Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 26, 1876, Page 9

THE CHICAGO 'TRIBUNI: SATURDAY, AUGUST £6, 1876— TEN PAGES. LITERATURE. An Historical Sketch of the Culture of Silk. Origin and Progress of the In- dustry in the United States, The Life and Public Scr- vices of Rutherford B. Iayes. An Epic---The Japancse Port of Yokohama---A Woman 119 Years Old, Flora Round About Chicago==The Verbena Family. Mud-Fishes-----Explorationss----Kergue- len's-Land Cabbage---Brit- ish Oysters, LITERATURE. SILT THE SILR-INDUSTRY 7onT PUEFARED FOR THR CENTENN1AL Pxrosi- qoN. By b P. Buookker, M, D, Bvo., pp. X t: Americyn News Company, AMERICA: A Ths- o New Yo Price, &1.50. The culture of &ilk orizinated with that most wnclent and ingenfous people tnhabiting the Ce- lestlal Emplre. The exact date at which it was sSegun cannot now be determined; but, accord- g to thelr natlonal records, the wife of * Hoangtl, the third Emperor of China, proved the practieability of rearing silk-worms, and of aslng the thread which they spun in the mann- Iacture of dress-fabrics. It s clalined by the Chiucse that Hoangtl flourished about 2,700 B. C.; Lut, by safer calculations, ft is estimated that his reign commenced 1,700 B. C After his reduction of the term there remains the cnormous perlod of mearly 3,600 years during which the Chinese have bLeen engaged in the cenlture and manufacture of siik. The products of their Jooms were carly transported by Tartar cora- vans to the werchauts of Persla and Arabia: and several centurles before the Christinn cray the silk-ndustry had been introduced Into Japun, and into the provinces of Northern India. The Orfentals Jealously suarded the scerct of the manufacture, and, for 1,200 or 1,500 years after silks were imported Into Eastern Europe, the sy ree of tho texture was unknown. It was generally belleved to be a vegetable product, or possibly the web of some splder or beetle, Aristotle I3 the oldest Greek writer who men- tions sill3 but, before his day, the raw materful had been brought to Cos, and there manufae- tured Into.n ganze 60 thin aud fne that It was called *woven wind.” The webs of Cos and of otlier cities of Greeeo and Syriu were sold for tlelr weight In goldy—the cost of the Wore brought from the Far Eust belng so excessive. Even at this great price the wealthy citizens of Rome were large consumers of the dainty fubrics, until Tlverius probibited their being worn by men. The satirists of the time branded with shume those of ¢ither sex who were ¢lad In the trans- sarent tissues of Cos, Aurcllan refused hig wife n silk robg on_acevunt of its extravagant s0st, aml of the evil influence upon his subjects of such Royal Indulgenees When Justinfan, in the sixth century, engaged In o war with the Purstans, the supply of raw silk, which had been Lrought from Chiva through their intervention us carrviurs, was cut- Sff, and the trade was for w time extinct ‘hroughout t1e Empire. In 553 a couple of Nestorian wonke, who had been scrving us misslonaries in Asin, brought to the Emperor u pnckoge of sitkwormecggs, whicht they hud con- vealed fn the bottom of thelr pilgrim-stuves, wd, with the preclous consignment, gave hiin mstruetlon in the mecs of slik<ulture ornticed by the Chinese. By this fortunate circumstance Justinlwn - wus cnnbled to estublish the sillindustry in Italy, and by its Tevenue to restore his depleted troas- ury. Although produced within his duminiuns, Justiniun raised the price of silk to eluzhit thnes {ts formercostyand the prive of the Royal purpleto twenty-faur tines the previous price. Thu wo- nupoly ceased with his deuth, ond the production of elil specdlly spreud through Turkey and Asls Minor, An interneelne war In Chin in 877 destrayed all its qorelgn commerce for more thun sixty years; yet soindependent of thls source D the sl countrlesol Western Asinand Eakt- ern Europe leeome, that noappreclable effect wis felt upon the prices of thelr products, The citles of Greeee malitalned a supremaey i the [ndus- try until the wwellth t'cuulr{‘ Prior to this, tlie Arabs hud carried o knowledgze of silk-cul- ture futo Northern Afrlea, Spaln, Portugal, and Sfelly. At the commencement of the tharteenth sentury, Venlee und s b become fuceessfut comPetitors In the enterprise; und Floren deng, and Bologna soon fullowed tlieir example. Specimens ol velvets had been Imported tuto Enrope from Ching and Persta in the thirteenth centurys amd, 0 hundred yeavs ery the't manuiacture was begun fn Florence, Flanders. T ure of silk preceded the culture of the mulberry and the rearing of the sikworm T Fronce, as £ bud dote in Greecs nud - taly, The first attempts at weaving silk-goods were made nt Tours, and perhaps ut Lyons, as carly 28 the thifteenth century, The manufactory ut Tours was greatly ferensed by Lous 1X., who also endenvored, with fndifferent result: troduce the production of silk, Suw monarchis renewed Lils attempts, but it w unth the reign ot Henry 1V, that silk was fully established i France. ‘The foundation uf this ndustry cost the King 500,000 livres; but the nivney wos well-invest. 2 for thie commerpial welfuré of his country. 18y the cxpalsiun of the Huguenots, i the reizn i Louts 21V, the silk-manmetare of France received wdendly Blow. Fhis seet were nmrlf’ all engugzed In e varjous branchies of the busk: ¢ss, atd, by thelrbulshiment, the sill-looms of Lyons werd redued trom 18,000 Lo 4,000, anil hose of Tours trom 11,000 to 1,200, while the silk-mills of the lutter ity were reduced from S0 to 0. One bundred thousand Huguenots land, und were the meaus of settling e sitk-tunnufucture o that island upon g firm basla. The cthmate forbldy the ralsing of the slioworm i Englind, hut, for sume yenrs after nuigzration of the Futzuenots, Euglish silks ssely replaced the fabel3 of France ' Euro- ean tarsets, The fndustry suffered severely n Eugland from the commerclal treaty of 15 and, sines At tie, Fraueo s regaiued it old eI Ucy, d and Germany derlve a considera- ue fron the manufucture of gitk, the erial for which I3 insome part prodieed within thele uwn domaln, Belgiom and Hol- Jud huve for centuries munulactured velyets und eating of thu fivst quality, from sllk of en productiu uliure in A to the pro century. tabllshment of Euglish colony in Jamues I, conceived the idea of suppl; Jooms of the muther-country with silk geowu In bl new dependeney. 1l gave peremptory orders to the planters of Vieginia that mulberry-tiees werete be cultivated and sllkworms reared, The trees and silkworn-eges were rent over from England, and a tiue of £10 was imnosed upon cvery planter who falled to rulze ut least teny mulbéiry-trees on every 100 neres of his es- tuth, Under thls camputsory legislation, sl culture was tolerably well sustuned, i 165 157, the Colunis) Asicibly olfercd 10,000 s of toba.co tu every planter who rhould export fn a single year raw sk or cocools worth Axod; snd 4,00 s uf lohazco to uny planter who devoted himsell excltisively to sllk-culture, ‘Plese is wo record of Lhese premiums ever buving been carned, ml In 1636 they were withdrawn, Three yoars lutery the production of silk wus virtustly ubandoned 1 Virg.nla, ulthiough vccasionuily silka of Lionies wanuiucture dee ruted the persons uf the Cole Unists ol oicisiung of URUsUGL COREIGONY OF tustivity, Thedr weavers felt o justiliuble pride In the-C domestle fabricsy b, vompared “with the ftegoors nevd by modern by uad belles, v ntesior textiare, bemg b i volurs Gid nat stand well, CLive i Justre?? len I not an enterprlse o & The Caluzlal vernuent of Grorgia mte Eruat eXertive Lo encotrade the silk-luduatry, and with promising returns. In 1735, 8 pounds of raw wllk were rent from Savannah to En- gland, In 1350 the expat had inereased to TLIK0 pounds, anid was of sueh flne quality that ftosold for 2 or 3 shifllinga a pound more than any other wlk brought into the market, A filature bad been previously established at Savannal, und was fu successful operation. n fire occurring nt this manufactory in 175 8,000 pounds of vocoous and a cunsiderable amount of raw silk were consumed, Shortly afterward the rilk-industry began to decling In Georizla, and was never revived. In South Car- ollna, 6lk was produeed, before the War of the Tevolution, in small quantitics, but of excellent quality, In Connectient, the growth of the white mulberry waa begun in Manstleld in 1702, The culture of the trees was encouraged by o bounty, which was afterward extended to the production of silk, As o domestic {ndustey, the reating of worms and manufacture of allic- en fabries was guite ecxmml in thia State until 1820 or 18%. In Maneticld alone, tho silk- gruwers received annually, from 1520 to 1530, Rout 5,000 for thelr products. Penneylvania lLegaii the silk-culture in 1707 or 17083 and, later, Nuew Jereey snd New York gave some regard to the oceupation, It was_maintained for a lttle time in Mary- land nnd Delaware, and was__attempted also n Massnchusetts, Vermont, New Iump- alilre, and Maine. Even fn [linofa the French colonists commenced the rearing of silkworing at an early day. About the time of the War of 1812-'15, €11k culture was introduced Into Ken tucky by the Moravians, aud into Tennessee by emigrants from Georgla or South Curolina. In'18% the subjeet of the silk-business was agitated in Cun¥ms; and o Committee up- l)umlud to nvestizate the matter reported thut n 1821 the Import of silk-gonds fnto the United States amounnted to $4,456,94: in 182, to 80,713,771 ond {n 185, to #10,271,527, It wns contended thit this amount of silk could have been produced upon our ewn foil; and much fnquiry was istigated as to the ways and means by which in the future the country could be spared Lhe necessity of fmporting the products of forelgn silk-dooms. Mr. Peter 8, Duponceatt was one of the persous most interested in the question; audy alter A Tuilure fn obtaining n subsidy from the Guvernment for thie pur- pose, he cstublished, at Jis own expense, o filature in Philadelphia, which produced very creditable specimenn of silk, For several years Mr. Duponceati devoted all his energies to the encouragement of the manufacture: but in Isi6 or 1337, fn consequence of the disastrous results of the wild speculation in the Morus dtieardis, and of the general depression of the husiness of the country, he closed bis Hature and cocooneries, and relinquished active interest in the silk-enterp Another of the ploneers in the Important manufucture was Mr. Jonathan 11, Cubb, of Dedham, who prepared o manual fur the in- struction of silk-wrowers; Invented a silk-reel, which wis n great improvement over thuse hie- fore in use; foumded the New-England Silk Company, and built a null at Dedliam, with a capacity” for producdng 200 pounds of ucwlnfi slik per week, nnd also of munufuctucing sill and eotton goods, In the \»mh: of 1830 Mr. Cobib was i jjeavy Joser, and lie bocame bank- rapt the fullowlng year in cunsequence of the fon in the business in which ho had em- Mr. Cobb subsequently recovered his but thenceforth withidrew alinost y trom the sil-manufacture, ¢ fallure in the culture of the Jlorus Wulti- canlizy and the Llight that attacked the mule herry-trees in 1844, caused o suspension through- out the country v eflorts to rear the silkworm, Sinee then no attanpt on a large seale to revive the fudustry lus Leen made i the Atlantle States. 1n the vieiuity of New Orleane, a quan- tity of mulberry-trees were planted by the carly French colunists, aud In thege the tocoons of native Insects are quite plentitul, From 1571 to 157ty nu Itadian numed” Bocn engaged in the renrfng of silkworius upon these trees, shipping tie cocoons and cges to Italy, His Involes durlug 15734 were satd to smount to $10,000, e ratecd three erops_of cocoons per year, and they were pronouneed In Milan superfor to any produced in that purt of Taly. Luethe past twenty years™ experlments lave been purstied fnthe growih of the sikworn In California, ‘The expurt of slkworm-eygs to Trunce und Ttaly now amotnts to several thou- sand of dullers unnusly. Thus for the enter- prbse s not proceeded Levond the rearing of g, for which there Is a great demnnd, owlng tu the contagdons diseuse alleeting the worms in Europe. There Is no present prospect that the proauction of sill can be made proituble in the Lnited States, ‘The art of reeling hus never e ired here, and foreiun us well as native Jabor is tow dear. ** In China or Japan, thie skilled labor of the artisan,inherited through more than 1hirty centuries of tiw saume Kiud of toily b amply repald by from 5 to 10centsa day,” un uxpert cemitgman will re per- fectly 134 to 2 pounds of silk a week, In Amerien the poorest Chineze recler would des el from 36 cents to $1on day,—a price which rafses the cost of Taw silk far beyond that of the fmporte] material, Up to 154, the manufacture of silk in the Uuited States was purely o domestle tndustry 3 bty {n this year, the first sill-mill was built at Manstleld, Conne, by Roduey and Horatio Hawks, who undertook, with ndifferent suecess, ¢ manufacture of sewig silk. Tn 1315, Wik 11, Horstman estubidshed the sceond Amerlean silk-mannfactory,at Phludephia. The making of trimmlings, 1fazes, varrow goods, ete., was Tiere attempted. In 1524, My, Horstuian set up inhilsestablistinent the frst Jacquard loom that was Lrought over to this countrys and, i 1837, Iis son aml successor lntroduced puwer-loom wenving for nnreow fabrles, Fhg house founded by Me. Horstman 18 now one of the luvgest, as ICia the ohdest, in the country, 4, o manufactory of ribhons from Amer- i o brdef (Xistence in Baltimore, In 1627-15, the Manafleld Silk_Company, which has the eredit of budlding thie frst silk-mill that was practically suecessful, was forimed by six enter- prising renticuel In 18U0, the manufacture of sik fringes, thy i was commenced In New Yorle; and, in 1o, o silk-mill was erect- ol In Florenee, Mass, After u vurled expe- rlence of goud and Il fortune, the enter- prise ut the Tatter place lus become hlghly pros- perons, employing ut present GO0 uperatives, and consuming unnuuily 100,000 puunds of raw silk. The years between 1852 ad 1580 were prolitle intlie formutlon of silkk companfes, which, In the najority of cases, terminated thelr carer u- gloriounly. The extensive and_ flourishing house of the Chieney Brothers, ut South Manchester, Conn, wits fotnded In 18383 and the fivst manifactory at Paterson, the Lyons of Amerien, hud its orlgin in 1810, But space s wanling for u mention of the muny flems which have sibce en- gaged in the silk-inanufacture, In 1572, the Silk Assoviatlon of America was urganized In New York City, 4 thmns and companies uniting I the entabll=ument of the Boclety, The thied wunual repurt of the Assoclation, presented fn May, 1575, represents that there. were 150 sitk- manufucturing frms i the United States,—167 Delugz s New York, New dersey, Pennsylvaniu, Conueetleut, au® Ma lusctts,d ln Culiiornia, # In Obio, @ fn Nlinols, and 1 each in New Hnnp- shire, Vermont, Maryland, Missouri, and Kau- sas. The namber of uperatives ullnxh?'ell n 157 was 11473, viz: 5, males and U156 fe- males, The eapltal invested was veported nt 214,708,054, and the product of the year was S20sdn Of this product— The thrown ond spun #flks Mlllflllllli‘ll.‘“ 1,477,477 Tibbons. 745, 4t5 Latees, uraiis, und” teimmnings LA, L0t The fmports of raw +ilk in 1874 were 1,101,651 pounds, valied at $§,504, e yalue of wudaetured rilks 1 fnto New York during the yeur wis ol by neurly SL,100,000 JesS thau the s, cpurt o1 the Ansocation for the year @ that one-hatf of the silli-gou, I owr conntey are of hume-imiactys tukfu thefr quality into consideration, ure ¢ below that which roled woen foreisn admitted free of duty. I reviewing of the fndustry durig the past tury, it Is perhnps not” too mich to- sy o Berore thu dawn ol the twentieth cen- tury, we shall be exportine (nstead of importing S froods; that the moderate-peiced bt du- ble spun sliks will claim thele place us Lhe most econumicul uf dyesses for our Amcerican wonien while engmged dn their every-duy dutiea; und thiat the displny of lue vibhons, sliks, aud Velvets, grecting the eye of the visitor to the rand Exposition whiel, T this conutey whall weleome the beginning of o new ceutury of the Chrlstian crn, will greatly surpass the products ot Buropean lovms,” Alter this presentation, although In o hizhly- compressed torm, of o hstory of the silk in- dustry, und wore particalurly ot fts develop- mentin uur own colntey, it 13 unnecessary ta comntend the work which has sifurded us- our Informution. Tho book Is an admiraite mone- gruph on the subject, furnlshing a mues of statistics, the variety and extent ot which leave nuthing to b desired, "Plie conpllation reflects credit upen both tae author and the Bk Asso- ciatiun of Americn, under Whose ausplees it has been prepured, Were dhe history ol all the Industries pra teed dn the UmtedStales to be weltten oul In tue sutne extaustve manuer, the whole would form a litcrature of exceedlug value und suterest, , AN THE COF HADES Monny, Autlia f tsonuze mo., of e Philadeipling . B Lappacott & SEM s a pretentivas title for an author to apply to his owi pocins but, e the preseat casey W keeept ftous iutended werdy fu the renseof a narration, The fine tact and nssured yeb modest akill which Mr. Morris displays (n tho construetion of his work leave no room for the suspicion that vanity or affectation could nttach to Lils alms. The scheme of the *“Epleof Hlades” fs as follows: A dreamer, gazing upou a February landseape, §s led, by the pallid tints of earth sud sky, to fancy visions of that dim ghost- Iand where sonls after death wait in patfent durance for n passport to the Elyslan Flelds. In the poct's language: In February, when the dawn wan slow, And winds Iy stilly Tgazed upon the fields Which stretched before me lifcless, and the stream Which Inbored in tho dlatance to the sca, Sullen and cold, No forco of faney tovk My thought to bloamy June, whenail the land Waa deep in crested grase, and through the dew Tha lnndrail benshed, nnd the lush bank were aot With steawborrles, and the hot noie of bees Lulled the bright Rowers, Rather 1 seemed to move “Thro' that weird land, Hellenlc fancy feigned, Ieyond the fabled river and the hark Of Charon: and forthwith on every sldo Hore the {hin throng of ghost, Out of the host of shadowy figures retaining the forn and features worn on carth, but purg- ed of dross and purliled by the ordea) of sufler- ing and death, one and another are distingulsh- od by some peculinr beauty or majesty of mien, mulI heing addressed, vommuniente the history of their buman life, Thus, in unatrained and musieal verse, is alven an onginal verslon of a dozen or more of the ofd Greelan myths, All are felleltous in conception, and cmbellished with many eharming fancles; yet, without in- v‘ldk!\l!lwfl!" the preference may by accorded to “:\!nraylu’ and **Andromeda.” 'Fhio poem closes with therecital of ¥ Psyche,” who has already become an Inmate of *the in- most courts of Ieaven," but, with divine chari- ty, frequently descends to the reahn of Hades: Tiut romelimes still 1 come here for a little, and speuk 8 woril Of peace to those who walt, The cycles round themaclves and grow complete, Thu world's year whitens to the harvest-tide, And ono wtd auly am I sent o say T those dear souls who walt here, or who now Itreathe enrthly air,—one universnl word To all things living, and the word {a **Love." Then al the cholr of happy salting hades, Heroes and queens, falr matdens and brave youthe, Swent by me, rhythmic, elow, as It they trod Some atihcnrd measure, passing where { stood 1n falr procession, each with a falut smile Upon the lip, singing ** Farowell, oh shado! 1t ahall be well with thee, os 'tis with us, 1£ ouly thou art true.The world of L Tho world of Death, are but opposing Of one great orb, and the Light shines un both, " And 10 thoy pasiod away. ——— Gov, THE LIFE, PUBLIC SERVIC! fil;fijil}{ll-:lsl or IlU’{HBHl‘UIH) i . Q. Howann, 1¥mo, . 200, Clocin- et Rovert Ciarko & Cor 1 The record of the years of Rutherford B. Mayes I8 set down in this velume in a candid, straightforward manner, thal produces a con- vietfon of its veracity. Thero s no attempt to exaggerate or to disguise the simple truth. That {8 suflivient of itscif to reveal to us a thop- oughly-manly character, houest, upright, un- pretending, and generous-hearted. From the begluning of lils career to ghe present hour, in the different attitudes of youth and aduithood, s student, lawyer, soldier, Governor, goeutle- an, and scholar, Rutherford B, Hayes has con- ducted Mmsell with an honorable bearing that cotnmands every observer's profound respect. Not alone as 8 campalgn-document, but asa blography of a shugularly pure o ‘estimablo man and dtizen, this book will be read by all with foterest and benedit 'BOOKS RE IHINTS ON Tl SE THE MICROSCOFE Bears By Joux Puj nologist. 1Gmo., pp. 141, Industrial Publication Company. AT i COUNCILOR Lo NaneLess Hise ony. By E. Mantirr. Translsted from the Gornian by M. A, L WistER 120, pp. 350, Philadeiphin: J. B, Lippincott & Co. IVE MEN: Seves Leetunee. By New oand Revised James K. REPRESEN Raren WaLbo Evenson, Edition. 18mo., pp. 231 Dxo0d & Co, OV1l), Dy the Rov. ALrnep Master of hing Edward V1.'s N ford. 10mo., " pp. 168, Philadelphl Lippincott & Co. 1k SCIL: LTIC: ron Hhwen Uoston: rice, $1. NCE OF ARITI Nouaar Scnoows, Pureanatony Du- 78 T0 COLLEGES, AND ACADEMIES. Ly Epwanp O Profe~sor of Mathematica in the University of Michigan, and Author of a Serlea of Mathumatical Yext-Books, T2mo,, gY. 204, New York: Sheldun & Co. Price, PERTODICALS RECEIVED. +Now York). +*War-Memioirs, " by Gon. George A omination and' Election of Alirshaun Lincoln: Account of 1ifs Admini X Dy Gideon Wellea ** Duy and Nlght," Yourditiong +*Stadenn Violet Galary for September (Sheldon. Canienta ., by Wiillain Black: Toughies of Nature," by *Shall We Drnk Winoi " by *irs Heplieat Vi v Old Ben's Trus John Burrougnaj fi_lh\.‘fl Ithudes 5 Ittakor; Story of an 014 Doy, by Charles T, “tour lanch at Zion," by Henry dley “rle Frinzed Gentfan,'” by A. M.V, 1. tlho Bones of Speech,' by Nichard Grant AL Sen,” by . 8,1 VA Perslan +Souvenirx of u Man of Letters,™ by ) Wi, by P ip Guillh sclentitic Miscellany:" ** Current Litvrature; Nebikie, " by the emtor. Hiplucottia Nagazne | for September, (1. D. pplncott "% Phlladelpbial. Contents: e Centurs—Its Fruits and its Fstival, Part 1N, Tie House of the ron Hnnd 3 * Laplund **The Queen of Spades, '’ a Story from the Itus- stan of * Pusbikln, " by ‘Arthur Venuor: ©* Onn Hmseton in Cae, " by Robert MeLeods = The Uslelietn Mleston, " & Pacti, by Mary i Dodiies S n South Africa,' No. s, by Ly 1 ove 1n Ldlencss," Part 11, by Ellen Olney; **on the £ 5 hrd by’ Robert Wil * by Sidney Lanler: ¥ G with u ¢ Fund, " Con- cluding Paper, by it Davey Our Monthly "+ Literatnro of the D lis for September (Neribi Co., New York), Amoni the notable articles In thix num- ber are: *The Land of the Grize,"" by Ll Woed; ** A Taste for Reading, " by Ulive Thorne; *John l)(mlu]]ulm," by Laurs” E, Riclurds; *low the Children Crafeed In the Wate Witch, " by E, W, 3 **'The Racew at S| By, " b ng Duving ** Ros) Children's Purty," by Coiny, " by G, D, Mew. Oipliant; and 10 Boy-Emigrants, " by Nouli liruoks, Catholle World for September (Catholic Publien- tlon Hloure, New York), Contentst **The Itlse of Netiglous Liberly 'in the Luited Statea"s SeAunlal’ s+ SEx Sunny Mantha''s A Jouriey to the Land of Milhnrds A Quaint Oid Studio in omo, o Queer Old Iy Pie- ters of n One Hun (puetry); Protestant 1ishop on Confexsion ' 4. amony the Rlowas and Comuneches™ s De Vere's *Uihuman n' Becket Vs 4o le Prisoner of Chil- lon'; ** New rublications." Amertean Houkaeller for Aug, 15 (Americun News Company, Kew York), : TUE FORTUN OF MIsSS FALLEN. [Cammbinicated. | Like n pearl umonyg the sands on the sea- shore fs the romance of *The Fortunes of Miss Fallen ™ smong the average novels of the day. Chirtstine Fullen fs o ant-girl, pifted with u delleate beauty, aud retined aud oble in* stinets, Deserted by her peasant-lover, she ut Tength becomes the wife of an gccomplished Fugelish gentleman, who finds her I the heanti- fund, und bears her to s Engliah Incilents are fow, mnl the churm of ding of o pure and und in the sketehes of Gern Hte and ey whleiy form {18 harmoniotis bi k- ground, OF conspleuons excellencu is o gruph scr pion of the fon-Play uf the Quers u—thut mueh misnnderatood draiig, pertormed every decade by th Phe motlves of this repr of Ity wonliriul power, sented with buch force wid bestty that we no Janzzer wonder #1f more than 75,000 people tind thelr way in one season ucross the seds wind over mountafu-barriers, to witness 163 and that “fPhere must be In the pluy anobler clement than charucterlzes even Shukspeure's loltlest creutions.” SPARKS OF SCIENCE, FLORA ROUND AROUT CHICAGO. Tug VErugsa Fasuny,—In the late suutmer- months, the open, uncultivated spaces round ubout, particularly In South Chleago, ure pirple with the blossoms of the Blue Vervain (Verbena hustats), und the Hoary Vi in (1% atricta). The effeet Te highly pleasing, for the color is solt and ugreeable to the eye, und, in browd mmasses, produces o gruteful fntiuence inenlivening the landscape, ‘Tho lowers ure ussembled fu crowd- ed spikes,—those of the Vi hastata being more slender thau do the V. stricta, and of a deeper tint, und they ure burne by plants of so course un aspect as to merit clussldeation omong the Tomely-weeds; nevertheless, they have o gulet chai ot thelr awa, which affords o genulue gratitication to the gower-luver, Intvactably S us thelr spikes scem to be, comblued with soft, graceful follage, T'he slow wheel tnrne they can be worked fnto pretty bouquets thot are not unworthy aplacein a lady's parlor. No house need be without the nurivaled ornne ment of flowers 80 long s the waste places con- tinue fn bloom. By alittle exerdso of taste and fngenuity, artlstic and beantiful floral dee- oratlons ean ho construeted of thy humble twining and upright plants, of inilnitely varied folinge, hue, aud habit, that grow in spontane- ous abundance by the waysldes, along the rail- roads and the take-shore, aud In cvery bt of unimproved grove-lnd. North of Riverside, a tocallty I8 pointed out where the Verbena angustijolla moy be found. This specles nttaing the hejght of onfy 18 nches at most, whereas the two_previously mentloned are oralnarlly 3 or 4 feet tall,” and some- tin stretch up to a heleht of feet. In the woods at Riversile and Calumet, the occurrence of the Wihite On the Vervain (17 ur"cifoling Ts been noted. Ilitnois Railroad, within the city limits aul southward, the ¥, bracteosa 18 quite common. Is o prostrite plant, forming, when in blossom in June und July, pretty mats of purple and ree. It is in this genus that tho garden Verbenns belong. Thelr nutive home fs Drazil, mud, out of threg or four orleinal species, the florists have produeed o seenthizly-endliss varlety, At Harleny, and_on % banks of the Des- blaines River, the Fog-Frult SM"M lanecolata) s az home, 1t §a n low, ereeping plant, expand- ing it8 bluish-white flowers from July to Sep- tember, In the woods and copses, the Lopsecd (Phryma Leptostachya) 18 quite commuon, 1t s an oddly-proportioned plant, with large, thin Teaves, ind delleate, clongated spikes of smiall, rose-colored lowere, in blovm in July, This termlnates our Lrief llst of the Ter- benavee, or Verbenn Family. Only sixteen spe- cles ure enumernted fo the flors of the United States east of thq Mississippl, and of thess we hmve seven. 'The order inclides nearly 800 spe- cles, but {s s}muel represented In the temper- nte reglons of the Northern Ilemispliere, It I8 cminently a Tropleal family, inhublting chiefly wurm conntries,—in South Amerlea, extending its babitat nto the cooler districts. 111 from Brazil that wegetseveralspecles of the Lantand, whichare prized elther for fragrance or beatity, In the genus Lippla, along with our Fog-Fruit, stands the Lemon-Verbenn, whose cexquisite perfume commenda it universally. ‘The onler lus mot muchh economic value, Some few specles are sald to posseas. wiedlcinal «qualities, The cherry-like fruit of tho Jremna eseudenta and of some’of the Lantanas is edible and the leaves of the Stachylarpheta jamalcensis are used to adatterate Chinese tea, One of the most important, le\uu betonging to the Verbena- ecetathe bdinn Cenkc ( Tectond grandis), This 18 o beautiful tree of giantle size, lifting its majes- tie head tar above all other denlzensof the East- Indfuan forests, Its oval leaves are from 1 to 2 feet Joug, and its large paniclen of white flow- ers are suceceded Ly drupes (stone-fruit) tho slze of a hnzel-nut, The stems of these trees are sometimes 200 feet long, and the timber they Turnish Is of the most cuduring quulity, Tt 13 1zt aud eastly worked, t8 not lable to the attacks of nsectsund incolorand texture is like coarse mahogany, It I8 cxtensively used in Tudla und Great Britain for ship-building, Of thelarge family of Avanthiads (Acanthacee), numbering somewliere uear 1,500 specics, we have only usingle represontative,—the Luelli cilfosay—ind this {8 ect down as of rare oceur- rence ot Riverside and Culumet. The plant grows from 1 to 2 fect high, fs covered with soft, whitish Lalrs, and has purple, funnel- formed flowers springing from the aslls of the leuyes. The Avanthuds conting themselives al- most excluslyely tothe Troples, very few spucies Letng found in the North 'Temperate Zone. Tho typical genus Aeanthus is fndlieenous to South- ctnt Burope; and froim the leaves of one of its pecies, tho A, mollis the Grecks borrowed the ornament of the Corlnthiau capltal. The leaves of the . apinose have been applied 1n Gothie architecture, Buth specles are twliing plants, with beautiful, aliintng leuves, nnd lurge, white Dblussoms, "Fiie nojorlty of the Acanthacer are destitute of attraction yet some exceptional gencry, 08 e Luelilay Justicia, wnd dphelandra nfford rhmlunf unusual lovellness, “The Thunbergia, rom Africy, 18 wmoug the favorlte climbing- plants (i use by our Horls MUD-FISHES, During the first vislt to South Ameriea of Natteren, the nuturalist, he discovered, In the waters of the Amuzans, a singular flsl-like spe- cles, uniting inats structure and habits charac- ) teristles of both the fishes and the amphiblans, The two specimens which he “obtained were pluced, on his return, in the Vienns Museum, Tn his deseription of the type, In 1839, he re- ferred {8 to the class of amphibluns, putting it next to the family of Sireny, and giving it the nawne of Leptdosiren,~—that 18 % sealy siren.” Iu the same year, Prof, Owen, of En; d, first matde kuown n closely-related gpeeles fuund in Afriean waters, ad contended that the position of the new types wa3 In the class of dshes. Within o Jew yeavs, a third type has been discovered in the rivers of Quecnsland, Austrulia, und doseribed under the nume bf Ceratoduy Foxterl, The three specles, Included in the fumily Lepldosirenidie, arc now, by cener- ul consent, concedeld to the class of flslies, of which they form tho highest order, Dipnor. Notwithstanding the Lepidosirens nre rauked amonyg the (ishes, they have many characters in common with the amphibians, and are, there- fore, to be regarded us o connectlng link be- tween these two divisions of the invertebrates, Lepidosiven paradoxa, which inhnbits the Amazan aml its tributaries, b 1 body, measuringe usunlly | 1 it T8 sald sometimes to attaln o g sl fo s covered with hoeny, overdapping seales, Its tail is fringed with o vertical fin, aid the pectoral and tral fins are developed as thread-like und ma ointed linbs, Its color ls a brownlsl- -ru{ or olive, Interrupted with clreu- far spots of u lghter Lue, e J'rotopterus annectons, Which oceurs n Gambla, Zanzibar, nnd Senewcal, rescmbles the nbove hlf:unuml features, but s, ou the upper Imm, of _nnolive-green hue, spotted with hrown or black, mid, on the luwer parts, of o violet tint. The Australian type, Ceraluduy Fos- feriy grows to the fength of trom 8 to 6 feet, and Is incused fn lavge eycloid seales, The skeleton ol the Lepidosivens {5 purtly osslfied and portly cartiluginous, and the creatures are provided with both gills and Inngs, by which they are enabled tolive In the water a8 do the fishes, or to dispense with this clement after the manner of the umphibions. The Lepifvsiven and Drofopterus inhablt tho waters of uarshy tracts, which, duruga portion of the ure drled-np, teaving exposed o hura, sin-baked sofl. On the approsch of thy dlry season, these enrlous fishes hurvow a cham- ber i thenud, in which they remaln until the return of the ralvs, From ‘this peenlior habit been popularly nomed Mud-Fishes. iens_ have been preserved alive (o aquarly 1 England® and on the Continent, and thelr Hee- history carefalty stiulled. ‘Fhey will cat any Kind of andmal food, but nunliest o preference for fr Wheh placed In o n tank with certaln awl smaller fishes, they pros having u destrueiiye of pching fuferfor members of the tril m the wider shle,and killing them by biting out a stngle pleve near the pectorat fins. After swallowlng this monthful, they often meddle no further with thelr murdereid victhn, Thy manner in which the Lepidusivens cons struct the eavity where they take refure duriue the period of drought bus been deseribed by un eve-witness, We take his account from an artcle republished An the Popular Science Monthly: »Two Irotupterl, thut hud beon re- stored to frecdom I,(ylh« gradunl solteniog of the dods in which they had been in- closed, evinced signs, alter Hving for a mouth o auw wquariung that the time bad come for them to seck, In the soft earth covercd by the water; the shelter which they require durdng the dry eeason, Their rest- lesaniess, thelr oftempts’ ot burrowing, sl showed un Irreslstible desire to find o medium dilferent from that [nwhich they then dyed. I therelore tool pains to surround them with conditlons anatogons to those they meet with when, after the water has vetreated, the soll thvet becomes dry, wind thew hanedens, The water i the aguariuny was drawn-off little by Hitle, us soon a8 the anfingls ad burrowed Into the mud, ks lud scarvely pasacd, und alremdy the hardened earth showedl i sumber of cracks; throngh thess o small quantity of air i3 ad- miftted, which suppurta resplvation, won' the seventleth day [ examined the earth, and found that the two aniinals had met with such conditlons as enabled them success- futly to lve through the artiticially-praduced dryseason; they were enveloped I covoons, wutd wers full of life, a8 wus showa by their no- tion on bielngs touched ever so lghtlys Thus the cocoott Is i protectivg shivath formed of the mucous secretion, ‘The abundant secre- tlon of mucus, I the st place, coats and strengthens the walls ot the burrow made by ¢ L'ratuplerus, sud heuce the subterrancous il which it had excavated lad jts shdcs smcoth, and, 88 it were, polished. T after the guunal hos reached the required depth, the seretion beeomes stlil more shundant, and the mucus drics, forming s membruueous envelope of remarkablo structire.” X PLORATTONS, The French Mintter of Public Instruction has placed under the charge of M., Ulalvy an ex- pudition futo Russia aud Central Asis, for e purpose of making cthmograpbicat, Tingulstic, and historleal researches, The party will sebont Tor 81, Petershurg the present manth, and thenee Ko to Moscow, Nijul-Novgorod, Kazan, and Irtusk, They will also deseend the Volza to the Caspian, and, A€ allowed by 1he Ruesian au- thorlties, penetrate into Turkistan and the Khanate of Khokun, returntug by way of Suuth- ern Siberta, Prof. J. B, Steere, of the Mlchigan University, who has been for the past year engaged fu a tour of ecxploratlon nmong the Philippine Istands, has returned with n large cotlection of Natural-History objects, nmony which are many noveltiva, Prof, 8ecre left Hongkong for Ma- nlla In May, 1874, and sailed trom the same port for smli'urum In A}Jrll of the present year. Meanwhile ba bas visited the Islands of Laizon, Palawan, Balabae, Mindano, Baslan, Panay, Guitnaras, Zebu, and Negras—making n atay on ench of from two to four weeks, and proscent- T his researches with great diligence, ‘The birda In his collection have been subimitted to R. Bowales 8harpe, of Engtand, for clssiflea- tlon. Among the new species alrendy deter- mined aro seven belonging to the group of Sun- blrds. M. Lauls Say has aunounced to the French Geograplienl Savlety thut he will undertake n Journey of exploration in North Afrlea fn the comingwinter. He will he aecompanled by AL Largenu, and make the object of his tour” the oyunln r of commercinl rontes between the basin of the 'Fcr and Algeria, with ports In the neh Calony for thelr outlets. The travelers will attempt fo penctrate the country of the *Fenareg, and explore themoutitains of Ahsugar, The wlllJlguruuy together from Constantine to Biskra, u(.'l;urc, and Wargla; und then, separating, M. 8ay wlll explore in Almggar while M. Largenu jzocs on to Timbictoo, Spain hos appolnted o Commission fo study the physical condition of the !’hlllp{yh\c Islands. T grunr comprises upward of 1,200 fatands, Iylug north of Borneo and Celebes, and very - tie regavding thelr uatural resources has been hitherto kuown. The Spanish Government, to which three-fourths of the population of the islauds are anbicct.m»w proposes tomake g earce ful survey of the whole group, investigating its antmal, vegetable, and_mineral products, The mountitin ranges, the forests, and the florn of the interior, will be cspeclal objects of obsurvas tion; and it 18 expeeted that many branches of, selentlfle fuquiry Wil profit by the Testiits. KERGUELEN’S-LAND CABBAGT. On that lone spot in the Southern Ocean, called Kerguelen's Land, there grows a curlous plant belonging to the Mustard tamlly (Cruci- Jere), and known us Kerguelen’s-Land Cabbage. Tt hins a long, stout root-stalk, and o dense head of leaves, resembling the common cabbage. The flavor of the root-stalk, aud of the white heart of the teaves, lins the pungency of horsc- radish or of mustard. The plunt ls sbundant fu all parta of the Ixlund, and I8 mueh sought as an anti-scorbutle by the erews of salling-vessels which touch nt the uYnl. Dr. Haoker, tho Director of the Kew Gardens, states, in his' recent. report, that seeds of the Kergulen's-Land Calbage (Pringlea antiscor- butica) have been received, both from the Chal- tenger and the Trunsit-of-Venus expeditions; from whivh n number of fh oung plants were raised, These have, however, nearly all per- ished.” The same fate lins befallen plants ratsed in the Hotanle Gardens at Paris, Edinbura, and Cape Colony,—sliowing that the Lringica con- not endure & warin climate, BRITISII OYSTERS. The oyster-beds of Greut Britain are being so over-dredged that there fs mminent danger of the extermination of tho deliclons bivalve in British waters. The Committee nppolnted by Parlinment to Ingnire into the means of avoid- ing such o ealamity advise, In thelr report, that « reneral * close-time " shall be establlshed, ex- tending from May 1 to Sept. 1, and that a pen- aity shall be fmposed upon all who buy or sell oysters during that season. In commenting upon the Committee's report, It s argued in Nature that, to protect the oyster securely, It Is cs- sentlal that no immature individuals’ should bo sold, Accordlng to the present wasteful economy of uyster-growers, 1 vist number of the nnimals are sent to market hefore they have reached the aie when they become reproductive, This, more than any reason, will account for he rapid dimfunution of the stock, The age at which the oyater breeds has not been deter- mined with exactness,—sonie declaring it to Le in the third year, snd others i the fourth, FERNS. The colleetton of ferns in the Kew (lardens, Tondon, included In 1523 only 40 specles, 1n 1820 the number had Leen hereased to 400, and 1 1857 to 600 specles, In 1881 1L wos esthinnted that the nuwber of ferna [n cultivation tn Great Britaln was 1,000, There nre now Known, in all the world, nbout 8,000 differcnt specice. Dur- fug the lust year, at least 50 new ones bave been discovered. FAMILIAR TALX. YOKOITAMA. When the Amerlean fleet commanded by Com- modore Perry sailed up the Bay of Yedo, in 1833, Yokohama was un Insfguiticant fishing vil- lugze of possibly o thousand souls. Its male ine habltants gained a livelllood by sweeplug the sea with thelr nets, or by assleting the women 1n the culture of the rice-swamps that surroumi- ed the place v every slde. The village, situa- ted midway petween the mouth of the Luy and Yedo, the Military Capltal of the Empire, wus chosen s the spot for concluding the treaty be- tween Japan and the Unted States. By the ar- ticles of conventlon which wers exchanged on the 8th of March, 1834, IInkoslate, fn Yezo, and 8lhlmodu, fn Idzu, were opened to Amerlean trade and commerce. In 1838, by a new treaty negotiated by the Ion, Townsend THurrls, Nu- gasukl, ou the Island of Kinsin, and Kanagawa, 3 miles ucross the bay from Yokohama amd 10 miles from Yedo, were added to the number‘of open porta, Instead,however,ofadmltting forelien comuierco to Kanogawa, sceording to the terms of the treaty, the Jupauese chose to make Yu- Kohama the future port, and Immedintely began there the construction of granite plers, o cus- tom-house, and dwellings nud storehouses for the forelgn merehants, For some time there was much dispute be- tween merchants and Ministers s to which pofut should be adopted s the place of resi- dences but finally the strife was settled [ fuvo of Yokohuma, und thither congregated the whole bady of foreign diplomats “aed traders. The Ltown Wus 1m‘;,'nlur|{ Tuld-out, and In the beginuing grew butslowly. In 1860 o fire con- sumed the greuter vart of (t, wnd upon the old wslies was bullt o elty having a greatly-improved Mkm.t' both materinly und morally, ‘okohatn, at the present time, hns o popula- tion of shout 5,00, OF this nuwber, only ubout 1,200 are furelgn realdents, and from 5,000 £0 6,000 ara temporary Inhabitants, composed of travelers, aid offleers el men lmfnug(n;.r to the navy and the merehant-marjue. — ‘The Chinese population of Yokolima fs estimuted at ahout 1,000, and fi all Japun at ahout 2,500, They ave elther money-changers and brokers, or clerks and artisans, ¢ Asa cluss,” says Mr, Gritlis, on whose statements we base this artlele, ** they fornn the most Industrious natlonality by Jupan, *Pliey buve thelr temple, vemetery, gullits, und henevolent ussociutiun but no Consuld or Mau- darin tu protect or tu guard theny, The sight of the fut, well-dressed, clesuly Chinese, so well-olled 1n his disposition and physigie, so de- fiantdy comfortuble in hfs idress, forees o con- trast between it and the Japunese." From thirty to i}ty craft of various kinds, and fiying the flags of many foreign nutions, are unually ut anchor in thu a})acluns harbor ol Yokotianu. The town itsell {s compuctly bullt of low wooden housvs,—the grenter part two- storfed, and the remainder of ono stary, forming the * hungalow ™ of the Orient. 'Flie forelizn settlement lles at the Jeft, onw plain nbout one mile square, tho native town: extends o the right, coverlng an equal space; and encircling 1l whole 13 o Funge ot hilis denomtunted * The Blaft.” Mong the ehore of thebay runs a broad, well-paved strect, skirting the forelgn settle- ment, wmd bordered_with dwellings uind hotels Tronting the water, The avenue o which stand the Hritleh and Ame lutes £5 set with broud beds of eve Ay melling, outside of the narrow stdewalks, The strects in this por- tion of the dty ure gus-tishted, nnd so cean that, even In wet weutlior, the pedestelan may fiud pleasunt \\‘ull.ln;i' 1 the curringe-wuy. Malin steeet, the Broadway of Yulonama, §s fined with stone-Laced stores, bunks, hotels, sud restuurants, with Plulw-gl:m witdowe, sud o brilHant displuy of ali concelvable fuies of merchundise, ¥ Beshde the Legations,” Mr. Griflis, “ure the e Amerleun hospl the Gienerdl and Brithsh hospitals, and the public gardens, On summier-evenings, one, of the panda trom the flag-ships stativned fu tho har- Lor plays in thescygardens; wiile oweg-, beas and bird-shows, wnd various sports aml umuse- ents, Hreworks, ete,, are Turnlshed by the most indefutiguble proprictor that ever catered topublictaste. Beyundthe *foreign coneession * of Lind—that fs, outside the Hmits of foreign dwellings—is the racc-vourst, un umple space of eround,” leveled, fenced, und furnished th buildivgs und spectators’ stunds, The raes eie hetd durine followed nvatiably by betaare pald. An”jucredibie umount. of excite- ment, lr\lly Hritish, I» gotatp vver Oriental horseflesh.! Migstonarfes of varlous sects aro zealously ln. boring to Cliristianize tho uative population of Yokonama; aud chuarclies wherg the Eplscopal, Cathutic, Unfon Protestant, and other conare- eatlons worship according to thelr respective rituals, ralse thefr splres heavenward, The English newspapers published in thecity are the Japan levald, the Japan Mall, dally and weeklys the Japan Gazelle, dnll?'; the Har monthly periodical of twelve pages; Japan Punchy n clever monthly, liltating in no ean mauner the sprightly fun of its London protatype, A French paper, L'Eeho du Japan, s lasued dally. The BIuil overlooking the city affurds beauti- ful sites for resldences, which aro heing rapldly appropriated. In the afternoon, relutes our hi- formant, when the business of the day is over and the dinuer-lour is still beyond, *the visitor on the Blufl sces very fine specimens of horse- flesl, good turn-outs, und plenty of pedesteian and equestrlan humanity oit for Irestyate, 'Phe telin door-yards, lawng, gurdens fenee, and hodpes lielp o make a pieture ol unexpected beauty, The villas and dwellings are not high,—bekg bupgatows of ane story, or housca of two storica, ‘Tnough uot remarkable ns architeetural triumphy, they nre picturesgue without und full of comfort within, Added to Lome-nttractions s the ever-present lovely scenc- ryof the Imf‘. the distant mountains, thepeericss Fujl, and the smiling valleys, Nearly ail the professlonal and nany of thie business men live on the BlufTy and, wiiether from the natural ale titude, the Inspiring freshness of the scenery, or otherwlae, the Blufl-dwellers ars apt to con- slder themscelves of nsllzlxfl?’-lumlmr sobial ore dder than thy inlabitants of the plalns. The Binft spreads over an frregalar triangic, and its surfuce §s rather unduluting. Many of tho dwellings are nuugl{ embosomed mnfdst groves or o the slopas nad in the lwilowa: but. most of them erown {ts spurs and ridges In conunand- Ingg positions.” + The predominating culture, thought, man- nere, dresg, aml houschold economy, In Yoko- Timnn,? adds Mr. Griflls, * as in ull Eastern ports. is English, Qutnumbering all tle othor nationalities, with the Yress, tho Church, the Bar, and the Banks In their own handss with thelr ever-present soldiers and wavy; with their unriyaled Clvil Service, which furnlslics so man, pentlemanly ofticials; und with most of the busl- ness under thelr control, the prevalonee of En- ghish thought and wethods {3 ensily accountel for. o o It must bo confesscd—and we chieerfully bear witness to what 13 a fact—that the predominating good influence in Jnpan {8 wlish, Some of the most prowinent and most highly-trusted forcign ofllelals of the Japancse - Government are Dnglish. The navy, the railways, the telegraphs, public wurks, and light-houses are nunnged by thom nlnms‘. exclustvelys and o Jarge part, i not most, of the business of the country ls in thelr hands, Some of the very Lust, and per- haps the majority, of lay students of, and schol- ars in, the dapaness hnguage are Euglishmen, Forall that goes to refing, elevate, and {mrlly soclety among forelguers, we ure largely ln- debted to the Englisi” B ONE HUNDRED AND NINFETEEN, Mme., Hulsenstefn, n lady who had once Leon Mald of 1onor to Marla Theresa, recently dled at Vieuna, at the advanced age of 110 years. The ense is well authentleated, und witl Turnish Mr. ‘Thom with a valued additlon to Lis seanty llst of centenarla LIEUT. BOYLE'S DUEL. Harper's Magazine. Many years ago [ was spending the summer at a fine old manslon in New Jersey, full of his- torical souvenirs, for it had once been the head- quarters of Gen, Washington, At tho time about which I um writing the cs- tate was In lithgation, and some cireumlocutory detay of the liw remdered [t necessury or con- venlent to-rent the munsion for a whileasa stmner boarding-house, with all the beautiful old-carved furniture und other lelongings, Even the valuable paintings were left on the walls of the drawlng-room, aud a pleture-gallery remained ntact, dolnz unwonted service as dinlog and danciing hull for us intruding Goths and Vandals, A beltof grand old trees deseribed asemi- clrele on the beautlful lnwn just s front of the honge, Bericath each tree was a marble statue the size of life. They represented the nine Muses; Isis, the Goddess of Imumortality; Ju- plter Pluvius, the delty of the watering-pot, and other heathien worthlea, Thele seulptors were certainly nelther Canova, nor Hivam Powers, nor yet Lhnt awlacious but exceedingly pretty Viuule Kemn, who s rendered heesell fmmor- tal by carying nnd cutting our grand martyred President, Stlll, scen at the proper *‘en- chanted ? distance, and bathed in soft, sweet muonlight, Canova's * Venus,” the * Greek Slave,"or o who_ praed for Sehurity for all, could not haveawakendd moro pleasing wmotions, But, nlas! our joy wus not forever in these things of distant enchantment nod moonlizht benuty. ‘Fhe mansion had not béen opencd two weeks when those small but terrlble handits in ,I;\ukus and Knickerbockers, the dear atroclous ittie sons and scamps of the dfferent families, cherubs whl‘f had left thelr wings iu heaven,— car 1L thuse d 1o Loys, I say, all rushed in & body ive mummas and clamored fur Getting ity of course, they all rushed i body 10 “tie store,” und, witlia_business- i or worthy of n better cause, demumled baws und arcows, Then enrolllug themselves Into an I||llc‘)ml(lcnt target company, they dill- ently practieed shoothig at the statues, until the nosus of two of the Muses were l,rlumph- antly shot aw Naturally enough, after this performance the heathen deitivs were remoned n a blast of indignation by thelr raglug lvrnprlutur: the small Christians—or ¢ hitle demons,” ns he called them—joyfully assisting, eavorting wilily around each “stone boy and il as thelr foundationd wers dug dp, clapping their dirty little hunds, blowing their discordant little tin trumpets, beating thele horrible little drams, galloping fn front of the horses ay they went with thefr burdens out of the great gotes, squealing llke s cat with a bong in jis throat, and otherwise dlsport- fugg thomselved [ honor of the ghostly recession, atter the utterly inexhaustible und ‘inbolerable manner of small boys, The late Com. Kearney, the bluft and brave, lived fn n pletureaguy” cottage adjoining the prounds of the ** Brighton House," us it was und I now ealled. [1is presence attracted to the pluce other oflleers of the navy and army, Awong them were Capt, (sow_ Adiniral) Parter, oo (oW Vice-Adingral) Rowan, the lute brave mnll honored Capt. Hartstom, and g number of ariny oflh witlt thefr familics, You way bes Heve that thy presence of 8o mauy brave and gallant men made carnival tho wholu of the Lime for those here-worshipers,—the fulr woimen andd tovly girls who were gypsying thers for the summer. Such devoted knights as they werel Rlding, Doating, fi=hing, swiniuning, daneing; military drifls with caned and broomstlels for the chil- dreny amd fmpromptu 1s ad_plays for the ather children, We all children fn thuse huleyon duys—as witness our pluying at blind mow's-buil. But this was when the 'little pltehers™ were abed and asleep, tor, with thelr murdering candor and funocence, they would have bateayed us to the entire community, whose tral traditions and personal dignity pad devetoped In it alrendy o holy hagror of such *high Jinks" na had cume under its no- tice. Hut—Dices these high-toned rusceptibilitiosi— we woull have been n Dright and sbiving Mgt unto them, for we had no quarrels, not even the green ghost of o jealousy, A divine mantle of charity yested ipon us the Tivelong sumimier; 16 was just ane brillisut, de- Helous midsummer dresn, To half-a-dozen of us older women was vauchsufed the keenest n‘n]o(uwn! of ull, ‘This was to be permitted to sft under the wide spreading trees with the ofticers, fn the purple . golden glory of the sunsets, and Jisten to their racy, churucteristic storfes, Wa all told u whity-hrown b the very rst thing, vowing that we delfghted fn tobaceo-smoke, i order tu put them completely at case. L was very easy n‘» o ity for they never stopped smoking” after that. One night they had been telling side-split- tine storivs nbout Magrader, who 1sp and “ Heauty,” who was also u Conumodore, wheu it lh{\ i -t aldy uy, Porter, what hus become of old 1 have complesely loze sight of b , the last tiie 1 saw Wi, unswered the Captain, stoothing down his great silky brown musl 1 was bis second i o duel.” As e spoke, his durl bright eyes tashed with some droll | recollection, and” his well-shuped 1ps parted (1w broad smfle, Certalu that the strain of amuscment i the wellow volee and the telltale fu be- tokened o duel without 4 tragedy, we women claored for the story, WT Bt goue,” sabd Capt, Porter, abeying lu-;nn.uullly AL oneey, S with | a-dozen uther fellows, ufl ml\‘f oflivers, to spend u week at Bhrewsbiry,—a little balf-pony tuwn s Jersey here; and olie evening, ns we were sitting i the bar-roum of the tavern, smoking Lelling wiee dotes, sud tulking between whiles with the na- }i‘m;, who should come sauntering lu but old uyle. gk Any roons for mef* be eskeds ‘the faces of some of the Jerseymen, Why, come I1," we all erle ore oo edling i e 1o in ting reluting hia adventures, perhaps romanciyr g, ot fnst encing Ly Ml 211, anghody here worth knowing S YR, T amswereds Cthere fs ull\s’.lw‘(,. glant, 6 feet 2 In his stockings, and greatest bully on record,! :: ::l"hlt‘\rlllll\l“nl his II!;IIII(!«P it hat's the best of (L. HIs name {3 Georg, Washlugton Kosclusko Peter Bonnparte Soloy .lu.lll'k:l{l,flrum.' , parteSulonoy heebus! what o name!’ exelabmed Buy) turstlig out Jawghing. *What i3 the geiie: man's professlon 3 e getitle: m\‘l‘ -‘lh:l u)lc:ul.? hI.«] Lime cultivating n hoy o, threatening tho pooy villugers, und hrows beating the women and ehildrens ‘iDogs—loes hel Well, he's the very Tng for me. 1 wish e would come e 1'% Jike Gy lave a lHttle talk with him,! “EAVhy, my dear fellow,! sald 1, The'd make t‘hrml! ol; vml.f l;x:cl, 18, we all keeo to the win. vurd sida_of hini—tio use getting . un.c‘h\n |.1;1;\h|hlivr # BBl i At this o ky party with a portentony noge, who hind been'listenlng Lo every wy e murked, through his v ¥ ¥ el “Watnl, I a'pose you uaval men thi selves thunderin® brave, It I'kin tell Curnel could tight ull on you to oust, . ‘}.‘lil'fl'lll'l 'iMl h'uhlml xh']m. ‘\‘ml al ey cedn’t think you're goin' to 'nopolize Drass il blsient poliril ot “hoyle's ears pricked up nt this, for, as yoy Immu Rowan, he i n vegular old sea-llon, aleaid of nothlg, from u powder-monkey to a gea-serpent ab o sew, and u mouse 1y an elephant on shore. So he bowreed rowmd on our nasal friend, nnd spupped out at hiw, like o (»ugmu'lnua bill-terrler, ¥ “'“t 'Ilm"\.humy \Vuulillu try nilrlumss and hluster ere’s your blg guad Trot bi t Pl ke to wea bima - E o OWatal, there he b8, sald the man, with sort of anurt of trlumpliy aad, sure enough, iy swaggered the round-shouldered, putty-faced giant, o had tuftsof dry geaes for beéard, o large, flabby, pushladimons nose, small, obligne cyes, and Ltivo Jiny-colored dabs of hafr, one on cueh temple, kuown to sclentitic explorers of the New York Bowery us *soap-locks! He. was cating — pewnuts — or nope corn 88 he entered; and, ferking o chair round, he Lhrew hlimself inta it with o contemg. tuous nod to the company, and ordered o glass of toddy hot, i a volce of thumder. “ Little Boyle sut guict, wotchful, observing, a curlons sinlle curving his gond-humy mouth; while the othier, kall shuttlng his eyes, with an air of luity disdaly, stowly sipped “the Liot, toddy. 1 Oh, pehaw ! sneered our nasal friend, ina whisper to Bogle: *you darsw't tackle him, 1I¢'d make you lovk womblescroft in a JiiTy."” “But Boyle, seeming vot to hear this lm. pertinence, turned to us, saylog, with a Ly nir, ‘1'm polng to see I theve s any gritin i* nud,upproaching the chale upon whih ieorge \ m\lllmivum Kosciusko, ete,, re- , hie perched himself on the edge uf o neary *Goorle ovenlng, sir’ Who are you, siri® returned the other, with a viperish look out of hils slant eye SO gentlemsn, and my name'ts Juniuy Brutus Boyle. 5 And sy name is Gieorze Washingeon K usko Peter” Bonaparte Solomon: Slhmeum, and you'd better mhwl what you're about.? ST willy thunk you. I understand thut you are pretty conelderable of a fellow, #48ir, you uir a ruther free un’ easy sord of cusa; ruther too forrard. “tYes, oh, yes. 1 ifight be as 6tifl as the North Pole, or as distunt na twe mile-stones; but then, you know, the other s my way.’ 8 \Wa'gl, gir, I don't like vour way." wiNol Jlow queer! Well, I won't be dlso Wiging, and I give you permisslon to lump 1t hen. L 8ir, you nlr—inu alr sasxy, You'd letter curb then propensitudes of yourn.* Wi gust so. You have a propensitude, T unden stand, to constder yoursella yreat mani® 46 Sie, yon alr imperdent— iTuke care, sir{? shouted Boyle. stand uny Insult’ “ighol What'll you doi? Wepat I tight you; 111 blow you to the other end of nowiere, “itfol hol Kin yor fight?” sncered the rlant, now on his feet, rocklug back oud forth, lis rl\llm. bony hands opening und shutghnrus fi they were fn contact with un electrlea) batte “Ufal ho! you'd better 'I“l\l ,erl'ul. you biad, Tkineut w’cent o balf, ki, “ijlal hol’ laughed Boyle, huitating the bLully, “I'n suffenn’ turribie to sece you do It 1'd ruther have a shot than a sugar-plum from such a fire-cater as you,’ “eWntal sir, I've'got a nateral tack with fire- arme; 1k l]ghl. with anythin' [rom a cambric necdle to a 42-poundery’ mnd be thumped the table, upseiting 'the glasses, und glured down onBoyle, sure that he hal Tfrastrated biw, 1 bet, amd vo mistale nuthe er,’ us our nusal fricud observed under bhis breath, “hut he lost his bet, for, bold as Mam ot Baron Munchuusen, l}uylu immediately ¢~ claimed, ‘dingo! you dun't sny sol I thought you il about a8 much real Cournge 28 une could put in » homeopathic pill. Come vut now, my fine cock-ul-the-wulk, and give us n touch of yuurTmllt 1 Wa'al and we and sald, ploasantly, 1 won' 3 Lawful sakes|" c{nuulnlud the 13 Yyou ean't fight ut night! What o stical tdect? 4 0n yes, you can. Nonsense! Tl manage it. We'll tuku two lunterns, stand back to back, then each walk uway twenty paces, wheel round, and fire, “Darned it Tdo! Aln't a-groly’ Lo be ding- donged fato stan'in’ ap ke o consumed fool [na dork night. You jess wait till to-morrer, #40r the fifty-third” week of this year, Mo, i 2 thundered Boyle, stnping his fout, whivh, like Mother Carey's chickens, Was the sure pre: cursor of o storul,—*10, sirl You sholl fight now! Lshould never huve taken the slightest notfee of you it T hiud not been tuld of your cow- nnll¥ buliylng of women and little” children, Don't_staind moming there! 1o one minute more I shall box your large cars, and theu Hap you over the Tiead with this horsewhip;® and he 4 one standing fn the corner, e world dia ot appear Lo go upon Jomted casters Just then With Georgge Was ton Kosclusko, and the rest, 1is ittle an eyes weut blinking round tho room, he teceral le il down on his heels and toes, he me ed his dry lips with his tongae, aud his worked more nervously than ever, a8 he detect: ed g took of seornful, nlf-surpriscd dcrls(lt'mluu ut o glance_ut his challenger’s determined visage showed him that there was no deliveranee (o e Twped for, and he shuified out of the rovm, fol loweid by Buyle and thie rest of us, Whe did ol mean to losé slght of him. We oltained twe old muskets, and well-knowing that our man would take sure nlin and flre, whutever the other dld, we Jowled them only with powder, commu- nleating this 1ittle ruse to no one, for Boyle would Linve fought us all e turn i€ Do had covered it. . “Out we went {nto the dark and lonely road Insolemn sllence we placed tho conbataaste Dback to back, Georze Washington, ete., heaving panderouy, frightencd slzhs enongh to have driven o nlonv from {ts moorings, We gave m each a fghted Jantern, und with an e je une, two, threel they started on theit { paces, We nll counted, und ut the twentietn Joudly called, *Btopt? + Boyle wheeled round, os we could just dis corn by the dim lght of Wis lantern, bt Georue Washinsgton Kosciuske Peter Bouuparte Sules won Job Slimeum kept on walking, weHalioo!! cried Boyle; *haven't you ot twenty paces yet!? 46 ND unsiver; but the walking, as wo could seo by the swhngine of the luntern, hod turned into prodigious stridtes. The nest moment the Hizht was uxuu‘:ulnhu it “Stop, )‘l;'!l dis 4 Halloo!! shouted Boyle again, villalu—stop! Yah! whivroo!™ You scoundre you miseravle lnndiub—' . W Hang! went his gan, and we 8}l made a slu- ultancons rush down the romd; but, ‘like s suow-flake fn the vivey,' George Washingtom ctey had ‘cvanished’; and from that day 10 this he was never more seen In Shrewsbury.! ‘The story waa told sundst shouts aud screams of laughtet from the oitivers nud us women, and 1f that tire-cater, little Boyle, ever aees the st count of his duel here, 1 know that he and Ad- mirad Porter will forgive me for telling & uguiy. . ) e —— WHAT THE BULLET SANG. 0 joy af creation, dr0f Srannans O rapture 10 iy Andl be freel Lie the baltle lost or won, Phuuzh s smylke whall lide the sun, 1 abull il my love—the oue Liorn fur wel 1shall know him where he stands, All alone, With the puwer i bis hands Not o'erthrown, 1.ahall know hin by bis face, 1y hts god-lke front sud grace; Fatiall fiold him for & space, Allmy owul 1t {8 be—0 my Loval S0 bold? LIRERS Foretuld! Itis L, U Love, what blleat Toat fhau duwsiee to wy kiss? Al awevtheart, what Lo this? Lacth there Sucolat —Liret Uarte b Harper's WWeekly. a1t thy love