Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 14, 1877, Page 4

THE CHICAGO AT i Daily Fditlon, pos:paid; 1yen @ | York, and it ia expected the DBrussols will i fi’m‘:&‘{;-’{;km:-fl'}’«m#i .00 | reach Liverpool by Thursday or Friday of ; :I;:led(l!y‘ Literary and Rel! g‘m this woek. si Batnrda X —e 1 B bR L X %% | Ttisreported that n very faverish and un- £ i onsy feeling pervades all classos at Constan- { €3 Tostage prenatd. Bpectmen cuples sent tron, Toprevent delay and mistakes, be sure and give Fost- from New York or ' Offeesddresain full, including Btate and County. Wiy, ibd 4o with the United Statos } o Hemitta bemade cliher hy draft, expresm, Vs i { rafl:&:?fi'&fi.'irm'?mixina'{m{m atour rlak. Govornment for permitting the Rnssian - TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRINERS. squadron to remain so long in American 1. Toflr. delteered, Bunday excepted, 23 eenta per week. i 11 Dally, deltvered, Bundny Icinded; 30 centa perweek | Waters. It is o significant "‘l:’“‘""’ of tho it Address THE TRIBRUNE COMPANT, state of feeling among tho subjects of the ! Lormer Madtron nad Dearbo Colesgs, - | gultan thnt tho Turkish jonrnnls nre advo. i R ing oxtrems measures, Thoy protested 35 M MENTS, cating " ANUS NLS: strongly against pormitting the German if' ! NMeVicker's T’I'Je“'b'fl" B Ambnssador to assnme the protection §i: o Msdlmn street, between Dearbarn an | of Russina residonts, and now hints { X . *Led Astrag” o 1y Momasmeat oc omBilnce e and suggostions of n gonoral mas- ,h Haverly’s Theatre. sncro of Christinns ara so openly + _Randolph street, botween Clark and Lasaile. *J. Empagement of tho Almes Opera-Douffe Troupe, " °}:' Belte lelens,” Muneum, i .;\ Mouroastreet, between State and Desthorn, Vaudo. i viile entertainment. Engsgementof Den Thompaon, 111 **Joshua Whitcomb.” of a friondly occupation of Constantineple, i Farepnugh'a Clrcan. 1} Lake Park, foot of Washington strect, Afternoon andorentug, leavo in large numbe MONDAY, MAY 14, 1877, CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY. ! The Chicago prodnce markols were generally §)" weak Saturday. Mess pork cloeed 25¢ per 100 Ibs 11" Tower, at $14. 7214@14,75 for June and $14.874@ F:u.oa for July. Lard closed 10c per 100 Ibs considered official in its utterances. | Jower, b £0.4714@0,50 for Juno and $0.574@ . 9.00 for July. Meats were dull, at b¢ perlb for ! loose shoulilers, 72c for do short ribs, and 7Hc . fordo aliort clears. 'Highwines were quiet,at $1.10 ¢ per gallon. Flour was quiot andateady. Wheat ' ‘closed dge lower, ot $1.00% cssh and $1,50% {1 forduno.". Carn cloned 2c lower, ot Gaxe cash and | ment of its London correspondent, 1 bi¥c for June, Oats closod c lower, at 43%ec ©+ cash and 44c for Junc. Ityewas steady, al BO@S7c. E- * Barley wan nomlual, ut 75c for May. Hogs were \-’i active and 10c higher, st §3.10@05.60. Cattlo are no longor in 1853, The British Cabinet looka in vain on every sida for annlly, It hins were In falr demend and firm, at $3.75@5.80. " 8heep were firm, One hundred dotlars in gold wonld buy $107.124 In greonbacks at the close. } is vory uncertain, H 2:‘ In Now York on Baturdsy greenbacks { 5 i i dencies, and Germany holds herself in resorve, - wero stondy at 031@933, sponsibilitios of the Cabinet of 8t. James are cxceptionally heavy. will certainly romain impassive - during the firat phases of the strugglo, and boyond that 10 ono enn 86¢, and 1o plan has been formed, The war, it is believed in London, will, oven it localized, bo & .long onme., In Asis, the Russians will ensily gain grent ndvantages, bt in Europo the striggle will bo bloody - Connt Axpnassy hns nddressed a eirenlar ' to Austrin's ropresentatives nbroad annonnc. i‘_ ing that any declaration of independenco by §' Roumania will bo troated by Anstrin as null ,’ and void, ’ Bmok]yn';;nbbnlh was desocrated yester- V day by n $400,000 fire. Tho flames raged alt }+ Doartmeut to overcome tho combustible ten- ) make - themsclves masters of tho Balkans. donoy of an cnormous quantity of oil on fire. ——— Erzeroum, Kars, Trobizond, and Batonm The formal roply of the State Dopartment it Washington to the notification by Turkey ! of tho war with Ruasin aunounces that the \, United States will maintain a striotly noutral 4~ position toward both belligerents, A similar ;! note will be sont to the Russian Governmont, i — e the invaders, Lut it is quite different with ‘Widdin, Rustchuk, Silistria, and Varna. In Enropo, tha Turks will wogo n defonsive war, with nll tho ndvontages on tLsir side. Tho boats, and Turkey has already in sight a now Goneral, not woll known on the Continent, but very highly esteomed in British military circles, Tamn Pasua, the Governor of Rust- chuk, who will soon, without donbt, re- place Anpux, Kenny in supremo command. i Tho death is announced by cablo of Lovis i'Josern Ennst P10AnD, the eminent ndvocato $iond statesman, at the age of 56. His public 1! caroer began in 1656, when ho was elected to ;i the Corps Leglslatif, of which ho continued i; o member up tothe revolution of September, {, 1870, when ho was appointed Minister of Fi- {, nonco in the Government of National Da- i, fonso, and on tho formation of President 1, Tinzns’ Governmont o was chosen Minister 1; of tho Interi et st st " OF RUSSIA, A gossipy lotter from our Black Hills cor. zrcrpoudcutln printed this morning in an. i tho Mediterrauean, The Paris correspond. i" .otler column. Life in Deadwood inslketohed 8 lettor ¢ M T has always maintained that If Rusala weru mistress of Constantinople and of the Tlose phorne, she would bo able at any time to send n Targe ficet Into tho Mediterrancan Sca, to do In.that #ca what she pleased, and to send tho fleot back to the Black Sea, whero sho woald be as eafo as the brigands in thelr mountaln dens. Narorrox used tosay that Antworp was a pistol at tho throat of England; the Black Sca would bo a more gigantic Antwerp, capable of concealing and sholtering the largest flects of the world, ‘Thera is no doubt that this is the phase of tho Enstorn question that tonchos England 80 far as Consatantinoplo is concerned, and the English foar is altogethor natural, al: though the time is not yot ripoe for that ac< complishment, It Russia had control of tho Blnck Sea and had possession of Constanti. nople, tho Bosphorus, and the ‘Dardanelles, she could protoct that outlet against any naval combination,with Krupp guns mounted on tho adjacont hoights, "Lhe Black Sen country in Southern Russia abounds In coal, iron, and timber, and somo dny will develop nn fmmonse ship-building busincss. Bho hos oll tho resources for bmlding a fleot within the Black Soa that would dominate over tho combined floots of England, France, and Italy, it she had control of the natural outlet, No combination of Mediterranean power could successfully oppose her, To provent her from getting that control is what inspiren the prosent course of England and actunted Denny in his official disapproval of the Czar'a war manifosto, The manifest destiny of Russia, howover, does not yet point to Constantinople, Ehe must extend hor area, but the time hasnot Yot come to risk a division of tho Empire by tranaferring tho seat of her power to Con. stantinople, The other nations have sub- atantially reached the nstural boundarles of their growth and must soon stop. Iinssin, like tho United Btates, is in the act of growth, 8ho must of nooessity oxtend her area, de. velop hor resources, and inorease her popula- tion. The extending of that aren will be in the direction of the least resistance. That line docs not run north, west, or southwest, Bhe desires no territory in Scandinavia. Bhe will never acquire torritory from Gormany, and would not, if she could, seck to assimi- Iata a peopld hostile to her in evory roapeot, Bhehasall theterritory sho desiros in the direo- tion of Austria. The lino of least resistance oxtendy around the Cusplan Sen, south of her presont possessions, into Asta. The peo- plo of that region are not a warlike people, Thoy belong to servilo races acoustomed to obey the will of the despots, When Itussia conquers the despots, the peopls are con. qured. Her noxt lino of least rosistance is whero she is prossing now—around tho shores of tho Black Bea aad along tho lino of the Danube. Around the south shore of the Black Boa, from the Caucasus to Trcbizond, perhaps to Bioope, and around the west shore from tho mouth of the Pruth, past tho month of the Danube aud Varna to the end of the Balkan range, thence strotohing west to Bervia, including the magnificent Valley of the Danube, is the first step in the pro- gramme of Russln. That accomplished, then ler railroads will penctrato southeast- wardly, past the Oasplan, down into Asis, marking tho route over whioh her jucreasing millions will pour in the years to come. Already she is taking this stop with amaz- :in o mattor-of-fact fashion that tells the in. i tending tourist what ho may expect In the i etropolis of tho new diggiuna, Mining op- ‘erations are being carried forward briskly and with largo results, but withboard at $16 b por week, aud the country overstocked with {+ mon who wonld willlngly work it there was ¢! work enough for them all to do, the situne 11-tion is ono to bo looked at twice bofora tha journey is takon upon small capital and un- i cortain prospeots, : ————— 1 A statoment is mado In a Washington dis- +* patoh which we have no doubtis an oxag- 5 goration of the true stato of the caso, but {1 which might properly suggost aninquiry and :i examination in all cases of uncertainty. It ja {. said that Eastern architects who have visited ¢/ Chicago in the intorests of capitalists having }{ loans in this city “roport that dry.rot iu N provalont in the timbors in many of our fine 4 \buildings erected after tho firo of 1871, i} owing to the fact that groen and unsensoned f] material was used, aud that such bulldings {1 avo ungafe. Generally spoaking, Chicago s one of the best built cities on the continent, }: and, boing the centre of tho greatest lumbor. ¥/ producing rogion in the world, it is not like- 7ily that inferlor or unsuitable material wau %, usod Lo any considorable extont, It would j:mot bo surprising to hear of dry-rot in 8t. ?‘I.cult, for instance, but in Chicago~—never! ;. Crop roports gathered by our correspond- J,oni ot Leavenworth and printed this morn- .'iog givo most oncoursging accounts of the *. prospects in thirty-one countics of Kansas, {-In noarly every instanco tho total acreage { under cultivation largely excoeds that of last 5 'year, and wheat, onts, rye, barlay, ote., . mever looked better for a heavy yield. Corne 7' planting haa boen generally delayed by the % backward spring, but farmers have no fear i but that it will come on falrly in good time, 1'In a fow localities tho grasshopper question } 'romalns an unsolved problem, but it secms S to be generally sotttod and certain that Kan ;888 will almost wholly escape the dostruction i 0f her crops by the loousts this year. Fore. { warned is forcarmed with tho farmers, and, ! knowing what they have to contend with, 1*they are propared ns they nover were befors 1 todefond themsolves, Altogether, the out- ‘ook is very promising in Kansas. . A goneral foeling of thankful relief will be occasioned by tho intelligence received yes- 'terday in Now York of tho safety of the City .of Brussols, the steamship of the Inuax Line which sailed for Liverpool on the 91st of j+April, since which timo nothing Lad been ; heard of ber. ‘The poople of two contineuts 1 'had begun to feol tho gravest apprehensions } for tho safoty of the large number of pns- ‘sengers who took passage on board - tho {',au.-nmer, among them the party of Canadian | Catholics on a pilgrimage to the Pope, The 1 breakage of the vessel's shaft on the third ¥3ay out rendered the machinery use- i’.lou, and she was oompelled to » rely wholly upon wind and sal. Tho fail- ure to learn auything of the ehip's whorea- i,banu during the two woeks in which she " was overdue is accounted for by the extraor- }v dinary bebavior of a French steamor which 5 i o i o was signalod and returned the signal, but @ads no effort to commanicate with the dis. & abled vesrei, Later on the Brassels spoke varions sniling craft, but no opportnnity oceurred for promptly annonncing her safety 1o an anxious worid until Tnesday laat, when the City of Richmond, of tho Issx Line, encountered her siater ship in mid-ocean, ‘The Richmond arrived yesterday in New tinople. The Porto is sald to bo anxious about the safety of the large consignments of arma nnd ammunition still to be shipped already on tho published ns to attract from the En. glish reprosentativo ' domand for an expla- nntion, Angry at England’s neutrality, the Turks aro not disposed to enconrage the idea Earopean- rosidents’ aro gotling more and more uncasy atthe threatening aspect of affalra, and oro leaving and arranging to The Memorial Diplomatique ia one of the mont relinble expononts of political opinion in Europe, and may in n certain degroo bo It s recognized as tho official rocord of Europoan diplomacy, and one of the strongost powars belind the throne, with opportunities for judging of politieal sitnations not enjoyed by other journals. The following state- thereforo, will Lo read with intorest: *Wa none,—~atlengt nono at this moment. France will remnin nbsolutely neutral, and Austria Ttaly showa Muscoviteton- Tho situation of England is therofore regard- ed In political circles ns gloomy, and tho re- The Ministry and obstinate. The Russians will. not ensily iy bo badly protected ngalnst the attacks of Danube is furrowed by their excellent guns [ ‘Tho causo of the hostility of England to Russia grows out of n fear that if Russin nequires possession of Constantinoplo and control of the Bosphorus, she will make of thoe Black Boa n vast inland lako in which to construct flecta sufliciontly powerful to sweop ont of tho New York Nation says in o recont TRIBUNE: MONDAY. MAY 14, 1877. in 1877, it is the Danube. Pruth to the Dannbe, Gate to Ismail. Danube, Valloy down to tho Balkans, tended beyond the the Caucasus until it reaches from Datoum, on the Black Ben, down to the foot of Mount Ararat. Ier armics aro now oxtending that line, and, whon their work is done, it will reach from Trebizond to Van, and Arménin will have passed forover from the sway of tho Cres. cont, and Letween the Russo-Balkan frontior on the west and the Russo-Armenian three- of ono-half tho Black Sea in Russian posaession, tho Turk must sit frontfer on the with fourths instead enst, impotent in Constantinople. The time may como whon the Russian will take his place there, but the timo is not ripe for it yot. To tako it now would ba to risk the division of the Empire by transforring the political pow. er from tha shores of tho Baltio to the shorea of tho Blnck Son, Tho frontter will bo push. ed furthor sonth in {he futura to meet tho necossitios of growth., The dam can hold tho waters that do not swell and riso agninst their barrier, but' tha flood that is fed by nevor-failing springs must some time riso and overflow, In 1778, 1812, 1827, 1838, and 1877, Russin incroasod hor territory, and in cach oyele passed boyond the drift-mnrks of tholast one. tho prosent Czar shall havo attainod the ma- turity of his powor, in tho next century, the Creacent may forover disappear from Con. stantinoplo. EDUCATION AT THE SOUTH. All intelligent nnd thoughtful peoplo havo agreed that asystem of goneral froe educntion, snch os provails at tha North, will bo the most eflicient of ali thongoncies in therckabilitation of the Sonth, tho erndieation of projudices, the nssurance of the righta of all under tho Inws, the purification of politics, nnd tho res- toration of prosperity, It was this convie- tion which led, immediatoly after the closa of the War, to tho establishment of schools under the nuspices of the Freedmon's Burean, and the mirsion of Northorn men and women to set up schools. - The Bouth hipd always been deficient in tho matter of popular education. Of course, the negroes ware oxcluded as a class, being slaves and on Tho o plane with the mules nnd cattle. poor whites wera shut out becauso there was no system of free publio schools, and thoy could nfford to go tono others. Tho rich ond nristooratic refused to establish and support freo pnblic schools, in order to maintain tho exclusiveness and preserve the superiority 8o necessary to insure the protection of the slavery sys. tem, Things wero bad cnough whon the ‘War camo; they grow infinitely worso during the War, Such schools as thera wero at the Bouth were rapldly sbandoned. All the youth old onough to fight were required in tho front, and all the others wore needed to take their place at home, Thero was noither time nor thought for popular education. Though there were only 67,024 pupHs in all the schools of Virginia in the year 1860, the number had been reduced to 58,074 in 1870, fivo years after the close of tho War, Even thoe offort at the philanthropie intro. dnction of a general system of education after the War was a failure, A largo pro- portion of tho Northern mon and women who wont South, actuated by the noblest motives and equal to tho most herofa doa votion nnd sacrifices, wero sooner or Iater discouraged with the demse ignorance nnd profound disinclination to learn which thoy encountered everywhera among tho lowor classon of whites and blacks, and gave up their efforts. In some Stotes tho villainy of the carpet-bag politiclans robbed tho ignorant classes of the means which had been set nside for the sapport of a public. school systom, The abuses of tho negrocs’ confidence by men who professed to be thelr friends, and pretended to boactunted by pure philanthropy, destroyed the efficionoy of the exclusivo offorta in behalf of the froedmen's educatlon. Bo on all sides tho necossary no. cessory of popular education has beon kept {rom tho peopla of the South, partly through their own fault aud partly through tho errors nnd selfishness of Northern omis- saries, at & time when It was ousential to their progreas. “ A writer in tho last numbor of the Nation has collectod statistios of the educational progress that has been made in threo of the Bouthorn States, fu which the local Govern. ment wos resigned sovoral years sgo to tho nativo population, and the conclusions nec- essarily drawn from them warmant a faith that President 1larzs' polioy toward the South will produce thhe most gratifying ro- sults in the matter of education, a4 well as general political pacification and the restora- tion of productive anil cominercial prosperity, Thess throa Btates nro Virginla, Georgin, aud Teunessco, In Virginin, under homo rule, tho nuinber of pupils enrolled in the State schools hias Incrensed every yoar from 1870, when thore wore only 58,074, to the present time,—tho number enrolled in 1875 bLeing 184,480, or considerably more than three times o4 many as there wero fivo years pro. viously. Of the total numberin 1875, 58,760 pupils were colored, or nearly &3 many as the entiro number of all the pupils in 1870, That the facilities of the schools ara oxtended about oqually to blacks sud whiles is shown by tho fact while the percentags of all chil dren between tho agos o 5 and 21 years was 88, 27 per cent of the colored children were represented; lllowing'!ox tho difference in inclination and the greater demands for gon- oral Iabor smong the 'blacks, this showing indicates that tho colored children are givon ing swiftness. In 1953, when war was de- elared, the Pruth was'the frontier of Russin; In 1853, Servia and Waliachin belonged to the Turk, not- withstanding the Russian claim of a pro- tectorate which had been inherited naa frnit- 1esslegacy from the warsof Catnentye, Thoso provinces wers in reality Tarkish, and every step of the Rtussinng was contested from tho Thoy were overcomo, yot whilo they lost their Bossarabian strip of territory, thoy in reality gained Roumania, and annexed her vo far as war purposes are concerned. Beforo tho first week of the present war was over, Roumanin was an nctiva ally of Russia, and had not only placed all her resonrcea nt hor disposal, but offered armed resistance to the approach of tho Turks on her western frontler, Fivo millions of Roumaniana aro now lengued witls thom, and the lino of war is immodiate- ly brought to the Daunbe, from tho Iron The imnginary frontier of Russin is the Pruth; tho roal frontlor, plncked from the Crimean disaster, is tho Without firing & shot she con- fronts the Turk in his fortresses nt Matchin, Silistrin, Rustchuk; Nikopolis, Sistovn, and Widdin, and is proparing to cross and occupy the other side of the Danubian whero the halt in European Turkey will bo sonnded. 'That valley, both Ronmanian and Bulgarian, whon this war is over, will havo pnasod nnder Rusaian control, if not politic- ally, at least mornlly, soclally, and rolig- fously. Hor lino in Asiatic Turkey is marked out oqually clear, It has olready been ox- When tho warlike son of fnil and equal chances tnder tho State ys. tom of rchools. In Georgip, whero the na- tiva whites havo hnad the most absolute control of the legislation and poli- tics of the Btate - for several yonrs, tho Btate Bchool Commissioners’ report for 1875 showa that there hna likewise beon o constant increase sinco the system was first established; tho number of pupils haa been enlarged from 49,578 in 1871 to 156, 349 in 1875, exclusivo of fonrteen countles thav had not yet roported for the Inttor year. Of those, the nnmubor of colored pupils had incrensed from 6,664 in 1871 to £0,350,—tha matio of incronse being very much larger among tho bincks than among tho whites. Of all the children in the Stato botween the ngea of 6 and 18 in the year 1875, nbout one. half the whites and one.third . the blacks wero enrolled in the State nchools. In Tennessoo tho law of the Btate roquires soparato achools for the white and colored clilldren, but provides explieitly that -both shall have * the same goneral regulntions as to managemont, usefulness, and efficiency,” About 25,000, or one-quarter of all the col- ored children in tho State, aro enrolled ns regular attendants at school, ‘Theso facts aro certainly very encournging 4 to tha prospects of what shall be done in the way of education in thoso Bouthern Statea recontly emancipated from the rule of tho earpot-baggers. Govs. Ilaxeron and Nicnorranre distinetlyand solemnly pledged, 08 nro flso thelr Loglslatures, to provide by publia and uniform taxation tho support for n syatom of froo schools, in which the blacks shail onjoy equal priviloges and facilities with tho whites. Itis cortain that tho carpot. bng Governments have not socured this Dblessing to the Sonth, and that the States of Virginin, Gaorgla, and Tenncsseo, under the native whites, havo made more progress than has beon made olsewhero in tho South ; it is reasonablo to expect eqnal succoss in South Carolina and Loulsiana under similar conditions, operate, equal chance to thrive, a little experienco, apeculntivo spirit thus cultivated. the mothor buya now ahoes for hor childron, many in another, It was tho gront Mungarian statesman and orator, Kossurn, who gave enmrrency to tho word solidarity in this country. It was known proviously to scholarly men, and yot the early editions of tho famous * Wzp. sTER's Unnbridged ” did not containit, In fact, it was rather o Fronch Inw-terin, rofor- ringto contracts or obligations which cov+ ered tho ontire subject-mattor of intorest in- volved. Dut Kossurn, who had tho instinet of his rnco for mastering langunges, and who nstonished * the best American' and Dritish sponkers with his fluency and nptocss in the uso of tho English tonguo, in pleading for tho rights of Inngary insisted upon the solidarity of nations. Whorover ho went, oddrossing eager crowds, who admired the talent nnd charactor of the man, and hung on the magio words of the cloquent orntor, sympathizing with his burning sonse of the wronga to which Lis country had boen sub- jeoted by Austrin with the overwhelming support of Russin, he made this idon nnd phrnso his text. Throngh it he hoped to mako a moral appeal to the conscienco of South, which could not furnish us the business of other dnys, It is not for the poor, ignorant, thriftless, and immornl. Tha Dlacks lose, if tho whites nare unprotested in proper sharo in logislation aud governmont. politionl gifts to atray the Foderal power for or against either raco. to tho bottom togother, e — THE WAIL OF THE MALCONTENTS, ing nud denouncing the President for his Bonthorn policy. It will be noticed that, tho American people, and to onlist | lko all tho othors who writo and tolk as ho even her political lendors fn- somo | 4003, ho hos nothing to proposa ns a substi. scheme for retrioving tho fortunes of [ tulo for the policy of tho Preldent. IHa crushod Hungary., Ho urged that human in. torests were in roality one and tho samo everywhero; that nations which enjoyed {reo institntions hind common aims and must atand by ench other; that to allow despot- ism to crush any Btato struggling for free. dom, was to put in peril all freo Btates, and consequently that Hungary should bo ros. cued from the Russinn Bear and tho Aus. trian Eagle by the Lion of Britain and the ZEnglo of Amoriea, But though the people heard tho clognont apponl with much applause, nothing came of it. Our cool-honded statesmen woro not con- vinced that the principle of solidarity for which Kossurn contonded could bo applied 5o universally. It would engnge us in the conflicts of Enrope,; ont of whioh it had been docs not propdso that tho Republican party shall undo what has taken placo, nor return to tho policy of force aud of hato. Ho con. ciation, by no means confining himself to ments on which to found complaints, tional safoty required the personal and po- Litical enfranchisemont of tho colorad popu- Iation, and that tbis enfranchisement would bo of no avail to tho blacks or to the Union unloss thero wero Govornments in thoso porsonal, politienl, and civil liborties, Xonce the years and labor consumed In socuring Constitutions in all tho ex-Robol States, aud our steady polioy to keop, from the timo of | in olding the Governments thero to Wisnnwaton. Fora century or two, at all | establish ond maintaln the equnlity ovents, we must restrict our symyathics, ny | ood ‘liberties of tho nogrocs. Thero wasa bitter hostility amongthe Confederates to the political equality of tho negro. That 4waa tho result of moro than s contury of law, custom, and prejudico, Tho maaters objected to the equality of the inforior and sarvilo raco, Included in and sharing the socinl proscription were thoso whites who Lid gone to the Sonth na political adven- turers, aud who placed thomselves over the negroes as guides and Governors, Those Intter unfortunately falled, by their offlofal conduct, to disarm tho projudices of the native white population, but did much to confirm tho popular distrust of the sincority ond intogrity of the carpot-bag offlcchold. ors, 'Tho antagonism between the white nnd tho colored racos was o politiosl one, Juat astho Robellionwas a politienl question, During that War the South fought and kil ed the soldiors of the Union, captured and imprisoned them, nud shot them down ro- morsolessly, to the oxtent of saveral hundrod thousand. From our standpoint, this was the * murder, and alaughter, and torture ” of law-abiding citizens prosscuting and oboy. ing the lawful requiroments of tho law, ‘When that Civil War was over, no ons, how- ever, thought of prosecuting any of thesa Bouthern people for murder, or of hanging or imprisoning thom. As In all such casos, in all countries, the crimes of these peoplo were necessarily condoned; thoy were ro. garded as political, and thorefore condoned and pardoned. # The sutagonism botween the whites and tho blacks which accompanied and fullowed reomstrnction was also a political question, The Govoraments ereoted in thoso Btates ond malntalned by Fedoral bayonets, under tho delusion that they would protect the ne. groes, wero utterly inofficient and powerless, The mass of the native white population re. gorded these Govornmenta as aliens placed over to dospoil thom, aud therofors ylolded thom no voluntary support, Tho lawless class, such na oxists in all States, taking ad- vantago of the confessod weakness of the Btate Governmonts and the non-participa. tion of the mass of the poople, practiced with impunity the most barbarous and shamelcess indignities and atrocities on the unfortunate nogroos. Tho troops protocted tho carpet-bog officeholdors, whils the roughs, and scoundrels, and oriminals mar. derod and abused the negroca. Our corrospondent ropeats the falsehood, 80 common with his ultra class, in charglng that tho whole white population at the South are murderers, aud robbers, and out. throats, and villains, all of whom have per- petrated these c{imu upon the negroes. ‘Ihis is no more true of the people of thess States gonerally than it is of any Northern Btate, Thess people simply washed thelr hands of ‘all responsibility for the failure of the carpet-bag Governments to protect the ne~ groes, and annonnced that it the troops were withdrawn, and thay were allowed to govern, they would ro-establish the authority of the law, und the negro would be as safe as he to any practicnl expresslon of them, to na. tions on this side of the Atlan. tie. To that extont, indood, wo had committed onrselves ‘to the prin. ciplo, in annouccing tho Monsoe doc- trino, that European monarchies munst not Intorfore with ropublica in the Now World, Further than that, wo could not wisoly go. This waa especally tho conservativo poai- tion of tho Bouthorn political leadors, who wero novor forgetful of the wenk spot which slavery mnde, andof tho excuse for inter- foronce which it might furnish, were Kos- suTi's principle admitted. And then the Abolitioniats nccuscd the Hungarian advocato of self-contrndiction .and glaring incon. sistency, in plonding for the solidarity of nations, in the matter of liberty, and yot rofusing to indorse the idoas and . plans of those who woro secking tho overthrow of negro slavery. Was solidarity o principle with color? Was it human solidarity, or only white solidarlty? . Waa there no black liborty or humanity? And thus Kossurn found his mission a failure, All wanted to hoar him speak ; nobody wanted to do any- thing for his political causo, He was ro. jected equally by tho slavoholders and the Abolitionists, g Dt he loft his favorite word bohind, and it has grown into uso more and morc with every passing year. For it ropresents, in genoral, a groat iruth,—the oneuess of human interests ; tho iden which lies at the bottom of that frand old English word, commonwealth, ‘Though it cannot be al. lowed to load us into political and military crusades in behalf of all unfortunate nations, o4 thongh the only way of rocognizing the solidarity of the peoples was by war, it yot peacofully guides us to many an improve. ment upon ancient notions and methods. On it, as on an axiom, rests the idea of in. ternational law,—the ononess of humanity requiring some common standard of ethical Jjudgment between Btates, It may be imper- featly traced in councction with thoe present Eastern conflict, 50 far as Russin ropresonts Obristlan cifilization as opposod to Turkish barbarism, and so gathers to hor side the sympathy of onlooking Christendom. A wmassacre of Olristians in Bulgaria Is no longer considered a matter in which ouly the Turks bavean intereat. It belongs to all Europe. And, similarly, Ruasia must loarn that a porsocution of the Jows in Roumania by her allies concerns the civilized world, It will not be long before this unity of the rights_ond interosts of mankind will as. sert itsell everywhere, and religlous intol. erance and persecution, with political despotism and cruelty, will be considered crimes sagalnst human naturo, to be classed and condomned, if not aotually punished also, with piracy. But yet more doeply does it concern us to keop in mind tho solidarity of intorests within a nation. It is simply impossible for one class, or section, or race, to suffer per manently warely for the beneflt of another. All parts must movo forward together. It is ncconnted a good joke, not withont ita spica of wisdom ns woll ns wit, that the Irisiman, when asked why he woro only one npur, roplied that it was all ho nooded, as tho found that if he could got one side of the horse on a trot, tho other wna snre to coma along. Bimilarly it might be nrged that the gonuine prosperity of each olass nids tha whole commnnity ; that it gives fresh incito. mont and hope to the other portions of the people. Blavery was an attempt to contra- diot this axiomatic truth, and to build the prosperity of the whites on the rin of the blacks. This wns attempting to use a singlo spur on a horso which had ono side par- alyzed; and tho Irishman's plan failed to ‘What wa need to learn more thor. onghly in this conntry is that tho best policy for ono seetion, in tho long run, is that which givos all the others an It is thus that moro ean bo mado out of tho stemly gains of poaceful indnstry than from the sudden nod apecinl profits of war, Wo roalizo this, after Fortunes were mado during the Inte oivil conflict, but the conntry n8n wholo suffored immensely in all its in. terests; and many of theso vory forlunes linvo sinca been loat by tho reactions of the A war bronks out in Europe, and ns wa thiuk of the demnnd which it makes for our breadstuffs and provisions, and for varions military sup. plios, wo Legin to congratulnte onrsclvos on the pecuniary benefit which America will recelvo, Dut tho next time ench father of family gocs to purchaso a parrel of flour, he finds that he has to pay $2 more for it on ncoount of the now oxport demand, and when sho s told that, because of the foreign war, leathor has rison in valuo, and she must poy a higher prico, And so tho gatn of a fow in one dircotion is balanced by aloss of tho 1t will always bo 5o, if wo dlvld‘o interests S m——ee—— which should bo uniled. One roason of the SOLIDARITY OF INTERESTS, haed timos has boen the impoverished renl advantage of anybody fo have others suffer. The whitos lose, if tho blacks aro their property, and nro thrust out of their ‘I'he North cannot afford to have the Bouth rulnod by raco-confliots, 'Tho SBouth is not to bo alded by its bribing the North with All scotions and classos mako ono country, with a solidarity of Interost which oan be ignored only at our peril. We aro ombarked in the sama -ship, and wo'mako the safo voyago togothor or 8o We print n letter from a correspondent who mny be considored as fairly ropresent. ing that clnas of Republicans who ara oppos- tents'himsolf with o {rottul, captious donun- tho truth, and froquently inventing state- Tho prinelple and thoory of reconstrne- tion restod upon the assumption that the nn- States who would protect thom. in all their. misernbly to protect the negroos. Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, Tennesseo, the hands of the carpet-bag rulers into tho enablo it to oxeonte the laws. ba claimed to bo Republican, Ono of these, in n8 pencoful ns is Illinois. two, upon tho withdrawal of the troops from executo tho law, tained among them by the military, for any crime. have not enjoyed. ond the Courts remin the samo, tection of tho people havo beon alolished, Courts, aud that in the rodress of griovances ment that was ovor extended or which the preservation’ of porsonal liborty will roquire, ‘Cho rondor will rendily discover the unwar- ranted assumptions ond deductions of onr that tha ontire white peoplo of the South aro murdorers and criminals, when it is notorlous that crime and violence there havo been duo to tho exclusion of tho law-ablding white population . from tho State Govern- ments, loaving the criminal class wholly un- restralned, unchooked, aud undetorred by tha straw Governmenta held in place by Federal bayono! KURICIPAL INDEBTEDNES3S IN ENGLAND, "Tho English nowspapers are mnking efforts to arousa the aitontion of their people to the alarming incronse in muuicipal indebtodnoss aud taxation. Tho municipalities of England aro not nemrlyss badly off as thoso of tho United: Btates, not only becauso the nggro- goto of thelr debts nand the rato of taxation aro not g0 large, but bocause the peoplo ns o rulo get agood deal .more for their monoy, Novertheless, tho ratio of inorease duringlInto years has buen solarge as to lead to a serions approhonsion that the English cities aro re- Inpsing futo the snme improvident system that hns provalled in this country for many years, and which is far from having beon nbandoned even during the hard times and undor tho most violent popular protests, It iscurious to noto 1 somo of the English journals a suggestlon of enlarging and liberal- izing the local mothods of votlug as n possiblo cure for tho growing evil, while the oxperiedco in this country hos almost forced the conclusion that there must “be o contraction of the systom of universal suffrage, so far ns oitiea are con. corned, bc!a.ru the tax-lovying and debt. contractiug powers of inunicipal corporations can be proporly controlled, The reports of the President of the Looal Govornment Board to Parliamont show that the municipalities levy taxos that now amount to $130,000,000 yearly, or about ono- third of tho produce of tho Quoen's taxes. Tho aggregato sum owed by the munlolpali. tles is statod to bo $500,000,000; of this, £26,000,000 will ‘bo pald during the present year, but it is proposod to issua $50,000,000 moro of bonds, so ihnt the dobtat the ond of the year will bo larger than it is now, Of course, all incrense of the debt involves an'{ncrosse of the taxes to the extent of the interost on the debt, though it is ur;ed by those who defond the rocent increasos that much of the debt is self-sustaining, tho money having beon invested largely in jm. provemonts, such as gas and water works, that yleld rovenues more than sufficiont to pay the ‘interest. Thus in Birmingham, a oity sbout the size of Cincinnati, the debt has been increased from 3,000,000 to $25,000,000 since 1875, but the money has been invested in improvements that bring in the full interest on the increase, To this it ia vory reasonably replied that gas and waler works wear out, that eome new invon- tion msy supersoda gas, and better sources of wator supply may be found. There aro in England sdvocates of the theory that a great public debt {s a great publio blessing in the case of muniolpalities as well as nations, and it is evidently timo that somo stops bo taken to counternct thoir proselyting efforta. Theze does not seom to be rauch moro har. wonld ba under like circumstances in Penn- sylvanin or Iown. Presldont Gnaxz for efght yonra practiced the policy of maintaining Stato Governments by the use of troops, bnt theso State Governmonta failod utterly nnd Georgin, Alabama, Arkansns, Tezas, and Missonri, ono after the othor, pased ont of hinnds of tho residont population. Violonco ceasod, the rufian populntion was reduced to obedienco, and tho troops ware not noed- ed either to protect the Government or to When the election closed, thera wera but thres Stotes ihat wero protected by troops and that conld Florida, pnssed ovor to tho othor side nfter the eleation nnd before tho innuguration, nnd In the other the Btate-Houses, tha earpot-bng Govern- monts collapsed, nad, to the great dis- gust of thoso who wonld have ‘refoicod had there been n general massacro of tho blacks, overything has boon as penceful in thoso States ns if thero had never been any.controversy. When, therofore, it s as- serted that the President * has taken the Kn. Kluz, the riolar, and tho murderer of Sonth Carolina and Lonisisna, aud placed thim in possession of thoso States to protect tho men whom they have hitherto hunted with tho shot.gun," the statement lacks the quali- ty of trath. Tho carpet-bag Governmonts which were unablo to make an arrest or se- cure n conviction iave given way to that class of population which, baving no aympn- thy with muzder or violonce, whoso interesta are all bound up in the immediate and por- manont catablishment of pence and kind. nees botween all clusses, whoso property in. terasta nre nll dopondent upon the good will of the colored peoplo, and thereforo enlisted for the protection of thoso people, especial- ly ngninst porsonal violence or outrage, hns thomoral ns well na the physical power to arrest and punish crime, and to nassort and 1t is too late to say that the withdrawal of troops from the South Carolina nnd Lonist. ana Stato-Tlouses §s a confesslon that tho Ropublican policy followed for eight years was erroneous, That policy bad for its pur. pose the protection of the negro and to keop thoso States Ropublican in politics. The Iast was o failure almost from the beginning, s thoso States gradunlly went over to the opposition, induced thercto largoly by the charncter of tho local Governments main. In the matter of protscling tho nogroes, it was n fnilure overywhere, ‘Thae ,officers of thoso CGovernmonts dependod on Fedornl bnyonots: to protect themsolves, and were nover ablo to protect tho nogro or evon to make an arrest The result shows that tho Topublican party orred in tho means selected. Now, howover, the negroos have that peace and protection they have long mought but Tho whols South is on its honor and good bohavior, nnd has all its material aud political intercsta at stake on tho good falth with which it protects the colored peoplo in their personal, political, and civil rights, The Inw and theConstitution Chief- Justice Warre will hold Court in South Car- olinain a fow days. Ho will not proclaim that the Constitution and laws for the pro~ but ho will direct attontion to tho fact that any citizon aggrioved may apply to the nud in tho exccution of tho laws the Conrts will have all tho ald of the Nutional Govern. implacablo “corréspondent, nnd will Hot™ fail' to notica that the ontiro wail and lament of tho malcontonts rests upon the imputation mony of systam botweon the English mnnic. ipolitiea than thero is betweon the American citles in tho mnttor of taxation and debt, 13 is all in tho hands of the local Anthoritics, who borrow and spend money according to their own jndgment. It iy probablo that the English taxpayers got moro for their monay than American taxpayers, but the impression is rapidly gaining ground that the-expend;. tares aro grossly in excess of the benefits, There is no ngroement ns to the ratesof interent, the term of the loans, or the tio of tax, and thers in protty suro to be n gen. oral domand for reform of municipal man. agemont throughout the Kingdom, ——— The DesMolnes Reglster, the organ of the Im. placables, has had the hardiliood to assert that the Republican press of Iowa were nearly nnani. mous In thelr hostility to the President’s Bouth. ern policy of protection to the blacks by peaco and concord with the whites. The Reokuk Gate City, Republican sheet, and a far abler paper than the Register, completely puncturcs the falee assertlon by giving the following list of Towa papers with which it exchanges that sup. port the President’s reconciliation policy; DAILY PATERS, ., Reokak ate-citge " Dabnqne 7imes, Clinton ferald. Conncil Hinfla Nan,mrefl. Marshalltown Times, Cedar Raplda Itepublican. WEEKLY PAPERS, Hcmnqm Repnblican, Mount Pleasant Journal, ' Washinaton Press, Rrighton Star, Eddyviile Adrertiser, Creaton (iazetle, Chariton /'alriol, Onceola Sentinel, Dedford Arqus. Lamars Seatinel, Nashua P03 Me(iregor News, Independenco flutletin, Montezuma Zepublican. Eldora Ledger, Cedar Falle Uazelte, owa F'alls Sentinel, Delinl Monltor, Waterloo Courder, Belle Platne Unlon, .The Weat Union Gazelte, Cherokea 7Vmes, Mount Vernon Haukeye, Dccorah Republican, Red Vak Record. Wright County Monitor, Warren Counly Record. Alzona Upper Des Molnes, Dea Molnes Feople (1, tep. ). —— ‘Thers Is avery sovers famine orevalling In soino distzlcts In China, notably the Chill and Bhantung districts, whore largs numbers of the inhabitants are literally dylng of hunger, A corroapondent of the Londun Times says: Two Huropeans who had the conrage to carry somo vmmmm to o small village fn_Bhantung ro. tarned horror-struck with what thoy had seen. Tns Inhabitanta were putting an ond to” tnelr sufterinzy by suiclde, and”in one family the father and muthor, to avold witnessing tlio death-agony of telp etarving children, had burled thom allye. ‘Tho famine bud been eansed by the fallure of the harvest for two years rnning in districts swhich aro Ennnrnlly fertite, Nelthor gealn nor fruita are to bo nad ot any peice, and the land scema to hava been acorcned by a burning wind, The grass by the roadside has been wevoured to its very tooia by the famisalng people, who have strlpped ull the trees of . thelr bark and folinze, A8 tha winter has been excentionally revere, many of the autlerers have dicd from cold as well as from hunger, ami 1ho appearance of tho anevivors i most ghastly, When fine wonther returns, thesa provinces, formerly o Papalous and flonelehing, Wil have been convertod into descrts, and thera will be alack of hands to 11l the grovad for nest year's crop, The funnctinnarlcs, the bonzes, and the nisalonaries, witiout distinetlon of nationality of creed, have jolned their offorta to thosu of fhie faveenment to “arreat tho famine; but chanity, on howavera larso a scalo practiced, 8 sufliclent to mect all tho wants. It is worthy of note, how. gver, thal ananonymous donation. cqnivalent to 915,000, swas sont sonto time ogo from Japan, and It has sinco been ascortatned that tho dunor fas dapanese, who for many years was a domestle servant in China, but who by a lucky marrizo had becosic posneseeit of 3 largo fortine, part of which he has goucronsly wsod {n promoting the entente cordiale between'the two les. g, A young man whose tendencles to material. lam Is the sorrow of his widowed mother’s old age was asked by the old lady (who firmly be- lieves that the Enstern war s the begluning of the cnd) what ho would dg when tha end of tho world came, and answered promptly that he would Lo sure to sce all about it in tlic weather predictions, und would pack up hls trunk and take the cvening traln for 8t Louls. *Dug 8t. Louls,” fnalsted the old Indy, “will also ba rulled together liko a scroll, and tha blg bridge will rieft with fervent heat.” #I have: iy 2= doubts about that," replied the young philoso- pher; **8t. Louls sn't much of a place, and they might ovarlook It In the natural hurry and con- fusion of the moment, Anyhow, it Is safer than Chicago, becauso Chidaco is sure to go; uvery ous Las heard about Chifsago,* — 3 Thero has been quite an excltemont In the New York Leglslaturo ou the Bank Taxation bill. The bill s & modifleation of the exlsting law, It was Leaten by one majority on a pre- vious vote, then reconsidored, and carrled by yeas G0 to pays 40, Tho following is the bill as passed: Brerton 1. No tax shall hereafter be ssscesed upon the capiial property or franchise of any bank or banking aesaciation organized nnder the author- ity of thia Siate or tho Irnlml States, excoplasls herelnafter provided, 8ec, 2, 'I'ho shareholdera of avory bank or bank- Ing association shall bo asscescd and taxed upon thelr sliarca of atock thereln, in the aame mannor a8 upon other personal property, and not otuse- wise, oxcept o3 herelnafter provided; but thelr mrlu.. in an amount equal to 25 por cent of the capltal of the bunk or banking sasociatlon, shall ba e sevamant and taxatlon, hall take etlect immediatoly, Bocretary SnERMAN has discovered that the defendants In the late Whisky-Ring clvil sults in 8t. Louls scttled with tho Governmont on re- markably easy terms, Take tho caseof Urnic, o fraudulent distiller, Ho offered to com- promise by paying {w,ooo;um Judgment ob- talned agalnst him by the former prosecutor, Par Dynn, was $100,000. A short time before the expiration of GraNT'S term, while MonniLt was Sccretary of tho Treasury, Tarr Attoracs- General, and Onzexs B, Raux Commissloner of Internal Revenue, the Government accepted $15,000 1 full of civil damages, The thing that 1s puzzling SumnMAX fs, why the offer of $27, 000 was doclined and $15,000 accepted, This {3 & atyle ‘of business he cannot understand: Why aid the Government refuse the $12,0000 Ile s trylng to Gnd out from Rauvw, —————— In & crislslixe the present In European and Oi- ental affalrs, too much caro cannol be taken by ont JTAves In the selection of aur Ministers. o should avalthimeclf of the best talent st ble command for Eurupe, and ulcfnu Interlor capacl- llu;- to less important misslons, —FAlladelpia et Mz, Fouxzy is such a modest man that Tasz ‘TRISUXE comes to his rellef and sucgests, as he would suggest If It Were not for his bashfal- Dess, that Uf any of the big mlsstons wors al- lotted to him it would bo s fultilncnt of hls above round-about solf-indorsement for Euro- pean diplumacy, and he would appreciate any favor of the kind, Afr, Fonnxy, why couldn's you have sald that yourself, and kept your blushes as nuroras for the Royalty to which you will now be surcly accredited? e — MurLaTy, after all, 8 s benofactor of his kind. fle has furpished the hcad-lino mrehi- tects with a chanco for efectivo aud novel titles for accidents to public bulldings. As thus: ** A Corinthian Casualty—S8avon Laboreis Killed in the Evansville Custom-louse,” * Daric Death—Four Mcn 8mashed by the Memphis Public Bulldlog Roof," ¢ A Florid Gothic Hor- ror—The New York Post-Oftics Root Crushied In “A Renalsssnco Holocaust,” % An Early English Catastrophe,” * Mashed Muuresquely,” # A Neo-Itallan Accident,” and the lke, ————— The accident to Mr, MuLLurr's roof 1nst- tributed (by s jealous rival) to that eminent architect's reprehonsiblo cgotism., ¢ Bcauss his own wkull Is 50 thick,” sald this critle, **he believes ha ought to imposs a three-ply on every one of his bulldinge. ——ee—— Tho fatber of twins about eight months old, the lnitlals of whoso names are 8. J. T. sud T A. H., now begins 1o look upon the christcolng fce as 80 much cloar Joas, and begins to thivk e T A R TS S g nae o el