Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 2, 1877, Page 4

\ THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, AUGUST 2, 1877. 4 Tye Cribane. ERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, BY MAII—IN ADVANCE—POSTAOR PREPAID, Ny Falition, one rear. x Panketia year, pee montis i00 Ri 50 i OE mie seas, 5 Hirwot sear per moni BiH WEEKLY BD! Onecopy, rer res 1.25 Clob of ter B} LOW lob of twe 20.0 ia Thprevent delay and Imietakcs, he sare and give Post- Omce address in full, tneluding State and County. ; ‘be made elther by dratt. express, Meriter ord or oF in Feaintered Vetter. acour risk. RRMA TO CITY SUNSCRIBERS Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted, 2 Dally, delivered, Sunday included, area: THE TRIBU! ‘Corner Madison and Dearborn: Orders tor the delivery of Tux tn FEnele wood, and Hyde Park left in the Wii receive prumpt attenttor Por-Olee 0 Hootry's Thentres DRY Goons. Randolph street, between Clark and Lagatle, En- agement of the Uolon-Square Company. ** Les Dan- fchetta,” Messrs, James, O'Netl, Stoddart, etc.: Mea- dames Fanny Morant, Sara Jawett, Katharine Noz- ere, ete. Adetpht Thentre. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn. Haverly’s Minstrets. Add Ryman, Dilly Rice, Bily Carter, etc. Exponition Bullding. ke Shore. foot of Adams street, Summer-Nieht {val by the Thomas Orenestra, THURSDAY, AUGUST 2, 1877. CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY. ‘The Chicago produce markets were moderately active yesterday. Mess pork closed 20¢ per brl higher. at $13.90@15.321§ eller August and $13.50@13. 5244 for Seplember, Lard ciosed 74@ Ie per 10018 higher, at $8.774%4@8.80 for Auuust and £8.07!;@0,00 for September. Meats were steady, al Sc per for loose shoulders and Ofc for do short ribs. Lake freighta were active and easier, at Sic for corn to Budalo, Mighwines were unchanged, at $1.08 per gallon. Flour was taine, Wheat closed $e blgher, at $1.12%6 for Ausust and $1.00! for September. Corn clueed steady, at 4715c for Angust and 47%¢ for Septem- ver, Oats closed %e lower, at S7!¢e for Angurt and 264¢ for September. Hye closed firm, at Bhize, Barley cloned tame, at (ie for new No, 2 selicr September. Hoga were activo and averaged Digher. closing firm at $4.00 Cattic were dull and weak, with sales at $2.25@6,00, Sheen were inactive, at §2.75@4.00. Ono hundred dol- lore In gold would buy $105.25 in greenbacks at the close, change yesterdny closed at 9£3, During the month of Jnly the national debt, according to the official statement, was reduced $818,004. Had it not been for the railrond strike, the reduction would save been $1,000,000 greater, —— Jndge Drosssronp has gone tol) - anapolis to take chargo of n few more rioters We would cali the attention of the Judge to the caso of one rioter, BlueJeana Wrzzaus, who by his vacillating, pusillanimous policy did imore to encourage the other rioters than any man inthe mob. It might have a bene- ficial effect on Iioter Wruitams to give him four months in jail and a 50 fine, It socms to make some difference which town ainan ia Mayor of, down iu Ponnsyl- vanin. Tho Moyor of Wilkesbarre read tho riot net to tho mob and thoy let a freight train go with blessings and groat rojoiciug, ‘Tho Mayor of Scranton read the riot act to his mob and they broke his jaw with a brick, He bas changed his views on tho subject of accepting the military aid proffered by Gov, Manrranrr, A long-nosed Grand Juror thinks ho has found mismanagement at the County Hos- pital, and be asks an investigation by his brethren of tho pancl, The Grand Juror will do well to be cautions, and select but fow witnesses on which to found his indict ment. Thuso will probably dio suddenly of increased attention, leaving him o small bal- ance on which to ostablish conviction, If he calbs upon all the pationts for their testi- mony beforo the matter gots into court, he will find ho is dependent upon a boggarly array of genteel tombstones whon tho case comos to trial. A very peouliar and somewhat novel ques- tion of Jaw hasarigen in tho United States District Court. Tho Fifth National’ Bank hos brought a suit in foreclosure ogainst tho defendant in which the United States hold a judgment. In order to securo payment or tho mortgage held by the Bank, it is neces- sary to make all judgment agoditors partics defendant, and the question is: Does the rule exompting the sovercignty from suit operate when the sovereignty desconds to tho level of acreditor? The Court has ordered the entering of an appearance on tho part of the Government, and, if default bo permitted, the question will ariso whether judgment can he loyally entered against the United States, —a problem that will involve extensive argu. nent and the eatablishment of an important principle of law. —_——____ One rioter was yesterday held for trial in $1,000 bail by Justice Morrison, and four others in 3500 each, Tho defonses they of- fered were as ridiculous as those presented by tho Peoria gentlemen before Judge Dau. monn. All admitted to tho possession of luths, and one remarked that having been driven away from his work, he somehow, by sn allogether inexplicable accident, got be- tween the polico and the mob, ‘Thero are Keven mora under bonds for their appearanoo before the Justice, but they failed to show up. It ia the duty of the polica to find them and bring them forward without delay, ‘Tho slightest laxity now will be fatal to the ad- ministration of justice, while an example of thoue so far identified will Lave a tmorq galu- tary effect on those who are still sore than alt the blank cartridges ever manufactured, EEE Ono of the most remarkable features of the recent strike was tho secrecy with which it was organized and sprung upon the rail- roads at the East. Neither Col. Score nor Mr. Vanvennicr seom to have been aware of it at all until it was in fall operation. ‘The organizers planned it in secret and set it in anotion without any preliminary conferences with railroad officials, as bas been customary in former strikes, Mr, Vawpgnpit is uo gratified with the amallnumberof hismen who engaged in it—only 500 out of 12,000—that ho has ordered @ division of $100,000 among them, pro rats, as a reward for good be- havior, Had tho fireman, Awxoy, however, hadtho samo opportunities on the Central that he had on tho Baltimore & Ohio and the Pennsylvania roads, Mr. Vaxveusiur might have been compelled to figure how he could make up a very serious deficiency, instead of awarding gratuities to his mon. , The Ohio Republican Convention yester- day nomiuated the Hon, W. H. West for Governor, Fazp Vorcixn for Licutenant- Governor, W. H. Jounson for Supreme Judge, and Grozaz K. Ngun for Attorney- General, The platform of principles em- Lodivs an uncquivocal indorsement of Pregj- dent Harra in his efforts towards pncifica- tion in the Southern States and tho pnrifica- tion of the Civil Service; declares in favor of adouble-coin standard, silver to be a legal- tender for the payment of all debts excopt where otherwiso specially pro. vided by Jaw, and demands the re- monetization and free coinnge of silver; opposes the granting of public lands or snb- sidies to railroads, aud the renownlof patonts that are oppressive to the Inboring classes ; and recommends legislation by Congress looking to a remedy for the grievances com- plained of by railrond employes—such as the establishment of a National Barean of In- dustry, the exercisa by Congress of such authority as shall be necessary to adequately protect tho interests of labor and capital alike, and a provision for statutory arbitra. tion to ndjust controversies and secure justice and equity between employer and omployed. aro in a position as critical as their fellows in Asin. Tho Turks claim o great victory north of the Balkans, in which the Russians suffered very heavily, and thelr advices also indicate that the Russians south of the Bal- kans are hemmed_in between the powerfal forces of Suuem® Pasha and Raotr Pasha, Should this prove true, it would seem to in- dicate that tho Russians have mado precisely the same iniatake in Enropo that they made in Asia; first, in underestimating tho atrongth of the Turks, and second, in s0 di- viding their forces as to weaken thom, A crushing defeat in Enrope at this Inte period of tho season mnat virtually end tho cam- paign and carry it over to next senson, as has Deen the ease in Asin, If may be well, how. evor, to discount the nows somewhat, as it comes from Constantinople and from En- glish Turkophiles, In an interview with a Trinuxe reporter, one of the police force states that no atten- tion was paid to the Mayor's ‘' fire-high ” order. Ho snys that overy policoman bought two boxes of cartridges, paid for them him- self, nnd fired low. Following this assertion to its logical conclusion, it becomes matho- matically manifest that the policeman is correct in his assertion, Thoro wero about 200 of the forco cugaged in the riot. Given each man two boxes, at forty each, and we “find he had eighty bullote, which, st ono ounce apiece, would give every policeman five pounds of lead, or a total of 1,000 pounds of metal discharged at the mob. Battle. ficld statistics show that it takes n man's weight in bullets to kill him: and, assuming the average weight of tho rioters to bo 140 pounds,—a fair assumption, considering its material,—wo divide the 1,000 pounds of lend by the 140 pounds of riotar, and find the rosult of injury to be soven and one-seventh poople, or seven men killed and a boy wound- ed in the leg, which tallies exactly with the police reporta, Thns do policemen and fig- ‘ures corroborate each oth ‘The most pusillanimnous and contemptible individunt who has thus far put in an Ap. poarance in connection with the railroad strike is tho buttornut-brecchod Governor of Indiana, After nearly two wecks of inter- vuption of railrond travel in that State, ho jas at Inst decided to sond two companies of militia to Fort Wayne, During thjg atrike, the only ronds in Indiaua that have been ablo to operate at atl aro the bankrupt onea in the hands of United States Receivers, ‘The solvent roads have been prevonted from transporting cither freight or passengera by the contemptible indifference of this sympa- thizer with riots ond violation of the laws which ho was aworn to execute. Tor the aka of making himself politically popular with tho mob, bo has deliberately arrested inter-State trade and prevented tho products of Illinois, Iowa, Minnegotn, and Wisconsin from passing through Indiana, Morally ho is aa guilty ng the men who with his on- couragemont and sympathy have uncoupled cars, driven off freinen nnd enginecrs, and prevouted the trains from moving. ‘Tho peo- ple of Indiana, who are honost and law-ubid- ing, should remember this and act upon it at tho first opportunity by hurling him from the office which ho has disgraced and from the trusts to which ho has proved recreant, Unless money ightway subscribed, tho institution known os the Floating Hos- pital must be abandoned, and hundreds of suffering infants deprived of tho benefits ‘thoy have dorived from the tendor charity, For three summers tho Hospital haa extend- ed its welcome to the babies of Chicago, and has afforded them more relief thanthe whole materia medica ood bulf the doctors, Easy of access, and offering to classes unuble to aid thomselves opportunities to securo for their children tho ftesh air of tho Lake and attention they would nover have received at home, the Houpital hasbeen a blessing to the innoconts of poorer parentage, and there aro hundreds of babies in the city to-day who owe thoir lives ond health to this happily- conceived institution, The Association which established it has watched it and nursed it carefully, The utmost caution has been used in the disposition of funds subscribed for the carrying out of the project. But now tho trensury is empty, and unless tho moro wealthy citizens shall coma tothe rescue, this beautiful charity must dio, During tho oxcitement of the riots the colloction of money was ontiroly suspended, and now tho Association finds itself in need of about $700 to keep tho Hospital up during the month of August. There have beon great displays of public aptrit ainco the riots, and monoy has been frecly offered for groat purposes, and it is not asking too much of the generous spirits of Chicago when the appeal is made fora small sum that will alleviate tho suffering of many o little baby, and avert the anguish threatoned by the abaudoament of the in- stitution, EEE We drew attention at the time to a pro- tracted session of tho British Parliament a couple of weeks ago, when a handful of ob- structionists (mostly of the Irish Home- Rulers) succeeded in draggingout the session (ill 8 o'clock the following morning, and thus defested the passago of the Vol- unteer Appropriation bill, though it hod @ clear majority of more than 100 votes in favor of it, ‘The Government Secretaries then contented themselves with reading the obstructionists a lecture, but announced that no scheme would be proposed during the present term for the prevention of a similar blockade of legislation. But tho lecture did not have the salutary effect that was ex- pected from it, and Messra, Pazxert, Bicoas, and O'Donxxty have been at work again to preveut in the same manner the passage of the South Africa Confederation bill, The present case is still more aggra- vating, as the Liberals are said to support the Government in this measure. So the policy of obstruction has been adopted evidently as a menace of the Home-Rulers to prevent all legislation until Parliament consents to hear them on their hobby of a separate and inde. pendent Tegislaturo for Ireland. These three or four men are able to hold the entire British Parliamont by tho throat, just as a few atrikers in this conntry have heen holding down and trampling upon great communities. The Government and Liberal partics being united in favor of the pending mensnre, an effort has been made to wear out the small number of ob- structionists by the occnsional retirement of aunmber of members for rest who anbse- quently return to relieve ay mauy more. Batit is a farco that important legislation should thus bo made to hinge upon mere physical endurance; and the sooner the British Parliament agrees npon aome perma- nent check upon deliberate obstriction,— such as the previots-question” rule which obtains in the American. House of Repre- rentativer,—tho more creditablo it will bo to British senso. ee JUDGE DRUMMOND'S DECISION. Altogether the most nsefal corrective of tho false principles nnd abuses of the rnil- rom astriko has been furnished by Judge Davsruonp in his decision committing a nun. ber of tho Peoria rioters for contempt. Tho mien brought before him had been engaged with others in obstructing the ‘Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Railroad, arresting both freight and passengor trains, uncoupling cars, hold- ing revolvers at the heads of engiucers, in- timidating tho conductors, and violontly and Inwiessly impeding the ordinary transaction of business, ‘This road is in the hands of a Receiver, appointed by and an officer of tho United States Court, and the atinck on the road was an attack on the authority of the United States which held it in trust. The strikers were in more serions busivess than they apprehonded, as they have now discover. ed by a fine of S50each with costs, aud an im- prisoument of four months for tho ringleader and two months each for the others, This is practical instruction in a lesson which it is high timo for utrikers to learn, viz: that it is acrimo against the law to drive men from the peacoful pursuit of their avoca- tions, and to forcibly interrupt the prosecu- tion of business, Judge Davsonn has set 6 precedent for tho action of tho United States Courts in such cases, and tho country needs that tho State Courts shall speedily follow in a similar construction of tho law, * There are sevoral points in the review of the case before Judge Davsmonp which may be impressed with value upon all who have been concerned in the recent railroad strike, In the first place, tho law is eo cloar that Jndge Dnowonp found no occasion to dis. -onss it. Ho simply pronounced it unlawful and criminal to tramplo upon the rights of Insbor by violently intorforing with those at work, because the toleration of such violont interference would put oan end to all peaceful relations of life. This is the fundamental princ{plo which should undorlie all the decisions that grow out of tho recent railway strike. In this State we have a specia! statute applying it specifically to tho operation of tho railroads, but whero nosuch statute oxists the rule of. law laid down Ly Judge Dnoscuonp is so broad and clear, aud the convorse would ba s0 antago. nistic to reason nnd justice, that the reault should be tho same. Wherever thoro bas been a flagrant attack on the penageful and regular ruuning of railroad trains ‘by vio- lenco or intimidation, thoso who have mado the attack should be severely punished, as the quickest ond surest means of toaching the whole community of workingmen that the rights of labor do not include tho right to atop labor. Another point clearly mado in Jndgo Davsionn's decision, and insisted upon by ‘Tux Tumone ever sinco the inauguration of the strike, is that the obatruction of the rail- roads is not merely tho violent interruption of a business prosecuted for private profit, but a blow struck nt tho public, ‘Tho suc. cessful stoppage of tho railroad business of the country implies the goneral susponsion of commerce and the prostration of all business and indastry. This is no. longer a theory ; the recont strike has demonstrated it, ‘Lha producer ia cut off from the aalo of his commodities; the manufacturer is forced to shut off his steam-power and clog tho wheela of Lis machinery; tho oporatives of factorica aro thrown out of employment; the cousumers ore suddenly deprived of the suppliea on which they live; familios that are separated are prevented from rouniting. ‘Tho biow is aimed at al! tho most sacred re- lations of socioty, Government itself dogs notescapo, ‘The transportation of the mails is practically prohibited. As Judge Daumaanxp pointed out, tho rallronds contracted with the Government to carry its mails on tho reg- ular passonger-traing; when the railroads are prevented by mob violence from running these passonger-traing, they cannot be ox- pected to incur tho extraordinary expense of running the mail-ears alone, even with the benign permission of the mob, Thus not one of tho relations of organized socioty is safo if the courts and anthorities admit that any set of mon may with impunity, at any time or on any account, dictate tho suspen- sion of the railroad trafic, Perhaps the moat pointed illustration of the utter inconsistency of tho attitude as- sumed by tho strikers is to be found in tho fact that the Receiver, who ix the chief of. ticer of a railroad whilo it is in the hands of tho United States Court, cannot make avy important change in the management of his trust—such as tho suspension of trains, for instanco— without first sccuring tho sanction of the Court, Yet while the chief executive of the road ig thus bound down, the most obscura subordinates like firemen and brakemen as. gume to dictate the entire stoppage of busi. ness, and threaten death and destruction if their behest is not obeyed. Thisproposition would be ridiculous if it wero not so out: rageous, In the case of the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Road, indeed, it was not even tho employes who undertook to stop tho trains, ‘The officers of the road testify that their employes were willing to go on working as usual; aud of all those arrested and brought before Judge Daussutonp, not one was act- ually in the employ of the road at the time the trains were stopped, and only two had ever been omployed, Wo have no doubt that this was mnore or less the case throughout the coun- try, and that many of those who have been ‘most conspicuous in the attack on the rail. roads wore elther mon who had boun pre. viously discharged or vicious characters who improved the occasion of a bona fide strike in certain quarters to briug on disturbances in which they might possibly gain by plun- der or the misfortune of others. ‘The law has now been clearly defined by an eminent jurist whose construction of lew is rarely called in question. It now remains for the ‘railway officials and publio authori- Hes to exercise vigilance in apprehending and arresting the ringleaders of the late inobs engaged in obstructing trains, and for the Courts to mete ont sentences commensurate with the aggravated charactor of the offunse and the enormity 0% the lors to the country. It is only in this way that the public can bo protected frow future attempts of the same lawless nature, THE EIGS(1-HOUR “REMEDY FOR HARD TIMES, No disturbance of the relations between employers and employes over occurs but that the lat.or-quacka como forward with the ight-hour nostram. One would think it inight have been suppressed on this occasion, when the striking railroad employes work not by the hour or day, but by tho trip; when tho demand is for an increase of pay; and when tho chief complaint seems to be that not enough work is furnished to those employes to enable them to earn a good liv. ing. Brat it is notorions that quacks have usnally otro remedy which cures all discnses, and so tho oight-hour theorists apply theirs, Tho theory itself is ns ridiculous as its ap- Plication is proposterousin this particular cane, ‘Tre system of Inbor is divided occord- ing to its exigencies and its product. Tho farmers, who comprise nearly one-half the population of the United States, work by the sun ond the demands of their farms, In winter their day is shertened to six hours and less at times; in summer it Is extended to twelve hours and more at times. In many mannfacturing pursuits the necessity for using steam machinery frequently suggests employment by day and night, and men work by tho :piece, or in sets during an agreed number of hours. In the transportation business tho work is dono by the trip, which is longer or stiorter, more or less froqnent, according to arrangement. So the eight-hour Jnw in any caso could apply to only o small part of the industries of the country, But suppor. the theory of ten hours’ pay for cight ‘hours’ work wore tried in ond State (somo of the eight-hour ad. voecates are demanding twelva hours’ pay) or in one comatry,—for international legisla- tion is out off the question, Then the em- Pployers nnd {armers would havo to got 25 per cent moro for their products than they got now, in order to maintain the present ratio of investmezit and remuneration. The wages would remain ns they ore, but the labor would produzo only eight-tenths what it now produces ; than the price of the product must be incrensed 25 por cent to yield the samo results as be:‘ore, If a single employer trios this against ‘nis compotitors in business, or if the employers of any ono city or country try it against the competition of other cities and other countries, failure is foreordained, Tho short product uf the eight-hour labor must ‘be sold for the sama as that of the larger product of tho ten-hour labor, or not nt all. ‘Tho rest is that the omployer must relapso into bankruptey and the employs into starva- tion. But suppose the eight-hour syatem could be mado universal. ‘Lho house built on the eight-hour plan world, reprosent 25 per cont Inrgor coit, and require a largor rent in pro- portion to pay interast on the increnacd in- vestmont. Tho coal mined on the eight-hour plan wou'd represer.t 26 por cent larger cost to tho owner and 25 per cent larger price to the consuner, The workingman’sfuel would cost him ‘25 pes: cent moro than it does, The clothes and shoes made on the cight-hour plan would. rey resent a larger cost in propor- tion to the incr eased exponse of mannfactur- ing ond producing thein, and would therefore soll to tho consuming public, including the trades-union ch rises, that much more dearly, With the prica. of everything enhanced as muchas the hcurs wero reduced, and per- hapqa good dued more, wherein would the eight-hour work ing classes be better off than thoy are now? ‘Cho cost of thoir living would be incroas ed, while thoy woul? not ro- ceive any more jay than they receive now, If the cost af living wore increased 26 per cont, thelr present wages would fall that mueh short. If, os thoy claim, they ro just able to live now on their pat, thoy would be 25 por cent worso off uitder tho new condition of things, The conrstry can only havo what it produces, and if labor produces less thera will be loss to divide oll round, and conse- quently more povosty and want, ‘Tho bare problem of livelihood is a very simplo one. ‘The prodact in every case is represented by a joint investment of capital and lebor, Shorten up eithor, and the prod- uct falls off, When tk:o product falls off, thore is loss per capita thad there was be- fore, If all the world vrorks cight hours, it must live upon less tchot if it works ton hours, because there {s less to live upon, ‘The rule applies to os pitalist and laboror alike, Jt is tho look ot! intolligence—igno- ranco—that causes anybody to suppose that the leas people work the moro they will pro. duce and tho richer they will become, OHIO DEMOCRATS ANI’ THE CURRENCY. ‘The juteryantion of the strike has divert. ed attention from tho action of the Demo- cratic State Convention which mot in Ohio lost week and perpetrated soma extraordi- nary absurdities, both in the way of candi. dates and in declaration of platform, The Convention was evidently exceadingly mud. diod. It nominated for Govenor a Mr. Buszop, who nover voted a Demo cratio ticket in his life. The resolutions were very com. plicated and indefnita, as will bo seen from those relating to the silver ‘aiid currency question, ‘Tho first of thego roa¢ is; Fourth—That we denounce as an outrage upon the rightsof the people the enactmetit of the Re- publican measure demonettzing eilver,, and demand the passage of slaw which shall rea\gra toallver its monetary power, ‘Tho dishonesty of this resolution is appar- ent, but it does not seom to have deterred the Convention from adopting it unanimous. Jy. When that bill passod Congreas the Democratic party had 100 members in tho Honso and twenty members in the Senato, ‘but not one of them opposed the bill or oven called attention to it, ‘The }Jemocrats voted for the bill in both Houses, nd had ary one of them denounced the “ outrage” then the Dill would have been instant'ty killed. The passage of that act was in no sense a Repub- Jican measure, and at this time many of the Democratic leadera aud presses at the East and many at the West are opposing any re- monetization of silver. Tho ‘+ outrage "has no more vehement champion and defender than the Democratic organ in this city, FUfth—That we favor tha reten ton of the gree! back currency as the best paper money we hai ever bad, and declare against any further contrac- ton. ‘This resolution is peculiraly represents- tive of Ohio Democracy. The greenbacks have been in circulation fifteen years, and during that time have fluctuated between 05 and 45 cents on the dollar. ‘They have never been worth the dollar they profess to be. ‘They have never had the same value three days in succession, and Lave frequently changed as often astentimesin adsy. If this currency is still at # dicow it and sub- ject to all the fluctuations of the gold mar- ket, ought it not to be improvel? Should it not be made better? If wo wo to retain it, why not improve it so rat make the dollar worth 100 conts instemdof 95? Tho, declaration against contraction in all very well, but if wo can improve the general cur. rency without contraction, why not do so Tho resolution isa blind, The Democracy of Ohio have confessed the fallacy of an unlimited issuo of irredeemnblo greenbacks, bnt to retnin tho conntenance of the few Iunatics who still adhero to that policy they offer this resolution, dropping, so far as they are concerned, any further open indorsement of the scheme, be sid to have been the best paper money the country has ever had. Tho country once had United States Bank notes, which were alwaya at par and always redecmabtle, before the War had an admirable bank eur- rency. Before and at the opening of the War there wasn bank currency in Now England and in Now York and in othor States which maintained its credit and was always redeem- ablo. nish a por currency until they woro legislated out of existence, has nover been at pnrcan be mado better, The greenbacks can hardly Ohio Many of these banks continued to fur- Certainly a enrroncy that and if it is to bo retained it should bo made better. Ninth-We favor the fesne by tho Gencral Gov- ernment alone of all circulating medium, whether paper or metallic, tobe always legal-tender and interconrertible. ‘This resolution is n curiosity. What docs it moan? All Government enrrency should be legal-tender, the paper and tho metallic money should bo “interconvertible,”"—that is, coach should be exchangeable for the other, But docs tho resolution incan that? Tho Government has no right too monopoly of coining gold or silver, coinage in these metnis from the foundation of the Government. woys had the right to tnke his gold ond miver to the mint, and receive thercfor an equivalent in woight of cvin, still exists in this country, so far ns gold is concerned, and existed with regard to the silver dollar until tho Intter was abolished. ‘The business of the Government begins aud onds in defining what weight of motal shall constitute the dollar, aud into coining the metal into picees of the legal weight and fluonoss. Tho stamp means nothing but We have had free Tho citizen has al- This right that the picce is of tho legal Qnenoss and the legal number of grains in weight. ; It ino dangerous powor to leave to any Government to control the amount of money which shell boin circulation, so ns to produce a famine or bn inflation in tho intoreat of nny persons. Free coinage, therefore, isa privilege which tho country will never consent to have taken away. Tho theory of Nmiting the coinage of gold or silver belongs to tho pr fernnl system; it rests on the iden that if people wero allowed to convert their silver and gold into coin thoy would do themselves harm, would Lave moro coin than thoy could tako care of, aud would actually molt up their spoons and teapots, and rogort to plated ware, Thoro is in this resolution perhaps o latent meaning that the National Banks should be abolished, If the resolu. tion’ was intended to mean this, 5 moro open avowal of the purpose was avoided, per- haps, out of respect for tho feelings of the candidate nominated for Governor, who is the President of a National Bank. ‘Tho Con- vention was ovidontly embarrassed what to say or do on any subject, so it undertook to havon platform in which it would say nothing, ond very nearly accomplishod that result, ‘Taken aaa whole, tho Ohio Damo- cratic platform is a weak and sickly spocimen of political literature, DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, A correspondont of ‘Tne Tarnuny, discusa- ing tho labor question, says : A company with one hundred men in thelr em- ployment whose buinesa declined to the point of full work for but Atty, and thus forced them to discharge one-half, would retain the remainder eatlafled and propsoly ready to divide their whole loaves with leas fortunate fellows, ana earn therc- hy their gratefal acknowledgment, In any dato,’ those retalned would bo a check to insubordination on the part of thoee discharzod through neceseity, while they, in all probability, realizing that thelr discharge was ttnayoltable, would doubtless hola off ike other unemployed, hoping for better times, To the companies the result would have been the aame; thero would have beau an equal amount of money put In clrculation for the yeneral beneft, and the Communist would havo lod no plea on which to stir up tho active claes to wtrike. There is no hardor problem to solve in connection with the labor question than the duty of the omploycr with reference to hix employes whon business falls off so that ho cannot pay good wages. Whatever way ho may turn to accommodate himself to hia cir- cumstances, his men grow discontented. Augry discussions arise if he reduces tho wages of tho wholo, and equally angry dis- cussions if he discharges tho men whom ho docs not need; and tho result in both cases is usually o atrike, and somotimes a mob, Suppose that in flush times he is employing 100 men at good wages, The times grow hard, Business falls off, ordera cease to come in, and prices fall. If he con- tinues paying the old wages to his full number of men, he must go into bankruptcy. His employos have families to support, They aro valuable and experienced workmen. He does not like to discharge them and wait for better times, so ho says to them: ‘Thero {is not work enough for you all on fail time, but you may stay and work on half time, half of you alternating with the other half." Sapposing the men agree to work on short time ond small wages, what is the regult in the majority of ciroum- stances? Ho soon finds he has an extnb. liahmeont full of discontented workmon, They gradually grow disaffected, and their ears aro always open to tho sophistries and delusions of Communlstic demagogues, At last they actually believe that the employer is responsible for the hard times and small wages, and they strike. Idlencas breeds mischiof, His workmen, before thoy know it, are leagned with Communists and vaga- bonds, take the law into their own hands, and, with the vain hopa of relieving them. selves and obtaining what the Communists call their ‘rights," commence to destroy their employer’s property. This is the result of trying to keep allhis men employed. And yet what better solution can he make of this hard problem? Will some of these quid- nunes, who write and talk so glibly of work. ingmen's sights, answer? ‘The question of wages is not involved in this problem. Suppose that the employer's orders for goods only warrant him in paying @1 per day to biv hundred men, Shall he spend it upon fifty, seventy-five, or one hundred men? Shall he employ the whole hufidred at $1 perday, or discharge fifty and give the remainder §2, or dischargo twenty-five and give the others 81.257 If he discharges one-half, the other half are left out in the cold, to subsist upon charity, and he is charged with being hard-hearted aud brutal, although he has fifty contented men working for fair wages. If he lets go twenty- five, the remaining seventy-five soon get demoralized, and upon very alight provo- cation are ready to strike to have their wages restored to tho old standard. If hé keeps all his men and pays them only what he can afford, which msy be less than they can live upon, the Commuuists capture the whole of them and speedily they are congregated into | of beer, which would give the 5,000 other © ith. mobs and engaged in destroying life and Property, violating all Inwa, and bringing additional miacry upon themselves, These questions come home to employers, and they are trying to solve them, ‘The omployes too often embarrass instead of helping them in the nolution, When they turn to them and nek what they slall do, they nro answered with the suggestion to keep tho whole hun- dred anid increase their wages, without. any rogard to the fact that this must inevitably land tha employer in bankrnptcy. ‘Reduce tho honrs of labor to oight, and increase wages 20 per cont,” shrick the 8t, Louis Communists and professional strikers in other places, regardless of tho fact that this adds 60 per cent to tho cost of the prod- uct of n day's Inbor and ontails that much additional loss to the employer. When tho employer replies that he has only work for fifty mon and asks how ho is to pay a hon- dred men under such circumstances, he is met with the taunt, ‘That is your business, not ours.” If he says ho can't pay them, then ho is monaced with the reply, You are a capitalist and we will make you," and straightway, os if to enforce the thrent, wo hen of propositions from certain trades. unions that workingmon must arm them. elves. Tho leaders of tho workingmen) in- stend of uttering meuacer, and threatening violence, and. placing themsaclves in antago- nism to tho laws, would do themselves and their employers a more substautial servico if thoy would oid the Intter in solving the “vexed question how to pay ona hundred men when thoy have only work for fifty. EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN. Tho report of the British Eduention De- partment, recontly sulimitted to Parhament, shows the growth of the now school-system ina strong light. During the year proceeding the report the numbor of elementary schvols in England and Wales had been increased by 1,056, making a total of 14,273, Accomumo- dation is now afforded for 3,426,000 chitdren, or for 280,000 moro than Inst year, The Education vote for the current yeor was $9.560,000,—an incronio of $1,018,870 on the ostimato of Inst yonr. In ordor to ap- precinte the full import of these figures, it is necessary to recall the fact that tho present school-system of Gréat Britain, so far as olomentary education is concerned, daten back only to 1870. In that yonr an act of Parliament was passed directing that “ there shall bo ostablishod in every school district a suficiont omount of accommodation in public elementary schools available for ail tho children resident in such district, for whoso elomentary odu- cation efficient and suitable provision is not othorwiso meade.” By the samo act froe tuition is furnished childron whose pn- routs nro unable to pay, and the expenses ore discharged out of the local rates. School Boards aro also established, ond ompowered to compel tho attendance at school, during acertain portion of the year, of all children between the ages of 6 and 13 yoars, In con- sequonco of this act, and the rigid measures taken under it, tho avorago number of chil. dren in nttendanco in the elementary schools of Gront Britain bas increased from 1,265,- 083 in 1870 to 2,034,481 in Y67¢, ond tho commodations were enlarged from 1,950,641 in 1870 to 3,426,000 iu 1876. Thus the growth in tho six years was about 85 por cont. Tho \berality of Parlinamont has increased in a corrosponding ratio. Ia 1870 the Parliamentary granta for pub. lio primary schools in England and Wales amounted to $4,573,005, and for tho current yoar, ag alrendy stated, to $9,550,000, or more than twice os much aa six yoara ngo, Since 1870, 1,600 Board schools and 5,000 voluntary schools havo becn established, eccommodating in all 1,100,000 children, In tho same poriod $9%,- 000,000 havo beon expended on schools by the country, —$22,000,000 by Boards, $65,- 000,000 by voluntary effort, and $8,000,000 by Government. ‘The figures givon above are oxclusive of Scotland and Irolond, and the population thus provided for, including only England and Wales, is scarcely mora than 22,500,000, Tho school accommodations of England and Walos, therefore, compare favorably with thoso of the United States, whore, with o population of about 40,000,000, the avornge daily attendance is reported by the Commis- sioner of Education at 4,215,380. Great Britain has beon making greator atrides than the United States of Iste years in the way of providing on elementary education for the massos, aud if the rato of progress in both countries does not soon change wo shall soon be ontstripped by the conservative inatitutions of Old England. The Mother Country, of courao, has the ad- vantago in tho optional and partial system of compulsory education, which has been mora largely put in practico thero than with us, ‘Tho statesmen of England have bad reason to appreciate of late yenra the necessity for making & common-school education the con- ition and basis of an extended suffrage, and perhaps thosooinl disturbances through which our country has just passod may not eventu. ally be without their effect in making the common-school syatem even moro efficient than it ia at present, ‘The Philadelphia Times (Ind. Dem.) makes an observation for the benefit of the Democratic Bourbons who Inalsted on breaking up the Arbi- tration Tribunal and declaring Titpen clected, and then proceed to seat him by force, It anys: Imagine the present. condition of the country ten times intensified in disorder, and you will bave a faint conception of the tenult of ging to war on the question of succession tu the Presidency rather than submit ft to wn arbitration under Jegal forne, Now there la riot and tumult in @ score or more of manufacturing towns and railroad centres, Then Were would have been war in every cit Maze, and rural neighborhood where there are two poilti- cal partion, After awhile this country would begin to prize the hoon of peace aud be vwhiing to make anyYhonorable wactidce to preserve It, Many who never did sv before are ready to thank Gop for 1h pesceful if 1 equitable adjustment of the electoral trou! The Commuulsts are distributing through the city acireular, of which this is a copy: A Notics to Att tuat Emptor Mstr,—The del- egates of all trades at a joiut inceting agreed upon the following demi which ute lala before you to receive your co! nd signature; 41) That the hours of labor be reduced to eight. (2) That an advance of 20 per ceat bo made in wages. Tt will be seen that this demand sdyances a stepon the former one of ten hours’ pay for eight hours’ work. The present demand ts twelve hours’ pay for cight hours’ work. They want two hours’ pay before they begin work to the forenoon, and two hours' pay after they quit work in thoafteruoon. a Hunuy Waup Bexcuge bas got into a lively Agbt with trades-unlunism. He savs be would, asachoico of evils, rather be swallowod by au ausconda—mesuing @ monopoly—than stung to cath by 500 viperse—meaning Communism. a ‘The Jnter-Ocean now takes great credit toltsclf in announcing that the riot could not be put down. I¢ seems tu appreciate the vitality of an. organized attempt to beat honest peopte out of thelr hard earnings. a “Citizen” Pansons threatens # sult sgainst ‘Tus Tenens for $10,000, which—when he gets it—he will divide among the other “citizens” of the Commune. He will purchase 200,000 glasses zens" torty glasses each, or tive glasees per diem for eight days. Here's luek to * Citizen 9 Pansoxs. er Recollecting that Col. Freo Graxt soundly thrashed a reporter not lunyage, the /ater-Ocean hastens to apolceize ioran ohnoxtous paragraph retle:ting ow the gallant Culonei’s attention to hie duty. OMclala are wondering what became of the dend rioters. Perhaps those high shots blew them straight into Heaven. Fire low, next titne, and they'll go where they belong, 1 —— As the princiots of the Commune Is divistun, fuppose the authoritles compel it to share in ‘the division of the expense to which St tas put the country, ae ‘ Will Vax Patten ond Parsons kindly inform the public through their paper, tho F’reebooter, how tho “Workingmen’s party"? will vote for Mayor? The Justices before whom the Chicago rioters are to be tried will please ponder atudiously over Judge Drumxonp's deciston. | Tt may he that the Council canutllize the fines collected from convicted rioters to pay for tha increase of the police force. | Will the Justices before whom the roters arq to be tried remember that Loncat people Lave votes Lo cast t a ‘oD holds a life office, and can. ecquently is not dependent on the votes of rlotera, It is doubtful if Ald. Dazy will be re-elected He was honest in hia intention to put down the mob, —— Thero were more than clght in the Peorts mob. Bring along the reat. pear bees eae ‘Tho cavalry charge sent most of them to Cale vary Cemetery, St The Toledo, Icorla & Warsaw ts running, PERSONAL, Tho Rev, Justin D. Fulton, of Brooklyn, holds that the Grangera are uot responsible for the strike, ‘Kho St, Lonis (lobe discredits the statis. Ucs of the Chicago Public Library an recently pab- lished by Mr. Poule. Prof, Isaac W. Jackson, who died Sundny, Was for fifty-one yearsa Professor in Union Col- lege, and the author of many text Looks on optics, conic-sectlons, mechanics, and trigonometry. George W. Peck, editor of the Auburn Advertiser, committed snictde Sunday, Me bag ‘been at the bead of the paper since 1844, Heen- Joyed the confidence and {rendatlp uf Mr. Seward in an unnsual degree, Tho dramatization of “That Lasa of Lowrto's * has been placed on (ho etage at Liver. pool, with Kose Leclereq ae Juiz, and ls praised a9 adding **u vivid and maasive flgure to the heroines of the modern drama." Schwab, the New York Commnnist, is the son of a red-handed Vionna rioter, and bie Rand: father waa Imprleoned for eighteen years, in tho rovolutionary times of tho Inst century, for burn- ing and destroying property. R. M. Bishop, tho Democratio candidate for Governor of Ohio, was elected sMayor of Cin- cinnatl in 1854 s¢.a Know-Nothing, in Opposition fo tho regular Democratic nomince. Ile can't make aspevch, but he has nioncy, which he fa ox- pected to upend freely. Barnum, in his London lecturo, said that the proper reading of one of Sbakepeare’s most beautiful paseages was: There ia diviole; it ah Tough how tei sa waunges oor eds But tho misauthropo's rendering was: ‘There aa diviulty thatal few tein aa we mays ee UF ends rough, | “Uso gront prudence and circumspoction in choostug thy wife," aad Lord Burleigh to bis von; ‘for from thence will apring all thy fortune, good or evil, and iti an auction of life like unto ® stratagem of war, wherein 8 man can err but once." Yet the Jerald philosoptier seems to think errors of thiedeacriptioncan be rectified by an Indiana divorco court. Br. Ward Hunt, the First tora of the British Admiralty, dled at Nomburg Sunday. Ite wns appointed by Mr. Disraell in 1874,” Tho loss of the man-of-war Vanguord by collision with the Tron Duke, the explosion on board the ‘Thanderer, and the famoua Fugitive-Slave circular brought him into disrepute, snd the last ycara of his oficial Ife were far from comfortable, When Tom Ochiltree was in London he was introduccd by a noble acquaintagce to the Prince of Wales, Grasping warmly the Royal hand, boesid: ‘Wales, old follow, I'm devilish glad to know you; let's take & drink." ‘The horror of the noble introducer wan changed to smazement when tho Prince gave To's hand a hearty shake end reptied: “Don't care if I do,” Ningara Falls ara deserted this season even the mild and moonlsh bridal parties having betaken themactvew to other regions, #0 acvers haetho pressura been on the hotel-keepers that they have actually become reasonable, and re- duced thelr rates to living figures, The hackmen aleo are aubdued ond melancholy, and tho Falls themselves, we are credibly informed, are hot quite eo {neolent as they used to be, ‘Tho theologian Tholuck, recently deceased, used to lose his way in his own garden, being near- ly blind and much given to absence-of-mind, On one ocession he stayed out until after dark, snow fell, and be groped about helplessly, finally bring- ing up against s brick wall, ** Karl! Karl! komm bier!" a plaintive volce was heard crying; and the astonished body-servant had to take the lost wan by the arm and march him on toward the atudy, A Committee of Investigation in Louisiana has turned up a terrible mare's nest. They found 4a the basement of the Custom-House three or four boxes IS. RG. Pitkin inight have reserved for his owa w1 sone of the moat valuable property of the Gover: mont, they caused the boxes to be opened. 1! contents were flahing-tackle, old gun-shoes, Imita- tlon grub-worms, a hammock or two, and other sporting Implements. Mr, It, Hf. Stoddard, in one of the maga alncs for August, remarks that ‘Ove of the British poets may be said to have died young"; and mentions Chatterton, who polsoned himeclf before In: was 18; Kirke White, who died before he was 23; Michael Brace, « ininor Scotch poet, who died in his 22d year; Shelloy, who died before ‘he was 30; sud Byron, who died shortly efter he wasid, Itieodd that Mr, Stoddard should have omitted to mention Keats, who was the peer of any and the superior of most of tho pots named, aod who ded at the age of 26, Bishop Kerfoot, of the Protestant Episco- pal Dioceso of Pittsburg, iseued a circular-letter after the rlot, enjolning the clergy under bis charge **to teach calmly and fully now the relations and obligations of tho rich and the pour, thelr brother bood even now in God and in Christ; the absolute duty of peaceful submission to the laws of the land and lo its rulers, as being, both of these, the ordl- nances of God; the sinfulncasof any act of vlo- lence or wrong to pervonsor property; and that God will overthrow any men or any class who do not do justly and love mercy In their dealings with their fetlow-men, or who do not, eapecially in auch. days as these, walk humbly with thelr God." Bishop Twigg, of the Roman Catholic Church, was awong the most active of the citizens during the two terrible dsys of riot Inthe attempt tu restore order, Ate meeting held at 21 Harley street, Lon don, the 14th ult., 3 ‘numerously-signea address and ¢ handsome service of plate were presented to Benor Manuel Garcia in recognition of the great services he bas rendered alike to aclence aod bur manity by bls important discovery of the larynzo- scope. Prot. Huxley acted ay Chalrmsn, in the unavoldavle absence of the President, Lord Cole- ridge, and said it was unnecessary to do more thao remind the pbysicisos that in the laryngoscope he had galned a new ally sysinst ciscase, and aremark- able sud most valasble addition to that serics of instraments, allof which, from the atethoscope 02- wards, bad come into use within the memory of living men, and the use of which bad effected & revolution tn the practice of meulcine. They ow this lustrament to Senor Garcia, whom they ali r8- Jolced to see among them as full of youtoful vigut as when, nearly 8 quacterof a century agu, bY made this remarkable jnveution; aud fro no one could {t have more sppropristely proceeded thaa from the son of 3 famous singer, and the brvibel of one whose fame was worlu-wide. Fearing that tho, f i