Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 27, 1876, Page 4

‘TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, arte of rato, ‘WERELY EDITION, POETTAID. ne oF yoRr, ORR ET Hobs per cons: Olud of twenty, per oo} he postage ts AG centea year, Bpecimen copies sent free, ‘To prevent delay and mistakes, bo snro nnd iva Port Office addents in full, Including State and County. Remittances may be mado either by dralt, express, Fost-Ofice order, or in registered lotters, at our risk. TERMS To CITY KUBACHINERS. Daily, detivered, Sunday excepted, 25 conte per Pally, delivered, Bunday included, BU conte per Address ‘THK TRIBUNE COMPAN Gerner Madison and Doarhornata.. Oblesgo UL, AMUSEMENTS. WOOD'S MUSEUM—Monroe sirect, between Dears horn and State, Afternoon, “The Serlous Namily,"’ Evening, " The Munchback.” ‘which wo will prepay. THEATNE—Tandolph street, betweon Cn LE Tewalin he California Minstrels, McVICKER'S THRATRE—Madison street, between Dearborn ‘and Btate, Engagement of John ‘Owens, “ Our Boys.” ae ea Eee aageaent of the ait jontoe. Engagemt Bithews Burlesque ‘Troupe. nv Fille Mad, Angot.” ADELPHI THEATRE—Dearborn astroot, corner Monroe,“ Tho Flying Scud. FARWELL HALL—Madieon street, Detwean Oferk and LaSalle, Loctnre by Prof, R. A. Proctor. ject : * Other Suns than Ours,”* Abe Chingo Tribune, Monday Morning, March 27, 1876. At the Now York Stock Exchango on Sat- urday greenbacks closed stendy at 873. Acorrected callfor the Republican City Convention, giving the apportionment of dclogates from the various wards, ia published his morning. Increasing cloudiness and slightly colder atmosphore, to be followed in the night by bad weather generally, is the meteorological pro- scription regarding this region for the next twenty hours. The scheme of reform announced as tho programme of the now Italian Ministry in- eludes the extension of the right of suffrage to municipal elections, the abolition of o forced paper currency, and a system of com- pulsory education. Mansn has boon pumped dry, and the an- nouncement is made that tho Judiciary Com- mitteo may expect no moro evidence to aid in Gon, Betxnar's impeachment. The only Instance proved of money paid and rocoived corruptly is that of the Fort Sill post-trader- ship, and it is probable that no other counts will bo included in the impeachment artioles, These will probably bo presonted this week, _—_——_—_——— The Republican majority in the French Assembly is not in the “ clement and amnes- tical " mood that was anticipated with somo confidence as tho result of tho recent eleo- tions, Thero is general fooling that tho question of amnesty had better bo loft to the discretion of the Government, and the Oham- ber will probably refuse to intorfero in the matter. So much for tho hog story. It was acarce- ly worth looking into, but Secretary Bnzs- row’s friends in Kentucky tool tho trouble to hunt the matter up, with the result of ascer- taining that no person of tho name of Issac O. Rexves figures in tho United States Dis. trict Court records, but that one Jom Revs was arrested on tho charge of illicit distilling and taken to Covington, but no in. dictment was found against him. Dom Prpro IL. embarked one day too soon to bo present at the anniversary of the event of his taking the oath of fealty to tho National Constitution of BroziL ‘This anni- versnry was celebrated yostordsy in Rio Joneiro with great ardorand onthusiasm by the Brazilians, tho Emperor meanwhile being well on his way to tho United States. The steamer bearing the Royal party is due in Now York on the 20th of April It has takon tho ontiro clerical force in the nflice of the Comptroller of the Currency two months to comply with tho requiroments of Mr, Buoxnen’s rosolution calling for n list of tho names of all the stockholders in the 2,000 National Banks in tho United States, Tho toal objoct was to obtain the names of Con- gressmon owning bank stock, and those could have beon furnished in a comparatively short time with o largo saving of trouble and ex- pense, A fit punishmont for BuckNen’s stu. pidity would be to compel him to devote the remainderof thesesaion torummaging through the bulky list and sorting out tho desired wames, Democratic candidates for the Presidency that sre availablo and desirable are gotting exceedingly scarce of late, the nowspaper ex- posure of bad spots in the records of tho va- vious aspirants having greatly thinned the ranks, In this extremity Judge Davis comes into prominence as a candidate, concerning whom no scandalous stories are currant, and cortain anxious party-loaders, alarmed at tho prospect of a heavy falling off in the supply of Presidential timber, have about made up their minds that tho most they can hope for da to bring forward a man of whom nothing poultively disgraceful can bo alloged. Judge Davis is that cort of aman, to be suro,— which is no alight distinction as Democratio candidates average nowadays, Senator Conximo's friends are growing daily less jubilant over his prospocta, and More apprehensive of the damaging offeot of the strong opposition developed in the Byra- euse Convention, They havo looked to Ponnsylvania to give them new strongth, but this, too, has become a matter of grave and gloomy uncertainty. Republican mom- bers of Congrens from Pennsylvania ropudi- ate and reject the arrangoment whereby Bron Carcezon is understood to havo prom. ised the delegation to Conxxino after Hant- wanrr shall have rocelved » complimentary ‘voto, and declare that Oasmenon can't deliver the delegation according to that contract, It 4s considered far more likely that Busine will finally receive the support of his native Btate tn the National Convention, The Chicego produce markets were mod- erstely sotive on Saturday, but prices were generally lower, Mesa pork was moderate. Jy active, and closed 74@100 per brl higher, wt @22,424@22.45 for cauh and §22,72}@ 22,76 for May, Lard waa active, and closed5@ ‘240 per 100 tbs lower, closing at $19.70@18.734 eash and $18,00@18.92) soller May, Moats ‘Were dull and tame, at 8fo for boxed shoul ies, 18f0 for do thort ribs, and 19}0 for do short clears. Highwines were active and firm, at $1.07 por gallon, Flour was quiet and unchanged. Wheat wns moderately act- fvo, but $a lower, closing at $1.01} for cash and $1,063 for May. Corn was rathor quiot and jo lower, closing at 45J0 for onsh and 48Yo for May, Onta were dull and 4@}o lower, closing at 930 for cash and 34{o for sellor May. Tyo was steady, at G5c, Barloy was quict, nt 670 for March and 5740 for May. Hogs wero active, and fc highor than Friday's closing quotations, light weights solling nt $8.10@8.26, and common to good heavy at $8.20@8.60. Cattle wero in good demand, and ruled firm, at $3.50@5.50 for common to choice, Sheep wore nominal, at $4.50@6.50, One hundred dollars in gold would buy $114.87} in greonbacke at tho close. What todo about Wirstow is a question which threatons to cause a spirited contro. versy botweon Great Britain and the United States. England stands rendy to surrender the Boston forger, but imposes as o condition that he ehall be triod only for the crime for which ho waa extradited,—such boing tho provisions of a lnw enacted by Parliament in 1872, Tho United States, on tho other hand, insist upon tho strict observance of the treaty of 1842, and deny tho power of Parliament to modify or alter ita terms in tho mannor in- dicated without the concurrence of the United States, Tho British Government even gocs 80 far og to require that Congress shall pass 5 corresponding law befora Wrxstow is render- od up for extradition, —n demand which will probably not be complied with, Somebody ‘will have to back down, and it won't be our side if Mr. Fran succeeds in maintaining his point that a treaty stipulation takes prece- donce over an act of Parliament. —_—_—_———_——_—— Gov. ‘Tren, in his message on canal affairs, published in Te Taineye this morn- ing, again urges the abandonment of tho ‘extraordinary repairs” by which tho Ring has, during tho past five years, stolen nearly $15,000,000 for protended improvements upon the worthless branch canals; and rec- ommenda the passago by the New York Legislaturo of on oct making appropriation fora work in which the wholo Northwost is specially interested,—the doopening of tho Erie Canal propor, during the present year, so far as practicable, so as to give a uniform depth of 7 feat of water. With tho fands re- covered from the clutches of the Ring, and what may bo saved by abandonment of use- less jobbing ‘‘ improvementa,” ho shows thero will bo on hand an available fund of $1,601,000 to bea applied to this important work, which is of greater moment, not only to Now York, but to full half the country besides, than any railway or other improvement project that eon be named. This can bo effected without alteration of culverts, etc., or deepening of the present walls; and, by affording naviga- tion for boata of greater burden, would vastly increase the carrying capacity of the canal, and have corresponding offoct in reducing froight-rates. It is gratifying to learn that the State has funds available for thia work; and that tho indications aro, that {t will bo vigorously pushed to completion,—in the in- creased carrying capacity farnishing practical- ly a now cheap transportation-ronte from the Lakes to the sonboard. THAT COMPROMISE FINANCIAL BILL, The managors of the compromiso finance Dill at Washington have gradually progresed to the point of comprehending that hoarding gold in the Treasury until enough is accumu. lated to resume specio payments is equal to borrowing that much money at G per cent interest, which, compounded, will make tho United States pay $2 in gold to redoem each $1 in greenbacks. Waving reached this common-sense conclusion, they have discoy- ered thot it is much cheaper to offor tho holders of tho groenbacks a 4 per cent bond than to pay G por cent on hoarded gold. The funding of groonbacks is tho only rational way of disposing of thom, It is the pay. ment originally proposed, and will be por- footly satiefactory to the holders, ‘The groonbacks are the disturbing ele. ment in our financial system, and aro go bo- cause they aro o legal-tonder on which all the contracts of the country sre made from day today. Theso groenbacks have long since survived tho necessity which created them, If a date were fixed after which thoy will cenpo to be legal-tonders for now con- trocta, groonbacks would conso to diaturb tho finances ; they would immediately take their place as uncurront funds, and be taken and paid out, as thoy aro in Canada, at their mar- ket value, Thoy would sorve, however, to pay old dobts, and as tho use of them for this purpose passed away they wouldreadily bo exchanged for a long bond bearing a low rato of interest, Tho Congronsional financiors, however, havo yot much toloarn. They cannot get rid of the greenback without making some arrangement fora substitute. Tho ns- sumption that the National Banks will fur- nish a specie-paying currency os soon as tho greenback is rotired, is utterly fallacious, If tho banks cannot make it profitable to keep up a circulation redeomable in deprecinted greenbacks, it is not likely that thoy will at- tempt todo so when they must redeem in coin, Porhapa in time this idea, which is sclf-ovident to the country, will attract the consideration of tho financial doctors at Washington, ‘While wo opproveand heartily commend the schomo of funding the greenbacka at the op- tion of the holders, wa suggest that tho Banking law must bo largely amended in or- derto let tho banks of tho country issue a currency for the business of the country, ‘The best secured paper-money known among men ig the currency issued by tho Bank of England. Tha notes of that Bank aro aecured to tha extent of $70,000,000 by tho deposit of Govornment bonds, In addition, tho Bank deposits gold in coin or bullion, and is allowed to issue bank-notes dollar for dol. lar therefor. Can there bo a more ample se. curity for the protoation of the bill-holders thon that which ia thus afforded? But our law requires 9 still greater sacurity, It requires the deposit of gold bonds of @100 at par for each $80 of notes payable in coin, It exacts, algo, of thom a tax upon the cironla- to the extent tion and deposits, Do theso gentlemen in Congress suppose the banks will continue their circulation when the groonbacks are re- tired dnd thelr own notes become redeom- ablein coin? Tho banks, upon the passage of the proposed funding bill, would at once retire their circulation, and then, between the two processes of contraction, thera would be no currency, but there would be stagnation and ruin, Let Congress, bofore they annili. late tho greenback, make such an amendment to the Banking low that the banks may issue notes, dollar for dollar, for all the bonds, and bullion, and ooin they may hold. A bank with $200,000 im gold bonds and §50,000 in gold deposited at Washington may mfily be THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, MARCH 27, 1876. trusted with sn isane of $250,000 in notes. ‘This is only possible by o chango in tho law abolishing the prosent inequalities and re- pealing the prosent Fedoral tazes on oiroula tlon. COUNTING THE PRESIDENTIAL VOTE. Mr, Moxnton's bill forcounting the olectora} voto has passed tho Sennte by a majority of 81 to 26, but itis still ponding bofore that body on a motion to reconsider made by Mr. Tnunuanx. Tho vote on tho bill was not partisan, and, in moving o roconsideration, Mr, Tounuan appealed to both partios to Agrees uponsome more effective measure tomect tho danger’ incident to o possible disagros- ment in the count of the votes for President and Vice-President. There is no quostion but the ‘Twonty-sccond Joint Rule, adopted in 1865, under which the electoral votes havo been counted since that time, is unfair and dangerous, It provides that the vote of any State may bo thrown out by tho objection of a baro majority in cither House. In 1873 tho electoral votes of Louisiana and Arkansas were rejected undor this rule, If their re- fection had decided tho lection (which fortunately wns decided beyond question outside of the votes of theso States) there islittle doubt that such action would have led to serious dissension, and porhaps to revolution and bloodshed. But it can never be known when tho election may be 80 close ns to depend upon tho vote of a single Stato, and in thnt case the operation of the Twenty-second Joint Rule would onablo the dishonest exorcise of party powor to de- font tho popular will. A proper substitute for this rule should not be postponed, there- fore, beyond tha presont Congress, to stand as a menace during the next Presidential election. Mr. Monrton’s bill proposes the exact op- posite of the rule adopted in 1865. It pro- posea that, when any question arises as to tho counting of tho vote of any State, the Senate shall withdraw, and the question shall be considered and dobated separately by both Housee. It thon requires that a majority of both Houses shall be necessary to the count- ing of tho electoral vote in dispute, ‘This is tho reverso of the provailing practice. Under the operation of the Twonty-second Joint Rule, the objection of one Houso could reject an electoral vote; under Mr, Monton’s bill, tho rejection must be sustained by both Houses, But Mr. Monron’s bill scome to bo defective in requiring the .concurront oasent of both Honses to the counting of the electoral vote of a State which returns two contesting votes, Ifthe Houses do not agroe, as might bo the case with the presont Congress whon ono House is Domocratio and tho other Republican, then tho vote of the disputed State would not be counted on either side, ‘Chis would bo only a little less unjust thon the prevailing practico, It was evidontly.tho intention of the Con- stitution that Congress shall exercise no dis. crotion in tho canvass of tho olectoral votes, but merely to opon tho returns and count them, Tho Twolfth Amendment to the Con- stitution says: ‘* Tho Prosidont of the Sen- ate shall, in the presonce of tho Senate and the House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then bo counted.” Still experience has proved that thero may be two votes, each claiming to be tho lawful and only one to bo counted. It ia necessary that there should bo some power to decide betweon them, and the caso is not at all impossible that the two Houses would nob bo ablo to agree upon either ono. Mr. Bayaxp of- fered an amendmont to tho Morrow bill that in such case, then the vote shall bo counted by tho House of Representativos, voting by States, in the mannor provided by the Con- stitation when the eloction is thrown into the House by a tie voto in the electoral col- legos, This amendment was voted down. Gen. Burnswe also offered on amendment, which was likewise voted down, providing that, whon more than one roturn is recoived from a State, all the returns shall be reported to tho Chief Justico, and the Suprome Court shall then have authority to canvass tho dis- puted returns and dooide botweoen them bofore tho last Taosday in January noxt suc- ceeding, This seoms to be the fairest of all the propositions submitted. It is fortunate that tho bill is still opon to gn amendment covoring the obvious defect, which may practically disfranchizo a State whon there oro two returns and the two Houses cannot agree upon cither, Tho Su- prome Court ought to bo, and generally is, furthest romovod from tho, partisan foclings of the day, and is cortainly tho fittest tribunal to disposo of such a question when Congress cannot ogree. There isno reason why tho real voto of any State should be nullified by partisan disputo, oither in the Stato itsolf or in Congress; and such a nollification at a time when that voto might doolde the elec- tion would be provocative of popular resent. ment, and perhnpsrovolt, Mr, Monron’s bill should be so amonded in this respect os to commend it to the fair-mindod mon in both parties, and secure its pasaage bofore the ad- journment of tho present Congress, THE COURT-HOUBE, ‘Wo are glad to noto that the conference betwoon some of the Aldermon and sovoral loading citizens, which was hold on Saturday ovoning, to consider the most feasible means of proceeding with the new Court-Houso, resulted in o substantial agreement on the plan recommended sovoral months ago by ‘Lue Taruons, viz.: That tho portion of our local Government known as the county shall assume tho ontire cost of erecting the Court- House, upon on agreentent with the city that the latter shall pay a rent for its portion equivalent to the intorest on ono-half the cost. This is not only the best, but it ssoma to ba the only practicable means of securing the immediate erection of the building. It is idlo for the city to undortake to build ita half at the present time, City bonds cannot be wold for that purpose, sinco the city debt is already in excesa of the constitutional limitation. The people cannot sustain the extra taxation necessary to pay for the build- ing oa it prooceds, since the taxes for tho actual running of tho City Government are already beyond tho resources of the property. owners, Thero avome to boan insurmounte- ble hitch for the prosent in the nogotiation with the railroads for the Inke-front property, and ovon if such aalo wore made it is a ques- tion whether tho proceeds ought not to be devoted to the extinguishment of so much af the floating debt as isin arroars of the cur. rent tax collections. Nor would it be wise to diaposa of the city’s real eatate at = aac. rifice to private parties at the present de- pressed prices, Tho city, thorofore, isata standstill in regard to its assuming the cost of one-half the Court-House for some time to come, ‘With the Coanty Government the matter in very difcrent. It bas the authority to soll ‘onda enough to pay the entire cost without reaching the Mort of lke somstiiutional In. debtedness, It foals o gronter necessity for tho Conrt.Wonaa than tho oity, a9 tho courts suifor most for tho lack of its accommadn- tions, It will not actually pay out any mora money on aceount of county expensos, since tho rent which tho elty will pny for what it occupies will liquidate the interest on the ad- ditionnl bonds it may issno to pny for tho city’s portion, Finally, the County Govern- mont represents actually the same intorests aa tho City Governmont, and tho common in- tercata of all tax-payers demand that tho payment of tho Court-House cost shall be postponed, It is probable that tho Common Council will pass the resolution recommending an ofiicint conferonce with the County Commis- sioners to carry out this project, and itis to be hoped that ft will bo carried out. Tho only hitch seoms to bo in regard to the archi- tecta and the style of building; but cortainly neithor a moro matter of style nor tho inter- est of any particular architects shonld bo permitted to dofont an arrangoment 50 ob- viously to the advantago of the people, Tho fairest compromise would seem to be to leavo to the county tho privilege of designating tho exterior style o¥ the entire building, and permit tho city to arrango tho intorior of its portion of tho building in such mannor os may be best suited to its wants. At all events, tho representatives of the people, whothor they be Aldermen or County Commissioners, should kesp well in mind that they havo the same interesta in trust, and they should make mutual and fair concessions to attain the objoct in view. INCREASING THE TOBACCO TAX. It haa been announced from Washington thot the Committee on Ways and Means havo determined to make an incroase in tho to. bacco duties in reporting tho Mornison Tar- iff bill; that the present duty of 86 conten pound on tobacco will be raised to 40 conts, and $2.60 a pound on cigars with an ad va- lorem of 25 por cent will bo incrensed to $3.60, and so on, This proposition is il- advised, to put no finer point on it, Purport- ing to bo in tho interest of tho revenue, tho dcoline of tho receipts from custome dutics since tho incronso last year of 10 per cent is sufficient proof that its effect will bo to di- minish rather thon enlarge tho revenues, ‘Tho proposed increase is, as a matter of fact, in the intorest of those with stocks on hand, and it will lead to a proportionate increase, with the same ond in view, of the tax on tobacco of homo production and cigars of home manufacture, This done, tho movo- mont will be followed by all the ovils and abuses that experience has shown to be inci- dent to overy attempt to collect an excossive tax. Tho subject is worthy of serious Con- greasional consideration from soveral points of view. . In the first place, it is propor to regard the consumption of tobacco in much the same light as the consumption of tea and coffeo. Its use is almost as general, and it has be- come almost as much of a necessity, It is as common among the poor people os among tho well-to-do people. It is folly, on account of any abstract theory in regard to the effects of tobacco, toshut our oyes to the fact that probably ten or twelvo millions of people make constant, daily uso of it in one form or onother in this country. Of these the grant mojority are poor, and if is noither wise nor dosirablo that tho tax theraon should be in- creased to auch an extent as to subject them to extortionate prices, adulterations, short woights, and tho othor swindles that always follow the impotent offort to collect on ox- tonsivo tax. Thia is ono view of the caso which we recommond especially to thoso gontlomen in Congress who ore accustomed to advortiso thomselves as the poor man’s friends, snd who seek such advantage as domagogism affords, In the noxt place, the practical collection of the tobacco tax is prociaely the same os that of the whisky tax. ‘Thoro is o point be- yond which thoro is a tomptation to avoid the tax by swindling the Government. After this point is passed, the Government officials are corrupted, stamps ara made to do double duty, and thore is an nyoidanco by all man- nor of frands and collusions of a much larger sum than tho increaso in rate can mako up, Tho constant tamporing with the tobacco and whisky taxes is not in tho intorest of the Government, thorcfaro, ‘but in the intorest of the speoulators with stocks on hand, and in tho interest of dishonest manufacturers, im- porters, and dealors, and the corrupt customs and internal revenue officials, All this has boen fully oxposed and abundantly estab. . lishedin the matter of whisky by the war which Secretary Bristow has made upon the ring; and it is vory gonorally beliovod by thoao beat informed that there havo been enormous frauds in tobacco. Tho difference is that tho tobacco frauds aro moro diffused, emallerin the individual items, and moro difficult to run down. Aunothor roason why thoy appear comparatively inslgnificant {o, that the prosecutions ore against a lesa con- spicuous class of persons, and fail to attract the samo amount of public attention, Thero ig no question as to tho ‘generality of the frauds, however; and, if fraads are committed at tho present rate of taxation, they will be proportionately inoreasod by any increase of rates, which will thus fail to enlargo the Tovenue, But thero is a still more serious charge in connection with this perlodical Congressional interference with the whiaky and tobacco taxes, There are those who do not hesitate to say, and think it can ba proved, that tho inoreago of theso taxes is procured by in- toreating cortain Congressmen in both Houses in the profits that accruo therefrom. The process is described to be that of “options” on sales, For instance, a combination of distillers and dealers in whisky with large stocks on hand desire to increase the value of their stooks, They employs lobby, Their agents offer to members of Congress a cor- tain amount of highwinca at a certain figuro—the regular market rate—with tho privilege of taking the stuff or refusing to take it within sixty or ninety days. To all appoarances this is o fair enough busi. ness transaction, and nothing is sald about corrupt influences. But the Con- gtossmen who buy whisky in this way, or whose friends have invested largely with the orpeotation of a rigo in price, aro not slow to discover that the quickest way to create the rise {s to increaso thetax. An addition of 20 cents per gallon to the tax carries with it an inoreased value of 20 centa per gallon on the value of the stock on hand, whichis not required to pay the in. crease, It is allegod that this personal inter. eet of Congressmen in their own right or through thelr frionds waa an important agency in securing the addition of 20 conts a gallon to the whisky tax at the last session, Asimilar movement to Increase the tax on tobacco at this seasion of Conhreas will cre. ate the grave suspicion that it ls prompted by & idmilar motlya, Congress will do well, therefore, to lat the tax alors on account o its own reputation as well as tho interests of the public rerrice, It in alrendy Ligh enough nnd yiolds a larger rovonue than can be col- lected from an incronaed tax. Tho ovidonce of dishonost motives in tam. poring with the tobacco tax is incronsod by a movoment which has been discovered for an- other chango in the whisky tox. It is now proposed by somo of tho Congressmen to re- duce this tax again, which would furnish thom a double opportunity,—oither to black. mail the distillera and dealors in considorntion of thoir refraining from tho proposed reduc- tion, or, by reducing tho tax now, to prepnro tho way for a largo incronse nt tho noxt sca- sion of Congress and another big haul in “options.” All this must be stopped. The only honest way iste let tho whisky and to- bacco taxes alone. THE CASE OF MR, DANA, Tho charga of literary piracy, tho only ehargo that redoubtable political pirate Ben Borurn could rako up against Rion. anp H. Dana, dr. having been ex- ploded, thero remains no conceivabla bot- ter ground for the rejection of ‘his nom- ination to be Minfator to Great Britain, pro- vided the Sonate is not to pay off Burzzn's old grudges, than that ho is not a politician in that unhappy sonso in which the word is now accepted in this country, Mr. Dana is noultured gontleman, which of courso pre- eludes his being, in such sonse, a politician. Tho British publioto whom he is kngyn by his literary and legal works recognize tho dis- tinction with a liveliness suggestive of anx- jety to recaive as our represontative a gontle- maninstoad of apoker-playor, who, because of his office, must be tolerated in respectable air clos. The Times, over tho Ministorial organand the exponent of the substantial middle classos, on reception of newsof Dana's nominntion, in an oditorial lender recalls that the United States has been represented abroad by Bax- crorvt, Wasninoton Irving, Manaz, and Morty, trusts the Senate will confirm tho choico, and says: It is enough for us to know that Mr, Daa ts the author of “Two Years Before tho Mast,” the most charming as wells tho most faliuful description ever penned of tho life fed by a common aallor. « —upon which work it passes high encomi- ums. The Times adds: It-wasan honor to recelve such aman as Mr, Mor- Leg, and his countrymen had the satisfaction of know- ing that tholr dignity could never be tainted so long aa it remained in his kooping. For the same reasons wolcome will be givento Mr, Dana, The choice of such men is the moro important because the only other kind of Ministers whom President Gaanr sooma inclined to chooso are “ politicians, Remorking that “ It is more important that tho representatives of the United States should command respect than that thoy should be able to snatch little diplomatio vic- tories, the Times, referring to the politicians, concludes : Buch meo, we dare say, bavo thetr uses in the ad~ minfetrative economy of tho United States; but wo aasure him that they are peculiarly out of place in the critical soclety of Enropo, and thst, on tho other hand, sn American Minister could bring no botter credentials than tho Uterary reputation of Mr. Dana, Tho Standard, Conservative and High Tory, in its leader upon tho nomination, congratulates tho President on it, and saya: Wo have no desire to express any opinion with ro- gard toaceso which is yetunder investigation, But this much, at least, wo may say, that the chargea loudly urged against Gen,fourncx were well cal- culated to meke Amoricane think bim unfitted to rep- reaout thelr country at the Court whose good opinion they prize above that of all other Courts, For tho sake of both countries we are glad that the new i{n- fator to London {a sbovo the reach of such accusations, ‘Tho author of “Two Yoara Defore the Mast” is a scholar anda gentlomen, a lawyer of distinction, and a publio man not to be confounded with the so-called politfclana, Tho News, tho leading organ of the Liber- ols, exprosses tho satisfaction with which the nomination will be rocoived in England, and, recalling that ho is a descendant of ‘‘Riomanp Dana, ono of tho honest men who did what Cnomwets only thought of doing,—who loft their homes in Lincolnshiro to seok religious and political freedom under the slios of Massachusetts,” with a complimontary refer. cence to his literary and professional works, BAYS: é Mr, Dana’s appointment xoems one of the most 20- ceptable that oould have boon suggested, It is ons of many that rovive tho old tradition of honoring men of lettora with positions which require them to be mon of affaire, . . In tho golden age of English Uteraturo, golden for the happy writers who drow the prizes, Embsselos and Sectotaryehipa wera the rewards con- ferred on osssylats, historiana, posts, In Franca, be- fore the Second Empire, mon took» prominent place in politica who bad fret won thelr epure in Iit- erature, An acquaintance with history, after is own fashion, did not bar 3& Turns from high political place, nor did thelr knowl- edge stand in the way of Guizor and of Virzzam, America, in the samo way, has put forward Evgnerr, Wasinnatox Invixo, Morury, Bancnort, and Mazsz, Even Wawruonne had to {ake Lis part in tha official life of mortals of flosh and blood, and now the appointment of Mr. Dara koepe up the excellent tradition, Mr, Dana will on many eccounta bo wolcomo hore; and not the Icas wel- come from tho fact that hbs appointment scums to in- dicato a return to @ healthler senee of public duty in the distribution of posts of honor and respectability than has tately provatled. These algnificant utterances of the three great organs of British opinion, representing the consorvative, radical, and moderate middlo- class sontiment of the United Kingdom, and concurring in their exprossions of glad roliof that the United States is to be raprosented by a gontloman of scholarly attainmonts and sterling character above the taint of suspi- cion,—in short by a gentleman fit to represont this great nation, ought not to be lost on those Sonstors who, to gratify Bux Burum’s malice or to make place for a henchman, pro- pose to reject the nomination that the ap- pointment may bo bestowed upon some poll. ticlan, ‘We have froquently called attention to the revolution in cotton manufacturing now in progress in Now England as one of the most assuring signsof arotarn toa rational policy, and as fullof promise of o rovival of pro- ductive industry. Six months ago the busi. noses of manufacturing cotton cloth for ex- portation was begun at} Tall River, Mass., asan experiment, It was looked upon with dread and alarm, It was a practical confes- sion of the fraud and bad policy of depend. ing on a protectivo tariff to supply the lossea of non-production. The cotton-mills of Now England had the buildings and machinery for 8 production of cloth twice the amount of the demand from the local markets. If they pro. duced acoording to their capacity, they had on unsalable surplus, necessitating the closing of tho mills, the stoppage of the machinery, the dischargo of the oper- atives, and the delayed returns from aalos, ‘Tho labor of the cotton-mills was unemployed half tho time, and of necessity at half wages. When the aggregato annual wages of tho operatives ranges from @800 to $600, om- ployment for only half the time is a sorious loss. Strikes and other struggles were com. mon, There was no sale for goods on one hand, and no employment on the other, Baddenly it ocourred to some one that tha mills might be run a few hours extra esch day to make cloth to be sent ont of the ‘United Btates and sold. An agent was sont to England, taking with him some speci. mens, They made a favorable impression, English merchants found that tho Amorican eldth could be sold in Gormany, in Holland, Belgium, nnd olsawhere, in competition with English cloth. Ordora wore sont, and Fall River, under the impetus, turned out 2,000 pieces a wook. Tho orders grew in alzo; the product incrensed to 6,000 pieces; then, in tapid succession, to 8,000, 12,000, 16,000, and now tho milla of that city ship 20,000 pieces weokly, Tho cloth needed for oxport is of different widths from that ordinarily mado for the domestic markot, but mill after mill has changéd its machinery, and in duo timo there will bon capacity to produco 80,000 pieces of cloth n weok, at which amount the mannfacturora of that city have ngrecd to pince their manufacture of goods for oxport. ‘This amount ia equal to one-fourth of tho or- dinary product of the Fall River mills, and is, wo undorstond, in addition theroto. It is, therefore, an increase of tho product of tho city of 26 per cent, an incroase of omployed labor 25 per cont, and an increase of trado in the same proportion. ‘The average numbor of yards ia 46 to each picce, which at 20,000 pieces a wock will give give an aggregate export of 70,000,000 yards o yéar, having an export value at pres- ent prices of $3,000,000 a yenr. But tho production for export is by no means con- fined to Fall River, Lowell, Lawrence, Man- chester, Biddeford, Lewiston, and the Rhodo Island mills aro all ongnged in it, and tho ex- port trade is full of vigor, During tho week ending March 7 there were exported cotton cloths to tho value of $268,000 from Now York and $175,000 from Boston. One steamer doparted lately with on exclusive freight of cotton goods, The great troublo wo havo is, that wo have beon so long excluded from the trade in cotton, and most other manufactured goods, that we find it difficult to onter the lists ogain, The trade has been so protected that the British merchants have the monopoly, and now, or- dora for American cottons for the West In- diss and South America havo to be received through London. We have not only so cut our goods outof tho market that they are comparatively unknown, but we havo lost the trade machinery, If we have anything to soll, wo must send it to England to be sold for us oven to our own continental neighbors. Tho peculiarity of the commercial relations to which our protective tariff has brought us is clonrly illustrated by our trado in cotton manufactures, Our Now England manu- facturors have certain advantages in the way of the raw matorint of cotton, but are taxed heavily on their machinery and on many of the materials they have to use, Nevertheless, evon aa it is, they all concede that they can produco the goods at as low a cost as they can be produced for in England. At tho same time, thoy are protected by a tariff equal to 40 per cent, in coin! We im- port Inrgely from all the countries to which geographically we are nearer than is En- gland. Wo might pay to a largo ox- tont for theso imports in gold We purchase goods of Chili and Poru, and pay for them in gold bills on London, and these gold bills ara used to purchase British cottons to be sent to Poru and Chill. In 1875 wo imported from the countrics named goods to the values given, and sold thom in‘retarn cotton goods, the value of which is compared with that of tho cotton goods sold them by Groat Britain, Tho fig- ures are for 1876: American American British imports, cottons, $14,089,256 $380,00) 7,172,302 10,708 42oxs'016 40,008 8,896,709 33,884 11,694-933 167,392 83459,020 149,983 709,049 «313,685 3 12,042,803 4,890 1,944,595 - 29,642 935,009 37.809 1. »$182,423,897 $1,702,571 $69,052,000 Wo bought of these countries over ono hundred and cighty-two millions of thoir producta; they bought nearly soventy-ono millions dollars’ worth of cotton cloths; uf which! England sold thom sixty-nino millions of dollars’ worth and we less than two mill- ions, Instead of oxchanging our cotton goods we gave them gold bills on London, with which thoy bought British-mado eotton goods. Tho oxport of American manufac. tures is the salvation of Amorican trado and commorco, To make that oxport goncral wa must ropeal every tax on ovory description of raw materinl and machinery; wo must put these manufacturers on an oqual footing with tho foreignors; we must enable them to 0 reduco the cost of production that they can manufacture for all the markets of the world, doubling their product, doubling the omploy- mont given to lnbor, and adding to the na tional wealth and national prospority. Referring to the recont efforts to break down tho usefulness of Secrotary Bristow by circulating baseloss charges against him, the well-informed correspondent of tho Cin- cinnati Gazette has gingled out the following classes who aro intoroated in this scheme; 1, Tho Smeruznp-Muzuxrr combination, in rovongo for Muxuerr's removal; 2. Tho safo- burglary conspirators, because the Secret- Service force was reorganized; 3, Tho Indi- an Ting, which hopes to save Dztano’s ad- ministration by crushing Brusrow's reform movement; 4, Ex-Agsistant-Socratary Baw- yen, because he has been indicted; 6, Tho men interested in tho soal-lock frauds which Bristow chocked; 6. Tho claim-sgents in ‘Washington, who can no longer swindle the Government with Mr, Barstow at the bead of tho Treasury Dopartment; 7, Tho Whisky Rings throughout tho country, which have suffored more by Batstow’s reforms than any other class; and other disreputable elementa in the Custom-Houses, the Distrlot Ring, and Congressional politics, who aro opposed to reform and dread exposure, Secretary Ban- tow is to be congratulated upon having drawn down upon himsclf the uncompromis- ing hostility of all such canaille, _——_———— Yesterday we printod Ald. Frrzorniny'a lame excuse for going back on his constitu. ents in voting to foist the usmrper Coryor another yoor upon the wearled and disgusted tax-payera of Ohbfcago. The apology he makes ia exceedingly weak and unsatiafac- tory, The pretense is, that if the people shonld elect a successor undor the call of the Common Council, ‘it would bring about con- fusion which would follow a contest betweon two persons each claiming to be Mayor," oto, Suppose it did, is thatavalid renson for continuing 48 usurpation? If Convin is never to bo put out of tho Mayoralty until he volantarily vacates the office, it will not be until the dootors pronounce him de- funct. As long as there is no one to contest the placo with him, he will hold on to it, on one protext or another, He has already hold the office four months after his term has ex- pired, and he proposes to retain it at least thirteen months longer, and Ald, Frrzorzatp has voted that he should do so, because forsooth he fa afrald the terrible * baggage. armasher” would underteke to hold on after ihe people snd the Oammou Council had —<—[—[—[—>—>——]7eEaEaEeEEeEE—aeaaeeym=a=z==: voted iim ont! But wedo not belfovs thy Ad-Fnterim would attompt to do anything of the kind. If the Council shonla aspectal oloation for Mayor, the Republican party, tho Domocratio party, and porhiaps thy Indopendont party, would onch nominate y candidate, Tho poople would go to tho polly and mnke choice, Tho Common Coung) would, under the charter, canvass the vot announce ‘ho result, and declnro one of thom olected, Sixty thousand citizens would prob, ably have voted for Mayor, and their chotcy would bo respected by all tho Courts in thy Btnto. If Convin shoutd, in tho faco of such action, attempt to retain possession of thy Moyoralty regardless of public opinion ang tho popular choice, the town would bo mady too hot to hold him, lis throne would mej from under him, and the Supremo Cony would bid him, by a unanimous decreo, to stop down and out, as the voico of the poopy expressed at tho ballot-box must bo rm spected, It ia the duty of the votora of tho consolj. dated First and Second Words to soo thi they nro no longer disgraced and misrepre sented by such Aldermen ts Forzr ang Wanren, who have yotod in the Council tp uphold tho monarchical principle that a may may rule Chicago as Mayor without being elected to the office,—a principle abhorrent to any true American citizon, no matter wher ho was born. The new First Ward pays mon taxos than any four other wards inthe city, It has plenty of excellont materin from which to mnko choice, and, if it selects ‘wisely, ono of its now Aldermen ,may by elected Mayor by the Council to fill the ys, cancy fora yoar which really oxists. With such men to choose from os Jonx Wes. wontn, Porrer Paster, J. H. Donny, j, H. MoVicxrer, J. 0. Knrcxensooren, Cuary cex Bowzs, L, L. Consuny, J. Lytz Rr, and a score more of suitablo men who may by named, the primary meeting should bo ably to solect first-class candidates. It is the duty of tho First Ward to act a proper exampl: for the othor wards to follow. We have noj named cither Aldermen Drxon or Riomanpsos, who have served thoso wards faithfully an¢ ably, as they poremptorily refuse to sery any longer. ‘Mr. Davip A. Wetts has dono the country an other service by the proparation of a yolum which he has called ** Robinson Crusoo’s Money; or, Tho Romarkablo Financial Fortunes and Misfortunes of a Remote Island Community,” and which has beon recently isaued from thy prossof Hanrrn 4 Brothers, with profasa ih lustrations by Nast in his charactoristic atyls, It tracos the oxporience of tho Istandors in thx tranaltions from gold as ® medium of exchangs, through a war with the Cannibals, to an illio itablo 1esuo of irredeomable papor currency, [i ie the reductioad absurdum of tho fallacies of inflation, worked out in s humorous and b genious fashion. Tho purpose of the author 4 explained in the words of ‘Georrnzr Cratox, Gont.,” whose model ho bas followed, to conceal his moral “so thst, whilo the s{mplo readortt listening with open mouth to a ghost or low story, ho may havo #bolun of sound morality popped down hia throat and bo nevor tho wis: for the fraud.” Tne book furolahos a reli from the serious discussion of tha cyrrony question, which has become tireaome and die tasteful to many porsons, and it {a probablo thi this new and moro attractive dross may roy! the right and wrong of the issuo to large nu bera who would not consent to conaidor it in {i prosy, evory-day shapo. Fantaatlo aa tho bol is, it fa scarcely an oxaggoration of the extrent folly and uttor diamay into which the adro cates of anirradeemable paper currency would botray our own country. ‘Those Aldormon who voted to contione thi prosont Mayoralty usurpation in Chicago 1s suspected to bo monarchists at heart. Onlys wmall fraction of the entiro batch were born las freo country, but received their politica: ides and traiuing in lands raled over by Kiusy Quoens, and Emperors. ‘Trampling on te popolar will and foistiog an Exocutive on tte poople after his term of office has oxpirod, dow not soom to strike thom as very odious or cb Jectionable. But what shall bo ssid of thow Aldormen who wero born and brought up unde froe democratic fostitutions and yot voted to nanction the usurpation? If they lived in France they would be Bonapartiats, and if at the time of the Amorican Revolution they woull haye been—not Whigs, that is cortain, At tho last election the new First Ward (ol! Firat and Second) votod as follows on the beit teat vote that waa given, viz: For Comms slonor t Murry Nel ablican (First) Marry Neliony Meputilean (secon publican ‘Total in now First for Nelson, Pat Molloy, Democrat (First)... Pat Molloy, Democrat (eoond), ‘Total for Kolloy.., Majority for Nelaon.. ‘With this atart tho Rep to send bottor Aldermon then Tox Vorxy ac! Wannex (whouphold usurpation) to the Com mon Council, —— Ald. Frrzaxnatp saya in excueo for betraying hla constituents on calling an election fot Mayor: Lat mo add that ¥ have not been requested by & single resident of my ward to favor this [calling #0} election, aud I do not believa that the people dex 1 Tre, a political club passed renolutions fey the call, ‘I Dellore that Club represented the views ite members, and had no right to be couaiderd repre sentative of the wishes of the people, But the views of its membors embody the sentiments of the ontiro Republican party of * tho ward at lesat, and that isa majority of 300 to 500 of the voters of the ward; and besides, thero is no question bit a majority of the Dem ocrata of that ward desire a now deal for Mayor, more especially as tho term for which the proj ent incumbent was olocted expirod last your. oo Ald. Firzaznarp, of the Third Ward, had, op to tho Iast meeting of the Councll, made # good clean record, and atood deservedly high in the opinion of the people of bis ward ; but in voting to stifle the popular will and sustain = usurper in the Mayoralty he acted just like the cow in the fable who gave a fine bucket of milk snd thee deliberatoly and viciously kicked it oven PERSONAL. Irving's Othello ts called “A Jealous Hamid." Prof. Proctor wili aall for England on the Sd of May, ‘Minigter Washburn was in Liverpool on 1 Oth inst. Mra. Harriet Beecher Btowe made 91,300 ‘ras ber orange-grovo in Florida last sammor, “The Hides of Marsh," sald the Grapile cently, “are past.” Isn't it cuir, we aak you! Mra, Swisshelm will sail for Europe this wed to place her daughter in the Musical Conserv’ tory at Loipaic. Some sny that Stora’ case won't be worth | Rush when Boutell Bangs the Ayer in bissd dregs to the jury. There aro two Dorsle Turners, two Dr. Met Walkers, ono Gough, and eleven aothors *Boautifal Snow,” The Saturday Neve says that Josqelt Miller's new novel—"'Oue Yair Woman"—is"! macs of imbecility.” Jamon T, Fields, in bis new lecture on Word? worth, sys: “The man who has no eotb! asm for whatever inaweet and nature! io Lit might as well hays been caterpillar, end nothing but the New York Wation” 7 trouble with tha Mation ka tha us scans Uty