Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 7, 1876, Page 9

an THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, OCLOBER 7%, 1876—~TWELVE PAGES. '=IRS. SWISSHELM. ~ gaw in a Leipzig Care he What S penter=Yard. Total Lack of Labor- Utenslts and Ma- chinery. et S essary Work to Which ‘the o Unmfiflon Xre Subjeoted. — German Double Floors as Sonnd-Deaden- ers_and Fire-Preventers, spondence af The Tribune, B oy, Bept. 10.—Nothing fn thls LE:F ‘lg‘qullfi o wonderful as its hard worl, mnflfi effort expended In {ts manufacture, wl arodivided Into threo classes: gentlemen m\;‘ldmlnu, merchonts, and * workingmen " md tiis word meana men who work. Just L «s the streot from our rooms 1s a largo yard w?‘h” rope-maker and & master-carpenter, " tablefsby 8 window, and I can look right :]’wnmto this yard without rising from my uo I solhavebeen studyingthe laborquestion. I’l"lm' men come to work at 0,—those who work by the day,—have & lalf-hour for lunch at 8, an 4 for dinner ot 12, a half-hour for lunch at 4, hn:’ uitat 7 o'clock, unless thoy have been :nd;cd Ly rain, when they worls after hours to ake up lost thie, 'Those who work for them- u;lm or by the job, come earller and staylater, 'Ihe n':pc-mnker has n boy to help, who works as fong as o dacs. They bave a little wooden bouse, 8ix by elght fect, in which they keop all thelr 'mmmmry and materlal, One turns a wheel, dnd the other takes an apron full of hewnp, walks backward and spins, ond they make cart-loads ot rope; but the carpenters in- ferest mo most, becausc 1 khew mors at home sbout Jumber and earpenter-work than hemp e-making. s w:: zl:\o slde of the yard arctho long, low shops, e centre ekt A WORR-BENCH, e cnting exactly the ground-plan of o m:: on wglch they are at work. The outsido walls arc tho width of three boards, and the middle walls one, Theso boards are lald on blocks, which are kept from running-away by stout wooden pegs driven deep into the ground on cvery slde. Their propensity for locomotlion fa still further restrained Ly having the boards they support natled, and nafled, and uailed fast to every separate block, 8o that, If one under- took o elope, it must nceds toko all the others withlt, Tomake one of these benchies requlres work. 8lx mnen spent fivo days taking up the tenelt that was here when we came, and putting down the ono theyare now toking up. This dJocs not Include the time spent in drawing-out and strafglitening nafks. . These benches are used to Iny floors on, and Dy their afd cach particular floor {s taught to lle atfll ofter it bas been put into the bullding, where 1t Is to remain until it rots, Every Jolst fn these Aoors 18 o beam, none less than twelve- by-eight inchies, and most of them more. No watter how close or far apart the partition-walls gy be, every beam on that floor s of the same widthend breadth, The atretch may be twenty fect, or only four, butthe joist is the same, On this beneh every one I8 placed just asitis to Le In the house, und all arc mortised, and ploned, and clamped together: ‘They seem to takopains to have the jolsts run in opposite dircctions, g0 that there will he plenty of wortising to do; und act on the principle that o beam will have more wclfht Tor buving two- thinds fte thicknesa cut off at one end, and the remalning 4hird stuck into & hole in another boam rutln‘ig lengthwise on n wall, than if tho cud of the tlrst bicam rested on the wall jtsclf. n Almost A Saving mua'ol TUEIN IDEA OF BECURITY Tequires that ot least ono row of jolsta shall have one end holding fust by a mortise. Then they make these wmortiscs slinllow, so that, if any wall did movo but o very few inches, the jolnt “would part. 1 was puzzled to guess why they joint the floors In this way, aud cannot make It out, “They give them 1o hold on the wallg, except that of gravity; ond this operatos as well when ‘theend'of tho Juist Jes on the wall a8 when a beam rests on [t lengthwise, having all the cuds slepetling on that wall mortised into this beant, 1t must be a contrivanes for makang wesk, and it my a great deal, for they bave no mortis- dng-machiue, no carpenter’s saws, They use vrosscut and wood “gaws, Thero Is o plano- £ fabrick " udjoining, fn which they nlso use Just such eaws o8 tho negrops had in’ ‘Wasning- ton for sawlng wood. In sawlng through a Dard, the franie of the saw {s very much in the way; but 1t adds to the work, and'this secms to Le the general object. . In muking the tenons on thefr jolsts, the men in the yurd use o cross-cut, After the Jolsts aro ali tenoned, and mortfsed,and lald,and clamped, und ploned, there are stripa nalled on the sldes; und un these the under-floor fs lald. With thelr Irame saws they cut boards into short pleces to At lu between vvery two_lolste; stralghton the wdeeaof the boards witlhi thelr batcliets; and, ploce by plece, it overy one to its place,—] nyinF theentire floor as carelully and serlously us it ere cngaged n souie useful employment. that tloor 9 Inid, they go over It and ty bit of board; then take them up, by one, and nail them fust {n racks; carry thereoff, aud put them in loose, irregular 3 and proceed to pull that heavy frawo ull ek after every pleee has heeli marked und to put them In piles, to be loaded up 'nml HAULED-OPP 70 WHERE THEY ANE WANTED, W nc:: '!.[xey bring uload of lumber Into the ":ml,l put [t down Just any where, becausu iLIs neyer wuy tronble’ to move it; and thay aever, by any aceldent, scem to unloud the heuvy tiinber close to the beneh on which it s :;lhu lnid and fitted, Luch plecs had to b car- h%'l uver, around, or across somo round logs, or h:.\pu of smalicr sticks, ‘Then thers 18 no way 0 curry §In.-m, except on the shoulder, The nhr(u‘ never Lo have heard of skids and hand- up[ fil by Which two Amerleans would hundle s st .‘ ve thines 08 leay: without a straty, and \n'}_n acelerlty that would frighten them, }wy never st to think of the waste of lum: in rulsing u welght fivo fuot wien orfe or uw:nuonld Lo suflicient; and human musclo le ll“: clieapest commodity known, 8o, two of 4 'n:lm ‘\lvll WL hard ‘to rlse tho end of a beat, III' then pluce {t on the shoulderof o thira, 10 plays trestle white they get the other end :plun thres more shoulders | The men never B{:"ur the samo length, and to sce four of them H 2ecring, stumbling, and climbing over luose upediments, m-uchflu: or stretehing to aceome mlm!nw themsclves to each other's Le ight, under ;‘cl‘l’fih }llmll wuulil crush an L’u‘uo of them If it Jul h—und cvery one looks ove: Tike é“x’ é’: lg),‘—lx nhmlt?\'q ooks overy fustant ITING AB { THAVEZE-PERFORMANC Tsomettmes fuel Wk e i flflv'-himtlllnpwnmll.’m wireaming, but no ucel- 0 thiere aro $0 b fron piilars In the house, tncznm brought here to lswo thelr measurd ntumfilnm unloaded, avd left for the mien to o mlorur. and, when thelr proportiona have e !e‘:l ly considered, a0 that wood-work nmoy o to thew, they are londed up and taken [Litcy bring dozens of ! round sticks from eight, ':‘,“P““ lung, and from twelve to l:lgh‘lzeolyl‘ b “1 ailima, aud cut thew {nto longths with a adzes; byt lflmu»ot than. thoy square with ndh it the :moat -ara simply beveled nt ouo Wia timber {s bray, zht to the men; and md'i'r'f’"-""' )] and_ shouldoring, and vegt g, aud urunghnz. tha poor fellows do ey Bek thiree sticiis ready for a derrick, e hy“w;nk fast, and wll{nmly too, Friday Taln o 4l)xr thle climate, Thero had heen no i) nrnl plx weeks, and two wnen had been In Inlnch. .fl\{:{kl‘n’nz l:nrd from 6 a. m. until 10 m,, fi:’lhu:fl;‘x‘umly, whduln Jha mastor ¢ame 7 rections. ':;liyallhnl.r 53w, und went and mov’filmyn J&'Sf m:.n‘rl of Loards. That [s a good many wel 31- the horses ara large, strong, aud Sl na torhune vountry level, the roads roml'w 1 4 e help them up every fucline, This i) m‘: 0 tho way, of course, und thess two ey n m-nt atit, oue at each side, lifted Ity When the unl, ond threw it to ono sider and gy mc_ finished, tho heap was all criss-cross, slle '&h ua thelr beads, &'huulhuv went out’ it brought jn g heayy lumberwagon, oy lonrerd LULLL out over thiu wheels, On this B i LR, ety vt whicl 13D s 1 Lo way, qug "UE0RS DUt snother . OVER [’ ) ““-Y, :;(u‘lglhmi to bf:?n’:‘x#e‘c?} i o ey Wit hl:".wu bully solld on the ‘wagon, ucross the yard, over the o |l b, to the far end of it, and it s blllllnh‘i fllnrgubl 1 L ohl the 1 And were crogs- e Llock, for all houses ki They moved four of l:hz::“d‘:‘: rick-logs to reach four long, heavy lofsts, Theso were more than they could 1ift, and the master helped them. To reach the wagon they must stumble over threa sectlon-lines of the hench; chimb neross three log at diffcrent angles, and more than two fect from the ground; over the hench for fitting the raflers, and acress some loose sticks, with these great beams on thelr shoulders. When fhey had put on the four, two at cach alde, they enrried from the same plues Len derrlck-lows, and londed them up between, the jolste; and, when they got the last log on, the heap was far ahove the top of thelr heads; but they threw up the lnst stick five minutes hefore 7, and went il futo the shop,. It was certalnly a heavy for- ty-flve minutes' wind-up to o heavy day's “work on o sultry (ln{; and a heavy ftem In thieaccount to feel that it hind not been of the BLIGNTRST USR TO ANYRODY. ‘The hiouso they are hulldln;i will be none the better for having all that timber brought hero on a visit and taken away agaln; and the labor expended on that heneh would have bullt a com. fortable dwelling of severa rooms, Hometinies they want a thinoer stick of tim- ber than any they have; thon, insccad of send- ing to the lumber-yard for it, they mount & stick upon high trusses. Ono man dlmbs upon 1t; another siands below; and, with a longsaw, they split it from end to cwd, One pulls up, and thie other pulls down, but dares not look up for fear of getting sawduat n his eyes, Ifere they will puil away hours to do what proper machinery would do better Iu three scconds, From our standpolnt, the gang of mon who have been at work in that yard all summer might aa woll have been making mud-ples—all except the rope-mokers, All the useful work the carpenters have done was offset by full ten tines the uscless lubor of bringing the stuff to them and taking it awayl ~ And all over the clrt‘v. I sce men work In the samo way. No one scems to lave sultable tools, The hatchets the carpenters uso are heavy 88 axes,-and something that shape, cut go long and narrow, from the handle to the cdge, that they are cspecially awkward wlen ustd for prylng thefr much-nailed boaxds up off thelr well-sceured blocks, They seem lHkewlse to be without a noteh for drawing nalls, apd the men have quite u time to get these outy TUE DOUOLE PLOONS, which are universal here, cught to be so with us, for the space between I8 illled with ashes; 8o, with brick-partition wally, (b 18 next to fin- ssible Lo burn o house down, Iam told they mvu no fire;engities in Germany, and do not fight fire with water, but with ashes, clay, sand, old mats, and axes, There has not been a fire- alarm in Lelpzix since we camo to it, which was tho 27th of last April. Another use of the double floors and Jayer of ashies {8, that they preveht the passazeof sound; and, where every story of a liouse i3 ono or two separate dwelllngs, this 1a a matter of great im- purtanee. We never hear the people who live above us, except when childron drog chairs across the bare floor, or roll a lieavy wooden lall on it. Even tlien the nolso is not serlous; and we cannot bear distinetly the plano in the roums below. A house of which all the walls are_brickt, and all the floors double, and spaces acked with nshes, or clay, or sand,@ceds no usurance againat fire, unless sume oe makes o yery deterniined offort 1o burn it; there arc no " oir-pnasages to wmake .a druft, When Amerfcans get to bullding in thls way, they will have the boards for the under floor sawed into lengths and the ecdges stralchtened by machinery; and_ thoy will not lay tho floor untll the jolsta avo placed {n the buflding, Then the additional work aud materlal wili not bo aserious matter; and it Is perhaps tho cheapest way in which o housc can be made fireproof, fhere! Three snen have o round stick on thelr shoulders, carrylng it actoss and around, and turning and twlnlnfi toget it on thewugonl They take more: ure about to haul away quito @ héup, which appears to have been brought ‘here to be sawed across futo two tengths. Ouly this, and nothing more,—showing that TRANSPOUTATION 18 CHEAP, But carpenters are not the only folks who worl at o (fimdvnnu;e. Men who carry away street-dirt bave wagons of which the top of the bed is higher than thelr heads,and throw up their lond with Jong-handled shovels, Those who haul gravel have similar wagous, and no way of letting the load out at the hottom, It is funny to wateh them empty a squacc bed with a round shovel! They turn and tiwist so to get at the corners, for thay do not care {0 carry any of it nsa back-lond. A man who haulsbrick stops at & respeetful distance from the place thoy are wanted, and hands them to o man, who haunds them to another man! May- be this third man lays them down on a plle, and mm{bfi ¢ hands them to nnoflm‘, or maybe the sccond man lays them down, but Tthink this seldom happens, and it is probable thut ull the billlons of brick and tile used in bullding this city lave heen passed along in this way, 1t s well the brick arc larger than ours, for it fa nBt casy to lift more than two at a time. I have never before realized tho advantage of bringing the thinkers und workers of .o people together. In our country the bralu- laborers lighten tho work of those who depend upon_thelr muecle for bread, and they get all mixed up, until a lttle talont, like the leaven in the meal, leavens tho whole lump; but in Germany men of mind aro separuted from worklnzinen by two removes, mid spend thelr time speculating about nal]ywugs, while the Jaborers drudge on from generation to gencra- tion in the old way. Jaxx GREY BWissnnuar, ——— LITERATURE, NOOKS WECKIVED. Tor Two DesTinigs: A Rowance, By Winxie © Cowriny, Author of **The Woman [n White," cte. Illustrated. Paper. New York: Harper & Nrothers, Price, 50 cents, Daxirs Denoxnna, Iy Gronse Evor, Anthor of ‘¢Adam_Hede.® Complete n One Volume, Paper. Harper & Drothers, Price, G0 cents, GotNe To Tuk Hap, By EpMesp YATEs, Author of **Hroken to llarness." Paper. Boston: William I, Gill & Co, Price, 70 cents, MY OwN Cmwp": A Noven, By Fronence MANRYATT, Author of **Thn Polson of Asps, ' Paper. New York: D, Applcton & Co. Price, o centa, . PERIODICALS RECEIVED, National guarurly Leclew—September (Edward I Bears, New York). Contente: ' Mohammed and Hia Institutions:"’ ¢4 Chief-Justice Mar- shall:”. ¢+The Ethica of Trade;” ** Mudame do Genliy “*Dropsy at Columbia College ™ **Beanmont and Fletcher, ur Rtepresentas tive Schoolx and Colly S ntlal Llections;" **Notlces nnd Critlcismy tAp- endix: Insupance—Qood, Bud, and Indif- oront, American Naturalist for Qctober (11, O, lloughton Co., Boston), 3 1Uinoiv Schoolmaster for October (Cook & Hewett, Normal, IIL ), Natlonul Teachera Monthty for Cctober (A. 8. larnes & Co., Now York & Chicago). ll‘lfra)rru Wortd for Octobur (8. It. Crocker, Hos- on). Monthty Weafern Jurist for October (Willlam 1111 & Co., Bloomingtan, 111.), i~ Amarican LibraryJouraai=Vol, 1, No, 1—Sept. 30 (K, Leypoldt, New York), ————— HE DIED POOR, *4 Mo dled poor,** 'tis eald, Worldly \w.-nRh o ne'or desired; Avarice his heart ne'er fired, Quenchless, flerce, aud red! ‘Woll e know the toll, Sweat, nnd ache of active living, For he chuse the .FM” health-giving: Titler of the soll, Sunrlse saw hio c'er, Summor, winter—cach glad season; ** Brlef I8 lifo-time, " was Lis reavon For the hablt rare, In tho cold and heat, Z Early, Iato, he labored steady Yot was never aught than ready b ' wend his weary feet To the sufforer's bed, Or to Want'a chill, chioerless dwolllng, — o thie one of Jests Lelling, Bearing othiors bread, Not a wall of wo, Or a cry of rending sorrow, *Bcaped his prompt attention—for, oh| Goudneea loved lie sot - Open-handed, king, . Tentlur-ionried, charltable, Doing all that o wau able, AuScripturo hath detined, **To the world I brought Nothlng—uaught hence can I carry; Thurefure, while boroin 1 tarry, Love-deeds claim cach thought. " Wont to reasonso, ° 4 Life was tlled with Christ-like doings Heavenly EM" thereby accruing, Ueaven bogun below! « Nauahs ho el pare vl it he le op Tt $ho richea of Buivation - 0 Uo bath gained lustead | Evwanp P, Nowzrt, A Hemarkable Statement, In a communlcation to the French Acadamy of Belences M, A, Moret states that dusing a reé- cent balluon nscent oft Cherbourg with M, Du- ruof thoy wero surprised, at u height of 1,700 wetres, {o see the bottom of the sca in ita iinutest dotails, though the channel at that poiut wust be 60 or 80 motres desp, The rocks and uudercurrents were clearly visible, Ho suggeals that bulloon-observations might pre- vent shipplng disasters due to deflclencies in charts. nie Ineredullty I8 expressed at this revort, and tt would be curious to know at what height and under what atuospherle conditions a {cm d beeomes visible 'whea fuylsible from the 1Burface. ODOMINION OF CANADA. A Satisfactory Harvest=«Condition of Various Branches of Trade. Commerco with the West Indies, South Americn, and South- ern Australia, The Northern Railway---A Canadian Claimant of the Earldom of Mar. Bpectal Corespondence of Thé Tritune, O1TAWA, Can,, Oct. 1.—Canadn is smincntly an agricultural country, Upon agriculture and the lumber trade three-fourths of our people are dircctly dependent for their dally bread, and whatever affects either Industry tells ut once, whether favorably or unfavorably, upon our cn- tire trade and commerce, We, therefore, turn to the results of the harvest which has just drawn to a close with some anxiety, os indjcat- ing pretty nccurately the prospects for the com- ing winter. . Last year, notwithstanding o con- sidersble amount of grunibling, the crop was pood average one, and, although the win- ter was almost uncqualed In scverity, with the whole Dominfon commercially at n standstil], the necessaries of Jife were cheap and plenty, and the condlitlun of the working-classes nothing Lo be complalned about, Of absolute waut there was an cotive sbaence, and, although tramps and heggars were more abundant than usual,—encouraged, no doubt, by the hope for more than ordinary generosity on the part of well-to-do by,the cry of *hard times,""—there was no Inercasoof privation among the deserving peor. A severe winter, followed by continued staguatlon and disaster In husiness, with work scarce and poorly renumerated, made it more Important thau ever that the harvest of 1870 should bo plentiful. The scnson, from the very begluning, greatly favored the prospect; and although, now that notes have been com- pared and results computed, certaln crops show a partial fallure, the supply in others has been 80 bountcous that the year may with safely be pronounced one of more than averaga agricul- tural prosperity; Fall-wheat, which forms the staple product of Western Canndn, hins suffered very mucl from rust, and will be far below the average, both as to quantity and quality; spring- wheat, rather under than over the average in quantity, .but. of cxcellent quality; batley, mn average crop, and good quallty; buck- wheat and Indian-corn, crop fu all respects good; whilo, in oats and otler coarse grains, the returns will very largely cxcoed tho average, both as to quantity and qnnmy of gam- ple. The biay-crop was also vory greatly In ex- cess of tho aversge, .potutoes falr, and root- crops generally very promising, but in want of more raln to insure good quatity. It Is some- what difllcult to arrive at u correct or sntistoc- tory conolusion os to the fruit-crop, the reports froin the various districta belng so conflicting; but it scems to be tolerably cer- tain that apples have been a failurc, andfjthal we shall huve to look abroad for o large ll:ropnrtlun of the necessiry supply. Pasturage, like tho root-crops, is suflering froimn drought. On.tho whole, we may look forward to the wmlng.wlnl,urwldw good deal of confl- dence, feeling assured that hunger threateus no ono who is able and willing to work for a living, OTUEZ: DUANCHES OF TRADE. The comtnercial erisis which played such havoe on your side of the lue, in addition to exer< clslig u general depressing influcnce on this gide, . haa completely paralyzed what, next to ogriculture, forws, us I haye sald, our most important industry. Not only has the United States been our prinelpal lumber-mart, but a very large proportion of our lending lumberers are” montlemen of Amerfean birth; and nearly every flrm of fmportance hus ane or other of its members residing in Albany, or at whatever point on the south side of thc boundary mnay best suft the exigencles of that branch of the business in wrich they are en-, gaged, It moy be noted en passaut that, next to theBeoteh, the American-Cunadian istho most enterprisinge and successful of oll the va- -rious mnationalitics represented fn this country. Not o few Henators and mem- bers ‘of the House of Commons are men who were born and educated under tho -ogisof the Stars and Stripes; aud, to their credit bo it sald, the happy fucility with which the majority of them combine a profound von- cration and affection for that noble flagwith the most perfect loyalty to the Britlsh Crown, done a preat deil to promote the warnt cordiality with which Canadians nowadays unl- versally regard the people of the Unitad States, Mauny of thuse gentlemen who wero i positions of the utmost afllnence, and who spent thelr money with .the lavish prodigality character- istic ~ of your countrymon, liave been ushed to "the wall, pretty much within {‘lm past two years; but there are slgns in various quarters which scem to indicate that the louy lane of montary stringency will soon bo at its turning, So far s lumber 'fs_concern- ed, the policy of the past three years. hns been to curtail production to the greatest possible extent. To tell the truth, however, thers has not been the utmost good faith in carrylng that policy out; and the cousequence has been, that the return of prosperity Las buen considerably retarded. Scveral goud snles were made by Ottawa firms at the beginning of the pres- ent geason, which Induced such an ex- auslon In the Bmd\wt that I am nformed on fndisputable wuthority that the number of logs nassing through the Chaudiere slldes to the mills hus been greater than for the past four yeurs. This fato be regretted, and the ‘moreso because the exercisc of paticnce and coktlun forone other yeur would, Inall probability, have restored the market to some- thing llke 1ts normal actlvity. The fall-trade {udry-goods, grozerles, and neral myerchundise proiises an improvement, fimnmnluns have been cut down 6o miich dur- ing the provalence of the monetary stringency, that stocks, both wholesile and retatl, are now very low. Demand, too,is growlng brisker, But there are a considerable munber of Linport- ant follures occurring every day yet,—most of them coucerns which, o fow years ugo, were cou- sldered In good n(umflng. TRADE WITH SOUTH AMERIOA AND TUE WEST INDIES. . Mr. John Fraser, of Fraser Bros., shipping merchants in New York Lm‘y bas lately been visiting Western Canada and kluntrunl, with a view to promote the trade of the Dominion with the West Indies and Central and South Amerl- ca. Helna the hearty co-operation of leading entlemen, who liave been agitating the subject or some time’ through” the “medium of the newnrapm'u, Boards of Trade, and othier publle’ bodles, Parliament {ncluded. An cflurt 15 also belng mado to stimulate direet trude between the Bt. Lawrence and the varfous ports of South Australin. The Now- South-Wales Cominissioners to the Centennial and our Canadian representutives at Philadelphia had the subject guictly talked-over mmong themsclves firat; and slice then some of the foriner gentlomen have boen uver here inter- viewlng the Federal and Provinclal Governments ond the varlous municipal and commerelal cor- porations, und suggesting a_variety of wny;n in which the cotnnon object might be” wecomplish- ed. Ono stop hus already been declded upon: A ship is to specially chartered to carry Cans ndiun goods for exhibition at the fortheom- Ing Bouth Australlan Exposition, The [l,mj‘m bus the countenance,-aé it will havo the pe. cunlary ald, of the Dominfon Govornment, and satisfactory results are confidently expocted. ‘Whether theee expectations will be reallzed oy not, it would bo unwise to predict but it §s not too much to venture the suggestion that, if tho trado really requircs to be fustered, coddled, atronized, and protectod, o somo of those {n- erosting themselved de:plg on [ts behalf secin to think necessary, it s lucking iu the underly. ing vlements of success, aud wlll be a source of loas rather than of proflt to Cunuds, whatever it may be to Australin. TUB NORTHERN RAILWAY, ‘Tho Northern Railway of Canada {s a concern owned mainly lln{v DBritish capitalists,. and man- aged by two Hoards of Dircctord,—a British and o Canadlau, Years ago tho roud "got into inanclul diticultics, from which it was relleved by-an ' advance of $500,000 by the Canadian overnment. Sfnco thon §t has been in an nxm‘nlyuunnlly rosperous condition, and has yielded a very falr revenue, The Qovernment accepted a first mortgage as sccurity for tho ' ropayment of the lonm, but’ tho debt Las never been llquidated, Tywo years ago, ‘the Mackenzio “Adminfstration, at the sugges- tion of tho Canadian Dircctors, proposed to ace capt o certain percentago of the mmount in cash 24 o sottlement in full, and a bill aythorizing this procecding was passed by Parllament. Nor et have the torms of that compromise cver een fulfilled, citber fu whole or fu part. The srraugement, I presume, may be regarded as lapsed, und the debtors, us well a3 thuse to whow they ure fudobted, as baving assumed thelr original position with regard o the mortguge, Recently an alleged exposo of the sucrets of tho mansger of the rullway wes made to the Government confidentially by o disappointed official, whien wifl probably ex- Ialn {n some measure the rensons of the Com- ,mny‘h Inabliity to meet thelr Ins!<htedness, even n lts modified form. A Roysl Commission was appoiuted to inquire into the truth or falschood of the oflicer's allegations; and although the Comunlssiunces have, conteary to all precedent conducted thelr investigations after the mode of the Star Chamber, enough hins leaked out to satisfy the public that the money which rightly belonged to them waa lavished 1or political and private purposes innway that wasreally pecullar. As instances of tho nature of the expenditures thus Incurred, it may be mentfoned that §2,500 was Aubscribed to”a testinonel—professcdly from the workingmen of Canuin—to the lato Prime Minister, 8ir John A. Maedonnld {, while other _sums, compared to which t!,m}l 18 a mero flea-bite, were invested in the elections of . certaln Tory candidates for Parllamentary lion- ora, and In *rccuring the {nfluence” of mem- bers of the Federal I.¢zislature known to be not too favorably dispuscd to the compromise of the Company’s debt which was Intterly agreed to, These amounts were severally debited fo work- fng expensen. ‘The publication'of the evidence mwri n the cosc Is looked forward to with In- tereet, THE BARLDOM OF MAR—A CANADIAN CLAIMANT, . A poor farmer by the namne of Callender, lly- ing at Arnprior, near this cily, has recently becn put In posscssion of Information which” leads him to hope that, to usc the éxpression of the sy fortunc-tellers, ie ‘“hay seen hls poorest 5::)'; * that 1s to say, he has buqn glven what ap- pears to be pretty satisfactory” proof that he is the only son of the last Earl'of Mar, and right- ful helr to the title and the valuable estates at- tached to #t. Last Fisbruary, 8 nurgber of con- nections of the Erskine family reslucnt in Can- ada met in Hamilton, and subscribed a sum of £40,000, which they handed to the Ion. Edward Bln‘:u, Q. C., now Mnister of Justice in the TFedergl Government, with the Intention that he should prosecute ~ inquirles a8 to the lefrship of he estates, Tley expected, of course, that some of themaelves would turn ont. to be the favored individual, ‘It was discov- ered through this sgency that the last lineal Eurl waa for some time reslident fo Canadaj that he died somewhere fu Amerter,—in Montreal or Chi:aro, it was supposed; aud that he left be- Iiind ki a will, which had never, however, been found. “The appearance of tho present u!n]mnm. puts hn effectual damper upod the pretensions' of ail the others. Mr, Callender hna always been led to suppose that he was “somcebody™; hut wha his parents were, or what the scerct of his hirth, lina til} now been bid from him. Ho had been toki by his guardian tha’ he wasthe direct helr to the estates fn question; hut that was ait he ever heard on the subje This guardian’s namo was Campbell, who owned and worked o farm at Hawkesbury, some distance down the Ottawa River from’ this city, e treated his ward with such severity that, as soonas the Iatter was able to do for himself, they parted company, ‘This was mnny yearsago, and, {n the courseof time, Campbell and bis family having lert 1awkesbury, Callender lost sfglit of than, Learning that the.Mar eatates, which had been conflstated In the last century, had latterly reverted to the Erskines, and that inquiries were Lelug made for the lawful heirs, he endeavored to flud the Campbells vut, for the purpose of satlsfying himeelf as to his own {dentity, and, If the” fucts in thelr pussession Justificd the proceeding, laying his claim. After the lapee of ‘tnany years, fils inquirics wero at Inst suceesstul. ‘Fhis was just the other week., 0O1d Campbeil was dead, and he had carried Callender’s_secret with fitm to the grave. But in an out-house to which no one was allow- cd admittance auring tlae old gentlemap’s Ufe-thne was founs bottle, sccurely corked with n pebble, containing the very papers which were wanted, They were three in nummber, * The first was dated Glasgow, 1825, in which Erskine, Ear] of Mar, consigne his only son to the care of Campbel), the latter be- Ing'about to immigrate to Cannda. Certain marks by which the ¢hild moy be {dentifled are cnumerated, and certified by 'two witnesscs. The writer expresses the wishi that the child be uaned Richand Callender. The sceond I8 a slm- ple attestation by Erskine, written at Hamil- ton, C. W,, {n 1530, that' the child In ques- tlon was the bu{ in' Cuinpleil's fatn- fly known as Richard Callender; and a brlef will and testanent, making bin the helr of the testator, is added,~the whole belng cer- tifled-to by the same two who were witnesses to the firat-inentioned document. Thelr names were Hamilton and Ross,—the former of whoin scems to have acted as knldna's amanucnels, and both would appear to Lave attached them- selves to thelr master throq%h all his vnrrvlux fortuncs. The last document fs lotter from Hamllton to Cawmphell, dated from Quebee, 1340, fnforming the Jatter of Erskine's death, and of the fact that Callender was his only son and helr. The marks on Callender's person correspond exactly with thoso mentioned In these three documents,—and it I8 Important to notico that they are recapliulated ln each,—and bear evidence of having boun there sinva child- hood, Bo far as those- upon bis face are con- cerned, all his acquaintances know that they have been there since they knew him, also succeeded in recoyering” from the Crmpbells sovernl articles of family Jewelry, de., men- tloned In tho Glasgow " document as belng tho proporty of Erskine's child, amd consigned to the care of his guardlan, In fact, the evi- denco would appear strongly to favor tlic proba- Lility of the poor farmer establishing lils clalms to the Earldom of Mar, i The fawlly-title {8 derived from an anclent district n Aberdecnshire, Scot- land, culled Mar or Marr, which ot one time belonged to the Erskines, The origin of the Enrltom itsclf is lost (o antiquity. fn 1085, Martacus, Earlof Mar, Is wituess to a charter by Maleolm Caumore to the Culdecs of Loch_Leven, The first historical wmolee of the Erskincs fs in the thirtcenth century, when they were simply Lords kine, They gave thelr nume to a distriet in Ren- frewshire, on the north skic of the Clyde, which they were the owners of untll 1638, when It wns sold to Slr_John Hamilton of Ordiston, and Is now in possession of the family of Blantyre, In 1480, Jamea 11, of Scotland confirmed Thonas ns Ninth Earl of Mar; but the title and cstates were forfeited by Johu, the eleventh Earl, who led the fusurrection of 17155 alter which the Earldom remuined fn abeyunce until 1624, when 1t was restored to John Fraucls Erskine, reputed father of the present clalmant, o lineal desvend- ant of the fumily. It will thus be seon thut Richard Callender kas “ biood ** {n his veins, A M. B. —— THE SAILOR'S DREAM. Our royals set, the fav'ring hreeze Jesth'd geutle In vur swelling safls; Our gallant shlp llew o'er th seay, Propelied by Summer's halcyon gales, "Twaa in the mid-watch, na 1 lle);t. My hammock swinging to and fro, Axumlu wlumber 0'er nie crept nd bilssful dreurny dispell'd each wo. Methonght my roving steps wors far From Oconii's surges, leagues away, Whilu o'er my path & radiant staz Bhone with'a pure and beavenly ray, 1 roam'd again each hnzhofld-mnn. Otsega's plactd fuke bestdos A(inm. Deneath the forest green, breustod Susquehuuna's tide. The well-remembared (rlends of yore, And vyen sume tlll now forgot, In dreams I saw thow all once ware, — , Each shiady glen—ech pictur'd grot, My home, with al] its idols too, Ttoso up before my vislon then; Ench face, roflecled bright and troe— Each sunny hour—all camo again, My father, on whoss knca [ learn'd I'hie pray're and hymns e loved eo woll; My mother, whoso foud boaom yearn'd (vnu love for ine nu tongue can tell; laymatcs of my youth, The cldes rllluuefl—ull were thore, With days of [nuocence and truth, Bofore my heart hud dream'd of care, How short the mowents of our bilss} ‘Whilo yet the cherish'd soundas I hear, And rulse my lips for Mothor's Lisa, *All Hands, Ahoy 1" burets on m¥ ear, With aching heart I roach the deck; ‘The storm howls wilily o'er tho barky Our ship scems liko 8 feeble speck Awid the billows, drear and dark. The hardy crew, to recf the salls, Mount high upan the fihhly mast; The topsails, folded in the Lrally, Are 4oun prepared Lo meet the blast, Thesa aro tho joye 8 seaman knows— Such summons oft his sluubers break; And this among bi 0! bllva to droau hip wake. Nontu Pacirio Ockal vz, SAN, My slsters, A Dog's Fldelity, New Iaven (Conn, ) Register, l"uungcu on the Valley Raifrond are attract. cd datly by the conduct of alarge and intelll- gent dog walting by the roadside for the duily uowspaper, which ‘was formerly thrown to him {from tho buggage-car for bis tuaster, who lved half & milo from the rails, ‘Tho master hias beon doad muny months, but the fulthful dog hasnot missed the il train a day since. There s no aper for that master now, but somctimes the gagemun, In plty for the dog, tosses a paper to Lim a8 the traln Tushes by, which ko eagerly sclzea and atarts joyfully over the Lills for his bome. When the train bas gone by und no pa- per {4 throwu he rushes wildiv up and down the rack, guzing after tho cars with an almost hu- wman fuok of dlsappolutment, und Jogs dejected- 1y howeward, TIHE PRESIDENT. A Correspondent Visits Him at His Pennsylvania Retreat, He Is Confident of Hayes' Election-- Look Out for the Senate. 1ils Exropean Tour and Future Homes Peter Cooper’s Plan of Reform. Fpecial Correspondence af The Tribune. Wasiinaroy, Ia., Oct. 4.~During the past five days President Grant hos been enjoylng & brief season of quict and rest at the housc of a relative on the outekirts of this beautiful Jittle town. For the best part of a week he has been nabsolutely free from the encroachments of the newa-gatherer, but to<lay your correspondent fuvaded the retreat, In the almost forlorn hope of getting an interview from the one great "Prestdent who hitherto would not talk, The mellowing Influences of his surroundings must have hal o benignant effect, from o newspaper standpoint, 08 the President gracefully surrendercd himself to the inevitable, and talked quite freely. The General had been seven wecks away from the carcs and perplexities of Wash- ington life, but he had found his greatest rest among the hills of Washington County, He was the picture of physlcal health., The gray Lnirs, whose appearance had from time to time been noted by Washington scribblers, were strangely absent. It fs truc the beard and hafr were flecked with gray, but not any morc so thon six years agoswhen the writer last saw him, The President was enjoylng a qulet smoke when the correspondent called. e Jaughingly sald that he hardly knew, what to say about the condition of things political. ' “HAVE TOU ANY PEANS OF TUE RESCLT of the election, General 1" ' Not the slightest, so far as the Presidential ticket s concerned. In every quarter the indi- cations seem to mo to indubitably point to the clectlon of Gov. Hayes.” « ‘Do you think that there is o likelihood that the nexv Congress will be as strongly Demo- cratic s the present onel" There is the great danger. T fear that In the excitement of the Presidentinl electlon the great importance of the clections for members of Congress, and'éf Stute legistators who will be called upon to elect United States Senators, will Ly overlooked, There s great neeu ut using every effort to return Republicans from every Congressioual District, and, I repeat, the danger to the country lles in these elections.’ “ But the people seem to have the Impression that the Upper House cannot be much affectedt by this clectlon. Is that branch of the Govern- ment threatened % “That I8 were the principal danger fs. At present we have only asmall majority in the Benate, and the States that will elect Senators this fall cannot all be reparded complacently by the Republican party, A successor will bave to be elected to Senator Frelinghuysen from New Jersey, There ore fears that we may lose him b{]nu\'lngn Democrat returned fn "his place. Then there has been or will_be elections in Oregon, Florida, Texas, Loulslany, Ar- kausas, Mlsll.nl})pl, and South Carolina. In the cmsc of Oregon, the: Leglalature i s already been clected; it {s Democrativ, aud 1t bas etecied n Democrat. But (takivg up a paper and glancing at the returns from Colo- rado) Colorado wiil overbalance that.” *Why, has it not Leen thought that South Carolina’ would go Republlcan beyoud aoy doubti” * Yes, and so It will if the Democrats do not resort to the rhot-gun Tsolluy. But ft will be surprising if this pullcy is not adopted ta bring forward a *Solid South,’ It is the unly way In which it can be brought about.) The elections in Texns, Florlda, Arkansas, Miss{selppi, and probably nulfilnnn;m quite sure to o Dem- veratie. If we lose Patterson and Frelinghuysen, and the Bouth should come_ up aolid, I would mnot envy Gov. Hayes s {msmon as _ Presidént, That * fe, 1t Lie Solld South shiould huve the effect of giving 1lie Democrats o majority in both Houscs, Thus it is Imperative that the ereatest effort should bo made to carry the Congressional and State elertions. Litile can be expected from the Bonthorn States which I have unmed, with the single execption pmbnhl{ of SBouth Carolina. Mind, Ido not say that the probabllitics are that Patterson will be deicated, but there Is great dunger, The Democrats are disposed to carry the election with the shot-gun, If they be yermmcd to. There ure stroug hopes for Frelingliuysen, too, but us in the otlier case there 18 a probability of his defeat, The Demo- crats are urging Joel Parker for his seat, and na he is o candidato for everything he will doubt- less make an effurt to seeure the election,” “1low-do you feel about OlI10 AND INDIANA T “Thercls no doubt about either of them. In- diana will go ull right sure, I think. yet there [s danger of colonlzation from Kentucky. This hus been going on for some time, and s still solng on, I have nodoubt, But this cannot be unc unnoticed, and the Democrats will be Tikely to find that this will react agalnet them. Iaycs never having been beaten fn his own State, It 18 measurably certaln that _he will not be beaten fn the suvreme contest of his life.”” Just at this mamnent an auclent sonof the soll, with some of the goll sticking to him, sbutlled into the library, and, after scanulny the President ‘a mo- ment, snid, **HBe this Mr. Grant?” 'The Prestdent sald it was. Sald the simple Gran- ger, 1 just dropped [n from Town,™ as It the blate was {n the next room, *and I guess I will shale hands, "cos | never did with o Prestdent betores no, | dldn't, I never even see oue," he repeated wringing the General's hand,aud look- fugz us I he feft thiat hio had struck o ‘curiosity. He let go of the hand after awhile, and shuflled out ngain on bis way to Towa. This was only one of n number of instances whore the sover cigns have exerclsed their right to make o pump-handle of his Exceliency, but the fntru- sfon did not seem to dlsturb lifm. After the Granger disappearcd, the attentlon of the Preslilent was called to the ncwspaver re- yport that ho hisd SETTLED UPON WASIINGTON AS 1118 HOMB upon the expiration of his term of otlice. ‘T have really never given the matter any thought,” sald the General, ** About the place of my resldence after the 4th of next Murch, I have no plans,” I'am situated differently from any of the former Presidents, They all b homes. 1lived in Tlinols but a short titme be- fore golng uto .the army, and I dld not form any special attochment there. Outside of Waushington 1 don't kuow people In the sense of knowhys them as friends to live among, and for that reason it I8 quite likely that 1 may make my howme durlng winter scasons fu Washington, But I huve no plan, aud will have hone until after I retiro from the Presidency.” Do you think of setiling down there upon the oxplration of your term (" 1 shall take a trip to Europe, hut beyond tho mere fact of a declsion to go to 'l-:umpu 1 have no plan about that either. I intend to travel ontircly nt my ense, and the tour muy extend over siX months, or it inay extend over elighteen monthia. I propose to see what I like, go where Ilke, and remnin as long as [ ltke, Just now my plan {8 to return to Washington, and this vacation will be the last until the{th of March, I will stay there, with a possible inter- val of a day or two, until my successor arrives, nxunl then Lwill begin go thlnk of pluns for the uture, 1u the closlng moments of the conversation the echeme of mnking EX-PRESIDENTS LIFE MESIDERS OF TIE BENATE was referred to. Gen. Grant sald that he had thought very Hitls mbout the subject, as it did not seent to him tobe Imwl cal at this time, Hy thought that it would have been well i€ this had been coutemplated Iu the acheme of the Consti- tution, aud had been Iu operution from the beginning. While ho d(d uot express an explicit oplulon adverse to the proposition, he treated it fn such & way as to leave the Impression upou mllfl;' mind that he was very dublous of fts utility. TKTER COOPER'S PLAN OF CIVIL SBRRVICE REFORM was uush:{;l* referred to by the President, The aged “Intlationist ™ recontly contided his plan W08 melmiwllmn reporter, He proposcs, o the ovent of his election, to appoint a commis. sfon composed of the Governors of all the SBtates, this commisslon to have the power of appomting all Federal oill- cers. He proposvs to have this commission bound by an vath to appolnt no persou to a po- sitlon under the Governincut who is wot futel- lectually capable to discharge the dutics of his oftive, aud whose character for houesty is not above susplcion. Persons so appointed, it (s the l)lllu to retain lu ollice so long as they sball werf- wrivusly discharge thelr trusts, QGen. Grant said lhhufiluu was excellent o theory, but it would fail in practice. He sur- mised that the cateulation [n the appointment of the Commlsslon of Governors was that those gentlemen would bu beyoud thy reach of politfcal influence, Low miitaken thly ¢ tlon 1s, f too apparent to necd comment. The President snid, also, that [t was in cooflict with the spirit of the whole plan of the Government, It fa the Ineatimable privileze of all American citizens to aspire for any office within the gift of the people, and Gen. Grant was of the opinion that life tenures were wholly unnccessary to any branch of the Government service, with the exception of the army and navy. ———— THE BULGARIAN OUTRAGES. Commenta of the London Times upon the Repurt of the British Commissioner, Landon TYmes, 8ept. 20, Mr. Baring’s report on the outrages In Bul- Rarin hds at length been published. It fanot creditable to the Government thgt it should have been 8o long delayed, for no one who resds 1t will be able to discover the good reasons for withholding it which one of the speakers at the Guildhall sald he knew the Forclgn Office pos- sessed. The report will certainly be. extremely unpleasant to the Turks, and it is not concllias tory in its reference to Blavie Powers, But the report, whatever its nature, Is a fact of the ut- most itnportance in its bearing on our duties and on our policy, and it ought to have been in the hands of the public within twenty-four hours after it was recelved. It tsa document which does not, we think, do very great credit to our Diplomatic service, but It is cvidently, a8 8ir Henry Elliot clafins for it, painstakiniy and conscleritious, and it commands confldence in its apecific statements, Its lcast satisfactory feature is the manner In which the writer scems almpst to take part In the political and partisan controversy hetween the |gulug1m of the Turks ant the upulutghu of the Slavs, instead of con- flning himseif to a simple narrative of the facts he Investigated, The tone of the report In this respect will not enhance the popular confidence reposed In onr Embassy at Constantinople. But AMr. Baring has been through the territory which was ravaged by the insurrection, and nppears from his' knowledge of Turkish to have liad some apecial ndvantages in investignting the cts. le nssurcs usthat he was ever: vfimru ved with tho ereatest courtesy by the Turkish authoritins, though™ the evidence on detafls often _ very conllicting, he seems to have had _no difticulty in ascertaining the main facts. The Turke, of course, must by this time be perfect- li‘ well awsre that couccalment fs useless, and that the omly course now remaining to them is 10 submit ta the exposure of the cutrages, and to attempt some reparation for them. The facts, however, are now placed boyond dispute, and it becomes ccrtain that the worst accounts previously published were subsiantial- Iy true. Bir Henry Elllot, In introducing the ranrt, admitted tiiat those accounts are gener- ally borue out; and, though he qualiics this admission by the statement that many of the capeclally sensatlonal incldents are disproved or aliown to be very much overcolored, he has to adinlt in the next sentence that the occurrences at Batak equal or exceed in horror anything that Iins been alleged. In presence of this aidmis- slon, the “overcoloriug® of “sensational fn- cldents which _seems Lo occasion so much dis- turbance to Sir Henry Elliot and Mr. Barlng will appear of very little “consequence to the public. 11, as Mr, Baring says, the hurrors of Batak con- stltute the wrasseat ‘erime known to this cen. tury, and If Achmet Aga is only to be compared to Nana Ealiib, the difference of between ten and twenty thousand in the number of persons massacred, und of a few scores in the number of women outraged, 8 a very sccondary point. Horrors like these are not to be measnred by thelr precise number, but by their character and gzeneral extent, Mr. Baring’s report establishes the brond and dumniog facts that a feroclous ussulman soldlery, "In revenge for =a ceble and abortive ' fusurrection, were let loose on the Inhabitants of o 'lnrge prov- fuce; that whole villages and towns were ruthlcssly burnt; that the population were barbarously maseacred,—men, woinen, and chil- dren inctuded; and that, during this etorm of savage fury, erlmes of all descriptions and out- rages unmentionable were perpetrated on the inhabitants. Mr, Baring cstimates that sbout 2,000 persona perished in the Sandjak of Phil- fpopolis alone; and he presents this as o mod- crate estimate, It is cneral picture thus described which {s so horrible, aud which con- stitutes the futal condemnation of the Govern- et under which it e cominences by detallip, origin of the ‘so-called was surrection {tself, committee ot Bucharest had, it scemed, for A #0100 yea Panslavie with Baring suys, sre an unwarllke, ous, and qulet race; and until the ris- g in Herzegovina there was nothing in thelr conduct to cause the Turks any uncasi- ness. But slnce then Mr. Baring belitves that a regular piay of rislog had been prepared, and that it was Intended to burn some Turkish towns and attack the Turkish population. The huurFent serected fortifieations; they killod a certaln number of Turks, whom, in the Sandjnk of Phillppopolis, Mr. ug estimates at in all; and he asserts, in contradiction to Mr, Bchuyler's report, that he bad hlmsel! secn the ruins of mosques which Lnd beean destroyed. The Turkish Governmeat, Lowever, neglected the progressof this rlnlng until the last moment, and then, in Mr, Baring’s opinlon, & panic sot in among the Mussulman population, who were fn ® wminority. Even then, according .to state- ments made by the Turks them- selves at the time, four battalions of regular troops would have eufficed to put the Insurrcction down, and Mr. Baring conslders that even 1,000 troops would have becn sufll- clent. But Mahmoud Pasha, then In power in Constantinople, refused to recognize the danger. Regular troops were wanted for other purposes; and ot length the authoritics armed the amlul- man po&m lation, and placed the irregular troops ot the disposal of the Jocal authorities. From that moment tho Bulzurlans were delivered vver, like aflock of sheep, to bloodshed, fire, lust, and raplne, somctiuics, 2s at Batak, agera- vated by tl grosscet treachery. A few, but very few, Turkish officials cxerted some slight resiruint on thelr savage auxiliarics; and it is the darkest count " im the iIndictmentr| against tho Government at Constantinoplo that, up to the time of Mr. Buring'a re- port, thuse who permitted, if they did not order, tha atrocities, bad been rewnrded, while none of those who restrained the troops had recelved any recognition of their conduct, It Is quite ccrtain thot scenes ns dark ns cver disgraced the most backward civilization ar thu most degraded savagery prevailed for days fn o provinee of the Turkish Empire almost at the Kutes of Constantinuple. This fact belng established, tho condemnatjon of the Governmout under which it occurred is frresistible, Mr. Baring pives some reasons for ‘belleving that the authorlties at Constuntinople were really not aware untll quite latelyof some ot the worst atrocities, as, for in- stance, at Batok: and it Is very pos- sible ° that such cxcuses _ may be valld In the case of Individuals, But they are wholly irrefevant to the charge agalnat the Goy- ernwent, That which Europs cannot ignaore is that the Turks were, at all; ovents, impotunt to prevent such abominations, and that cquse~ &ueutl , under the present adwministrationythe hristion populations of Europcan and Asfatle ‘Turkey bavs no security against being made the victims of the most “Intolerable baritles. From one point of view there is something even worse in ihe sccount Mr, Harlug givesof he munuer In which the unbappy victims of th atrocities are now being treated by the Turkish authoritiea, Dellberate cruelty and injustice are ulmost more fnexcusable thon an outbreak of nvnfo passions; and Mr, Barlug tells us that the villagers who have been robbed of thelr oxen by tho Circasslans and Bashi-Bazopks ore at this moment subject to requisitions fron Leen endeavoring to propagate the itation in Bulgi_urm but aid not meet success. he Bulgarlans, Mr. industri- the authorities, aud ' are beaten simply because thoy no longer possess thu cattlo which lave been stolen from them, Thelr very clothes have somatiines been taken from then they were scen huddled fn teuts, half-naked, outs(de th:lrvmngu-, and the Turklsh Government, Instead of adopting romipt measures to relieve them, s addlug to Jicir intscry, 11 thia bu not deliberate wicked- ness, it 18 such uttter fmpotence that some weans must, with the least possible delay, bo adopted to [nsure the subjects of th Porte nfxn nst such treatment, Alr, Baring is no doubt right when he says that what fs uceded fs *a strong baud and's master mind.” The pictura he drawsof bitter Latred between Mussulman aud Christian offcrs but a poor proapect for the WASHINGTON. ‘Senator Jones and His Silyer Speeche«=-A Bogus Humorist. The Domocracy and the Contingent Fond---Look at the Liquor Bills, From Our Ottn Cerrespondent, ‘Wasamarox, D. C., Oct. 1.—Proctor Know I8 unanimously renominated for Congress, and will, of course, bo elected. He will ecome here under very different cireumstancos from those which attended hls entry into the Forty-fourth Congress, ' Ho entored that Congress with great reputation as & humorlst, and as & genial, Jovial man. He comes back to the remnant of the prescnt Congress with his laurels all drags gled In the mire of his political venom, and without suggestion of humor in his acrid soecch, or in his sepulchral face. The rumor, which has long been whispered about, 18 now gene erally belleved among Congressmen, Iroctor Knott 18 known throughout the country by his famous * Duluth specch,” Those who ought to know positively assert that he never wrote i, but that he only delivered Jt. ns & plece of parrat work, after it had been prescut- cd to im, made to his hand. There are two theories of the origin of this specch. Onels that it was a plece of good-humored satlr written by Bed Breckenrldge, Guthrle, ane othier talénted Kentuckians, wiho had mado ine audlcluus investments in the rival city to Du- luth, and who would be glad to witiless the downfall of the Iatter. The other theory is that it was cumposed by an Irlsh newspaper gentleman, then in Washington, who was well known for his remarkable wit, and the fertllity of his invention, and who, during the Greeley campalgn, cditcd tho hite-League Caucasian, or sumething of that sort, In Missourl. TIOAR AND DUTLER. George F. Hoar s undoubtedly the most prominent candidate In Massactusetts as the succesaur of Gov. Boutwell fn the UnitedStates Senate, Gov. Boutwell, by almost unanimous consent, secms about to Le retired to privata life, after a ucarly continuous carcer in ofiice of about thirty years. The success of the Essex statesman ‘may be an indirect advantage to Boutwell In his campalgn for re-election, Ben Butler always had o fricndly side for Boutwell, because the latter incurred the opposition of the Bencon street Illk-flocklflfi aristocracy during the Simmons fight. While Bontwell” did not then openly advacate Butler's cause, he certaine Iy did not side with the Beacon street faction, Butler, too, is George Hoar's mortal encmy. The Iatter, indecd, has been kuown to say flut;{z would be better for the country, aud for Massas chusctts, that the entire Mossichusctts delegae tion in Congress should be represented by harde mouey War-Democrats, than that Gen, Butler should be re-clected. The witole of Butler's in- fiuence will be thrown agalnst Hoar's election to the Benate. GOLDEN JONES' BILVER SPRECIH. Senator Jones, of Nevadn, Chulrman of the 8ilver Commisslon, sald before the Committca left Washington that “no information on the silver subject could be gathered that was not found fn his great speech upon that question.’ Senator Jones could scarcely have been cxe pected to have performed all the labor cone nected with that speech, which is in itself an elaborate work upon the silver problem. Alex- ander Delmar, well known liere {n Andrew Johnsou's tine, was Senator Jones' co-worker on that specch.” Delmar bod & room at Jones' stonc palace for scveral months during the last sussion of Congress, ate at Jones’ table, and was constantiyengaged Inthe Congressional Library, nud n his study, In complling the statistical materlal of which Senntur Jones mode such valuable use in his specch, WINE IN TitB CONTINGENT FUND, In the old days there werc no accounts kept by the Democrats of the expenditures of the contiogent fund. A former chief clerk of the Treasury tells me a curious ry of Democratie nbuse, which came under his own observation. Ho was prescut in the store of the stationer who fornished the Treasury and the Capltol with supplics, when one of the officers of the Scnate came fn, and purchased several gold- mounted penknives, costing $16 aplece. They were ordercd to bo charged” to the contingent fund of the Scnate. Tricks of this sort were of xrc%ucut occurrence before the Republican Ad- ministration wus able to reform the rotten abuses inhierited from the days of Democratis tisrule. The Treasury records fn the Demo~ cratic tima show that the abuses fn the pur- chage of stationery in the Treasury excceded the entire proscot c:x‘wndltnrc of tha statloncry and contingent fund in that Department. Here {s arecord of o neat lttle abuse, which 18 found on one of the old flles of the Benato under a Democratic Admlnistration. The ac- mllzllml:um'h there, but there are no vouchers with it: Baoven gallons best Maderia wine, $28 Four gallona best Cognac brandy B Twelve pounda alm , at 40 centa,, 4 Twelve pounds ralsins, at 50 ceata.,. b T O PRI Y11 Untll within fiftecn years no vouchers wers kept of the expenditures of the coutingent fund by cither House of Congress. Dur- fng all' the Democratic days, that fund was used as m corruption find, and o detailed report of the expenditures, or, at least, a record nccount of the vouchers, were never made, Persons familiar with the carly blstory of this fund n:r that a large portion of the contingent fund was always uacd for political Ppurposcs. ROBERT LINCOLN. The Democrats are very anxlous to count TRobert Lincoln os one of their nnmber. In o recent speech, E. C. Carrington, a Washington lawyer, In the course of a very bitter Southern tirade in Maryland, sald that Robert Liucoln {8 now a pronounced supporter of Tilden and Hendricks.” Mr. Montgomery Blair, who was Lincoln's Postmaster-General, tntroduced Mr. Carrington to the meeting, stood by him when ihis libel upon Robert Lincolu was uttered, and did not correct it, THE AnMY, The army will loss one of its best friends In Congreas n the departure of Gen. Clinton Me- Dougal, of Now York, from that body. Gou. MeDougal, as & member of the Militury Come mittee, rendered great service to the army by his {ntcliigent and assiduous Inbors iu thelr bi- balf.. Gen. Hurlbut, of Itlinols, was aiso highly csteemed by all the army officers, and was con- spleuous for his advocacy of thelr cuuse agalost the ralds of the Cuufederate House. FEMALZ TREASURERS, A lady was reu:nu{ disclhiarged from the Tressury Depariment because an ufidayit was made, With respect to her, by a companfon lady clerk, Iu which she wus cliarged with having said ‘thot she wished the ‘“lightning woul strike the Lincoln monument.”” Bhe was tho daughiter of & Rebel oflicer, who bad aecured an sppointment in the Treasury through some Soutbern member, A sister ‘of Jackson, the assassin of Col, Ellsworth, leld a place in the Treusury until within a few months, UBFUBLICAN THEATMENT OF ANDREW JACKs HON’S LEINS, ‘Two of the nloces of Gen. Andrew Jackson havo licld positions in the Government seryice 08 copyists for mauy years, and will be rotained on account of their iency, us well us for thelr illustrious ancestry. % AUSTIN BLAIR. The Demacrats have owitted from thefr cam- palgm scandal-book one of the most notorlous ¢laim-jobbing scaudals passed since the Wur, Posslb] {"thh omission 18 due to the fact thut this clalm passed through the House Commite tee on Clalms when Austin Blatr, of Michigan, who lsnow so earnestly making apeeches for ‘Tildou, was Chafrman of that Committec, WHAT DENOCHATS IIAYH NOT NONE, Threa things the Democratic Honse did not do in the vourse of 1ts refurms. First, it did ned expel the Democratle Cangressman from Brooke lyn, Joha @, Bchumaker, who distributed $§300,~ of Pacific-Mail brive money umouny the Den- ouratle members of tho Fvny-oecum!' Congress. Becond, it did not punish or éxpose the oflicers of the Bourbun House who, In the first threo months of last sesslon, stole $100,000 worth of veluablo docuinents from the THouse document~ room, Third, |u denouncing the attempts to obtain {uformation relative to cotton claims immed{ate success of s mere scheme of sustono- my. A stroug and just Govermment, for at Icast & gencration, would probably be needed to enable the provinces to recover in auy degree from the miserles this report depicts;” aud the task, equally difficult aud Jmperative, of the iilun‘mcnn Powers, 1s to provide some such au- thority, ——— A THOUGHT, Gazing on the wide, blue ocean, Stoud I on the sloplng shore, While the waves, in graceful motion, ‘Washed tha cryatal pebbles v'er; Slowly rising, nearer splashiug, Gently they sround e cre ™, Ito Trowm ‘ueath we foottield. wastilog, sea was nearly swept, Thus, thought T, the youth of lelsure Gazes on tha motions sweet % ©Of the luring waves of As thoy play sround Liugerlug wtlil, aduirivg, cutluas, While they featly ‘neath bim crecp, Soon Bin's blllows, swelling furious, Llm to decp dustruction sweep, Alariury Tavros asure, o feet; from the Treasury, it did not state that Cupt. Hambleton, whom wiljam R. Morrlson was cumpelled against his will to make Clerk of. tho Comimlttes un Ways and Meuns, was one of the principal ¢laim agents, and Lus Joni been ene uenvorlnfilw get frons the Treasury the fufore mation which the Dewocratic Couimittes suc- ceeded in obtainlag for all 10bby ugeuts. . MOSCOE CONKLING, - Benator ConkMing, notwithatand) "f the re, ;mru about him, has beon serivusly 1l with malarial fever and fhe effects of overwork tu the midsum- mer in Washington, The dlsease at one tima threatened to atfeet his right cye, sud the mus- cles fu the 1 of It were so reluxed thut for weeks tho eyo remalned almost entlrely closed, and serlous Injury to it was feared, E.B. W. e — . . A Dolls’ Fulr, The October number of ¥ide Awake announ- ces a pleasunt charitable Projun to be culled m S Dollg! Fuir.” Allthe littla girls fn the coun- try are to be invited to dress u doll and send 18 to Bostou,whers the dolls will be exhibited in competition for prizes, ten {n uumber, ofered for the best spechmens of * needlowork. At Chrlste mas the dotls are to be distributed to the sick children fu the public hospltals, oA i ¢