Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 15, 1876, Page 11

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, JULY 15, 1876—TWELVE, T PAGER, ———— T LITERATURE. Peru and the Peruvian Rail~ ways. Somo Wonderful Triumphs of Engineering Sl:il_l. Engincering College in Ja- pan=--Arabic Numerals in Europe. Flora Round About Chicago-—-Tho Pulse or Pea Family Experiments with Artificial Manures---Cocculus In- dicus in Beer. The Potato-Disease--=Books and Poriodicals Recoiveds«=Lit= erary Notes. FAMILIAR TALK. TERU AND TR RAILWAYS, Teru, with o population of only 3,000,000, I!nn Ivested about $140,000,000 In- railronds, The epublle, o many respeets badly managed,— the poliey of lier Government having been chiefly administered by corrupt officinls for the benefit of private rather than public intercsts,— Jins the wisdom to understand that hier pros- perity depends upon the construction of a syatom of highways that shall bring tho centres of her Immense natural wealth into communiea- tion, and allow of a apeedy Interchange of the products of her mountaing, and forests, and plalns, while affording 8 rendy outlet for the wholo Into the great. channels of the world's commeree, The area of Pert, estimated with only an_approximate acewracy, Is sumewhere hear 60,760 miles, It I8 1,100 miles fux longth, 750 wmiles In breadth ot fts whiest polnt, wong the morthern boundary, and hd miles In widlh ot its southern tor- mings. 1t has n coast-line, exclusive of fudentations, of 1,600 miles, or nearly equaling that on the Atlantle border of the United Rtates, Yet, notwithstanding the great extent of Its seabourd, on aecount of ts rocky shores, and of he dreadful surf that heats perpetually agalnst heach and hightand, L has few hurbors, and, with the exception of Calluo, its seaports are fnsignificant In slze, and lifcless enve ut the [ntervals when foreign steamers enst anchor i thelr rondstends. ‘Flie surface of Peru 18 divided into three dis- tnet helts. ‘Thut lying along tho const Is a bar- ren, sandy tract, varylng in width from 80 to G0 miles, and sloping with o rapld descent from the nse of the Cordllleras to the ocean. Where it {s traversed by atreams, the sofl Is remarkably fertile; but, between these onses, the land is a hot, arld waste, covered with o fine, shifting sund,—the continnal sport of the winds, which £oss It tnto fautastic heaps, or drive it through tho afr In colossal pillars, from 80 to 100 fect In beight. The second belt of country, enlied the Sterra, Includes tho mountatuous " reglons, cmbracing the two ranges of the Cordltierus, Iying nhout 100 miles apiart, and sepurated by Tigh plateny, fertile piahis, mud decp “ropleal valleys. ‘The level of tho inter-Cordilicras plafus averages 10,000 feet, and §s bounded on clther sido by Itremendous mountain-walls, many of whosé peaks rise far aboye the limit ot perpetunt guow, The third belt, called the JMontana, oceupies two-thirds of the uren of ern, and stretehes from the foat of the Eust- vrn Cordilicras to tho borders of Brazil. It con- gists of vust forests and niluvial plains, whoso wealth s notyetheen explored, nor itaresources gearcely more than divined. It awnits the open- ing of ‘rondways cutting it transversely, and connocting it With thowater-routes lnvishily fur- uished by the tributaries of the Amsfon, in order to” yield up its manifold and “falupble vepetable products for the uses of mankind, The oldcst ruilway in Peru was bulit by pri- vate untcrtrlsc. and completed fn 1851, It con- nects the City of Lima with the port of Cal- Iao, 8 miles distant to the southeast, und is the most. rroflmhlu roud in tho countly. The second rafhway conneets Lima with Clorrillas, Tyings ) inllcs to the northcast, wnd the popular wensfde resort of Peru, Thesu two fron tracks placo Lins, which is situnted 7 miles back on the platn, i communieation with thoe const, and aru llke Lwo great arma stretehing out fn n wide cxpange to embrace the commerce of the sons, Arond 28 miles lone unites Eten with Lam- huyeque, on the northern consty and another, 40’ ml‘cs I length, links Tacna with the south- crn sonport, of Atca, A continuation of this rond to LaPaz ts projected, which will havo u tise of 14,000 feet, nud cost 852,000,000, Tquique and Plaagrun are hound togethice by 100 miles of rond; and therearoshort tracks leading respuct- fvely from Cerro de ascoy Pimentel, “Trwitlo, Falilas, and from Plseo to Lima, snd from Lima to Mogdnleun, ‘Thesu lines ire wll owned by pri- vate companies, and represent 325,000,000, Among tho minor raflwnys constructed by the Government {8 one hetween Pisco and lea— Tength 45 mlles, and cost. $1,500,000; another, from Lima to Chaneay—length 45 miles, awl cost £8,000,000; and a third, from Payts to Tlura—length 00 miles, and eost §1,050,06) ATl the extentlvo rouds In Peru are constrieted by Mr. Henry Melggs, an Amerlean contractor, nind aro sald to he models of skiil in englicerins, The eost ot hullding {8 50 per cent greater thin in the United Btotes, ns almost thy entire ma- terlal entering fnto the construction wnd euttit ot a Pernvian rallway I8 fmported, and the price of labor {3 Lwlco s lilgh us In our own conutry. I'ho prauge of nll the roads, save oue, s 4 fect and nclies. . P’rof. Orton, whoso {nteresting work on tho “Andesandthe Amazon" furnisiics uswiththese partivulars, states, with regard to_thoe forelen contributiona to the raftronds of Perus “The rulling-atock I8 Ameriean, the cars combg from Gitlhert, Bush & Cuyy ‘Iroy; the locomotives (mostly Rogera’) fram Paterson. A locomotive on thy trick costs from $20,000 to $25,000, and o first-cluss car 35,500, The ties are from Oreon; the rails from England; the diamond- drills from America, worked by Rand & War- ing’s compressor; und the statlonary machinery from Leeds., 'The shops and depols gencrally are made of English galvanized fronj the shov- cls aro Ames'; and the water-tanka are Ditts’ atent, The engineers are invarjably, 1 beliove, Paglisivepeaking and tho laborers irs Chinese, Cholos, snd Cl Mlenians, Peruylnns may bé proud of thelr guano; but certalnly they” can- uot hold up thelr leads when thcf' remember that not o thing has entered into the constrie- tlon of their rutlways but what 18 forcign, suve, I)l:r)l::pl dirt, stone, lhine, und powder; which it artlcle, so indisponsable, Mr. Meligs s obliged by contract to huy of the Goyernment. Tho timber, irom, rolllng-stock, labor, fuel, and nearly oll the 'food, aro fnported,” Even the money wmuhh;myn for it s forelgn—bank Dills engraved in New York, and Bollyiau sllver "T'he road, 186 miles luui: o r Cullno, ou tho const, with Oroga, 13,178 feet uhove tha level of the sca, {8 pronounced ono of the most glzantle_onglncerhys enterprises ever under- taken, It was begun fn 1670, und was to be concluded durbgs the present year, at o cost of 827,000,000 During the flrst 30 mlles, thoe roud rises nearly 5,000 feet and, nt the end of miles, reaches an olevation of 13,178 foct, The Riggheat spot en the road §s 15,046 feet. Bixty- thres tunucls, with an aggregato length of 21,000 feot, pleree the mountains Iying in its path; and thirty bridgea and crossinggs, of iron il stong, carry it ovor lnwrvcx.llw gulfs und streams, “Thy Verrugas bridge," says Trof, Orton, *{s the most remarkublo structure of its KItd In tho world, It spans s chusm 550 foct wlde, and resta on throo piers, 'Tho buse of the middio pler 18 80 feot squure, and ts Lelght 1 953 feot, Tho deficetion s only flve-clghths of anfnch, It was made at Phanixville, Pa., of hotlow wrought-ron columne, und cost in New York §03,000. This triwnph of Amerlean {ngo- nulty Is the great uttractiun in Peru, and s the wonder and praise of all vistors,” T tho first thrca years of ta bullding, 7,000 Taborers lost thelr 1ives from ageldenta aud from postilential discascs, The urmy of workmen un&guyod on the road at one iime numbered 8§,000; " thesnules used In transportation cost £115,000% and overy month 500,000 pousds of gunpowder were consumed tu bissting, Tho longest rallroad south of the Equator stretehes fram the little scaport town, Mollen- do, to Arequips, u distance of 107 nfles, and thenco to Puno, on the west cost of Lake Titl vaca, 218 mlles forthier. 16 was built ut u costot ,000,000, and completed fu 1674 Although thicre 8 no tunnel in the Orst division, 8,000, mwdx of powder wero used i conatructing soad-bud. The deopest cut 1s 90 feet, mfi,LBunu" aro slid to the highest fill 113 feet, “On the second divis- Son, the tatal amount of cxcovatiolt was ¥ 000'euble yarids, the duepest cut belngs 127 feet 2,000 yarda)? the Iigiest 6], 141 Tects pows der e, 15,500 quintula”* There s one shoit tunnel, nd’ only foue bridies, all Americn the Jongeat of which stretches 1,000 feet, maximum grade {8 4 per cents and the brnkes have Lo be new shod every rouni trip, Jast of Arequipa 116 miles, theroud crossestiie Andes nt. analtitnde of 14,60 feot, mud passes thesuminit through n,cut of” anly 107 feet, The Oy Radleond" witcs Prof. Orton, “excels n dif- fleutty of works this, in aniount of exeavation, na also, perhaps, in '\ho sufTeriugs of thunen, arlsing m rant of foold nmd fuel, and the nevale rot ' raln, stiow, coli, and roreticd afr. i ot thera was erouble f coollig vertain artleles af food, a8 boune, for exampley for the water botled hefore it was Inh'l{ hot, g0 that the nen were obliged to nso closed cans to cook uns der pressure. But there in this gain with the locomotives: the ateam i gencruted and acts Moo frealy ot higle attitudes, and Tess fuel | needed, A{ telegruph Hus follows the railrowd," Thty-fivemiles of #inch pipe have been laid ulmmmfc the rod, to supply Motlendo with water from n tatfon in the muuntaing 7,000 fect. el This Iran aquedict—the ongest i tha world—cast 320,000 per mile, atd disenavees 000 gallons kn twenty-four hours, Leaving Mol- Tendy, the Arcquips Rond winds alongs up the western avelivities of tho mountains, and crosses the grest, trackless desert of Islny, 62 mlics in breadth. #Nothing breaks the monotony but_now aud then o mdrage, here and theren aanid-dune, and the rouglest kind of metamor- phic il in the distan overed with a sheet of white volennle dust; for the surfacc of thisseaof sand {s really us restlost s the ocean—ulways on the move, « . o There is m\mo\y o trace of vegetation, savo here and there an nshy, gaunt-lookdug eactun; yet nround the lenlky water-tanks tiie grass grows luxuriantly." The 107 mifles from Mollendo to Arequipn nro accomplislied {n cheht hours, and not o villago 1les on the entive rotte, Arequipn stands i o Tuxuriant vallay, 10 miles long by 5 milen \\'lllul Jamatea, certaln rpecles of Pulse are henfee {hy the natlyes nad thrown into poola fn evdee 1o poteon the fish, which ool act i though In- elestkeedd o e, anidy vl toLie st fee, v takon Ly the hand, oldertlahoiten Trom this treatuent, bt the youns onca rally killud. For derorative purposes fn greenhio riens {lie Logwninscen offer 3 muititude of wtiful trees, shrubs,und herba, ‘The Acaclos, the Locusts, the pretty Red-Bid of our foreats, It I 2 annsea of pluk Llown I the carly apring,—and the noble Admherstia of Turkey, « for thelr greceful fflllnffl and honil- I'he Wistaria, the Sweet Pen, the Scarlet Bean, and o host_ beside, aro for thelr showy blossums sl churis Tu Cassln, the enftivete Ing fragrance, Tiut, there remains yet o tralt to he mentioned fhat, In o singnine degree, characterizes certain membera of thia striking family, It i3 thelr renaltiveness. The Miny which alirinks at o toweh, §s & conemon object of curiosity, The Hensitive Briar, o near relation of the Mimoso, wrowing in our Southern States, Is ahinost s ritablu; and the Carsta of our own woods folds all its featlcts t n belug plueked. The Clovers shut at nizntfall, as It 1l nthey species 3 stormy weath- “The tost remarkahle of all plants that have n canacity of mution fa the Jesmodinm. guravs, o native of the Jast Indies, The terml- il Jeatiots of this plant inerely close at nighty the Iuternl lenflets wave up and downy all Tong, with a_quick, lecky action, A few gecondsof rest follow each throbbing woye- 5. ment. The signiticanee af this very pecullar b havlor hasnot been discovered by botanists, ] [t resnalns an fnscrutable wonder. Thirty-four apecies of Legnminotee nro named tn the Hora roundabout Chicigo. The com- monest of these are the Clovers. The Red Clover (7rifolium pratenze) and the White Clov- er (7. repenx)ubouid everywhere and the Buffulo Claver (7. _rejlexnm) grows sparingly nt River- sidle, and along the North Demuch of the Chicas o fhiver, The White -Sweet Clover (Melilotus ulba) _1s frequently seen within the Gy tmmits, Phe fuphie (Luplnus peren- nls), with s handsome palmate” leaves sud Zohfreon s 1 i wnste Kt o Tertlicby the listle River Chfle. Itiselovated 7,550 feck, nbave the scn, und enjoys o delghitul'cll- mate; but Is in n voleanic regiu, wad subject to frequent carthquakes, Jt linsa populntion of 40,000, anl depends ly upon the trade in nlpaca. - The eity recelves ummally from the Uovernment a subsidy of 350,000. The road be- yund Areqitipa ascends rapidly, and crosses the 'nmpa de Arrlrens at.an elevation of 13,000 feet. Vineimayo, o villago created by the railroul, and the only pne on the wholo line, s wituated 100 miles cast’of Arequipa, uud at an altituda of 14,48 feet. The_sumit of the rond ia 14,60 feet above the Pacllle, From this the dese to Puno—a town of 5,000 nhabitanta—Is 2,113 feet. ‘This is the castern terminus of an expei- sive rond, which, to yicld the Govermuent any returns, must bo extended Iu various direetions, A tributary, leading from a polul near Puno to Cuzco, atructl distant 2107miles, I8 In process of con- jon, at o cost of $25,000,000. The highest lilarond—14,150 feet—isreached alimost twveen the two termindy aud, during ceoding 00 miles proceeding’ towarc Cuzeo, there fs n doscent of 10,000 feety followed by arlso of 7,330 fect in tho Just 20 or 30 miles, Mr. Melpgs Tins hnd at ono thne contracts with the Peruvian Government for building seven rallronds, with an ngFmgnln length of 1,000 miles, nnd for n eonsideration of $133,00,000, To mect this cuiormous expense, the Government depends mainly upon its deposits of guano on the Lobos Islands, umounting, according to Prof. Orton'’s reckoning, to 4,000,000 tons, aud worth en the spot $35 jier ton; upon its trensures of nitrate of godn, reckoned nt 63,000,000 tons, and worth .50 per quintal upon ita extiausticss mines of precious metala; and npon its boundless wealth of vegetable productlons of au almost infinite varlety. It 18 only recently that the Government has cstabllshed u statistical burcau, and, prior to this jevent, it wns impossible to get anything ke ‘n correet estimate of fts fmports and ex- ports. The total revenne ut the Castom-Houses on the coast was, ln 1673, about $25,000,000 ENGINEERING IN JAPAN.! Several years ngo, an Imperial College of En- glneering waa cstablished fn Japun, for the pur- pose of cducating natlve enginecrs for the Department of Public Worka. Admission to thio school, says an English exchange, §a obtain- ed by competitive examination, the course of instruction is very complete, and the College ls at present under _the management of English Prolessors,—the_ English langunge having sp- arently been ndopted us the selentlfle tongue. Yfl conneetion with this institution, there arc wellitted laburatories and work-shops of varlous kinds. The epecial courses ure civil and mechanienl engineering, telegruphy, urchitecture, practical chmiatey aiid metallurzy. Tho num- her of students, it the closs of last yuury wos N ARABIC NUMERALS. The carlieat examplo hitherto known of the use of the Arable numerals in Europe {s ufford- ed in the date 1355, which Petrarch wrote in o manuscript copy of 8t. Angustine. Itecontly, attentlon has been called to the occurrence of several dates nbnutfl)e' ars older, In o treatise on the Astrolabe, by Muchah Allah, which is treasured fu tho Cambridge University Library, A bellat North Wotton, in Somersctshiro, bears the date 1265 fn Arable tfzures; but this 13 not conatdered nuthentie, and considernble ingenutity has heen vainly oxpended in the elfort to” settle satisfactorily the enfgma it offers. SPARKS 0F' SCIENCE. FLORA ROUND ABOUT CIHICAGO. Tne Purse on Pra Fasiny,—The Leguniina- cee, or Pulsc Family, fs next to the lurgest tribe In the vegetable kingdom. 34 fucludes up- ‘wards of 6,500 species, divided Into &% gencrn; and {a important not only for its size, bst for the nnmber and varlety of useful products it ylelds for the benefit of man, A nnjority of the members of the order sre widely distributed, ocenrring in distant und far-sundered regions, yet o conslderable proportlon ure confined within limited geographical bounds. Most of the spe- eles found In Australla are unknown clsewhere, and wany genern ore peeuliar to the Cape of (iood 1ope, to Europe, and to the Continents of the Western Hemlaphere, Tho only places where representatives of the family do not oe- cur are the Islands of Tristan d'Acugua and St. eleua. As for tho valusble products furnished by the tribe, theso nre almost beyond cnuneration. Among the hard, durable, aud ornamnental woods for which we go to this order, may ho named the Locust,which is close-grafued and last- {ng; the Laburnum, a wood light-olive-green in hue and neautifully gratneds tho fragrant Rose. woodj the Itakaaood of Guluun, striped with black and brown, und desirable for eablnet- works tho Purple-lHoart, o wood of extremo toughness; the Wallaby, whose deepered color s varlepated with white; the lrazil-wood, Moru-wood, and dozeus uf others suited for building or ornamental purposcs. Among the dyes for which we sre dependent upon tho Pulse Fumily are the decp rud, ob- tained from Sandal-wood; the yellow, from yarlous specles loasely ranged under the term Brazitewood the hlue of Indigu, aml the vari- aus dyes ylelded by Logwood, Comwood, Sap- pan-wood, DBraslletto, Dragon'a Blood, the Buteas, andthe Red Sanders, For perfumes the tribe glves ua the Tonka-bean, Calambac, Balsam of Peru, Balsam of Tolu, and the fra- grant fowereof un Acacln whoso distllled esconce is especinlly dainty and deliclous to the refined sense. ‘Tho preclous store of ;iunu afforded by ths family. fncludes Gumy Aruble, Guin Traga- cantly Senegal, Aufmn, Drazllian Capal, wiik Kino, Its drugs and incdicines sro still more numerous, as fustauce Senug, Mauna, Llcorice, Copalva, L‘ntcchu, Cowhage, Fenugreck, and manifold others. “The burk of various species abounds fn Tannin, rivaling the oak in tho se- eretion of this property; and the fibre of others is useful for tho wmandfacture of cordugoe and bufiglufi. it it I8 In food-plants that tho famlly is nota- bly woalthy. Peas, Boans, Lentils, Tumatocs Peunuts, Carob-pods, and the seeds of uurvnl varloty of spocice, wiford subsistenco, for muti; while "the Clovers, Trefolls, Lucernes, Medicks, Suintfoln, Berradllla, Comel'a Thorn,und Woud- wauxen, ure amoug the plauts gnwlllly devoured by wild and domestic suimals,” A popular drink with the sboriglues of Central America, callod “Chien,” 1s mudo from the puds borne by ous of the Pulse Family; and an uxcellent sauce for meat, and a palatabie drink, are manufactured by thu natiyes of Afriea from the leaves of the Parkia, 'Tho secds of cortaln specles form a good substitute fur coffes. But it is usolces to sttempt a mentton mcrely of the yurfous dishes and drinks which may bo obtalued fu differunt parts of the world from the fruits of this prodi- | iul famlly. y: It will scemn strange, after so Imposing an array of the vnlunblng?‘;nnlluu of u.‘?.“ L:%um- Inocice, tolearn that the arder ls, nsa whole, noted for its polsonous propertles, Thero lurks a deleterious principle in the julees of mmfi even of the plunts whose products are deemu: wholesome. — The s of varicties of tho Bweot Pew are very harmful, The benutlful searlet aud black beans called * Black-Eyed bo higlly uous, In showy eplkes of blue flowers, s conspicuous i wasta places In May and June, The Pror Jloritnder §s In flower from June to Heptember, Lt will ba met with only at Hinsdate und Palas tine. Twospecles of the Prafrlo Clover (Patal- oslemon candidia st 1, vlolaceun)—onge Naving rosc-purple flowers, and the other white—are common on the prairies in the month of July, In the same localitics, and at the sume sensoll, may be found the Lead-Plant (dmorpha canes- cens), which i masked by its crowded und hoary pinnate lenves. The hundsomne Gont’s Rue (T(phmln Virginia) brightens the sandy felds ot Miller's and Gib- son's durlng Jine and July, The weak-stermmed Milk-Votelt (Aatroguiua Canadensis) showa its rcam-colored flowers in July and August sloug the Inke-shore sonth of the” clty. Of the Des- nodiums, & r eutiful genug, we have four spe- cles. The . acwminatum and 1. Canarlense uwro common, while the D, nudifforum is malnly rostrlcted to the woolds ol Glencoe, anid e D Sessfifolium to the vieinily of Tydo Park. Uf the Bush Clovers, ~ the lespedeza violacer growa ot Rverside; the 7. eapltata at Miller'a; and the varlety Angral- Julia, ut ityde Park. The neat litile Vetch (Viela Caroliniana) ia abundant west and Routh of us; and fts cousin, tha Vy Awmericana, north nnd west of Riverside, I'ho Beneh-Pea (Lathyrun maritimua) sirn cverywhiere over the sands of the lake-shore; it 1 ore uapiving ally, the L. nenosus, clambers 1p the living ladiers of thesurroundingherbnge fn the wooils at. Ifinadale und Riverside; the slendler, yellow-flowered L, achiolencux 8 found at Wignetkn; the L. palustris, which loves wot places, s comimon, and the varlety myril- Jiokiis 8 foumd b Jyde’ Park, ‘The Groundnut Aplas tuberosa), . pretty climber, bearing hrow | st-purple, vioict-scented flowers, uud edible tubers, Is trequent in Jow grounds, blossomiy in Auguat nnd September, ~Two species of the Kidney-Bean, the Phascabia diveretgoliua and th 2 hievolina, abound on the lake-shore, The poor, Jit(le twining plant burdencd by tie hotanist with the cumbersome title of Awmphicorpaa mo- afca, nud brutally namied hy thapeophs tho Hogz- Pennut, I8 o denlzen of “the woods west and south of the cul)'. - "The Wild Indigo (Baptiria_finctoria), notable for its long stalks ot large eylindrieal reed-pods, s n rare pant hereabouts, fut oceurs at * Gi- son's. "The L2 Jewcantha Is common; and the J1, tewcopheea, Muoming in April und May, has its Tiabitat ot Lombard, Hinsdale, and ‘westward, The Partridge-Pen ‘L‘lw[ll Clnmecrista) 18 one of the nost {nterestlngapecies in our flors, It grows abtut afoot higl, and hearsdelicate leaves, divided into frum ten to filteen pairs of leaflets, and racemes of bright-yellow flowers, As soon a8 Its stem {8 broken 3t folds fls leaflets to- gether, as if rotiring sullenly within itsclf; yet it will gently relax fis mood, ind nllow its leaves to unfold aguin, on being treated to water and laced fn tho light. The plant {s as common us t is curious. “Tho last of our list of the Je- guminocae i the Kentuicky Cofleustree, (Gymie. ladux Udumlcnxi«z which {3 found on the banks of the Desplalnes Rtiver, It i cultivated for the beauty of its flowers and follage, and its tim- bor {4 valued for its hardness and durability. gles EXPERIMENTS WITII MANURES, Oncof the intereating features of the Loan Exhibition of Selentifle Apparatus, in London, 1s an immense ease showing the results, as far s possible under the eircumstances, of o eerles of experiments continued for some twenty years for the purpose of demonstrating the relntive valune of varions artiflelal mnnures upon grasa-lands. The tests, at first applled for the benetit of Agriculture, huve since heen pur- sucid fn the interests of Sclence, Tt is Impuesl- ble to summarize in a briof space the important facts that have been elfvited In the progress of. these obscrvatfons, but they may bo suggested by the statement of n single one: Thoaren of Jand selected for the experd- ments was covered with o uniform vegetation, composed of about alxty dlferont specles ol plants, eightecu of which belonged to the fam- 1iy of grasses, 1t was divided [uto plote, aud edch wis treated with o parctlealar” manure, One plot, which was treated annually with 300 pounds of sulphate of potassa, 10 pounds of sulphnte of suda, 100 pounds of sulphate of 'Mili;urfih\, 85 ewte of superphosphate of lime, aued 400 pounds each of sulphate and muriate of ammonfy, per nere, ro- duced an oyeraze crop of 3 ftons of lay per neros and the vegetatlon s now reduced to about a dozen speeies, mnd more than 97 per vent ol it conslsts of grasacs of the conrser varletics, A plot left unmuanured, a8 u stundard of comparison, ylelded but littls over a ton of Jiay per acre, and its vezetation comprised from fifty to sixty different species, aml 67 per cent only of the'entire herbage consisted of grasses. COCCULUS INDICUS IN DEER. ‘The susplelon has prevailed for some time tht the poisonous seeds of a plant belonging to the Moonseed Family,~known,to commerce us Cocculua Zudieusy—whlch are largely hoported into England, aro used in the manufacture of Leer, In order to give tho beverage a bitter and ot the same time a rich flavor, During the last yenr, tho officlals ongaged In the fuspection of the brewerles throughout the United Kingdom liave been diligent in scarching for evidences of the presence oF the drugg in samples of heer or on thu premises of bruwors. 'K‘ha inapection has conclusively shown that the srtlels {s not used fn the manufacturo of Engllah beer, hut that tho greater part of the amotint imported s talien by Germaiy,—the romainder passing futo tho hanils of druggelsts, who sell it either for plnllunlng fish, or for destroying vermin on cat- e TIIE POTATO-DISEASE, A gool deal of controversy has arisen with regard to the genuineness of Mr. Worthington Bmith's ulleged discovery, about a year ago, of tho ouspores of Leroncipora infestons, tho potato-blight. Modt naturallsts who doubted his conclusions concerning the mnature of the Dbodles ho deserlbed wero ugreed that they were the oospores of o species of Ppthlume but Mr, Bmith has now been ablo ta cstabilish his dlscovery bes vond o quostion, Bome of the oosporcs which 1o preserved from last season, being placed In favorable conditions, have germivated, and are naw vigorously growing, The result of this ex- weriment hus heen cominunicated to the Royal Torticultural Socioty ot London, with drawhigs of the young plants n various stages of growth, ¥ sk BRIEI NO'TES. Tiva years agy, tho discovery waa announced that an artiicial vanilla could bu manufactured from the coniferin coutalued in pluc-wood, It 1s now ascertalned that it can bo na readlly and plentifully obtaloed from the creosote of wood- tar from tho beech-tros. Mr. J. J, Montelro, the suthor of tho inter- csting work on * Angola and the Congo River," noticed fu our columns somo lttle timo ago, has gone to Uelagoa Bay, on tho castern const of Africa, to study thy natural Listory of that roglon. During tho recent floods In Paris, 4,550,000 cubic metres of raln fell fu twenty-nlug days. Frow aualysls of swmples it was fuund that u' kilogramincs of mumonia weremingled with this raln; or, in other wonds, enough 10 supply with pitrpgen o forest coverlngz theurea of Paris, There wers niso presert [ the raln €3,000 X ramine of mineral substaw es, amongz which ferc glabulen of fxon of meteorle orlgin 1t §a glated In an exchonge that a sinzie gramn aof wheat, dropped I jurden i Hoveringhaim England, last spring, produced 63 ears and ‘more than 30 grains. This is ono of the larg- st ylelda on record, and Iy Interesting ns sho. ing the possible returns fu o wheat-harvest, fram highculture, The corolla of the Jelliharna (Hellcbore) con- aiats of vight or ten small, tubular petals, which sncrote honey at thelr bave, Studying Into the naturs and oifico of Lhe glauds [n these nectar- fus, an they are called, Dr. Mastera has discover- cd that they chsorh atd dijzest nitrozenous sub-, stunees §n the snme way 84 do Uie leaves of the Veuus ¥iy-Trap and the Sun-Dev. LITERATURE, ANOLING, TIE AMERICAN ANGLE] PLETE Pt EI's MARUAL YORTIL COXTAINING TR OPINIONS AND PRAG £ ns 01 Botim Jndisenmies Iy Joix 8. Buows. 12mo., up 7rC, iNew York: D, Appleton & Co, This mew editlon of o pupular work on Angling har been entarged by the addition of u thitd part, treating of the flsh to be found in South- ern und Western lakes and streams. Asthe book origlnally appeared, its two diviaions dis- cussed respectively the varlous modes of fiehing In fresh and salt waters, As now presented, it s handsomely fllustrated, and conteins full in- struction In all matters pertalning to the gentle craft which Izank Walton and Ns disciples, down to our own day, have so ardently loved. BDOOKS GUIDE TO HONITO! RECEIVED. LACE-MAKING, Com- piled from the Lutestand Best European Authue- Bus- ities, Sixty-Lfour Illustrations, laper. tont 3. Henry By, i PERIODICALS RECEIVED, North Americun Reciew—July, Contents arter for thu Cily of Bostos i % ltalion Fopular Talee, ifouses of the Aound-Builil- wis 1L Morgan;, ** iecent Astronotie icul Progress,™ by Shnon Newcombs ** Alesu- der Hanailton, " Ly deury Cabor Lodgos **tnte cal Noticex, Americun Catholic Quarterly Heriec—luly (Har- dy & Mabony, l‘hllgdclphlm. Contente:” Tha Tialian Uccupition of ihe ity of Htume, bigniticince for the Catholics In Thelr Various Natwnulties,” by he ltov, enry Foruby ++ Cathulic Indlans In Michigan and Wisconsin, by the Very ey, Edward Jacker: ' Oniginof dens," by the Jtev, Walter il 101, &7 d.; * Ramblea fu the liocky Mountaine,” 11, by Gen, dohn Uibbon; ** Divinity of Christ," 10, by the Rt -Hev, P, *Tho Church aud the Inteilectual J. ‘Phebaud, 8, 1, o and Remaiis, by ¥. A, Faley, Lis D.3 *tin Stemorinm—Urestes A. Browhson, " by the Edit- otlcen. Hurper's Magazine for Angust (Ilarper & Broth- cré, New vork), Contenly: +*Wellenley Col- Tege,"! by, Ldward Abbutt; ¢ The Battie of Long Jainnd, " by John W, Chads: **A Sentimenta! Journoy to the Jordan, A Btory," by Albert Rhudes’ **Onn Portraitof the Avthor of *Rab and fiis Friends,' " by James T, Fleids ern Dwellings: ‘Thelr’ Construciion, Decoralion, and Furnitnre (Fourth Paper), by 11, Hudson Tofly; **The Lourel«Sush: An Oid. hiloned Love-Story, " Part 111, by Dlnuh Muloch Craik; “vAshus of Roses. A btory,* by Lizzie W, Srgarth, A Novel,” by dullan lymu to Fréya, A Paem," by ++ Saratowa Springs, " Ly Will- 3 **Ttear-Admiral Wiiflam Branford Bhubrick,” by Susan ¥, Cooper; **A Wonmun- Hater," PartfL i *: Tho Judge's Flirtation, A i " by Sarn L. Burton; ** Danle! Deronda— elations," ' by George Eliut: “izditar's y Chalts" > Editor's Litérary Recordy ‘P Editor's Historieal Rtecord™ **Ed- itor's Druwer." Galury for Aug or; ** llook Chomyney; Tinwtnorsi 0., New York). tinental Con- O eformine i, orld, " by Titus_ Mutron Chapters XXIV. ‘o W X3V, AV William Blucks amd X by P Gnstronomical Diglogne,” by Jobn Popham v of u Mun of Lefters” by 3. Sidilons: **German Spas from # Non-(ambling Polnt of View," hy Lady Bisnche Murphy: **an After-Thought," “by Maurico Thom)so *isenuty nnd the tSeast," by Froncls Fliington Leupp; ‘e Dutch Conquenst of {1ol- Jand, ** by Al nw)" ** Clubs—Club _Lite —fome New Yo e, by An Old New York- er; **To Love, to Forget, and to Die," b" Jnm}nln Millor; ** A Hrand from the Burning,© liy Ju Faweett; ** King Cole and lis a, " Dy ftichurd Grant Whites ** The Story of Creeds mivor, " by Frederick Whitta S Drift-Wood, " by Philip Quilibets fentific Miscelluny: "™ "dfilrmnl Literuturo;™ ** Nebutw,” by “the Editor. Pharmaciat for July (publlshd by authority of the Chicago Collego of Fharningy). Record of The Jear—August insue (by W. Carleton & Co., New York). Appalachia for June (A. Willlams & Co., Boston). American Law Reglster forduly (D, B. Cantield & Co., Phllodelphis). Lintetl's Living Age—Current numbers (Littell & Gay, Boston). LITERARY NOTES. A new poem by Swinburne s announced for publication tn the Loudon Atheneum. The eale of David A, Wells' financial story, “Robinson Cruso's Money,” has, It is suid, ex- ceeded that of any novel this scoson. A work on Charlemagne by M. A, Vetault, with an (ntroduction by M. Leon Gautier, is in press at Tours, and will be published fn Scp- tember. Ie Tempn, Tarle, announces the publication hortly of o review of M. Renun's ¢ Dialoznes Philosophiques,” by tho late Madume Georgy Sand, - The art of couking hins started its magazine in New York. It {8 entitled Awmerlcan Cookery, is edlted by Laurn E, Lymun, aud published at No, 171 Duae street, Modame Michelet has fnst published a pom- phiot on the denth and funeral of her husband, ron e polit of viow of the {llustrious writer's religious bellet und of thut of homnge to the d Tho London Publishers’ Cireular eays of “Dantel” Derandn” that literature I8 under- olug o chunge, and a pre-Richurdsonisn era By, when tho novellsts will clironicle the sins of nen and women with o Bibllal plalincss. Gov. Ingersall, of Connectfcut, lins ordered Charles J. 1iondley, the State Librarian, to com- pile andt publish tiie hixtorieal ‘remintscences of tha towns of Conuecticut which were given by 1oeal historlans on the Fourth of July. The press in Turkey, ot the beginning of 1870, comprised BeTEnLY-Lvo newspapers, of which twenty were n Frénel, sixteen in Turkish, thir- teen fi Artnentan, twelve fu Greek, four in Bul- arlan, two in cbrew-Spantsli, and one each in Persiun, Arable, Itulian, German, and English, Truehner & Co., of London, are preparing for publication_“8imon de Montfort, Earl o Lel- cester, the Creator of the House of Commons,' by Refnhiold Paull. This work, translated by i M. Goodwin, will havean Introduction I’i Miss Harrict Martineau, doubticss her Just 1ii crary work, ‘Tho publleations of the Cobden Club In En- gland this year have Dicluded u new, edition of the well-known *Essays on Land Tenure,” u fract by David A. Wells on “Money," aid a “1liatory of Froe Trade in Tuseauy," by James Montgoiery Stuart. Two unpublished munuscripts by Bossuet have recently been discovered by B young s vant named Menard, They are In smull quarto, bound In parchinent, and form together ubout 500 puges, ono dated 1084, the other 1688, The first cantalns eritical notes on Juveual; the suc- ond relates to Perslu. Tho Athenaum says: * Prof. Whitney, the Tearned Amerlcan Banskritlst, s reported to have nearly completed a treatise on ryan Af- finities, a work likely to crcate o sensation among Orlentol scholars. 1t s sald he ntends to proceed Lo India soon and tale up his abode thery for several yoars to contiuus his rescarch- es, Wao hope for'the sako of philology thisls & true report.” A curlous volune, containing the biograph and autoblof rnP\ny of_Elzabeth Evans, the of- eged arlgfiu of Dinah Morris in*‘Adamn Bede," has been published in London, under the title of *George Ellot in Derbyshire.” ‘Tho volume, which has the names ot (fuy Ros- 1yn and Janies Barnctt mith on the title page, contains a lettor from George Eliot, coucerning Tier cliaracters in “Adam Bede." Georgo 8and had a habit of kee?ln all the letters ahe recelyed durlug the forty-five years of her literary life, and” sho haaleft, it L reported, ten large voluincs of wrunrnnflunw with people of note, male und female, Including her varlous lovers, Alfred de Musset, Choplo, and others, which, if published (as they doubt- Tess will “be), wiil afford gratifivation” to the French tasto for such lterature, + Tondan s honoring hor literary snd art celeb- ritfes, Tablots have beon set up within a month or twa on houses formerly occupied by Bumuel dJohnson, No. 17 Qough Square; “Edmund Burke, No. 87 Gerard “strect, Solio; Grorge Cauning, No. 87 Condult stregt; Michacl Fats- doy, Nu. 9 Dlandford strcot, Portman Bquure; David Garrlek, No. 5 Adelphi Torrace; Horatlo th.-lmu No. 147 New HBond nnwt'LMn. 8ld- Jons, No, 27 Upper Baker strect. The follow- fng 14 o list of srs;lm previously erected: John | L, Ca A Kilg strest. i A]-{MI rehiia i1 the nameof a new tonrnal which the *L Anpalaettan MounLain Ciut," a ghand Alpine Club, have started, I belng thele aim not only to punlish this innzazine for the Tovers of nountaius, hut ot tiue e earpy on e systematle exploration of 4l hills, promote the openfug of new pa clenfing of aummits, and other forms of efletent betxeen notnre and Jannanit Willtams & Cou of Boston, arethe pmblis] Trof, Zanzemeinter, of Heidellers, and Praf, Watten* ach, of Berlib, are prepasine a scries of £ riy-nine fasimite sprelmensof earlyLat mimase uscriptr, fncluding dassic uuthors, Laws, and seriptures, Each spechnen comdsts of an i tire pave, accomypanied by a degeription (n Latin of tl‘m manureript from which it fa taken, par- tieularly In reference to the date of ita execu- o, niid the data upon which the learned Froe fossors buso thelr opinion as Lo Its e, Serilmer's Monthly for Aumust, which Is to he prezented as 4 The Midemmer Holiday Num- ber,! after a fashion swnong English magezines, will have an extraordinars acray of contribntors, among whom will be Willlam Cullen Brysat, It. 11, Stoddurd, Bret Harte, John Burroighs, T, B, Aldrlch, ' T iCourgrenedl, the Rusenn novelint, atd Tlenry James, Jr. William Cutlen Reyant's contrihutlon s o poem cutitled “ The Flond of Years,” It {5 sald to heuslong na W 'Thanatopels,” oud o counterpart to that poem. Bayard Taylor's rerics of papers, containing convirsntionnl eritlcisme, with parodics of ull the leading English and Ameriean pocte; pube Yished anchyiiously four veats aga tn the At- lantic Me umler the of “* Diversions of the el Cluby** and afterwards republished at London by J. C, [otten & Co,y are now to nppear for the first tie nt home Dy o book with the authior’s nume. Mr. Taylor ha red nud extended the orliinal chapters, besldes writing an explanatory preface, aud damcs R, Osgood & Co. will lssite them tn a voluine of the “Little Classic? style, entitled "The Echo Cluby aud Other Literary Diverslons.” The *Numlsmata Orlentalla,”! according to the London Athenzum, is making progress. Mr. Rhys David® Eesay on Ceslon Cuins fs in'the [réen il nearly comploted, Mr. Rors! papee n alao with the %dmurn. 8ir Walter_Elliot is well advanced fn his contribution, and M. Sau- Vaire's artiele has tong heen_rendy, i Mir, Rog- ers’ careful translation. The fll st of sub) undertaken ds: “ Phaalclan. Coltinges,” 1 Entinz; % Colnages of the Jews Mr. Maddins “Parthian Coins,? Mr., Perey Gardner; “fiyetrian and Indo-S.ythle Cofus)? Gen, Al Cunninghams * Cotns of South Indla," Sir Wal- ter Elliot; “ Cofns of Cevlon, Mr. iiys Davids; “Coins of Arakan nnd Pegu, Sir Arthius Phayre “Colns af Eurly Arabico-Byzvtine Adapt- ations,” M. F., De'Sanleys “Coing of the Kha- lifs of Spuin, ete..” Don P, De Gayango “Coins of the Fatimiites of Ezypt” M. i1, Sa vafres # Coins of the Talun Dyuasty of Exypt Mr. E. T. Rogera; * Colus of the Ikhshida,™ Mr. fteginald Stuart Poole; *#Coltin of the Scljnke, Ortutrites, and Atabegs,” Mr. Stanley L. Poole} “Cains of the Sazsunlana of Persia Mr, B Tliamas: “Cofns of the Bengal Sultans" Dr, H. Blochmann; * Colus of the Russo-Tartar Dynastics,” Prot. Gregorlef. ALL SH]I’ETHROUGH DANGgF.H PASS. No ship haw s Her nnehior el And farth npon th an sped, Tnt has through danzer, first or last, And rent and carreil, o sately pussed, From rock, r wove, of angry stori o'crisead, And they are rcamen but in name, Deservine ey repronch il slniie Who, when the Unnerved, irresolute, are fon Spread wild aluring af each ktrance round, — longer men, Lt elaves 10 brutlsh fear, lreatening dunger-sizns appear, But oh! than these more hare ore we, 18, when npon n troubled sea, And tempest-rocked, shull rail onr Ship of State, Nor apringh id, Instend Distrust, forebiodings datk, we spread, Or sit unmoved, regurdless of her fate. Nol fn her cause let s he wtronz; Ter chartx Tot e ik Sure to Hx siar, her comizne= g Look well to yard, and hog Aside nll worthiess cord % Tepluce each weak or uou 1 with new! Ter {I“flflkfl nre sounl, her ribeare firm, 1ler keel untonched oy rot or worm s Oh! ahe can bear sun grandly down Time's sea, 1t munned by fenrles: ul and true, Who justice, hanor, kuep in view,— Her priceless (refght, o Nutfon's liberty, The grarping band, tho vile in h Muet have i hier Wgh charze ro Tatrigue wnst fall, the perfured tons “Auil when dark elonda her akles o ercast, ‘Av oft, O Patriofs of the pust, o tire your sons with fuith and conrage, come! Monaas BARE, i f wWronzs il points trues 0 mnat; —— T Tnslde & Fighting Tureet-Ship, 1 once hieard an old saflor who fought fna monltor deseribe the sound of the shuts beating agalnst the vessel's plates, You know what it is'to be fn o lonyg railway tunnel,—how futense- ly durk itls, fardurker thun s starless nleht, and liow yellow and feeble the lizhts ook, Well, it fsmuch the same i the bowels of o turret-ship, when ull the hatehways are closed, Oll-dampn swing {rom the beams, but. they give o lustre, and aeh flune seeras ke a lttie bit of yellow flouting fu the air. The men grope about and knoek neadnst cach other, some bear- fugz smmunltion to- the clevator connecting with 1hi6 turrets, others earrying coal from the bunk- ers to the furnaces underneath the bollers. The engines zroan and rat(le, and st times tie cap- talies hell rings o sharp order to. shicken or - crease the speed. Meanwhile, if there has been nlull in the fir fug, the meh move ahout fecling very Uke timid boy who s alone in u country lane ofter durk—not that they afrald, The Loy looks at every shadow, thi e there fs u rabber or Kiduupper behind it The men anxfously uwalt each moment, not knowlug what deedly surprise 1t muy bring forth. And us the battie goes on, It fs not long bes fare there §s o ringing sound that Is- colculated to Il the bravest und strongest of nerve with a momentary terror. 1t {s as though the inner teekt wnd wills were falllug i upon them, und for a little while they are unable to realize what has happened—uncertain that they are not on thelr way to the bottom, Every ‘earia stung with the awful sound, and every nerve thrllled. “The great mass of fron secms to tumble over on one side und mean with pain before the ves- sel rights hersell smuwin and steadies her- gelf again for fresh cxertions. Then she ro- furns the compliments paid her with u vengeance, awd her bull dogs In the tur- rets bark and spit fire at the encmy untl we ity that unfortuuate, und wish she would retire }rum tho fleld, ‘The turrets are ranged along the dec hey are about 10 fect In dlameter, 15 fect high, anil each onoe {s fastened to o massive upright' pillar of fron passing through the centro und working {u n socketon the lower deek, The pillar is con- nected by a serles of cog-wheels with a stcam engine, which causes it 10 turn the turret In the dlrcetion the captaln requires. % Twa small port holes are cent it the plates of the turret, and furnished with solkd fron doors. When the funs are to o fired, they are worked on sildes to the port holes, which remind us of the mouth of & dog's kennél, and their uoscs pointed at the encry. A second fter they have uttered thelr burk, they are draggzed in, and the doors closed, Just In tiie, perhaps, to avald two return shots which erack like thunderon the plates outslde. While the guns are_ heing lond- ] again, the men aro hastoned by the whistlo ana orash of the shot and shell, which strike the fron wallsof the turret. Above onc of the turrets there {s o littlo fron- clud pllot-house, whence the co) ptain dircets the nlovements of his vessul. 1t hos no window, and the anly outlook i through elits, about au fnch wide, in the {llnu:a. The intrepld man, whose position {s the most dangerous of all, stands lll‘;em throughiout the thick of the fight, controlling the rudder, the engines, and tho tur- E,_lfi by a motion of the haud or the tukle of 8 You may remember what I told you In a pre- vlous artltle—I um beginulng to louk upon you as 0ld friends, by the way—about Admiral Wor- den, the hero of tha Moultor, 1w was watching tho Merrimack from thoslita in his lttle looks outbox, when ashell struck the outside and knocked him senscless, Al captaln of turrets ships are exposed to such dnn({uu as this, und even greater ones; fndeed, 88 1 bave sald, thelr ositions aro the most perllous,— ¥, 2L iwlllny s 8t Nicholas for July: Custer's Luok, Letter 4o New York Heratd, Au offieer iuforms your corrcspondent that, when Custer cante in tfl;" of the 1,800 lodges, & Jilago of v ward of 7,000 Indlans, lis ewung bis at and sald # Hurrali} Custer's luck! The hificesl. Indian villago on the*American continent! Halting hera only fur_collce, he pushed for- ward at a rapld guit} took five l‘ulll})uuil:l fur his scrsonul conmmand ;| gave Reno thres sud left our In reservo under Benteon und salled i Dr. Porter belioves the result would have been ‘the same_Lad Custer charged with s full regi- ment, only the mwassacro would baye been more tersible. ~ became af the bonds, o what, in law, sure of tho clat under which they psed of, Yir. Zitdews absence, qzunllbll‘l{ of manly any statement with reg t them, 1 1 virg the Purchasing Comanitles clatmed that the bonds {ef¢ oter after the reorganization belonged o them eratim from the report of this Conmiltee, are Certalnly damughigto Bir, Tilden uud Lis P chasiug” Conunlitee; but they do uot embrace sll kllm elnr?u which tha Committee had to mnake. story of o violation of thy cDartes, whicki it 1s ILDENS RECORD. The Bomb %hat the Republicans Hold in Reserve. Startling Revelations éonccrniug Another Koad. Astounding Discoverles by a Stockholders' Committee, Corporntion Connsel Whitney's Aston- ishing Revelations. {The following article appeared in the New York Erpres, leading Demouratic organ, June 24, 1576, with the hieading us given pbove:] ‘The revelations already published in these colutuns retcarding tiov. Tllden'’s operations s a ralirond lnwyer, do not, by any incans, com- pretiend all thit s char: t him, and Js nte e Democratic party, should lie e its nominee for the_ Presi- dency, during the coming campaign. For tlic sccoit chapter which the party will be called upon to defend the encmy lias selected the con- struction nud lease of the Belleville & Southern Minofs Raltrond, the particulars of which de- mand just a3 much ventilation and explauation as any of the othier railroad operations in which Gov. Tillen has been engaged. It will not he out of place, however, previous to laglug the facts in this case before the reader, to vroduce rome additlonal evidenee, in support of the allegationn already set forth, in the case of the BT, LOULS, ALTON &TERIE HAUTE ROAD, On Mni- 27,167, the stockholders of the 8t. Louls, Alton & Terre Iluute Raflroad appofnted a committee to go te St. Louls to attend the annue! meeting, and Lo ascertain the condition of the Company, und procure such other {n- formation as might be for the Interest of the stockholders. This Committee took with (hem, 2s thelr cotirel, o rising member of the legal Professton, Mr. William C. Whitney, now Cor- woratlon Counsel of the City of New Yorls, This ‘omimittee clafmed to have eust I the election for Directors o majority of the votes legally ’mlltd; but some’ of Mr. Tildew's associales in he Commany woted “on prozies in svme cases cight years old, and in onc instance attempted to role on the {muy l}r a dead_bondholder, "The In- spectors of Election deelded sgaiust the con- 1esting stockholders, und the old Board re- clected thelr favoriles. On this, Mr. Whitney nsked to be heard hefore the Board, and, being granted a huurlu;f. made o eeathing speecli The Committee flually returned to New York und_made n report to the stockholders, dralted by Mr, Whituey. The ofticlal copy of this doea- ment bears tlie slgnotures of Lie Committee, with that of W. C. Whitney, counsel to the Committee. From this report we take the fol- Jowing extracts, which tell thelr own story: ILLEGAL IBSUE OF IONDS. The next miatter to_ which the attention of the Thonrd was calied wan the quertion whether thera hus not been an flegal Ivsue of a portion of the londed indebtednesn of this Campany, o matier which 18 connected with the relationa between the corporation aud the old Purchuxing Committee un- der the rearganzation n 1601 sl 1862, In thut connvetion we called thelr “uttentivn to the follow= ing undisputed facts: “First—The rond was reorganized in 1861and S62, I aceordance with certain faws whicli per- mi the creditors and stockholders of o rail- roud corporation to enter futo unagreement for reorgunization or capitalization, providing for the purchase of the property by Trusteca for them, and the forming of it bew corpara- tion i which the old stockd und the old debts should be represented by new stock and new bonded Indebtedness, which new stock and uew bonded Indebteduess should e distributed ac- cording to the terms of the sgreement for reor- sanfzation by the Trustese. L ¢., the Purchasing Committee, The mrreement was inade, the road was purchased under the agrecicnt, and new sceurltics were distributed. “ §econd—The laws provided that within six months after the url;flnlzallun of the new Come pany, ull cladms whith, under the laws of the agreement, were to be satistied by the mortguze londs of the new Cotpany, musi:be put In, aud at that thne—numely, B the’ expiration of the six months—f such ¢laitng were not proper- iy made upon the new Company,—if the old honds and coupons were not surrendered at thut time,—they ceased to beclaims thereqfier upon the property. “In June, 1862, the certificate of incorpora- tion of the new Company was tiled, und It that month the property passed into the posscssiun of the new corporation, ot of the Lands of Mr. Azariali C. Fluggs, the Trustee who had been in wossession of e property for u considerable ime, by virtue of ‘the provisons of some pre- rigages whicn were talien up by the nization. hird—Some time 1o the than sIx months after the o new Company, Mr, Flage made and printed s report, shiowing fan detail the distributlon of the securities of the new corporation, and, after in- cluding everything that wus a claln to_be satl fied by mortirage honds of the new Compun and il the expenses of the reorganization, fn- cluding 59,000 to Mr. Bayard, as Chalrmauof the Purchasing Committed, wiml 23,50 to Mr. Churles Butler, cach for three years' services, and S3,000 (o Ur. Samue J, Tilden, ax counsel and D'rustee, thuse puyments belog 1o cash, be states us folluws: It §s scen by the preceding satemente that the trust mostgages nader which the et and second honds ure frrued, authorized the creation of ne debt cquol 1o £284,7135.70 beyond the banle fur- niticd by the oid bulds, coupons, and xo forth, vy alrendy set forth “That s to eay, in lssulng the new recarities they had very prudently mliowed for o marein oyerand above what would be properly required, which marglu, atter the necounts were ull niule upy, seems to have been this sum of $254,718.50." In point of fact, everything which, by the terms of the agreement of reurganlzatlon, Was conatis tuted n clubm upon the new bonds reums (0 bo covered fu this sccount, §u point of law, It wus nut within the power uf the Purchnsing Committes to create new dabilities for which hese bonds shiould become respousibile, nosmuch ay the time allowed by law for the predentation of claims on these bonds bad expired. at this thne, when, in point of fuct, eversthin s 10 have been fi, and when, in pofnt of Jaw, 1o new claline could be created upon the new bonds, when the Purchaaing Committee hud been compensuted for their ser= vices, the Gnal settlemont bad heen made with the counsel and the printed pamphlet was put out, containing the whola history uf the reorganizution and the full statement in d tall Of the accounts of the Purch ce, this surplus of bonds fs a the' buuda of tho Purchasing Committee, Londe, it n apparent, should it that time hate been canceled or placcd in posserrion o)’ the new corpo- ration for el use, wincs the it of the power of the Purchasing Coumiiteo to disburse thein was contained in th reortunieing of which they existed s Uriatees, nnd every do- mand npon the bonds which contd arles from the neorganlzlog ugreement had” been uctually dis- charged. ‘Ylw only subseqnent mention of this surplus of buads appears in Hho snual statoment mady by the Executive Committes to_the stockholders of the Company, dated March, 1864, in which the fol- towlig mention of thew ls made: “In the final adjustrent with the Purchasin Conittes, of all the outstanding Habilities uf the old Cum’mny. which, by the terms of the bondholders’ agreement ™ for o reorgane fzattun were Lo be palds fu first und second mortgago bonds, it i proballe that alout $130,00007' the firat morlgue, $33,000 of the second prejerred, and $33,000 of the fucame burds, MAY NOT BE BEQUIKED AND MAY BE ULTIMATELY CANCELEDI" ‘F'wa of the three mombors of the Exocutivo Com- mitice were aleo mambers of the Pyrclasing Coni- mittoe. ‘The only sthier fact we have been sble to ascertaln with regard Lo them is, that by exsminfug the coupon account of the Company eontalied 1 thounnual statument us vrly me 1806, they appear 10 have been add tssued and (o Le oulstandlny Ga g Hlability upon the Company, without any apjiarent wxplauation sppearing in thiv published statomenty ¢ accounts uf the Company. Those fucts Wo called the attention of the lourd of ‘Dircctars o, tho Prevident bolng In tho chate, and requested an explanation of theso facts which mizht bo within their kriowledge, and particularly from tho Pruyl- dunt, who was familior with the detuils of the re. urgablzstlon, Tho suswer which wus rocelved b un from tho hands of the Presidont’ waa that tifs coryoration Aud nothing, o do with that surplus of borids, and the Conmlitee were referred to Jr. Samuél J, Tilden for s detalled explauation of the whole matter, On returning to the city, we learned that Mr, ar 1983, more nlzation of the Tilden bad safled for Eutope: and wo therefore catled npon Mr. Butler forauch oxplanation ax by duairod to make, olibor as to what, in fact, had , was the ua. had boen dis of dlsteibuted? e informed us that, Ae declined to take the o stated that 1t might bo sssumed prrsonally; but e would make no stateinvnt as 1o Wwhat d! sition was actusily made of thew in this case, 'UE CLAIM TUAT THE SUNFLUS BONDS BE- LONGED 70 THE PUBCHABING COXMITTER 18 CON¥ID- KIED BY US KO AUSURD, IN VIEW OF TUK PACTS, A8 T0 BEQUINE KO COMMENTI TUB CUAKTRR VIOLATED, ‘The facts above recited, tuken yerbatim et lt- ur- Furtlicr on in thelr report they tell the ieat to give In thet liat ko elve n r own worls, aod which runs, TQUIPYNERT ROXDS, Tho 1ast matter to which sve called the attention ot the onri was with reference to the 800,000 10 s cent eanlpment morigage bonds Insued b 130 and #old by th Dircctors In tht yeat ag P A referunce to the charter of tho Company shawa fhat thls rena in divect vlolation of ite specific pro- ~ioi:s witl regard to the isnsoof tho m Londs. ‘The charter provides: e And the mid corporation mry make 1R of Rt hes AenmIRHon, Dyan £108 Shehe Tap e AL B Lol atnally atuch plach or places Ty e gsend . nx 8 sy fcein Sxpedients and May RYPothGcat o sell such 1aads within or withont this Siate, when Heh it Ui GnILOES ol AeAGr Donae 1o e pomea shall be sold or exchanged Ilfp\lflf. e paeTa e il That In ta sy, ail tho bonds which the Company could fasne under its charter must be 7 per cent lionds, or must he sold nt par, one or the ather, Theee equiptacnt bonds, bearing interest nt 10 per cent, eonld not be rold under the charter, theee- fors, nt Jemn than par, It would scem, therefore, tohe the duty of the Directors of the Compan: why D fssied thera bands in violation of the clirter, eltler to ree to it that they wera redaced toa 7 per cent hond or that the difference ) n‘| nmsl‘m with interest at 30 percent perfi:fif; whnee 14, . shonld be returned to the treasury of the Company. Thls claint, amonnting at '.Ix(lrl{m: 1o about 213,000, peemed n proper clnin for the stockholdors to make upon the Dircctors of the Company, inasmuch aa the atackholders were not 7;:;“[’1’!““’/ "’llllhrr/{rem‘;Aln Ihf iraue of that dond, rectora hacing themscizes aasum 2 posloitiry o it, 7 s wabted (Dere THE RIGHTS OF THK PREFERRED STOCKROLUTRE VIOLATED, Furtheron In the report of the Committer are to be found the followlrg grave charges of g, violntion of the rights of the preferred’ stocke holders: Tn that connection we called the aftention of Bonrd to the Imj.ropricty and lilegality of Wll‘lz!:. they were gnllly, n fecognizing the coripons npon these bonda as a len upon the carnings of the Com- wnny, prior (o the dividend npon the preferred rlock. Since 1850, when these bonda were jesued, he conpons have been regularly pald; but no cash dividends have heen pald apon the lllderlfl\llnck, which 1 in _direet violation of the contract contuined in _the second mortgags of thin Company, shich seeurcd the. pc uritfes of the sccond mortcage bonds and of the preferred stack. ‘Tlio provision fn the mort- gage §a In these worda: ¢*Nor shall any deed of trnst or morigaze creating a Jien npon the proporty tereinbefore dercribed, In priority to the rights of “the holder of the !nl!ll‘wcl’clmd capltal stock, ever be made by the sald St. Louix, Alton & Terro liante Haflroad Company, unlers a majority in the Interent of the holders of the kaid preferred capital stock shall have expressly consented thereto by vote at n meeting of £nclh holders, called a3 aforo- sald upon notice o aforeaalil, ™ This meeting has never heen beld, and the con- srentof the pruferred atackholder to the lsue of his mortpace has never heen given, Tomnke (tad- ditionally secure thut the preferred stock shonld al- wayr havea lien npon the net carnings next after tho scconid mortgase bands, it was embadicd in the pre- ferred stock certificate In theac words: **Thisstock in entitled to dividemis at the rate of 7 per cent pex annum, payable aunually on the 1st day of May of ©ach yeur, out of the net carnings of thia Company for cach year ending on the 31rt day of Ticcembes previcus'to such Ist day of May, after eatisfying the intereat on its bouda” and contributions to ite i Yeiation ot th ut, in violation o s contract with the pre- fesred stockholder, embodied in his cerflflul‘: of stuck, ond of the provisiuns af the second morte gage, which determlned the prioritios of tho va ous secnritics of the Company rubsequent to t! first mortgage, the Dircciors of this Company have frened this cquipment bond, and thoy are recogniz- fng the conpons as having o priority over the pre- ferred etock as o len upon thu net caraings of the Company. A COSTLT PINANCIAL OPERATION FOR THE COM- PARY. ‘This report gives' the following account of rome financlal operations which cost the Come pany conlderable {n the shape of a large ditfer- enve In interest s We aieo learncd from the sccounts of the Com- pany certaln facta In regard to the issae of thesq equipment_bonds, which mny be of Interest, if they are niot of importance, ta the atockholders of the Compiny, From an account recently stated ta y Mr. Ruexel) Bage, it appears that Detwbeen the 20th of June nnd the'10th of Deceur- her, 1870, the Prealdent of the Company, Mr. Bat- ler, pald over to him 827 H, the procecds, a8 we upposc, of the $100, quipment bonds. On the 2Kth of December, 1870, as appears by Mr, Sage's account, thin money had all leen pald ont for equipment, ‘except tha sum of $19,000, which Led been repaid to Mr, Butler, the Presidentof tha Company, aud the balance of $47,201.55, which remuinei in Mr. Sagze's lianda, The whole of this last balavee remained [n Mr. Sage's hunda a year, aml same portions of It for more than two years, the average being o year and four montha: 6o that this sum of monvy (847,201, 55) remained in Mr., Sage's hande a yearand a third, upon which he allowed fnterest at 4 per cent, while the Company was paging 11 percont for’ it §n the shape of coupons upon the equipment bouds, e LOVE'S REIGN. Noman of ‘‘noblo " blood s bleseed With heart like mine, Or hath into his roul [mpiressed Sweet love divine, For Lords and Princes meekly bend Ta toyal mway, And Y of Love's awcet pow's they send On plebeiun way$ Whilst my heart's loyaity Ia bonnd With tend'rest tles, And Queen of mine is only found Where Cupid files. Cuicaan, July, 1876, J. W, Tho Hoy, the Beotlo, and tho Dog. Fyom Jark Tiealw's ** Tam Sawyer.” The minfster gave out this text and droned nlang monvtonously through an argument whicl was 80 prosy that many a ficad by and by began to_nod—ant yet it was an argument that dealt in limitlces tife and brimstone, snd thinned the predestined elect down to n company so smull 15 0 be hardly worth thesaving, Tom counted the pages of the sermon after church he alwaye Lknew how many pages there had been, but he seldom knew anything else abont. the discourse. 1lowever, this time hic vwas really interested for alittlo while. The infnlster made a grand aud moving pleture of the nssembling together of tho world's hosts at the Milleunium, when the Tion nnd the Jamb should e down together and a little chlld should Jead them. DBut the pathos, the Ieason, the moral of the great spectacle wers lost upen the boy: hu only ti t of the cone nrlcuuunnosn of "the principal character before the on-looking nutions; his face 1t up with the thought, ant he sald to himself that he wished he could be that child, If it was » tame lon., Now he lapsed into sufferiuz agnin os the dry argument wag reaumed. Presently he be- thought himselt of o trensure he had, and got. it ont. CTt was o large black beetlo with formidae ble jaws—n 4 pinch-bug? he called It 1t was in u percusslon-cup box. The tirst thing tho heetle dil was to take him by the finger. A nuturol Hlip followed, the beetlo went foumnder- {ngz into the aisle, and lit on ta back, aud tha burt flnger went Into the boy's mouth. The “heotle Jay there working §ts helpless lege. unable 10 turn over, Tom eyed it, und longed for it, but it was safo out of his reach. Other peaple, unintereated {n the sermon, found relief I the beetle, unll they eyed it too. Presently 8 vagauit poodic dog came fdling along, sad at heart, lazy with the summer soft- ness and the qulet, \\'unr{o( captivity, sighing Tor chauge. Ho spicd the beetle; the druoping tall tted and wagged, 1Io surveyed the prizes walkedl around 113 smelt of it from a safe dis« tance; walked oround it agalns grew bolder, and took u closer smell; then Jifted his lip, un made o glngerly suuteh at it, just missing it3 mude another and another; began to enjoy the diversfon; subsided to his stomach with the beetlo hetween his paws, and continued his ex- periments: F":w weary at lust, and then ins lifferent awl ubsent-minded. ~ Iils head nodded, and Tittle by Htle his chin descended and tuuch- ed the enciny, wha selzed ¢, ‘There wasa sharp velp, a flrt of the poodiv’s hiead, and the beetls ell n couple of yards away, and lit on its back once miore, ‘T nelghboring spectators shook witha ‘ucnllc inward joy, faces went be- hind faus und handkerchiefs, ond Tom wos entirely hoppy. The dlug looked foollsh, and, robably felt” so; but there was resentment in s heart, too, and a cravig for 1evenge. Bo L went to the beetle and begun a wary attack on it aguing um,xlug at it from every polut of & uf'rulu. ighting”with his fore paws within o fnch of the ereaturc, muking eyen closes snatchs ea at 1t with his teeth, and ferking his head till s cars flapped again. But ho grew tired once - more, after a_whilej tried to amuse himselt with & tly, but found 1o retlef; followed an unt around, with his nosv close to the floor, atd (Hulckly wearfed of that; yawned, sighed, forgot e veetlo entirely, and sat down on ftf Then there was a wild yolp of ugony, and the poodle went sulllng up tho alste; the yelps contfnucd, and #0 (I0 the dog; he crossed ‘the houae fu front of the altar; fis How down tho other alslc; o crossed before' the doors; he clamoured up the homvstretch; his angulsh grew with his progress, till presently ho was a woolly comet, imoving fu its orbit with tho gleam aud th spee of Nght, At last the frautle suflerer sheercd from lta course and spranginto its maste I:pi ho flung it out of the window, aud the voles al distrss quickly thinned awsy and died in the dlstunce. . o o TomBawyerwent homo quite cheerful, thinking to himsulf that there wus some satisfaction about divins servico whon thers was a bit of varlety n it. 1o had but uus marring thought; ke was wlllhxgblhuz the du(i shiould pluy with his pincl-bug, but ho did ne| thiuk it was upright to carry it off. e ———— A biography of tho late Gen. George A, Cus- ter, embracing the war memolrs wrltten by hiw- sull, aod pubflshed in the Galazy, &8 anuounved for 'carly publication by Sheldon & Co. Tha ubllslicrs of the Galary, it 1s ats! rocelvid lio last of Gen, Custer's anticlos—writien aud seat durlug his last march—-attes bis