Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 7, 1877, Page 4

I R A . interostod in the change, the Tranavaalors " nition. THE - CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, 4 The Ttbane, RY MATL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREFATD AT ¢ TTIS OFPICE. 1 tpald; 1 yesr. iatled to Any dddress fonr Wiek for. Bunday Eulon: Literary aod Relig et starasy Kaliion, téive s - Veekiy, A SR WEEKLY XDITIO! [+ PET YCAT, et i Qubof twei Fostage propa .Epecimen copfes sent free. Toprevent delay and mistakes, be sureand gire Poste ©Ofecaddrese n full, Including Btate and County, Temfttances may bamade either by draft, express, FPost-Ofice order, or fn registered lettern, at our risk, TERMS TQ CITY SBUBSCRINERS. Dafly, deltvered, Sunday excepted, 2% cents per week, Lctls, deltvered, Sunday fncluded, 30 centa per week Address TR TRIBUNE COMPANT, Corer Madison and Desrbal Chicagy, Dl TAMUSEMENTS, 12.00 8% L PES 2588 POSTPAID. EEE) Haveriy’s Thentre. Randolph strect, beiwcen Clark and L 4ngagement of the Afmes Opera-Boutfe Troupe, Perichols,” MeVicker's Thentre. Madison astreet, between Dearborn and Btate. *Bweethearts and Wives" and **Tom Cobb.” Naseum. ‘Monroe street, between State snd Dearborn. Vaude- ville and novelty, Eogagement of Den Thompeon. **Joshua Whitcomb. " 1 Adetphi Thentre, * Monros street, corner Dearborn. Variety perform- ance. MONDAY, MAY 7, 1877 > OHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY. ‘The Chicago produce markets were less active Saturday; generally strong early, and weak after- wards, Mess pork closed 35@37%¢ per brl lower, at $15. 374 @13.40 for Juno snd $15.57¢@15.00 for July. Lard closed G@7%c per 100 1bs lawer, at $0.00@9.02% for June and $10,02% for July. Meats wero ateady, at Gijc per 1b for loose shoulders, 7%c for do ahort ribs, and 7Xc for do ort clears. Highwines wero In fair demand, at 10 per gallon. Flour was more active and stronger. Wheat closed 1%4@2¢ higher, at 8$1.73 cash and 81.70% for June. Com.closed 1@1Xc Ligher, st 50%c for May and G67i4¢ for June, Onts closed 1l5¢ lower, at 44g for May and 443 @443c for Jnne. Tye wae stronger, at D0@01c. Darley was nominal, at 70@76¢ for May, Hogs ‘were eteady, at $5.25@06, 65 per 100 1bs. Cattlowere qulot, at §3.00@5.50, Shecp were firm, Ono Lundred dollare in gold would boy $107.12% In greenbacka ot tho close. In New York on Saturday greenbacks were worth 93} @938, ¥ — ‘We print this morning a lottor on the snb. ject of Insurancoe from our Now York cor- rospondent, which will, astsual, bo found of general intereat. Gen. Crook favors delay until fall in the projocted romoval of the Indians now at Red Cloud and 8potted Tail Agencies to their now reservation on tho Missouri River, belioving thnt their general indis- position to go would result in largo desor- tiona if the romoval were nndertaken during tho summef mont An interesting sé¢rmon on **Tho Christian Aspects of the Eastern Question,” by tho Rev, Brooxe IEnronn, of the Church of the Measiah, is printed in our columna this morn. ing. Ittnkes high ground in sympathy with the porsccuted and outraged Christians un- der Turkish doespotism, and thoveforo in cympathy with the Russian side, e Rending the monthly dobt statement fails to convey to the ninds of most poaplo the actunl rato at which the United States Gov- crument {8 squaring nccounts with the holders of ita paper. It is whon the thing i3 lumpod togother thnt its immonsity ap- pears fully—as for instance, that durivg the eight 'years and ono month from March 1, 1869, to April 80, 1877, the decronso of the publio debt aggrognted $455,104,612, + The annoxation of the littls Ropublic of Trauavanl by Groat Britain has been formally proclaimed, and tho Dritish flag waves over auother colony. Tho peoplo who' are most thewselves, aro violently opposod to it, nnd, while no armed opposition s likely to bo nt. tempted, a protest will bo sent by the Ro- public to the United Statos and other nations frota whom it has heretoforo recoived recog- Ono of tho curious contradictions of cur- ront politica appears in tho contest for the Washington District Commissionership, The Jackson Democratio Association Is prossing 4 a candidato for the placo ono of the clijef orators of thoe 8th of January mass-meoting, Audso it goes. Tho ardent patriots who wero golug to inaugurate Tizpzy if thoy had to wade Lip-high In goro are now peacefully begging otfico of Haves whonever an oppor- tunlty presonts itsclf, —— The usual concomitant of all Turkish wars, the plague, lins nppeared at Dogdad, and, from tho 24th to tho B1st of March, twonty- ono fresh casos snd thirty-fivo denths oce curred. Bloasures of Isolation and disinfection had been taken, but the inundation of the Tigris, it is stated, ronders it diffeult to carry thom out. Iu view of thodangor, the ‘Lurkish Governmont bas decided that all ar. rivalu iu Syria from Mesopotamin shall be subjected to quarantine rogulations, — ‘Tho consideration of Mr. Rontxson's Conn- ty Commissionors’ bill in tho House uufortu. vately came up last Baturday at an hour when membors were rushing for the noon train to takp them home for over Bunday, leaving tho friends of the memsure in n minority. A motion to postpone to to-mor. rovw was adopted, but the bill could not com. mand strength onough to securo for it a speclal order, and s0 must tuke its chances With a mass of miscellancous businoss, Ouly by tho most strenuous and porsistent effort can the bill be called up and passsd in the reusining busy diys of the sesslon. Its enemies bopa they have heard tho last of it ; ita friends must work all the harder to bring it up and paas it. The people uf Cook Coun~ ty should not bo refused this important act of justice. ——— Not the least among the notable and his- torlo oplsodes of tho present crisis in Bu- ropean affairs is the letter to the London T¥mea from Toowmss Oanvyre, who emerges from his long retirement from political life to utter tho prophetio warning of a seer of four.gcore years agalnst the ruinous policy with roference to the Eastern question which #oema at present uppermost in the councils ©f Great Britain. With a vigor and intensity _born of the conviction that the Government ison the vergo of commilling a most falal errar, the grand old bistorlan and philoso- pher denounces tho designs of the Ainis- try, which, *“under cover of *care for British interests,' ¥ contomplate the sending of an English flcet to the Baltic, or, still worse, the English oocupation aof Constantinoplo—the first, as Mr, Oastrix nssorts, boing a step which would compel Raussin to declaro war against England, while the second woald force nll Enrope into arm:d array against Great Britaln, This warning 1s not uttered without eause, though it isto bo foared without effect. In spito of tho fact it the people of Great Britain have for the firat time in their lives boen fully in. formed throngh tho evants of tho past yesr of the trne “charactar of the Tark in all its hideous moral deformity, the sncient and unreasonable hatred and jealousy of Russin geem destined to carry the dayin England against the considorations of hn- manity and civilization, not to speak of pru. denca, and to procipitato ** ina fow weoks the maddest and most oriminal thing that a British Government could do.” the less debtors to tho Government for the taxes which they had frandulently avoided by their Ring ‘operations. Secretary SmEmuux very properly holds that, after letting these men off without por- sonal punishment for their crime, * paymont of the taxes due and of the lossos incurred by the Governmont by reason of their offenses, with interest and coats, ia tho loast that can bs domanded of them with just re~ gard to the public intorosts.” Wo think they will appeal in vain to the Attorney-Gensral or tho President for a reversal of thisge. clsion. How much of tho moneys due the Govern- ment from thesa people ean be rocovered will dspand largely upon the vigilanca of the looal prosecutor of the suits. Most of the bonds wero furnished by the distillers, one for another, and they have all taken stops long sinca to put their property out of thoir bands. An honest, carncst, and diligont search would probably discover a good deal of the hidden stealings, and, {f Mr, Baxas is to romain s the legal reprosentativa of the Govornmont, ko must chango his notions materially as to the Hability of these peoplo, aud set to work mors actively than he has over dono befors to unonrth their rosources and savings, But, whethor the amount ro- covered bo large or small, it would mani- festly bo an ontrage on publio justice and morality to acknowledgo their immunity from civil liability, or permit them to es- cape tho annoyanco of even an effort to collect the taxes ont of which they cheatod the Government, long as he remains Mohammedan he cannot preagor,” first setilement in Enrope in 135G, undor The report of tho Registrar-Gonoral of Beotland for the year 1876 estimates tho population of that country at 8,627,811 por- sons, During the year he rogistored 126,749 Lirths, 74,122 deatlis, and 26,563 marringes, Compared with corresponding statistics, tho birth rate of 1876 considerably exceeded that of 1874, which was regarded ns unusually bigh. © The doath-rate was the lowest ox- perienced since 1861, while the marriages havo considerably oxceeded the nverage of the last ten years. The roport says: * Tho natural increaso of tho populntion of Scot- land, apart from the disturbing influence of emigration and immigration, must during 1876 havo been great, and the frequency of marriages during tho Iast five yonrs renders it probable that this incroase will bo sus bondage. into the Ganizaries, and doveloped & spocial cesslon bocamo a law of the Empire. “Thus, by the t{mo of Momasuzp the Con- From that day to this, yalso, bloodthirsty mnsancres, liko those of Ohias, Oyprus, Kas- snndra, and tho recont Bulgarian butchorles, tained in tho prosent year.” ——— have charactorized the Turkish roigna. Of THE MEETING OF CONGRESS. Tarkish government in our own time, Mr, The President has detormifbd that the extra session of Congrosa shall be postponed until the 16th of October, and wo are sure tho country will rojolce that he has been -ablo to do thisand yot meet tho exigencies of tho publio morvice, In tho first place, thera ought to have been no occasion for an extraordinary session of Congross. It wasa rovolutionary proceeding on tho part of Con- gvess o ndjourn without voting the appro- printiona for the support of the army, and at' tho same timoleaving all tho laws establish. ing tho army in full forco, Had it abolished the army, then the failure to make ‘appropri- atlons would have been consistont. As it was,Congress roquired the Presidont to maln. tain tho military establishment, and thon withheld the appropriation of the means, It tho President, howeover, can discover Lis way to carry on the army withont an ap- propriation until th mosting of Congress in Octobor, it will be gratofnlly accopled by the counlry. The Amorican peoplo havo boon involved in moro or less political oxcitoment aver sinoo the close of the War, From 1805 lo 1869, during Jounson's Administration, the nation was in o porpetual turmoil, Graxt's oleetion waa followed by the dis- turbances and strifo in the Southern States, which continued down to within n few weeks. Tho last two ycars have bLeen of n peculirly exeiting character, intensifying the publio and private distress produced by the paralysis of businoss. One of the most gratifying cffocts of tho Prosident's cottlo- ment of the questions in South Carolina and Toulsiona is that it gives poace to' the couatry, and romoves °a vexation that has been - irritating tho popular mind for oight years. Tho country will bo oll tha better for asoason of rost, of pence, and of prospority, 1f Congress wore to moot in Juno, there is no telling tho ox. tent to which tho exciterment might bo re. nowed, There aro many nsplring, solflsh, and disappointod politiclans who are very anxious to be participants in nny oxoltemont. They are ambitious to be prominent, Thero are many Domocratio. implacables who want to ronew tho controversy over the Presiden- tiul eloction, Thorois a flerco contest in the Domocratic party over tho organizationof tho Houso of Roprosentatives, and the party whip will be vigorously applied. Thore aro others whe aro soro” and disap- pointed about officos, who want to find fault sbout other things, ‘There aro onough discordant, discontonted, and unhappy men who would find enongh opportunity in an early scssfon of Congress to agitato and disturb the country, There is a faction secking carly legislation for subsidles ; others to have clalma passed, to amend the tarifl, to tinker the curroncy, and generally to begin in Juno a full system of logislation, ruuning the sesslon over until 1all, it not into the winter, The country will bo glad to bo spared all this, The pooplo aro eatisfled with things as they aro. The country wants repose, wants somo time for business, and, above nll, wants the Prosi- dent to have n falr opportunity to try his policy. The postponemont of tho session until October, thereforo, was s wisa and wholesome procesding, for which the coun- try will bo truly gratoful, e —— THE CHARACTER OF THE TURK, Oune of thy most admirabla easays over written upon tho Tork is that by Eowanp Foxzauw, ontitled * The Turks in Europe,” which has recontly boon reprinted by the Manrens in thelr little **Ialf-Hoor Borios," An editorinl statoment of ita contents will give the readors of Tax TaImuNs a vory cloar idea of the actuat place thoy oceupy in Europo, of tho relations they sustain as alious, and of thelr perfidious and sanguinary character. Ho dividos his ossay into three parts—* Who and What Aro the Turks ", * What Iave the Turks Done ", and ** What Is to Be Done with the Turk?" In answer to the first question, Mr, Prxx. MaX finds not only that the Turks are allons in Eurape, but they are alien in a manner in which the nations of Europo are not nlien from one auother. Nearly all tho Enropean nations belong to one family and spenk lan. guagos derived from o common root ; nearly allof them once formed part of tho Roman Emplre, and thus have s comuon hislory they have a common religion; thoy have & certaln common civilization, growing out of their common OChristianity ; they livo under national Governments, and for the most part under good Governments, charactorized by an administration of justics, On the other hand, the Turk belongs to another family of man from that to which the great mass of Euro. peans belong, and bas no share fn their language. Hehas never, like the Bulgarian and Magyar who preceded him, become Europeanized. Ho bas noshare in the his. tory of Europe, because he lias never boen affectod by Roman influonces. His clviliza. tion, sofarns he has any, is Awsbisn and, Persian. Ho has nover embracod tho ro. Jigion of Europe as his forerunnory, the Bul garisusand Magyars, have done. His Gov. ernment, like all the Eastern Governments, bas boen purdly deapotie, exoeptso far oy the will of tho Sultan has boen rogulated by the rulos of Mohammedan law, From all this it follows that the Turk can never have @ national Government in any country where all the people aro not Mohammedan. As Mr, Fuxzsax says: **The rule of the Turk is something which is not only ewil in jtsalf, but which, s long as itis the rule of the Tho debateon GrapsToNs's resolution swill begin to-day in tho British Houso of Com- mous, and end to-morrow night. It mow secms sottlod that the Liberals will split on this quostion, the Marquis of HartinaTon and Sir Jonx Lunnocx having already placed themselves in avowed nntagonism to Grap- 8TONE, while HarTiNGTON throatons to resign Lis leadorship if a respectable voto is cast for tho resolutions. Tho complets dis- ruption of the Opposition is prodicted a8 tho result of the onsuing debote, and 80 ovorwholming a victory for the Min- Istry will naturally strengthon the anti-Rus. siau faction in the Houso to o degroe which will tond to hasten rather than avert the de- velopment and organization of a party fiorce for war. Absoluto neutrality means penco for Englaud ; sympathy with Turkoy and hostility toward Russia moan war; and the peace pnrty appears to bo in a hopeless minority in Parliament, Fremtan says ¢ Ono charter after another haa been pat forth to say that all tho Bultan's subjects, of whatevor re- Mzion, shall be equally under hi tection and have equal rights, Yet the Chell are every- where dealt with as bondmon; the Mohammedan {sarmed and the Christian fs unarmed; tho Mo- hammedan rales and the Christian has to obe; the Mohammedan aits {n the so-called Court of Ju: tice and refuses to take the evidenco of ths Chrls- Usn against tho worst Mohammedan offendor. Theraforo no Chriatlan {s for o moment lnany- Whataver wrong Is dous to him he has no redress, his 1lfe, his property, the honor of his famlly, are at the morcy of every Tark who thinks £00d to deal with them as he chooses, The doors of the Lloodlcst and foulest deedsmro promoted, whils any Tark who dares to act moro humanely than the rest iscommonly disgraced. ., . . The **Integrity and independence of the Ottoman Em- plre™ means that the Turk shoald ba allowed tho power of dolnp whatover ceimes he plonses ihrough 1he whole extent uf the land which he ot presont holds la bondage, What is to bs dons with the Turk? Mr. Foznun claims that the powor of the Turk is something purely avil, which cannot bo reformed, and should therefore bo dealt with like any othor ovil past remedy. His ralo ia not government or oven misgovernment, but brato forco and moro brigandage. **Ho camo in 08 o robber and ho remains as a rob- ber. Mo Las no rights oxcopt such as may be hiold to belong to a man who has, broken into the house of anothor, who has carried off his goods, Inid wnate his fields, and on- slaved or murderod his ohildron,” Tho girsct rule of tho Turk in Europo should ceaso. Bonthenstorn Europo must bo put under the rulo of law. Tho Turk must have no volce in the cholce of rulars of the Sclavio Statos, and no spot in theso lands should be garri- soned by Turkish soldiers. The last words of this ndmirablo essay, * Justice, renson, humanity, demand that tho rule of the Tark in Europe should ba got rid of, and the time for gotting rid of it has now come,” will atriko a reaponsivo chord intho breast of ev- ory lover of humanity and good governmont, 1t is tho only remedy that can rellevo tho sit. uation or bring permanont peaco in Southern Europe. THE CHICAGO WHISKY MEN. It hog become very evidant that people who engage in the nefarious busfuess of do- frauding the Government of its ravonue will flud no comfort nor sympathy from the present Administration. 'Those who were convicted and sant to the jalls or the pouni- tentiarios have renson to congratulata thom. selves on receiving their pardons from Pres- ident Grant beforo tho expiration of his term; Lnd thoy not, they wonld have beon compalied like Joxce (the only whisky-thiof who remnins in duranco) to serve out thelr terms, os tho public demanded aad expected. ‘Those who ércaped personnl punishment for their ghare in the frauds, nnd unreasonably demand, over and nbove this, an oxomption from all civil damages, may as well abandon o hope of socuring such immunity; thoy, too, should hava pressed thelr claims beforo tho lato Administration went out of office; for Presidont Ifaxzs and his Cabinot are plainly not well disposed to the condoning policy. The decision of Socrotary Smenuax, sus. talning tho opinion of the First Assistaut Hecrotary of tho Treasury in the application of the Chicago diatillers known as tho * first Latcl " for u roleaso from all civil Hability, furnishes o basis for tho vigorous prosecy. tion svorywhera on all bonds liable for tho whisky-tax out of which the Governmont has beon swindled. This ** first batch” consisted of a numbor of distillers (tho first who wors indicted in Chloago), who agrood to furnish ovidence for tho indictment and conviction of others on tho considoration that they were 1o bo dealt with loniontly. ‘Their usefulness 1o the Government consisted for tho most port in furnishing testimony on which other men, liko Rrins, were indiotod and granted partial immunity for *“squealing” on . atill uthers who could not ba convicted before & jury. Tt will thus bo seen that tho ovidence- thoy gave was of no spocial bonefit to the Govornment or the causes of justice. Nevor. thelass, thoe Court, in dofersnce to the ar- rangoment mado with them by local coun. sel, relleved thom entirely from imprison. ment and all other punitive penalty, Thero romained duo the Government tho sum of $597,993.30 of nnpaid taxes and forfelturcs, and the diatillors, having admittedly swindled the Governmont out of this amount of monoy, dosire themsclves and tholr bouds. men to bo relensed from all lability therotor, Tho proposition was n preposterous one, and yot it is undorstood that the United States Distrigt Attorney, Mr. Baxos, and perhapa a part of the local counsel sssociated with him, gave it tholr sanction. To tho ex- tont that thoy did so, thoy wero rathker coun- sol for the distillors than for tho Govern- ment. It docs not appear from all tho evi- dence presonted to the Bocretary of the ‘Troasury that thero was ever auything like an explicit understanding that theso distillers should bo oxempt from their clvil linbility, On the contrary, it appears that Scoretary Drurow, Bolicitor Witson, and Supervisor Marrurwa,—the gentlemen who wers most nctive in the affair, 89 well as belng highest in authority,—never understood Immunity from civil liability to be a part of the con. coslon to thoe distillers who *squealed ”; indeed, theso*distillers simply throw thom- selves upon the meroy of -the Govornment, aud tho Government was certainly merciful totho straining point in lotting them off without luprisonient, When they further claim that the Governmont {4 in honor bound to compromise stolen taxes to the amount of $597,093.89for the 1significant sum of $100, they simply insult the juteligence or honesty of those who have the Governmont's interost in trust, The decision, of Becretary Sazsaax not to compromise these clvil suits is further based on the broad ground that, if the local counsol did hold out the hopo to these peoplo that they would be released from their civid liability, they did what they had no aathority to do under tho law, and their action is in no sense binding upon the Government. The groat bulk of the sum due the Government from these people consists of taxes which were withheld and stolou from the Govern. mont, It would be a ridiculous proposition in law or common souse to hold that a Dis- trict Attoruey can remit Government taxes under any protext. It was well enough to say to these distillors, ** Wo will not send you to the Penitentiary or the Jail if you will help us to run to the ground the corrupt officials who enabled you to steal,” but the distillers, on that sccount, would act be any . THE LOAF OF BREAD, A loaf of bread, ona of tho most univorsal articlos of trade, is, strango to gay, as in- deflnito asto ita proportions nsis a ¢ hand- ful," a *cupful,” a *“picco of chalk,” or n ‘‘little moro.” Broad is ono of the osson. tials of life,—a mattor of primo necesalty,— nnd {n largo cities ia tho largest itom of wx- ponditure in familles of limited means, The attempts to form in this city a bakers' unfon— that is to sny, an organization whereby bakers may establish a trado prico for tho sale of bread—disoloses tho fact that a *‘loat” of bread may vary from oight ounces to thirty- two ounces of bread, and that the prices of those loaves vary from four to 12 cents a loaf, The trado has its diMoulties, Assuming that a ‘“loaf™ salls at rotall for five conts, thore are othor bakers who will undertake o ac~ quiro customors by offering tosell their bread &t four conts 0’lonf, and, a4 many people as- sumo that & “*loat” is always tho samo, the man who underblds draws off the oustom, though poasibly giving less broad in propor. tion to the money than those demanding fivo cents a loof. That thevo is o gront amount of dishoneaty practicod in tho sale of bread is bpyoud all doubt, and tho victins of thia dishonesty ars that great mass of the public who buy their bread of the bokers from day to day and moal to maal, and have notthe means to buy flour and bako their own brend. This very class of tho publio are the lonst ablo to bear oxtor- tion; to them, light welght In broad is Hter- ally taking the broad out of their mouths, To many of these families the itom of bread is o large and expensivo one, 'To a laboring man, with wife sud four children, fourloaves of brend a day is but » roasonable'allowance, considering tho extent to which broad has to supply tho place of other food, Assuming fivs conts to bo a falr price for o pound loaf of bread, this will givo as the avoruge outlay for the waekly supply of bread for n family §1.40, while tho wages of tho head of tho family will not oxceal an average of $7.50 o weok, Nearly ono-fitth of the entire carnings, thorefore, is spent for brend, aud it is of couslderable importance to the pur. chiaser that Le bo not swindlod, uot only in quality, but in the quaatity he gots for Lis money, The average five-cent loaf ought to contain ono pound of good bread. That will Yyiold the, baker from 312 to $15 per barrel of flour,—n sufiiclont wargin to cavor all ox- pensos and leavo o large sum for profit. Now, disclaiming any purpose to refer to any pemion or perions in particular, or to quostion tho integrity or justica of bukers us a trade or individually, it fs no- torious that five-ceut loavos of Lraad do not welgh aixtoen ounces; it is equally notori. ous that thelr welght varies from tou to four. teen ounces; and that, if tho prics bo re. duced to four cents a loaf, the welght fs ro. duced to a lower number of ounces. Tho enormity of this fraud s very ovident, and it is particularly griovous becausa it falls upon tho clase who can least offord it, aud who are helpless to defend thomselves, 'I'hore is no law in this city which compels bakers to put sixteen ounces, or any othier number of ounces of broad, in aloaf. There {s a tra- ditional impression that there is or ought to Be some aflluity botweon aloaf and & pound af bread. ‘There i, however, no law in Chi- vago which requires tho loaf to ba s pound or any other woight or quantity. Every man, thersfore, buyy baker’s bread at & ven. T\fl‘k, can never bo made muoh bettar. The Tark cannot roform, becauso the principles of his religion forbid him to reform. As bo anything but a forsign ruler over subject nations in theirewn land; and sucha for- elgn rulor can hardly fail to be a foroign op- What Zave the Turks dons? Monasnesn taught hia followers to spread his religion by the sword, and to fight tho infidel until either ho embraced Islam or bocame a trib- ute-paying subject,-—a bondman in his own land. This policy was sarried out from the timo they meized Gallipoli, and made their Oncrax AwuraTH, Basazer, Awvratn tho Becond, and Monamuzn the Conguoror, who overthrew Constantinople, and consolidated Turkish dominion on this basis of comploto Then followod the iribute of children, who wero subsequently organized oppression. DBasager organizéd expeditiona of hiavoq and plunder, in which human prey wns sought for the basest of purposes, and the murder of n Snltan’s brothors at his sc- queror, the charadter of the Ottoman power 03 a system of oppression, oruelty, and bratal lust, became folly established, and {from that day to this the promiss of n Turk has never been mado but to bo broken.” MAY 7. 1877. tare, taking the risk, sud is bound by his purchase, Assuming that family purchasos during tho soven days of a week twenty-eight loaves at five cents a Joaf, and that esch of thoso lonves ought at lenst weigh ono pound of good wholasomo bread, we find that at the end of threo months tho expenditure for broad has beon $18.20, But if, as fa un. doubtedly tho caso, theso loaves nvoraged only twelve onnces of bread each, then dur. ing theso three months the family ia swin. dled out 'of $4.55, or equal to ninety-one loaves of bread. Taking, however, tho actual amount of bread delivered for the money recoived, the prico exacted wns at tha rate of six and two-thinls cents per pound loaf. If the lonves were honestly one pound ocach, the purchaser would in three months' timo have had ninety-one pounda mora bread, or conld have disponsed with the purchase of ninoty-one pounds, or ono loaf s day, at n saving of $4.56, and still have had ns much bread as ho actually recoived for his money. ‘Tho romedy for this injustice, or, more properly speaking, the moans of pravention for this swoeping oxtortion, {s for the Com. mon Council to requirs that bread shall Lo sold by weight, in loaves of six. teon, twonty-four, or thirty-two ounces each; tho weight of tha loaf being established, thon tho purchaser, being cor- tain of getting an ascortained weight, will be at liborly to bay bread from that baker who will soll the pound loaf for tho least money, 8nch a law oxists in many States of the Union, and ought to oxist liero, whoro mora than half the bread consumed by the publie is purchased from the bakers. Tho City Council ought to have less hesitation in pass- ing such an ordinanoe, bocause nearly nll the reputable bakerain the city not only ap. prove such a regulation, but positively dosire it na o protection ngainst those who offer ** lonves " ot o reduced price porloat, giving, however, less bread for. the monoy. Buch an ordinanca would bo n great public bonefit, and would reduce practically the prico of broad from 10 to 26 per cent, —, VITAL BTATISTIOS, It i3 to bo hopod not morely that the Tilinots Logislature will pasa the bill provid- ing for tho Doportmont of Slatistios pro. poscd, bat that some provision bo mada for enabling tho Commissionoer to collact by a thorough system of looal co-oporation trust. worthy vital statistics that will onable him to make up an annual compilation. of the births, marriages, and doatha in tho State, It hiag boon tho obsorvation of all persons who are interested in statistical information that tho vital statistics of this country are notably deficiont, and they can only bo made complota and satisfactory by somo aystom of intor-Btato co-operation. It is not practi- cablo for the General Government to take n consus more than onoo ovary ten years; ond that {s nocessarily incomplete, becauso tho persons intrusted with it are only temporary offlclala, Again, the Genoral Government is 80 compleloly soparated from the police and magistracy system of local Govornmont that it will bo impossible to establish o thorongh and satisfactory col. lection of vital statistics throngh its ngoncy. This can only bo acoomplished by the States acting separately. 5 Tho laws in Europoan countrios aro very exnoting in the matter of vital statlstics, In Great Britaln an annual census of births, deaths, and marriagos is taken, though there ia & gonoral consus only once in ten years, Francoe hsa a gystom which might bo imi. fatod in this country without incroasing the number of officoholdora, The ' civil rogls- tration of births, doaths, and marriagos is onforoed by rigid laws. Marringes must Lave the certificato of tho Mayor of the commune (corrosponding to our towns), and births and doaths must be roported to the samo officor within twonty-four hours after tholr occurrenco, No barial is permitted without the writton authority of this oficer; this cortificate is only issucd upon the declaration of two witnessos—the noarcst relatives or noarest nelghbors—or the porson in whoso housa tha doath occurred if the de- consed was a stranger, and the record shows the name, age, birthplace, and last rosi. donce of the doceased. In Germany deaths aro reported to the minister of tho parish, whilo those not belong- ing in tho parish aro roported to tho magistrate, and both records are tranamitted at certaln dates to the atatidtioal bureanat Borlin, In Austria no burial is permitted without a cortificats, and the maglatrates thus keep n completo record, - The nsefulneas of vital statistics Is too well known to roquiro comment. Thoy assist matorially in cstimating the growth or de- cline of communities, they show .the com. parative healthfulness of localities, and they are of the greatest sorvico frequently in quostions of identity and the sattloment of estates, It Tinols should begin to make an annual colloction of tho vital utatistics of this Btate through the agonoy of the local offl. cinls, it is likoly that the othor Btates would saon follow, and in a fow yoars it might be posaible, without any apparent inorense of expenso, to- havo an annual record of tho vital statistica of the whole country by State communication to the Dopartmont of Sta. tutica of tho General Government, | ;u‘ud}; lm;h-‘:nefi of Taoosas No man In the United tated deservea this friendly recognition of the exe Prostdent moro than” Mr, Niwr, for no ons man contribnted mora powerfully to the unfulling sup. port of the GrAxT Admimstration by the people 5["'“&'1““ the great political caricagurist, —Zoledo de. It true, it 18 tho thimgest bit of toadylsm all around, even in sentlmeut, of anythiug of lato occurrence, Thero Is no reason why Mr. Nast should not be the host of Uen, UnanT, for the ox-Presidcut has bad hosts worse fn reputation, Aud us Yor deserving such triendly recogule tion," It scems as §f honors ouzhit to bu tho other way, With the highest reapect tor Gen. GRranT, it fs well to remember that hels buta cltlzen, above no one ln rauk, deserviug well of his country for his many good deeds {n her bo- half, but cooferriug no bonor upon honest wen by the acceptance of their gaod wishes or of thelr bospltadity, If Mr, Niav thinks that be has deserved this “fricudly. resogultion,” he bad better rotire from the caricaturing business and cultlvato his weakucss until he can depend upon sycophiaucy for a living. Carroy, fu his ¢ privilege ¥ specch the other day, #ald tbat his (false) uceusation sgalust Tum Tuisuxs's 8pringtield reporter *was directod at thiv nan beblud bim, T5 was directed at the mauwho had made false and walicious attacks upon this Legislature ever since his namo had been stricken from the lst of Trustees of the DougLay wonument.” Of all the proposterous and contenptiblo reasons we bave over heand allezed for & wean and cowardly act, this beats it. Who laserted the “1nau’s"t uamo in the list of monumnent Trustoes be never kuew, and that ft was stricken out Lo uever before heard; but its inscatlon wus unauthorized, sud its ro- touval (s o, zoeable to thy “1wan,” as he hud oo thmo tospare for the duties. ‘The trouble with ©ALLOM ls, that Lie was ono of the worst slinks sod shirks In the House, sud he s coragod at ths expvosure of bis delinquency; fnstead of spologlaing tuay’s coostituents, ho abused hia Gen. Qnaxr E;m-,- the carleaturiat, privilega ta slander areporter. The Bpringflsld Journal, which 1s cognizant of the disgraceful absenteelsm, thus apeaks of the class of mem- bers to which this OaLLOK belonga: These explinitions nf absencs were he:e:lll‘ly sbed i Tna Tninuse, bot it is undenfuble that most of the absences wore not justifiable, The memhfin we:c oma to tele families, ue attending to thelr prisato bnsl- news, or luafing abont euloons and gaming-places mado st the the the report was fiest publ {unketing sbout tlie Niate, ‘or ranain ‘I'iey lewerved the exposure they #ot, And it ia but just (0 their constituents that tho facte 1t ahall have the effect o make them sore attentive to their business, 5o that Iegislation shail not longer ba delayed, Lot tha shunld be made knawn, 1f roperly subserved, it will bave ublic Intercata be p good and no harm, lone much e —— Tho telaf of the Emma-Mine ault agatast T, W. Parg and his Ameriean assoslates to re- cover 85,000,000 that was pald for it, on the ground of fraudulent representations, lasted four and a half months, commencing In the mid- dic oflast December. When the jury brought in averdict for PAng, that fodlvidual was so taken by surprise or overcome by emotion that ho sat Iu his chalr almost powerless for a time., The English plalutits will, it {s sald, carry the caso up to the United States Supremo Court, Says the Bpringficld Republican : 1t had been expected in advance that the jury would disagree, as tha testimony was very con. Micting and the'casa overy way & yood denl mixed, Of course, it ts Imposslble to lathom the pre 8104 of the Jury to thelr agreoment for the de- fenilants, Whether they belicved there was no frand In Panx's ssle of the mine In London: or that he and his associates really thelr storles of ite value; or that thele En- gk asvociates woro orI‘u-lly responsible I thore was 8 frand, and that the present English owners should aeek thelr rodress at Lome before coming over horc; or that, even If Pank himself Jran responsible for a fraud, the other Americans, like Gen. DaxTen, wao were associated with him in the snit, were, o8 may rndfli he believed, al. tozether fnnocent of any wrong doing; or whether 4 biasted Englishman had no rights apyhow that an American jnr‘ any orall of theac or other cousiderations secured the verdict, it {s not probable that tho iaost in- enlons lnmrvlewluf reporter will ever be able to nd out. lnt. whatever tho legal declslons In thls case, it 18 not Jikely that the general publie will ever ssrioualy ehtnfl: the judginent of the trans: Uon, Whilg it probably was no worse than dozes of other marketings of inlning and rallruad prop- erties, and foatings of loans on tender securltics, alike at London, New York, and San Francisco, it over lkely toassume o place {n history as s ctly honorable and legitimate trade, Rood ny horso sales have been miado, where the horae was fixed for the purchascr and the purchaser fixad for the horse, that wonld yet stand the ordeal of the courts. —— The Democrats of the South Carolina Legls- laturc are {ovestigatiog certain charges against the Clerk of the Senate (Woobrurr) and Secn- ators Wirrreaons, Nasm, and others, The maln charge is that they were don wivants at the cxpeuse of the State Treasury. It is alloged that at nearly cvery committea mecting the Clerk of the Scuatc would send the orders signed by him In his official capacity to Colume bia merchants for champague, clgars, hrandy, ete. Among the ordera are the tollowing specl- mens; CoLu: 8, C., March8, 1872.—2fr, Grorge Syminers " Pleass ket o9 Jox best haimons: J. Woovnury, &‘E Send to Plnance Committeo rootn, Ju M. Avzeyv, Taous Joixt Srxcial InvestioaTing Coxaire TEE, Cotunai, 8, C., April 7. 1871,—Nr, Sym- mera: Pleano dellver bearor one box best cleurs, one gallon best whisky, aud one bux (pints) chame vague for J, Wounnury, per order of above, J. B, Dewwa, Decexsxn 10, 1873, —Georqs Symmers, Fiq.: Please acnd A cave of champagne toSenstor Nasit's residence, and charge » Woovnurr, C, Drcaanen 10, 1873, =Mr: Symmers : Please E‘m bearer one dozen bottles whisky, Putin a X, 04 1 wish him to take {¢ to Senstor Nasu's resldenco. J. Woonnury, Q. 8, Besides the lquors, there were orders given for barrels of sugar and of flour, and other eat- ables, A Republican member offered the reso- lution of fuvestigation, and a majority of the Republicans voted for it. In this respect Ro- publicans net differently from Dentocrats, who, as arule, try to conceal and cover up the depro- datlons of their partisan compatriota. e A curions caso came up {n London the other day |o the naturo of a summons In the West- minster Pollcg Court agninst a member of Par- liament for using abusive language, calculated to provoke a breachof the peace, in thelobby of the House of Commons, and threatening o Pare lamentary reporter, ‘The Magistrato dismlssed the application upon tho ground that the action did not oceur ln “n public place," whereupon the Pall Mall fazeite says: *“This deciston was no doubt correct, but it places the member of Farllament whose couduct bas been fmpugned in an unfalr and unpleasant position. e would naturally bo anxious to bave tho matter thoroughly Invostigated, and thus to secure an opportunity of explainlng or justifylng tho strong expreasions lo has eald to bave used. Mureover, the reputation of the House of Com- mons is o matter of no slight lmportance tothe aation as well as to itselt,” Axntnoxy TnunstoN, a negro preacher of Oglethorpo County, Ga., wos recently so whip- ped by a party of men that he published a card stating that s ‘* would never agaln make s po- litical speech, delivera sermon, or vote & Re- publican ticket; from henceforth ho is an un- awerving Democrat.” ‘I'hs sort of thing comes from permitung Sunser Cox, Iluwirr, and others, to go Bouth In the interests of Reform. ‘TrunsToN probably felt the party lash until ho was converted; but we would suggest that that sort of argument Ia not the way to carry elece tious, Itdoes not mcan paclfication. It fs simply the Democratic loglcof ante-War times, and was auswered by battle. Georglana had better study the scienceof repudiation, and let the negroes alone so long as they obey thelaws. ——— A pro-Turkish paper goes for the Muscovite in this vigorous stylo: Even Catnamiir the Second, that 1iberal lady, who contented hervelf with 200,000 square milos of Pollsh terriwory aud u fresh husband per weok, ‘was a0 scandalized by the nddelity of Bultan Soty+ MaxX that eho felt ‘It her duty Lo wrench from his clutches the Urinean penlnsuia and a conslderalis strip of 1snd on the Sea of Azov. llor misvionaey. in-chiaf, 1tfeld 3Marshal Suwanowre, boasted of having cut short the blasphenious careor uf 90,000 infidels fu lvsy than a twelvemouth, and givine then foretasto of hell in the destructivn of Jsmail, which ushored 24, 000 wale and 122,000 fee mule inbelievers tnto the presouce uf thelr oute reged Creator, ) | ———— . Because the Springfield Journal happened to be printed ot the Mitle Capltal of a urcat State, 1t Imagined that it spoke ez cathedna to the rest of th press of the Statoand had & prescriptive right to abuse the Presldont, denounce Llg policy, and demand an office, Tuu Trinuns, With ns much regard as possible for Its feellogs, has indicated fn some pleasant paragraphe that 1t might, after all, be ruoning too much engine and shafting for the size snd horse-power of its boller, Weregret to scc that it dun't reccive the suggestion kindly, i AnEastern lllustrated Journal has perpetrate cd the greatest joko of the season. 1t publishe ed plctures o members of the * Parsgraphers’ Associatlon,” sud not one ot those members s able to recogulze bimself, ————— PERSONAL. Harte and Twain bring out their new vplay in Washington to-morrow night because they desplae the New York crltics. Dy Howard Crosby hopes that the Turks willbe successfal, for tho reason that they aro **far more llboral Iu apirit and favorable 1o evan. gellcal truth thau tho Kusslans," Misu Minuie Clark, of Baltiwore, desires sshare of tha property recovered by Myra Clark Galues, Bho clalms that her fathor was s brother ©f Myy3, and untitied to as much of tue estate, Mary Clommer is pald $30 per week by the Now York Jndepeadent, aund $30 for every late tarehe writes for the Clucinnatl Commercial, and Bas all the transient work shio can do at good rates. Ex-Bocretary Fish is spoken of as the pos- slbla succossor of Mr, Edwards Pierzepont st the Court of Bt James next fall. It is certain thst Mr, Plorrepont has renowed the lease of bia houss only untll November, ‘When Mr. Seward wae in England, he want luto the Cryatal Palsce snd lighted a cigar, A policoman stopped bim, snd, in & tone of su- thority, sald: ¢*Elr, 1t's agsinst the roles 10 smoke uld have been stteaalng to the pub- halleved wera bounid to rempect,—~whethor in thess gronne Pat out your cigar or leave tny £, Beward rejolned with equa) dignity, *It's sgalust the ralea for me to give yoq half.a-crown, Take It, and pat 1t In your pockey, and leave my presence.' Tho Rev. E. P, Hammond {s conducting 5 religious revival In Seneca ralls, N, Y., famous [} the soat of the minufactura of steam firo-engines, audon that account fall of slnnors who sco sf tha horrors of the orthodox hell, In rogard to the statoment that Trenor Park proposes to prees his libel saft Rpalnst thy New York Zribuné, the editor of that paper say: !4Xo doubt thia would be sultable timo for iy TPark tomore n that snit. We shall habor to by ready for him, " The Nation sayscruelly that if Mr, Clarenc Cook wore loss Impreased with the atrength of hie own powenl es8 hamorlet, he would be master of 8 better style. Tho fftecn newapaper humorlsty eecently betrayed (n the Graphie shoald lay thiy flattering unction to thelr souls. 8purgeon denounced in good round terms fhe Committee now ongaged in n rovision of the Tible, and wald tholr work oueht 1o ba bneneg, One of by momberd of the Commitlee, why had strayed Into the church by chanea that Suuday, bad the felicity of hearing the discourse, " Bolim R. Boy, who hns represonted him. selfas an Egyptlan of great wealth, and haero. cently beon 8 guest at. the \Windsor and Fifth Arve. nuo Hotols In New Yark, is reported to be a pro. feasonal ewindlor, Mo was originally o deagoman in Byria, . Friends of tho Rev. Joln Miller, latoly on trial befors the Princeton Presbytory, clalm thay boat least deservossome credit for originality, baring made several improvemonts of his own on lieresion that have become historle. ITe ought to bave them patented. The Manhattan Club is now the objoct of minaled acorn nnd derlston among the. fashlonsile Joung men of Now York In consoquonce of an edict of the managomant forbidding the playing ot draw-poker, It has consequently lost all sty preutige as a tralning-school for pollticians. Tho Nation is delighted with the {den of an attack on Mr, Blalno on the partof Mr, Btanley Matthews. Blalne has spoken ao often of arraign. ing the Adminlateation that it wontd be rofreshing, Just for o change, for the Adminlstration toar. ralgn him, Wha éan stand tho process of invexf gation better? AMr. Jossph Cook spoke in the Boston Tab. ernacle yesterday, and It 1s hopod he may bring the *'mind " of that wicked city to a reallzing senzo of Its narrowness aud concelt. What Moody could not touch, Cook may penotrate, 1t fs proper bere ta say something of the epear of Ithurlel, but space forbids, Tho wife of a popular proscher at the Temple Church, London, Invited several Hinda gentlemen studying for the Bar to musle, taik, snd tea. Thoy didnotcome, At lnst b asked the sorvant whether no one had called, **Noone, ma'am, " he roplied, **bat somo nigger minstrels, and of courso I tarned them away., " Count Alexauder Huhn, who killed his an. tagonist in a duel In Russla and fled the country, bas since beon recalledand restorod to hie rank of Colonel~in tho,Chasseurs of the Grennalers, e hns passed his perlod of exile tn Novada, where e bas been plucking fruits meot for repeutance In tho caphcity of walter at a restaurant in Eureks, Mr. John 8, Olarke, the Philadelphia co. medlan now In London, teiegraphs 1o his frionds: ‘*Tho dispatch atating that T was bankrupt fs abaolutely and shameful, My fnanclal cir- cumstances were never bettor, My unincumbered property is worth half a million doilars, and, what Iw better than that, my family and self are in ex- collent health and apirits, " Mr, Walter Shanloy has faflod in hig st tempt to secure an appropriation of $160,000 from the Massachusetts Logialature to make good hils losses on the lloosac Tannel contract. ThoNorth Adamas people wore warmly in favor of Mr, Shan., loy'sclalm, considering it only Just In viow of the barassing obligations Imposed upon him by In- compotent and unfriondly State ofiloluls, Henry Clay Donn, fu a pnblic specch, once challenged any ofhis hearers to name an {ne stance where Domocratlc party had squandered . An old farmer arose and fn. coker that he could give one, ‘*Namo t,"sald Dean, ‘'Give the time and place,"" **It was when the Unlted Statea pald tho salary of Uenry Clay Doan as Chaplaln of the Sen- ale, "' sald the farmer, Mr, Jonuings, in hiz copacity as London correspondent of the New York World, had a con- veration with Oukey 1fsll in London not long since. The ox-Mayor assured Jennlngs fhat not a* soul knew of his plans in learlag New York, snd that it was his exoresa object to have it supposed that he had been mads away with, so that no fo- quirles sbould bo made for him after the Grat scnsa- tion had pasacd away, Tho boys in tho Benior olass of the Michigan University have fallen into s stato of righteous Indignation ia conseqqenco of the onler of the Faculty prohibiiing dancing In the Unle . Thoy Bave resolved to take no part n 08 of Class-Day o Commencement, snd to sustain nono of the expenses usual on such caslons, 1t ls a small matter efther way, and the Faculty can galn no cred(t from the céntest, whate ever tho lovus may be. Reforringto Rev, Mr, Cook'statoment that in Boston **Tle Sunday-school as an instrumen- tahty for the educstlon of soclety was hardly & Eerm Aty yeary ago. It was a hopo; it wae an ime pulao; It hiad no defintto position, "—a correspond- ent of the Advertlser calle attantion to tho fact that tho first Bunday-school in Boston, that cone nected with the Weat varleh, was foanded in 1813 Dby Lydia Adawns, and was something moro thans germ {n 1820, whon Mr, Beecher came to Doston, Landor did not.highly estoem *the dra matlsts who rejoice n the titlo of Elizabethans," 88 1f, he aays, in a letter to Proctor, **that paltry, snarling old bitch oughttp give her name toany- tulog 50 great as oven » moderatn-ajzod poet, Bub all thingy ara now Llizabethan, from' poets that, nobody can read to windows that nobody can look- outof. Whata poot poor Kests would hove beon ithe bad lved! Ie had something of Shakspears Lo him, and (what nobody clse ever:'bad) wuch, Yery much, of Chaucer," Paniloe, the actor who s fo play A4 Sin In Mark Twain's new play, one of his front **Look st him, " sald Mark; **alo't ust and wandering Chineso Ly nature? Beo thuae two front teeth of Parsloe, just separated far envugh to glve him the true Mongol look." **Yes," sald Parsloe, **when tho fellow kuocked out that middle tooth some years sgo ! way msd, Lut now 1 ala't mad vne bit." **Thore," sald Mark, **thers lsthoinstinet of art! He would loso his whole jaw, his dyspopals, or anything to bo an artist. Paraloa's a devotod fellow," ¥ Dr, Crosby writes to the New York Trd une lu correction of tho statoment that he prayed for the success of the Turkish arms, snd etate) publicly bls belict that the Turks wera more lib- oral than the Russtans, Mr, Whitelaw Reid ap- pends o uote to the communication of Dr. Crosby, in which the explanation {s offered that the re= markaroferredto were uttered by Mr. Wells, and oz- roneounly attributed to Dr, Crosby by the reporter. *The reporter Las Leen dismisscdl," adds Mr Reld in his cold-blooded way; whenco we lofer that, whether the Turks are tmore Jiberal than the Ttussians or not, they aro more Nberal than Mr. Whitelaw Reld. It is delightfal to see the Bpringfield Juepublican—itselt 5o abla and sturdy & roproseata~ t{v0 of all that 1s good iu Jourallem—stand up for the digulty of the profession. Iaa recent asticle on thalaw of libol, ss recenily wnunclated in the Starkweather cae, {tsays: ** No other profession —oot mediciue, not the clergy, not oven the lar, which snlffy st tha pross as & nulsance aad chronie mivdemeanor—ls digulfod with un equal stirl- bute, or oxsited to & higher privilege, Yot the ore important and the more diligent, falthful, intolligent, and independent have ' become the ‘services of the preas, the more completely have the courts placed it outslde the protection of law sod denled It the recogultion which its oftice In modirn life domands, " The saleof the large collection of china sad other ware bolonging to the late Mr. Robert Napler, of Glasgow, which wss held recently in London, was a notable affalr, Two plates originally belonging to tho set mada for the Ew~ press Catharine of Rusuls brought excoptionsl pnces. Ons, o plate, turquolss ground, Wity Boral cipher of the Empress Catharine In the centre and cameo subjects around tha rim, sold fer $787.53; the companton plate for $702.25. Thess are aald tobe the highest prices svar pald fors singlo plate. Mr, lor waa sald fo bave pald 40 guineas vach for (heso plates, which, at Lhat tims, ‘Was & most unusual pri e labelieved vust thess plates will be restorsd to the servico at Bt. Petars- barg, of which they are & part, snd from Which ey bave been separated for many years,