Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 17, 1876, Page 4

t | y b 3 3 ¢ £ the dollar, -mptters. 4 " The Tuibmne. TERMS OF SURSORIPTION. PAYADLE IN ADVANCE~FOSTAGN TREPAID AT 118 OFFIOR ditlon: { Eet .o Weekiy, poitpaid, of & year, per month. R WREKLY EDITION, copy. per ub of five... ub of twent! Bpoe! s seabives tmen coples sent free. “To prevout. dzlly st miatakes, be mare snd give Post Offica address tn full, including State and County, 0 Remittances may be made cither hy draft, express, Foat-Office order, or in registered letiers, at oot risk. yERME TO CITY SUDSCRIBERS, adly, delivered, Sunday fllcfp::% :3 m: :r w:::. , delivered, Bunday Ineluded, 30 cenf r wi b THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘Corner Madison and Dearborarats., Chlcago m. TRIBUNE FOR THE SUMMER. Purties leaving the city for tha summeor can have 'z DALy TRinUxR forwarded to any address upon eaving orders at our cognting-room. The paper will be promptly mailed {n a single wrapper, poatage pald, 307 §1 per mmonth. S . AMUSEMENTS, Tlooley’s Theatre. dolph M!L%fl"!m(}lnklfldmmn “Iwo #‘nl Bandy Bar,” ‘Waood’s Musenmts Monros street, between ‘Dearborn snd Btate. **Tho Prench Bpy." ) Crystal Garden. [ Rsposition Nuflding, Michigan avenue, Creswald's Tromeusde Concerts. —_—— MONDAY, JULY 17, 18i6. ————————— Groenbacks at the New York Gold Ex- change on Baturdsy were worth 89} cents on e———— At the Gonoral Council of the Reformed Episcopal Church at Ottawa, Can,, on Bat- wrday, the Rov. Dr. Farrows, of Ohicago, was eloctod Missionary Bishop. . pret—— Y ————— Mr, Moopy's Church was dedicatod yester- day. It cost 367,000, and isall paid for—a condition pracedent to its dedication. Mr. Moopr would not have it any othor way. [l Strenuous efforts aro making to adjust the Ailferences botwaen tho Prosidont and Com- missioner PrarT, of tho Internal Revenue Buroan, whercby it is hoped to provent the latter's withdrawal, P A dizastar to tho Servian arms is roported 88 having occurred on Friday last at Lim- borg, o town not dosignated on the maps, but prosumably located near the Bosnisn frontier. 'The Servians smffored a loss of 50D men, several cannon, and their boats on the Rivor Drina, whilo the Turkish lossis sot down at 800. It i stated that the Rou- monian War Ministor hns ‘introduced n bill for tho mobilization of the army and for ealling out the resorves. Py —e——e——— Thero'fs an apparently well-gronnded be- Yief that 800 Cheyennes are Rbont to leave Red Cloud Agonoy to join the hostile Bioux in tha North, and, in consequence of this ro- ported intention, Gen. Mennrrr has changed his purpose of dispatching tho Fifth Cav- alry northward from Fort Laramio to join Gon. Croox, moving the troops instead to a position where thoy will intorcept the Ghey~ #nnes and prevent thom from jolning Srr- zmo Buws's wor party. In conndction with other Indian news, wo print this morning an Interesting lottor from & corrospondent in Balt Lake, giving o condonsed and accurate ‘history of the movements of tho *bsd” In. dians from the date of tho Minsesots massa- era in 1802 up to tho presout time. It is probable that tho House Judiciary Committee will not intesrogata Mr. BisTow further in referenca to Onbinct coneultations, though it is intimated that he may bo ecnlled befora tao Committeo for testimony on other Tho pormission given by the Prosident for Mr, Bruvow to tell all that transpirod regarding the whisky prosecu- . Mons will, it ja understood, mnke no differ- anco in tho course of the ox-Secrotary, who rogords tho question involved s one above and beyond the control of any individual, 3ud as ono of gravo publio policy not to bs waived even by the consent of the Prosidont bimself. This has been Mr. Brstow's position from tha first, and it s quito certain he would hold to it in caso the Judiclary Committeo sbould conclude to renow its de- mand for the disclosure of Cabinet consulta. tions—which, happily, is not probable. Gon, Brrrmve Buy, and his Liontenants, Rawv-iy-roe-Face, Cnazy House, sod the sther heroea of tho Yollowstono massacro, wero armed by the United Btates with Win. thester rifles, that were moro effective than tho arms of our own troops. Thoy were wpplied by the United Bfates with ammuni. tlon, stores, andhorses, The blankets given® his command by the Indian Agency were treshly supplied, and were oll now end marked U, 8. Indiar Department.” Whiley Brrrive Buwn and his Licutenanta wero kill- ing Custen'a mncn, tho United States was kindly feeding and caring for their squaws ad papooses. It nmow sappoars that, since Custen's defont, the Indians are woaring their clothes. Perhapsit would be well now for the United Btatos to keop on with the farca it is 'playing, pepsion the Indian widows, and present Brrrixa Born with a sword and tho freodom of tho wholo Jodian sountry, Tt was very woll of Congress to vote Gen. Costew's widow o pension of 860 a month, and to vots the same amount to his parents, who are sald to bo in “poor clrcumstances, Xhers waa not a single objection made in the House, we are glad to hear, and wo do not beliove there will bo ono in the wholo eountry, At tho same timo, wo do not gee bow Congress can reasonably stop hare, There are other sullering and equally de. sorving widows nnd familica of the gallant 300 who rods to thoir death. CusTxa's com- rades wero a3 bravo o8 he, and in those cascs where thelr deatht hes Jeft wowmen and chil. dren, not merely to mourn, but to suffer, Congreas shonld likowlse make & correspond- ‘ng provision, The sum of $50a month is lho highest pension ever voted, but the sthera should recoive a proportlonate pen- son scoording to their rank and the condi. Hon of thoso who wero dopendent upon Hyem, and aro thus doprived of their sup- port. ‘The Ohicago produce morkets were quict Baturday, and breadstulfs tendad downwards, Meas pork closed 10@1240 per brl lower, at $19.65@19.674 for August and $10.75@ 18,774 for Beptember, Lard closed 2o per100 Jbs higher, at $11.10911.12} for August and $11.20@11.22) for Boptember. Monts were quiet, at Bo for boxed shoulders, 10jc far do short ribs, and 110 for do short clears. Leko freights were dull, at 1jo for comn lo Buffelo. Hail freights wore unchanged. Highwines were unchanged, st $1.10} pex gallon, Flous wasdwllond essy, Wheat ’ “the trouble came, could essily have been punished olosed 1§@326 lowar, at Dijo for July and 96e for Augost, Comn closed j@je lower, nt 4530 for July or Angust, Opts closed }@jo low- er, at 27@273c for July or August. Ryo was nominal, at 60@62. Barloy was nominally weal, nt 590 asked for July and 720 neked for Soptembor. Tlogs wero falrly active, with common henvy grades ruling easier, Sales wero roported nt £6,20@6.70, light well- {ng principally st $0.46@0.65 and boavy woights ot $0.80@6.50. The reccipls were 9,000, and for the woek 78,660, Cattlo were quiot and weak, selling slow at $2,60@5.00 for inforior to axtrn, Rcceiptsfor the week, 925,207, ‘Tho sheop market was dull nt $2.50 @4.00 for poor to choico. One hundred dol- lara in gold would buy $111.50} in groonbacks at the cloga, e ——— i Not o lttls interest and curiosity are folt concerning the, outcome of the awkward dilomna in which the Domooratio candidates for the Prosidency and Vice-Presidency find themselves, Bince the publication of Gov., Harzs' admirable lotter of acceptance, em- bracing his'expliclt and straightforward ui- torance on {ho currency question, the diffi- cultles and perploxities connected with the acceptances of Tipxx and Hennarozs have Jargely imcrensod. Ordinarily, thero would bo nothing in the way of an equally pro- pounced and unmistakablo hard-money ex- pressfon by Tpxy, and hia letter of ac- coptance noed not be delayed so long; but thera are twou ends to the Domocratio ticket, and thoy are wido apart. Tho letter which Tirpes should write for its effect upon tho resumptionista of tho Eastern and New England Btates would read strangely along- sida of theletter that Hexpmons must write for tho satisfaction of the Western inflation- ists; nud the problem novw is, how to got over this dificulty. Hevpniczs has not yob signified his accoptance of the nomination, and g0 is in & position to dictate terms. Trzpex, with all bis ingopuity, has so far ‘been unablo o devies any creditable plan of adjustment, and it is not ensy to see how tho thing s going to bo fixed up. A conforence has already boen held betweon the two candi- dates—with what poor success can bo in- forred from the sunouncoment that the press. ure of public business at Albany (7) will ne- cassitate the postponement of TrLoEN's lottor of nccaptanca for several woeks. —————— THE SOUTH CAROLINA MASSACRE. We commend to the Democratio papers which sre so lustily demanding that ven- geanco shall bo visifed upon SiTrivo Buny for his massacre of whito mon, the massacre of black men held ss prisoners by white Domocrats nt Hamburg, 8. G, The story of tho infamous outrngo is substantinlly s fol. lows, the facts being gathered from Sonthorn Domocratio newspapers: Hamburg, B, 0., a docayod town, stranded by the War, is gov- ernod by colored men. It possessos, or pos- Bossod befors the mnsasers, o colored smilitia company, regolarly organized and armed by the State, as militin companics are brganized and armed in Illinois or any Northern Btate, The colored men of Hamburg ore Ropub. licans; the white men are Democrats. On the 4th inst., thix company, while parading in one of the publio streots, waa approached by two whita men, who dewmanded, in on of- fensive manuer, that the compavy shoald bronk ranks and sllow thom to drive through instoad of going nronnd them, which the Coptain refused to do, 08 any white Captain wonld have done. The company was there- upon summoned to appesr bofore & colorod TrinlJustice for obatructing the highway, and, pending the trial, tha counsel for tho plain- 1iffs, Maj.-Gen. Burszn, an ox-Confoderate officer, id conjunction with the Trinl Justico and others, demanded that the company should’ be disarmed. Soveral interviews wora held with tho Captain of tho company, but, 68 his men wore rogularly and Inwfully armod by the State, he rofused to comply. Word was then sont to Augusts, Ga., just across the river, and to othor localitics, for help to enforco the disarming, and Dy night- fall of the 8th tho streets of Hamburg were fillod with white mon, far outnumbering the negrocs, who collected in their armory to defond themselves. Both whito and black non-combatants fled from the town, which wasnow in the hands of the beslegors and tho besieged. Afterseveral attacks had been mado upon thoe armory, with some casualties on onch side, the nogroes sought to make their escape, and soveral succeeded. The whites ot longth forced the armory and captured twenty-nino mnegroes in thelr hiding-places. Gon. Burzxn then rode home, lonving tho prisonors in the hands of a strong guard, with instructions to take them to the jail in Augusta. Tho guards took them out ou tho high road, sud- donly relonsod- thom and told them forun, and, a3 they ren, commenced firlng into them, killing soven and wounding others, Thoy then roturned to tho town and pillaged it, | not oven sparing the rosidence of the colored Trial Justice, who hnd beon their friond and tool through the whole affair. Qur readors will romember that the above vorsion of this cowardly and brutal outrage js made up from the narratives of Southern Democratic, not Republican, pspors, and thereforo glves tho facts in o light aa favors. blo na pomsible for tho Domocratic side. ‘Taking the Demooratio verslon as authority, it avon then appears as a most brutal, cow- ardly, and rufianly massacra of helpless pris- onors, who hnd beon disarmed wiikout au- thority, and whoso original offonse was simply n question of courlesy, It would not havo been expected that a whits militla company would bave mado way in the Bouth for the passage of two colored men; it could not lave beon expocted, considering the relo- tions between tho two racos, that ablack company would act any difforontly, The offense, howerver, if it were an offenso, waa one that could have ossily Loen sottled with- ont any resort to violonte, No exouso can bo mado for it. It was o cowardly, cold- blooded massacre of hclpless, unoffonding men, that willchallenge any of Brrrina Bouy's or Capt. Jacx's acts for flendish cruelty, Wo quote a litlle further from good Demo- cratio authoritics. The Olarleston (8. 0.) News, o vehemont TiLozn sud Hespnasoxs organ, says: 2 Assuming that the accounts of the Hamburg fght given by the Augusts nowspapers are In tho maln correct, we find iitlo, 3 any, txcuse for the contifct {teelf, and abaolutely none for ihe killlog of tho soven negro prisoners, who were shot down Itko rabbite long after they had surrendored, - The Insolence of thu ' negro milithamen, out of which without a resort to nrme. Thu killing of seven of (he prisoncrs wse barbarous in the extreme. o havae no words §itrong enough (o express our coudemnation of such a crime. They who do such doeds sow the wind. We pruy tbatiliey, and those who ara inuocent of the wrong, sy not reap the whirlwind, * The same papor furtherniore sdds that sinco the riot tho condition of the negroes is that ‘‘of terrified submission.” It tells us that, not content with murdering thelprisons ers, *the bodies of two of them were mutl. Inted with halchots and bayonets,” SiTTiNG Dowy fashion. It tells us that ¢ all thekilled hod fuwilies, with ono exception, and the THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY. JULY 17, 1876, s e ————————————————— grief and distress of tho womon and childeen wers violent and heart-ronding.” As the Now York Herald says, in commenting npon the affair: “These oxtractanrandi from a speech of Sonator Montoy, intended to inflame the North, but from tha Oharleston News and Courier, one of the ablest journals in tho Bouih, and leading the eampaign in South Carolina for Truoen and Hexontoxs.” And yet when two colored membora of Congress risain their places, and appeal for protec. tion for their raco, and domnnd that they shall be treated ss white citizens, Sonthorn mombora sneer at thom, and two Northern cravens like Coangana sod Cox rush to tho rescus of the Confodoraton, and finally, In sheer dosperation over tho indigoant appeals of the two colored mombers, adjourn the House to pravent any action upon their nppeal. Thoso men, how- over, cannot adjourn the opinion of the peo, ple. They cannot adjourn discussion upon it. They cannot adjourn the feeling of hor- ror with which Inw.abiding poople will ze- gard it. Thoy cannot adjourn the fact that tho victims of this massacre were Ropub- licans murdered by Democrats, whoso roal offenso consista of their politics and their black skin, And the people, discussing snd reasoning upon this brutal massacre, will reach this quostion : If thesa cownrdly mis. creants have 80 much liconsa now, how much more licensa will they have when TiLDEN and Henpnroxs are eleoted and the Democratic policy ia carried out of - withdrawing the troops from every Southern Stato and ro- ducing the army to & minimum of weakness and inefficiency ? If TiLoeN and HzNpRicKs nre clected, will the Burrers of the South hiave moro or Jesn licenso than they have now to shoot and kil at their own option? Now, what is the duty of tho Governor of South Carolina in this cnso? It should bo noticed that tho blacks woro in the right from the vory outset. - They wera lawfully organized and lawfully armed, and recog- nized by tho Constitution of the United Statos a3 a militin company, Their sotion at tho outset was precisely what that of any other militin company in the United Btates would have been, It should be romembered that neithor this Trial Justice nor the Con- fedorato Jawyer who proscoutod had any moro right to demand their disnrming, or to procced to enforco it, than the pooplo of Chicago bad. It should be still further ro- membered that the massacre was not the ro- gult of an aflray at the time; thatno violence was offored these two young Southern bloods who nttempled to dsive through this com. pany when thoy conld have driven round it; that there was no suddon ebullition of pas- gion, but, on the other hand, that it wos perpolrated days after in cool blood. Those boing the faots, the crime is murder. The Southern Democratic news- papers are sorry for it; but they are sory beenuse it has happened on thoevaof o Pres- idontinl clection, and thoir sorrow is not of that gonuine kind which demands thot com- pensation shall bo made for this murder. They demand no punishment. Whatever msy be the opinion of Southern Demaeratio newspapers, Bouthorn Congressmen, or their Northern alllos like Cocmnane and Cox, tho duty ot Gov. Craxprsram is cloar. To must demnnd the spprehonsion of theso Georgin murderers for trial in South Carolina, where the murder was committed. - If tho State is powerlass to arrest thom, thon the United Btotes must do it. Those men have com- mitted o cold-blooded murder, and thoy must poy the penalty, Having been punishod, it ishor duty then to reorganize tho company androstore to thom their arms, r— CHEAP TRANSPORTATION, Wo hod somo romarka some .days sinco upon the letter of LRurus Harom, of Now York, in which that geutleman predicted that, undor the Improving effect of stecl raila and the consequent reduction of railroad froights, thore will bo an abandonment of loke navi- gation, that Qhicago will censo to bo a grain market, and that grain will be ploked up on tha farms by the railways and il delivered in Now York. We pointed out the dificultics which are in the way of this schemo ; Phila. dpiphin, Bultimors, and Boston, under the tho agenoy of stael rails, will continue to have tho same competing- advantages over Now York that they have now ; that, whila froights by rail will be reduced, thero will be s corresponding fall on water freights, and, with the improvements at the mouth of the - Mississippl and on the 8t Lawrence, the ‘wator routes will offer o compotition to rail. wnys oven greater than at present, The present allwail rates from Chicago to New York aro 20 cents per 100 pounds, and this i3 Jow beyond precedent, "The rato from Ghicago to Naw York by wa- tor is 1} conts on the lako ond €} conta on the canal, per bishel, or about 11} conts psr 100 pounds. But, when the St. Lawrenco routo is comploted by the enlarged canals, charges at Buffalo will drop out of the move- mont, sod grain can be puton boardthe ocean stonmers at Montreal at 7 centa per 100 from Chicago, When stool rails can gompeto with this, then will the Inkes be abandonod to ox- clusive navigation by Indlan cances and Ohicago copse to bo a commercial city. Alr, IaTom claime that the Now York rail- .ronds have all the facilities and can doall tho trausportation of tho Wost &0 speedily and 80 clienply that thore will bo no use for atoam or sall on the lakes. To show how abaurd this is, noeds only a roforenco to the faot that grain renching Buffalo by loko has boen detained thero as long nsthirty days for want of rail capacity to movo {t, subjecting thoshippers to loss ; while if the grain had been gent by canal, timo add all tho advan. tagos of tho markets wonld have baen so- cured, Owing to this blockado at Buffalo for the want of cars io movo tho grain, other grain shipped from pointa west of Chi- cago to Now York by rail has been unloaded horo, aud at other lake ports, and transforred to lake transportation. This ia’absolutely ngoossary to provent tho totsl loss of. grain by hoating in tho cars standing on track walting for aclearrond. It has long beon digcovered that the cooler temperaturo of the lakes and canal fs vastly better for grain, always liable to hoat in summer, than the high temperatare of box-cars in the blazing sun from Missouri or Jowa to Noew Yorlk, whon the time occupied i8 never less than ton to fifteen dsys. ‘Tho fact s, tho present trunk railways, with all thoir facilitics, can never perform the sbrvice which is now done on tho Inkes, With the reducod rates of transportation by roil aud by water, with an all-rail route in winter from Ohlcago to Hali- fax, with an allrail routo from Chicago in winter to Boston, aud in like manner to Bal- timore and Philadelphia, it is not likoly thot tho New York OCentral Railway is to becomo tha exclusive carrior of the productions of tho West, nor that New York Oity 1s to bo- come tha solitary grain depot of the United Btates. ) The railroads aro doing transporiation now at rates which, according to all previousrail. rand suthority, sre ruinous; the same may be sald of the Tates at which cargoes are shipped by water; but these ratos oro ruinous only on the Lasiz of thoold inflaled aystom of values, of waterod atook, of boavy .interest bonds, of the high prics of monsy, and the insatiabledomand for dividonds nnknown out- sido of the United States, Thoro {s to bo n ohiango in this, * There is to boa reduction of oll things to n real value. Railronds and shipping are to assumo actual and not fic- titious valuos, and aro to bear modorate profita on tho reduced valucs. Transporis- tion companios are to carry moro goods for the same monoy, and aro to keep up their profita by an incroased amount of business, Reduced rates of transporiation naturally will rosmlt in inorensed production, and un- der thisstimalant, instend of witnessing silent docks and a vacaut harbor at Chicago, with abandoned warohousos, and all things marked ¢ ‘T lot,” thoro will be an activity compared with which the presont will secem tamo; a tonnnge incrensed and incrensing to meot the demnnd for transportation for the productions of new States and new flelds, which have never yot sont anything to mar- kot. Lot thero bo cheap freights by rall and by water; Chicagdwill welcome them in be- 1ialf of the millions of her constituents, the producers of tha West. Choap froights, how- over, mean o lako commercs jnoronsed and expanded to an extent which the most san- guino l.au never anticipated. e THE RIVER AND HARBOR FRAUD. ‘Tho annunl swindle in tho shape of o bill making nppropriations for rivers and harbors is now croating » disturbouce in tho Scnate. The Democratic Houss of Representatives, initg immenso retrenchmoent and reform, passed a bill appropriating nearly $6,000,000 for so-called rivers and harbors, but two- thirds of tho money, if expended on the works named in the bill, will bo literally wasted and squandered, That is the purpose of & majority of theso bills. They aro 60 gob up that every member is allowed to put inan appropriation in some way for his district; and if it g0 happen that the district boan {nterior one, without a river or harbor, then ho is permitted to include an appropriation of $10,000 to have his Congressional District rurveyed by the Engineer Corps, andnro- port whothor the construction of & harbor in such district, or the digging ont of a canal to. connact that dlstrict with some far-away rivar, may not atsome time be feasibla and expedient. A million or more is snnually waatod on this log-rolling, scandalous pieco of legisiation. * This yoar whon this bill got to tho Bonate the members of that body took s pull at it In tho first placo, the Senata Committeo ro- duced the Housanpproprintions $000,000, snd thon added new appropriations to about the samo smount; whoreupon the Bonate rein- statod all tho petty things the Committes had strack ont, making a total of nearly $7,000,000, Mr, Epmuxns, of Vermont, whoso State haa mneither river nor barbor noeding improvement, waa sble to take a .calm judgment of the enormity, and pro. poned & substitute for the whole bill, making an approprintion of four millions of dollars, tobo oxpended under tho direction of the Secrotary of War, upon such works as in his judgmoent may demsnd expenditure. 'This ig tha proper courso; tho amount, however, should be roduced to two millions of dollars. The War Dopartment and the Euginecr Corps, if permitted to placa tho money where it is nooded, snd upon works which aro of somo national valao and public impor- tance, can mnke n proper use of the money, This motion was not satiafactory to the log- rollors; and ropresentatives of-little crecks and small ditches, ambitious of having com- mereinl cities, with farme converted mto town lots, rallied oxcitodly for tho bill which appropristes monoy o dig these trecks into rivers, and tho ditches into harbors, It is time thia river and harbor plundor should censo. Roform is nocossary, not only in the reduotion of tho expenditare to not excoeding two million dollars annually, but in the manner and the purpose for which it is oxpondod. The Tronsury is litorally robbed of the money wasted in vain ondeavors toe make harbors whore Na- tare mover intended thom to bo;' and hero, if thero were harbors, thero would nover bo the loast -possible use for thom. The proper course, and tho only intelligant and economical plan to ndopt, is to place at the expendituro of tho Engincer Corps, under tho supervision of the Socretary of War, certain sum to be oxpended upon snch na- tional works as may be demnnded by the commorco of tho country., Tho prosent plan of expending the monoy is a gross cari- eaturs upon legislation. e THE ILLINOIS SUPREME COURT, Public attention lias beon dircctod ocose glonally to some inatances of disagreoment between different decisions of tho Buprome Court of this Binte whero the same points of law seom to have boen involved Tho two oplnions,~—ono in the Olney tax-caso deliv- ered in 1875, and the othor in tho Chieago tax.cesos vocontly decided,—in which tha ve~ 1idity of Bill 300 as a genoral law of tho Biate appears to have beon variously troated, is the, most recont case in polat. It is also sald to Bo a fact that, on certaln points in commer- clal law constantly ocourring in business trananctions, the decisions vary so much as to sarlously mislead lowyera and croate an im- mensa deal of litigation that would bo avold- od it thoro wero a series of. clear doolelonsin ono direction., 'fo the cxtent that all this is truo, it is & mousirous jmpediment to the prompt and fair sottlomont of disputes, and tho occnsion of much dolay and exponsa to all persons who seek the courts for thoadjust- ment of questions which thoy cannot dotor- mino eatisfactorily among themsolves, 1t is not surpriaing that there should bo somothing of this, anad the condition will be- como worse Instead of bottor, so long sa the Supreme Court Judges aro expeoted to do more than human strongth and the falrest division of labor will permit. ‘This Court, wo beliove, adjudicates somathing like 1,250 casos every year, in many of which they are called upon to review the ovidonce in con- neotion with the verdict of the jury and Court bolow, os well a4 tho law, Now, tho theory of tho Suprome Court is that each ocase sball Liave the bonofit of o full consideration from tho assembled Judges, soven in number, so that the experfence and law-knowledgo of all of thom shall be brought to bear on every issuo submitted. This would bo at the rate of sbout ten cnfos & doy for tho actual gosslons of the GCourt, to be dis- cussed, examined, and digested. Of course it 18 simply prepostorons to oxpeot a thorough consideration of every caso aud every point, together with a careful roviow of all slmilar cases that havo gone boforo and an oxhaust. ive examination of tho law already erected upon former decisions, Then this rate of business leaves mearly two hundred cases to each ono of the Judges to study up ih detall, and to proparo an opinion conforming to the decislon of the Court,—many of these opin. {ous being necessarily long and elaborate law doouments, We shall have to got some stronger and more hapdy materal than bu. manity now affords bofore porfect and sym- metrical law can be oxpected from a tribunal which undertakes this amount of judiclal work, Tho lawyers of Tilinols will do well to agie tnto the necassity for relieving the Suprome Court of somo of its prosont dutics, with o viow to prosonting a schemo to the Legis. lature next winter thatwill promise an im- provement, The lawyers and tho pqupln lLiave ignorod tho complaints of the Bu. prome Judges themsclves, which wero freely expressod when Judge MoAnnisTae was on that Bench, but they cannot afford to ignore the danger of such an entanglemont of law kuota aa will result from n varioty of decisions on the same points, and this will be inovithble unless tho finnl Court of Judgmont shall have time to consider and digest thoroughly all questions that come boforo it. 'Tho romody that suggests ftgolt in A goneral way is to croate intormediate Courls, which would naturally consist of the Circuit Judges, or tho Buperlor Judges, of Cook County, sitting in 2anc, to which should bo consigned all questions of fact and ovidonca on which nppenls are taken, and all civil cases involving & verdict of lesa than §500. This wonld loave tho Snpromo Court those cases in which more than $500 sroin- volved, constitutional questions, and the con- struction of statutes, Such a course would cut off from tho Snpreme Court hundreds of cases that aro now taken thero for purposes of dolny, but which should nover bo permitted to cmbnrrass their docket. But this scheme will not of itself bring &paedy rollef unless it be accompanied by o submittal to the people of a constitutionnl scheme (which they would probably spprove) providing for s temporary Comumission of Ap- pesls that should have nuthority to dispose of the cases mow ponding before the Su- preme Court, and whosa suthority should expiro at the conclusion of this work, This was the plan adopted in New York, wo be- liove, at a timo when that Btato was suffering from an cmbarrassment of litigation. In this way the Bupremo Court could begin anow, and would have tho timo for study and resonrch which the finnl Judgos certainlyneed most of oll; and the result would be a moro harmonious and consistent structuro of law, with correspondingly lesa litigation, than can over bo hoped for undor tho prosent systom of sppeals. £ TILDEN’S’ SHAM RETRENCHMENT, Gov, Tmoen continues to trumpet and causgo to bo trumpeted his own praiscs as o reformor, tho only truo and genuino in all tho land, and, as chief of his achievements o5 smch, to bosst that the not result of his rotronchmont during the first year of his Ad- ministration was the reduction of taxesin tho State of Now York from fourteen and a half to eight millions of dollara. ‘The chiof object of his veto micsango of a fow woeks sinco was to puff himself for that samo reduc- tion of taxes, tho cxclusive crodit for which bo approprintes. It is truo that tho Stata tax in Now York for 1876 was soven and 8 balf millions less than for 1874, It is cqually truo thot Trozx bad sbsolutely wothing to do with the roduotion, that being the work of tho Legislature; and tho Legls- lstura was Republican by o majority of oight in the Senato and sixteon in tho House, Evory ono of tho retronchment aots, crodit for which Gov, Tiroey parades aa his stock in trade, were passed by the Republican ma- jority, which throughout tho sossion controll- od legislation. 8o far as reirenchment wng eoncorned, nll that Gov. TiLoey dld was to submit to whot the Legislnture did, Ylis Ad- ministration could only spend what was ap- proprinted, and he simply cut his cont no- cording to his cloth, His nssumption that thero was a reduction of the oxponses of Administration to the amount of soven and half milliona ss com. pared with the Administration of Gov, Drx s no loss a froud. To begin with, the Drx Administration left a million surplus unox. ponded in the Tronsury, which has boen spont by the TrioeN Administration. In tho mnext place, a considerabla por- tion of the taxlevy wunder the Dix Administration was mado for s Sinking Fund to pay off indcbteduess boqueathed it by prior Damocratic Administrations. ~ In 1874, the year with which tho comparison ia madg, ono million was lovied for a deficionoy occasionod by the changs in valuation, and nenrly five millions for county snd other debta for which in 1875 Lut cight hnndred thousand wore levied. In short, whon the rotronchment accomplished under the Tn- DN Administration is boiled down, it is found simply thay less money was cxpondod bo- causo there were loss debta to pay, soveral millions thereof having been extinguishied daring tho last year of Dn'a Administration. That is all thero s of it, and for Tioek to sesk to make capital out of it ag a reformer, rather surpasses his falgs protenses jusotting himself np as the reformer wlho overthrew Boss Twxep, whils the fact is that Troex did not dosort Tweep until tho latter hnd fallon. S g The rocent action of the Scnate upon the caso of Pincanack ia not vory creditablo to those concerned in it. Prxompaox olaimed to have boen olocted to the United States Senato for tho term beginning March 8,1873, For three years ho was o claimant for tho sent, aud for the pny and emolumonts of the office. The Senato, howaver, rejected him na o member, and a proposition to pay him the pay of & Senator for tho time he was a claimant, nggregating some $20,000, failed to receiva a msjority voto,~tho Dom-~ ocrats and a portion of tho Republicans vot- ing in the nogative. ~ But at the timo that Prvonpack was eclectod in Loulsinng tho Democrats cleated a man nomed Srxes in Alabamna. Tho Benato rojectod Byxss, and ro- peatedly voted down motions to pay him the salary of o Sonator whilo a contestant. At 1aat, the friends of Pixcauack moved to in oludo in tho resolution an ordor to pay Srres his clajm, and behold the result! Whon the vote was taken on the doublo fraud, all the Pemocratic Senators excopt olaven declined vollng, and lot the resolution pasa. Iere wos Domocratlo roform, Prnounack's $20,- 000and Brxx's $10,000 wero both claims withont justico or equity. The Democrals had for threo yesrs unanimously donied Pmcnpick’s demand, but the moment it was proposed to give a Confedernto $10,000 they permitted the wholo 330,000 o bo voted without an objestion, ——— The Democratic newspapers throughout the country are already beginning to doubt very serfously Mr, Tiprn's ability to earry bis own State in November, and are beseoch- ing the New York Demoorats to put forward thelr very best and strongest man for Gov- ernor, 50 na fo pull him through, Thoy seewn to havo agreed upon Homatio Szymour a5 the man most likely to save Tiupxxin New York, and thorefore nrge his nomiua- tion, Now Mr, Seruovs himself nas bosn o standing Democratio candidato for Presidont for a good many yoars ; ho tried it'onco and failed, and wo questjon very much whother he will caro to exert what influsnoo ke may bave to help Mr. Tiorxx on to muccess, which would contrast so atrongly with his bwn fallure. Desides, Mr. Bexmoun is tho man who got the voto of Now York only by the most palpable and brazen frauds on {he ballot-box, of which Trworx wes fully cognizant, if not actuslly the originator nnd manipalator. Wo doubt whothor tho same combination will again be permitiod to chent tho people of Now York out of their fran- ohigo; ita very appoarance would put them on their guard, and array ogainst thomn all the votes and influoncoof honest mon who remombor their formor oxporienco. The programmo is to induce Mr. Bexsmous to try it 8y offering him n placo in Tiroex's Cabi- net, and thus making Donamences, who is to run for Lisutenant-Governor, the Governor of the Btate, Let thom try it by all menns, Wo aro satisfled that the Ropublicnns will bring out a sironger man than the Domo- oratio party of that Stato contains, One such man has alrondy beon mentionod—Wirriax . Evants, Tho Bouth Carolina outrago, upon which wa have commonted at length in anothor ar- ticlo, took its origin in a parade of a negro militia compnny {n a connty where the in- linbitants aro nosrly all nogroes. It was ong of the features of the colebration of the Con- tonninl Fourth, While this company was parading through the streets pencefully, with o right of way universally conceded on such ocensions, o couple of the blus-blooded in- habitants who rank as white men camo rid- ing along in an opposite direotion, snd or daored the militla company to brenk ranks ond let thom pass, Tho negroes very natu- rally refused to do so, Theroupon tho white men appealed to a local Justice of tho Peace, who endeavored o mako the negro militin ewrrendor up their arms. This they alse vory properly rofased, as the Justico of the Penco wont outside of his jurisdie. tion. This was sufficient provoca- tion for the whites to bogin a whole- splo moseacre of tho blacks, Now the proper way to appreciato this is to imagino that, in this community, wheren grent ma-~ jorlty of the peoplo are white, a couplo of drunken nogroos should try to ride down ono' of the companies of the Sccond Regiment. Would that company give way? Woulda Justice of the Peaca order the Second Regi- mont to deliver up its arms bocause it refused to give way to the twonegroes? And would tho negro population turn out &nd massacre tho Becond Regiment in rovango for the re- volt? TYinally, would nuy ono of those things bo tolerated in & Northern commu- nity? - It has boon gonerally belioved that the Ameriean Bankrupt law requirod amending, but’ we doubt whether the following, ‘which has been agreed upon in Congress, will help matters much : _ Sxcrion B18. Atany time atter tho explration of slx months from adjudication of bankrupiey, or if no debta have beon proved against the bankrapt, or If no nssete have come to tha hands of tho Ase pignee at any time after tho explration of sixty days, snd bofora final dlsposition of the causo, tho ‘bankrupt may apply to the Court for o diacharge from hls debt, This action sliall apply in all coyes herctofora or hereafter commenced, 'Tha necessity for a changoe in tho Bank. rupt law has boon suggested by tho palpable froudy that havo been worked out under jt. It has boen n common thing for men to go into court with linbilities amouanting to hun- dreds of thousands of dollars and roport no nsgets nt all. The absonce of any ndequate punishment for fraud in bankruptoy procoed- ings has been tho weak point of the law, but thisis not nt all supplied by tho present amendment. It meroly enlarges the numbor who ¢an ask for an’ shsolute discharge, and it abankrupt endeavors to pull through by suppressing what assots he hns; and siicddods in withholding thom from view for six montus, then he is nfrec man ond thero is no further relief £or his creditors, A liberal Bankrapt act s undoubtedly a great blessing in times liko theso in cases of genuine and inoxtricable insolvency ; but theso times are likowiso full of tomptations for men to nct dishonestly and defraud their creditors, and the Bankrupt lnw ought to provide eafo- guards ogainst it. Smre————— Wlhen Gov, Dix waa elected {n 1872, and the Republicans obtalned .wossession of tho Btate Gavernment, they found things in a protty bad shape. In proof of this, read the following from the remnrks of Gov. Dix, In New York City, Oct. 20, 1874: And in the llrn]:hcn Tet mo say to you briefly what wo have dono in tho way of flllnnc{ll reform, Two years and a half ogo when we camo into xuwur we found o dejiciency of siz milllons and a alf in the Treasury. Ve havemadeit up, We found the Sinking Funds, which were pledged by the Constitution to the payment of the Statodelt, Jud been purloined and' pplied to tho current ex- pcnaes of the Government, A year ayo Iatated to, ho Legislaturo in my nnnual “meswngo thut there wero 813, U0U, 000 to o replaced, 4 uve ai- ready been restored, and the SinMng Funds are now complete, During tho vame poriod gote indebtedness of tho Stats has been rednced moro than £8,000,000. * If we are continued {n puwer untt] the spelngr of 1877, the Bounty debt, Emounting to $21,000,000, uill ba pald oif with= out any increnss of taxatlon, The denersi- Fund debt 18 virtually extingulshied by a Siukln Fund which now equals the whole amount; and wilt bo paid of as svon a4 the bonds fal) dud, —und in the conrse of the next four years, When tho Bounty and Genoral-Fund debiy ara Nquidatad, thore will remuin enly the Cunal debt, amountly, {0 Lotwoen 80,000,000 sud 810,000,060, _In o 1t will probably b reduced to helow 84, 000, 000, and this will constituto the wholo amount of the fndebtedness of tho State. Grie of the mot im- surlant conteguences of tha veduction and flquidas {on of (head dedts will be (0 rellacs.the peopls of the State from the gnnval payment ajsf 000 Ffuree.. 1think no fair wan will deny that thesy Tosulta aro most creditablo to the mutagemont of our fluances under u Republican Adwinistration, The Albuny Journal soys” the result was ovon better than Gov. Dix predicted, beeause he did not take futo aceount the large promtum upon the Sinking-Fuud fnvestmenta which Re- publicane lud made, The enormous reduction of Stato taxes was made by a Republican Ad. inistration, and Tiwoey and ls crowd had nothing to do with the retrenchment. The Journal remarks: A Democratic State Adminstration, when Tie. DpEN wad one of the foremudt men i the party, = purlolned srom lrust funds and syuitadered n v profilgate munnor” orer alr mitllons of dollira in four yeurs, L. uEN knew thess Jacts thoroughly.” Yef 0 pereonally, in o piblic speech, clalms the eredit tor his own Adminlstration for this reduction of taxation, Tho plaln truth thus convicts uim of Julee pretenees aud of nipkting (o himsalf credit Tor results iu which ho has 1o saure at all auy nore than the Kbun of Tartury. This sjuglo truneac- tlon reveals YiLnes os o prowender anda doma- gogue of the most shamolesd gort, Mo roba ofhier uien of thy Lonur of thele work falthfully done, He presenta himseltus » roformer fu admnistra. tion, when the fact 18 shown that o was the énll- mate compunion of the politicluns and wos one of the powersul supporlers of tho Btate Administra. :llulll. \:‘Im robbed the Preastiry of slx millions of lollars. the nggro- —ee——— The latest “crow-cater?” who has advertised Lis subserviency to TILDEN s HENRY CLay DeaN, who made the grandiloquent splurge againat tho Bt. Louls candidato the night before Lo was nominated, and who would nevor—uo, never—cat crow, Tho pecullar fuconsistoucy of this Instance is that TILDEN 1s ‘a cleun-shirted and stiff-necked aristocrat, whilo Nsany Cray Deax prides bimself on being just tho veverse, Tho Anawmosa (Ia.) Journal, apropos of DEAN'S Fourth-of-July oratlon which be dellvered fn Auauose, gives a long description of kis per- soual appearance, frow which we tako the fol- lowing Lrict extract: An old acqualntunce of Mr, Deas Intlinates that dirt Is ono of tho traditions of the Virgiula fune {ly of which he s a scion, and excuscs hils sloven- Huess by rncouulluflllm oft-mado statoment that Lo was born in ftand bred to it, Conceding thls ta be trug, it seome Lo us that his cunstant contact withwoclety, s cuntinun) uttrition with tho bewd minds of a bury conni Ll eaTudpontey UEG, LSS, weuld w practical dece hin moral nature. Tiut neither the serane indne 28 of religion nor the fancifal ambition of ponc have bén ablo to persuado him_ 1o forake s fascinations of teno fithinean. When an (tiner Methodlet preacher, hin nopatent lovo-of 11ty v Juat an morhid and dingusting 8 1t 1a mow, Tay Chiureh Conterancen recognlzed his sbounding yort satllity of mind, but they would not ssalgn hiwm vy the hest oppolutmente, for hii PP the eat”ap ntw, for his lack of tidines eged that 'thin wan ono. renson af pi Iving up Is conncctlon with the Chiusch and (i owing out hin political dreamse In politics ha g been na well known an "Dlrly-shlrgnlnl" a1 b was In hie ministerial vocation. Ho has bewot sloven from his youth up, and is to-day the rh\c‘ ofslovens, ohaaindulged In it so long, mfi hnl*,- mo 8 perdonal concelt, and an unfray ono s, o 1t muat be peculiarly gratifylng to the aristo cratfc Titnax to whip iu men of Dxaxn's pere sonal habits and tnstes, whon they have beey consplcuous fn tholr opposition to him; ang (g Drax Is tho wallowing kind of man he fs abovy described to be, crow {8 probably not o very un. savory dish to him. ————— The Buez Canal Company declared its firs dividend nt tho meeting of the atockholders oy the 27th wit. Tho dividond was 1 88-100 franey per share, which, as the shares rate at about 720 francs cach, Ia but a trifle over one-fourthof | per cent, which is the sole and cntlro retorn upon the Investment since the enterprise way hegun. The total roccipts for the year pas were 00,827,104 francs, and tho total outlay, n cluding Intereat account, 20,737,047 francs, leay. ing a balance of 1,100,147 franca~$220,020 gold —to be distributed among tho sharcholders, During the year, 1,404 veasels, of the aggregaty measureniont of 204,703 tons, pasised through tho camal, and tho auccessful passage o tho English ship Harknow, drawing 8 410 inctres (about 28X fect), is cited as proof of ftg excellent working order. Thoproposition forthe neutralization of the csnal, and for 1ts purchase, or rather its support, by the maritimo powcrs by annual contributions fn len of toll, acconl ing to thelr reapective tonnage, is now favorably discussed by both tho English and French jour nals, This would cost England an annuity of 14,800,000 francs, Frauco of 1,842,000 francs, and the other natlons in proportlon, according to tho extent of their merchant marine, ———— The recent fearful ‘disnster fn the English Navy happened to the Zhunderer, one of the four most poworful vessels of that navy, ade geription of whose copstruction and armamenl was recently printed in Tus Trisuse. The British ironclad flect scems to be pecullarly une fortunate, In October, 1870, tho Caplain foun dered oft Capo Fivistere. July 1, 1871, the Agtneourt struck a rock off Glbraltar. July§ 1871, tho Caledonia ran ashore. Dec. 25, 1872, tiie Northumberland callided with, the Her- cules, 8cpt. 1, 1876, the Jron Duke col 1ided on the same day with the Vanguard and Dlack DPrince. Nov. 20, tho JIron Duke, by somo defecta In her engine, sprung a leak. Nov. 28, 1575, the Monarch collided with a Nor weglan merchantman nud nearly sank; and now comes tho boller exploslon on the TAunderer, by which thirty 1lives aro sacrificod. ' So many disnsters among the English fronclads arguess radical defect somewhere, both In English sca- manship and workmanship. —————— The late AvausTus HEMENWAY, tho Boston millionaire-merchant, has bequeathed $100,000 for charitable purposes, In his will hoexpressod the wish that it might bo distributed as “much 08 possible among thoso most worthy, avolding all such as make two paupers whero there was but ono before, and those with ‘any appoarance of sham,~where the managers derive pecuniary profit from the management,—my wish belog to aid the worthy poor, and to assist thoso who ar¢ willing to sssist themeclves, when able, and te smooth tho Inst hours of the dyiug poor.” The 1ast wishes of Mr, HEMENWAY are fn reality @ severe but well-deserved strleturo upon the present mapagoment of public charitics, which makes two paupers wwhero thero was ono before, nnd squanders the Jarger proportion of the cone tributions of the charitabls uspon offictal pen. slonera and dead-beats. e ——— Tho New Cenfury for Women, a paper printed on the Centennlal grounds in the Intercsts of women, males the announcement that many ladles living in the country near Philadelphls lave agreed together to reccive, each at by own house, during the summer, one or twe poor.clildren or a mother apd’ child for s week or fortnight, and give them plain but comfort able accommodations, This kind-hearted offer will bo cagerly limproved by the parcnts of the little children who arc being slaughtcrod so fearfully Ly tho hot weather In. tho Eastern citica. ‘The New York Zritume appeals to the farmera aud owacers of country-soats near New York to do the ssme. Tho Philadelphia propo- sition shows that the milk of human kindness 1s not yet entirely dried up, and that theroare some green and pleasant onses which the blaz Ing sun has not yet scorched. e — (Tho flrst Stato election to come off will be held in Kentucky, for members of the Legisla ture and Circult Judges, on the first Monday in August. Next will follow tho election In Ver- mont Tor Blate officers and members of the Gon- eral Asscinbly, on the first Tuesday in Beptem- ber. On the first Wednesday of Scptember will bo held tho Callfornia election for members of tho General Assembly ond of Congresa, On the secoud Tuesday of October, bealdes the electiont in Obfo aud Indiana, will be held eloctions in Tows, Nebrasks, West Virglnla, and Georgla. et The Charleaton (8, C.) Courler (Confcd.) puts Tilioofs and Indiana “doubtful,” when In foct the former 18 perfectly certaln to give HAYES and WiEELER 40,000 to 50,000 majority, and the Iatter 12,000 to 18,000 for the same candidates. . Thero are no doubtful States in the Northat agalust TiLDxN and IlzNDRICKS, excopt Con nectleut. 2 Alargopart of the Western Domocrats: do not enthuse over the nomination of TiLDEN. "Tliey aro eating biled crow, and make wry foce thereat, and rye mouths to get It down. e —— From preacnt appearances tho Repubiicant will casry every Northern State cxeept Connect feuts . ) e et——— PERSONAL. Vanderbilt gays ho **bus no Intentlon of dying uatil the present railroad war la scttled." Capt. Cook, of the Yale crew, will soonwrites book on rowing, Iils pon msy yet provetolo mightler than his oar. Mr. Willlam M, Evartals warmly supported for the oMce of Governor of Now York by the New York Times and Tribune. Prof, Golilwin 8mith expects to eall for Enropt in Octoter, wiih the Intentlon of apending severol montha fn England and on the Continent, Lawronce Barrott, the tragodisn, lias subscribed 8950 for thy 2erald Custer Monumént ¥und, and ffers to play at one of tho theutres for ta beneBi. Tn response toa telogeaphic summons frow the other slle, Lord Mandovillu aud his Amerlcan beide sallod, Wodnesdny, for Englend, fn the Russls, Afss Jowell telegraphed from the North River t¢ hor mother ot Wushington, offering congratula: tlons upon the roleass of the hiead of the family trow his posltion tn the Cabinet, Mrs. Loulso Chandler Moulton thinks Kate Field's aftes-dinnes speech Ju London **had not a dull lino anywhere," Hut was not the man with & gllitering eyo rather **too numerous™? . Mr, Thomaa G, Bhearmsn says that the time to answer Francis D, Moujton's complaint docs not es+ plro until July 30, Ha has not yat decided whethen to fl¢ an answer on bobalf of Mr, Deecher or not. Woston made $10,000 ta $15,000 by hiafirsl walking successes in London, but haying slnce been beaten by a pumber of smateurs, sud not having the discretion to retire on bls savings, hio s likely 1o 1080 sl hio s uade, % The Crystal Pslace, London, has patd no divi- donds for many years, and it 1¢ now proposed ta aell it, leaso It, or disposs of it by lottery, For- kope an enterprising clrcus-mansgos wmight do something for the establlabaiont. Mr, Q. P, Lathrop publishes s card In the New York Zvribune defending himaclf agaloat the e pututions mado by Mr. Jullan Hewtborne {u cons nection with tha recently-published **Study of Nathanlel Hawthoroo," The defenss is in better tosts than the attack, belng comdned Lo lesues ol