That afternoon he was engaged on tie Hera'd os @ reporter, aud that ovening sent out to writeup the riots, At 10 p.m. he asked his way pack to the oflice, and began to write up his repoft. Hehad only written the words, A Uving holocaust of Jurid tumult, livid with howls, surged ike u cruel, crawling aca of care nage down East Niuth street,” when antl the acclamatious of the office hoe was promoted to the editorial position at $1,600 aweek. [f ho had becu allowed to finish tho artiele he would prob- ably have been acnt out to superseds StanLere a ‘The more wo think of it the more we admire the exquisite tact of the Sun in putting forward its Communist editor to attack Hunny Wan Bezcuse, The pastor of Plymouth bas been acapltal safety-velve. Instead of going off to burn houses and butcher capitalists, the New York Comuuniats expended thelr blauk carte” ridges of Indignation at 600, 900, and 1,000 yardson Mr. Bszcuen. Lhe Sun had lots of other materials lo rescrve. It was prepared to sacrifice QronGs Francis TRaiN, Deacon Ricut- ap Sautu, “ELL Paaxine,”’ oven tho Count Joaunes himself, upon the ultar of law and order, should i} be necessary to go to euch lengths to divert the murderous mob, ooo The Detroit Jost thinks that Judge Dao: MOND haa been too lenient with the rioters brought before him at Indianapolls and Chive 0; It insisty that two to four mouths’ fucarcess ation iu prison, with fines and costs, fs too Light punishment. We are inclined to belicve that Judge Dauxmonn, with all the facts and cir cuustauces before him, was bettcr ablo to judge what would bea sufliciont puntshment for con tempt of court than even the learned 4nd astute editor of Zactk Cranpixn’y “blood-letting” Danite, The public generally approve of the judgment, notwithstanding they are put tothe palntul necessity of differing with the “ Aycog Ing Angel" of Detroit. a __ One of the disadvantages of }ife In Bt. Louis is found {a the discacbantment which ali the childreo undergo as regards those fablea which form: the delightful delusions of childhood. Frinatance, they were telllug a little boy the other day a lot of fairy stories, and when they came tu speak of the Seven League boots he didn't say, “O, my!” worth a cent, but io the most matter-of-fact manner replicd, “He mush bave had fect like Stasy's.” And Sissy, who is one of the ornaments of soclety, boxed as much of bis ears asshe could tli be saw’ more stars than a clubbed rioter, ——=_—=—_ ‘Tho reportorial idea of respectanility ts ius tratedin an item in. yesterday’s papers‘ TbO deceased had never been indicted for crimes ‘was a member of a varicty of lodges, and be- Jovged to a highly respectable fauily. 1t was lls brother who had been tndicted.” —— Mougap Bay Hatstaap la frisking aboutasif there were no “Gat, Hasiitoxe,” veltber any scalplng-buives, in the world. Tho uvbappy tuau bas been persuaded to unguspicion without @ doubt, but some of these days he will leave bis unguarded bar open to attack, these will be