Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 28, 1876, Page 4

» N £ 1 ¢ Tribme, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. PATABLE IN ADVANCE—POSTAGRE PREPAID AT TIIS OPPICH. 12.00 A t %8 to nay ndlress four #d to any A o1 A Bunday kdwjon: Literary and Rellgio ;fi"\'\’e‘ffli; o 'arts of & Sear, per Mo ;‘Bllll RDITION, POSTPAID. I, Temittances may be inada elther Ly dratt,” express,. Post-Office onder, or 1 registered letters, at our risk. 7ERMB TO CITY SUDSCHIDERS. Daily, delieered, Bundsy excepted, 25 cents per week, Daily, delivered, Sunday included, 80 cents per week: Address TIE TRIDUNE COMPANY, ComnerMadison and Dearborn-ats,, Chicago, ik ———— TRIMUNE FOR TIIE SUMMER. Partles leaving tha ‘clty for the summer cam hava *Tux DALY Tainuxz forwanled (o any addreas upon Tesving orders at our counting-room. The paper will e promptly malled In a singls wrappar, postsge pald, 3Jor $1 per month. g LUSEMENTS, I Hoolcy's Theatre. Tiandolph street, between Clark sud Lasalle, ** Cons wclence.” Wooud's Musenm, i hetween Dearborn and Btate, e i o A eraoon and evenIng: * Exposition Bollling--Crystal Garden. Laite Shore, foot of Adamssirest. Promensde Cane vort. Afternoon and even! LODGF, NO. 626, A F. & A, M= B ot o fhie Ersuay eveding ot nclock: LAt e e o it I\VH. Kfi.llll.’lecreury. I of the W. M. XGTON CHAPTENL NO. 43 T A, M ap‘echhs\‘gnnf;numn this Friday evenlug ;auelock far wurk o Hhe JTaL ATCh e o tite \ M s Qo Sompastons cqT i Witlani, Secretary, _— WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1870, 3, order Greenbacks at the New York Gold Ex- change yesterday closed at 893, ] Out of respect to the memory of the late Senntor Carenron, of West Virginin, both Touses of Congress adjourncd yesterday without transacting any business of impor- tanco. Committees were appointed to ac- company the remaing to West Virginin, ‘Ex-District-Attorney Wanp is roported to flm\m stated recently in Washington that while ncting in the capacity of Governmont proscontor in the whisky cases he wasin- structed to sconro the indictment of Messrs. Looay, Fanwery, Pawamn, and Han, and “fix up" the testimony nagainst them after- wards, 'The report is probably untrue, or at all events exaggerated. Mr. Wamrp is mot likely to have made any such statement, for tho reason that he never received any such {nstructions. The groat free-for-nll trotting raco at Cleve- 1and yosterday was the most romarkable turf contest that Lins taken plnce for yoars, if, in- doed, it wos ever oqualed. Against o fold of the fastest flyers, tho famous mare Gold- smith Mad took the first two heats in the ex- traordinury time of 2:15} and 2:174, but here tho wonderful little queen of the trotting tarf was forced to nbdicate her sovereiguty to the groat stallion Smuggler, who won the third, fourth, and fifth heats and the race in the unprecedented time of 2:16}, 2:193, and 2174, The deed is done, nnd the representative men of the glorions Domocraocy are inglori- ously squelched. Tho war-horses neighed vociferously and kicked spitefully, but those . seventy-five thousand voters, moro or less, principally less, scted as an irrosistible " charm to the credulous Confederates, and thus the work was accomplished. The head of tho rag-worshipers’ ticket being swal. lowed, a sense of squesmishness came aver the Convention, and no amount of sugar- coating could induce the sickened Democrats | to 0dd to that dose, until the namo of Hue was roached, when the additional pill was swallowed, although with very bad graco, as nsop to tho German voters. The spirit of indepondence that found utterance among the Unterrified on Wednesday was thus ruthlossly smothered, and the lions of ‘s day transformed into the most timid of lambs, ‘whose blenting, though pitinble in tho ox- trome, wos drowned for the time by the roar of the rupacious rag-mon. 13 It i quito natural that the firemen should express their extreme disapproval of the re- duction of 25 per cent in their pay, and that thero should be threats of resignations in large numbers, Such an cffect of the ro- duction s, however, not at all probable, Tho firemen will not be apt to resign their positions until they know where they are going to obtain other at equally good wages. Work oven for the Ueat class of 80 plenty nor wages g0 high s to tempt a general exodus of the mombers of the Fire Departmont. In view of tho oxtrems searci. 1y of remunerative employment, tho low price of all kinds of skilled lnbor, and the decroased cost of living, tho reduced pny of the firemen is not 60 low s ta induce resig- nations in such large numbers as to serionsly impair the efliciency of tha Dapartment. ‘When better times como thoy can count with cortainty upon botter pay, but for the pres. ent they ought not to complain, P e— In tho testlmony of Miomirn Reese, a heavy atockholder, and D, O. Mirrs, now the President of the Bauk of California, given yesterday in the Bulletin.Alta libel suit in 8an Francisco, the bottom facts con. comning Ravston's management of the bank ‘were brought out ina strong light. Withont manifosting any bitterness or resentmont toward®the author of oue of the groatest financial catastrophies ever known, these witnosses havo located tho blame preciscly ‘whoro it belonged—upon RavstoN, who, as President of the bank, and having unlimited control of its vast capital and resources, had used its funds for his own purposcs, and had ‘hot replaced thom, until the amount of his indebtednessto the bonk reached the colossal sum of $4,000,000. This is the truo secrot of the failure of tho Bank of California. Prosident MiLrs calls it a misappropriation of .other people's money—which ia surcly u sufficiently mild term for it. The Chicago produce markets were aotive and unsettled yesterday, most of them be- ing weak, Mess pork closed 12jc per brl lower, at §18.30@18,35 for July and $18.456 @18.50 for Boptember, Lard closed 12§o0 per - 100 ba lower, at §10.55@10.60 for July and $10,674@10.70 for Scptembér, Meats wore ¢ *jolower, at 7jo for boxed shoulders, 930 for do short ribs, and 100 for do short clears, Lake froights wero moro active, at 1jo for corn w Buffalo, Rail freights were unchanged. Highwines were quiet, at $1,104 per gallon. Wheat closed ¥low wes moderately sctive, employmont skilled mochanica is ot 2@40 lower, st 86jo for July nnd Dijo for September. Corn advanced 1o, but closed ensier a shade bolow Wednesday's prices, at 4Gccash and 45}c for Boptember. Oats ad- vanced 1o, but closed easicr, at 29}c cash and 20§c for Septembor. Rys was quiet at 54@hbo. Barloy closed steady, at 700 for September, Hogs were dull, at an averngs decline of 10e, closing wenk at $0.20@6.00 for common ts choico, Caltle wore active and firmer, with sales at $2.25@5.05, Bheep wers inactive and nominal, at 82.25@4.265, One hundred dollars in gold would buy $111.75 in groenbacks at the closs. A philanthropie lady of Chichgo, whoso truthfulness and high Christian charactor are amply vouched for, has devoted herself to the duty of ministering tothe sick in the Cook County Hospital, with tha result of discov- +| ering in thyt institution a shocking degree of bratality, drunkenness, and ineficioncy on tho part of the officors in charge. Tha recital of her observations, togethor with the stato- ments of sufforers made to her, as embodied in a communication submitted yostorday to the Board of Connty Commissioners, is o terriblo armignment of the Hospital officials, as well ng of the Hospital Committee of the County Board, Itis not enough that Com- missioner HoLpen shonld give assurance of the good manngement of the Hospital, or declaro his belief that these complaints aro based on prejudice. ‘Theso aro fenrful charges which bear the impress of truth, nnd thoy must ba investigated rigidly and thoroughly—if not by tho County Board, thon by the Grand Jury. Concerning the point which called forth Ald. Suenipan's protest against the passage of the retrenchment ordinance, it is enly nccessary to say that ‘the law technioally prohibits the diminishing of salaries as fixed by the Appropriationbill, Thers is nothing, however, in the lotter or spirit of this law which requires the city to force upon itst| employes tho full amount of the appropria- tion if 'they aro willing to accept less, or which prohibits the city from reserving for itself any surplus there may be left from the approprintions by reason of a reduction in tho force. Now, it is proposed to ask the firemon, policomen, nnd others to volun- tarily acquiosce in the reduction of 15 par cent from their snlaries, and it is probable that, knowing the nccessities of the city, they will do so willingly, ‘Those who are not disposed to do so will probably retire from the city's servico and seek other em- ployment, €0 as not to embnrrass the city in carrying out a duty from which thers is no eacape. Butif there are any persons in the ‘employ of the city who will do neither one nor the other, then it is entirely competent and lawfal for the Mayor to dismiss them peremplorily, and*there are hundreds wait- ing to fill every single place vacated, who will gladly accept the reduced compensation and bo thankful for it. None of the persons dischargod will have any claim against the city after their sorvices ccase, And so the law points aro disposed of. AN OLD SLANDER REVIVED, The organ of tho Whisky Ring in Chieago yesterday morning contained a cock-and-bnll story from Washington parporting to give the inside view of the prosccrtions of the Ring, and olaborately sotting forth the de- tails of tho statoment which Mr. Sronzs will submit to the Attornoy-General, The sub- stance of Mr. Bromms' charge is that the ‘whisky prosccutions woro not instituted to punish crimo or enforce the Rovenue laws, but that they were the result of a conspiracy to destroy the frionds of President Gaant in Chicago, and thereby increase Mr, Bristow's chances for the Presidoncy; that, in pursu- snce of this conspiracy, Mr. Bristow and Bruronrp Wisox attempted to catch Senator LocaN and Representative FARwerr, and such smatl fry s the editors of the Ring or- gan, by offering immunity to Buffalo M- zer, Mr. Hesing, and others, if they would urnish proofs against them. .This is an old, threadbare, worn-out story, that posscsses noither novolty, originality, nor truth, Mr, Brongs has hnwked it about on the streets of Chicago and in newspaper offices for montha. It has been told repoat- edly, has been denied over and over again, nnd both the late Scorotary and Bollsitor of Aho ‘Cronsury have emphatically denied it. It has beon established over and over again to the satisfaction of any onme who is not n knave or an idiot that they never sought to catch any particular official, but that in car. rying out tho Presidential mandato to * Yot no guilty man escapo” they sought to de- teot every official who was conspiring to dofrand the Government of its revennes, and every distiller who was running * the crook- ed.” It is atated thot Mr. Bromns will produce affidavits from some of the squeal. org to show that they were approached by cortain partios in the interest of the pros. ccution, ond offered immunity if they would got up proof against Loaax, Fan- ween, Waup, and others, 8o far ss thess afidavits couvey the iden that ex-Secretary Bnisrow or Mr, WitsoN wore conniving at tho deatruction of thesa gentlemon or of any ona clse, tho charge is an infamous slander and falsehood, Mr. Srtomna may retail a slandor of this sort in Washington, but he would not doit.in Chicngo with any oxpecta- It these gentlomen hod beon guilty, they ought to It thoy wore innocent, thero was certainly no danger that they would be dotected. Bince they were not deteoted, It is vory cloar they were Mr, Sronns is too shrowd n lawyer to supposs the public will believe Mr. Brisrow desired to find Mr, Jogan or tion that it would find credonco, have beon detectod and disgraced. not gullty, Mr, Fanwewn guilty if they were innoocent. swindled out of its gevonucs; detect, and punish them, sont testimony from Guorsen, Bo far as Ouanvyy Hanm or BMr, Pawms are concerned, thoy wors altogether too unimportant for Mr. Buwsrtow to wasto timo wupon. All that o know was that tho Governmont was being that the taxos were absorbed by aring of thieves, It was therefore his plain duty, ns the Becreta. ry of the Troasury, to nse avery means in his posseasion to find out who wore in the Ring, It ho was enxious to catch officials in the Riug, it was because they were more guilty than the others, and deserved sovercr punishment. Neither Mr. Bgisrow nor Mr, Wirsox started tho rumor that Looan and Fanwerr wore in tho Ring. Neither of them ever expressed the beliet that thoy were. Tho farthest that they went was to catch all who were in it, and Loaan and Fanweuy, not having been in it, were not caught, Tho Ring organ rather ostenta« tiously nnnounces that My, Srosss will pre. RusazLy, DicrmeoN, AL, dnd others, to the effeot that they had conversations with Bruronn Wirsox and Bupervisor Marruzws relative to securing immmunity for themsolves by con. victipg high offlcialu, 'These statements are unqualifiedly false, wa care not who sweprs to them, and we call upon M. WiLson and Mr, Mazzuzws for informationon this point. ‘We ask thom it thay ever gnve instructions to indict innocent men for the purposs of erippling them, There i but one point in Mr. Srozns' ap- plication which is woll taken, and that is the atatement that somo of the guilty men aro recelving mors than their share of punish- ment. This ig true, and should roceive atten- tion, not bocause thoy ara sentenced more heavily than they desarve, but becausa their sentences are too henvy as compared with others who are equally if not mora guilty. It is undoubtedly true that Mr, Hawo has recoived too hoavy a punishment as compar ed with Mr. Renw, and as the President can- not oqualize the sentences by bringing Remu's up with Hesiva's, the only thing that remains is to bring Hesinols down to Remst's. Beyond this, there is nothing in Mr, Brones' application that should engnge the attention of the Government. It will be the earnoat hope of the people of Chicago’ that it will not lot any gilty man off or re- duceany sentences upon the lying assortion thet the ox-Secreiary of the Treasury at- tempted not to punish guilty mon, but to catch Mr, Looax or Mr. Fanwzr, Sofarss Mr. Bronrs’ aitempts to porsunde the Attor. noy-Genernl that the 'Crensury Department was secking to establish tho guilt of inno. cont men by falso testimony, tho charge is basa slander and falsohood, THE ROUMANIAN UPRIBING. Tho most interesting news from the Tarko. Servian campaign now contrea in and about Roumanin. Indications have not been want« ing during the past two wocks that this pow- erful principality might make common cause with Sorvia, Tho ultimatum which she pre- sonted to tha Porto, so far as territorinl ac- quisition wns concernod, was not accepted, and could not hinve been, without involving an unreasonablo concession, by the Turkish point of view at least, . The Great Powers, also, with .tho exception of Russin, pro- nounced the wultimatum unreasonable, but tho tacit ncquiesconce of Russis was guff ciently encouraging to the Roumaninns to warrant them in mobilizing their army. Rou- mania, in reality, would never tako o step excopt as advised by Russia; and, if the newn be true that her troops are already on tho frontier, then the threat of Austriato occupy Servia if the war is notendedinn fortnight, is more than offsot Ly this now move on the board which has been made by Russin. If, osis stated, Roumanin has 25, 000 troops on the frontier, and shots have alroady been exchanged with the Turks, then the first step bas bosn taken that may in- volve a general Buropean war, In caso tho Great Powers should not inter- fore, than the scale is tipped in favor of Bervin. Roumania has s population of 4,685,610, of whom over 4,000,000 are Grock Christians in parfect accord with the Chris. tians of Servia, Montenogro, and Bulgaria. Its army, which is a very powerful ono, is divided into the following classes, which have beon horctofors printed in Tux Tamouwe: The permanent army and its reserves, om. bracing 8 regiments of infantry, 4 battalions of rifiemon, 1 battalion of pompicrs, 2 com. panies of foot gendarmes, 1 company of dis- cipline, 2 regiments of hussars, 1 squadron of instruction, G squadrons of horse gen. darmes, 2 rogiments of 7 batteries,1 company of pontoniers, and 4 companies of engineers, besides workmon, hospital and trausport sorvico; second, the torritorlal army and ro- serves of 23,468 infantry and 12,184 cavalry ; third, tho militis, composed of all those be- tween 21 and 37 years, not drawn for the permanent or territorial armios; and, fourth, tho National Guard, including all men from 87 to 40 years of age, who may bo called out for gurrison service. Ilowmania, therofore, can probably add ot least 100,000 effostive and well-trained men to the Sclavio foroes now in the fleld, which will make ths com. bined Christian forces equal to, if not greater, thon the Turkish. It adds to the probability of o goneral war that Croto and Grecce aro liable to rise in rebellion the moment that o Servian success appears probable, and that the Turks themselves oxpect to have to fight ths Russians, —— THE CITY RETRENCHMERT, ' - The final passage of the ordinauce pro. viding for the curtailmont of city expondi. tures, and saving probably 25 per cent of the entiro nppropriations for the current fiscal year, will receivo the heartynpproval of every tax-paycr in the city and every man who has the welfaro and progress of Chicago at heart, It was undor the implied plodge of doing this vory thing that tho majority of the pres- out Qouncil wers clected, and they have kept faith manfully with o very fow oxceptions,— the vote on tho final pasaage of tho ordinance being 22 in favor and only 9 againat it. Of those who voted against it, somo of them know that it was & necossity, and wolild have felt badly if it had failed to pass, but still hiad not tho couraga to face the peculiar con- stituoncy of their wards, Among these wo include Mesars, Buenipax, CorrertoN, and ‘WarzLen, whovotod againat ita final passago, aud Messrs, Lawzen and O'Barzy, who voted agninst several scotions and failed to vote for it at thg lnst. Their cowardice is not vrod- itable to them, oven though it resulted in no damage to the city. The details of tho ordinancs nre as well congidered ond judiclous as the spirit of the ordinance is commendable, ‘The best plan was finally sottled upon with reforence to the poliocs, viz, : that of redué. ing the force 10 per cent and cutting salarics 15 per cent, ‘Chig will drop somothing like fifty men, and tho avorage psy of those who remain will be reducod from $4,000 to $860 per annum, Tho same plan will be followed in ourtailing the employesof the Fire Do- partment, where one or two men can be dropped fromn every ongino with ontire safoty, ‘The reduction of 25 per cent in the Behool Department is left to the discretion of tho Board of Education, which will probably follow tho same plan, except that tho further teaching of music and drawing is peremp- torily discontinued for tho presant. The pay- rvolls of the Public Library employes, the Qomptroller's office, and Pollce Courts are reduced in proportion, and the City Tax Commissloner and Tax Assessor are cut off altogether. Tt wau certainly a disagreeable duty to ro. duoe tho whole line of salarles paid to the city employes, but it was not ouly necessary, but also fair and just. ‘Take the policeman for an example, If he roceives $850 now, he is really pald as much as Jie was befors the panio of 1873, when ko rocelved ¥%1,000 n year, The shrinkage of prices is equivalent to this reduction of 16 per cent. The sum of 8850 now will purchase 08 much as $1,000 would have purchased before the panic, and probably more, To have maintained the old ecale of prices would, in effqet, have been to increase the wages of the city employes, and we don't think anybody would havo pro- poaed that in the presont times, It requires 03 many days' labor on the part of the tax. payors now to earn the money to pay the city employes at ths rate of §850 a year -~ _THE CHICAGO 'TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, JULY_ a3 it roquired thres yeoars ago to pay them at the rate of $1,000 a yoear; it would have requird 15 per eomt more had the old rates boen maintained, cortainly would bave boen unfair to the tax. payers. Perhaps tho city omployes who suf. fer the reduction will understand the case bettsr #f put in this way: If it were the practice to pay so much house.rent, flonr, meat, clothing, dry.goods, drugs, ote., in compensation for their morvices, then the people of Chicago conld Jpvo continued to pey them the same quantity and quality of tho commodities at a cost to the publio of 8850 year ench, thongh it formerly cost 21,000 n year each to byy what the employes wore entitled to under their contract. As n matter of fact, then, the city employes will recolve at the new rate all the public over contraoted to pay; and the city in reducing their nominal compensation has merely equalized it on a basis already ndopted by. manufactnrers and other employers of labor, not in Chicago nlone, but throughont the ontiro country, and, indoed, throughont the world. There is no good reason why those who work for the public should escape when all othors must ndapt themselves to the uni- versal shrinkago in values. ! We. are glad that the Council adhered strictly to the determination to reduco the exponditures of the Board of Pablic Works 50 por cont, or double that of the reduction intho Polico and Fire Departmepnts, This roduction can unquestionably bo made with- vut nuy detriment to tho public interost. Wo have alrendy not forth at longth our res~ sons for thinkingso. They may bo summar. ized in tho statoment that Chicago, within the last twonty years, has done tho work of fitty, and has provided a system of public improvements~—water, sowerago, streots, tun- nelg, bridges, vinducts, ote,—that are sufil- ciont forn city of doublo the population, filling in tha vacant spnces within the bound- nries of these improvements. It now're. mains only to take care of- thess improve. ments, and the Board of Public Works must study how to do this at the smallest possi- blecost to the public. When the Council shall have followed up tho new ordinance by o gas ordinance providing for such a reduc- tion of the hours of lighting the lamps and in the capacity of the burnors ns will save 50 per cont of tho coat on this account, its hardest and best work will have been ac. complished. ‘We would urge upon the Council another chango which will indirectly bo found usc- ful. The lsst Conncil made a blunder in changing the fiscal year from April 1 back to Jon, 1. 'Tho change removed the actual ex. ponditures of taxes just so much farther from their collection. The entire appropri- ation for 1876 will have beon spent before o dollar will bo collected, and undor the pres- ent system it is eightsen months after the appropriation bafore the colleation of taxes can bo enforced. Fortunately tho appropri- otions for thin yoar wers only for nine months, and tho reductions now provided for will ennble tho Council to extend thom over twelve months, and so chango back the fiscal yoar to April 1, The sucoseding year the fiscal yoar might bo moved agoin three monthe forward, making the approprintions for twelve months oxtandover fiftaen months, and in’this way the fiscal year would be {inally fixed 5o as to collect the taxes as they are expended, withont losing’8 per cent in- terest and confusing the finances of tho city by waiting eighteen months aftor the appro- priations for the monoy appropriated and spont in tho meantime, The Council will do woll to examine into tho feasibility of this plan and act upon jt THE SILVER DOLLAR. Tho examinatiou of the listory of the act of 1878, discontinuing the silvor dollar of 412} troineas tho unit of values and the prohibition of its future coinnge, does not disclosa nny substantinl reason why such action took place. The bill did not originate in Congress ;' it was the work of outsiders ; thoso who sought tho establishment of o single standard, and thatof gold. At the time tho act was considered in the House, in the spring of 1872, it was then stnted that the silver dollar was worth 103 in gold. ‘Why it was domonetized does not appear af record, and thors is no reason that can bo” urged why it should not be remonetized. It must bo borne in mind that while gold and silver coins were both logal-teuders from 1792, the silvogdollar was tho unit of value, and continued to be so until 1878, when the gold dollar was substituted. T'ho bill passed through the two Houses with comparatively no dobate, without any explanation or reason for the chango, and ovidently withont any lmowledge by the mowbers generally of oither Mouso of the purpose or effoot of the bil. I was ‘one of those Dlunders or oversights in logislation which nre common in our history, Just ntthe time thiu bill passed, the attention of the mem- bars of the twd Houses was engrossed with tho schemo to tako from the Treasury 85,000 oach for * bock-pay.” During that time the silver dollar was demonetized, the unit of viluo changed, and the single gold standard cetablished, and the members as & body knew nothing about it. Soveral timeain the his. tory of tho Qovernmont silver has been worth more than gold at the world's valua- tion of 16§ to 1. At tho time this doflar was demonetized the silver dollar was avorth moro than tho staudard equivalont in gold, When tho half-dollars and “fractional silver coins woro debased in 1858, they wore proporly de- prived of tho legal-tondor charaoter, Butno such oxcuse can be pleaded for depriving the silver dollar of its logal-tendor character, be- ‘cause It was worth moro at the time than the gold dollar which was substituted for it. The |+ silvor dollar of the' old standard weight should be remonetizod by the presant Con. grees. 'Fhe subsidiary coin should not bo wado o logal-tender for more than 86, but the hionest dollar,whose weight in puresilver waa ascertained by Avexanpen Hamrurox in 1792, should e restored as the unit of valuo, and made, a3 before, a legal-tender without imit. The argument that silver s now on o decline; that tho dollar which was worth 103 in gold in 1872 is now worth but 85 cents in gold, and therefors no creditor should be forced to ac- cept 1, is not altogether sound, 'This dollar wasg a legal-tender whon the debts wera con- tracted ; it had boen a legal-tender from the foundation of the Government; it had at times been worth more than tho gold; but the United Sthtes wero not under any obli- gations to underwrite the valus of silver or of gold. 1If, iustead of silver, gold had de. clined, and the gold dollar was now worth but 5 cents in silver according to the stand. ard, would it bo claimed that the United Htates should pay their creditors in silver In. stead of gold? Dut the excitemont—the panfo—which has reduced the market value of silver cannot be permanent. Tho universal demonetization of silver which has boen threatoned is not yot poasible, There is, in the Unitod Btates, This 28, 1876, paper money, This paper monoy will have at somo time to be redesmed ; it bears with crushing woight upon the production and commorcs of the conntries whore it exista. Must this resumption be in gold ? There can ‘be no such resumption if it is to be post- poned until the gold can ba had. therofore not probable that eithor of theso Europoan countrics will demonatize silver in ita present condition, Tha United States alono committed the folly of repealing the ailver standnrd of valus. The act of Con- gresa just ouncted, nuthorizing the lssyo of $50,000,000 of subsidiary silver, will create o demand for that amount of the metal, and proportionatoly incrense its valuo, 1878is the time fixed for resuming specie pnymonts in Franco, and this resumption will be upon the silver as well ag the gold basis, and the Fronch acoumnlation of silver still continues, With the resumption of the uses of silver the valuo of the metal will recover. . The question pressing upon the American mind at this time is, whethor silver coin slallbs made o legal-tondor, and, it so, to whot extont. The subsidiary coin, which as long ngo as 1858 wasreduced in value below tho atandard, of courso ought not tobe a legal-tender beyond tha present limit of $0. But tho honest dollar, the historical legal-tan- der, the American silver dollar of 1873, with its weight of 412} grains, nine-tenths pure, ought to be remonetized; and, being one of the col‘s in which nll the public debt, prin. cipal and interest, is payabls, it should bo a legal-tendor for any amount. Thesilver dol- lar—lionest dollar—is the legal-tender of tho Constitution, which survived all the changes aud rovolutions of the durrency for over cighty years, and was then abolished in the dnrk, It should be remonetized, and the coin shonld be issued to such extent’ns the needs of the country and tho means of the Government shall justify, THE NAVY. ‘The total expensesof the navy from 1847 to 1801 —fourtcen ycars of peace—were $150,450,830. ‘Te total expenacs from 1608 tothe close of 1875— seven yoars of peace—are $100,037,4811 We had something of a navy in 1801; we Lave not a first- claan ahip, nor o frst-class gunon a ship In 18761 ‘What has become of tho $160,000,0002—Chicago Times. The navy from 1847 to 1861 consisted of some 50 wooden sailing vesso's, and a half-a- dozen wooden ships propelled by stenm, Thero was not a first-clags man-of.war in the lot. They wero mostly old tubs in various stages of decay ; a majority were too rotten and leaky to vonture out of hight of shore. Such was the shameful condition in which the Domocratis turned over tho navy to the Republicans in 1861, when they wont into the Rebollion. This worthless navy had coet the country in gold $159,456,839 within the years named. ‘ After the Republicans came into powor they were obliged to creats a new navy, The old woodon sailing vessels were of littls or no gervice, as they could neither parsue, fight, or escope from the Rebel rams, iron- clads, and steam war vesscls, builf for them' by the British or by themselves. The iron- clad war cra{t devised by Capt. Ertcsson and Onpt. Eavs, and built by the Republicans, revolutionized naval architootars, There are doublo-turreted monitors now in our pavy, one of which could sink in combat the entiro wooden gailing navy turnod over to the Republicans in 1861, and which cost $12,000,000 o year in gold to support, al- thongh utterly worthless either for offensive or dofensive pnrposes against iron-clad ships. The Confederate clectionsering roport which tho Zimes indorses statea that our prosant navy consists of only 141 vesaels, of war. ~We submit that this is not an in- significant number. Tho larger part ave steamships, and thirty or forty fre iron-clads, 'The fighting power of the present navy is twaonty times greater than that of the Demo- cratio navy of 1801, It is not claimed that wo have armorod ships of the vast size and power of tho new iron.clads which Great Britain has constructed. Those’cost four or fiva millions apiece ; but it has not yet beon demonstratod that. they can go on a cruise, None of them have venturod to cross the At~ lantie. Several have lurched over and sunk like an iron pot. ‘While tho English have been sponding hundreds of millions to build fleets of enor- mous iron-clad ships, the Americans have been inventing and improving torpedoes to blow them up and send thom to the bottom it thoy ever venture near our shores with hostile intentions. But it is asserted that onr seven score of iron and steam war vessels cost twico as much in doprecinted greenbacks to support 08 Linlf the number of wooden sailing sloops, brigs, and frigates in gold under Democratio adminlstration befora their Rebellion, which is probably truo; but the present navy would quickly destroy a dozen oz a score of snch navies a8 wo had in 1861, Peopls of tho ignornmus class may be eurprised fo learn that a stenm war-ship costs twico as much to construct, ropair, and navigate as a sail vessel ; but such is the fact, and one of them is worth & whole floot of old sailing tubs such as tho Democrats squandered $160,000,000 in gold upon in the fourteen years preceding the Rebellion. The navy Las never boen oconomically managed sinco the days of Gen, Jaoxsoy, but it is loss oxtravagantly operated now than formerly under Democratio rule, and it is an infinitely superior force to what it was then, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE POLIOE, The Chicago Z%mes hus already statod thot the G600 persons now roslsting the payment of tho Blate, county, town, and city taxes for 1875 are largely made up of men who are only able to liold their property by borrowing money at 3 per cent a month, It has also givon as an oxcuse that these peo- ple do not want the uso of paved stroéts, or lighted strects, or sidowalks, and wish to have the water ont off, tho sower connco- tions with thoir property removed, and that they do pot wish their persons or their prop- erly in any way protooted by the fire or po. lics service, Yestorday it repeated some of this twaddle, as followh ¢ The owners of that property long sgo ceased to put any dependence upon the pretended prutection of the tax-fod polico and tax-fed fire sorvice, They | have already withdrawn thelr property) from that worthless and imaginary protection, and are pro- tecting it themaolves, a8 Mensleurn the thieves and burglars well know! Ilaving already withdrawn from the ** protection ™ uf the City Qovernment, they are mora than willing that the City Qovera. ment should withdrsw from them. They sro tak. ing care of the value of their property now, and are quite able to continue It without any lnx~nlm‘_ assistance. The value of this statement is fu its truth or falsity, Whatjs meant to be sald is that thousands of persons in tha city havein their employ private watchmon by day and by night, inside and outelde of thelr prem- ises, to guard segainst fire, to guard against sccidents, to guard agalnst robbery or depre. dations by burglars, thieves, vagrants, and even by the other employes of ‘the establish- wents, This i the oase in all banks, storey, and in Italy, Ausiria, Prussin, and other oountries of Europe, an immense volume of It is warshousen, mills, and faotories, all estab. Jishments where there s machinery, all lum. ber-yards, and also on vessels and atesmers, In varfous pnrts of the city—business and residont—thore are privata polico who on. gnge for 8o much n month to watch through the night certain buildings within a certain number of blocks. Thia special gorvice {a vory wiso; it shows commendablo caro and prudonce on the part of the proprictors. It iz n special sorvico wholly impossible to be performed by any publie polico, and which is not rondered by any publio police force in any city in this or any other country. To render such servico equally to all parts of Chicago would require a force of ten thousand mon, armed and invested with military nuthority. This kind of sorvice is special and not general. These men are placed merely in the capacity of sentinels. In cnse of fire, or robbery, or danger of any kind, their duty is to give an slarm, and to whom? What is the firat duty of tho man in n warohouse when he discovers a firo in the building or in nny building in the neigh. borhood ? 1t is to give an inatant alarm, not to the private watchman in the neighbor- hood, but to the Firo Departmoent. If in the meantimo he oan do anything to arrest the fire, ho will doso. Ho is not expeoted toex. tinguish any fire which may happen in the neighborhood where lio is on duty ; his busi- neag {8 to call the Firo Dopartment with the least possible delay. So in the case of burglary, robbery, or violenco, These men ara on spedinl duty, and not on public service, If a watchinan in a building or outside a building discovers the prescnco of burglars, or the romoval of goods by thieves, or any other criminal act, his first duty ia to signal the regular polico, and with their aid prevent thocrimo and capture the thieves. Ho is not expected alone to battle with Lalf n dozen desperate men ; he is to give the alarm, m’d obtain all the nssistance which may be needed. That is his duty, which if well porformedian valunble ono. Now, lot us soe what would be the condi- tion of affairs if this property was with. drawn from tho “‘worthless and imaginary protection” of the Fire Dopartment and the public polics, Tako tho case of n wholesale stora in which a private watchman is en- gaged inside nud another is employed out- side. Let it be known that the owners of that store havo “ withdrawn " their property from the * worthless and imaginary " protec. tion of tho city, and aro protecting it them. selves, How long would it take a gang of four or five burglars to seize the outside watchman and disposa of the inside one, nnd tako completo possession of the promises, murdering the two men, if nocessary? Itis not tho ,presonce of one, two, or half-dozen watchmen which doters tho skiliful burglar. In the use of mero force, he and his ex- periencod pals aro equal to the watchmen. But what the thioves nnd burglars dread is the alarm which ovon o small boy may give, and which at once summons to tho spot one, two, six, n dozen, or fifty, or any number of men demanded by the oconsion. I€ is this knowledgo, that the single watchman may givo an slarm summoning the city polico to his assistance, and not the fact that the property is protected by a single man, or even more, that rondora the private servicoof the lenst valuo as against tho depredations ‘of the dishonest. Werejt not for the cer- tainty that he could summon tho publio police to his immeudiate assistance and to tho protection of tha property, the position of a private watchman would be an extremoly hazardous one, .If he were the only thing to ho encounntsred, burglars would not hesi- tato to tako all the risk of eilencing and ovor- coming him. There may be persons who really think theso private watchmon are the roal guar. dians of their property, and that the publio police are worthless and imaginary ; but if thoy reflect thoy will undorstand that in fact the real polico sorvice renderod by the privato watchman ja that he can summon to his aid au armed force, and the knowledge that it can bo thus summoned that gives valuo 04 a proventive of orimo to the private servico, Tho sentinel doters an attack, not by his own ability to protect the camp, but by tho knowledge that ho can by an alarm summon fo his nid the army within hearing. A city protoctod by sontinels alono would hardly presont o formidable strength. An attacking party wounld certainly not be de. terred by tho mero challonge of a sentry who had no force to be summoned by his alarm, Tho private watchmon are valuable ; but as & protection against actual burglary their officacy rosts not on their own enpacity to protect, but on the capacity of the force they can summon to their assistance, Abol. ish this forco, and the private watchman is reduced to his single arm, Tho roceipts of grain at Now York have incrensed at o marvolous rate sinco Mr, Van- ‘praniLt withdrew the Now York Qontral from the pool, and began' carrying freight from Ohicogo to New York just as cheaply as any other seaport. For the woek onding April 8, when the pool was in operation at a fixed rato por mile, the recéipts of com at Now York were only 55,000 bushols, at Boston 95,000, ot Baltimore 192,000, aud ut Phila. delphis 186,000; but for the week ending July 15 the recolpts of corn ut New York wero 1,164,720 bushels, while only 409,000 bushels wero receivod at Balthmoro nud 887,100 ot Philedelphin. 'Tho snme increase in wheat receipts is noted, New York can take cara of jlself, but it is only on tho oquitable basls of carrying the grain to the seaboard at that point at rs low @ rato as it {3 carried to the seaboard af other points without rogard to miloage, This tho New York Contral can do, because of its su- porior faoilities and lovel grade. The cost of carrying the graln to New York over tho Contral is no larger than of carrylug it to Philndelphia or Baltimoreovor the mountain. ous distriots traversed by the Pennsylvanip Contral and DBaltimore & Ohio Railroads. * VanpeanirT says ho will nover agrce upon. uniform rates again, except for tho through route without reforence to the number of miles, and if he adherca to this both he and New York will benefit thereby. Mr, Scort Wixe, member of Oongress from the Quincy District, was dropped by his friends and not renominated bocauso hoe played fast and loose on the ourrency ques- tion, Two years ago ho defeated Brvareron and Riomanpsox, and got the nomination in spite of them. But by “trimming" and compromising with his own principles, he demoralized his friends, who did not even make a fight in lis behal?, but took up Mr. Knarp, & former member of Congross, to beat the Greenbackers' candidate in the Convention. ‘The resignation of the Hon. Aronzo Anmn ey, Superintendentol Public Iustruction {n Jowa, indicates positively his intentlon to ac- copt the Presldency of the University of Chica- 8o, to which position ho was clected some onths agv, aud ho will probubly begiu his . ‘Chis shows that . labors with the beginning of the new sch, year In September, A atrong hope {s n:.f::: tained for the fmprovement of the fortungy 1 the Unlvarsity through Col, Am znnnm,‘-‘ management. e isayoung man, anda, gndm' of tho Institotion over which hofs to prc-ld. He has a strong, practleal charncter, dovclnp& by a succeasful careor {n the War, and dlrectey in the way of educational pursuit by naturaj S finement, good culture, and the experience of sevoral years In superintending the educatlony) systemof Towa. We thinlcthers Islttlodouby Lot (it properly supported) he will givs the Untyey, sity of Chicago a higher position and more pry,. perity than it has ever enjoyed, taking j; together out of the class of leges. al mere sectarlan ), —————— . PRESIDENTIAL VOTES, Tho following table maybeof Intereat to resa, ers 08 showing tho vote for Presldonta since the election of Goror WasiINGTON. The popylyy votois given back to 1824, Previous to that date the clectors were chosen by thg Blaty Legislaturcs. South Carolina continued 1, sclect her clectors in the same way until alter the Rebellon, when shs was reconstructad: i Toputar lec l) -ffu’—a Ca‘r{dl:{flmi u’éu. u # rfilf.m' eorga Wasl nanimap, 1700—Jotin Ad G o 1800—Thamias Seflerso 2 Aaron Burr, % Juhn Adam: & 1804—~Thiomas Jef 14 C. C. Pinckney, - 1808—James Madisbn,. b0 --C. C, Pinckney, 41 1812—Iames Madlson, 128 De Witt Clinton ' 18106—Iamen Manro 1w Rufun King. . M 1820—James Monroe,. 1824~John Q. Adams. N evnd rew Jackaon. s Only(ona mi‘f;., ‘vote In oppo 10"...12?“ '”fi 1844—Jamen K. Polk. Henry John O, Fromont. Fillmore. oll........ 1804—Abraham Lincoln, Grorge 1L, McUlei 1808—Ulyasen 8, Grant.. Horatlo Boymour, 1872—-Ulysies 8. Qrant.. Horaco Greelo, The New Yorl Chamber of Commerce has te quested the lHon. Apnaxs. HEwitr **to remon. atrate In its behalf against the z:nm"ugsllur bl unjustly and needlessly pormitting the paymentat par of more than eleven thousand millions of dol- 1ars of public and private debla by stlver coin now depreciated In market at least 18 per centum, and liable to still furthor fluctustion and depression, O this debt more than two thousand milifons o5kt in the Accumulated savings of many years invested in puliciea on lives, tho holders of ‘which will ba duflnlled of tha 18 per centum, bolng threo hun. dred and l(lxt{ millions. 'The holders of mortzages on_proporty in all glfl.l of the Unlted States, for at Jeast flve thousand millions of dollars, will loes their 18 per centum, being ot least nine hundred millions, Al thers immenss aums extracted from suffering Individuals are beatowed by the bill on the dabtore, without any equivalont, Sustication, or lng pablle galn whalever, "'— 'ress Dispatch, uppase the cffect of thopassage of the Stlver bill would be to advance the valuo of silver to approximate that of gold, then what would be come of the 900 millions of loss from deprecla- tion above eatimatedi Demonetizing silver o Germany hos caused the groater part of tho ex- {sting depreciation on silver, Let it be remone tized In the United 8tates, and its value may be recovered. This country could absorb a vast quantity of allver if it were thrown into clrculs- ~ tion, 1If the legal-tender notes were funded, it would require five or six huadred millions of sllver to supply the wholo demand for that metal as coln. e —— Mr. BENSLEY, the Presldent of the ITyde Park TBoard of Trustees, in defendlng tho villaga from the chinrgo of tax-cating, oxplains that not more than 75 per cent of tho appropristions s ever actually collected, and the appropriations ar mado proportionately larger to cover the dee ficlency, This coxplanation is not altogether creditable to the management of Hyde Park affairs, Tho tax thero I3 nsacssed and collected under the Goneral Rovenue law of the State, and we do not kmow why o quarter of it should belost. If the law 18 defective, why huas not Tyde Park mado some effort to have it amend- ed? Tfuot, are not her officials responsible for tho loss of so much money? To got at $160,000 of revenuo Hyde Park levics taxes ammounting to $220,000, Now the people who pay their taxes ars asscssed on tho larger amount to make up the deflclency occasioned by those who do notpay. This is rank fnjustice, and the IIyle Park Trusteta ought to proceed to correct it; If they do not, thoy will finda good many more property-owners resisting tho collection of taxes, and with good reason. * Our dispatches yesterday mornlog contafned anotice of the death of Mr, L. P. Ricainrpsoy, correspondent of the Bpringticld (Mass.) Zepub- ltean, Ho was killed by the Indians about 100 miles north of Fort Laramie. He was scalped and twenty bullet-holes were found in his body. It will interest many of our readcrsto kuow that Mr, RicARDSON was tho oldest son of the late A. D. Riczarpson, and resided in this city with lis mother three or four ycars ago, Hewasa young man of much promise, and his untimely taking off by theso trcacherous rodekins will send a thrill of deep sorrow to many hearta, f ‘The population of Danville, Virginia, Increas- ed from 1,000 {n 1860 to 6,404 {n 1570, and Is cs- timated at 7,000 at this time, There are five toe bacco warchouses in Danville, aad thelr sales of 1eaf tobacco during the season of 1874-5 agpre- goted 14,007,421 pounds, with a value of §3,002- 218. From the receipts thua far in the preseut season the aggregate sales, Itds thought, cannot ba leas than 20,000,000 pounds, aud in ull proba- Dility will greatly exceed that amounts f A Wisconsln family, not long since, sold thelr only stove to get moncy topay for circus tick- ets, and vode X} miles behind un ox-team to getb to the show. There Is strong talk of nominating WiLLiAX M, Evanrs for Governor of New York by the Republicans of that State, o can be elocted 4 | Tenusylvania has 239 browerles; Wisconsin, 2333 Ohlo, 210; New York, 208; Callfornls, 203; linols, 105; and Michigan, 140, PERBONAL. Young Count Von Arnim has gone to Saratogs, whero lis proposes 1o atay untll aftor tho races, A country nowspaper in Kootucky roports that Gov, Tilden {a sdon to marrya natlve of that State. The new English army-Hist, for the firat time In Tiistory, has the words **Tho Queen at the head, thus putting forth Her Aajeaty as the real head of the army, The ey, Qeorge M, Hopworth goes down to the sea In o yacht, and writse of his cxporlencesina book callod *¢ Starboard and Port," soon to be published, Gov, Hartranft, of Pennsylvania, has accepted with expressions of gratituda a re-election to the position .ot Commander-in-Chiot of the Graund Army of the Republic, M. Waddington, tho Fronch Miulster of Public Tastructlon, has proposed three of the many artista exhibiting {o thls yoar's Salon for the decoration of the Leglon of Honor. | . Miss Elizabeth Thompson, who has jolned the Roman Cathollc Church, has, It s sald, foreworn the paintlng of battle-pleces, and will honceforth des Yote hersclf to Sacred Art, Mr, Gladstono recently distributed tbe prizes to the studmnts of the London Hospital. 1ia spoke of stapocialisim™ as the great danger of modern Jfe, butheld that the medioal would exsr