Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 21, 1876, Page 4

JBCT. ‘Thye Tetbave, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, * PAYARLE IN ADVAKCE—DOSTAGR TREFAID AT TIIA OFFICE. Raltlon, postpaid, 1 ye of A year, per month afled 10 any address four weeka fo Bandsy Kdition: Literary sod ltelig 12,00 1m () 3.0 o of » year, per Ou copy, TELELY BOITION, rosirAiD. copy, per yeu: g b oF e Club of twent Toatage pre| Spectmen copics sent free, o To prevent detay and mistakes, Yo sure and give Post- ©ftce addremn tn full, fncluding Stnte and County, Remittances may botnade efther by draft, expross, Yoat-Ofice rdtr, or in reglatered letters, abour risk. YERMS TO CITT KUBSCRINERS, Datly, dettvered, Sundsy excepted, 28 centa per week. Dally, delivered, Sunday included, 50 cents per weok Address TRE TRINUNR COMPANY, ‘Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts., Chicago, il AMUSEMENTS, New Chicago Thentre. Clark street, betwoen Lako and Maodoloh, Hooloy's Minstrels. MeVicker's Theatre. Afadison strect, betweon State and Dearborn, **Col. ‘Mulberry Bellers.™ ‘Wood’s Masewm. Monroe sreet, botween Btate and Desrborn, '‘Lady M Lyons.” Afternoon and evenfog. Adelphl Thoatre. Manros street, corner Dearborn, Varlety performs Ilaveriy’s Thentre. Tandolph street, between Clatk and Lasalle, Call fornla “aneu. Inter-State Exponition. Take Bhore, foot of Adams atroet. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1870C. —_— e Groenbacks at the New York Gold Ex- - change yesterdny closed at 90F. sk Sttt Y Somewlat cooler and pnrti; clondy and cloaring weather is the prodiction for this rogion to-dny. —— The trial of Jomy D. Lee at Beaver, Utah, * gor complicity in the Mountain Meadow mas- sacre terminatod yosterdny in a vordict find. +ing him guilty of murder in tho first dogroe. e liateicty Bavannal {s still suffering soverely from the torriblo scourge which hrs brought ruin and dosth to her doors. On Tuesdny the number of deaths from yellow’ faver renched 80, tho highest yet reported, and tho plague i8 increasing in virnlencoand fatality. Noth- ing bat tho ndvent of coolor weather is loft for tho afllicted peoplo to hopo for. After an interregnum of two and o half, years, during which the Chicago Astronom- jenl Boclety has been revived and the Denr- ‘born Observatory reconstructed, the great tolescopo is now sot to work by tho appoint- mont of Mr. 8. W. Bunnmax as Acting Di- rector., Mr. B, has goined a widespread roputation as n keen-eyed observer, having discovered n grent many double stars, and will no doubt use the noble instrument to good advantage. In the lottor of Gen. Dix road yesterdny at the rounion of the Boys in Blue at Indian. npolis occurs a seatence which gives the War rocord of Saxuer J. Tiupex in o nutshell Here it i3, and every word of it truo: Tt §s cnough for ug that ho fs prescnted to the ‘people as the exponcnt of the principles and policy ©f the Democratic party, that he declared the War & faflure when you were Lrlnging It to a trlumph- ant conclueion, and that ho refused to take part In upholding the Government when it was menaced and {mperilud,—n Government which would not be In existence if his example and bls counscls had provalled with his countrym Mr. Comnina Junp vory feroclously de- nounces any referenco to him asn membor of tho Order of the Knights of the Golden Cir. clo, or of the Sous of Liberty, as an onfrago on privato charncter. In his speech intro. ducing Senator Tnoxnury he called atten- tion to the character of tho leaders of the Republican party, and * rominded them that Gen. Joux A. LouaN was at one time o re- eruiting officer for tho Rebel servico,” ‘This ngsault upon the charncter of Gew. Loaax lio thought cousistent with the respect due to private charncter, when ho knew that the slandor hnd boon repelled n hundred times, Judge Winttaxs, of the Cireuit Court of . Cook County, y€sterdny dolivered a docision of great importauce to commercinl meu. T'wo firms, members of the Board of Trado of thig city, had a dwpute which was arbi- trated by the appropriate Committge of tho Board of ''rnde, and the damages assessed wera paid by the losing party, but under pro- tost. That purty has entered suit sgainst the other for the return of the money, and mnow asks the protection of the Court by injunction to prevent tho leading membor of the firm from being expelled from the Board for the heinous offenso of appealing to a court of law in de- fense of his rights, Tho Court granted o restrnining order for sixty days, holding that if tho complainant had violated a rule of the Board in bringing suit, such rule was un- constitutional, notwithatanding the ides gonerally entertained with regard to a rocent docisfon by the Bupreme Court of this Stata, Ho.that was Disraxet, but rest his soul he's now the Earl of Buonconsfleld, bas been making o specch at Aylesbury on the East- ern question. 1f thereport forwarded by the cable convoys o fair synopsis of the speoch, tha British Promier wns eminontly sucoess. ful in avolding the subject which so deeply disturba the poople of Euglaud—his only al- lusion to the Bulgarlan atracitles consisting in o savago thrust at GLapsrone, to whom he fa supposed to refer when ho stigmatizes ng worse than the butcheriesa of the Bashi-Bazonks *' the conduct of any man ‘who would avail himeelf of tha popular. .en- thosiasm for the attainment of his individunl ends by a course which ke may know to be injurious to the interests of his country and tho welfare of mankind” Dismazwr could find nothing to eny in condemnation of the 4nfamous barbarities countenanced by the Porte, but he could abuse Grapsronz and .slander Servia in tho most outrageous man- ‘The Ohicago produce murkots were gener- ally firmor yestorday, with moderato activity. Mess pork closed 27}o por byl higher, at +§16.82} for October and $14,75 for the yenr. Tard closed 20c per 100 lbs higher, at $10.87) for October and @9.20 seller tho yoar, Meata were firmer, at 6jo for summer shoulders, boxed, Bjo for do short ribs, and 9}o for do short clears. Lako froights were quist, at 2§cforcorn toBuffalo, Rail froights were unchanged. Highwines wdre steady, ‘ak $1.08 por gallon, Flour was less nctive and finn. Wheat closed 1@20 higher, at $1.07} for Beptember and $1.0} for October. Corn closed 1@140 bigher, at 47f0 for Sep- ‘. " tember and 45c for October. Oats closed jo higher, at 84}c for Beptember and 83}c for Oclober. Rye waa quiot, at Gijo. Darloy closed firuer, at 6330 for Soptomber and 790 for Octobor, 'Tha hog trade was nctivo L oat sljghtly firmer pricea. BSales were effocted THE: CHICAGO TRIBUNE:: THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER' 21, 1876, ot $5.76@6.10 for common to prime. Cattle woro in good demand, and tho market waa stendier, Bhoep wore quiet and unchangod, ot $2.50@4.26por 1001bs. Oue hundred dol- lnrs in gold would buy $110 in greenbacks at tho aloso, The mon who fought as they thonght, and who proposo to voto as they fought,—tho votoran soldiors of tho great Army of the Union,—had n gala day at Indianapolia yes- tordny, Thoy camo from the East, Wost, Nortli, and South by thoussnds, taking Indi- ana's Capital by storm, roceiving the uncon- ditional surrender of its peoplo, and awaken- ing throughout the entiro Stato n degreo of intorest and enthusinem such as has not beon oxporienced for years. Of course it is 8 political gathering; nobody dis- putes that. Those citizen soldiors aro to n man for Havss and WuzzLem, nnd they have gono over to Indiana to assist in gotting up n first-class funeral for the party of ** treasons, strategems, and spoils.” Their presence at this time can have but one effect upon the ponding canvass—that of stimalating the Republicans throughout tho Stato to remewed zoal and activity, That such will ba tha result of the grand Reunion there can be little doubt after reading our dispatches doscriptive of the scens, aud tho speeches of Sonator MonTox, Gon, GARFIELD, Sonator Looax, Gov. Noves, and the admira. bla letter of Gon. D! it Y Wo print this morning nn interesting and siguificant leat from the War rocord of the Domocratic party in Illinois, copled out of tho journal of tho Iouss of Represontn- tives, In Fobruary, 1863, tho Demoorats, having na strong working majority in tho House, ndopted a preamble and resolutions doclaring the War a failure nnd calling for an armistico and a National Convention of all the States to adjust the difficulties be- tween the North and South, the withdrawal of President Lixcory's emancipation procla- mation being demanded as a condition prece- dent to the proposed Pence Convention. There fire-in-the-rear rosolutions wore passed by the Copperhiead majority in the Houso at ono of the gloomiest periods in the struggle for tho preservation of the Union—at o time when such a doclaration was calenlated to afford valuable aid nnd comfort to the Con- foderato eause, The Republican Sonate, however, refused to receive or consider the resolutions, and thereby the loyal peoplo of Tlinois were spared the mortification of be- ing made to nppear ns sympathizers with trenson, rebellion, and slavery. This was Democracy in 1863, not alone in Illinois, but in Now York and Indiann, where Bamorr J. Tiuoen and TmoMas A, HeNDRIORS were no less busily engaged in the attempt to cripplo the Union army and hinder and hamper the Fodoral Government in the prosecution of the War. They were all alike then, and thoy nro all alike now—enemies to the higheat good and truest prosperity of the nation, MR. TRUMBULL'S SPEECH. ‘We havé alrendy commented upon the per- sonal charactor of Judge Taumpurr's Mon- dny night arraignment of the Republican party and his cxaltation of tho Democratic party, The groat burden of the speech was summed up by him as follows : 1 have endeavored to show you, fellow-citizens, that the Ropubllcan party of to-day is not com- posed of the same materlal, nor are Ita purposcs and aims the same aa the Republican party of 10 or 20 years ago; that it 1s not tho inheritor of tha grand old principles which gavo tho party its fame, nor of anything belonging to it save its name; that 1t o degenorated and becomeWyenal and corrupt, and that there {8 1o roason why any independent man shonld now suppart or opposo it sfmply be- cause it §s called Republican, I have cndeavored to show you that the Democratic party of to-day ls not composed of tha same waterial and does not have the sume purposes and aims as the Demo- cratic purty of 156 or 20 yeara ago; that it has in- Derited the name without any of the pro-slavery views which distinguished the party at thiat doy, and that there la no reason why any Independent man should support or oppose it, slmply becanso it {a called Democratic, Now, lob us exnmino tho trath of those showings. The Republican party is not now, of course, composed altogether of the same men who organized it and officered it during the last 20 years, Many of its lenders nnd thousands of its members have died ; and othery, like Mr. Trusnury, from mortifiod vanity, have left it. It has in that 20 yeara received large additions, not only from the old Whig party, but from the Dem. ocratic party, making it from 1860 down to the presont time the great Union party. It has received additions from the thousands whio, gince 1860, have resched manhood, and from the other thousands who, since then, lave migrated hither from their native lands, rmd havo united with the groat party uphoid- ing the couse of human froedom. To this oxtont the ‘‘moterinl™ of the party las chonged. Tho objocts and alms of the party have boen to some oxtent sccomplished, Slavery has been abolished, and with it hos disappenared tha policy of creating now slave States, and all the poculinr legislation per. taining to slavery has bocomo obsolete, Tha War ragod violently for four yoars, and armlos wero to bo ralsed, navies provided, lonna offected, bonds sold, and taxation col- lected ; only the residuum of all thia is now a care of the Govornment. All theso thingshave bronght with them other Governmental cares unknown tothe partyoriginally. Butthogreat fundamental quostion which separated the Democratic and the Republican parties ex- {uty to-day as frreconoilably ns it ever oxisted in tho duys of the supromacy of slavery, and that question i, Are tho United States a na- tiou, with all the attributes of national sov- erelgnty, whose constitucnts are tho Ameri- can poople collectively and without auy division elther goographieal or of color? or nro tho United Btates a mere partnership of Btates, cach nn indopendent sovereiguty, which States, as the original repositories of sovercignty, have appoluted o common sgont known as the Government at Washington, which Government must ot exclusively un. der written instructions, which instructions aro issucd by and ars revocable by the sov- ereign Btates issuing them? Tho isuo is definod by the opposing terms, ‘‘ National Union" or *Confederacy of Statos. Out of this radical difforenco grew the War,—tho Democratio party ropresonting the theory of o partnorship of equal and sovereign Btates, and the Ropublican party nssorting and ex- ercising the powers of a National Union, compelling all its cltizens to obedience and submission to the national authority, ign'orlug all contesting claim of sovereiguty by ‘any State or numbor of States. Doca Mr, TrursuLL protend that that dif- ferouco in the very theory of our Govern- went no longer exists, or that the Democrat- io party of 1870 does not maintain the same dootrine now that it did under Pork, TyLes, Prence, and Buouanan? Will he clabm that the Btate-Bovereignty thoory has been whipped out of the Democratic party, aud that all Democrats now embrace und adopt the theory of the Republican party? If he belfoves any such absurdity jb shows Low poorly hie has taken note of affairs. At no time during tho last 20 vears is tho doctrine of the soverciguty of tho Btates na uppoml_r to that of a national Union been more bold- 1y, defiantly, and univorsally insisted uponns something naver to bo surrendered as it is now by every Democratio statesmanan in the 16 ox-slaveholding States, and by tho great body of Domocrata in the North, in Congress and ont of it. It is the doctrino of TinpEN and Hexprioxs, of 8zvatoun, Baxarp, EAToN, and all others of any prominence in tho party. On the great vital question whether tho United Btatos are a nation,—a question noc- cssarily involving the whole powers aund anthority of tho Governmont, and involving the question whether the Ameridan people have any nationality save such as pertains to citizouship of tho Btate in which they ro- side,—there has beon no change whatever, oither in tho Domooratio or Ropublican par- ties. The difference is irreconcilable, and tho snpromnoy of ofther party involves tho supremacy of the principle it maintaine, Does Mr. TavMnury mean that thero s no danger to tho nation in the eloction of n party which denies that thoro is o nation, or that thero is such o thing as a National Government ? Mr, Tnumsurr, oxtending his hands in benediction over tho roformed Democratia party, doclared that the Southorn people liave abandoned all their political heresias, have experienced a radienl change of senti- ment, and are no longer the people thoy wore in old times. To attribute such a change to a people would bo to claim for them a mirac- ulous conversion. It would bo unnatural to oxpect of them to abandon convictions and sentimentswhich havoboen inherited throngh many genorations. Their social gconomy has boen revolntionized. Whole peoplo can- not forget in n day tho habits and nssocie~ tions of a lifotimo, The social system at tho South was destinotive, There wero but two closses: Tho wenlthy propriotors, who woro cultivated and educated, and the Inboring class. The slaves wero not counted a8 n part of the political fomily. Thoy wero property, ‘Tho laboring whites wore 8o dograded that tho slaves, ns o body, linking themselves as chattels to the superior class, looked down with contempt upon the whites who labored. This lattor clnss was uneducated, nnd no more provision was mado for their intellsotunl improvement than was mada for that of tho slaves, Lanon was Accunsep; it was the badge of social dogradation, and this is as truo to-day in the Bouth as it was.when tho planter numbered his slaves ns ho did his swino and his oxen, "The slaveisnow free, and the Sonthern people ‘have not and eannot adapt themselves to the traditional degradation of manual labor, nor to paying for labor which by inheritance it wag their province to enforce by the lash. Tho freedman will not work without wages, and nims to an ownorship of the land he Iabors. Tho Bouthern people absolutely re- fuse to part with the soil, to pay wages, or to recognize lobor except ns a personal degradation, The want no migration of white Iabor unless it come on the basis of hired labor to rank socially with the nogroes. Daring the eleven years of peace thess peo- ple have made no change in this respect, and, though poverty haunts them, they reso- lutely insist that the land of the Sonth shall remain the excluaive inheritance of the pure blood which has nothing in common with toil. Novertheless, there are four millions of free people whoso livea are cast with those Bouthern Democrats. Their condition, in some nspects, is more distressing than whon they were slaves, They constitute the ex- clusive labor of the South, yet are held to be on o lovel with the beasts, and aro hardly trontad with na muchconcern, Tho problem is how to make theso mon labor without wages, to labor as a task, and as an inferior and subordinate race, cheorfully submitting to torms which had existed for a contury be- fore tho War, Though an immense propor- tion of tho Southern whites have become of age since the War, thoy have become so, filled with bitterness. 'Thoy have inhorited poverty and uncultivated fields, have inhor- ited privation and want, whero they would have beon wealthy and absolute masfbra of soil and labor, and they regard themselves ns reduced to slavery by the rude strength of tho social mudsills of the North. Theso peoplo aro not in arms, but a contury will not modify nor remove the sense of wrong and the spirit of revenge which these peo- ple and their descondauts wilt cherish to- wards tho North and the nation which has produced this condition, These aro the peo- ple who, though in a minority, have never- theloss 110 Ropresontatives and 32 Senators in Congress, and who, under the rule of the Democratio party, will control the whole Government, that Mr, TnusmnuLy regards as safor dopositories of the national interests, and safer guardians of the Union, than the people of 1llinois and Towa, New England, Ponnsylvania, aud Ohio, INDIANA. Indiana is ablaze with political excitoment. Hundreds of meotings aro held nights and scores daily, Tho Btato is boing stumpod by school districts as well as by Congressional districts. Each side is doing its *‘lovel best.” While wo belisve the Républicans will earry the State on the 10th of Ooctober, yot, if thay should lose it, tho other side conld not boast that thoy had captured a Republican State, For twenty years tho Democrats have carriod Indiona at the Ooto- ber oloction oftenor than have the Repub. licans, as the returns prove, viz.: aovenxon—1850, Domocrat.... 117,011 Tepublican.. 112, 050 Dem, mal 6227 [l Demncrat, Temoerat 31,20 Ttepubli }rfl.': b Hep. madure cuorsen 50, 883 BECRETANY OF sTATE~1800. TDemocrat, 14,208 470,014 471,672 Hep, ma), . . b0l SEURETARY OF TATE—1870, Democrat .100,050 Lepublican, 157,401 Dem, ma) . 2,508 Democrat, 180,424 Republica: 188,270 Dem, Yoo P wuumv o aTATE—1874, o Democrat .182,189 Republlcan., 64, 002 ludependen 16,243 Dem, maj . 17,253 [We takeo our figures from tho New York World Aimause, and accept thou ps corroct,] From tho foregoing roturns it will bo seon that the Domocrats have carried Indiana at tho October election #iz times, while tho Re- publicans have earried it but four times, At tho oxoiting Presidential siroggle of 1868 tho Ropublicans elected their eandidata for Gov- ornor by tho very narrow mnjority of v61 votes, At tho noxt Btate eloction they were benten by 2,608 votes, and ngain at tho Stato clection of 1872 they wero beaten after n mont despernte struggle by 1,337 votes; and still later in 1874—bheing the Inst Btate cloction—they wero defeated by 17,262 votes. We presume it ia true that most of tho 16,233 votes cast for the Indepondent candidato were abstracted from the Repub- lican sido; but, if everyono of them had boon cast for tho Republican ticket, it would still have beon bonten by 1,000 votes, Since 1868 Indinna s boen 8 Democrgtio Btate, and, if that party carries it on the 10th of October, thoy will merely hold their own; if they lose it, the Republicans will have gained a Domacratic Btato. As the canvass now looks to us, Gon, Harntson will be oleoted Governor in spite of TrLpENs bar'l of monoy. It is no longor a secret that Trr~ DY, 1n his dosporation to * reform" things, is lavishing tons of thousauds of dollars upon tho contest in Indinnd, If he loses both Obio and Indiana in Oetober, ho well knows that his chances of election will bo irretriovably ruined. Heo must earry ono of them at least, or politieally’ die, o hopes to win both by a profuso employmont, of “roform” argumonts in the shapo of greenbacks and bank-notes, For the p\Tr- poses of this campaign Tivony is on oxpan- sionist of the most profuse kind, and it is said by thoso who profess to have closely watched his oporntions that Smasny has alrendy disbursed nearly as much monoy in the Hoosier 8tato as the omount out of which ho swindled the Govornmont in his taxes. Ha mny feol constrained to doublo tho sum beforo clection day ; but we Jon't beliove that the most corrupt and profligate employment of his ill.gotten tressure will save him from oxperiencing a crushing de- feat in Indiana, THE WHISKY SENTENOCES. Definito informatian hos boen reccived that tho Attornoy-Genernl and the Proasident have, npon tho rocommendation of Judge Banos, intorposed tho Exccutive power to tho extent of reducing tho sentences of all the distillers now in jail in this county to a uniform term of threo months’ imprisonment and o fino of $1,000. Wo gave some timno ngo a history of the results of the indict- ments and convictions of all those engaged in the whisky frauds in this district. Of the fifty-one porsons implicated in what was styled the **first batch,” all have been dis- charged—full immunity, oivil and criminal, has boen extended to them. The second bateh, except two, and including Mr, Hes. mig, were induced to plead guilty upon two counts, under an assurance, thoy say, by tho Government officers, and ceortainly undor.n belief on their part, that their punishment would be light, and would be uniform in im- priconment and in flne. Tho soutences, however, were widely different, Mr, Hestva's imprisonment being extended to two years, ‘These sentonces have now been roduced to three months, and that term, doducting the allowanco for good bobavior, has now ex: pired. Upon the roceipt, therefore, of the offieial papors and the paympent of the fines these prisoners will be all discharged. Considering all the circumstances, snd cs- pecially the wholesale immunity granted to tho largo number of equally guilty porsons included in tho flrst batch, we think the Government hna acted properly and justly, ‘Whilo ouo man'’s crime i8 in no sense ro- duced by the escapo of his associate, never- tholeas, tha releass of fifty persons, including officials, and the sovers punishment of ton not any moro guilty, has thp appoarance of such a discrimination that it is caloulated to create pympathy for thoso punished, and thus defeats one of the great ends of justico. ‘The punishment slrendy inflicted upon these persons has beon personally a sovero one, and there aro but fow persons not influonced by interest or personal enmity who will not approvo the action of the President. Theso proceedings in no wise affect the case of Rei. Hig torm was ono of his own gelection ; nor does this action affect the civil prosgoution of Reuse for tha recovery of tho monoy collected by him in fraud of the United Btates, THE SOUTHERN OLAIMS CONSPIRACY. The War of 1861”5 is over, Slavery s over. Both were Domocratic issucs, aud in both the Democracy was defoatod with tre. mondous loss. They were tho issuos that kopt the Democratio party togother in the South beforo tho War. What {s to keop them togother now? Thisisan important ques- tlon, ainco tho Democrnoy of the South is tho roal army, the Northern Democrats but camp-followers who will help share the spoils if tho Bouth is victorious. The Cin- cinnati Commercial hos done the loyal peo- pleof tho North and Bouth a great servico by answoring this queation and showing that Bouthorn claims are to take tho place of the billions of dollars that “the slaves ropre- seuted, The Confedorato Btato Governmont of Missouri have givon timely notico what the North may oxpect, aud the Commercial givos adotailed history of tha scheme, The Con- fodorate argument in bohalf of those claims was made in Missouri in 1874, and in tho following terms : Thess Yankees hare put in thely elaims, and had || them paid by the millions, and hold Gavernment bonds besldes, e Confederates had to lose all thatice put into Confederate bonds, and now are we to go without puyment for a dollar's worlkof our property destroyed? Let us ses a Democratic Congress that willsay s0, They hace forced ws to acknowledge {hat thiz is our country ; very well, then its Government is bound to pay ald losses by aelsure or destruction of wroperty (o one man as well as to another, Thess Yaukess have forced us Lo take thelr greendacks and to pay iutereat on their | bands ; we will ynake them pay our losses and for our slaves, {00, 'befors we gat tarough. Othericles they may 1clps out the whole d—d debt, and begin aven, How was this precious scheme sot on foot? It was stated at tho outsot that these claims amonnted to $400,000, which the United Btates would not rccognize either becauso thoy wera for sorvices rendored by troops not having authority or becsuse the claim- ants wero disloyal, Under the protext that theso claims sbould be formally presonted, a bill was introduced in tho Legiulature to audit and adjnst (he War debt of the Btate, The DIl croated a commission for tho ex- amination of claims and provided that the certificates of indebtedness should bo issued in the following form; NOy—\ §——, It 1g perady certifted that the State of Missouri s indedtéd to n (Re sum of on ace cound of - This cerlificats 1 not payabdle by the State until arter the clalm of suld haa been presentad to the United Stales Government, and the amount allowed and paid (o the State, and {hen only for the uclual amount recelved from the United States Government, Oty of Jeferson, Missourd, —— 18—, Governor of Missourd, -Acling Q. M.Generalof Missourl, Every effort to striko out the poasibility of claims beyond the $400,000, which was al- loged to bo the amount involved, and every offort to shut off fraudulent claims woro voted down and the bill pnssed. As soon ns the Commission was appointed, agenta were sont all ovor the Btate hunting up Rebel War claims, and monstrous frauds wero perpo- trated in proparing them. The Commission passed upon hundreds of them, ** In many instances,” says the Commercial, *‘ how mnny can never be known, but hundreds aro re- ported,—the claimants, by collusion with a notary and the agont, mnde up the papers without any nmount stated, lenving that to bo filled in by the agont, or even signed blank forms, tho notary himselt serving ns ono witnoss. It is uttorly impossiblo to say how largo n part of the claims sallowed is fraudulent, for tho Commissioners them. solves counld not know even if thoy wero thoroughly honest and scrupulous. Claim agents thomsclves assert that they know of vory many that aro frandulent, either wholly or ns to the amount allowed.” Efforts wore made to keep tho amount of claims passed upon & secret, but it onme out that claims reprosenting $2,476,000 wore allowed from Sopt. 1 to Bopt. 80, 1874, It was at that timo stated and has nover been directly denied that the nggregate of theso claims smounted to eight millions of dollars, twenty times tho amount that was mode tho protext of passing the billt Wo commend this statemont and these figures %o tho peoplo of tho North, This ia but one Btato waiting for Tmpen and Hey. noioxs to bo electedso ‘that it ean got ita hands into the National Treasury. Being first in tho flold, it will have the first grab, and thon the whole solid South will follow in o concerted raid upon loyal taxpayors, compolling thom to pay for tho slaves and tho Rebel debt. Iow do Northorn peoplo like the prospect? In ninoty-nine omc. hundredths of thoso cnses thoy aro purely Tobel claims. As tho Commercial says: After a natfonnl success of the Democratic party swill come the dolugs, How many of thoso typleal clalms arg,patd? None of themn ace pald or orderced to be pald. Pay-day is neceasarily postponed until after thera 18 0 Democratic Presldent to sign the bills, Givo us Tizoex and Reform with o view to wiso financo and economy, and we shall sco 811 the Southern States following the exnmple of Missourt, and tho complete edifice of Southern claims, of which a fow specimen brleks have beon handed in, would be loftler than the Tower of Babel! Those who are in favor of paying theso Robel debta will vote for Trzpex and Hex- onrows, ‘Those who aro not in favor will vota for Hayes nnd Wnertzr. THE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, # Liva witlin your income,” is tho advico which Mr, Twoex says he gave the Becre- tary of the Tronsury in 1865, Ho now inti- mates, and the Democratio party charges, that - this ndvice has not boon followed, but that the Republican party has managed tho affairs of. tho nation so improvidently that it * hos takon from the people, in Fedoral taxes, 18 times tho whole amount of legal-tender notes, and squandored four times the suth in useless expoenditures,” *Reform” hav- ing been ndopted by tho Democrats as the catchword of tho campaign, thoy havespread this & tatomont abroad through their pnrty platform, in all their oampaign documeonts, in their party newspapers, on the stump, in private discussion, and every othor device of the canvass. Yot it is o moro partisan gon- eralization without any basis in fact. Thoro has never boon o little monoy sguandered at any period in the history of the Govern- ment (notwithstanding the large amount of money necessarily expended to defray the cost of the War precipitated by the Demo- cratic party) as under the administration of the Republican party. 'Che Government boa strictly lived within its income sall the time, and, more than that, hns nccumulated n surplus every year to apply on the reduo- tion of the War debt. Tho oflicinl statemont of Assistant-Secra- tary Coxant made up from the records of the Tronsury is n complato answer to the Demo- orntio falsehoods. It shows that the entiro amount of taxes exacted from the people in the elaven years of peace is noaxly one thou- sand millions less thon that stated in the Domocratio platform. The amonnt of money which tho Demoerats charge has been “gqunndered in usoless oxpense” is some thres hundred millions more than wns ox- pended for all the ordinary. expenditures of the Government; on this besis the Govern- ment should not have paid out s dollar for curront expensos, but should in some mys- terious way have run the Governmont for nothing and saved $300,000,000 withont ruising ony taxation. The facts ave that the Government has paid off $G56,092,246 of tho public dobt, and reduced taxation $309,3560,171 while it hns been paying tho debt.. Tho receipts of tho Govermmnent from all sources,aro but little more than one- half what they were at the close of the War, aud the actual oxpenditures for all purposes aro loss than one-half what they woreat that timo, In 1865 tho not rovenuo of ‘the Government was $658,032,020; nnd in 1876, $287,482,000; in 1860 thoe not current ex- ponditires wore $5620,809,410, and in 1876, 13268,469,797. Despita this cnormous re- duotion, there has not been a single year when the Government did not have a sur. plns, with which it reduced the Democratio War dobt from $2,314,882 in one year to $183,091,885 in - anothor year, making an aggregato rednction of §650,002,246. This does not look much a3 though wo had been living beyond our income uuder Republican administration. . Porhaps tho bost test of an individual's living within his incomoe is his oredit, and the same rulo may be npplied to Governmonts, This institutes o comparison botweon tho Domocratic and Ropfblican adininistrations which the Domoerats might bottor have avoided. Wo have shown how the’ Repub- lionus havo mauaged to maoke the Govern- meont live within its income, and the result is that our Govornment was able to negotiate a block of & percont bonds o yoar age ata premium, receiving 105,05 in gold for overy $100 boud, which is cquivalent to poying about 4} per cent interost, Daring the four years of Democratic adwinistration imme. diately proseding the War, tho expenditures oxceeded the incoma by $57,989,628, nnd it Locamo necossary to isauo bonds nnd Troas. ury notes to moet tho deficlency; but the oradit of the Government has Tun so low that in 1800 o Government loanof 10,000,000 was placed at a discount running s bigh as12por cont. In other words, the Domocrats man- ngod the Government during an era of pro. found peace nnd prosperity in such a way that it was forced to pay three times as much interest in ordor to borrow oney as it paya now, Perhaps the principal reason for this is, thot, while the Government expenditures have been reduced one-half during the 11 years succeeding the War, the Democrats really doubled them during the 11 years immediately proceding the War, Mr. TiLoex likewise mads the assertion in hig letter of ncceptauce that *ineflolen. oy, peculation, fraud, aud malversation of tho publio funds, from the high places of power to tho lowast, hava ovoerspread the whole sorvico liko n loprosy,” This suggost- ed nnother compnrison that has turned out mont unfortunnately for tho Domoerats. Tho Govornment record of dofalentions shows that under Democratio ndmisteation the officials atole s “high af $1L71 in overy 81,000 thoy handled, while the publi funds havo beon handlod by the Republioans 50 honestly that thero has beon an avorage loss of ouly a littlo moro than Lalf of ono dollar on overy $1,000 during the 10 years, 'Tholosa by *peculation, fraud, and malversation” has boen only one-third of ono dollar in every $1,000 undor tho present Administeation, '[ho most siriking contrast, perhinps, i the gudden jump from Buciax- AN's to Limcown's Admimstration. Under Tvomanan, tho Domocrats atole nearly $4 in ovory ©1,000 that pnssod throngh their hands, while, nnder Lixcorx, the Republican dofaleations amounted to only three-fourths of n dollar in overy $1,000. Probably tho Domocrats will domand no moro comparative statomonts of tho honesty of tha two parties. 1t neod only bo ndded that the presont debt of two thousand million doilars, more than one-quarter of whick has been paid off by tho Ropublicans, the $1,8356,044,846 of in- torost, the $296,229,805 of ponsions, and the 2005,268,407 of War claims, which have been paid under the Ropublican sdministra- tion of the last 11 yonrs, wero necessitated by the War of the Rebellion, for which the Domocratic party was directly responsible. Now tho Democratio party desires to ropos- woss itsclf of tho Governmont chiofly for the purposo of adding to the burdensof tho people mora millions, amounting perhapa to 08 much again ag the entire national debt, to pay tho losses incurred by those who fought tho Governmant for four years, The success of the Domocratic party will mean an aban- donment of the uniform policy of ratronch- mont’ which has characterized Republican administration of the Governmant, and an incronso of tho debt nnd expenditures, in- stond of n dacronse of both, which togothor have beon reduced nearly ono thousand mill- ions during the last 11 yenrs. Tn compliance with the Council’s rosolu- tion, the Mnyor advortisos for bids to light the strect-lamps of tho West Division with oil. Mr. Biruinas persists in his refusal to [ nccopt the torms which Mr., WaTkINg Los no- copted for the North and South Divisions, and hence tho nocessity for trying oil. The experimont need not be regarded with any apprehonsion by the people of the West Division. It is not impossible that they may got as good light ns thoy have had, and por- liaps o botter ono, at n cost not oxcoeding one-third of what has beon paid herotofore. Tho Mayor has boen in communication, wo nnderstand, with yarions parties in difforent cities, and as the bids are not to be opened till the - 80th inst. there will be ample time to hear from all who have improved oil-lomps and to seoure the wideat compoti- tion, In deciding upon tho bids in this enso, the process that commends itself as best adapted to street uso should be tried, so that the city may havo the benefit. of thor- oughly testing the morits of oil as compared with gas for publio use. It may bo that the result will prove it the more desirablo of the iwo means of lighting tho streets, taking into uccount the differonce in cost. Mean- whila any resentment that moy be felt by the poople of the West Division will natu- rally be directed ngainst the Gas Company, which has mnda the change. necessary by ro- fusing to supply gos ot as low a rate as tho Company which controls the territory in the anlh and South Divisions, The Now York politiciane aro still very much exercised over the prospactivoreturnof Tween, The New York Sun donounces it ag a ‘'t put-up job.” If to approhond a great criminal and bring him back to the punish. ment from which Democratio officials per- mitted him to escape be a ** put-up job," then it iz a charge to which the Republican Administration can well afford to plead guilty, But why are the Now York Demo- crats in so much tribulation sbout it ? Are somo of thoss who stand high in the party afraid that Tweep will squoal ot lnst? This he has always stubbornly refused to do, but it may bo that his despnir at his prosont knowledge that he is safo nowhere on earth will goad him on to making a clean brenst of tha New York thloving. Any like. lihood of this naturally alarms thoso who wore concorned with him in his gigan- tlo robberies, but who have thus far escaped exposure and punishment. Indeed, tho pros- ont tromulousncas of the New York Demo- crats soems to confirm the suspicion that his osenpe was a * put-up job,"” and to indicaton present foar that he will now make the reve- Intions to avert which ho was permitted to geot off. It looks now as though the Board of Pub- lio Works would quietly pass out of exist. ence without any attempt on tho part of the prosont Commissioners to prolong their offi- cial eareer, This ia at it should bo. Bincs the Council have datermined that the sala. ries of tho three Commissioners, ay well as tho expenses of a separate organization, can ‘bo saved, tho gontlemen who uow constitute the Board ought to be willing to concede an immediatoe trial of the now order.of things, 'The soparato branches of the service, which now simply consists of maintaining tho pub- lio works in good condition, will be subor- dinato and responsible to the Mayor until it shall ba deemed desirablo to appoint a singlo Commissionor with general supervision. ‘['hin will increase the dutics and vesponsibili. tles of tho Mayor to eowme extent, but the onlargomont of his sphere will bo an induce- ment to give even more time and greater personal attontion to the publio service. ‘Tho tden entertained by many people that the change from tho presout system of welghts and measures to the decimal plan would be attended with great trouble, fs erroncous, The use of radically differont words would prevent con- fuslon, and the near equivalonce of the meas- ures {n muny cases would soon cnable even the dullest mind to think tn the now system. Tako tho measures of length, for examuple. The unit of length 18 the sneter, the exact oquivalent of which s a ponderous declmal, DBus that uuit is very nearly equal to 40inches,—sonearly equal to it that in rough measuroments the meter may bo takenas 40 inches, Then, the teath pars of & meter—~tho doclnetor—Iis equal to four inches;. the hundredth part of tho meter~the contl- meter—equals four-tenths of au fnclh; and the milllmeter is one-twenty-Aith part of an inch. In tho other direction we hava the kilometer, or 1,000 meters, which is almoat exactly five-elgliths of » milo; and tho myriametor (s gix and one- fourtl inlles. -~ ; Similarly in measuyes of capacity and weight, The kilogram (1,000 grams), which is the must convenlent'unit for ordinary purposes, is nearly equal to two and two-tenths pounds. ‘The liter ls a measurgof water that welghs one kilogram. The liter is cight-ninths of 8 quart; 80} liters are mearly equal to one mcusured bushel; the bushel of wheat (60 1bs) 15 equal to 271-5 kilogramns; the bushel of porn (50 1bs) 43 nlittle less than 233§ kilograms; nnd the bushel of barley “s lttlo less than 32 kilograms; bushel of oats (83 Ibs) ‘s 141 Conversely, tho decaliter (10 liters) fs near], equalto U quarts, or 2i gallons; and 4 Kitollter, (1,000 liters) which hiolds ona lmmuI° or 1,000 kiloliters, i equal to. 0% gattore™ 73 barrels of B0 gallons cach, or 8 barrels’ oy 2756 gnllons cach. Our ordinary barrel mn tafns almost preclsely 134 hectolitera, i The chief obstacle that exists in the way of using the new system conslsts of the ‘want Dl knowledgo of the value of the terms used, ’n: difficulty would soon vanish by making a fo : such comparisons as the above. When Ppeoy |w enn onco get fnto thelr henda that the lmlgl.:p“: an ordinary man s 1.7 meters; that the width of an ordinary doorway is about nine-tenthy of ametery that a liter of milk delivered at th door is worth about 5 ccnts; and llmt‘lkno? grams of fce fa tha usunl dally supply for s small fanily in the summer acason, tho ney system will bo all but adopted, —— SHARP BHOOTING, Thero hns heen somo sharp shiooting fn In. dlana between the Btats Central Committeg Chairmen, of which tho following 18 8 specimep, We think FrizpLey pinched bls man neatly; 3 fllN.s Mtnggx’fin:nzm RDIANATOLIR, Scpt, 70, ~Col, G Fricdley, Chnirmanteice, Jntanimotte o sl fon. l1zNnT WATTRRAON, 0f Loulnvilic, Ky, will b fn tlia clty thin evening, T writo to kniw i} ou will consent to a debnte between him and the Tos, 1, IL Biustow, al the Acadomy of Muaj this evening, Hoping It will sult. yon to ana, for n discunslon between thoao two distinguishey Kentuckians, and that I mn{ he informed of it oy 1) ;o while thy kllograms, the recelpt of this, I am trufy yours, M. D, MWansod, Chalrman, COL, PRIEDLEY'S KEPLY, s IxpraNAvoLte, Sept, 18, 1870, — Gen, M, 1), 10n, Chairman Democratle Stale Central ” {ee—Dran 8in: Your note, inviting Gen, Biisrow toa joint discussion with Mr, HzNny Warrensoy 18 jnat received. In view of the fact that & pr tion for a Joint diacusslon betwaen the lion Bunnowa and tholon, 1, W. Yoousxes hasnot becn accopted, and In view of tho further fact that 3ir, HExviicks hns through you declined n conteat with Senator Montox, wa supposcd wo had the rlght to arsume that your paliey wx to avola dis. cursion, an theroforo we lave arranged mectingy for our spenkers, at which we arc not willing to furnleh sudlences for your speakers, such as the, would fall to sccure, “Gen. Bnisrow’ s ndvertis for o mpoech horo to-uight, Mr. WATTERsox |5 not. No opportunity hias been glven to hava ag cqual numbgr of your party presont to hear Gen, Baustow, W therefore very respecifully decling your proposition, Ver{‘mly yours, Q. W, Frrgprey, Chalrman, ——— The politieal canvass in North Carolina i nearly os hot and energetic as that in Indlans, —Dbut with this difference, that neither slde hy a8 yet recelved any outaido hielp. The Republie ans aro making a magnolflcent fizht, and hase strong liopes of carrying the State. Thero fs g Iargze Repubtican whito element in North Caror loo—nearly as large in fact us the colored—and this accounts for the comparative absence of murder and terrorfem practiced upon thie blacks in that State, the white Republicans belng nue merous enough to protect them from assassins. tion by the Demoerats, The Ralelgh (N. C) Constitution of the 10th Inst. speaks thus ene couragingly of the praspects: This State is being convazsed now, and wil| until the electlon, '%m. more mmugnm.,'u',’fi more onergy, and more enthnslarm thun during any former campalgn, tho campaign of 1840 ot oxcept. ed. Bolhsldesarodoingthelr lovel best, Tbe}!wpk are being nddressod overy day in hundreds of locale ities, We ure constantly in r('wl"lt.ul cheoring In- formation from all parts of the Weat. Judge fiw ‘r..i will gain largely on Gov. CALDWELL's Vote in all the counties west of the Yadkin Rlver. Iis wrill galn heavily on Gov. Vanck west of the Blos Tidge, All the'signa in tho weat {ndicate butone thing, and that 18 the triumphant election of our 8tato ticket, And we Leg to assnro our readen tual we are not writing for offect, but that woare In sohor earnest in tho calculations we are making, ana that theso calcnlations are based on authentle and rellable informatlon from the countica west of Italoigh, And we also ecnd greeting to our west- orn friends the gratifying fact that the east {ua unl!;' that tho fires of Repubilcan enthfsiaam are hrl‘? iy burning from lalelgh to the sea-shore, ond that we shall make large galns for BETTLE an Surra {n all the custern countles. We aro galning liero and In all tho cust In the white vote, while the colored vote 1s ns solld as an iron wedge, and wili be rolled uun larger volume than has been resl ized since 1808, i Fromtho tone of theDemocratic organs, such as the Chicago Times, one would be juclined to belteve that Mr, LymAN TRUMBULL was a quits recent convert to the Democratic party, But,if people will refer back to 1873, they will fod that he took an active part in the Presidentiad campaign of that year against tho Republican party. On the evening of July 29, 1872, he al- dressed a great Democratie ratification meeting in this city, at which the newspapers reported therawere 12,000 people. Thospeechhodellvered on that occasfon was full of the same bltter- ness and misrepresentation as that made a few evenings ago in Farwell Hail. After the dis astrous tormination of that campaign’ for 3in TrumnuLL's side of the fight, hio retired to his ofllce and his law-books, and has been compars- tively quiet. politically until recontly, Once moro ho hws taken to the stump to scckre ‘vengo upon the Republicans for not giving him o llfe termn In the United Btates Senate, as thres terma of elghteen years did not satiafy his am- bitlon, or make him feel that tho party bad dealt falrly with him, % i In references to the actions of the Turkish Goverument the word * Porte” s frequently used. The question was submitted to the Su blime Ports; the Porte declded to prosceute the war; tho Porte refused an armistice, ete. Some readers do not understand the meaning of the term. It eltmply means the Government of the Turkish Emplre, and 18 nearly equivalcnt to the term Cabluet. Tho wonl {tsclf is from the Latin porla, o mate, and Sublime Porle means MNterally the gato of the Snltan's palacs where Justlco was administered. When wo read, theo, of uctions ur determinations of the Porte,t amounts to the sune thing ns saying the Turkish Cublnet or Government has done or declded 80 und so. ————— PERSONAL, Mr. Beecher opons hia lecturing soasan {n Toroold noxt Mondsy night. V. 8. Grant, Jr., tho President's son, was in fan Francisco last wuok. The stolen Gatnesborough painting has not beea recovered in Vienna, as reported, . Vollclon David, the muslcal composcr, died from o pulmonary complaint brought on by tho ex* cessive uso of tabacco, Thp first complete oditlon of Janica Russell Low- ell's pocms, recently published, ja dodlcated 90 George Willinn Cartls. Dr, Winship was an Inyalld in early lite, snd tnstead of being injured by . physical ezerclses, b0 always bolioved that ho was only enabled by mese! of thum to attain the age of manhood. The Now York correspondent of the Loulsville Courler-Journal says the atatuc of Mr, Seward It Madlson Squarc {s firmly atrapped to ita clalr, fo fear {t muy gup up and make & spcech. Tho Londord!Times pays Seribner's Monthly the high compliment of saylng that 1t lins not. s equs} in Englivh periodical fiterture, and it pronousce! 8t, Nicholas the beat magazine for boys aud girlé ia the world, s Srut marriago In Deadwood took place in Ihe thestre, at tho closs of the regular performancs Sopt. 1. The local print says that the Lride Wt seutiired lnan elogant eveulng costame,’ while **{he groom was jauntily dressed. ' The people of Philadelphia are reaping tho Ceo* tenulal horvest st last. Al the hotols ars full; tbe thoatres sro frequently sald up bofore the doors open, and the sound of rejolcing fv heard in 158 shope, whera the activity {s uuparsileled. Mr. George Westiughouse la having an fnterest iog contzovorsy In the Longon papers with the pro- prictor of o vacunia brake. le propoacs that & trlal of the two vystems of brakes bo mads upon parallel lnes, st tho smmo time, undor exssty similar conditions, Dr. Tolland ts called on to explaiu the statemes made by him & yesr ago, to the effoct that Prof. Jenaud had expressad the opinfon that there vb; o casa at all agalnst Mr., Buecker, Prof. Kenso Lias written to a {riund that ho never sald soythisés verbally or fn writtag, on tho subject. i The London Zelegraph devotes a column of Vi editorial spsce to the tsak of domolishing 3r- J: Parker Norrls,—*'tho well-known ulnklp:l“"“: cditor, *—who proposed in & Philadelphis pape that Shakspeare's remnains should be nmur:fll : aud photographed. ITuasmuch pa dr. J. Parke Norrla’ ¢vil gonius can extend only over the luurl‘z remains of the poet, hiu suggestion in regat 2 tho grave sy be contowpinously diemlasod 1a