Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 16, 1877, Page 4

THE UHICAGUU 'I'RIBUNIS: FRIDAY, FEBRUARY ]G, 1877, BY MAH~—IN ADVANCE—FOSTAGR PRRPAID AT THIS OFPICE, itfon. tweive page Lt Weeklv, poatpaid, 3 year, arts of & year, per month.. WREKLY EDITION Qne copy, per year. B Tens Club of twe: i* - Tapreveatdelay and mistakes, be sureand give Post- " Cfice addreas tn foll, Including State and County. Remittances may be made either by draft, expres, Tost-OtSice order, or Inregistered Jetters, at our risk, TERMS TO CITY BUNSCRIBERS. Drlly, delivered, Bunday excepted, 39 eents per week, Dalty, delivered, Bunday Included, 30 cents per week ‘THE TRIDUNR COMPANT, Dearbos Chicago, Lk AMUSEMENTS, Haverly’s Thentro. Randolph etrect, between Clark and @sgement of Mme. Jansuschek. +*Mary Ea- tuart.’ : Mevicker's Tuemre, son street, fween 4rho) 2 o eent of Sasite STichel ¥ Barky S Adelphi Theatre. ' Monros mreet, cofner Desrborn. Variety enter- tainment, * JORIENTAL LODGE, Ko, 33, A, . and A, Mterial, 0, 172 Lasalle itated Communicstion this (Fri- :30 o'clock, for business and work \g:"x‘fi?s cordially Jnvited E. N. TUCRER, Sec. e F. ;PEC‘ o meet with us, By order . FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1877, e Greenbacks ot the New York Gold Ex- chango yesterdny closed at D45, The Illinois Houso yesterday ocenpled much of its time in the discussion of n bill legalizing compulsory education. Tha feel- ing in that body was sufficiently hostile to socuro & recommittal of tho matter to o committee which, it ia believed, will do all in its power to defeat the messuro for this + -scssion, 1t is to bo regretted that the determination of Germany not to participate in the Paris '+ Exposition s irravocablo, It shows that the .’ enimosity between tho two nations hasnot healed since the closo of the Franco-German war, It will detract groatly from the general effect of tho Exhibition to which this power- fal nation, so rich in literature, art, and science, might contribute so much of world- wido intercst. Worse than all, it will tend to embitter the two nations still more, and Increaso their hatred of ench other. After Louisiann, Oregon. Judgo Hoaorer will havoe chargo of the noxt case, Hoitwas who fornished the legnl stiffening to Groven's i ‘backbone, and o will now undertake to ) convince the Tribuoal that ho was right. ! . He will probably omit to explain to the ' Commission thot, owlng to circumstances beyond his control—chiefly the failuro of the attempt to purchase n Ropublican Elector to rocognize and act with Cnoxm—the difficul- ties of tho caso have been increased far bo- yond his expectation, ‘Tho essassin who undertook the murder of Gov. Paczanp may thank the Iatter's prompt interferonco for his escapa from instant denth, Tho friends of the Governor would havoriddled the wretch with bullets as they would lave dispatched n mad dog, had not < tho victim of his murderous assault pre- * vouted the execution of their vengeance. Tho details of tho sttempted nssnssination show how deliberately and skillfully it was planned, ond how narrowly it missed of succes?. Gov./PAckAnD'’s presence of mind, cournge, and physical strength served him well fu tho dangorous emergenoy. — T Senstor KerLy’s speech in tho Sonaten week ngo denying thot there was any im. proper uso of money in connection with the Oregon clection, and the samo Beuator's in- dorsement of Prrron's dispgteh to Patuick '+ urging the necesalty of socuring a Repub- . lican Elector, and suggesting tho pnce & to bo poid for snid Elector, are so . sirangely ot varsnce with conaistency us to convinco many peoplo that the . honorablo gentleman from Oregon ' has ot lenst forgotten his moral obligations while + + under extremo pressure of partisan importu- ‘. nitiea, The case inall its bonrings resem- »+ bles that of Senator Patrenson, of New + Hawmpshire, in which a deliberato misstate- "+ ment, madoin the closing hours of nn other- " . wise houorablo Senatorial earecr, socured for i + the author n dishonorablo dismissal and pub- .. lio humilintion. St Arguments on the admissibility of evi- . dencoin tho Louisiana case were concluded yosterday, Mr, Evanrs closing for tho Rte- publicans, and Judge OaxeneLs, of New Or- . " leans, for the Democrata. This forencon at * 10 o'clock the Commnission will go into secret i session for consultation, and at 4 o'clock in thw afternoon the vote will bo taken on the =, questions alrendy argued at grest length, 1If, *. 88 is confldently oxpectod by the Republic- ang, the Commission decides, ns it did in + thio Florida case, mot to entertaln proot guing back of tho action of tho lawfully- ccamstituted Btato cunvasaing authorities, the reanninder of tho Loulsinna case—that whith relates to the question of the eligibility of tho two Republican Electors—willbe speedily " disposed of, nnd a final award of tho entire case wade to-day. * The Republicans regard tlwo prospeets with complete satisfaction, bo- linving that their part of the legal learings of' the cnse has been presented with invinci. +* ble strongth and weight., One of tho most suprising incidents of ! o foreign trade is the exportation of thou- seads of pounds of fresh meat weekly to * [Grent Britain from the American ond Cang- ' disnports. For mauy years the business of iwporting conned eats ju Englond tues been very extensive, the bulk of the supply Leing wmainly from Austrulia, But now that o process has been inventod where- b7 newly-killed eattle, hogs, and slicep can * Lo shipped s0 oy to be sold in Girent Britain in good condition ut 16 cents a pound retal, thix trade will drive tho canued meuty ont of the warket, und & new fleld of Anwriean profit is opened up, which is aluiost withiout limit. Last year Great Dritain consumed -+ 8,487,068 Lwia. of beef, wmutton, und pork .+ which was imported from abroad, and, now + that fresh weats can Le furnislied at such low o, Tutes, the home production will decreasq still .. iwore, ‘This uew development fu trude will "'} bu a great Llessing to the middle aud poorer i, ¢ classes of Enpland, Ircland, and Scotland, ;. to whom fresh meat Lias herotufore been -, sumnething they have only heard about but 1 ; rurely eaten. “Thu Chicago produce markets were frregu- © lar yesterdsy, with 1mors activity fu the lewd- ¢+ 1 dug departments, Bless pork closed 10 per v, el Ligher, ot §15.15@15.20 cash and §15.20 v for March, Lard closed a shade firmer, at £10,40@10.42} cash nnd 210,45 for March. Meats wera ensier, closing at fle for loose shonlders, Sic for short-ribs, and 8Jc for short-clears, Highwines were sleady, at $1.05 per gallon, Flour was in light demand aud firm, - Wheat closed Je lower, at $1.313 cash and 21.82 for March, Corn closed {e higher, at 42¢ for March and 4Ce for May. Oats closed steady, at 834 cash and 35}c for March. Ilye was casier, nt 9@G0je cash. Barlay was dull and 1@1]c lower, closing ot 56@0G6Ye for March. Hogs were moderately active, and 10c lower for light weights, with eales at $5.00@0.35 for common light to choico heavy. Catile wero active and un- changed. Sheep woro dull and lower. Ono hundred dollars in gold would buy $105.62} in greenbacks at the close, The news from Europo grows more and more watlike, the Russians having concen- trated about 200,000 men and 428 guns at Kislieneff, a short distance from Odessa, and only n few miles from tho bhistoric Pruth, which separates them from the Roumaniang, with whom n treaty has recently been mado that will allow the Russlan passago across JMoldavin and Wallachia to the Danube. Tho most significant feature of the news is tho announcement that Russin Lias failed to re- ply to the Bervian appeal for advice, nnd is putting Montenagro forward as the champion of the Turkish Christians. 'Thisstep, which is fn accordance with the Moscow speech of the Czor, in which Lo eulogized tho Mon- tenegrins and chnrged the Servinns with cowardice, is evidently a sop thrown to Aus- trin, and indicates thnt Russia Lins abandoned Hervin Lo socuro Austrin’s co-operation in her policy. It thisbo so, then the Russian prog- vees will bo rapid. Austria will offer no objection to her crossing the Danubo on the Borvinn frontier, which can be ensily dono, ond will so place her that sho can turn the Balkans and invado Turkoy without being compelled to overcomo tho {remendous nat- ural obstacles of the Danube and the Balken passes, ‘When the written agreement was prepaved that should govern the method of sppoint- ing tho political branch of the Electoral Come mission, and which provided for the filling of vaeancles, it was signed in good faith by the respective Chairmen of the party caucuses in the Senato and House, and tho possibility of tha defeat of tho intontion of ' tho framera of tho Electoral bill through the perfidy of cither party was probably not contemplated by nny of the gentlemen prominently identi- fled with the Arbitration movement. Nor did tho framers of tho bill itself foresco such a possibility, and lLence no provision was made for filling vacancies in the judicial branch by rcason of resignn- tion, Tho ngreemont, howerver, in ita letter and spirit is morally binding upon Demo- crats and Ropublicans alike, and neither party violating it can hope to escapa tho con- tempt and condemnation of tho Ameriean people. 1t is only that clasa of Demoeratio politicians who rccognize no moral obliga- tion as binding that talk of violating the spirit and intent of the Arbitration com- promiso in the event of TiLpey's dofeat; and it is belioved that this clasa {s too small to carry out tho dishonorabla project. Thero is reason to beliove that the Eastern ronds aro malnly responsiblo for the delay in abating the excessivo terminal charges on bandling grain in this city, for which thore is Bo much just complaint. Tho obnozious charges aro mado partly by tho railronds and pastly by the elevators, 'Tho milronds mako tho charge for switching and the cle- vators for trimming; both charges nre pe- culiar to Ohicago, and not mado in tho cities that are competing for Chicago's grain trade. Tho elovators and Western roads are under- atood to be willing to abolish tho charges it the Eastorn ronds will do the samoj indeed, the clovators will olso chango their torif from two cents for tho first twenty days or less to omo cent for tho firat ton days or less, whick, as we havo alrendy explnined, will have n beneficial in~ fluonco on the handling of grain. Ifitis o fnct that this important reform is impeded by tho stubborn and unjustiiable obstinacy of tho Fastern roads, the graiu-shippers of Chicago will cherish n proper resentment and {mprove overy opportunity now and in tho futuro to rotaliate. If the Enstern roads porsist in thelr rofusal to act fairly in this matter, it will only bo another evidencs that they aro disposed to discriminate ngainst the interests of Ohicago, and tho timo and oc- caslonwill como when thoy may bo punished for it, —— Col. Marrnews, who, as United Btates Tievenuo Buporvisor of tho Iinols District, hind somo experienco with the advantages of a conspirnoy act for ihe protestion of the Govornment against officlal plunderers, has improved his prosent opportunitios as o mombor of the Ilinols Leglslature to intro. ducon bill for nsimilar law fu thia Htate, His bill provides that when two or moro porsons conspire fo commit auvy offense ogainat tho State, or any county, city, vil- lage, town, or township, or any county, city, or town in any wman- ner, and one or more of suct porties do any not to effecct tho objoct of such cone spiracy, then all tho parties shall be lisble to & penalty of not less than %100 nor more than 85,000, and to be fmprisoned inthe Penitentlary for suy poriod not cx- ceoding two years, 1iad there been such a law whon the plunderers of this conuty wero exposed aud indictod, it is likely that their conviction and punishment would have been secured, The public is certainly entitled to prolection agamat couspiracies as much ns privato individuals, and such a law would be uspecally useful, bacause nearly all cases of publio peculation take the shapeof a con- spiracy or ring, it gencrally befug necessary to have tho co.operation of ofliclals aud out. siders, 'Thix bill ought to becomo o law, ‘The Washington corraspondent of the fire- eatiug Cincinnati Knguirer isall tore-up fu Liis wind by the thickening plots and counter plots which he claims to seo around hiwm. 1l aserty iu the most positive manner that it Gov. Haxesis finally declaved President, a greot Southern party will spring up to sup- port bis Administration, und thers will be no longer a **Bolid South” nt the coutrol of Towmany Hall to combat the Republicans. He insists that thero are *‘ mauy slaky Dem. ocrats from the South " who stand ready to handle the oflicial patronage that will fall to tho lot of the South, and turn in and sup. port Havzs' Admuistration. The effect of this would ba to abolish the color-line, and lisbaud the rifie-clubs, and stop the bulldoz- {og of the colored voters. ‘Fhose white wen wlo were mostly old Whigs and Dova- a8 Democrats would be bucked up by the mass of the Dblacks, and would find themselves fu a majority in mavy of the Southern States very soou, with the coutrol of the State Governments and the locul pateonage, in uddition to tho fat thiogs dofraud’ that Uncle Hares might have at his disposal, The Enguirer man is seared at this outlook, nnd beats his gong aad fires off his gun to give the alarm to the Demoecracy. Ho says that if Haves gots in thero will be no extra session of Congress called; that during the long recess the distribution of Southern pat- ronage will progress, and enough conserva. tive mombers will act with the Repnblicans next winter fo enabla the Republicans to se- curo the organization of the House, Ie says tho tempter has alrendy whispered in many Southern ears, and that the work of de- moralization has begun. We have no spacifie information on the subject, and publish elsc. whero what he says for what it is worth, ad- mitting nothing and denying nothing. ——— Some of tha Sonthern papers are ablo to seo through tho partisan fog which envel- oped the politicians of their party of late. They havo also tho manlinesa to coufess that their party in Congress is advocating a wrong principle, and stultifying itself in tho most shocking manner. The Richmond (Va.) State says in régard therato: Florida voted for HayEs—snch tha judgment of the Commietlon. Until the fult argument and do- cieion reach us, we need not Jumnp to the concine tion that the decision Is wiong, with or without intentlon, or that it precindes the chance that Mr, TiLnex will have justice done to him. The fact 1s, our people nre unwisely fevered about the whole wmatter, and apt to forget In thelr momentary pas. sion the principles we have maintained fora cen- tary. A State 1a o State; Lut oar people are apt to oy {L must cease to bo ro that TiLpeN bo scated. 1t cannot be too often and oo atrongly urged that we bave the highest possible tribunaiof inquiry and_ determination, Let us awalt patiently it final declslon, and nccept with equanimity the re- aults declared. The great victory of peace and legal form fs slready galned,—na yictory whoee good consequences are Infinite, and not to be measured by tho elde of sny parly questlon or In« dividual queation, The Raleigh (N. C.) Observer is suother Bouthern paper which does not rant and rave, and utter incendiary, partisan appeals to break up the Commission and disregard its decision. It says: It is troo that the Inauguration of Mr. Nares will be a triumph of villainy withont a parallel in thia country: but It does not follow therefram that the Electoral Commissfon la corrupt In refusing tocxposs It. They are sworn to decido according to the law, and having #0 sworn, when thoy shall declde, even if it be agalnet us, wodo not intend to Impogn thelr motives, If, In thelr opinlon, they have no right to go back of tha certificates of the Electoral College, wo shall not charge them with being perjurers for having done o, The Atlantn, (Ga.) Conatitutionalist takes this jovial view of tho decision of the Arbi. tration Tribunal in the caso of Florida: ‘What the country nceds fs more {mmigration, more rallroads, tnore honest men, and two more Democrats on the Natlonal Returning Bonrd. Florlda has heen wiped off tho political blackboard., Well, hang It all! Florida fsn't much of & Etate anyhotw—at least the . carpet-bag part of It, The Democrats on the Urand Commiesion may well cx- claim, in the languoga of the little orphan girl in one of Wonnswontn's poema: **Kind mir, we aro but seven!" Now, contrasf the foregoing extrncts with the wild, frantic ravings of o Democratio paper in Cincinnati, which insists on break- ing up tho Commission lest it may fail to count in the man who tried but failed to get into the Presidential chair by bribery : The Democrals who hold scats in the Tribnnal should refraln from furthor participatlon, and the lousa of Represcntatives should refusa to ace qulesce In Its decislons. Tho House should refuso to recognlzo Mr. liaves 8s President aftor tho Commiselon has proclalmed Jts partlsan finding, and shiould placo every obstaclo in its power In the way of the conspirators, Democrats everywhero should weite and telegraph tholr mombers to realst 10 the end the scts of this unjust and uplawfnl Commissfon. The policy of delay should be In- angorated, It fa the right and the duty of the Nouse ta break up the Tribunal orto dofeat ita verdict, Two {hings shonld Immedistely bo done, [Every Derocrat on the Commission should imme- ditacly resign, and no longer be & party to the farco and the fraud; and the House of Repro- scntatives, by overy lawful method and device, ehould prevent the renderlng of tho verdict of a Jury that spurns the Constitution and the laws and will not look at the facts, Break It up, Stop its verdict, COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACAIN. The debate in the Jllinois Legislaturs upon tho subject of compulsory education and all tho action thus far taken have sssumed & clearly partisan aspect, the Republicans favoring it and the Domocrats opposing it. Torgo to the bottom of the matter, each side is actuated by n double motive, although but one motive is openly avowed on esch side. Upon the one side, tho avowed motive in supporting compulsory education is to dis- pel popular ignorance and elevate the people to a higher standard of morality, virtue, and intellectnality ; to strengthon the hand of the worker and the bram of the thinker; to fit men and wowen for tho serious and ro- sponsible duties of lifo; to make them healthier, happler, wiser, and better ; and to provido them with the means of taking care of themselves and protocting thomselves in tho conflicta of life. Tho Republicans rec. ognizo the great fundamental (ruth, which {8 as spparent as an axlom, that in. a country where universal suffrage provalls universal eoducation is an ab. soluto necoasity, and that oll ignorant countries are at tho mercy of demagogues and corrupt, dishouest men, who aro tha better enabled to carry out their dishonest achesnos becauso their dupes and tools in tho darkness of tholr iguorance cannot seo whither they are led. Recogniziug these inovitable truths, the Republicans are {n favor of forcing into tho schools those who are kept ont and robbed of their right to lavo an cducation by their parents or guar dians, On tho other hand, the leadora of the Do mocracy, whose sympathies always run with the eriminal classos oud with demagogism in oll its forus, oppose compulsory ednca- tion on the ground that it {8 o violation of natural rights, Thelr position‘ls that the right of the parent to rob the child of an oducation, and the means of advancement in 4be world, Is more jmportunt then the right of tho child to be edueated. Their posi- tion i eveu wora extended than this, for be. low their apposition to corpulsory education is n strovg undercurrent of bitter prejudico ngainst all schools that furnish universal education. ‘They do not want thelr dupes educated at all, for ‘the moment that tho wasses begin to road and write, to think and act for themselves, that moment they eman. cipate thewmselves from tho caontrol of these seltish and corrupt deinngogues, 'These are the openly-avowed motives, but there are partisan motives also not publicly known, but lying so near the surface, uever- theless, that they can bo plainly seen. The Republican party-lenders knpw well enough that (he woro the people arc educated so that they can form corveot views of the wportance nnd digaity of office, of tho req- ulsites and rewponsibilities of officeholders, of the rights and interests of taxpayers, and of the couditions of national prosperity, tho more they fall into this Republican ranksand elect Republicans to office. The great wujority of sober, intelligent, think. jug men in (his country bhave grav. itated into the Republican camp be. cause they aro attracted by ity prin. ciplos, which are in cousonanga with the esperionco aud drift of thought of intelli. Presidentinl Electors, gent and educated people. On the other side, tho Demoeratic lenders sco that the moro ignorant and vicious the masses be- come, the stronger is their hold upon them. They stick to tho party, right or wrong, with reason or without reason, and aro con. trolled like cattle. If the Democeratic party commits an outrage and it is bronght to the surface, intelligont men will condemn it; but the fgnorant who are not eapable of renson- ing upon it, or too vicious or besotted, even i they comprehend it, to be infinenced by it, stick to the party, by virino of their viclousness, stolidity, and illiteracy. The very foundation of Democtacy in this conn- try reats npon the hopeless iguorance of the masses of the party, Tho illiternte, besotted, stupid, stolid white trash of tho South, sunk even below the level of the nogro in intelligenco, have been the unwavering supporters of the Democracy. ‘They are onsily projudiced, and can be lied to and im- posed upon with the most perfect ease. Out of this same class grow the Copperhead party of the North, A remark of o Demo- crat during the legislative debate clearly illustratos the Democratio position. He would not borrow anything from the despot- ism of Gormany, but e was wiiling to copy from Spain. In other words, he would not have tho schiolarly attainmont, the sclentific education, the profound thought, and the litorary culturo of Germaany, which lave made that Empira the strongest power in Europe, and to-day protect it ngainst all the plotting and sehoming of the warlike nations around it; but he would have the bigotry, the ignorance, aud the superstition which have combined to make Spain the wenkest, luwest, and worst guverned natfon in Europe,—n natlon controlled by demagogues nnd ngitated by almost constant revolutions, ‘When the Democratic leadors censo to have on illiterato rabble for thelr constituency they will havo no further nso for a party. To perpetuato {lliteracy, ns tha sourco of their power, is the object of the Democratio demogogues in the Legislature in opposing compulsory cducation, DEMOCRATIC BAD FAITH. Thoe Houso of Representatives on Wodnes- day made & most melnnchioly and humiliating exhibition. The entiro day was consumed in debating a resolution declaring that the State of Florida hnd clocted four Democratic Oa the day provious tho vote of Florida, under the decision of tho Arbitration Tribuual, had beon counted ond rocorded for Haves. In tho faco of this recoril tho Houso gravely debated this ques tion, and then solemnly voted that tho Eloct- oral vote of Florida had Leon given by tho poople to TiLpen! Was thero over a more solemn farco ennoted by a legislative body? | The Ifouse of Represontatives had but two weeks boforo framed tho Arbitration law, which recognized that the question of count- ing the Eleotoral votes of Florida, Loulsiana, and Oregon was one of legal doubt; that on that question the two Houses wore irre- concilably opposed; and that the questions of law and fact should bo reforred to tho Arbitration Court, whose decision ghonld stand as tho decision of the two Houses, unless they should otherwise decide. Here was the solemn declaration and agroement by the Houso of Ropresonta~ tives that tho decision of tho Court should stand as the judgment of tha two Houses, and on Wednesdny, after that decision had been medo, and the vote of the State re- corded, the Iouse wasted nn entire dny do- claring that the State had voted for Tiozy, Tho whola procoeding was an exhibition of bad faith, and was utterly disgraceful to thoss who voted for ench o scandalous reso- lution. ‘Tho resolution was, morcover, untrue in every scose. Tho wholo majority claimed for 'TrLpex in the Htate was 90, and this was upon tho face of all the returns sent in, In one county the wholo election was an or. gonized fraudj every requiroment of the Inw waa disregarded, and tho oficers!of the eloction woro not oven sworn, nor wero they tho logally appointed officers. In another county a train of persons from Georgin lnid over at ono of the procincts to enable the passengers to voty for Tiupey, and there woro other roturns falso and ilegal on their faco. The Canvassing Bonrd did not at- tempt to inquire into intimidations; they mercly rejocted a fow of the most glaring and self-evident frauds, aud tho result gave Havza over 000 majority. Ilad the Arbitra. tion Court gone behind the returns, wo have no question but thoy wonld have doclared that the State had voted for IIaves bya much larger majority than was awarded to him by the Canvassing Board. Under theso cirounatances tho nctlon of tho House of Represontatives was grossly unjust and rep- ruhensible, ‘Tho political compliention recoived n now impulso yesterday; the pnrty of “violence and {utimidation furnished n new chaptor in its infamons Listory by the attemptod assas- sinatlon of tho Governor of Louisiana, Tho asanssination of Prosident Lincory twelve years sgo startled the civilized world not only hecauso of the deep atracity of thecrime, Dbut Lecauso it was so foroign to the charace ter, edncation, and institutions of the Amer. iean peoplo. Though that crime followed a long and destructivo civil war, the American people have always rejoiced in tho helief that outside of tho half-lozen participants tho nesnseination was regarded with horror Ly all men cf ‘all sections and of all partios. Tt has been supposed that tho nssassination of Mr. LixcotN was to pasa into history ns the solitary instance of that claas of crime for politicul causes, no mau daring to incur for his namu the execrations of a nation Ly repeating such an act. A But the spleit of asagssination has existed in Lonlsiaua ot all times. Human lifo is rated ot o low value. ‘Tho standard of cour- sge, mouliness, aud respect for the life of others has elways been lower than elsewhera in the country,. ‘The population—that is, the superior raco—has never sbared the pe« culiarities of tho American people, It has Awcricanized less than that of any other Btate. ‘Fhe population partakes more of the Mexicau or Cuban choracler; it is largely wixod, the mized French and Afriean abe sorbing and overpowering the comparatively small proportion of other blood in the State, ‘Tho result hay been to keep Loulsiana total. Jy distinet, fu poiut of vative peculiarities, from the people of other Btates, During the last yoar this spirit of coutempt for human life, the cowardly and brutal outrages upon weak and delenyeless negraes, the wmurders, beativgs, and Lavgings of even wowen and children, have marked tho strong contrast be- tween the civilization of that State and that of tho country generally. Thosa procecd. ings, embracing every form of lawless vio- leuce, lave gome uuchallenged by public opiniou in Touisiana ; no coust. has dared to take cogulzauce of any of these crimes. In this case the sctual criminal who sttempted this assagsination of Gov. Pacwaxp is aNorth. ern man, but there can be no question that the nct was inspired by the public opinion cultivated among the White-Liners. This poor fool was used by thom. They indoetri. nated him with thelr spirit—that the murder of a political adversary was an honorable nct o be npheld and glorifled, end not to be treated as a valgar erime. The lifo of Pacx. Anv has been threatened repeatedly, but vio. lonce hns boen suspended until the decision on the clection wna announced at Washing. ton. This zenlous Northerner fell fnto the hands of these chivalrous cutthroats, and ho attempted that which he had beon told wns to mnke him n horo in Louisiana, and a de- liverer of the down-trodden and opprossed White-Linors of that Btate, . That s attempt was ot stecessful is dne more to naceident than to any lack of purpose or want of popular approval on the part of the law. less, cowardly organization whose murders and outrnges during the last year have shocked all civilized poople, — GOBBLE, GOBBLE, GOBBLE! “The Houschold English Dictionary” fa an obseuro lttle book published in England, wa beliove, but it has been of signal service to tho people of tha United States in expos. ing n conspiracy which invelves the in- togrity of a man socking tha office of Chief Magistrate, It was tho ook used on o prearranged system for the cipher communi. cation thot poassed Dbetween the Oragon Lranch of tho couspiracy, represented by Pareier nnd Kprwy, and Mr, Tiipey and his ngents in Now York. Iad it not been for tha fact that Pataiox had mado a similar uso of the sama book in previons business trancaotions, thodispatehes of (he conspirncy would liave remained a sealed Look to the world, and it would never have Leen known how deliberato, systematic, and datermined the effort was to secure “tho vols of Oregon by bribery. 'The first dis- patch which was translated with the afd of the koy wns signed **Gobble,” and the dispatches that have sinco boon published show tho sobriquet to have bLeen woll chosen, The design was to ** gobble™ an Electoral voto in Oregon in such manner ns to nocessitate its being counted, and the conspiracy only failed on nccuunt.of the natural distrust which' the rascals had for ono another. Tho chiof point of intcrest rovenled by the Inter dispatchies is that it was a part of the programme to securo the co-operation of one of the Republican Electors, who, by recog- nizing and ncting with Crowty, wonld have controlled o majority of the Electoral Col- lego, and given the CroNiN voto & prima Jucie ovidence of legality which it would have been ' dificult to invalidate. Tho thought was n slirewd ono, aud eminontly worthy of Samuzy J, 'L1LpEy, who, there is now littla doubt, concelved it, That this part of tho scheme falled may be ow- ing to tho discovery on tho part of tho conspirators that they could not bribe omo of the two Republican Elgctors, or it may have beon bacause Tirpex refased to ndvance tho necesanry funds fora long time, oxcept conditionally. One of tho dispatches to Peuron from Parnicx sud Keruy stated that 310,000 would bo neces- sary to * purcliage a Ropublican Elector to recognizo and sct with Domocrat, and socura vote, and provent trotible.” ‘This dispatch was dated Nov. 28, 'Tho noxt day, Nov, 20, s dispatch from Now York in reply stated: “If you moko obligation contingent on re- sult fu Marchit can be done.” This dis- patch waa unsigned, bat thore are many ovi- dences that it was sont by Trpen himself, 1f Pertow had sont it, le would have signed it as ho had previously signed othors, Tho suggestion of the * contingency," too, is very like Tipey, ns he didn't want to the - noney unless hie was suro ko would got the bonefit of the villainy, Tho doy following, Nov. 80, the reply camo from Orogon: * Must ralse the money ; can’t make the fea contingent,” but the amount wns reduced from 10,000 to £8,000,~35,000 for the Ropublican Eleotor and £1,000 for other expenses. Btill Tioey lLesitated about payiug out the mouey with. out an nssurance that the bogus vote would be counted and clect him President,—nan ns- suranco he could not have before the day of inaupuration. Ho thoreforo suggested an effort to got tho Legislaturo together to chooso an Elcctor in Warrs' placo,—the Leglslature being Democratic. But thero was not timo for this, and the Oregon con. spirators would not trust Tiroey till the 4th of March, nor take the chances on the suc. ccss of the schame, Finally, the §8,000 was doposited. The Itopublican Elector was not securod, but tho £8,000 was used up all the same, CroNIN recelving §83,000 as his sharo aud the balance being employed in *ex. ponsen.” The Governor was * all right with. out reward,” as dne of the dispatches said, If thero is any decency left in the Demo. eratio parly, wo should think it would rovolt at furthor persistonce in endenvoring to place Mr. Truoex in the chief offico of tho nation after this disgraceful exposure, It was sald that the Ropublican press treated Mr, Tie. DEN too barshly during tho campaign, but wo can racall 1o chiargo nor charactorization during the canvass whick does justico to TiLoeN's part in thls Oregon affafr. While BIr. I1uoex’s railroad oporations and income. tax falsificntions induced tho Republicans to denounce bim as an unfit person to placo in tho Presldontial chalr, wo think nono of hia opponents would have nccused him as capablo of selziug tho office by bribary and purchaso, Chat Lo was willing to do so, that he made n bold and determined effort to accomplish it, that he advanced the money which ho thought would secure it, Is now certain from the dispatches which passed betwoen Now York aud Oregon. He approved tho purchaso of a Republican Elector and furnished tho money for that purpose, aud it was through no fault of his, and through no lack of willinguess to use corrupt means, that the schemna failed. Thia exposure comes in tho light of o national disgrace infinitely mora damaging than the Beruwnar corruption, and it will be cited in all countries as an evidence that American pelitics is 50 permeated with corruption that not even tho oftice of President is exompt from {he genmersl barter and sale. The country can scarcely afford to confirm this iwpression by seativg the man who is re. sponsible for creating it. Moxrcour, , the editor of the Union, #ays 1hat ho bigw not the least hupe of the Demo: eruta beingole tu preveut the Commiwion from deciding in furor of Haves in the Loujslsua a Uregon coses. In hils opinion, Jud;"u;\-ua Da cwould heve acted and ‘voted precifely 8s Jud, BuapLky hag done, and that the 1llinols Democt wha expect Judge Davia to vote with the Demacr, in the renate wiil find themeclves *taold. Mr. BLam s completely demoralized, sud glves the whole case up.~ Hushington dispatch, The oplnion expressed by MoxTaOMERY BLAln in regard to Judge Davis, were he acting on the Comunlssion, Is very probubly correct, 1t would be difficult to conceive that be would bave voted 10 go bebind the regular returns and formal caus vass of the proper State officlals. fu sll lkell- tood Judize DAvis woutd hiave felt coustralued to respect and uphold the rights of the States 10 appolut the Electors ncvording to thelr own laws. It Is hardly reasonable to supposs that he would have given any countenance to the as- sumption that Congress can usurp the rights of the States and make a set of Elcctors from any State in order to secura the election of any contesting candidate for the Presidency, The course of Judge CLirFoRn hos been & matter of profound surprise; but it is belleved by many that If hewerethe * halance-of-power Judgeon the Commission he would feel con- strained to vote Just as Judge BRADLEY has done, *'The responsibility has not been thrawn upon CLIFFORD as It has upon BrioLey, and he has drifted with the Democratic members of the Tribunal. As to Judgoe FIEZLD wo shall say nothing. s party fecling Is too strong to pers mit him to sce clearly. When the whole matter 15 dispused of, aud ITaves declared President, as Brar belleves he wiil be, the Democrats will fecl thankful to Judge Branrer for standing firmly by tho constitutionsl rights of the States to choose Presldentlal Electors. Of nll menIn theworld, the Democrats are the last that should have struck at the rizhts of tho States, even for the sake of a party trlumpl, which at most could only be temporary, while the precedent that would be made might be fatal to the future peace and welfare of tho Republie. Nothing lilinds men so much as the madness of partlsan furor. ——— Gronrae Fraxcis Trav i8 belleved by many to be crazy, but ho rezards himsclf as tho most sane man In the world. He fs publishing s newspaper which ho lssucs—oceasionally. No, 8 appears without date or locality, merely bear- ing the inseription, **The Universe, P: Bi 47" e pltches into Grant, 11AYEs, TILDEN, every- body. Here is a specimont ‘The greater the fraud the grenter sometimes Is the victory, With an organized partly and a Solld Bouth back of him, helada long atart, but this country \ants no more I'wzEp, no matter how It hates Unaxr, Itepublicanism 1s bad enough, but Denocracy Is worse, o 2 . » As to TILDEN'S alleged incomé fraud @ Lawycra are lcensed tolle. Stop that privilege and they would all shut up abop, Tho real feand consiata in representing himeclf a mittionaire. Ilis nlleged great wealth wan the base of tho campalgn awindle, Puschaslng the Gramercy Park mansion wad part of the scheme, He tried ihe same buchu dodya at Albany, bui japonicadom calied him & parvenue, and “tiohady opencd thetr doors. ¥l Gnbernatarial 1ifa hos been that of a pauper at the tnanor-lauses of the patroon aristocracy. He no donbt ade some thonssnds in rallway wrecking, but “even plrates mever got _rich at tho busincas, Tho vory chair ie 3its in at his pamsilel recephons wa paid for Itke Mra, 1L, W, B, ' falsc tocth, by tho statuto of limitatione! That Lobanon pill-factory wwas o yawnlng rat-hole for nbnrhm5 money, He sayd himeelf he dropped a fow hundred thousand in'a raliway therd to keep hid brother from slnk- fig! Tho grand ke 19 that thosa barrels of mon- ey that bought the St. Louls delegatos were only 1. 0. U.'s, payable when President. e t—— . The Cincinnat! Enguirer (firc-cater) thinks #The Democratie roosters look as though thoy needed a Mitle bluc-glass treatment.” Uen. P'LEASONTON'S mazarine violet rays are sald to make sick canary-birds sing, but it is hardly poss sible that it could make the Democratle cliane ticleers crow, ————— PERSONAL. Over 30,000 persons viewed the remalns of John 0'Mahonoy in the srmory of the Slxty-ninth Tegle ment, New York. Preparations bave been made ta receve and fnter tho body In Dublin, A benefit was given to Edwin Adams, the once- favorlte nctor, at the Callfornia Theatre laat Mon- daynight. ‘The recolpty uggregated more than 5;.!.700. Mr, Adaws la slowly dylug af consumpe tlon. At the consecratlon of Trinity Church In Doston, Edward Everott Ilale, Jamos Freoman Clarke, Nufus Ellle, and other Unitarlen cleryymen, re- colved tho communion from the hands of the Eplecopa! Dishop. Fashlonable amusemonts In South Carolina ara masked balls, the pracecds of which, after thepay- ment of expenses, arc dovoted (o the support of the Ilampton (loverninent, which may thns ba sald to ‘ba standing on the tiptoe of expectation. Tho new Code of Indlana will probably contaln s provislon that **dancing by females in tights™ may be probibited by Common Councils. The ciTect of this, It vigorously cnforced, would be to put a stop to sll public dancing whatover, ‘Thera Is now nuo qucstion that Mr, James Qordon Dennett, accompanied by s wister and 3r. How- Jand Robbins, crossed overto England on the lnst trlp of tho City of Richmond, At that time ho #th) boro tho marks of the punishment lie had ro- celved from May, Martin Farquhar Tapper bellevea that one of hls dntghters writea hetter poetry than Toonyson. A New York anthority says that anothor of Alr, Tup. per's dangliters **ls n gracoful wrlter of yonng folke' stories, snd an Industrious translator from the Swedish," There will bo & story by this Miss Tupper 1n the forthcoming number of 8¢, Nickolas, Tho Emperor Wililum 13 to viuit Btrashurg and Metz In dlay or June, the Crown Prince being like. 1y to accompany him. Prince Frederick Willlam, the eldest son of tho latter, has passed with credit the final examination at Caseel, and will proceed to examiuation at Donn University, but will dret serve some tine o the First ILegimest of tho Guards, ‘The War Victims' Fond establlshed by the Bociety of Friendain London for the rellef of the non- combuatant sufferers in Eastern Europe smounted to nearly £0,000 up to the close of 16706, Some of the Filcnda In thls country have become {ntorested in the couse, and subscriptions are sollcited for the fund. Money may by sunt in care of Barclay & Co,, Lombord strect. “T'he proposition to turn a portion of Central Park in New York Into & parade ground for the Na- tlonal Guard is up again at Atbany, It meets with #irong opposition from the Infuential newspaners, ‘Theru e a reasonablo feeting that {f onco the pleas- wre-ground of the veople 18 encroached npon for £ny purpose whatever It will boforo Jong pass en- tirely futo the hands of the Phillstines, The Detrolt Fost, notleing that Lord Sallebury s to be wade a Duke for having 8o completely bun- gled the Turklah Confercnce, calla tomind the old #tory of Jobn Paul Jones. When he heard that the Captain of tha Borapls had been IKnighted, after being whipped by the Bon lHomme Richard, he sarcastically remarked that If the new Knight would come cut saln with suother shilp be would roon bea Lord, Miss Emille Schaumberg, of Philadelphla, 1s the American bulle In Parls at present. Mry, Hooper, who is bleaved with o falr allowance of enthuslasm even for her generous nature, says the young lady was the most beautiful wonian at Prosident MacMa. hon’s ball. A grand dinner was given In her honor by o realdent of the American colony, Thirty fuests were prosent, and Mre, Hooper npever saw tho Mk In Parls before, 'Tho anle of the work of Diaz, the Parlslan artlst 1ately deccased, lasted six days. The prices ob- talued wero alnost fabulous. Al the great palute or's works—pictures, sketclies, studies. drawinge, and some mere pencll notea for futurs performe uuces—were divposed of, aud also hls urt collection, fucluding paintings by Carot, D snd othery, a number of bronzes, tapestries, and antlqs ‘Tho essence of the last' successful play—**The letman the Parls Odeun fa contalned In the followlog line Lhaveliveds l haveloved: I have sung: And iy e was s daace, ud | cured nut for France, on eired to by Freack, o { folt I was youns. Tnave iived: 1haveloved: | havesuog. E have lived: 1 have sufferod: I hatet AT T T S Itie aqaestion In England whether the Rev, Canon Liddon and the Rev, Malcolm MacCall oid, 4 they allege, sco sn unfortunate Christlsn lm. paled by savaye Turks, or fmogine thst they saw thedued, Both are High Churchmen, (‘snon Lid- don s a vu,flpuhr preachier, aud frequeuntly preachics seru un bour aud & haltlong; ke ought 1o know what cruelty is when he sees it, and basno need 1o exercise bls imagluation for exam- ples. Loth clergymen bave bevn bLard pressed, however, to sulhenticato this fact of which they 83y they were eye-witnesscs. A curlous murder trial bas just been brought toa conclusion a1 Hudson, N. Y, The evidence vhowed thal the killing was done by a man uamed Kiere, yet bls wife, who was standing by when the shot waa fired. swore that she was guilty ond her buse band Innocent; be corroborated her testimony, The Jury swept awsy thelr perjury, and, crediting the more material statements of bystanders, seatenced the man to tmprisonment for life. aud scquitted tbe woman. In sentenclug Kiere, ihe Judge ssld: ** Your wife, who was fodictvd with you, hs, by ber conduct and her evidence, exhibltcd an amouny of sfiection for you which biss beon tue wonder, us it bas exclied tho admiration, of tuls whole com- munity, Thatsbe should b willing o sacrifce berself elther from her own valition oz st your sug- peation and vutseaty, o spate your lfs, 10 save 1ikas, or play wmarbles, or write letters, all, he must attend religlous service entirely withoat ritual, unless he chio of Chicago—~minds his own busl you from Incarceration in a felon‘s cell, by taking upon herself tha whole responaibllity of this crime snd exonerating you from all farnishes an evidence of wos votlon seldom If erer witnesssed before. Aswe ¢antemplate 1t we can aimost forgive her for dclib. orately swearing to an untrath in order to cany out this object and purpose, The story was too unreasonable and mprobable to be credited by hon. ent and intelligent men,*" The London Globe nays that single coples of English newspapers very raroly reach any of the 5,000 Englishmen In Russia to whom they ate ad. drossed. They stick at the Censor OfMeo, and are elthee nold for wasto paper by *the clerka or nsed for clgarette all, he porters, Every Novem.: ter & catalogue le lssued by the Postmaster of the dlstrict—tha Consor's confidant—of the papers ad. mitted into the country, You select and scnd the moaney to the Postmaster, The Zimes alone of Eoglish dalttex Is regnlarly delivarcd. The Daily News was not (1 this year allowed admission, and tho Datly Telegraph 1 still denled, except a singlo copy for tho Czaroviteh. All tho paperd andscriats are lisble to reach you more or less mutilated, . ZTrunch I8 5o exceptionally maltreated nato bo fre- quently sent in letters, = The Inwsule of the helrs of the late Count de Montalembert againat Father Hyncinthe {a present. ly coming totrial in a Pars court, The nction concerns the publicatlon of & posthumons article by Montalembert, fotrusted by him to Jiyacintbe, the object of whichi was to show that Spain's de- clino dated from the establishment of personal government and the Inquismition. ‘The article closed with a denunclation of the tendency of the Romish Church and the strategy of the Jesultans shown in that hapless country. The helrs sssert that Montalembert, falling out with Hyacinthe after the apostacy of the latter, witlilrew the au- thority for the porthumons publication of the article, Whatover tho fssuc of the trial may be, the controverar has aufiiclently lnforined the warld what Montalembert's views on the subject were, Mr. Tooth, the contumaclous English rector, does not have a fine time of being a martyr. Since hisoffense fs s0 ncrious a thing " ue contempt of Court,—not a teivial affair, ke the sttempt ot tapa chacged upon Col, Valentine Bakor, —he ¢an look for no special indulgences. Ife Isplaced on ex- actly the same footing with all other prisonces for contempt,-~whetlier thoy are Imprisoned for non. payment of taxed or loan soclety debts, or for neg. lecting to send childeen to achool, o for non-pay- ment of sustenance for lllegitimate childrea, Mo cannot supply his own food, or change the furni. ture of his cell: but he mny smoke as much as he Worst of hich nre o regls. ter hiniself as not & momber of the Church of En- gland. Many of the Easlern newspapeta are favoring their readers with sketclics .of Prof, A, M. Dell, | **tha Inventor of the telepliono, " Meanwhile, the roal {nventar of the telephanc—Mer, Rlisha Gray, 9, and apparent Iy concerns himselt not at all abont the #purlow * clatms of Prof, Bell, Porsous acqualnted with the subject need not ho informed that Mr. Gray' clalma are incontrovertible, Bclence:long alno recognized them. Thoy were cstablished fn the colntans of Tuz: TRIDUNR yoars ago, before Prof, , Bell wan so mnch as heard of. They are ofticlally epproved in the Patent Oflice at Washington, and they have nlready brought In large returns in money as wellss In reputation to tho Inventor. - ‘Talking by telegraph and othier sport of that de- ecription M, (ray has not pald much attention to . 9 yet, Lecaueo there Is no present indieatlon In it of ‘anything more than eport; but the principles fuvolved In It were dlacassed by bim, and Liave all been used by bim In & practicol manner, e SHORT-HORNS. A Stock-Rreeders’ and Farmcers' Conven- tion at West Liberty, In. Speclal curretpondence of The Tridune, ‘Wisr Lineary, In., Feb, 14.—This I the cen- tro of tho Short-Hourn Interest of Tows. Mrs, Kimberly's lLerd, which has a natlonal reputa. tion, 18 here. The “ Wapafe " berd, owned by 8, W, Jacobs; the “ Unlon-Valiey " herd, owned by Mrs, Kimberly; the “Maple-THN'" herd,, owned by Ueorge Chase; the * Plum-Grove" herd, owned by R Miller; the “Orchiard-Farm hierd, owned by C. 8. Barclay; and the * Sunny- Bide " herd, owned by P. Nichols, are all located here, and seem to Le doing well, There wero present at tho Conventlon, in addition to local breeders, Joseph Seott, of Parls, Ky.; Joln Bond, of Abfogdon, 1L ; Verry Aldrich, of Tir kilwa; and a very largo number of other prow, inent Short-Horn breeders from the Northwest, The Couventlon assembled at Liverty Hall, Feb. 13, and was called to order Ly Mr P, Nichols; when C. B, Parks, of Gieen County, was chosen Chalrman, and Alexander Charles, of West Literty, acted as Secretary. Drof. Knapp, of tho Iatern Stock Journal, opencd the Convention with au sddress upon * lowa us an Agricultural and 8tock-Nulsing State.” The Professor thought that sgriculture wus more profitable In Iowa than In some ‘ot her slster States, becuutso the farmeras had bought thelr land at a fow rate, and it had enhanced in value. I did not see how that fact made the crops grow any better than they ao in Illinols, The second proposition was that the peoplo In this State are n thrifty and saving class. He also stated o fact upon which we all agree, and that fs this: # It does not Jepend so muc upon how much we mako as how wuch we save.” e yummed up the losses of the farmers of Jowa ns follows! Losses Ly ralsing poor stock; by poor feeding; by payinz too much rurmu-b(ncr!; by living tvo hlgh, and spendiuz too much ut Ehe grocerics, Mr. Nicholls, who had lived ju Iowa for tweuty years, wasn po-aliead farmer, and did not want to tarm unlesa he conld nke money out of hired help; for ho waa satisfied that, If he could not make hired Ilzlli pay, he could not, muke his own work pay, He hus made mony out of ralsing horses, cattle, aud hogs, 11[s caf- tle aud hogs mude slx pounds of beef and pork: during the winter frut one bushel of corn. Mr, N.Churlcs was opposed to reapers, I'lu\u, and hurrows being exposed to thc trials of & winter upon an vpen pralrie without shelter, us the custom tonded to make the tuols ufu of rust and prematuro old age, und wos os fatal to plows as cholera was to |o¥l. rol. Knapp did not bellevo it patd to feed steers In the winter corn, unless followed by hogs, as the money was |u the hogs, and not in the corn, Oue bushel of meal ty, accordlug to his theory, worth two Lushels of corn, Mr, Elflot stated that cach pound of beel made from corn duriug winter conts 1o cents per pound. Rather n startling statement to thus of us who huve made becf at half the cost. Mr. McCuue bus fed steers thirty years, snd has always made wmoney, Does not go wuch on feeding weal, ‘The afternoon was taken up with a dlscussion on tho pruiits of genersl sgriculture fu Iows, which brought out facts ns ubove, WRDNRIDAY, ‘The hall has been weil tilled all day with & more than urdlnlflly-lnlelll}:enl clasa of meny who can talk * Bhort-Horn ' Just as easlly as you cun make a uewspaper, ‘The subject discussed was ‘“Short-Horns— Thelr Value for Becl and Mik,» ‘The Impression seems to e :ululn& ground amoung the iguorsut and uncultivated that¢s Bhort-lforn “may be all right for beef, but does not Al the milk-pefl 88 well, This must be corrected, aud_tho g‘mplv must be aducated up to the fuct that o Shorts Horn canuot be beaten for clther, Soms very learned arguinents were advaticed; sud the et touslustic breeders described thelr wedge- nuns:d cows,” "light bone,” and good eyed bw bud to be mllked three times u duy, bee sides suckling s calt,—good enough for unf- body. ‘Thie beau-tdeal mlker (Short-orn) was one that you could *pick up by the nose, tapered all the way down,! Profs. Koapp and Welch enterfalned sud fo- structeq the Conveution for sn hour upon tis topte, wud thelr reiarks were well revelved. pon_one question there was not adissent!og volce, and s cumuitice was appointed to rev wmmend such jegislotive action us will extermis nate the curse tu every Bhort-Horu, and io fact ather cuttle breeders, namely: the Scrub Bulk ‘There was but one thing ap present thas coutd be done for him, and that wua to reducs bim whercyer found to 8 neuter gender, ‘The Couvention will vousider this evenlng the munsgetent sud protit of swiue, horses, v\ sbeep, T la u real pleasureto attend a_simon-pure Farmers' Couventlon, aud npever hesr d word about “extortfons of railruadsy s the frauds of middlemen,” 1] “eucroachents of capltal upon labor, * muld reenbacks,” and “u representation ln our egzleiativo halls.” This Conventlon stuck by thewr text, aud were not bulldozed by svy © the fanatics who usually wake thesclycs suc pulsances upon such occasions, No wouder that these wen wre ul) rich, own Hue farms s Lerds ot cattle, are well clad, and fare susiptd oudly every duy. God bless and prosper l“‘] men ”:l’n thelr berda jucrease aud wmultlp! uutll @ o orlauuhlnul dslh""."m bu[l‘[‘l;‘ cgase 1o be u luxury and becouse 3 neces the prayer of the PLOWLOLDAS .