Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 23, 1876, Page 11

HUXLEY. Lectures on ‘' The Direct Evi= e dence of Evolution." Testimony of the Rocks Against the s Bix Days of Oroation._ Qrerpowering Objectlons to the Miiton. fan (or Mosaic) Hypothesis, Eridence of Birds and Fishos in Favor of the Dovelopmont Thoory. FIRST LECTURE, New York World, Sept. 10. At Chickering 1Iall last evening, Prof. ITux- oy dellvered the frst of 1uls scries of three lect- arta on “The Direct Evldenco of Evolutiou! Yl house a8 filed, and the sudienco was of ihe best. Prof, Huxley 18a man of medium helght and & ¢ stocky® bulld; hia® eyes are decp-sct under " shaggy, beetling brows; his palr ts abundont and dark, and his whiskers frow-gray. 1lo speaks with a 1llsp and dis- (inctly, though at times his volco falled gofll tho hall. His manner is casy sadl colloquial, and lic emphasizes his points by 2 quizzical furm of the hesd which s possibly fhe result of lieredity. The following is the substance of his lecture: A Wo live in the midat of a diverss and complex ayetems whicly, in its totality, wo call nasuro, and of the constitutlon and history of which we must form soma concoptlon. In relation to naturo we are, ndeed, but as mathemntical points—~shadows —areed shoken by the wind, but yet, as Pascal aays, WOALY {hinking recds who can form some aymbolical, cven though faint and inadequate, conceptlon of the ordor of univorss, Dby which no motlonal man ould hesitate to guide hls lifo and affalrg It has taken fong for man to lcarn to look steadily at {he grest phantasmagorla sad dlscern the stablo amid the flltting sud transitory, and it 1a onlyof fste tuat tho fdea of a pervading order catled natare hos emerged and bocome his galde. The Dotion of chanco has become Inconcelvable, and {urongh the study of natare man has coma to re- gard himself a8 the child of tho past, The belief + i possibic fnterferouca with the onder of nalurc become preposterous, and, whatever bo e e speclative boller ‘he' always ncts on the eupposition that effects Inov- Stably follow ~causcs aud naturs is con- stant, and this bascd on n brond and legitimate de- Yot all homan hellef, how- $uit accmingly sound, Is but a probable belief, and o brodest gencralization in but the highest de- recof probabllity. We cannot with absolute cer- £a5 ckend our generalirailun. Inia the past ot eny that ot some time effeet. did not follow case oy wiore. than wo can shy that thero Is & world oere two and two do- mot moke four, am tbe cautions man will admit there ‘may be. Dut the question of past %' o historical queation, and |, must Lo Hstt it un o we would_deal with any historleal subjoct. 1t §s nocessary to sce what facts wo have eating on the case, und what canons of history st bo applied to thom. Only threa hypothesos Bave ueen proposcd touching the matter. The st sesumon that the present order has alwaya oxisted. Ahovccond, that the present order has anly a lim- fied duration, whicl begnn suddonly al no very ro- moto period, 84 taught by Milfon In the” sove oo ook ot ‘Patadies Lost.” Tho ' third olds, olso, that the prosont ocsler lins had 'a luited duration, but proccedod Dy & natural procems from au_antecedent order, of Shleh it 1s imposaibic to aswlgn the begioning. Tho ot supposes that Liawstor e bick tha spectator mizat bo. placed ‘ho would ees tho world esscntially a# it now ls—ita wountains, Yatleys, slreams, ond sens, the same. 1] Typotheals has survived - from autiguity, and i4 ‘not Inconslstent with the geological, ab- solute_uniformitarisniam of Iiutton, of Whicn even Lycll wos opce o supportor. 1t ton obicrved that tho perturhutlons of ~ tho plancts righted thomnolves after awhile, and cune 1o the conclusion that the solar system was goif-ndministering, - From thin he imagined 1hat the general featurcs of the world romuin ns they are, and that therawaa o Hnilt Lo the succenn- ive development of aniimals and plants,—o bellof whieh wight logically fuply tho eternity of tho yould, [the sccond, or BMiltonian Lypotiiestr Lulds that the universe sppeared suddenly, and ita pirts worg orlured in six nutuml days. * On tho rst day lght apposred; on the second tho Srmament, with the ~ waters ubove and be- neath; on tho third the watcr drow away rom ho land, and such vegetabley as now cxlet np- ypeareds on the Aifth camo aquatic animals; on the Hixth (e carth yave birth to torrestrinl animaly, excepting birds, and then mnn appeared, and the work of creatlon eeased.» Methods uf interpreting tho flsbrew Lext bave boen found according to which_sny duration congolved o Lo necorsary may bo usslgnod as the length of the “dnY.‘ but the scheme of Milton; which fa thnt action from facte. nature's which all English-speaking peoples have beld, and whick wo lave all been taughty lcavts no doubt ns to what tho groat poct moant by the word—(the speaker horo rend an expository ‘mln o from ‘* Paradido Loat™). “I'io third bypothesis [s that of evolution, and Lolds that ot any qlvcn period in the past a state more or Jess llke the present has exiated, and that the framo of the universe may be traced back till its comporicnt parts separafo fnto tho nobulous matkr of which the sun was formed and the planots. The dlorn and fanna of the past arv not, indeed, Identical with those of the present, butarelike them, and the differonco increnses aa we recede In time, urFunlc 1ifo Locomin graduall simpler, untllsmlnp uam, tho physical basis of afl 1ife, is Toached, Beyond this nothing has been traced, though (nvestigation wonld probably ind the general forms of matter. Evldenco s of two ports, —testimonlal and clrcumstantial, —but npon cosmogony unl{ the inttor has & beariog, as tho caso necessarlly oxelodes the formor. The first liypothiesls, of the oternity of tha present state of thinzs, cannot bo verlfied, for It mqnlrxl therefor an eternlty of 'witneases In tfie first wort of evidence, and circnmatantiol ovidenco shows 1t to Lo untonable. The earth's Lut s composod of to, Krnnlln. otc,, and caro- at in ' varlous parts of the world rocks vrecisely the same as thoso Wwhich form tho earth's crust are in process of lormation, as, for Instance, onormous arcas ol thalk aro now oggregating on the bottom of the Atlantle. 1t.1a thua rendercd os certaln na any- thing can be that the 70,000 feet of rock be- noath us were deposited by natural agencles from the wash of the carth or by sntmals, lience the cruat bocomes arelativo measnre of time; the uppor must be youngrer; tho lower oldor, and in thiotn I8 o record of the history of the easth, Tho racks are full of fossils which tell sn unimpeach- sblo tale that the aulmals and plants not Tivip Biave i it o fampurary duration, sad e found almost nxclnl!lvl.'li n tho post-tortiary strata—the onu fmmediately bolow us. — As we proceed down- wards they become ntler sud scantiar, uud thelr places aro taken by others until, iu tho szolc time, all ate lost, ‘'hls noga- tives the cternity of the prosont conditfon of thinge, for thero was a (ime whea our flora und fiuna had no existenco. As to the third hypothe- #ly, it is not calfed the Liblical or Mosafc for soy- cral woighty reasons, ‘The apoaxer discarded such & titlo bucauiso his present business was not with the origin of thiugs and tholr causcs, but with thefr wmanner and order, and was thus strictly historical —not with Uie Why, but the When, snd in what order. Hesldes, when great scholars differ ng 1o the Interprotation of the biblical record it 15 not the place of a layman (o say what | it mcams, ‘They say It bas bven mlsinterproted, and aro at logierlieads 1ot only about whothor Muses over wrote the bocks or not, hiut what ita W nean, and then—what hos one who is not & Hobralet to do but stand and hlu&}lly wondor at the flexibility of o language whicl™un admig of such marvelous and variod doubt us to whii he wecane, and as the dovinne s as ho left 1, it is named for him, Men of selenconccept nothiug withont evidonce, and evon look on bullef without evidence not only as fllogical but lmmorsl, Fhere is no evidence for thigdoctrise; at all oveutd, in the multiplicity of Interpretations noue hus yet been forthcoming. 1t is possible, however, to ot at what3tlion meant, and show its error, lis plantd were thoso now lviny, which, If they were not, our present tlora must cither have been created subsequentl or developed from the origlual wtock, which fu contrary to bypothesis. There were no anlmsls fore ‘the fourtly doy, whon matlno crentures and birds appeared, tercesteial anlinsls not appears ing till the sixth doy. Ifiuthe rocks down toa tertain polnt we find terreatrinl anunals, it la cer- lain lhu{ imust all bo refurred to the sixth day, We Ond i the carboniferous strato fuuua like ourown, snd, it Milton is right, all Lbo rucks from the wlddle “of the Paleozoic must beloug to the alxth day, Aquatic animals come on the sixth day, hence ‘all formations contalning them must have been formed during or eince the fifth, But-thore are no fossti{ferous rocks in which thoy are not fonud. Kven the lowor silurian has them, snd anhinala existod ny long befure the coal forma- tlons au tho latter did bofuro w, Thua the whola lstory of the rocks is agalust Milton's hypotheals. Agaln, thero in no traco of birde fu the Devonian, Yuctw thoy should b by hyruuml-. and the evi- ,‘.m“ ylelded by the fishes fs of tho sawmg sort. i Jfucks show that thoy have exlsted an ‘gulznumn length of * time, and that ‘"l; Wholg surfaco of tho earth bas changed. Thas cortaly that so late as tho cretaceous epoch hm"". aot one of the eurth's presont great [“J-xlm featurea—no Hllmalayas, no Alps, no tocky Mountatus; thess have been graduall o up, as 16 proved by tho fact Thak an thelr Liaks aru uassce of cretaceaus fuck from tho bot ’?"f the auit holding marine fossils. There By been - alternations of g and land, cocsry sud open ucean, fauns and ilora; bub 20t o gives us 3 Hglit to Lollevo that thoro hus 1 oty breok o the contiuuity of uatural o hero hay been no_cataclysm, delugo, s udden dstruction of orguntcife, oF break bes st fonmnutlons; ono foria has disapueored und o M| Ifl ‘e:‘l‘;l‘n.:n‘-hlu" '“-f“,; How Llj\lwpr‘vl‘ulll calat Tho succeeding leclures ‘A‘n‘.d"g“"“'“" Goutral evidonco for- to docr l‘hn of evolution; sccondly with the evidenco Tuakes i4 probable, ek 1 il s o b o tbirdly, with -that auy uvldonce snd Nataro iad not & malevolent pnrpose to astray, folly establishen It 2 a true theory. BECOND LECTURE, Nes York World, Sept. 21. Prof. Iluxley delivered tho sccond of his lec- tures on “The Direct Evidence of Evolution” at Chickering {{a)! 1nat evening, The audience was cven larger than that of Monday, and tho Professor's easy, unoratorical stylo sccmed very _acceptable to it; he - spoke slinply aa {f address- ing o class of fntelligent men and women who had come together to learn something he had to tell them, Thelr close and respoctful attention showed that hie wan right. 1o began hia lectare with a brief statoment of what hio had alroady shown—ths untonabilily of that hypothicais which would have the tlul history of tho carth otormally liko the, preser und thio avarpowering objoctions ta the Miltonisn hypotha. sle that tho carth waa created but a shiort time ago, with the fauna and flora which exist at prosent, It was of little moment whether Milton was or was not the author of the hyqnlhu inany care the objections to it remained tha samos . histurical evi. dauco completaly disproved It. The doctrine of evolution -&mt ‘mats {8 the last resultof a sorles of natural pfuccenen in which thero lina Leen no Interruption or break of any sort. This doctrine ho would now teat und sce how far evidence bear- ing upon it wan Indifforont—thnat in, made noithar for nor agalnat it; how far evidence rendered it probable, and Instly, liow fiemly it established it ns a trutit, *The mort, Torcible argument over urged againat evolution wns that which Cuvler first ad- vaneed in opposition Lo the views of Lamarek, Tho expedition to Egypt had brought back to Francs mummifled snlinale which had once been worshiped, and which, na has since heen shotvn, must have éxisted 4,000 or 5,000 yesrs ago, Cuyler examined theao for the purpose of sceing what foundation there was for the Lellef fo-a gradani change and progressive dovelapment in animals, and found, by comparison of thelr wkelctons with those of 'similur animaln yot living in ligypt, thot no chiango had taken place, Hence ho too hantity concluded thut, in 0 far, evidenco waa againat evolution, But advmicing roscarch soon furnished even sironger cancs than this, Near the whirlpool at Risgara, o upon Gout Tnlond, in a superficial do- posit, in which are the perfectly prozerved remaina Gf animals whoso sholls Aro preclkely the same as thoso now found in Lnko Erle. The formation of the conntry showa that theso shells were dopoaited when the Tnko covererdl the whola of that region, and, thoroforo, before tho Falls had cut thelr way back through tho gorgo of Niagar, a distance of aix miles, it is within buunds to'say that the greatost rato at whicli that cutting was done was one fuot a yoor, and, an there are about 30,000 fect in slx miles, wo concludo thal the hell-tish, whoso remains are found therc, must have 1ives 90,000 years ago; yot they are prociacly liko those rmv;' {]1.\ tho Inke, showing no chauge in that long perio Yet oven this s not tho strongest caao offeradd in evidence, Tho founa and floru of the Cretaccons epoch ara like ours; the lobigerinm of which chalk 18 compnscd wero anlmals auch ns those whuse re- malnn arc notv forming chalk deposlts at the hot- tom of the ocean, Aa Lhat it must bo admitted that cortain apecics hive not changed since the Crota- ceous epoch, 1f, then, wo lovk at l{pu and gen+ cra, a vastly grestor time miust be nlfowed to these persistont forma. The berae found in the English chalk i now feprescnted by u closely allied specie in tho Atlantic and Pacific; and still furthier back tho coal formations contaln scorpions hardly dis- tinguishable from thiore of our own day, and when wo conslder the cnurmous thne that hne elapsud slucy the Carboniferous cra ended, the abjection ansumen astounding proportions, 11 [t alono is to Lo considered, At the bottom of the Silurian, in the Cambrian formation whero fossils arc raro, thero are yet remaina of molluscs hordly distingulshible from those of the urescnt, and were once classed with thiew, a8 is the anclent lingula similar to that of wodern' Australin.. Objectlons llke these roem fatal to the doctring of evolution for which the modification of animal forma lsa ncccasary postulate. RBut at this point thie rescarches ot Durwin lend ft thelr ald, in that thoy have shown the exlsfence of the tivo great fac- tora 1 the process of evolutiop—frst, the fendency o varlation, which i praved by the ‘blacevation of all living, formie, and, secon Iy, tho Influence of surrounding conditions upon puront forms and thelr dercondants, — The tendency to vary belng granted, tho survival of the patent forms or tholr crivations depends on circumstances; §f the con- dittonn favor tho derlved forms, tho parents disap- jone: 1f they favor tho parent furm, it survives. In Pio Tatter caso there 18 'no advance'of typo, and in the formor there will be no mudisication and change of form. This puts 1% in a position to ray that the poralstence of types, 8o far from makiug against evolntion, favors it. Tho scorpions which flour- fahied in tho Carboniferous poriod persiated better than any derived forme, noris thero renson to be- Tevo that, in favorablo' clrenmstances, they might not enduro forever, This oblection s, then, no objeation. 1t is indlfferent; it tells neithor ou one slde or thoother. - 3 KL po =y Another opder of fact calls for ‘thosame Inler- retatfon. The greut group of lizards which run Dack to the Permiun, Just abovo the cual formation, differs but llttle from onr present ronr. and, 1f the enormous length of time they endured be taken into consideratlon, the slightness of the chany remarkable. As wo go furtlier VLack, nud there niud no teace of llzards or reptiles, it Is cloar that tha docteino of evolution would be ovurthrown It the formatfons wo examine ropresent the wholg surics of facta In rogard to the life or ahsonce of 1ifo at the thme when they wero lakil. Hut here, with Lyell and Datwin, Wo must consider how vury lmperfect Ia that record of thie rocks, 1t lns comploteness can be demopstratod lrrulrufiuhlg: obliteration of traces has been yrought by tho action of water, and the metamotphosis of “rack under great beat, Motamorvhic rocks are found {n all nges, and where we know they must at one time have helil remaine. o show th inadequacy of tho objection to evolutioniets, that where thelt evldenco fuils, thoy maka shift to sny thut it has been dostroyed, the Lrontozoum (bird) tracks eo aobondantly fonnd In the rocks In the Connecticut . Valloy—the tracka ate there, and of o hiped with a siride of fect . fnclies, yot mover haw n bono or fenthor be- Jonging to it been found—all Lut the record of the foot uq\rm what then was the Flcldlng wnndy scashore hns boen oblitorated. it thercfore, demonstrably fallnclous to conclude thut animats did not cxist far back in tho night uf time, for the sole renson that no recordl of them remalns. Al such cases aro huditTeront In thelr henring on evo- 1ution; thoy make neither for nor againat it, We now come to the consldoration of facts which do not, Indeed, demonstrate evolutlon, but which, if thiat'doctrine bo true, would necessarily exbat, and are o far forth In {ta favor. 1f evoluifon fs truo, it followa that anlwala and plants, however diverse, must have been developed In gradunted forms, ' From the highest forma of nulmal and vegetuble 1fe to the luwest gelatinous noner, com- posed merely of protoplusm, tha steps must have Leen gradunt If the doctrine 1s to staud, - When we now look at naturs we find that the fauna and flora fall Into groups whose members are like -cach atlior, but yroups which are widely separated, and Detween which no intermedints forms are found, artaking of some of the characterstics of each. Riatimals, birds, reptiles, are sharply defined there 1 'no intoriacdinte between mammal and bird, bird and reptile. Within one of thewa divia- fous there are, for Intance, the numerous family of pigs and ruminants, but between thom fs mo connceting link; #o of tho crocadiles, lizaris, turtles, snnkes, etc., there aro absolute breaks botween them. Tf 1t could bo shown that thia state of things hnd always existed o deadly blow would huve been struck against th theoiy s If, on the othor kand, we can show that the dilferénces wera not alwoys such 88 they aro now, and that the Lreaks dld nut once exiut, the dactrine will recolve most matorlal ald, thougih 1t will not be estabilshed, From the time that Cuvier dlscoverad the anaplothoriune fn the quarrles of Montinartre the concluslon has Loen ineyieable, Tho auuplotherium Is a fossll ‘yunhy- derm intermedinte between the pigaand niminuuts, and thut gap was closed; but yot rencarch shiowed no conncting link botween birda and reptiles, now o l‘lflrply defined, and to this lut us turn out at- cntlon, more widely different, the birds belns feathercd, snd walklnis on their hind lo ently o) |“mxlmnllnu nut atall to reptil Yqenil birds aro everywhote abundant in ary rocks, but they, cven tho oldest, ars kv thoss of tho gru-onl day. A few years g0 no remaina of birds had been’ dlutnvarm{ Lelow tho tertiary, d tmen wero nol wonting who prophesicd that ‘nons “would™ ever bo found there, Of Inte, however, a few lave becn obecrved in the Jowur rocks In Englund, sud uro sbundant in the cretaccons formations in Auierics, Whers I'rof. Marsh hes fonnd specimens wholly unknown bofore. The Aesperornia regails in tho Inter crotaccous was a bird six foct high, snd re- sembledtho roptiles fn this, that {thind (woth. Beforo tuia discovory thu possession of teoth oxciuded an snimal froni the binds, and it was thus rendered nocausary to modify ou fdua of tho chiaractoristics ol 8, 0 cassowary, also unlike birda In parts of its anatomy, lo rondurs necessary & chanja of tho old views in rogard to birds. In the middlo of the Juraealc formatlon there was found one foather imbedded in slate, which bulonged to a bird long unknawn, but one snecimon of which was subuos (vwmly fourd, which unfortunately was without ita hieadl, wo that it {8 impossiblo to ‘say whether 3t hod teeth or not; its hind lege wero thoss of a bird, but it vortbras Wera uniike thoss of any bird now uxlating, 1t lad, moruovur, the tall of & reptilo, but with feathers, and its winge woro like those of ‘n n"‘mlfl‘:fi:’:.‘. ‘;flrl:'l fl‘he.r- "gs"u found midway be. voun ptiles—a bird witl \ ehind, lmln;eplhuho{ol‘u, ‘;’l b Suathered tall “[iest cases fuvor uvolution and ah csaeacs and groups and lllled the g ut it 1s poauibl to All this gap yot mure strikinge 1y, In the mesozole rocke aro” fonsi fiying crous tures of huge proportions, with hiead and neck of Diorodactyls, with shiort oF long tails and pnou- matlc cavities fn thoir bones, and tha largo breast Dbon of the'blrd, but whoss anterior imba woro not bird's wlyg while their posterior b wora roptilian, Througliout the mesozolo racks arg huge lgusnodons, megulvsaurd, eto, of grost diversity of structure, soms ko [fzards sud crocodifes, snd others with tho hind limbs of o bind. The gradution from tho crocudile, throngh the dingsuar, to tho blrd, ls wondor. fully well marked, and shows another link be- twoen tho binds snd reptiles, the hiud llmba do. veloping and the sntcelor ones dwindliug. The compaognathus_longipes, with bird's head, with focth: and smanl foro-ioze, sud birt's biud. necded feathers to o bird, for, In Cixsuwny's caxe, tecth smay exist Jna bird, Un. doubtedly they' walked, nnd probably §t {s theie tracks tht ary'socn 1 the rocky. Thoy were prob- ably thy trausitioual form, In popular estimatlon o two groups aro winged, P uow existing. Obscure Passnges. A good story, o Goubt mythical, is told of Jacob Bochuiy, the cobbler, fanious for his ro- found philosophleal works, On-his death ed "THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, SEPTEMB R 23, 1876—TWELVE PAGES. mon | his disciples came to him, eager to obiain ex- Tanntions of obscuro passages in hin writinge ofore he wns taken away, o relleved their difficultics witha aingle nxm{lflon. Ono passaga puzzled him, and bo sald, ** My cblldren, when L Ferote (his 1 understood the meaning, and no doubt tho Omnisclent God did. He may still remember It, but Ihayo forgotten,” A almilar Incident is told of the German poet Klopstack, which has the advantage of being true. S8ome of his adinlrers made nu{ullrncy from Gottingen to Hlamburg to see him In his old age, and to ask him to explain a diflicult passags in his works, Thoy wers young students and running over with enthusloam. Klopstock recelved ~ them graciously, read the !mnnge, and then said, * I cannot recoltect what Imeant when I wrote it} but I remember It waa tho finest thing I cver wrote, and you cannot do better than devote your lives to the discovery of 1ts meaning." e e—— THE HOME. POISONED SBUGARS, « Tn the Kditor of TAe Tritube, Liknn Fonesrt, Sept, 31.—Your correspondent #Q " says that no * testimony of real valuo” Das heen glven in relation to sugar. Let mo ask, What !s tho most relfable testimony in relatlon to the nature of alcoliol, nux vomlen, arsenlc, aconits, ote.? Is it not tho effect pro- duced by them? You do not demoustrate thelir character by phiflosophical theorles, or chemls- try, or anllization, but by actugl experiments, which will detarmine thelr effect on animal life. Chemistry and analysls may be summoned to your ald In many cascs, but they are not the grand test. Such testimonics have been given from time to timo in Tus Tninuse, showing that much of the sugaris pernicious to Invalids, More might be given. . Will you cotircly ignoré that kind of testimony! More than this, it ins heen sliown that polsans aro nscd -in refining, The only question yot to be solved fs, Cau they contaminate the sugar itself 1 Ho also asks, Why doos not Mr. Rossiter em- ploy a chemiat to make an cxamination of our sugars? A very appropriate answor would be, Beeause your correspondent will not contribute his proportion of funds to foot the bills. It isn very casy thing to demand of othors that thoy should spend thelr money freely for the benefit of thoso making the demnnd. If Q' §s anx- fous to obtain the kind of {nformation lic calls forlet him put his hand in his own pocket and make o iberal contribution to W:Iy the chemist's fce. Unless he 1s willing to do so, let him nim make no such demand of others, Mr. R. has no more interest In the question than Mr. Q, and there {8 no moroe reason why he shoulddo it then othicrs. s But, 84 it happens, Mr. Mariuor has made an onalysls of o fuw samples, and probably an ace curate one, for e has’heen several weel do- ing it. Ilis report reads as follows: SrPr, 10, 1876,—Tlhis certifion that I have re- celved three samples of sugar made by onerefinery, and four made by another, and that T have teste the snmo for load, coppor, tin, zinc, and other metallic and mineral impuritics, and havo found in a1l of sald samiples tin, iron, and sulphate of lime. G, A, Manisen, Auntytical Chomist, No. 77 South Clark street. No exceptlon will be taken to the iron and sulphate of lime. But tho tin {5 objectionable, though hie only found it in very small quantitics, Befentlfle men have made but few investigations in rolation to its polsonous character, Bomo ox- Purlmcnu haye been mada on dogs to sce how ong it would require forn fow graine to lnflame tho stomach 80 as to' causo death, Not hav- fng the work by me, 1 cannot give tho precise report. ‘A healthy man lins & more sensitive stomach than a dog: therefore, it would require much less to kill him, far less to almply Inflame his stomach, and still leas to fn- flntno the stomuach of o dyspeptic. In proof of the susceptibility of tin to produce discass ia the fact that swcet milk, kept In tin for 10 or 12 hours, will_cause pain In o delicate dyspeptic stomach, If eo,. it I8 ressonabio to suppose that a minuto quantity in sugar will have the samo effcet, and in courso of time makd dye- {:L-ptlcf al those who otlicrwiss would not have een sick. Belleving that cxperimentation should bave its due proportion of Influcnee In deciding this question, I trust I shall bo pardoned for pre- senting some of my own experience. By way of dpology for*dolng 8o, perhaps-I-onglit to - form the reader that I have been nn fivalld for mulx( years, with allmentary organs far morg sensitive than mnost invallds. Conscquently I am able to detcet polsons in alimentary sub- stances more readily than most p:nlple. Buch being the fact, somc will say thut Tought to haye considered ming an excéptionnl case, and noever have obtruded my oxp:rionce and views on others, I certainly should not have done it had 1 not obscrved others suffering from the use of sugars, und hecome woll convinced that there must be a very large number who were being hastened to o’ premature grave by thelr use. Fortwo years previous to last May, I used Mesars. Moller & Sons' sugars freely, without belng consclous of any ovil results. As thelr sugars dre now out of market I determined to experiment with other brands to test thelr ef- feet on myself, malnly with the purpose of reporting thie result, Itried tho first sample two days. It cansed no pain, but produced profuss plle hemorrhago, so that in the three suceceding days I lost more blood than during the two previous years. The second sample, after about four duys' use, produced a littlo pain and slight hemorrbage. The third pro- duced fmmedlate pain fn the stomach, followed by pain i the bowels. The paln was go sovers that I did not persevere long enough to ascer~ tain whether hemorrhage would result or not. ‘This was the same brand of sugaras one of thoso analyzed by Mr. Mariner, The pain may huve been produced by the tin, or it ay have been caused by o deterioration of the biody of the sugar by lead, or other chemicals used for claritylng, and which bad afterwards been ex- pelled or neutralized. 1t appears from Mr. Mariner's report that no lend wus found in theso samples, which un- -doubtedly detmonstrates tho truth of Dr. Scof- fern's statement that the Jead might bo neu- tralized, nt lcaat to such an extent that it could nat bo, found h{ analysis. 10 this was true with these sumples, it probably would be with ather brands. Butl this may bo true, and yot the sugars be contuminated und ‘de- terforated’” by the lemd and other chainieals 20 a8 to be indeod polsonous, though the particles of lead may have been neu- tralized.- It certalnly would bo strange if tliese poisonous chewleals, fermenting through the mass of the Augar, did not produce some change in ft, contaminatiue It 80 na to be deteterious to anlmul 1ife, especiatly to the Invalld cinss of community. ‘There uro many things destrifctiva of _healti'and life which no” chemlst can reach ond detect. The chemlst will tell you that In some cascs whera tivo bodics come’ln contact, the one wiil affect the other, llmufih uo particlo of the ong can be found in the other by annlysfs, If thisis the case, fs thero nnz absurdity in_ Lelloving that, when sugar has been fermented by active polsons, they shoull change fts charactor and contaminate it, though the particles of that poiton have been removed? I1f homeopathie medlelnes, where the polson s too trifing to be u:ml;lzud. affect auimal life, may not such sugars also’ Evory one will adinit that in malarial dlstricts the alr {4 poisoned, so as to rrodm varfous fevers and agucs, Yot no chewnlst ean discover any particles by analysis which produce so vast un” amount of sickucss as we find In such dfs- triets, As well might the ubjector reason that disense was not caused by the polson in the air, as toasscrt that sugar which hus been contamin- ated by polson Is not pernicious, becauso the particles of that polson have becu remaved, Many flylsemu complain that they caunot cat coru-nical, ns it causes a burning sonsation in the stomach, This 1s coused by heating a tritlo when ground, as it {s allowed ta fall intc a heap in 8 warm condition, That this i the cauno i evidont from the fact thut thoy can eat thot which has been treated difforently. The robability I3 that it has not recelved sufllclent ujury so as to bo detected by the chemist, Anjcer on the part .of the mother will affect her milk 8o us to cause much suffering to the nuraing {ufaut. But what chemist belisyes that o cun dotect the causc by analyslst Ieuce wo aflirm that It s dungerous to usa Teudly polsons In the preparation of avy all- mentary substanco, even € they ure removed so that thi chemist cannot dotect them, The all- mentary orl\nm of obscrving dyspoptis cun do that which ls beyond the power of analysis, Thoir sensitive organs will deelde tho matter more conclusively” than the dxclx;fl: Bong of thicae invallde have already spoke 'ripugh Tax Tuinusy. dany others might and ofight to do w0, but they will not take tho time and trouble, Casos like tho following are additionn! proof of ths character of sufinr: gentleman sald that ho used sugar (rculy, 111 Lo saw tho discussion In Tux Triuse. Ho then reduced the quuntity to the lowest mini- mum, and his health had been groatly hnproved a4 a consequence, Another gentléman wasn crent sufferer with pains (n the stomach and hes, A friend, dining with him lately, told him that sugar was {he cause. o dlscon- tluued fls uso,and in 8 week declarcd that o waa a new mau, It had revoluticnized him, But let us return from this digresston to m experhnents with wifferont brands of sugar. tried two other kinds of grapulated for about a fortnight each. Durlug that thme I perceived 1o deraugement of any of my alimontary organs from’ their use. Icould not pronounte them erfect su) or uzuu to those made b csars. Mol from this brief experiment, Tonger uro of th might ps develop old complaints or soms other, ‘The fact, however, that I could use them' two weeks without per- ceptible Injuty to iy niimentary organs atainps them, in my o;l:m!nn, far superior Lo any other samples that 1 cxperimented with, In what way the{ are refined I know not, but belleve they eiftier use different chemlcals from the others, or more perfectly antidoto them, The manufactureraare Booth & Edgar, of New York, and Wood, Weeka & Co., of Baltimore, 1 haye heaftated about expressing iy oplnfon of thelr sugars, lest b{ commending them I should Indirectly do an Injustice to others who may posalbly make aa o 8u, as [ think they to. If 1 should discover any other brand that I could eonalder of the better classl should bo very happy to commend it If any one cares to obtaln my opinion, In the Inst article the statement of a dealer was quoled, saying that sulphur was used. Mr, Mariner saya that it Is not probably used in the form of free sulphur to clarify the sugar, but in the form of nulplmrny‘ scld gas to neutrallzo the lead. L, RossiTen. — JIOME DECORATIONS, To the Editor;af The Tribune. Cmicaco, Bept. 20— Allegra" last week touched upon the very thing that I meant to suggest,—nnmely, that we should discuss some- thing in our * Home" column hesldes what we might eat, drink, or'wear. Of course, woare obliged to conslder thoge three things, but if we could Just fIll a littie corner of that department cach week with ways o maoke home pleassnt, ‘how nice it would be. First among home pleasures I would put fiowern. 1f you are £oo poor to have a carpet on your floor, do havé s flower in your window. Tho sight of it will rest you when you are weary, and its frogrance will drive nway many of the carcs of your life and fill your mind with B Bweet pesce. 5 ‘Then, when Jack Frost breathes upon our trees and turns thelr leaves into all sorts of rich and beautiful colors, take a large book—Patent~ Offive Reports are splendid—and his you into the streets and parka—the walk will de you good—and gnthersome of the loveliest leaves and put them between every third leaf of your book. Then wlhen you ars Yested, or the next day, take a lump of becswax, & moderately hot fron, nndurlocu of brown paper. Lay thu paper on something,—n table or board,—puss the wax over the face of the iron, and, placing one leaf atn time upon the paper, pass the fron quickly averlt. Bo careful not to have the iron fwo hot. Your leaves nost will retain thelr brilllan- ey all wintor, ond are ftady for use. They look lovely interapersed with ‘prossed ferns, vines, and flowers, grouped around pleturcs an brackets, und looped (4 window-curtaius, Use small pinato fasten thym to the wall, . "Tlfen you ean, with 'fery little truuble, make n cornucopin of perfd@ted cardboard,—~work it with two shades of bruwu zephyr In squares or tiny acorns; suspead % with cord and tassel of €06 zephyr, and Ml it:with dried grosses, ferns, and leayes, and it cant€fall to please. Icould tell you niinberiess ways of using gututnn leaves, and’$hc Jovely way of orna- menting flower potsjsrith thew, but will let that walt anothier timg and tellyou now how to muke n slipper case 'fgr your husband, or your brother would “ll;l“w‘m it elther, and trust me you will not bo téoubled un{ noro pleking up Blippers ‘after “i§ mighty hi gone down-town in :hn.murnmf." Procuro some pasttboard—a Jarge box will do —and some 10 tent.\domestic, Now cut one plece of tho pasteboard sumething in the shape of a shicld, abont 18 fnches long and 11 inches wide in the widest pn{t; thls fs for the back fece. Forthe front, tut o plece Just liko the back, only shorter and about an”inch wider. Cut for ¢ach ploco of phe pasteboard two pleces of the domestic, glowlug room for a keam, h run up oo’ thu.rmc hine, leaving o hole ighness ”? has cnough to slip: 3o pastebonrd "y, wnd stich that part up by ldud. Now arrango at the bottom and top of the front plece a tiny group of ferns, and In thocentre form thie word % Slippers .of pleces of ferns; fasten these in taco with pins or needles, and spatter them. “suppose every one kitows how to * spatter,” s0 I need not deseribo, it. For the back plece, grrange o few ferns at the top merely, andpntters and, when dry, sew the two pleces togethge with strong thread; form n box:pleating.. dot skirt-braid, and sew around tho e aud” you have completed n cheap nnd very handsome |lel)er4mw." Just one word more before I close this some- what lengthy artlcle. Never Jet John come hame and get his slippers out of the caso hln- self. Let Aim put them away in the mornlug, Dut you zet them out I the evening, and' place them before the grate, draw up the casy chalr, and place his dresalng-gown on it. It won't oceupy you sive minutes, and though it's n littlo thing, yet 1ife Iaiade up of *little things,”” and when the poor, tired fellow eomes home at nizht, do let hlin always find that grate- ful “little welcomo ™ ready for him. Mgrs, J. C. I A TURKISIT BATH FOR 6 CENTS. To the Editor af The Tribune, Detnorr, Sept. 20.—In your last #C, M. W.» asks for a recipo for * beef loal” This {s mine; 1 am sure 1t will please: Tuko two pounds of beefsteak, chopped very fine; three well-beaten eggrs; o half-teacupful of grated cracker, Make into a Joaf, aud bake ono hour. Senson to taste. One of your correspondents some tine ngo asked for sowe hints on cleanliness. Frequent applleations of water are very good, but 1 have found alcoholic vapor Uaths nost admirable agencles for the promotion of cleaulluess and health, My mothod Is simple; anybody, no matter how situated, can practice it. Seat the patlent, naked, in a wood-bottomed cllr, and wrap him, chaic and all (his bead excluded), in one or two woolen eheets or blankets, 80 as to form an alr-tlght cuvelope ex- tending to the floor. Put under the chalr o small tin ean with two or three ta- blespuonfuls of nlcohal. Too muchs sleohol will nuke so much of o Dlaze 08 to ainge the Ecuun instead of sweating him, - Ignlte the aleo- 0l, and be very careful that the blankets ex- clude the air, 1f the heat I8 too great you can reduce it by ralsing the blankets a little from the floor. 'The patfent will soon sweat frecly, and more freely ot some times than others; s some persons will sweat much quicker than others, Drinking frecly of old water will frequently ald * perspiration. In most cases 10 or 15 minutes will suflice. Jeware of swcating too much, 1113 un excellent lan to put the fect {n warm water while in l‘hu bath, When Lmra iratlon is profuse, then tuke the persan out and treat to a hosty and vigorous serulibing with soap and warm water, endeavoring 1o rub the skin u}: with the fingers and thumbs, One takiug a bath for the first time will be astonished at the amonnt of scurf skin that will be startad, which will often cover the body in little rolls or pelleta; und these ellets will afford evon to those who take the Entlu conthnunlly an amazing proof of the amount of dead and disease-bearing matter the system {8 continually throwing off, After the scrubbing Is concluded, wind "up with two or threo showera (n commou flower-pot will do first-rate), begiuning with moderately warm wuter and gru\vlll;{ gradually cooler until you et it ns cold as tho person can well endure, 'hen wipo dry, ond do it quickly, and guard against taking cold, both durlug dud after the process. Bonio persons ma; benetlt from the and in very appear to oxperiencs no irst two or three baths, many LASDB the first one leaves the ' patlent some. what onfeebleds but it thoy will persevere, using Judgmont n thei application and carcfully sludying tho offects upon thelr systome, thoy will fiot bo likely to abandon thes In thecass of colds and similar ‘affections I bave found them invaluable. Very fow gons can take them oftencr thun twice a week; and those try- {ng them for the lirst time should be careful ogralust taking them too frequently. "Theso buths, as buve described them, fold_ bout il that s really benuileind n the celebrated Turkish Dath (price ll‘. and the cost of theso can hardly, upon tho wildeat cstimato, excood flve cents, ’Tlxnf leave the person utely clean, with a dellghtful consciousnesa of the fact; und they ulso tove up and atrengthen the system in mauifold ways, 1 read the Housekeeping Departinent of” Tus TrinuNe with religlous care, und am bucommfi enthustaatic on th subject of # Attritlon four and the * Horsford bread preparation’ Lug, unfortunately, I do pot know where to procure them, Don't you think the proprictors ought to ndvertise them In Tus Trinuset Nond of the millers or storckeopers hore have overheard of them. Mus, ¥, s, ¥ U By —— GRAPE JELLY, ETC. b ihe Kditor af The Tribune. Cnioaao, Bept. S1,—I am much Interested in your Homs Dopartment, and often feol moved tospeak totho “alsters ! who contribute, Am glad you recognize * woman's right to a speclal portion of your valuablo paper, and hope it will always be filled with valuable matter. This matter of domestlo oconomy Is worthy of more attention than ft receives, and presents wmany perplexiug probloma which experience alone can aolve. Bolet us *tell ourexpericuce,” 1€ 1t is worth telling. 1 send some reclpes, which I bopo vou will printy ' Grapo Jelly.—Ifyou wish for s beautifulamber- colored Jelly, quite tart and nico to cat witn ments, s nm‘n:a cntirely green, Remove stena, and wash the frult; r with eold water and cook until soft; straln through n flannel bag with llttle pressurc; measure out cqual quantitfes of julce and sugar; bofl the *nlw. and akim It untfl quite clear; meantimo hent Lhe sugar iufldng care njot to brown it),and, after lmmm; the two together, boil 10 minutes, or until you have felly.” I pursuc the same courss in making other kinds of jelly. Most kiuds of fruft_should be used beforo quite ripe to he sure of firm jelly. I use a triangular jelly bag. A Nice 8tmple Pudding.—For a pudding-dish holding two quarts, take a cup of tapioca or sago; wasli it 3 cover with water, ndding a pinch of salt; pare and slica six or clght good-sized apples, choosing those that cook easily; put those ina dish with gugar according to taste, and Ml the dish withcold water. “Bake until theapple is thornu);hly cooked; stir occasion- ally to prevent the forming of a crust and to wix n‘lluln and sago, ' It Issometimes nceeasar toadd u little hot water. If tho pudding covered whils enokdige, 1t will require less atten- tlon. [ itke Lo cover most puddings in the oven until nearly done to prevent drylniz up or burn- gy and for that purpose it {s” well to have s tin cover made without solder,—the handle riyeted. The above pudding requires two hoursor mare for haking, aceording to the Txnlll& of ag'»- ples used. Some may vrefer it stiffer. It should e turned out of the haking-dish while hot, and ay be molded like blane mange. May be eaten warm or cold, with sugar and creant. To Remove Stains.—Aimost any Ink-stain which has not been washed may be removed by the use of sweet milk and salt, boiled together. Dip the spot as soon as the milk bolls. -When cool enough to handle, rub the spot. Itis sometimes necessary bo heat the milk morethan once, or use fresh milk if the first {s much dis- colored. With ne this has neyer failed to re- maove fresh spots, cyen if very large; and often removes those that have long beon dry,—also other atains than thoee of fnk. A solution of oxallcacid will remove ink and fron-rust,~probabaly many other stains,—but shiould be used withi caution, as it Is a powerful acld, and {f too strong o solution {s uscd wny remove the cloth wllE the spot, or make it very tender. This, too, is best suitpd to white goods, though I didonce use it on black and white calici, and, tomy purprise, the black was uot changed. Inever tried either of thesoformildew. Haveseen chloride of lime recommended for that, aleo enlt wet with tomato-juiee often re- newed, laying the article stafued upon tlnfiurm. S, — SALT RISING BREAD. 5 T the Editor of The Tribune. “Hoostzrbox," Sept. 18.—1 send you n rec- Ipe for * Salt Rlsing Bread * which I think *¢ Faith * will find to be easier and better than any s yet published, 1 will also scnd an ex- cellent recipe for mixed plekles. Salt Rising Bread.—Take a stone jar (or a pitcher will do) thut wili hold about two quarts and a half; scald it out with bot water; then put Into It o pint of water just warm enough to bear your floger in, a tenspoonful of salt, and flour enough to maxe a thin batter. Put the jar into akettle of warn water; cover it and st ft by the side of the stove where §t will keep warm. After it hgs romained there quite a while, water nnd bubbles will come on the top; then stir in thoroughly more flour until quite thick, and let it remain until it s risen to the top, or ring, nearly. Put flour Into a pan; pour {n a pint o water Just warm etiough to hold your hand inj then pour in_your rising and” mix. ~Work it well, ond” then make Into loaves; put Into your psns; grease the tops of your loaves with butter, and set in a warm place torise, When light cnough, bakein a inoderately hol oven one hour. If the rising doesn’t seem inclined to come up, set the kettle on top of the stove for a few mfnutes. . ° Mixed Pjckles.—Mix one-hall pound of the best English ground mustard; one-half cup of sugar, with a little cold viuegar, Pour tuls into 1 pint of boiling vinegar; let it boll a few min- utes, and pour over the pickles. One quart luryre cucambers sliced thing one pint smail eu cumbers; one pint of onlons sliced; oue quart of green tomatoes sliced,—und eplee to the taste, Let the cucumbers, onfons, nnd tomatoes stand fn salt over night; draln off and scald in vinegar, and then pour over then the above mixture. A READER OF TiE TRIBUNE. IIAY-TEVER AND RICE CAKES. To the Editor of The Tribune. Cnicaao, Sept. 2L.—Your Jacksonville corre- sponident suggests the Home Department of Tue TrinuNe should entarge its feld and em- brace other subjects of houschold Interest. The suggention is a good one. The “Iome” will becone monotonous with its constant flow of recipes for bread aud cake, unless the Practieal ‘Woman should throw a bombshell Intoits ranks Ly telling its readers that meat-caters aro dis- gusting and not acceptable to the Lord. The patriarchs were great meat-caters anyway, and thiey were in constant communication with God; and 1 don't belleve four rows of sulld double teeth were pus into every human mouth merely to masticate bread und vegetables. Bomo Indies ou tho strect-cars were discus: ing “hay-fever.” They ogroed ft wasa llte ary discase, It1sto bo hoped Dr. Wyman has Iall down no such principle in his bouk, or wa should be flooded with catarrh and {llustrated papers. There s one peculinrity of hay-fever. A member otw!four chrel is troubléd with chronle bronchitlz, The lottest days of sum- wmer if thie wind changes to the north the throat will hosk up und become scratehy and sore. The last three summers, about the 1st of Auguet, hay-fever has supervencd and ail frri- tution has feft the thront, Lo resume )ta sway after tho fever had subsided. Con 1t Do that nuture sets up an action in one organ to relicve um;thcrl 1If ko, hay-fever Is u blessing in dis- gulse. Rice Doughnuts—Take two teacups of rice; botl In o bag till it becomes o thick nnss, nud the eralns have lost thelr shape; bent three cgis, and tix with the rice; o littlo it udd gour aufliclent to make it work in shape ke un oblong donghnut, Ieat about two pounds of lard, and fry o light brown. They should be ut in und takew out on s skimmer to keep helr shape sprinkle sugar over and serve hot} dress with preserved frult, maple sirup, or houney, cte. ¥ GRAPE JELLY. 70 the Editor of The Triduse. Cuicaao, Sept, 22.—In the Hlome Department M. B.” nsks some one to send lier some re- cipes. I wil tell her how to make grape jelly: Take green grapes when Just n few on the bunches are beglnnlug to turn; stem and wash; put Into a porcelain kettls (nover uso brass, or anything bLut a stlver spoon—somnc do): just a little water to keep from burnfng il they beglu to break; cover aud let them boll up pretty well, Turn out into au carthen dish to cool. Pouroff ull the julee you cau without syueezing. Pour this through your jelly-bug, and it will be clear and beautiful. Put otsunl parts of sugar, and boil hard ten minutes, Boil only a llittie—twa collee-cups of fulve at a time. This will il two felly-glasses. Take off all the akin, and it will be Oright and ele Put the rest of the fruit, a Httle ut a time, into the bug oncl squeeze well, and ke the same; will be 88 good, but o shade darker. Sometimes I use the lghtest sbade of brown sugar for tlus for common use, I well skitmmed, will be very nice. Whon the grupes are ripe, they make ex- cellent marmalade, Boll a8 bufore, and rub through s siove or colander to take out skins and sceds, P'ut n quite half of sugar, and stir well while hulllnfiw presont sticking, Plums ore wood also made this way. She asks how much alcohol to put in pickles, but does not say what kind; but the suswer s all the samo—not any. 1 will tell her soon how to make ripe cucumbers into a sweet pickle that 18 Letter than any alcohol will wake them, sho has any that'are too old to usc, let them ripen well.” Aregood whenother fruit isplenty, but capecially so If scarce, lmmcuu‘l\l,v, — MUSINGS, To (Re Editor of TAe Tribuna, QaLva, I, Bept, 18.—A lady ssks if some Boston woman will tell her how ler husband's mother baked bread, I ant nbta Boston, but su English woman, as I told you before, But porhaps it will an- swer just as woll—my husband s & Yankeo, . 1 read Mm-her request, and bpth of us were greatly amused over It, for I have had some ex- perience that way. He wisely suggested that, wero his youth reatored, and with it his appe- titonud rolish for all things, then his wife's bread would faste and ds just as good a3 his molher's. This adinlssion wes a feast of itasit to me, for L have many times bocn told Idid nnt“ make bread, ett, lke wmy Lusband's mother. But that'dear old lady ls now gone toLer final reat, and I dou't mind telling you (cond- dentfally) that sho told me more than auce that 1 mado bread better than sho cver did. Tlow swect ure vury many of our early en{zy- meuts and memorics. I would not take an lota from any dear motbor's pralsc. As a class they deservo more than they roceive, Yot we some- times forget in this eycrcuanging world that ¥ &4 k we, too, are conatantly changl; Our tastes and delights are not the same with ledl years, ‘Aud whilo every mother should recelve her due pralse, to all husbands I woull say, " Your wife expocts and Is entitled to your considerate appreciation of her afforts, for on this all her happincss rests.” AUNT EMMA, TIHE CHEMI-LOON. 70 the Kditor of Tha Tribuns. KALAMAZOO, Mich., Bept. 18.—Tha pathetic plaint of Mrs, N. N. bas awakened fn my hithe erto peaceful breast most alarming emotlons, and I fecl competled to drop the iron spoon and, grasping the warliko pin, to rush forth to the reacue of our unfortunato sistor. The Cheml- loon, dear Mrs, N. N., Is & truly wonderful gar- ment, being o combination of two {ndlspensable articles of dress,—of which tho second (. e.,that represented In the combination by the last syl- Iable) hns heretofore been usurped by the Tyrant Man, There is no_prefuilice agalnat this artlcle for strept wear, provided it is concealed beneath the required quantity of silk or cashmers. But the idoa_of a similarity between this garment and the Roman toga is”a delusion and a snare, un- lees two things may he so exceedingly unllke &8 to rescmble_cach other, which (s n\mr:mox in- vented by the Oppressor, Iam (ncllned, with you, to consider tho fricnd of the Roman toga the figment of a depraved imagination—a relative of the renowned Mrs, Iarria of ro- mantic fame. _Mural: not your_ confls dence in man, Yours, A. L8 ——— BEANS NOT BREAD. 7o the Edifor af The Tribune. Erarewoon, Sept. 21.—In your Issuc of Sept. 10 I requested some Boston woman to be kind enough to tell us what she knew ahout leans. By a typographical error I was mnede to nsk for informatfon regarding read, which would be to confess myscli anything buto diligent reader of ‘the Hfome,” Duriug my three years of housckeeping I have tricd several methods of baking beans, but consider that T havo'not yet arrived at the Boston standard of perfection, 1 min glad to be able to givé * C. M, W.» the reelpe shie naks for, and hope she will flud it as satlsfactory as her sponge cako was tome: Bee! Loaf,—Threo pounds of round steak, chnf)ped fine; one tablespoontul of salt; ono tablespoonful of pepper: one cup of aweet milk: one ¢ge (beaten); vne slice of hread, crumbed fine} mix all well together; form in & roll, and balke an hour and p-hal TaLLiz W, e Ly FIRROM AFAR OFF. To the Edltor of The Tribune. ALBANT, Orcgon, Sept. 4.—Belug a new sub- seriber of your valuable paper, and belng very much Interestedinthe * Home" column, I would aak for a few recipes, Flrst, a recive for making an flmllfic ple: also, for piekling green cucumbers and pickllng eges. If any ono will be so kind s to auswer thuse, they will umufionllgo enxin C, —_— LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE. WELL DONE GOOD AND FPAITIIPUL SBRVANTS. To the Editor of The Trilune. Cnicaco, Sept. 22.—It is mot too soon to begin to pralse our Board of Aldermen; for they have already achieved enough to entltle them to the gratitude of the city at large. During many years Chicago bas not had a more lionest, industrious, and economical body of Aldermen than those composing the present Council. Few peoplo ean realize the amount of effort made by these resolute public servants to eheck the course of extravagunce and induce greater econamy in ull the departments, At every turn they were met by employes aud oliticlans whoeé Interest lay fu'the direction of nereased rubllc expenditures, The cutting down of saluries, the dropping of supernumer- arics, the abolitfon of uscless boards and de- partivents, the fightlng of gas and other monopolies, ~ all ™ met with furl- ous _oppokltion, before which men of less honesty, firmness, and courage would have uafled and ylelded. Hut most of our now Al dermen are men of principle, men of correct business hubits, men of stern, uucompromisiog rectitude, There are several men in this Coun- cil, T um informed, who would not ouly spurn o bribe, but kick the man from their presence that offered it. No puch encomium could have been prouounced upon the majority m the former Council, Our Mayor, too, is performing his du- tles well, much better than wua predicted b{ his opponents. ® Alrcady our present Council have saved the city at least half @ milllon dollars, witha prospect of greater reductions abead. Even the bad Aldermen bave been_ constrained by belng In goud company to render the city useful seryice. Hence [ caleulate that cach Al- derman, good and bad, bas been wotth 1o the city from £15,000 to §20,000 in savings alone. Chileagro cannot be too thunkful for her honest City Councit, which so valiantly {ndorses econo- my and reform. M. C. TOLICEMEN OPF THEIR DEATS. v the Editor of The Tridune, Cinicaco, 8ept. 22,—8ome patrolmen are dead- beats, ur might as well be dead, as for as their beats are concerned, for they are never on them when most wanted, Traverse tho city at any lour of the day or night and hiow very few of the 000 policemen hired to protect Chicago will otie see upon the streets, Where do the 600, or even the 800, keep themselves so much of the thnel The conclusion s frresistible that they must be out of sigzit—not watching, but “oll duty™ and neglecting duty. And, what s more, they stay out of siglit when they know therr presence {3 needed. Employed to preyent figlits, rows, and other distarbances, they keep nloof 'us it from laziuegs or dread until the fight 18 uunder full' headway und a vast crowd hoas nesembled aud begun to clumor and run u all directions for a policeman, Then they tardily crecp outof their holes, Thousands of citizens c¢an bear witness to the truth of my statement, Onl last week at the corner of Randulph and Hal- sted two _formers got to fighting, and ane lad bitten off the other's 1ip and fluger before the linmense erowd could find a polleeman to arrest them, Iundreds of such Iustances oceur every year, the police not uppearing on the scenc, as (f deaiguealy, untll the fight was all over. How dilferent the discipline and comluct of the Benmer fireman from the average Hickey po- Yceman, Ever watehful and vigilant, the fire- man springs to his engine and dashes with his utmost speed to the acene of the conflagration, which he strives with might and maln to extine guish before it has time to spread, Not so the tardy, slothful,and unfaithful pollcemun, who emerges from his retirement when the confliet s over. Does Buperintendent Hickey em&l}loy any ofl-beat, dead-beat policerment BB EXPOSITION RATES, To the Ediior of The Tribune. LASALLE, 111, Sept. 21—It does scem as if some people ulways had something te grumble ubout, and now, in the sbsenca of something clse, they complain of the Expnilllnn rates be- ing toohigh, It resldents of Chicago who have nothing to pay but a sinall admiesion fce of 50 cents grumble, what shall outslders say who have to pay all the way from §5 to 825 for rail- roud fure, besides board in Chileago, when they wish to ece the Exl;mmmm I um carning only $1.50 oday but I went to Chieagro Tust week,” 1t cost me about $20, but 1 feel that I ot moro than ton tiues tho valueof my moucy In what I saw therc, and yet = man like “ Fellx," u your to~lay's {ssue, who would }\rolmhl_v think nothing of paying 50 cents or $1 or clgars, tobaceo, or whisky, grumbles because he can't sce the Exposition tor 25 vents! The {dea {8 perfeetly ridiculous, and, fn your place, I would not lend an ear to these chronle grutns blers any longer, at least not on the subject [ % Exposition Ratea." A E L LOOK OUT. v the Editor of The Tribune. y Cuieaao, Sept. 21,—1I have noticed an adver- tisement In tho columns of this dey's TRIBUNE purportiog to originate from u society about to open & wholesale dry-goods house in this city, ‘This partyis o myth snd a fraud. Thero are Lundreds of unemployed men i this city who wlll be foolish enough to “inclose stamp for seply,” thereby swelllug the Yuna of this un- pr uc‘nled scamp. By publishlng the above {nu will confer a favor un 8 great muny worklog- men. Yours respoctfully, Janes CAMPION. — ——— Wil Taploca Explode. ‘The question of tho hour in 8an Francisco ia; Wil taploca explodel A samnple bought ata corner grooery in that city had a decided ten- dency to *go off”” when brought nearthe stove, and {t was scut Lo a powder-mill to be aualyzed. St 18 supposed to by 8 compound of ultrate of potash with sugar and four or starch. The grocer will be prosecuted, PURE SUGARS. THE BALTIMORE STEAM SUBAR REFINERY, Has suppiied Blandard Pure Bugars for tha pant furty. Ay S A L L LR 1 yout Groce: 26t Roep (hese thy spods, actal i G from s 7 theee P 193 Bedithy WOODS, WEEKS & Co., Bugar Refluers, No.2 Wabash-av., Chicago, RADWAYS READY RELIER Cures tho Worat Patna in From One to Twenty Minutes, NOT ONE HOUR After Reading this Advortisemont Nood Any One Buffer with Pain, RADWAY’S READY RELIEF B A Gure for Every Pain. It was tho First and is the Only Pain Remedy ‘That Instantly stopa the most excruciating inflammations, and cures congestions, Lungs, Btomach, Bowels, or other glands ‘e application, IN FROM ONE T0 TWENTY MINUTES, Nomattar how violent. or excractatl Rhrumade edoriaden, Tt Crlot o or organs, by mld?:e g:un. the curalgic, or prostrated with diséase may sullor, o> RADWAY'S READY RELIEF WIL] Afford Instant Ease. Inflammstion of tho Kidneys, Inflamma. tion of the Bladdor, Inflammation of the Howols, Mumps, Congestion of the Fwenty drops tn h o Thiute g Tungs, ravel T REA! Boro Throat, Difflouls Broathing, Palpitation of tho Heart, Hyaterics, Croup, Diphtheria, Uatarrh, Influenza, Headache, Toothache, Neuralgia, Rhoumatism, Cold Chills, Ague Ohills, Chiliblains, aud Frost Bitos, The applicatian of the Rasdy Rallef to tha part or arta where th paria where the pain or dificulty oxlsts Wil aford sase cure ains_ from eh randy or Bitters as s stimulant, alf & tumbler of wat Craupg, Vain ’n e s n.s et should always gmz'finé" il S T LR with them: & Tew Sroos I satens revent sickness or tier than French 3% few dropa in water will aoge of water. It la FEVER and AGUE. FPeverand Aguo cared for fifty cents. There s nota remedial sue, and ail other malarious yellow. and other fevera (alded b Quick as Radwsy's ltead Xicllet, sold by Druggiata. ent {n tha world that will cure fover ar bilfous: scatiot, typhord, Tadway'd ifty cents per bottla. ¥ hol Pty 55 Terfoctly tasteless, eleguntly coated with aweet Tefulate, purify, clesntc, an s, for the cure natipalon, T Tiliousntss, Biltous Fever: Internal Viscera. Warranted urel deleterious. bsc Tireathin foeattng bensation w! of Vi bt Jawness of the 1} T DR. RADWAY’S REGULATING PILLS, howels, utterin, n, Dol n in the. Bkin an of all di ey, ‘Swimming of tho Hrad. Kl al the Heart, C! 3 tn's Lyl T Vead, Defciency of Perspiration, Yal- JEyen T in tho Bide Ehesk d strengthen, sorders of the Btom- Bladder, Costivene: A hokinj vature, ts or Webs Lefore the BIght, T Nervaus Dis Indlgess nflamna. Ptles, and all Derangements of the to effect a poaltive cure. y Veyetalie. contalntog no mercury, mineral, of or Huts Diinness over and Ltmbs, and Budden Flushes'of Heal, Rursing fa thd Flesl A fow doses of RADWAY'S tem trom a centa per bux. Buld by Drogglsts. PILLS wl e e v mamed dsardars T s Ovarian Tamor Of ten years' growth cured by DR, RADWAY'S REMEDIES, 1kave had an Ovarizn Tumor in the Ovarles nnd Howels for Ten Yenrs. 1 bave had els for ten and your woudertul medfcl toothicrs &a It has been 10 tme- Mra. Nibbins, who makes the above reon for whow | requested you une, (875~ The me N Al d #1x bottles d 1 d and two welve more e oa ety s b ero gone jostfwenty: W itiued 10 uso tha medich d, 1t Lhe i that time lost buttles of the ls. 4 ta full of gratitu ietion. 1o sou, air, e, 1 fesl uecply Ingebied, 1t nay be a8 muchof & Licaing RS, E. C, B ttics o try [ ne u ] s, undls, ANy Annom Dec. 27, 1875.~Dn. RADWAY: others tnay Le benedited. 't make thixst ‘& Ovarian Tummor tn years. ' [ tried the best phyvicians of this place without suy benet, 1t was fidisy that L could not hayoliv Fiend of mine nduced me t ad not much falth in them, 1 tried them, « | o much Hadway's Itcidles. ut Dually, after much f the Resolven oo tue.Heliol. It W Uoitlce of the Hesolvertytwa s Tha atement! tiic ovarics and bow. at such ra. longer. A tawo baxes of 1 used thesa Defors they ol 1 was guro eiemebiou: e ‘forsy-Ave pounds, ewlvant, 3z 1IBBINS. 123 ‘l:nl! a:fi‘ |‘. ‘?' T ciica aove Miated ware bought of e with the exception of what was seat (o her i J8ahe “"wl'nn (8igned o ni ‘This w""?!fl y that Syphilitie, Hereditary or Coxtagious, seated in the Li Bones, Flesh or Nerves, Col e Cmufi‘ Rrasl bkin Fot an 4 ki s nad Chemist re. Bibbins, who mlig has been for t y say that hor statement (& currect wi 1 WAy kay siatemt prroct without.a Mich. the wany years well s, and thie facts theretn statod are undoiibie ed sndeniably correct. A nY one who knows Mrs B l&l 'Heldt;olhv- hes atatomen! g DR. RADWAY'S SarsaparillianResolvent, - THE GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER, For {he cure of adl Chroxls Disessss, Screfuls & Yol of l‘llfl[’fl Tl Ip bise Chmpiajats. Gout Do ehils, Cotiumplon,” Kidoey luints, sic. PIICK, $1 FEUBOTTLE. VIEGE'1y Drusgisia, ¥ Sto 'k, Bkl the Bolids snd Vitlating the Flulds, g&hfllmlfllmé .l::mfnb. Giandular l:l‘:'ll carous lAflll}ll:flh Byp) |u.| 10 the_Lun, ux, White Bw dscn, Mercur! “fadter, Liver Cow- DR. RADWAY & C0, 32 Warmenst, N. T, Read * False and True,” Lo RAD AY&&(L. Ko. 28 lestar-stamp Warrén-at., New York. willbe seut’you. latormal a wort {Lguoandd