Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 13, 1877, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: ''UESDAY, MARCH 13, 1877 4 Thye Tntbmve. ps TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. ’ BT MAIL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGT PREPATD AT TS OFFICE. 1y Fdltion. tpatd: ) yeai B fil\;fidly Kdttlon: Literary and Rel ntnrday ke clye pi - Weekiy, ald, 1 year, IR WEERLY EDITION, POSTPAY One. (‘o’\{. per ¥ Clubof ten...... Clobof twenty. .. Tostage prepatd. frecimen coples sent free. To prevent delsy and mistakes, be sureand give Poste Cfmeesddress in full, Including State and County. Jemit{ancesmay be made elther by deaft, express, Tust-Ofice order, or fn registered leiters, at our risk. 7ERMS TO-CITY SURSURIDERS. Titiiy, delt eered, Bunday excerted, 25 cents per week, ? itvered, Sunday Included, 30 ccnts per week 3 THE TRIBUNE COMI'ANT, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts., Chicsgo. kil L AMUBEMENTS. MeFicker’s Theatros Madison street. between Dearborn aod State. *Lemons." Afternoon andeventag. Haverly’s Thentre. Randolph strect, Detween Clark snd LaSaile. **Evangeline,” Afternoon and evening. % Adelphl Thentre. Montoe street, corner Dearborn. Variety enter- tainment. Afternoon and evenlng. SOCIETY MEETINGS, TILAIR LODGE, No. bers'or this Lodgs are here Mavons' Hall, 74 y1onroe-s Brethren traternatiy vited sl ; rethren fral ly vy o i bml.'v PordEt of this We Skt *DOSNELL, Secreiary. TUESDAY, MARCH 13, 1877. Greenbacks at the New York Gold Ex- chango yesterday closed at 053, Commissioners McOarrary and CoNvy aro establishing a dangerous precedont in refus- ing to servo on any committos with & mem- ber who hns been guilty of official dis- honesty. If this rule iato provail horeafter in tho Connty Board, it will be nocessary to reduco tho committee membership to a unit in each easo. The financial statement of the City Comp- troller for the flacal yoar 1870 Is printed clse- ‘whero in our columns this morning. Among tho items of interest in the roport that of 4t uncollected taxes” will attract cspeoinl notice. It ia earnostly commended to the attontion and respectful consideration of the Legislaturo a3 a siriking proof of the urgent necessity which exists for such legislation as will facilitato tho collection of back taxes, Vice-President Waxeren has adopted an oxcellent rule with regard to official patron- age, and one which will inure to his own peaco of mind and morit the President's thanks, Mr, Wueeren annonnces that if ho Lins relatives or dear frionds who are anxious to serve their country for their own good, theso parties must not expect him to plead their causo before tho President. He will limit his influenco in this regard to giv- ing an lonest opinion regarding the appli- cant when the President may solieit it. Any anxious inquirers who may expect the Vice- President to intorest himself further in their Lebalf will be doomed to dissppointment. Tho resignation of Buox Camenox as United States Senator from Pennsylvania wag yesterday placed in the hands of Gov. 1anTranFT, and by him communicated to the Legislature, upon whicl will devolve the duty of nt ouce filling the vacaucy. Mr. Casenox's torm would lave expired March 1679, and his voluntary retirement is under. stoad to have been actuated by adesire to secure for his son, J. DoNaLp OAMERON, ex- Hecretary of War, the succossion to his sent in tho Scnato, Present indicatlons are that tho shrowd old man has calculated rightly, and that tho Peunsylvania Sonatorship will remain in tho CauenoN family for somo Years to come, Becretaries Evants and Scnurz have been nppointed o Committeo of Two to draft a set of rules to govern tho subject of appoint. monts, and among the changes in this direc- tion which are certain to be recommended is o rulo providing that tho recommendations of members of Congres shall receivo no consideration except when their opine ion is msked as to tho qualifications of persons under consideration with refer- crence to appointment. Thore is every prob- obility of the adoption and enforcomont of such rule, and it will be interesting to ob- servo tho effoct of this radical roform of the Civil Servico upon tho Senators and Repre- sentatives who have Litherto usurped the prerogative of appointments, A ‘Tho clection, on Baturday lnst, of M. Do- rox vE Lowe, o Bonapartist, to'tho life-Ben- otorship made vacant by tho death of Gen. Omaxoanyizn, was brought about by a coa- lition of all tho factions hostilo to the Ro- public of France, and isthereforo commentod upon in London aud Parla as a politienl event of grave significance, The alliauce of the Bonapartists and Legitimists was to have been expected, but their success in securing tho adhesion of the Orleanlsts, whoso party Jeader, D'Auptrzuer Pasquies, i the Presl. dent of the Senate, and in thus accomplishe ing tho defeat of the moderate Republican candidate opposed to pe Lowe,—this has ex- cited astonishmont and deep concern-among tho supporters of tho Governmont, llqueseul:lh;l:ul mnd;l;y ll:omlnanl Bouth. Carolina Republicans now in Washington aro to the effcct that the Cuixbrnuux Gov. ertmeut has reached the last ditch, aud that without the presence of the Federal troops the Btate-llouss could not be leld an lour, and Xaseron's - authority would Lo supreme and unquestioned. 'Fhe caso seems to bo hopeless for Cmax. oeneaiy, who is sald to bo far weaker in ,Bouth Carolina than Pacxau isin Louisiana, sud everythiog poiuts to the probability of the early withdrawal of the military support Ly which alone Hawerox is preventod from taking possession of the Btate-House aud from exercising tho remaining wnall fraction .of tho Guberuatorial functions from which Lo {s now debarred. "Iho Chicago produce markets were active and irregulor yesterday, provisious being very weak, Mess pork closed (0o per brl lower, ut $13.25@13.80 for April and $18.47}@13.60 for May, Lard closed 23 @2Tic per 100 Ibs lower, at $8.92@8.95 for April and $0.05@9.07) for May, Meats closed Jc per 1t lower, at 4o for looso ehoulders, Te for short-ribs, and 7ic for shortclears. Highwines were 1o lower, at §1.04 per gallon, Flour wsa quiet and un. changed. Wheat closed 4o lower, at 81,223 for Marh' and §L24 for April. Corn closed Jo lower, at 89)c for March and 430 for Blay. Oats closed §o higler, at 82§c for ,April aud 850 for Muy., Rye was quiet, ot Clabde. Burley closed 1o lower, at 480 for March and 47}¢ for April. and closed weak, at 10@300 decline, at 5.15 @7.25 for light and $4.00@5.60 for heavy. Cattle were in good demand and were firm, with sales nt $2.75@5.26. Bheep wero in- active and unchanged. One hundred dol- Iars in gold would boy $10L560 in green. backs at the close. yeaterday sdopted resolutions warmly ap- Hogs wore quiet The Nrcrorta Legislaturo at Now Orleans proving tho Southern policy of Prosident Hares' Administration, and pledging earnest co-operation ith the offort to restore con. fidenco nnd fraternal relations among the people, and to secure protection to lite and liberty . in Louisisna, It is now prac. tically settled thot the Nicmonis Log- fglatnre will not enter upon tho clection of a United States Senator, but will leavo thoe field freo to Keirogo, of whoso admission, under these circumstances, thero wonld be scarcely a donbt. The withdrawal of all opposition by tho Louisiana Demo- crats to the adinission of Kxuroco, and tho adjonrnment of tho Legislature without choosing a contestant to hia soat, is a point gained townrd the adjustment of tho compli- cation in that State, For what the Common Council has done in increasing the voting facilities in Chicago the people will bo thankful, for the increaso ws sorely needed; but it is to bo regreited that the Council did not make a thorough job of it when once it bad the matter under consideration. The addition of twelvo voting procincts is good, but the nddition of three times twolve would have been bettor.. As tho matter is left by the ordinanco passed yestorday, thero are seven wards in which tho averago number of votes {on precinct ia largely in excess of what it should be for the convenienco of the voters; seven wards in which the average is from 670 up to 764, which is ' larger number of votes than can bo polled without subjecting the voters to great inconvenienco and loss of time, The people of these soven wards will bo apt to wonder why their Aldermen neglected to provide o sufficiont number of polling-places when a simple request would, have securod the necessary incroase. i A —— Bcarcely n day passes but tho cablo dis- patches contain nccounts of fresh murders, atrocities, and outrnges perpotrated upon tho Christian inhabitants of Bulgaria, Armonia, aud Bosnia by the Turkish tax. gatherors and roving bands of Bashi-Bazouks, In Bosnia a general massacro of Christians is imminent st tho honds of the fauatieal Mohammedans ronsed to a piteh of religious frenzy by the appenls of the wandering dervishes, and many are fleeing to Austrin for refuge. Thoothorsideof thestory is presented by tho ex-Englishman, Hoparr Pasua, nowan Admiral in the Turkish navy, who, in alotter in the Loudon 7'imes, contradicts theso re- ports, asserting that tho country is quiet, life and property as safo as anywhere in Europe, aund Christians aro pursning thelr avocations in safety. England, remember. ing that similar donials and assurances wero plentifally forthcoming provions (o the official investigation of the Bulgarian hor- rors, will not be spt to put much falth in Hopanr Pasma'’s pleturo of profound tran- quillity, THE GRANGER LAWS, Wo have already, in commenting on the recent decisions of tho Bupremo Court in the Granger cases, pointed out the extent to which thego decisions substitute a now rule of constitutional power by Stato Legislatores for that nsserted by tho same Court in the Dartmouth Collego caso half a contury ngo, The Now York Nation now undertakes to point out possiblo dangers resulting from this judicial recognition of tho power of *he State, This danger consiats in.the possibla:. abuses in tho exerclso of this power to regu- Iato the rates of transportation on railronds. Tha writer in the Nation not ouly scoms to think, but boldly charges, that the Legisla- tures of the Western States aro. generally composedof ignorant men, who caro nothing for property interests, and are apt to be led away by popular feeling or by corrupt mo- tives, This, comiog from-a New York paper supposed to be fomiliar with legisla. tion, and especially railroad legislation in - New York and Pennsylvanis, rcads liko an cxtravagance rather than asn candid criti- clam, After conceding that the decision of tho Supremo Court leaves tho railroads of this country in precisely thosamo position towards tho Government as tho railroads of all civilized countries, and that tho Rail- road Comuission in Evgland bas pow- ors of Interferenco with tho working of rallroads such ‘as do mot exist in this country, and is in tho regular exercise of those powers, and that similar powors oxist and are exorolsed olsowhero, it insiats that ‘“‘nowhere cxcept in tho Western Btates of tho Unlou does such interference, or the threat of it, excite alarm and depreciate tho property of stockliclders, The reason of this iy, that in no othercivilized Btatesis cor- porato property, or any property, in any way devoted to public use, exposed na it ia in' tho Western States to damage or ‘depreciationh through gusts of popular pasaion,” This {8 writton on tho thcory that the Granger lows were enacted to depreciate the value and destroy the property of raflronds, in which stockholders hisd so largely in. veated, Nothing i moro absurd. The peo- pleof the West have no feeling or intoreat in the depreciation or destruction of rallrond property. On tho contrary, they have shown theif liberality to railroads in every possiblo shape, The municipalities of tho West havo largely burdened themselves with debt to aid those ruilronds, ‘The Granger busincss was & result and not o cause, Tho railroads had Lecome oppressors. They had the monopoly of transportation. Out of overy four bushels of grain they took throe for carrying tho’ other bushel lo market. Whore there was but one rond, the exactions were infamous; whera thero wero two routes at the cholce of tho shipper, the two ronds combined, Tho local exactions and discriminations were tuch a8 no railrosd company iu any civilized land outside the United States would have attempted or would have been permitted to make, The theory was that stockholders should have large dividends; that the roads were to feed aud curich swarmns of supernumerary oflicers ; that, out of tho least possible sorvice, the groatest possible fucome should be collected; that re- pairs, construction, and maiutaining the road, should bo paid for by bounds, and for ench issuo of bonds an equal issue of capital stock should be made. Tho stockholders, getting thelr 10 or 12 per cent dividouds, oskéd no questions, There was, thercfore, an invocation of that power which it i ad- witted is exercised by tho Government of overy cvilized nation,—the power affirmed by the Bupremc Court,—of the Btate tofixa maximuw of rates to bocharged for transpor- tation. The Granger laws, however, Lad but little effect in reducing the value of rail. rood property, ‘Flio wholo system on which the railronds werv managed was exploded by the panic. The Railiay Age of March 8 gives us some particnlars of tho investments in the defaulting railronds in the United Biates. Most of theso railroads have boen subjocted to foreclosuro, or stepa have been taken for that purpose. Wa condensa these figures from the Age, and the following is the oxhibit: No, a{ Amount of companles. bonda, Defanlts befars 1873, 37 . $134,084,600 Defanits In 18 the panie). 91,740,500 el 38 Yede s 05,0 25 162,233,260 Defanits in 205,306, 701 Defaults in 1 140,488,314 Defauits In 18] i 0, 803, 000 Total 814,410,205 Tflfi?'sh“' s:nn:ooo'm ed tates, 7 Per cent of e 0.7 Total bonds, stock, and debt of * ralironds {n United Statos abont., 4,775,000,000 ‘Tata) bonds, atock, and debt of de- faalting roads (estimatee . Percentago of investment in to. faulting roads to total investment ere is n subatantial annihilationof nearly one thonsand millions of the capital stock of these railroads, because tho roads and property will hardly equal in valuo tho amount of bonded indebledness. Thousands of miles of railwoy which have managed to pay in- torest on bonds have long since censed to pay dividends on stock, and much railroad stock once paying 8 to 10 per cent dividenda lias now but n nominal value, Thisis the rosult, not of Granger laws, but of tho riotous ond reckless way in which railronds have been manpged. The collapso in the vested property of railrond stockholders was duo to the failure of the credit business, to 'tho failure of the manufacture of bonds, and the watering of stocks. Tho Nation thus de- plcts the possible dangor of.the futura: Whatisto bo feared from the declalon of the Snpreme Court is not any Immedlate attack of the State Leglslatateson rallroad property, but a strong stimulas 10 threatening legislation hereafter, or, in other words, the practice known as **striking," on the part of the tribo of impecanions pollticlans who form the nolsler and more active element In 8tate Legistatures, and the consequent deeponing of the corruption which already marks the relations of tho preat ruflroad compnnies with these bodies, Nothing could well be moro unfortunato for tho best interosts of the Weat than that the establishe ment of the State rupremacy over the ronds, be- yond farther question or nppeal, ahould result in the sarrender of the roads by the people to even Ottal extortion at tho hands of the politiclans, All that the West most nceds and most volues must come from the well-seitled falth of the pbople all over the world who have moncy to lend or invest that its State legislation ix, in all that relates to property, stadblo and sober-minded, and that no- body who lats his money get within the jurisdic- tion of the State Governmont haa to fear tho jmpo- eitlon of unforoseen, or ancrous, or unfair condi- tlons an his enjoyment of 1t. This is more imnginary than substantial. Tho same people who, after long years of extortion, compailed unwilling Legislatures to extend the protecting power of tho Gov- ernment between tho monopolies and thewr victims, will as readily protect the railrond corporations against unjust exactions by the Legislaturo. 'I'he people never buy legisla- tion. Tho history of American legislntion £ docs mnot furnish precedeénts where the’ Legislatures have voluntarily takon sides for the publicagainst thegreat corporations. Tho poople of thoe Weat will gtadly. compromise, that, it tho railroads will not corrupt the Legislature, tho peoplo will not doso, No man need fear for his property in railronds 80 long ns thoso railronds recognize nud act upon the principle that the truo intorost of both pablic and corporation is for tho latter todepend for profits on tho magnitude of their business and not upon the extortionato character of their rates, Bettor run ono hun- dred trnins within a given timo at a profit of 10 per cont over nud abovo all poseible cost, than to run only ten tralus at o profit of 0 por cent on the whole cost of tho servico por- formed. ‘Tho Intorest of croditors, stock- Lliolders, and of tho publio aro to be best pro- moted by an increnso of the railway service, and cach increaso of businoss should pormit on addition to the net eamniugs of the corpo- ration, oven ot a reduced rato of transporta- tion, . PROPOSED KEOPENING OF THE VATICAN QUROIL. C A dispatch has been sont from Romeo an- nouncing a disposition upon the part of the Popoe to reopoen tho Vatican Council. Tho dispatch is not authoritativo, but, oven if it woro so, thero is little prospect thut the Council will convono again, Thero aro two very good ronsons why the Pope will decide that it is inexpedient. In the tirst ylace, the Collogo of Cardinals, to whom the Popo has addressed cortain quories rolative to tho Council, has already intimated that the re. opening would bo inexpedient, and in conse~ quenco of this declaration the Pope has dis. tributed for study tho questions loft unde..| cided by tho Councll, with tho view of ascor- taining whother ho has the authority to solve them,—a most remarkable transaction on the part of the Holy Father, when it :is romem.. Dered that tho Iato Vatican Council decided thot in mattors of faith Lo was infallible. ‘Thero are not wanting good rensons why tho Cardinals shonld opposs a reopening of tho Council. There are somo of them who ro- gard tho docrees of that Council with alarm, ‘Thero are othors who remomber Low they were *“ bulldozod" by the extremge Ultramon- tanes, and all of them kuow well enough how completely thoy were compelled to abandon what they considored their own priviloges and prerogatives fu favor of tho Papacy. After having boon once dragooned in this fashion, it Is not very likely that thoy would consent to a sccond operation, espocially whon the objects for which tho. Pope dosires the Council reopened can bo solved by him, ho hnving boen doclsred infallible. Again, the Vatican decrces have bmugl;:fomn of the Cardinals into sharp collision with the tem. poral power, which, as in the caseof Ger- many, cores not a& whit for dogmas, nnd ruthlessly throws thom one side whon they oconflict or interfore with the nuthorty of tho Govern. ment, Henca it hins como that somo of tho Church authoritios have beon fined, some havo been driven off, and others have been imprisoned for not yielding obedience to tompora! laws und advising . others to defy them, Thoro is, therefore, very good reason to beliove that thoy will never consent toa rooponing of tho Qouucil,—at least during the life of the prosent Toutiff, ‘Tho most cogent roason, fiowever, why the Popo will not reopen the Council iy, that tho meeting of 1870 accowplished all that it was called to do, It was summonod for the spe- cial porposo of proclaiming the dogma of in- fallibility, and wheun, aftor eight months of discussion and wrangling, tho decres was forced down tho throats of the recusants by the Papal police and thrents of arvest, and was declared, tho Council was prorogued. If called together again, the Vatican would not have tho same temporal means of influence uow that it had then. The Romo of 1877 i3 not the XRomo of 1870. The atmosphereis . freer. For in. stance, tho Church could not seizo the writ- ings of tho opposition from the Pust-Offico os then. It could not jmprison au Arch- bishop of Armenia as §t did thon, aud defy , treachery be devoloped elght montha ogo, tho Turkish Ambassador to protect him. Tho organs of the Vatican could not notify recusant Biehops they wero not at liberty to leave Roine withont permission, The dogma of infallibility having beon dsclared, and tho political dogmatism of Risuanrck having banded the Church together to support it, thero is no particular renson why the Pope should desire a reopening, especially since tho dogmn itself mnkes the Pope infallible in deciding every quoestion that might be brought beforo it. If the Pope is the only propgr authority to solve questions of tha Papacy, why call & Vatican Councit to do the work ? PRESIDENT HAYES' S0UTHERN POLICY. President Havea' Sonthern policy is ale ready beginning to bear fruit. It is just the kind of fruit, too, that wns expected nnd de- sired of it. It receives about an equal mons- ure of approval and condemnation from what bns been known ns the Confederato element of the Bouth, This i a vast jmprovement ovor the united, solid, and uncompromising opposition of the native whites thronghout tho Southern Btates, which has for some years been made to everybody and everything connccted with tho Republigan porty., Itis also botter, we believe, than would have been n united approval on tho part of tho Southern Democrats, Thero has boen but one whito man's party in the' South for yoars ; thero are indications now that thero will bo two, Tho oxiromists, mode up .of the old firc-eating = Democrats and original Bocossioniats, will Lo likely to range themsclves on ono sido and refnso to nccept tho. concilintory policy, and tho old-time Whigs and the new who did not go into the Confedersoy voluntarily, but merely bocause their section forced {hem into it, will greet joyfully the prospect of good-fecling being restored. This division among tho whito mon of the South, as whito mon at tho North aro divided into parties, {s just what is nceded. 'There will then be no solid organization on a sectional basis to op- pose whatever emanates from the North, nud tho negro in politics will bo concilinted, nud taken enre’ of, and divided between par- tics in much the same monnor and for the samo renson that the foreign day-laborers of the North aro caved for. ‘Che color ling and tho sectional line will be blotted out by the samo proceas, This useful disintegration of parties nt tho South is likely to show itsolf more conspiou. ously for tho prosent in Tennocssee {han in any othor Southern Biato, It hna boon going on there {o some extent for a year or more, Axprew Jonxso's election to the Sonato de- veloped the old antagonism between con- servativea and oxtremists, and Kev's strugglo for the succession to Jomxson's place kopt it olive. ' There could be no botter Btalo for this politioal pioncering, It is contrally lo- catad, and its examplo will naturally impresa the Statos around and about it. Krr's nc. captance of a Cabinet position under Haves hos widoned the distance botween tho fire- enters and the moderates. The Memphis Appeal, which is the old Confederate organ, reads Mr. Key out of the Democratic party, . and abuses him in thoe following stylo: Davip M, Key has rocelved the rowand of tho Repu. disted by tho Leaislature of his own State, ho has been driven to seek the support of tho party ho has denounced, utterly bankrupt In politics, with no future, an apostate to his party and an Ingrate to hiw fricnds who hove defended hls polltical in- tegrity, ho moy bo excusable for scoking tho sholtar and the patronega of tho party that has do- famed and persceated his people. A fow hungry ofiice-acakers, ready to take scrvico In the party that pays tho most, will indorsu the troachery of Key, bat with the honest masscs, the truc and re. llable Democracy of the South, his course will find no favor. As Tostmaster-General, the crea- turc of a usurper, sycophants snd parasites wiil swarm and cringo obout tho seat of ill-gotten power, but Kex will Jive to learn by experlence tho disgraco he haa brought upon a name once honored and respected by bls conntrymen, Naturally this sort of language applied to nman who served in the Confoderato army, who hins always held a high and honorable position among his own people, and who ocounts lus fricads by the hundreds and his supporters by tho thousands, excites resont- ment and strongthens the Conservatives. As o rosult, tho busiucss men of tho principal cities in Tennessce havo held and are hold- ing meetings at which Mr, Kex's course is approved aud tho hopo expressed that tho now ‘policy will bo succossful. Tho Mem- plils Aralanchs, whose oditor was also a high officer in the Rebel army, but who represents that large class of 'Tennessea people who voted against secesalon, has his say aud says plainly: Thero (s & mo-called Nepublican faction in tho North, and 5 so-called Demncratle faction in the South, whose actions imply that both aro opposed toa recunstruction of tho Unlon on the basls of peace, good will, and the perfect enquality of*both soctions, If, as one rosult, there shall come a reor- ganization of political partics, It Ly this Northern so-called Republican factlon which now scoks to thwart the Bouthern policy announced by the Prea. idont Iu his inaugural nddress and in the sclection of hle Cobinet. And it Is thle Bouthorn so-called Democratic faction which sceks to thwart the ssme policy by denouncing Bouthern Conscrvatlves or Dumocrats for accepting ofico under the Federal Auwminlstration, 1f the object of thess two fac- tlons of irrcconcilables bo not a partisan abject, whll somaonodeinoit? . . . Wodo not charge these mo-calied Dumocratlc obstructionlsts with lack of patriotism, No douut they mean well; but they whow thy same lack of wisdom displayed a fuw yoars ago 1o attempting to commit the Bouth to unalterable opposition to tho constitutionsl ameudments an o test of Democracy, They are simply blind s bats, Heru ia tho {ssue, and each side will grow warnier in tho discussion and get further apart as it procecds, In Nushville, tho sit- untion f§ much the same nas in Memphis, The Age, tho Confederato organ, says of Mr, Key: o Por montns we have had misgivinzs with regard tothe geuulnencss of his Democracy,. lils cone duct In the Scnate of the United States was not, ln all respects, In aceordancs with Domocratic teache Ings; aud his wpeeches bufore the poople of Ten- whon ba was a canaliate for Unlted Statcs y Were not charactorized by any very strony and docided devotion to the Democratic party, 1{e had much to say about tho high charace terof Mr, Hayves, and but littlo toway concerning the bifgh character of Gov. Tirvex, Wo exprosscd our vlews of his coursa iu this respect at the time, and was the only Democratic Jonrnal in East Ten- uessceu that did wo. Wae did not look upgn him os onout-and-out Demoernt, but, on the contrary, a8 cxcuedingly soft, and playlag into the handa of tbe Rudical party for further prumotlon. But the dmerkan, ps 10uch a Democratio newspaper o8 (ho sge, takes precisely the opposite view, and frankly says of Mr, Key that **His honesty and fealty aro ungues- tioned and his charactor uublemished, while he has possessed in o remarkable degreo tho faculty of attaching men to lim os personal friends without regard to party ties. Helsa D:mocrat, appointed as a Dewocrat, and his acceptanco of the position will be indorsed, we balieve, unanimously by the people of Tonnessec.” Buowniow, though a radical Ropublican, indorses the policy. The same differonce of opinfon prevails largely throughout the entire Bouth; journals which have boon regarded as uncompromis. ingly hostilo to overything Northern and Ite- publican take opposing positions on Prusi- daut Haves' Bouthern policy. Thus the Mobilo [Register Is rolentlesaly in fa- vor of obstruction, ton Newa accopta tho Cabinet appointmonts ** na a most gratifying spplication of the lofty principles proclaimed by tho Prosident,” and ories “* Well dono 1™ The Augusta Constitu- tionalist insista that the South shall romain solid, and announces that.any Southern man of prominence who identifies himself with Hares' policy * does soht his peril,” while tho Galveston News indorses the Cabinot, and finds in it the sincero hopo of *an effi. clent and wholesome Administration,” So throughout the entiro Bouthern press is found tho samo altornation of approval and disapproval, which indicates that the wedge hns entered, and that the Bolid South, which moant solid native whites sgainst the earpot. bnggers and nogroes, will gradually and ensily relapso inlo much the samo party di- visions that provailed bofore the War. Itis to be hoped, nud thero fa some resson to bo- lteve, that the Loulsville Conrier-Journal re- flecta the sentiments of the majority of the Southern people whon it says Judge Kny will be sustained by the best part of the South in accepting n porition fn President 1IavEs' Cabinet, 1lore and there in the Bouth may be faund some person or Jonrnal that will raee an outery agninst such a stop, but, for the most part, such objections will come from thoso who have somo personal objection aguinet Judge Kry bo- caueo of past political difference, or from some hot- heads who discover In the ovent an opportanity for popularagitation. The South ia not so mad ns to reject overtures of conciliation. The Honthern people do not propose to sell out toany party for fuvors, but thero is something mors than party politics In the Soulhiern situatlon, and, it Mr. Harrsmeans well toward that section, his zood intentions will cortalnly not meet with opposition from that quart QOVERNMENT OF CITIES, Nearly two years ago Gov. TLpEN ap- pointed a Commission, consiating of Mossrs, Witrtau M. Evants, E. L. Goprry, Jaxes O, Carten, OswALD OTTENDORFER, WILLIAM Avvex Burizn, Joux A, Lotr, Simox STrnNE, Josuua M, Vax Corr, Hexnr F, Drvocs, and Saxuven Haxp, to devise a plan for improv- ing the government of cities. This Commis. sion has recently made n long, exhnustivo re- port which considers (1) the prircipal abuses of tho existing systom of municipal govern. mont, (2) tho causes that aro to blame for theso sbuses, and (3) tho best remedies to be suggested. 1. The grest evils of municipal govern. meno in this country are the accumulation of permanent municipal debt and excessivo increnso of the annual expenditure for or- dinary purposes, Now York isnconspicuons and usoful instanco of both theso evils. In 1810 tho debt of Now York Oity wns about $10,000,000. ''ho ratio of incroaso was 20 per cent during tho next decade, 50 per cent during tho next, and 400 por,cent during the noxt, while tho last six years have added $40,000,000, and the debt s now in round numbers tho enormous sum of $140,000,000, requiring nonually upward of §9,000,000 to pay the interest. The {ncroase in appropria- tions for curront expenditure has boon large oud stendy, notwithstanding the immonse sums borrowed for that purposs. Botweon 1850 and 1860 the rate of taxatlon incrensed 800 por cent. In 1810 the taxes ralsed for ordinary exponditurea amounted to about ono- balf of 1 per cont on the valuo of “taxablo proporty and 81,25 per capita. In 1837 it was at tho rate of only 82 to each inhab. itant. Butin 1877 tho annual oxpenditure, including intercst on debt and the Redemp- tion Fuand, is $17,603,399, and requires n tax-rato of nearly 2 per cont on valustion aud §20 for each inhabitant. g 2. Among the principal cduscs onumarated by the Commission s having led to this reckloss oxtravagance are incompetent ‘and unfaithful governing boards and officers, tho introduction of Btato and national politica into municipal affairs, and the assumption by the Legislaturo of direct control of local of- fairs, Tho Commission, after a thorough ro- view of tho improvements and benefits, cx- press the bolief that tho dobt and oxpendl. tures would not have been ono-third what thoy have been had the cities of tho State enjoyed tho sorvices of competent and faith- ful officers, As to the influonce of national politics, thoy beliavo that tho groat prizes which induce tho offico-seckers to hold their partics together in tho cities, and the partl- san habit which is so stroug with most men) have led to overlooking fitness and honesty in thoseclection of local officials. Theinterferonco of the Legislaturo ia doprecated becausa its membors have not the time to examine into local wants, nor the knowlodge of dotails, and becauso thoy are manipulated by cliques and rings. 8. As to tho remedy for oxisting ovils, which is the moat important featuro of the conaiderntion, the Commission rejoct as in- adequate or ill-advised the varlous propost. tions that a system of laws be constructed for the more certaln and ‘severp punishment of malleasance in ofilco, the greater intorfor- ence or absolute non-interferenco of tho Log- islature, tho Btate limitations of debt and taxation, tho concentration of power in tho Mayor, any schome of systematic - Clvil- 8ervice reform In cities, and the hopo of incrensing popular intercst in the affairs of local government. All theso romodies Lave beon tried from time to time without success, and tho Commisslon 8ot forth at length their roasons for doubt- ing thoeflicacy of any one or all of them com= bined. They then proceed to the suggestion of thoir own remedy, which is based upon an oxlsting law in Noew York for tho govern. nent of §largo number of incorporated vil Inges, All the conspicuous evils of municipal governmont aro connocted with the admiuis. tration of the finauces. Now, in somo 120 villoges of New York Btate, tho law provides that appropriations and propositions to raise taxes shall not be made cxcept upon ap- proval by vote of thouo cilizens who aro lable to bo nsscssed for such tax, This system could not bo applied to largoe citicain tho same way, but the Comumlssion believe that the sawe principle can be maintained and tho same purposo carried out by provid- ing that & ropresentative body intrusted with the ndministration of the finances shall by olocted by tho taxpayers : alone. Thyy proposo a constitutional scheme which shall include the followiug featurea; Firsi—The dulogntion of the entlro hasincss of loca! adminlstrativa to the people of the clties, free from leglvlative Interfervuce therewith, ro- serving to fhe State Ite function of making the general luws under which the local affalzs are to bo adminlitered, and also & vuperyision of the manner of adwinistratlon, Second—A chlet oxecutlve officcr, clothed with tho authority of gencral supervision, aud with the unfettered power toappoint the other principal executive ofticers, vxcept thoss two (tho chlef fuanclal and chief law ofcers) whose dutles fin- wediatly affect the mattor of the public espeadi- tuccs, and with the power of removal, subject, bowever, to the approval of the Qovernor, g Thlrd--A Board of Aldermen clothed, as now, with all tho leglslativo powers, except such as re- lato to tazation and expeuditurv, and elocted, as ot present, by the people. Fourth—A separate body, called the Board of Flnauce, to bo clucted by tax aud rent payers, with such powers only as rvlato to taxation, expeadl- ture, aud debt, Its principal functlons being to do- termine the awount of the sanusl cxpenditure, aud to sporopriate it 1o ite various objects and PUIposcs. The nsscat of this body le nade sequl- while the OCharles- aito to the appointment of tho chief financial and Iaw ofiicers, Fifth—A dotaited plan, designed to be completo In atsclt, for socaring cfliclency, order, and fru- gatity In the financial adminfatration, and to be cexecated by tho Doardof Finance, Itamalnfeatarcs are: 1. The detcrmination In each year of the sum of money requleite to Lo exoended for nll objects and parposes, and what part thereof is to be ralsed by taxation, nnd the levying of the Iatter sum. 2. Tho appropristion ot the same tlmo of the wholc sum to be expanded to tho several objects and parposes, A 3. The certaln roallzation of the entiro amount approptisted by compelling the relevying of de- fclencies In the collcetion of taxes. 4. The prohibition of any expenditare beyond tho sums appropriated by making oll contracts or engagoment in excess theroof void. Hirth—A farther chforcement of the masim, **FPay aa you go,",by o prohibition agsinst bor- towing munoy or Incurring debt, except under certain spyeified conditlons not likely to arise often. * The Commission have olaborated their plan 0 far 08 to submit a draft of a constitu. tional amendment and a law covering tho entire ground, and including somo other ele- menta of protection not enumerated in the above abstract, and nak that the Legislature submit the constitutional amendment re- quiring the passago of a general law that shall meot the requirements of their plan. Ttis to be hoped the distinguished ability of tho gentlemon who havo given two years' considoration to the subject, tho necessity for municipal roform, and the {ntrinsio merit of much they snggest, may load to n proper agitation of the subject and prompt action in a practical way. “A LIFE AND A DEATH. Marizoa Heroy, after a life of grand tri. umphs, strauge viciasitudos, rostless turmoil, oud final misery, has gone to her last rost. In her palmy days, thousands flocked to sce hor. She had along traln of admirers. 8he wns courted and petted, the cynosure of the play-goors, the centre of dramatic adoration. 8ho hnd her dny of dazzling success and then camo tho storms of pitiloss fate, * An inju- dicious marrisge with a sirolling musjcian brought ita train of abuso and Lroke hor down, The people tired of the Lady of tho Comellins. Friends and admirers fell off, Her husband deserted her. 'The money she hiad oarned was squandered, and at last poor, friondless, homoloss, obscure, half-crazed," clinging with all a mother's great love to her littlo child Buov, she died in her garret with only hor doctor to attend hor and this little Buou to watch and weep over her, On Suuday sho was taken to her last resting placo in Groonwood, whore, aftor life's fitful fovor, sho slaops well, Hor obaequies na well as tho manner of her lifo have their lessons. Aftor yenrs of lone- liness and obscurity, friondlessness and mis- ery, tha residonco of the dend natress ia thronged with people, Tho room is strown with flowers and floral designs at great oxponso snd with great profusion, 8ho is ottired in a rich robo of silk, Ier casket is richly ornamented with silvor, Fifty carriages tako tho frionds of the dead nctresa to tho Littlo Church Rouud tho Cor- mor. Ono carringe might have taken hor frionda to hor rooms o day or two bofore. A vast crowd swarms sbout the Little Church unable to gain sdmission. Tralned singera chant the funcral hymns as the casket s {nken up the aisle, preceded by the clergy in flowing robes of whito and purple. It was o brave funeral, a handsome pagennt, o befit- ting romembrance of the lonely woan, No ono will begradge it, With all her failings and all her eccontricitios sho dosorved well of her profession and of the public. But would it not have been more docorous if somo of this remombrance nnd sympa- thy had been given to her in her hours of want and lonolinesa? It was said of an En. glish poot who died in the most abject pov- orty, and over whoss grave an ol- ogant monumont was erectod, that ho asked for bread and thoy gave him n stone, Tonderness, charity, and sym. pathy would have come to Martirpa Henox in her lifo liko a bonediction from Heaven. Funeral pomp and largess wero of little ao- count when she had done with this world, ‘which Lind dona so littlo for her iu the dark days of her life. in the line of posthumous dramatio advertis- ing, howovor. The'closo of Martuos Heno's life has ita leason for the living momboers of her profes. slon. Intho palmy doys of her carcer sho made monoy rapidly. The poouniary rosults of her roprosontations of. Camille alone, had they been prudently husbanded and judi- clously investod, would have placed her be- youd tho danger of waut, bad she lived far beyond the three-score-and-ten, but she died In hor maturity pennfless. Slo made monoy rapidly and spont it rapldly, like the major. ity of her profession, for which there is no sufficlont reason, It {s tho way of tho world outside of tho stage to anticipata tho coming of.ago, and by frugnlity and economy to lay up somothing ongainst - tho raluy day, If thore fs ooy class in the community upon whom this should bo incumbont 1t is the actor, sinco Lila profession is peculiarly llable to changes and nocldents growing out of tho fickleness of publio tastes and opinions, and aftor a cor-. toin ago o way loso Lis popularity, aud must then be thrown upon the world withno proparation or aptitude for the, world's em- ployments, Iu tho ordinary term of au notor's professional carver it i3 possiblo for him to provide against fature contingencles, aud yet tho wafority of actors, destring to bo considored dashing follows, frec-hoartad and opou-handed, Don Casur de fazans and Charlcs Burfaces, spend as thoy go, and if they livo to rotiro from the stage find them. solves strauded without money, occupation, or frionds, struggle nlong to the cnd, and are Luried at tho expense of publio charity. The world of tho stage is a world by itselt, Ita lifo, its cxperionces, fts tradi- tions, its laws, and its society Lave litllo in conuuon with the great world of reality, It would be well for them, howover, to borrov one of tho world's bomely maxims aud lay up something agafust the raluy day, for thors comes a time whon tho Kiugs and Queens of tho mimio world must abdi. cato thelr crowns, when Vivlu aud Deatrico wust meet the polting storms, and even the Tady of tho Cawellias find that her flowens havo lost their charm. ¥ » The Nutional Hepllican ot ‘Washingron strongly urges tho uppointment of ex-Confed- crate and exJudge CiupBELL to tho Supreme Bench, vice Judge Davis, elected Benator, His claims aro thus prosented; Judge Cauesxir resigned his position on tho Buprewe Beuch at the breaking out of the Kebelle wn ond joined the Confederacy. lle Lecn peacticiug 1aw o New Urleans sluce tho wurrender, and was ouo of iLbEN's counsel before tha Elect- oral Commlvalon, [ily mientul facultice sre sume- what_lapaired by age, but his political disabllitics have beea zemoved, Impalred mental facultics s scarcely such o recommendation as will commend bim to tho vacaot place on the Bench. 3f the President {utends to fill the vacsucy with s Southern wan, thero ts little doubt that he will sppoiut Gen. Bristow, who is a Bne lawyer, and whose wen- tal facultics aro souud and vigorous. No more popular Bouthern sppalutment could posstbly It might have been of valuo | bo made. If the place in to be filled by some person in this District, Judge DruMsoxDp g entitled to the office by all the proper rules that Rovern in such cases. s e ——— ‘The Daltlimore American, a staunch, radleal Republican Journal, speaking of the diMcult and cmbarrasslog questions presented to the Chlef Execntive for adjustment in the Loulst- ana and South Carolina cases, says: Thus far the overshadowing nuthority of the United Siates has saved (he Fackan and Criax. RERLAIN Govornments from surimary extinction, ‘They have been permitted to maintaln a sort of precarious oxistenco, sido by alde with thelr rivale, und to go throuyh the empty forms of paasing use. Iesy statutcs and moking empty proclamations, Dut this anomalous conditlon of affalre mnat ceans 1o exist. Oneor the uther of tho dusl Govern. ments maat go to the wall, and the aathorlty of the other mnst bo respected by the whole people, President Graxt did not earv to tako the reaponsi. bility of designating which of the de faelo Uov. ernors should o mfstained by tho Fedcral author- ity, nnd e turned over the dinlcull task to his suc. ceasor in office, Vresident ffAvrs cannot shirk the responsibility, and must make n decisjon. Tho Presldent fs not }mmmcd 1o declde which Governot has a valfd title to the oMcae (that wonid be n comparatively casy matler), bat he I8 bound to determine wheiher & State Goyoinment too wenk 1o stand alone shall be propped up for four yeurs by Federal bayonets. e —— The Vicksburg erald sustains the conserya- tive course pursueid by Mr. Lasar In the arbj- tratlon case. Mr. B. B. DouaLass, M. C,, of Virglnla, it may bo recollected, went over to Mr. Lasan's scat, shiook his fist at him, aud de- nounced him as o traltor to his party, aud os one who had sold out to get Lis titlo in the 8cn- ate. Upon a repetition of the offense, Lanan proceeded to luflict personal punishment on Mr. Douvatass, when CAULRPIRLD and others Inter fered. Commenting of - this altercation, the Ilerald remarks: Weo don't know the nataro of Mr, Laxan's ro- mnrks, but wo do know that his action in regard to the Presidential question moats the views of a latge wajority of tho people who sent him to Wash- ington, The' Northdrs Democrats got up the Electoral law asa peacefnl solution of the queation, because they had Laxan did perfectly right to vote for it. After it became tho law, thero wae no sense In a childish and factious opposition to t. It fa true, perhaps, that tue Demovratic party conld havo secired & new clectiun, but it Is very questionable whether the guuntry would have been benefited by vue, ‘Wa feel very conlldent tho South would not, e —— Scnator MORTON twas not onc of tho Senatorial ring who undertook to thwnrt and defeat the policy of the new President at the threshold of bis Administration, Tuc Indlanapolls Journal, which Is always pretty closely In accord with the Scnator, says: 'The Journal coniesses {taelf unable to find any {mllncnunn for the hnsty coitrse purvucd by o fow tepublican flclmmnllnnnfilha last few dnys. The cople who elected Prosl vy I‘gnlr c‘l‘llnu::,u ond o lu{r !;lnl‘ ‘They blnvl: m; sympathy with the rsonal ugs ur grudges ol Tlividaa Senators wiich woald Induca ihens tg offer a factious opposition at tho very threshold of his Adminteteation sod before he hue distinctly fn- dicated Lis policy on ualngle national question, $o far as It can ];luthurud from his Inaugural message and his Cablnet np‘wmu\mnlfl. it mecets with the hoarty appruval of ull who recognize tho truo causes of the Itopublican party's unrrow ca- capo from defeat last Navembor, and who bolleve that its promlses of practical reform should be carriod vut in good falth. e ——— M —— e The Minneapolls Z'ribune(Rep.) was not favor- ably Impressed with the attempted Senatorial rald on Prosident Haves, It remarks: Tiut the Scnators who are hoading this {ll-advised, dishonest, nnd dishonorablo rald sgainst tho ful- fillment of thelr own und the vledges of the lte- publican party, and who ary leagued togother In 3 concerteu effrt to buile the roforms which th Preaident baw determined to Inaugurate, will speed. ily find themnnalves the victinw of tholr own iisane folly nnd dishouesty. 'Whe stmple truth by, that whatever tho party ‘leadors mean, the people are thoronghly awnko to thu nucesaity of reforin, aud they are determined at all Laxarde to secure it bove all, thoy are tired and disgusted with {lo cndicss turmoll . at the and they readupt the unssurance of Lepublicin plstform that **the rmanent uchiention of tha Sonthern section of the Urjon" s & tuty o which the country, a8 well an the Ra. publicais party, **1s sacredly pledged. e —m— DoxN PrarT, who advoeated the assassination of Prestdent ITAYES and was fndicted therefor aud let out on ball, has got over bis scare sufll- clently to reswmno his villtleation. In the lnst Capital ho announces that no Democratic Sen- ator had set foot in the White Housc since March 4. A Washington dispatch of yesterday says: “‘The pressure at the Whito Iouse to sce tho Presldent s very great, o large majority of those seeking Interviows being applicunts for office, Beveral Southern Democratle Seuntors were among those who succouded i seclug the Prealdent.” ——— Joszru AMrpiiL, of Tns Citcaco TIBUNE, it {e to be tendered tha position of Commisalonur of Indian Atlalra, It {9 statea to-night, with great positivonesy, by Louax's frionds, that the ex-Seu- ator will bo tendered ons of tho fuur frut-clasa wise stond.—1¥mes* WWashington Dispatch, The editor of Tue Trisoxs s not atter any moro of LooAN's scalp than has already been lifted, and therefore would bave no use of the Indian Commissionership, The ex-Senator can safely discontinue his “current report aud take ono of the first-class misslons if tendered to him, —— ‘The Charicaton (8. C.) Newe offers this os- planation of tho reason of the appolntment of ex-Seuator Kur: ' ‘Why waa ho sclected to reprosent the Bouth ln the Cabinet? 1is loyalty < the Houth cannol be {mpeached; but he ls s natlonal man, 8 Consorvas tive Democrat, whose liberality of scutiment come wmends him to the Mepubiicans, ‘This, we pre- sume, {s why ho Is taken ond others oro loft. ~ An ultra-Democrat could not have boen chosen; and it {a tnoderate Deviocrats like Senator Kxy who, by aticking to a Lad bargain, enubled o Elzctora) votes {0 be counted before tho 4th of Mareh. e et In answer to an inquiry wo stato that tho sun wiil “croes theline! at tventy-two minutes past 0 o'clock next Tuesday mornlug (Mureh 20), Chi- cago mean timo. The woon witl then bo five days and ninc hours old, * Next Friday morning Venus will be one-tidrd of o degrev north from Bataru, 2 ' PERBONAL, ' ‘Tho Springficld Republican snys that the Preale dent, Vice-Proaldent, nnd every wmember of the Cablnet s a lawyer. . P The Quoun of England's visit to Qermany le now st fo? April, 1or Majesty wild go to Badon-Bades oyd Cuboury, where sho will moet tho Emperorand Empress of Gorwsny, The Prencl critics Sod that Bhorldan's Joseph Surfucd la ay Lnitatlon of Mollero's Zariufe,—3 discovery which s entirely orictual, so. far 8¢ Leurd from, Josrph Surfuce wos only o prigi Zartufe was » hypocrite. i Ueorge Wiiliam Curtls (s ono of the best-pleased e In the countsy with the trlumph of the pew Admiulstrativn, 1lia specch of last Thursday ia reeponsy 10 4 wereunde I dosciibod as ** one of the happlest otforts of bls life.” ¥ Onv thing that opened Mr, Dlalnc's eyes was the scoriug he zecolved from the Philadelphia papers 1o uned to bo spoken of In that clty av something uiupy than huwan, but vince the 4th of Msrch Le has been consldered something loss. o= e London TVmes departed from lis usual cus tom In printing an obltuary of the lato Jobs Oxenfunl. 1t did not do 20 much even for Mowbray Murrle, Urobably Mr. Oxouford was fortunatois having ceased his active connection with the papers + A Prench cook 1a Nuw York bas sucd his mistress for mouey alleged to be due, ke was puld §40 pet weck, and, on_account of tha smallucss uf bie compuonsation, clarmed $2.50 for every extra plecs of work that ho was required ta do, such as cooks Ing out of hours, ¢te.” ; An American authoress was recedtly nsked 10 aubscribe something to a status of George Hande $ho agreed to do s on condition that the pedestal bu farnlabed with 8 statucito of each of the lady'd lovers. 1% waa decided that no ordinary pedestsl would be large enough for the . purposs, and the offer was doclined, - When Charles Sumner proposed to undertake 8 lecturing-tour aftes tho Boslon fire, fn ordor 10 recover bis losscs, Mr. Henry L. Plerco sald 10 blw, ‘*Don’t lako tho trouble,” and drow up & chieck for the smonut wontloncd. © Bumaer, though u3ually uo gift-taker, sccepted bis frlund and tbo $5,000 lu the senyc Inteuded, and never weut. Mr, Cyrus Field uscd 1o Le frequently pralecd 18 London for bls phillanthrupy, but tho correspond- ent of tho Boston Adesritser ways there has 102§ been a susplcion that he was uot so puilanthropld ss speculative. The esme authorlty Intimates thed Mr. ¥icld wade ss much moacy when each of the cables broko na when the lat uno way succesafully laid. It is sald that & person vnco recalled tu bid soms of the fno wpeeches bo had made about 1B clvilizing misaion of tho telegraph whow the urflf no stomach for fight, and Bir, . ent Haves wont Lim to| was currently raported at LooAx's roumn to-niyit, ©