Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 24, 1877, Page 9

LITERATURE. Central-Asian Adventurege=- A Ride to Khiva. Early English Iistory--- Phases of American pr, Thomes Arnold-—Tord Ma- caulay---Invasions of En- Kirghiz Horses---The Congressional Library---Russian Literature. Insect Lorvm fn the Jlumam Bodyes= Musical Moths and. Butterflies. LITERATURE, CENTRAL ASIA. O KHIVA: TRAVELA AXD ADYRNTURES y Fnep Buaxany (Usplain With Mepe and Appendix, mong Other Information, n Seriva Complicd from ' Itussian New York: larper & iadlioy Dros. & Co. ki Capt. Burnaby Is one of that large class of apgressive and metticsome Engilshmen who are pever 50 happy ns when engaged fu some des- n which the oddsarc fearfully It ts from the runks in which he atands that aro reeruited the soldlers who vale {antly fitl the broach where the cannon-balls mow the thickest swathe on the battle-fleld; who sesolutely lend a forlorn hope fato the very jaws of death, as In tho famous charge at Balaklava of the 8ix Hundred; ond who oa truvelers are met with in every out-of-the-way part of the globe, penetrating fnto the most daugerous and uncomfortable places, in order, for the chlel inotive, to sppease an insatiable desire to reach the Inaccessible and achleve tha lmpossible. Anotlicer in tho Royal Harsc Guards, Capt. Darnaby finds it Impossiblc to satisly lis thirst for adventure in tho performance of his regular inilitary dutics, nnd thereforo dashes off during every leave of absenca to that spot on the face of tha carth which happens at the moment tu be the sccne of the greatest excitement, that so Le may sccure the surest chances of cncounter- Ing and overcomingg the utmoat amount of peril and hordship, The month ot February, 187, saw him at Khartoum, on the roturn visit to Col. Gordon, the auccessor of Sir Bam- uel Baker ‘ns Governor-General of the Centrat- African territory of tho Khedive. While ut this polnt, hls cye chanced to fall upon an sunouncement in an Eaglish paper that forefzn- ers wero forbidden to travel i Russlan Asia. 1t was evough. It was like the spark nceded to kindle gunpowder. In his next leavo of absence he will gzo to Khiva. On his arrival in London, he immediately be- gou reading up tho subject of Central Asla, perusing with particular zest the books of travel published by tourists in that country, MacUa- ban's ¥ Campalgning on the Oxus " convinced him that thero wers difficultica cnough. fn the way to mako the journey to Khiva sufliciently exhilarating, and his determination was settled. s regimental dutles allowing & furloush to begin the 80th of November, 1676, be sct out for St. Petersburg. Without much trouble, permission was obtalned from Gen, Milutin for the desired journey in the Russlan Jdomalns 1u Asia, but to pass beyond the bound- atfea of the Imperial territory was prohibited. 8o far, so good. 1t was the Captain's private play, trusting to fortuno sud pluck, to slip stealthlly frum Kbiva, when onco there, into Persla, and by one of soveral circultous routes to return to European Russia. v Tho scason was most unfavorable for travel acrass the Kirghez desert, where the winter cold 18 & more savage thing than is to be met in any other part of thy world outside the Polar re- glons, Capt. Burnaby explains tho fact when ho says: ‘* Ancnormous cxpansc of flay country, extending for Lundreds of miles, and devoid ot everytiing save snow aad salt lakes, and hera and there sak sarol,—a specics of tramble-tree, —~would bave to bo traversed on lioracback ere Khiva could be reached. arts of Asia are unknown to the (nhabitanta of grumble ot the so- 6 imagine what that wind i 1iko in those countrics which lio exposed to the full fury of ts flrst onslaught, For there you mect with no warm oceau to mollify its r land, no hillsor moup- course; and It blows ou unfnterruptedly over o vast snow and salt coy- ered track, untll, absorbiug tho satine macter, it cuta the faces of those exposed to Its gusts with a sensation more like thoapplicationof the edgo of a razor than anything clss to which it can But the suffering to be endured froin the weather was not for on instant taken into the account. In traveling over thoratlroads in Russia, Cant. Burnaby remarks upon the commiodiousness and comfort of the well-warmed and well-lighted carrlages, which are bullt upon the American sud upon the excellence of tho arranges at tho cating-stationa, y o are hoe and good 1% CENTIAL ASIA. perate fight i ‘e winds fu those ‘who, when thie} cast wind, can Tigor; no trees, no rist tains, to check it in i “ Everything you mumant'snotice o dlshes Wilo the attendance and the bill—a yery important adjunct to a traveler's pleasure—leavo nothin charges bolng exceeding Blzeran, the torminus ol rection’ of_Orouburg, and near tho bonders of European Russin, the food served {n tho refresh- ment-rooins Was s good any French restaurunt. Lut the slow paco of the trains was o cause for somie grumbling, and was nscribed to the Itusslan’s constitutional fu- difference to the tight of time, tho rallrvad In the dl- a8 cuuld bo obtsined ln auy also to the ways have been ‘The distance from Slzeran to Kasala, or Fort umber One In Turkestas,—about W miles,— was accomplished by sleigh over tho postal roud, Telags of horses belig sccured at wyery station. he winter was exceptionally severe, and the dreury steppes were cavered with an unbroken oxpauss of wnow, ‘The scene was o * pleture of dewolation which wearicd by Its utter lonelincss, sod ot the same time appalled by its hnwensity circl of which the ceutre was bverywhere, i the cireumference nowhere,” The monutony of ver thoso inhospitable plaius was only interrupted by todious hours of walting at fithy aud crowded “stations; by sudden snow-stormis that blocked up the road aud threatened death ta the bewlldered and belated tourists by the freezingof the s to tho clbowa, whereby ho Lare- caped tho neccssity of un amputation of usetul members, asala was reached the 5th of Janua , Sud from here to Khiva—distaut 500 mifes—tlio Journey across the Kizil Kum descrt was lo Lo foried on horseback, The intease cold con- ued unabated, the thermometer often de- tu 409 below zero. On the 13th, the e Captain's doparture, the rigor was aud the sentries ou duty, though fu the thlckest furs, were obllg- o o ‘Fue Captaln's traln Souslited of three camels, to besr his 1 ALs provisions required on the route for 0 sud beast, o Turkoman driver, a Kirghiz ulde, and & Turtar servant,—the Captainand hls Servant ridlug a puirof tough litile Kirghizhorscs. 13 wall but slowly, their usual pacs being 36 of two mlles und ever feed at night during tho day, it bs well for a cara- Lo warch a4 much ss pousible in the uicht, Which method thirty-seven miles should be twenty-four Lhours, A stoul camn- oth day after day under & burden of Puuuds; but the kettles of frozen cabbage- the cooked fucat, provender for the unl- ewoud, and vther bagirage which tho Cay e u ladiog ol ovly 400 A Krghiz tent, or &ib when resting olong th d througliout the entire journe uide was frequcntl car tho nostrils of t! the fedcles which filled ittle wulnals plowed thelr way through oUW, uften two feet deep, uever showlug frue, Itis needleds to speak of dabips endured by thoe the Tortulght Lor cach bLuuat, sheltere ot xuuu,“d tue party them; yet the colsumed by the uary at 3 deg. bwlow zero. fandig with the Russian nuthoritics that the ould proceed frou Kusula to the t In Kivs, Petro-Alexundrovk; but, t was the under- once under \u‘y, lie persiaded bis guide to take him directly fo the cepital eity. ~ Having ob- talned, throigh a messenger scot in adyance, [mrmluiun from the Khanto enter the citadel, e was met outslde the walls by two noblemen commiseloned to attend to his'wants while he remained n guest of the Prince. “Tha City of Khiva is,'" says Capt. Burnaby, #of-an oblong form, and surrounded by two walls. The outer onc {8 about fifty feethigh; 1ts bnsement {s conatructed of baked bricks, the upper part helng bullt of dried clay, *Fhis forins the first line of defense, und completely cncireles the town, whicl Is about nquarter of o mile within the wall, Four high wooden gatus, clainped with fron, harred the approach from the north, south, cast, and west, while the walls themselves were In mauy places out of repale, “Tho town Itsel? is surrounded by a second wall, not quitc so high as the one just de- ecrihied, sud with a dry ditch, which is now haif filled with rulucd debris. The slopewhich leads from the wall to the trench had beon used as n cemetery, and hundreds of sepulchres and tombs were scattered slong soine undulating gromd ‘]‘mt without {he clty. The space be- tween thie first and second w fs uscdasa market-place, where cattle, he ahicep, and camels are sold."” Ilers, also, s the eal- lowrs on which thieves are executed; but In the centro of the city Is the Jarge pit whero munder- ers have their thironts cut from ear to ear, fn the same tyay that sheep are killed. Capt. Burnaby reckons the ponulnuun within the walls of Khiva at 25,000, 'The streets of the city, he writes, “are broad and clean; while the houses belonging to the richer inhabitants are bulit of highly-polished bricks and colored tiles, romewhat sombre color of the surrvundinge tains 130 pupils, was bullt by the father of the present Khan, These bulldings ure all cous structed with high, colored domes, and are or- namented with fresvocs and arabesque work,— the bright aspect of the cupolas firet ntlrm'tlnfi the stranger's attention on hisneanng theeity. During his su‘uum In Kbiva, tho travelee was ie house of ond ot thie nuble- men, his admisston to whizh Is thus described entertsined ot tl The Khivan dismounted, and, bowing obs quiously, lud the way through o hih doorw: constructed of solid” thnber.” We next eatered a square upen court, with carved stone Pllftrs supporting a balcony which lovked down uvon a 'marble fountain, or Dasin,—the general ap- pearance of the court being that uf o patio fn some nobleman’s house in. Corduva or Seville, A door of slmilar cunstructlon to theone aleealy deseribed, though somewhat largur, grave avcees ton long, narrow roomy—a ralsed dals at vach end belug covered with Tiandsome rugs. There | were no windows,—glass holui n luxury which has only recently found its way to the capital; but the apartuient vecelved iis light from an fe, whichwas slightly concealed ork, nud from o space leit un- covered in the celling, which was adorned with arubesquo figures. The two doors which lued from the court were ench of them handsomely earved; and fn the middlo of tho tvom was a hearth filled with clarconl-embers, My Tost, heckoningg me tp take the post of tonor” by the fire. retired a f paves aud folded his arms across Dis eliest; then, sssuming s deprecatory aperture atth Dby some_trelll air, heasked my perinission to sit dowin, “Grapez, telons, uml other frult, fresh os on the day wlhien first plcked, Were brought In oua large iray and lald at iny fects while tha host himsctf, briughig in a axinn ten-pot and cup oured out sumu of the bulling Hquidar |P| nced b by my slae,—L all this thno heing souted.on rug, with “'Kl’cgs croased under n i o most uncomfortably pasition,'” Tho climate at Khiva s 8o dry that mclons -and otlier fruits are easily preserved by stmply hanglug in o temperature about two degrees above the freezinz-puint, Tho melons grown lere aro celebrated throughout the Eust, and fo former years were sent to Pekin to gruco the tablo of the Chinese Emperor, ‘They somo- {lmes _attain n welght of forty pounils, and thelr favor is inost dellcate and aromnatle. Tho preacat Khan of Khiva ls the eleventh in suceession of his famlly, and has been ten years on the throne, has belng 1 1y buil lic hos a low, n(‘.unra forehicad, largo, dark cyes & short, stra{ght noso with dilated nostrils, ane o conl-black beard and mustache; while an cnormons miouth, with irregular but white teetly, and o chin somowhat concealed by his beard; and not at all in character with the othe erwise determined appearance of his faca, must complete the plcture. Ifo did not look more than eight-and-twenty, aud has a pleasant, geofal smile, and & nicrry twinkle in his eye very unusua! among Orfentals.’ Capt. Burnaby was honored by nn audlence with the Khan on hls arrival and departuro from Khiva,—two incldents which, unfortanate- toether, o st in tho city, meantime making preparationa to atart hokhnrn. whon, on tne 28th of January, lie recelved word from the Russian authorities that his presence was required mmediately at Yetro- Aloxandrovsk. ‘Thore was no alternative but to obey the summons forthwith. A ride of sixty- Ilva'miles brought the party to the Russian runl 1y for his plans, came yery near was busy viewing the places of fntel for thio residence of Col. Ivanoll, tho commander o the Amu Darya (Oxus)district, Thero were about thirty ladies at the fort, the wives and daughters of the ofllcers of the gmrrunn; aud Capt. Bnr‘gaby was {ovited to atiend s grand ball, and the brief time of his tay. ‘The Russian ofllclals wero now his travel In thelr Asiatic domains specdlly to an end, belne u\wflrlaul of his alm and movements; and, Feb. 80, tarching in that direction. The Journey of 83 miles was tinished at tho end of mine days and two hours,—tho stout Kirghez ponv galloping hour and twenty- the last soventeen miles in fivominutes. The Captain estimated his weight, enveloped in fuzs, at twenty stone; and the 1it- tle beast had carricd that burdenover the steppes toand from Kasala without once faltering, " A letterrecived at thispolnt informed the Captain that his permisslon to travel fn Central Asfa had beencanceled by Gen, Mitutin,and hemust return without delay to Furopeun Russia. Tho routs back o Blzeran was traversed in the samo mon- neras lhujoumexu\l —that point beng reachied in the widdlo of Marci lough was _ended. And thus terminated his travels In Central Asla, In briefer thae and un- der different clrcumstances from what he had fntonded, Yet ho had not boen wholly balked of his purpose, He lad secu Khiva, as he sct out to do, and, ln his passage tucre und back, had made ths moust of every opportunity for scrutinlzing the condition of tho country und the poliey of its Russian conquerors, llrloknuvll!dgu of the Russian languago gave b s advantage he was uot slow 1o lnprove, wnd overywhero ho sought oceaslon to spesk with tho soldicrs of all grades regarding thu ultimate purpose of Russia in extunding ber emplre i Asta,_Iis lealousy of that natlon Is moat Inteasely English, und, In every actlon of her military, he reads the futent to wrest Indla from {ts present rulers, His prejudices inevita. bly bias his judginent ind the same course of conquest which, pursued by Eugland, s decined perfuctly honoiable, fs execrated when aecoms listied by Russia, ‘To an impartial witness of l’n.. action of the two Powurs in acquirin Asfatic territory, it §s diflcult to ses why it should by a greater erime for Russia to seizo tho Khanates of ‘Lurkestan than fur England to selza India, which, lu the words of one of her own_ historlens, she **won with so much blood- shed sod 8o nuch wrong.! But the record of Capt. Burnaby's observa. tions s {nteresting. 1t niakes us acqualnted with ways ugréeablo perdonage, o resolute, pluckly, munly character; sud it also adds o respectably number of new jteins tu our knowl- edgo ot acountry constantly increasiug I polit- feal fnportance. ‘The appendix coutelus ex- tracts from_ofllcial documents, and tablus of routes In Quntral Asig, which, with the maps, enhanco the value of the book, RARLY ENGLISI ITISTORY. THE CHILDIIOOD OF TIE ENGLISH NATION; ou, Tux BEeinxixas oF ExgLisu Histouy, By ELta 8. AnxiTaok, 12mo., pp. 240, New York: Q. P. Putnsm's Sous. Chlcago: Jansen, Mctlurg & Co. 3 ‘The fuviting title of * The Childhood of tiic Eugilsh Nation” 'fs fellcitiously sppliedton fascinating volume. Its subject sssigns It to the grave department of history, and the digalty aud profounduess with which its theais fa treat- ed qualify it to fill an honorablo place In. the growlng nass of litersture rocordiug and In- terpreting the progress of the Anglo-Saxon race; yet auch skill has been cmployed fu lts cunstruction, and such charm in its diction, that it sllures ons URe a highly-spiced romance. Nevertheless, nothing coyld be mprs unlike the alr and manner of a romance. Its style s the veryroverseof the imaginative, the exaggerated, und the sensational. Blngularly sober, stuple, and succluct, it is the wmodel of & stylo for s historiun who does mot seck to excite, to per- suade, to Intoxicate, but to couvince by & plaln und broad presentation of facta thoroughly mastered and effectively exoounded. The ook makes no pretension Inalm, or slze, or cost. Its uvowed oblect s to give un- learnod people—that is, the great bulk of tho cowmunlty who bave not the opportunity for prolonged study—a comprebwnsion of the funer weaniug of the events which have ducided tho oursy of Buglish blatory. And it bas fully av- THE CHICAGO 'I‘R-IBUNE SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1877—TWELVE PAGES. complished its purpose. n mors lucld, yet concise, account of the birth nnd early growth of the English nation. The writer successfully Imparts her Insight toths ~an {nsight which bas beeo galucd by ed and comprelicusive researches, hae earrled her work ont Nownerc havo we read of 1,121 years, thenc: Tador 410 yeara: Wiitiam of ed England 203 years Iater. neas of Villenenve aayed this country from certain {nvasion fn 1805—that Is, 117 years after Willlam's It fe, however, A Temarkable fact, and one to be horne In mind by all who would conslder aeetion of Invasfon, that ainca the ‘wasr there has heen no great and enccesful Invasion of England unless there was an Engiish varty walting to welcomo the invader. Kven tie Sorman Conquest, which, in 1ts over- whelming effcet on the nation end the permanency sk Llood snd character, n», was nots forelgn "Thiere had long been o t piatty in the realm contende re wad nt the tinie & Nor- man party, for Kdward, Harold's predecessor on the throne, had filled the castics, crowded the ricered the flect with Normand, and the people of Enzland swere of mized nation alities,—<ome of them closely akin tothe Nor- anded from France in Stophen's n it was only with a retinne of 140 knlghts, beeause Steplhen wad a usueper. 11, England in 12065 e wae snp- whiic Jolin relied for to the landing of k], Joined by the Datch Fleet under Evertsen. Dictionary of the English and Dutch together snmhe n French and English Languages). Nothingibut the weak- I Janten, MeClurg & Co. 1 Kl ACOUSTICS, LIGIIT, AND TIEAT Lectarer on Natoral I'hiloso. ietitution snd School of Arta, ete., 00 11lnetrations, I', Pulpam's Sons. De Tonrville. Torrington, aftcr showing his flect in front of the Frencin declined to engage, and malled »lowly up Hurrled orders were sent from Lon- don directing him to enzmge at all harards. obeyed, but in o hesitating wanner, keeping baek art of his force as arcserve, Ime dirlded with the French the conimand of the s sound sirange to English care lo be tald that the Datch squadron waa placed in the van, the English remalntng behind, went on, the English Blue 8quadeon, which fiad been marshaled in the rearnf all ae a rrar-gnard, ushied forward and attacked the rightof the ne, hut Torrington himself, with the Ited Squad- ron, tncked and huvered aloof datinz the whole “I'hus there was s gap In the centre of the alllea iinc. Into which the French pushed their #hipn, cpsrating the Dutch from Tooke's Sruai. ron, 80 ag to ovtrpower them both. h afternoon fhe Allics drew ont of action, leaving one alilp In the Landsof the enemy, while four others were #o acverely handled that they were run on ahare and burnt by thele nwn crews, ton fled to tha Thanies for safely, and the Dateh fleet returned to tho “coas The conmand of the Chiannel was now completely 1n the hands of the French, and it wonld veem that tlicre waa nothing to hinder their landing an army anywhere on tho flampshire or Susex coast. ‘Thore were 40,000 French suldiers within easy dia- tance of Dunkirk, and thefr sersices were ‘free, hecause the Dake of Luxembourg had just won the battle of Flourus and necded rt nrmy was in lrelnnd."nn-l only 10,000 reg- wiar troops, chiefly recrnits, wero read oppuscd 10'the Frencli in' the routh of ‘I hie naval battle had ocenrred on the 13th of hut from that jlne for several weeks Do Tunrville did alwolutely nothing. tha truops at Trest were embarked in tf narrow galleva bronght from, the Mediterrancan. ‘They crossed tha Channel escorted by a fleet which wannow 111 sail, and on the 21et of July were off Portland, But they did not land, though there wan. nothing ta_uppore thom, N muved 1o Tarquay and_anchored close to the vil- Jabe, which was then but o mere fishing hamlet. Atzain thera war nothing to opp. 1lie troops remained on rice, $1.50. SCIENCE ™ BERIES, to the close of the cever goes with her it wero possible to follow her guidance through the tnazes of the centuriea which descend to tho present da; As n sample of the spirit and of the work, we cite the following parace) which stands ot the beainning of .Chap. | S William the Uastard, the victor of Tlustings, fs n mait who las Jeft such nwark on the his- tory of Lugland that it Is worth par wiile to louk at hiinv'a Hittle wore closely. In pesson he was immensely tall and strong; ver. {n liis later yeurs; etern and’ weathiut fn his Lehavlor, thouieh given t prim Jokes. The ¥a- siish chrontelers ind two things to prafse him for: the support which hie gave to the Chureh, and the good vrder which he kept. Wiillam was a soldler of order: he hate yule and savageners; ho supyorted the beeausc sho was the greatest help to th But there liave been great mer, such usvur own King Alfred, who have fought for the canse of onier beeause they felt ft tobe a her entise than thelr ow, aid these ore the men who have left the no them In history, be had not learned Lo y to a bigher Jaw: anil, was nobler by nature thne, his stera eelf-will Ted hin o acts of ine nstice and cruelty such as were blamed even Yetall these acts were dune, like his invasion of Englond, tinder soie lemal excuse, for Willlau b it lie could not always be i least to appear just, catlon to mnke him self-rehiant and bard-lieart- 11g haul been lelt as a Loy to tight aila own way in lfe, und make gowd of " Nurmundy againss prowd, Barons wha despised him forhigshamedul blrtly, and wie were determined that they wonld ot It was n hard lifa “that Willlam had as u youny tnan, atd it was a Jife to nmlke Yet It Is cortaln that there wers wella of tenderness in Willlaa's Leart which were never atilte dried up: ho loved his wife de- votedly, and le was ‘an affectlonate father il gulled by the fneeatitude of his son. It s woithy of note that, in un nge of vice, his sunrricd He was fees from blame. Teen hetter men in the world, and there have heen many worses hut there huve beett few that hiave done miore lasting decds.” A Tnzatiar ox funar. ren, amil it ma; Wit CHAPTERR ON BKILL Uie phrascology of fta Infinence an I ranks fieat among all | attaek on A united Danisit amd an L §ng for tnastery, and t adley Bros, & Ca, | Conrt, and eveny andJansen, Me(lor: LOVE 1N IDLENES! L., ¥ y U conte, ANNE WALWICK. A Novet, By (eonaiasa Author of **Mildred." cte. Paper, 1 l!lprm‘r& DUros. Cblcaga: Madiey rice, i cente, ND WEFT: oit Lave Tuar Hatit Anthi poriad by the Enalish part ¥ wun and Mortimer able to dethrane Kdward 11, it was not becauee of the force they hrougit front Flanders, ~only i3, n,—for there waiat the time in Eneland o u reguiar army of 10,000 men At arms ond 4,000 archers, Unthe otlic hand, in 1:80 8 French force f nien nesembled In Flandera and entbark- ed with the Intention of invading thin conutry, but falled even to Jand, though the bulk of the Englisltlect, with 10,000 of our best men, weie away on the coaet of Spain. yenscls had, acconiin brougnt together fur this ahortive exnedition, and s wetl A4 Infantry. nce was unable to effect during thia ** Hundred Years’ Wae ™ wan achicved by the Duke of Lancaster. in 1389, with a troq lancers, hecause the people of England erpoured hia cause In vpposition ta 'he invasions durinz th nothinz mare than nitem 12 obtaln mpreincy, ond Tewkesbiry there were three Invaders atonce on nzlish roll—Fdwarg, ¢ 2) York:™ Nlarper & & l'o, Frice, ALF-HOUR 1 MY, Purt : Hadley liros, TIONS IN MUTUAL 11S- MENTAL POWERY OF IN- By AL 8, Packann, Jn, C centa, TURAL SOURCES satoN or THeil Varinery, ANn oF Mapkay SKEFTICAL Onigce K :ulq {fiLy, D, D,y Ll 1), Paper, nes et names hehind 1ot une of these 1 up his own Wil therelure, thouzh he an most men of his An many as 17387 which Tend a ¢cheerful aspeet to thootherwise | by men of that day, There are ning schools: the hnfvfl- which con- 1 violonce, and, t| PERIODICALS RECEIVED. CHOLAS for March (Yerlbner & Co., Ne . Contente: Frontiplece, ** Littie Karen's 4, Smithwick, froma *Little Karen and v o8, 0, “Making Maplo Juth Kengon (Hlostration k Y (Poem), Ly Mrs. 1 Itad the very edu- _ihnt of Itichard \Wars of tho Kodes were, of one ado orthe other Just nfter the battle of poaition as Doke Next day’ the flotilia arel, and Fal- rg. Tl 1 leney of Itich- pl, which close | thin period of Englieh history, wae made with alwut 2,000 men, o sald by Fhillp de Commines that they were ** the wortt e hud ever beheld, ond undeservin nanw of soldiers,'* Bint a Jarge traope on who:a Jtichn way to the rendozen o & landing, but n silled and moved to Torbay, whero they disembarked and | place which consisted of nbont forty huta and } the Engllsh_ wero in_crowds of volun. brook hils rulu. Fhy Lucy 11, Mot }lv:'u Ninae rid relled deserted him on the + while, in the midst of the went over to the encmy Onee_more in the time of nch attempted Igvasions, hut with entire 1l success, Un ono vccasion 2,0 d - in the Isle of Wight were driven_off by the peopli of the wlakd with p, to the time of Elizabuth we and mastcring 3 VAV frowm d draon by M. Woolf, ns) h th iy J. 1. Ketly armed nor instructed aa soldiers. tack noe aid the French, and in o few days, after and burninz everythin, closeto the harbor, the French N the Chiannel without having fired a sin Engllsh soil. This attempt of the Frenc nlarly lnstructive, showing, aa it docs by a practl- cal example, that it Ia across the Channd tiwo fliastrations 3 ** Che Gul s (iluatration drawu racts from the Joure Castle,” by Wilham B, by adapanie srtisty; nu of 8 Kino-toat ' Uwn Marter, * Chap belgzu (two Ninstrations o Little Florencla, Tllustrations—two by iPocing, by M. 4, 1, Con March,™ Uy ‘Tl tlons byauthor) ;. by Macy'A, Lath s all invadions with the remark that not one sticmpted by a foreign potentate In opposltion to the united will of the country was ruccesaful, 1t 10 & [act worth laying to heart. Concerning the Atmada, tothe time of which we have now cume, we have Capt. Hozler's authority for saying that the force u alble to convey troops in boats not _more sea- worthy than those, thonssnda of which are to ba found’ carrying hieavy cargoed up and down tho rivers of ibo Contlnient, or coasating along the TITE STAR SERIE! Wiy Many llzaly, Author of imo.. v S8, Culeago: Madley STONM-DRUVEN, **Lakeville," ote, 1. B Lippincot roctor (four Hlustra. ton 1 pring Work ™ (picture dratn hurers ¢ Pattikin'e House, " by oy Alllson (ilusteation by Poor Katy Dewy ** (loem! +:Mins Mufieti Serloe,* Mary WV, Wallace}: s (1llustration by ulpit s ¢ Youny roops embarked frum amounted 1 20,000 men, while the 110,000 held ready for sea by the Duke of Parma in the Low Countrles never cmbarked, shores wore 183,000 Engllstuocn mustered to ro- Yej it 15 an undoubted fact that that conld thore would go hard At the moment of crisls, tho In 1672 Willlam was once more absent from En- land when tho French planncd 8 serioas invasion. camp of French and Irish was formed near Cher- ris were collected. A strong E] ‘I'bis Jast prolustion of Miss Hesly may be pronounced without reserve a clever book. 1t deplets phnses of Ameriean He, st home and abroad, with truth snd foree. The writes's res- *fdence In the United Btates and in Europe has given her unusual opportunities of stedylngler compatriots on both vontinents, and licr obscrva- tlons hiave been both sbrewd and wide. with some mortfication that this Inat fact must bo neknawledged, for the reallstie pleture of Anmierlean moruls and inanners that she holds ub {3 1oty it many respects, flatterlng o the nn- tional vanity, Yut the unsparing exposuro of the faults aud folblcs of what {s really represcit atlve American character will bo salutary to those who have sense enough to Improve by de- served thouwh sharply-admiulstercid reprimands. Tho seenc of the story muves from Lakeville —q fletitious name for Chitago—to Parls, and In eitlier lovality Miss Ifealy Is cqually at home, In the delincatlon of plice and custoins, and (n ty, aud to gencrul tope ics, she apealka with tho calm nysurante of one perfectly conversant with the materluls she has Iu short, the woman of talent, culture, and penctration) Is visible In evory feature of the romance, ‘The plot of the story {a very well concelved, The reader is kept In asuspease regarding Its solution that somctimes grows uncasy, Lutls flnaliy relleved by a natural and agreeable ter- mination. It would be comforting to one's re- spect for ‘human nature to receive assurauce thnt the character of Mrs. Cox is overdrawn. Positive crimo Is innocence compared with her complazent sclfishness. But 1t Is quites tri- umph for the author to have centered the fn- terost n a herolne who is ncither more nor less pretty, and well-intentivued, oud foolish, than the average Amerlean matden. If the Dame of the herolne, Lil Tenple, Is meant a8 & satiro upon the sflly fashlon of using fn public the caresalng sbbreviations which, in affection properly substitutes for the full Christian_name, it 18 severe, and_Nelllo are tiresome enough, but d to vulgority when Lily Ithough the sister, Marthd, 1s for the most part retalned in the backpround, a3 a homely, commouplace flgure, the nvicor- ating infludnco she diffuses about her tnakes her n very grateful addition to the drama, The one carcliss point fn the finlsh of the picco Is the noglect to dispose of Barnard Sinith, 'So worthy s coaracter should not huye been Ieft fn oblivivn when the fate of ull the others was Lelug de- Jesvie Curetis) 3 Muria W, Jon VL. ‘bourg, and 300 tranepol fleet was in readiness (o eacort the flotlli very day of embarkation was named, but a pa: the’ expodition was tosail from Tanlon, and. at that thine, 88 on many previous occaslons, the wind ‘ourvilic’s squmiron was held That of Estrees conld b then, ad now. It-wne belleved hureh) s ¢ Juck. i i be th Department ™ (411 The Jtiddle-Box * (two lusten- MONTHLY for March (Scribner & e New York W. 8, Ward (twont; fand (one {iustration) Jomance, " Purt 11, (Cuneluvlon was contrary, Du back in Ihe harbor of Birest. not sirupzic out of the Mediterranean. were detsined the united Enullshand Dutch ase sembledn tleet superior 1o that of the ¥French, defeated on the 10th of May In During tho followin) ajlora sbowed the rame daeh and iich afterward made our country inlstresa of the scaw, pursued the French ahips wherever they took refuge, and so damaged the naval power of thelr rival an to clear the shores of England for 1y _a day from dread of Freneh the French took slipped away tune of Hownsd and Ecyuonr, Drake and Jawking, N anccees wan achlovcd by < the ‘offcisdie, ro far an 84 in thut of holdness i takf tion of the leet was cuneeened, is reganded a8 the Fablus Crnetator of might have Tam for cver beind 3 Vedeas without aflecting the couree of e had to attack at Tast When his arnty wus resdy, i lin detensive stand at Waterluo wanld never isve rescued Europo withont the ad- vance lator in tha day of tho fiery Blucticr, awas with the Armaua, 1L 3 **Princeton (nincteen Hustr- 1 Lonzfellow (Un e : tioa=) 3" 47y Tienry Wadsworth Tite Birthduy, Feb. 271" by Cha +/Tho Youtls of ulibert Etuart, "The rhips which compused heart of - grace, it numbered abont 130 sall, of whleh 12 were the cunvoying English naval force Iying ot Plymouth amounted uty-nive Queen’s ehips and Alty-thirce Lut tue rood fortune of England wave u fovorable wind blowing from FPlymouth s the Armada paescd, so that the English ships were able to leave the harbor and keep to windwanl of In tho night Howand and Drake walled out with forty ships and hone to windward Next morning the Spanlarda bure np for battle, but tho wary Englleh Admirals would not clbac, and trusted to their vuperlor suil- ng powerd, running bazkwaras and forward and firtug ateadil, superior sklitand better effect than thelr ‘adver- unable to ciose, E nd, bat they were evidently oppressed withdread of Engiieh snperiority at sta, Sod f to Interesting as the reninlning attempta to resf ftuarts may be frum an historical they can bardly ba catled invasions, surrections, supported mors of less by French Small detachmenta of troopa were also occanionally sent from ¥France, and reiu- In fact, had the Chevalier ccersful, there (s little doubt that larga chimen might have been landed bat_his motley forces could never In_ overthruwing 5 0 Uedroom,' by Clarence Cook (nine Hilustrations) Lo s by Hiulmne i, o 10 Tam Francls Barilote. by leet 1fart ter on the Ntle," Third Part (Concinsion), by **Jlarmony. "' by Annc Lynch Pitcher Plunta,* by Bophie 1), lerricl Hlustrations); **An Aslstic Invasio: Grayland, " by James ‘T, Mcha, Lowrlo's," Chnpters XXIV=X. llogdson Durnett; “The Old Cablne allusions to art, to s tlie_monarch, he inherita the crown-lands and gardens of tho Khanatey and, after prying bisanuual tribute to the Czor, Yeft an fncome of about 60,000, In person, i he {4 taller than the uveruge of his subjects, fte five [ect ten in height, and Is strong- his faco Is of ‘a brond, massive types of the Armadi. forcements promised. chiosen to work with. o 7 succeed permanentl solid powera of the English crown, and In 1748 thy hapelle_scparated hls fortuncs forever from those of the French nation. The fnvarlons, or ttempts st invasion, which we have Litherto reviewed were all made when England woa far weaker fn compariaou with Cone tinental nations than she {8 now, to this time possesrad, Coloulal Emplre which *lomo and Soeret #'Calturo and Progeces:™ *The World's Work meet Parmn on thelr ships fouled each otber, sud were left behind, benetit of the Engliab, who obfal 1rom them o wupply of powder, betnyg already shuit The SpunisnAdwiral slowlyon 10 the narrow straits, and anchored oft sending u message 10 Parns to embark, Tie intended to dlsembark his troups at Mureate, I'ho Puglish fleet wan short of powder and pro. vivlows, for. long as had been thy warnl had been denled it, and §twus not peady, oint alwaya romsined [n its fuvor: the wiid blow towardd tho Spaniunis, wens sent down, * aod slipped thelr cables and Mled from the ww terrible of the elemcats, lvavinz womo me wind blew, but 83, rehi D, Applcton **The )ln‘:\rxulu- na, tione); ' Love or Study, " & Co., Now York). Conten Tegfon of North Caroli: She was not wp except in vart, of that s now abeolutuly neces- sary for a nation which will ba firat on the ocean. \ {ime war cominz when the resuurcea of tho Kiugdom snd the cournge of Englishmen were to b put {0 8 supreme test; that tost came when she fought for, aud afierwards against, her American #he tben shuwed and ihe cxperienee which slv gained carried her through the dangers of the French Ilevolution and There. has probably been o perlod in our natlona! history when ~ croakers Koue about with tho cry In thelr mouths that of ammunihon. N Mather' (an iifustratior he Young Doctor.” b ** The Sin: 'er‘:nl'.rrur A 1L Guorey: . eorge Ban MR, Blatts o by Uaward Giyn- tecollectiony, ™ n d: ** In Wearines The power which ulorgione's Venlce., My Hon Vietor," Ly o Defonaes of Constauting) in tustratiou) s ., by Jullan Hawthornes Aucient Americans, ™ by Shuet ridlan Isiand, ** Editor's Table: '3 AMERICAN MO (John E. Potser & Co., tents; +* Edwin Fors ¢ ‘Thomus A, Janvier: ** Laven- tocturnl Progress, an Scen in the the World: ™ If.—tiroek drifted down They conld never re vollant English eaflors, nhirays 1o wi da ought tu huve been destroyed, but ot thiy Ume the parimony of the Englixh Governmout told, and the guns of the fiecet hnd 10 cease Bring for want of powder. What If the wind had changed rainda, with arma at ite buck, to wallant Englishr Who cun eayy It Llew moro dercel Thour, and the Spanlards, with 120 ehipa ntl Iceable, liad to ‘hear ) pre-eminently the case i 17 uro, when the Seven Y Gien, Braddock bad some timo_before suffercd o werious Qigorter in Amcrica, (eory 1t the ofticers under Braddock: and tho Lerland, who, with 50, 000 men, had i Hanover on the lino of the Weser, {1 the mouth of the Elbe and co ‘onvention of Clortor-Soven {o di A despandency wich as, perha; wscssed our country and Chesterfleld onger & nation." o lnoks, HLY for March the (ireat “I'rayed! ome Is curtalled to Lil, windward of th Iteitglons Edlfces of 1t did uot change. Arehitecture, " by the ltev. Willlamn *Hob Cherlat, \ Chelusfora, ™ by Warr Last Visit ta America, Tiuk; ** Phantom Paces.” fERL I‘N]ll'u Eyplrcapal . Nor 8ylva Ifeans **The Anclent Chine cteriaticn and Itellgion, t; ‘4 Tho Falr Patriol of 1d Murdoch; **Wo nover before or wiuce upon It at tho news of thisreveme, groaned [n despulr, ** We are no Jut that had occurred which way be counted on In Englond, The cvent was mpoken of fn_homely by Frederick of Frussia, land m | brought forth a man." und before long the counclls, not of England only, d_Amerlca, felt his In- tho year before Hyng, mistaking conntrymen, had retired hefore Heselans with os nlonz the castern coast uf England. The Knglish followed for atime, then retnrned ta the Chauncl, while the Armada was beaten to pleces by storny: ohips, with 0,100 or 1t unt with greyhounds and hawks, in Walters; ** Lafuyette's wo that only flty-fous G men, regained their owncountry, 1fthe English flect war unready—for Do It recollected that there were only twenty-ning Queon's vessels nt Plymouth, baaly vupplled Loth with powder and food—the 1and forces were still repared. There were nearly 113,000 men, rthy most part quitc untrained’ fur war, while the Spanish troops wero veterans, and Par- ma was the greatest General of the, time, Heury Seymour, with thres Quecu's ratcers, was watching Parm e rous that ould como DR, ARNOLD. s THE LIFE» AND CORRESPONDENCE OF TIOMAS ARNOLD, D, D., Lats 11 of Rugby School, and Nexlus Profesyor of Mod- ern History in the Unlversl TUDR PESIUYX STANLI man wne Pitt, e was sent back to Kasala by the shortest route, accom- panfed by a party of soldiery mnvnuleutl; of Uxford, Dy Auie but af Europo, A voed and Mar. the French fleet, and 1 ma 1y Hanoverians had teen brought over 10 Rne glani to uesist in defending the country against in- vavlon, which was threatenud by ‘wese very unpopulse, and, though Capt. vely defcnds one of them ngainst & whop-lifting with which he waa charged, 1t wus good that the Engliah people xhould fesl un. easy inthe preaence of so man wh were prutected by these M i"‘l‘(‘l‘mn [ zlmv: law. 5 propared vigorous weasures for the prosecus d_llizhland n-:t’imrnl lmpressment, hm- proved the wilitia, and began t of wvasion by taking the offensive against French Capt. lozier tfinks it might have been well had England rutsed forces enough to waech on Weo cannot agres with warch would hiave roused a; + ture and Art“: ‘Sclenco and Noto-Book.” The no REVIEW for March o Adminfatration of Yrosident Grant, pendent ltepublican; **Thoory " by Jomes C, Bayles, of the Jron “sTwo I'ast Ages—Sonnet, " by Charles (Teus Turner, Euglamd: **German Co by Jullis Duboe, Dresden; " by P'rof, ljalmar . Boyesen, Unlversity; ‘Rasponsible Governmien! 1 1ladiey Bros, & Co, It is a gratifieation to sca in a more compact and economnical form than s hitherto been presented the ablo and impressive blugraphy of Dr. Arnold by Dean Stanley, absorbing intercst,—une which not only edu- cates the mind, but profoundly affccts the hoart, It is o stolld naturs that will not, after u perusal of the work, be Inspired with a mora tonder rovereuce for the purce and exalted vir- Dr, Arnold was perhaps not u great man {n the full scnse uf the term, butho wus o very strong man,—strong In will, aud in- tellect, and affectlon,—an. sitn plicity and earnestness with which ho carrled fnto action the fucorruptible fntegrity of his principles. 1T1s chavacter, was o rare exempliti- cation of the unlon of sweetness and gentlencss with irtnuess and justice, cauty of his exumple has d by two noble prawpted by the prrateful love of two einluent of huving ouce 5: tho presert blography by Dean tho story of “'Tom Lrown at Rugby ™ by Thomas Hughes. tributes, consecrated to o Jfu of slgnal purity, will perpetuate tho fauio r many generations. LORD MACAULAY, 1E WRITINGS OF LORD with utcm_nluml Notes by f d to Invade Enplaod, b rake turncd the tables by attacking, tho 1t 1s @ memolr of stores und magazln: and bombarding Vigo. ‘men kept the dpanisl navy in ters consts, nnd_sutiie wmall descents In Ireland wero Qofeuted, nfter landing, by tho military forces of nos there, thicatenin foreiyn troops, tor from sube “The foreignens tlon of tho war, Capt, Hozler ls vidently of opinfon tha} E gland must have on conquered 11 the troufia e Tied by the Armada had succecded fu elfecting 1a's force and landlug on our here bu much to bo enld on tho uther side, but s coutroversy on the subject would bo unprofitabl Frou the relgu o h, n mionth before his fur- | tuca of humanity, routhenstern cous bim, for sucha inst us an cothurlasm exist in France, and the 'c been enormous as arme n saylug, us he docw, that Ruse sla, if otwar with us, could much more casily +tattempt un fuvaslon of England and settlo the uestion of supremacy du thu Urlent by a battlo on tho banks of the Thanies,** than invade Indta, Lo is h invasions are alike lmpossie ble fur wany & year fo come, but the success of an sttempt ou India fs concelvable, whilo that on ute, trouger atlllfu the | o BIEIEGRLY for Masch (Catholls Pablica- tlon I1ouse, Now £ Ellznbeth tothatof Charles 11, from forcln Invasion, an scd her wiil ou the e e the Protectorato hiny ters of 0 Youug \nent of Europe, ** Lo Vore's * Mary View of Toledo ** A March Fllgrim- foxs VTho (rent Steike at Ere rlekdeles” **Modorn Melodiate; ** New Fubll- IOOKSELLER for Fob 18 (Aurl- ppany, Kow Vork). R SOURNAL—Vol. L, Nor, oldt, Now York). IVING AUE~Cirrent numbors (Lite ). gfl‘l‘i)l.\’—cnrrvnt nuwmbers (F, In 1607 occurred an which groutly startted the country, and ought rvo ax & warnfug to us throuzhout all i Datch fiect, under Do It outh of the Thamos, broke thron taced in the Medway, passed up puor, burnt wix Jarze ships sud damaged othicrs, then snfled down the const and made descents et Portsmouth aml Plymo which it returned to the Thames and sal t: Tt But by this tine troop: haeredly throwu ery s the Dutch had na | i London was saved, pt of Argyll and Monmouth, refgn of James 11, never lad a chance of , 1or, though thero were partisans of the canwy both In Scutiand and classes for the most part etood aloof, sud the ane disclplined levien of the Duke and the Earl were e tezalar troope sent agalnst Argyll's movements which attended while Monwouth's: motley Irishwouan to I *¢ English Rule {n [relant in the memor) The power and resources of England aro 88 those of other nativns, hut ut s different kin They are certalnly not destgned for marching wi out alllew o Continental Capitals, and probably never will be, Bt in 1757 wo of Indla, in 1768 we captured or French wen-of-war snd forty-nine ‘privatevrs, nguinst thres English men-of-war snd seven privae teers which foll to French bravery and scamau Then, us formerly, thu Frenchi fcit that thelr went was the land, and that it was their bus! . Bothey unce niore projected anin. vasion, Flat-bottoned boats were preparedat lavre and other ports to cury troops, and, knowiug this, i h the guns of hls r of Havie, sud destray- blockaded u varlous ports, but towands the midile 11ah ships, which wera bl awke, werv struck by s and blown to Torbay, 1! to Illuclg“(‘l.ns wonall Hut Hawke bad come out of Torbay as ermiticd, and, pureuluy;, came up just as Dufl, cafching »ight of "uls comrade's went alout aud showed Oght. ral drew his whips into shelter of i stusle and rocks ou toe coast, but the Eogllsh nallors reckless of danger, though without pilots, AUl that afternoou und tn uight, throug the storm, the baitle i utterly disasirous 1o ‘These fervent gan the conqacst estroyod sixteen uud the good of 1t y Lo operate on shore, ‘e aburtive atte SELECTIONS ¥ROM Ul Hdi g Orio Thavew 72, New ¥ dloy thros & Co. Price, 82,00, There are in the writings of. Macaulay a mul- ttudo of portraits of Oiustrlvusmen, of finlshed delineatlons of scencs, and 'times, and fncle dents, of stirring skalehes of battles and slegzes, and of pleturasque eplaodes complete in themselves, which lose little of thelr vivid slg- nificanco by belug detached from the context, Better thou fu the cuse of authors leas graphle aud brilliant, frazments, of this varied sort, taken from the essay or history fn which they were uriginally sct by Macaulsy, conclude the conceptiou they present, and do Justico to the genius they filustrate, A volume of such selee- tions, culléd with good judgmont, i3 hero of- fered to- tho public by the same hand which lately penned ‘the delizhtful biograpby of the The cunteuts include up- INVASIONS OF ENGLAND,* England, the vpper Lundon Tines, Kb, 3. 1f wo cust back a glance over the whole period of ovur kuown hlstory, we shall scethalit s marked ut iutorvals by a scrles of successtul ju- vasiung, and, morcover, that the cvils fntlicted on the victima of those invasions were not with- out counterbalanelug advantages for the couti- try, ‘The fnvasion of Cicssr first Ufted the Britunsout of utter darkness and harbarlsm, and wus the beginuing of our history, Thein- yaslon of the Normaus, or Northmen, of 8candl- navlan origln, oud therefore ukin to many of the famllies forining at that time part of the people of England, plunged the Saxon population In misery forconturics, but it Introduced the stern central authority and discipline which wers uecessary L0 Overawo o Iat o by S Admfral ticorge It Hect, bombanded the har by a comuiitive a divisfony uf cous as lucapable of defoatl of November tha En Rorve, T i ading lrest under ot the whole, the country was logal (0 Sawes, en the Wme came that the people folt siucere dread of d rollglon forced upol {mica) to freedont, 1d nonie of 1l troops d Priuce uf Orange landed, an outragud couutry. went out 0 meet hin, skismlel oconrred at Wincanton, When U disuflection to Jamea wad found (o have perya thu wholw army. Some of the principal osicers duserted, and even_his daughter Annw, With Lee I FPrinoe Ceorgo of Uenniurk, wtand by biwm In the crlsl dashed out aud salled soon a4 the storm " ut scascely liad & duslicd after the enewy. many antagonlstic create & united The same luvasion introduced cbivalry snd The eftect of the Norwman Con- quest upon our laws has lasted to this day aud been of great service, though some of the ve- malnfog provistons of Willlum's code could bardly be considered as otherwise thau cbsolete to-day. Capt. Hozier assurvs us that Queen Victorla could still causo tho cyes of any poacher who shot u stag fo Windsor Park to bo plckod out. Lawyers would tell him that & law may become obsolcte without Lelng formally re- pealed. Tho {nvasion of Heury Tudor closed tho Wars of the Roses, and gave us s kingly ling which fostered our natloual atrength, threw off the autbority of Rowe, rej ds, sud alinost create When the wark of Cromwell was obliterated by Charles 1L uud Jaics 11, sud the nation saw ftself falling back towanls fon to Papal authorit tho fuvaslon of Will- faw of Ursuge gave back rcligious berty to Eu- laud, purited sad stre; %0 tht Wo were aul afterwards red tyranay of Napol 10 that of Witlam the French fleet, ) o ¥anie gale Thourot escaped from - and attempied a landing lown_away thence, relurne famous historian. ward of fifty pleces, historicul onu of which furuls e intellectual powers of Macaulsy, tho collection fs calculuted to enla of bis adimirers, by reaching thoss wlo have not pussessed or cantiot pussess themsclves of bils Dunkirk with five vhi; I Irelund, but was bi captured Uarrickfergus, and taken prisoner by three English 1213 n'thu vaine day that Hawke's victory wee won, ng tn the lowss oo tho subject of & pionument to Wolfe, who had thereby made canquest of Canada; at th "sunda, Nova Scots, Iudls, and leaser Col- uvessions of tho Britlel Crown; and but » shorl five yoars ha Chestericld despairud of his countr) 1n 1770 France and Spain julned tand, which was then luthe throcs of bee cou- with tbu Americau Colonles. 0,000 French soldiers fn the Kt alalo, As usual, vur lan defunscs were sll unready, Freoch and Spanish ships wae iu the 'hannel, no -aix il Of the line, with il (gates aud winal Hardy bad vuly thirty-el had o favorable Wwind sbd was to windward, so that hu could avold cogagiog asd lead the enemy o dance, wasting their timo sud temper, for the allicd Adwirals soou dificred In opioion, es allics wlll, oud betook themsclyes hume to thelr own Vaul Jones, & Bcotchman, Tuourat of thls oxpedition, aud showed bow mucl bow little to barwy, & patlon *ferror (ollowed the sound of bis wnine. but the Fesult to his catse wev—notbivg. t it The other way succesalnl almost with- kA o Uiy becaay Enghehoen roforrd liberty undera forel of uuunpopular reli fow yoars of Englieh utefory are nsurrectlons to restors They 1y bo cal nder came from the Contlucnt sud had, semetimes, the ald of swall foretgn con- ‘but thoy ate absulutely valuelces as types £ warninge for the future, sud we vey that not far short of balf Cupt, pages aro devoled to illustrating the wretched sticmpts of the drish or the wild ferays of the Scutch 1lighlandery, whild Mghtly treated, and thy the Dutch on the Tuames Is diim Juues Janded in Irclaud In 1680, aud the comino- ‘tion there was 30 great that fu the followlog yuar Willtat crossed the Chunnel W quell the jusurrece ‘e occarion was svized fKiou undera Beghtinuto sove dowed by unsuccessful § BOOKS RECEIVED. AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ECONOMY, v, LL. D)., Or Professor of Hivtory sud Polltical Econor nes the Proted 1 Torces to favada it sanin s e rls frow ‘ilavea to Torces and ceneral A bugo allied teet of Al s esting attompt of uch Dictionaries of iho Ac s ‘Hescherellc, ets. ; from the Euylisu Dic- tionarice of Jobason, Webater, Lichardeon, ete. Dy Lxo¥ CuNtaMskau, Professar of the French and Litersture in the Lito Noyal la- ladelpbia: J. B. L Chlcago: Jausn, McCh T-DICPIONARY "OF THE FRENCH ENGLISY LANGUAGES, lncott & Co. Chicago: Jansen, Me- . Price, $1,50. DTIONARY OF THE GERMAN AND 8 LANGUAUES. By ¥, W, Loxudad, bt uien-of-war, but bu ¥ the Freuch for attewpts ut fuvasion, cd ot Lrest, and special galleyd (an 1 trunsport t. Scarcely bad an _jguominlous e and Kx‘n‘:;lll:n'y nler fevt waa collects rom ¢ French soldiers to the Enclish colivl Wiiliam salled from Cheshlee, than the Cowly do oprvillo took the sea with eixty-vhshtuall of the. llne and twenty-two s shipd, which duys occupled the povition u nsval warfare now held by turpedocs. Blie yeasels monuted 4,500 2 Was scnt 1o Laka thu cou- a in the Dowas, and wad d vur national lfe, up the power whic! d and Srat checked the military Frow the fuvaslun of Cuscr tho Conqueror there was 8 fn- Invaston of Eogland: A Tiator y Caj By Lrox Coxe can be duno o Lursas, ty & sunull furce. guns. Lord Torriy woud of (Lo’ squa Slates fleete against Yet we held our ownat eea, kept off fuveston, ~nnd, we lost rome Colonles in the West, founded 2n Emplre in the East. FAMILIAR TALK. KIRGINIZ 31ORSES, The horses which are native to the Kirghls steppes are the hardlest breed in the worll They are small fn size, usually ugly in shape, and their gallop Is not very swift; but theli powers of endurance, in the way of both privs tlon and travel, are remarkable. They aro never loused fn winter, severe as fs that season fn ¥ Central Asfa, nor are they blanketed during the coldest days or nights. Thelr cont of halr; thick and lonzas n shaggy Newfoundland’s, is thelr only protection against the rigors of wind and 8nouw, tven when the mercury drops to 4u deg. below zero. Nor Is there gencrally any pro * viston made for thelr sustenance during the months when the ground {s covercd with saow. ‘Turned loose on the steppe when the day's toll Is over, they are left to make shift for them sclves, which they do by kicking away the snow and feeding on the withered grass and herbs. *Qcensfonally,”” says Capt. Burnaby, ‘‘ the paos Deasts perish by thonsands, and a Tartar, whe 18 a rich man ono week, may find himself a beagas the nextl, This comes from the frequent snow- sturms, when the thermometer sometimes de- scends to from 40 to 60 degrees below zero, Falirenheit; but moro often from somo slight thaw taking place for perhaps a few hours. “his is sufliclent to ruin whole districts, for the ground becomes covercd with an jmpenctrable tslnt:.nfint lce,nud the horses simply dic of stary. on, Invaluable as tho liftle animals are to their mnsters, the lattor do not even take the troubls o water them, but leave them 1n thy winterta assuage their thirst by eating snow. *“Toward the end of the winter months,” guoting again {rom Capt. Burnaby, *tha ribs of the poor beasts almost come thmulll their sides: but, once tha snow (Hu?pcm and the rich vegetation which replaces it i the carly spring comes up, the animals ain flesh and strength, and are capable of performing m-mlfiu which many people in this country would deem impossible,—a hune dred-milerflenot being atall an uncommon oo~ currance fn Tartary. It is sald that & Kirghiz chief once gafloped with = Cossack escort (on . two horses) 200 miles In twcnt{«!our hours,—the path extending for a cunsiderable distance over a mountainous and rocky district. ‘The animals, however, soon re- covercd from the effects of the journey, al-, :ll;m;q!x they were a little lame for the first few ;’ulllmr in winter nor summerate the Kirghix horses ahod, except when they travel over rocky ground. The huot 1s srong enough to need no protection, and a lameo or unsound stecd lan rarity. Capt. Burnaby gives an sccount of two remarkably rapld marches which the Russian cavalry were c¢nabled to make by the useof these ‘stanch, wiry horses, Tho flrst occurred in May, 1870, when Count Borkh led an expedi- tion azainst some Kirghlz auls (villages) across the Ust Urt plateau, which §s bounded on all sldes by a sca; cliff, that in some places at- tains an elevatlon of 400 to 600 fect, while the tracks down its steep incllne arc blocked by cnormous rocks and loose stones. The party. comprised 160 Cosracks and sixty mounted rifle- men. The dificulties ol the road along the passcs of the mountaln were so grest that men and horses were continually coming down; yet no halt was made untll alxty miles had been truveled, * Then began a ride over a long, sterile, sandy steppe, which was destitute of fo! , aud fur- nished water only at rurc intervels, io wells 150 fect deep. The Torce ngaln marched sixty miles without halting, when the absolute dearth of provisions compelled them to retrace thelr steps. The troops reachied headquarters on the sixth day, altey & march of 206 miles over an arid cmuurfi. ‘The licat during the time was excessive, the thermoneter sometimes marking 117 deg. Fabr, in the daytime, while the nights were cold. Yet there wern no sick In the purty, and only twelve horses suffered from sore backs, nn:]lmu‘n’ s on account of thelr being improperiy saddled. At another time, Count Borkli led a fiying columa of seventy Cossacks by secluded ruuu, inorder to surprise a body of Kirghlz, o re- turned to the cump whence hostarted at theend of aix days, havine traveled 833 miles, with the 1048 of only two lame horscs. On the outwanl trip, the troop accomplished 133 miles fn two Y8, MUSSIAN LITERATURE. In n review of the progress of lterature in Russia {n 1870, preparcd for the Athenauin by Mr. E. Behuyler, it fa remarked that the new publications of noteworthy excellence have been few. The most importaut production of the year, the work of' Princo Vasilichikoff on ¥ Land-Tenure and Agriculture, bas not yet been approved by the censorship, and {8 there- fare held back from the press, Count Leo Tol- stol's great novel, * Auna Kerenina," Isyet un- finlshed. The popular novelist, Tourgueniaf, has written only a short story, *The Watch,” aml a brief pocm: but he has'a now and elabor- ate romauce, “ Nov," fn_process of publication, A considersble number of misor novels have appeared,—among which s one by Mlss Smir- nof, o writer of growing power, who bids falr to win the first place smong the wornen authors ol licr country. In the domain of poctry, the most notable ublication {s that comprising o complete collee: fon of the poems and dramas of the late Count Alexis Tolstol, The g rominent. works of a historical interest are e Freuch in Moscow {n 1812, by G. D. N, Popol; the Memolrs of Michael Garnopsky, the business . manager of Prince Potemling the Memolrs of Baron Rosen: *Tha Recollecllons ot Madame Passak;" ¢ Rescarches into the Origin of Rus- sla,”” by Mr. llovaisky; the sixth volume of Kostoniarof’s ** Russian hlawry in thy Lives of its Chicf Actorsi!” and the beginning of a *ils- tory of Russian Life,” by Mr. Zabielin, A nume ber of contributions have been made to the lit- crature of polltics, of travel, and of scence, which arc entertaining and valuable. Thework in Flunlsh of J, R Aspelin, on * Finnlo-Ugrie Archieology,” Is mentioned with bigh pralee. Tts nuthor 1s now cngaged upon an * Archml feal Atlas” the first part of which is uearly, ready for the press. D THE CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY, The Amerlcan Library Journal—which, by the way, is full of intereat toall book-buycrs and book-lovers—furnisties the following statistics of the Library of Congress: The report of Mr, Bpofford of tho thirteen months from Dec, 1, 1874, to Jon, 1, 1870, shows an Increase of 17,590 books and 8,638 pamphlcts during that porlod. Of these, 8,211 were added to the Law-Library, making the agaregate number of works in that collcetion 87,727, ‘The total number of volumes in the Can‘;rullnnnl Library, Jan. 1, 1876, was 20,507, With the Increass of the 17,500 vol- umes added {n 1874, the total number, Jan, 1, 1577, wss 811,007, Under the copyright law therewepe deposited intho llbrary auring the years Tholographa. .. Engravinus and chromod, .., Maps, charts, and drawings Prints ooooooe Total,, 1s suinggrnersaessasarseess 20,200 Astwo coples of cach were required, tha abave total of .20 representa but mfiwd dif- ferent articles, of which 4,010 were books. The recelpte from entries of mg&d ht smounted to $12,500.50, us agaiust $11,7: in the prwd,l_]nf vear,~thus showing an fucreasc. in foes of § y The whols number of entries durlng the year was 14,882, agalust 14,197 for 1875, b tanid UNIVERSITY OF MMOSCOW. The University of Moscow celebrated its 122 anulyersary on the 25th of January, 1878, The uumber of studcnts now fu the Unlversity s 1,500, oud of theso 605 belong to the medical departinent. During tho first balf of last year 004 students astended the lectures free of charge, 843 of whota wure excused psyuient o the wrouud of poverty. In thesecond hu(-‘Lur the sumber of free admissions was 743, Thera is great poverly among the students of wll Russtan uuiversitics, and especially umoug those attendiug medical lectures. At the Alvacow school, during last {:u. » umponru{ ussistancy In money was givon to the umount 8,080 rubles, distributed among 200 students, 1n wddition 43,6773 rubles contributed by & ml«u, which nlso mu:tul;m: dinoers uw&!r&m ¥ L0 seventy poor studeuls every mon a cost of 3,677 :Zm:.. For tho asslutauce of such students, Col, Byldioe has given 25,000 rubles 1o the University, whicli recelved also, last year, ts of 23,000 rubles, aud bequests of for studentsbip, cte. Bealdes other prescots, thercfore, ths University recetved last year i cush sbout 84,000 rubles, or sowe $60,000.” Th)“ Horary of the University coutalus 1734 volwuces. B b > SALE OF AUTOGRAYHS. At a recent sale In Londou of autographs and docuwents, tho Visiting Book of Robert Burns, cuntaising severul bundred signatures of bls frieuds sud sdwirers, ioterspersed with opcas 4 i 3 i : | } i A v iy i [