Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 6, 1876, Page 4

4 \ THE CHICAGO TRIBUNG: MONDAY, MARCH 6, 1876. demand and were strong at $3,50@6.25 for common to choice. Sheop were quict and easy, Ono hundred dollars in gold would bay $114.62} in greonbacks at tho close, —————————— TERMS OF THE TRISUNE, RATES OF BUNSCRIVTION (PAYABLE iN ADYANCR), Postage Prenatd at thie OM ‘ dress POUR WErKS fc Phatiea feany ad ress far. luon: Literary and Keligious: Tho people of Now York City of tho re- epectablo classes havo organized thomaclves into an association, like our Citizens’ Associa- WEEKLY EDITION, POBTPAID. tion, for the purpose of aiding in securing on Sof Hrtepat opi, botter lawa and administration for thoir city, CT ee postage ta 16 cou Tho Socicty forbids any of the regular mom. Specimen capies sens free. ‘To prevent delay and mistakes, be eure and give Post ‘Office address in fall, Inolading Btate and County. .. Ramittances may be made either by draft, express, {fPoat-Oftice order, of in registered lettors, at our risk. . ‘RAMA TO CITY AUDACHIDENS. Daly, delivered, Sunday excepted, 2H cents ver week, ‘ally, delivered, Bunday incinded, 30 cents por woek. Address THK TRIBUNE COMPANY, bors who control it to hold office while mem- bors, or within ninety days after ceasing to bo mombors. Tho New York Times snys of it: Tteannot bo aaid the Socioty {e an aesociation for oMice-secking, The Socioty, in this regard, as well as in the modo of ite actions, its alms, {ta publicity, and the charactor of ita memborabip, is in marked contrant Oerner M: ym aod Doarborn-sts., Chicago IU. —or rather antagoniam—to Tammany Hall, the onty —_ other political corporation New York has aver had. AMUSEMENTS, ‘We hops it may have tho vigor and infiuence of that old offendor, Lut exerted in the salutary diroction of the now Bocioty. Tho people everywhore seom at Inst to be aroused to the necossity of organized action against tho tax-caters, bummers, thieves, gamblers, and law-breaking classes. In Now York City it isa matter of immediato solf- proservation. MGdVICKENR'S THEATRE—Madinon atreet, betweon Dearborn and Slate, Engagement, of Join Dillon, )™ Married in Haste “and “ Trotter Southdown,” ' WOOD'S MUSEUM-—Monroe atrect, between De ‘orn and Biste, Afternoon, " Houschold Govt vening, “The Drewer of Preston,” by the Rishinge pOpera-Troupe, : MOOLEY'S TIEATNE—Randoiph atreet, between hark and LaSalle, The California Minstrels, ADELPHI THEATRE—Desrborn ‘Monroe, Variety porformance. SOCIETY MEETINGS. LAYAYRTTT OMAPTEN, No, 2 Tt. A. M.—Hall, 12 Monroo-at.—Speclal Convocation this Monday ovening, for work ou the M. ML. Degree., By ontor of tet. P. Now como tho British papers, all whin- ing over tho decny of official virtuo in tho United States, While the facts oro india. putablo, tho inference that such corruption is incidental to popular or Republican Gov- ernmoentsis wholly unwarranted. Corruption in office has been known in all conntrios, and in all climes, andin all ages, Tha long list atreet, corner oH, BP Boo'y. NTH cone AN CHAPTER Ne iets ome ae of impenchments of officers for corrupt isa Wase, AP ork on the Mark Degreo, : 8, BL, HENDERSON, Hi. P, J. 0, DICKERSON, Seo'y. ‘The Ohitaga Tribune. Monday Mormng, March 6, 1876. prnoticos is all found in tho history of Groat Britain. It was 6 British nobleman who served os Prime Alinistor during tho reigns of two Kings who announced that ‘ Every man had his prico,” and who notoriously acted on that principle. Ie bought and sold, bribed and was bribed, for half a contury, Evon in China and Turkey, whero Governments aro absolute, Ministors of Stato have been bought and sold, and even nt this day in Turkey tho law is administered for pay. Tho United States during thoir contury of national exist- enco havo been remarkably free from of- ficial corruption. It was not until war, in its general demoralization, had undermined the social system, had poisoned public morals by tho introduction of wealth oa a mark of distinction, and the want of ita eanso of social exclusion, that corruption be- cone familiar. ‘Cho country hos been strug- gling with this domoralization for somo timo, and official as well as unofficial vice, crime, and extravagance are duo to this compars- tively now order of things, andaroin no way, however remotely, incidental to Republican institutions, COERUPTION OF CABINET OFFICERS—AN BARLY CABE, Tho impeachment caso of Secrotary Bzr- war is the first instance of tho institution of such # proceeding against any executive off. cer of tho Governmont, oxcopt Prosident Anpnew Jonson, In tho caso of ANpnEW Jonson tho charges were puroly of a politi- cal charactor, and in no wise questioned his personal integrity. ‘There have been fra- quently intimations of misconduct, official and personal, against other Secrotarios of the Executive Dopartments, and these havo been, from time to timo, investigated by commit- toes of Congress, but in no caso has thero ever been on accusation of personal dishon- esty which has beon sufliciontly sustained to lead to a judicial investigation, One of the most curious cases of this kind was that of Epscunp Ranvorrn, of Virginia. From 1779 to 1783 ho waa n delegate to tho Continontal Congress, and was ono of the membors of tho Convention which framed tho Constitution of the United States ; was Governor of Virginian in 1788, and, whon Wasurxaton formed his first Cabinet, in 1789, was mado Attorney-Gonoral, Tuomas Jnr Fenson was Secratary of State, and Arexan- pen Hasunton Secrotary of the ‘Treasury, Dnring the administration of Wasnrnatoy, there was a strong antagonism botwoon Izy. yenson and Hasaurox, ‘ond finally Jevrenson tesigned, recommending Ranpourn os his successor, and Wasnrxoron sppointed Ran- potrn Secrotary of State. Thofoud with Has- ILTON was continued, and the latter resigned in January, 1795, Ranpouru and Jerrenson, with Mapison, waro partisans of Franco, whilo Wasmmoron ond Hasniron wero con- soryativo towards Franco, and anxious to os- tablish friendly rolations with England, Dur. ing tho insurrection in Pennsylvania, in 1794, there was ao division in tho Cabinot as to tha suppreasion of it by force. WasminaTon and Hasa.ton wero for vigorous measures, and Ranvourn and tho Democratio leadera op- posed. Finally Wasumoron issued his proc. lamation, and as Commander-in-Chicf visited the interior of Ponnsylvanio, At this time Ranvourg, who assumed that a long civil war had begun, went to the French Ministor somo time in 1704, and what took place was thus described by the French Minister in o letter to his Government, dated Oct, 31, 1794: AU Lin (Rawporri’s) countenance was griof, “It {nnll over," he eat to me; ‘a civil war 4s about to lavage our unhappy country, Four mon, by their tal- enta, thelr influence, and thelr onergy, toay save it, Butdebtors of Eugliah merchants, they will be de- Prived of thelr Uberty, ff thoy take tho amallest atop. Could yu tend ther, tustantancously, Sunde eufictent fo ahelter them from English pereceution? Thia in quiry astoniahed me much, It was {mposslble for me to mako satisfactory anater. You know my want of power aud defect of pecuniary mesna, ‘The design was to impress upon the French Minister that if Groat Britain should aid tho insurgents Franco would logo an ally, Great Britain recover her colonies, ate, At that timo Jax was ucgotiating a troaty of com- morco with Great Iritain, to which Trance was greatly opposed, and which Ranponrn resisted down to tho very latest minuto, and which ho only elgned by direct orders af tho Prosident, Rawporrn continued in office until some timo in tho noxt year. In the meantime, the yeusel bearing tho dispatch by tho French Minister waa chased of sea by o British cruiser, and tho lotter-bag was thrown over. board, Aasnilorfrom the English vessel re. covered tho bag, and the British Government caused tho original of tho dispatch to bo sent to the United States, It was intrusted to Mr. Woxcort, Secretary of the Treasury, who laid it beforo the President. What took place in thus described in ‘* Hasitzon’s History of tho Republio,” Vol. VL, page 247: ‘The course to be pursued with regard to Rawpourm was submitted by tho Proaldent to his Cabinet; and it ‘Was resolved to grant him an Jutorviow 1a order to ro- colve such explanation sa he might make, Having on the 18th of Augast, 1795, siguod the ratification of the treaty, tha next day, tho President, in the presenco of PicxuRina snd Wotcoiz, handed to Ranvonra the sntorcepted dispatch, After much hesitetion, and an embarrassed attempt at explanation, Maxpourua hay. ing ‘*nssoried that be had never received or proposed to recelve money for bis own use or that of any other person, and hsd pever made any improper communi. callons of the messurea of the Government," rotired for a sbort time, Ho theu re-entered aud stated his ine toution toresign immiudistely, which he promised to communicate in writlog, Mis fetter of resignetion was asntinoutho same day, “Your contidence in me, air,” bewrote, “has Leon vnlimited,ana Ican truly affiym unabused, Ay sensations then casnotbe concealed when J find that oonAdence so Ioumadissaly ) At tho New York Exchango on Saturday greenbacks oponed at 87} and closed at 87}. Areas of rain and snow, with partly cloudy and colder wonthor in this region, aro prognosticated. Tho downfall of Secretary Benxnar afford- ved an opportunity for tho inculcation of a moral lesson, and the ministers of Chicago {quite numerously mado it the themo of thoir spulpit discourses yesterday. It is reported, on good authority in Wash- ington that Gen, Bancocs will not only va- seato his present post of honor and confl- ‘dence, but ho will also resign his position of ‘Colonel of Engincers, and quit tho army al- togethor, A church trial is in progross at Enst Sagi- maw, Mich., the Rov. I. W. May, a Meth. -odist clergyman of good connections, being tthe subject of the ecclesiastical inquiry. ./Zho charges aro of the prevailing typo,— edultery, slander, otc.,—and, as tho defend. ‘ant has on o previous occasion of similar ‘eharacter had tho benefit of the verdict, ‘Not guilty, but don’t do it again,” it is to bo presumed that if o conviction is the ro- ‘wult in this instanco it will not bo attended ‘with another opportunity to disgrace the Church and tho cloth. Tho labors of the Advisory Council have not ended with its adjourhmont. It accom- ‘plished Little enough whilo in session that (Was of practical valuoto the Congrogational Church, and in numerous instances its mem- bers upon returning to their home churches ‘seom to feel called upon to continue their advisory functions. It is doubtloss edifying ‘and interesting to the local flocks to loarn the views of their ropresontatives in the Council, but it might bo ao trifle awkward if these sincero and well-meaning jurors woro asked to oxplain how they happened to reach so “emphatioa yordict on “the main quostion,” which was not befora the Council ss a sub- jeot of investigation, or at most was only “investigated” to the oxtent of listoning to ex parts asseverations. ‘The assertion has been made that chargos and proof of corrupt practices against Sec- retary Retxwar wore brought forward in 1872, and were whitewashed and suppressed. ‘This statemont is characterized ns falso in every particular by Gon, Conury, of Indiana, who was Chairman of the House Committeo on Military Affairs of tho Forty-second and Forty-third Congrasses, He states that on investigation waa had by tho Committee in 1872, when Gen. Hazex, among others, was summoned from a long distance and closely interrogated by the ebarp and watchful Dom. ocrats on tho Committee, but neithor his tes- timony nor any other that was olicited tended to rniso so much as o suspicion of the integ- rity of Secretary Breixnar. Tho labora of the Committeo wero scarching and indefatiga- ‘blo, the testimony was published in fall, and not a Democrat in the Houso raised a ques. “tion aa to tho acouracy ond fairness of the ‘conclusions embodied in the Committos's ro. port. Osten P, Mans has reachod Montreal in eafety, Ue fled from Washington under the {erroncons impression that his tcatimony bo- fore the Houso Committca would bo used against him in subsequent criminal proceed. ings, and ignorant of the law which protects © witnesa undor such circumstances, Tho responsibility for his fight, and the blame, if thero be any, scomsto rest upon the Domo- eratio members af tho Committce, who had it in thelr power to detain Mansy fo Washington, . but who took no steps to sccuro his attendance when ‘wanted. It ia stated, morcover, that one of the Democratic Committcomen even took the pelns to inform Mangu of hia dangor in caso hoshould remain in (Se Capital, and that upon thighint ho acted, taking the first train in tho direotion of Canada. ‘Tho attempt of the Democrats to placo upon tho Prosidont and tha Attorney-General the responsibility of ‘Munan’s eacapa is likely to rotura to plague Ita inventors. ——._ The Chicago produce markets were less changeable on Saturday, Mess pork wag act. ive and 100 per brl lower, closing at $22,35@ 22,87} cash and 822.474@22,50 for April, Lani was less activa and steady, closing at $18.25 cash and $13.42} seller April. Menta were less active anda abado firmer, closing at B§o for boxed shoulders, 12$0 for do whort riba, ond 12%0 for do short cloars, Highwinos wero quiet and unchanged, at $1.05 per gallon, Flour was quiot and easy, Wheat was quiet ond g@jo lower, closing at 07}ofor March and 98$o for April, Corn was in good demand and y@jo higher, clos- ing at 430 for March and 43}o for April, Oats were quiet and firnier, closing at 82jo for March and 82Jo for April, itye was firmer, at 620. Barloy wag in good demand and 2}o higher, closing at 680 for March and 68jo for April. Hogs wore active and firm, at @7.85@8.10 for Light and ot @8,25@9.75 for Good torfancy heavy, Cattle wore in active ‘withdrawn, without awond or distant hint beng drop- pod toms, This, sir, a9 I mentioned in your room, 1s anituation in which I cannot bold my present office, and, therefore, I hereby reaign it," id ‘Tho Prosident necopted tho resignntion and promised that, while Rannonru wan socking avidence to remove the atrong suspicions, no disclostires would bo made, Bubsequently, Rawporrn published a “vindication,” in which he was very abusive, especially of the President, and In the samo volume of Hasrinron wo find quoted the fol- lowing description of » scone at tho’ Presi. dont's houso: Tndgo Ross a Henator of tha United Rtates who was his agent for certain lands in the interior of Pennayl- vanla, relatos: I called to breakfast with bim in order to receive his Instructions before he was interrupted by public business, Mra, Wasrtinaron was sitting in the parlor complately awe-atrickon, and in the corner, Nery Custis, her niece, cowering Uke a ge. ‘Vans Munzay camein, and, addressing himself to the President, asked him “If ho bed wocn Ranpowrm's book?" WaanrNoroy repliod, in a vole awolling with indignation, Yea, air; Ihave read cvery line, every word of it, and a scoundrel God Almighty nover permitted to disgrace humantty,"* In the timo of Gon, Jackson thore was an accusation af corruption mado through the popers against Sauer D. Inara, who bad beon Secretary of tho Troasury. It was made by tho friends of Gon. Eaton, who hind remained in tho Cabinot ns Secretary of War. Inonam repelled the charge, and was subsequently assaulted on tho street by Eaton. Thero was somo talk of corruption against Cabinet officers undor Gen. Tarzon, growing ont of tho allowanceof the Gorrmm, Ganpyen, and other claims,—large for that day,—but nothing camo of it, Ato lator dny, the Houso of Representatives, in 1862, passed o serics of resolutions ccnsuring Srron Camrnoy, Secretary of War, for cor- ruptions practicod in tho service, but no dotion was taken looking to impeachment, At a atill Intor day, committees of Congress in- vestigated accusations of fraud involving tho administration of tho Naval Department by Secretary Ronerson, the Indian Sorvico by Secretary Denano, the War Dopartment by Secretary Berexar, and the Cnonrennina caso by Postmaster-Goneral Onzswein, but in oll theso cnses there was an acquittal by tho Investigating Committees, BELKNAF'S POLITICAL RECORD, ‘The Chicago Times says : Of contso Tus Tatpune doesn't expect its readers tobollovethisatul: “ Beranar was always s Domo- crat,—went into the War ono, came out ons, was pro- moted when ono, and was one when hefoll, But wo tool aa bittorly over the disgraceful cause of that fall as if he had boen born and lived » Ropublfcan,’? Tue Trinoye expects its readers to beliove just precisely this ‘* stuff,” becouse it is tho truth, In characterizing Brnxnar's bribery 3 a national disgrace, Taz Tnmuxz but gavo expression to the profound publio senso of the shamo it brought upon the whole coun- try. Thereat upatart the journalistic spokes- mon and defendora of tha Domocratic party; and, in their chop-logio fashion, assuming that Benxnar was a bribo- taker because ho was ao Republican, deduce that tho grest Ropnblican party’ isasharor in his guilt, and that it is season for Ropublicang to hide their faces for vory shamo’s sake, Ine T'nmuxe has not been in tho habit of assuming that because a man was 9 Domocrat ho was necessarily a thief and blackmailer; and notwithstanding tho record of the Twreps, Swzenxs, Coyoniuxs, Inaznsouis, OCanpozas, Bannanps, Souv- maxrxns, Froyps, and Toxrsons, the honest and decent mon of that party can hardly bo considered as gharora in their infamy. Since, howovor, that style of argument is being applied by the Democratio press in tha Beurnar case, it is porhaps well that the Democracy should onjoy'the fall benoit of all that can be mado out of it. That they ean only do, whon it is kept in’ mind, os is tho fact, that Dezanar ontered public life as 8 Domoorat, and continued a Democrat up to and during tho time he was filling his pockets with official bribes, About twenty years ago ho mado his advent in Iowa, ox his fellow. townsmon at Keokuk bear witness, as an 0+ tive local Domocratio politician, and as such was olected to tho Logislature, During his term of office as a Democratic mombor of the Towa Legislature was it that the first insightin- to thotrue-inwardnoss of tho man was afforded by his ombezzloment of the fands of clients, intrusted to him as a lawyer, and which his law-partnor in practice had to make good, Shortly aftor tho close of his logislative term the Domocratic Robollion broko out, and ho entered the army, whoro ho distinguished himeolf by his gallantry and bravory, which accurcd his rapid promotion ond enlisted tho friondship and eatecm of Gon. Gnanr.. Hla brilliant porsonal daring, ono of the most. notablo illustrations of which was his jump- ing into the trenches hold by tho Confedorates during the fight at Atlanta, collaring a Rebel officer, and under fire dragging him back into the Union lines 9 prisoner, gave him ad- ditional prostige, After the Warho romained a Democrat, and, as such, by Anpy Jonson was appointed Rovonue Collector for the Keokuk District, in which office, out of considoration for his military sorvices, hoewas con- tinued by Prosident Gnanz, Bven thon rumors, whethor woll or ill founded, wero rifons to his connection with whisky rings, but mone of theso rosched Washington, When, by the death of the lamented Scere. tary Rawrine, the President lost one of the most sagacious of his Cabinet advisors and the nation the sorvices of one of tho ablost and purest of mon, Gon, Bensnar was ap. pointed his succcssor, without any congulta- tion with leadiug Republicans of Iowa or alsowhore. Tho selection of Gon. Betxnar, ss Democrat, causod a good deal of ill-feoling in Republican circles af tho time, and was mot with no friendly comment. But the anger of the Ropublicans wore off in time, and they became reconciled to this eccentric appointment by the report of tho brilliant record he had mado in the War and the con- sidorable ability he waa sald to possess, Up to that timo Benxnar had continued a Demo- crat, though a War-Democrat, ond there is no evidence that at any time sinco he hag voted tho Republican tickot- or changod his political principles. Asitnow appears, he began by betraying the confldsncu of tho Republican President, and was active chiofly asa bribe-takor, con- tinuing as such until exposure followed and ho resigned in disgraco, and, through aup- pression of the real facta, procured ac- eeptance of his resignation, Sach, in briot, ig his political record: A Democrat and embozzlor before tho War; then, tho one ro- deoming feature of it all, a War-Demoernt and a brave soldicr; next,a Jounuoy Domo- erat and offceholder vaguoly suspected of being a member of the Whisky Ring; and from thenco transferred to tho Cabinot, through a freak of Executive admiration of his gallantry, to become a bribo-taker, Bat in common with all oltizons jealous of the good name of the country, we feel that Brrxwar's crime isa national disgrace, ond if thero'bo those who would affix the stigma to party for the purpose of “influencing the Now Hampshire election,” tet them stata the facta, and tho stigma will stick whero it bo- longa. THE GRY, DESERT. The rocent roporta and letters of Gen. Hazzy, of tho United States army, contribute much valuable ond authentic information touching the general character of tho Terri. tories of tho United States, and go to show that tho idea which has been herctoforo prevalont, that there aro still vast arens of Jand west of tho Mississippi waiting for settlers to occupy them and dovelop their fortility, is erroneous. They show very con- elusively that the good lands of this country aro olrondy occupied, and that what remains must bo classed under the hond of bad Iands, or more specifically as tho Great American Desert, Tho onstern boundary of this desert may bo fixed by commencing n line in tho western part of Minnesota, and running it north and south through Kansas, Nebraska, the Indinn Territory, and Toxns, onding at about the 100th dogroo of longitude, and the Sicrra Nevadas from tho western lino. It includes adistance of about 1,000 miles north and south, and 1,200 miles east and west, nnd Wl thia vast territory botwoon these two boundary lines doos not contain so much good Innd as thero isin the State of Indiana, although thero is torritory enough to make forty States of tho sizo of In- inna, This great desert includes one-third of Texas, one-third of Kansas, ono-half of Nebraska, soven-eighths of Dakota, one-fifth of Minnesotn, all of Now Moxico, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, and about two-thirds of California, Oregon, and Washington, embracing an area mado known Inst Friday to the Prosidont, he instantly replied that no paper on that sub- ject hind ovor roached him; that if such papers wore sont to him thoy wero suppross- ed ond kept from his knowledgo. The othor fact is that Gon, Bancoox haa beon removed by tho President from the offico of Privato Secretary, and that he has been ro- moved on tho ground of having suppressed these papors. Thore is a doop significance attached to those facts, Thoy indicate not only that tho President’s confidonco hns been most shamofully abused, but that he hos at Jast discovored it. Ho has discovored that corrupt and designing mon havo been using his weaknoss,—hia strong porsonal friond- ship,—and that undor that protection thoy havo beon disloyal .to him and to tho coun. try by the practice of the vilest abuses, If the revolntions of the last few days havo had the offect of inducing tho Prosidont to lool boyond tho lino of péreonal friondship, and seo in the mon who have ostontatiously placed themselves between him and tho coun- try as they appear to othors, ho is to bo con- pratulated. It is possiblo that ho will now be able to look at Bancook’s trial at St. Louis aa tho country hns looked at it. Ifo will sco that tho defonee in that caso, though mado by ominent Jawyers working for $30,000 of focs, was not the dofonso of an innocont man, but exactly the desparate defense which o guilty man would havo made. If it be true that the facts in tho BeLxnar case were supprossod in tho Presi- dent's own office, and kept from his knowl. edge, and that this was tho act of his Private Soccrotary, Bancoor, thon tho latter officar of about 1,200,000 squaro miles, or | must stand revealed to tho Prosidont os a about half. the aren of tho United | S0mowhat different mon thnn the one in States. ‘This vost ron vernges an whom tho President hod placed his conf. donce. It mny in duo time develop the fact thet a military court, unrestrained by tho technical rales of ovidenco of a civil court, and judging mon by tho sevore rules of mil- itary honor, is a necessity, in order that the army may be vindicated, and, if need be, ro- lieved of an officar so intimately connected with tho notorious and confossed criminals of the rovenuo service. altitude of nbont a mile abovo tho sea, and is out off from rains by the Siorra Novadas. Very littlo of this aren is adapted for cultiva- tion, althongh by irrigation it might bo forcod to yiold sustenance enough for thaso who may livo upon it, but for goncral aogri- cultural purposes it is worthless, It is esti- mated by Gon. Hazen that 2 per cent of it may be redeomed by irrigation, and that on agricultural onsis might be obtained in this manner of the sizo of tho State of Ohio. Thero aro somo parts of the romainder which afford pasturage for flocks ond herds, but even in theso portions the grass is so poor and scant that it requires 100 acres in tho best locality to equal one acro in Dlinois or Towa. In this great region thero is 1 por centof forest, producing wood valunblo for building purposes, In minerals it is rich, especially in gold, silver, coppor, load, salt, and coal, which aro scattored all over this area in more or less profusion. Tho facta brought out in theso roports of Gen. Hazen load to some important conclu- sions: 1. ‘Tho good lands of this country ara already occupied. 2. Tho farming lands aro already exhausted, having passed into tho hands of private owners aid rnilrond cor- porations, and what is left is practically uso- less for agricultural purposes. 3, They have an important bearing upon tho future prico of land in this country, since it is now known that the supply of land for agricul- tural purposes is limited. Tho inevitable tendenoy must bo a gradual increaso in prices of tho available lands, 4, They show that future legislation, development, and emigra- tion must bo shaped with the viow of de- yoloping the mineral resourcos, rather than tho agricultural, of this great descrt of 1,200,000 square milcs, which for all time tocome must bear the same relation to the rost of the country that the Steppes of Russia do to the rest of that Empire.. 6, Tho bear- ing of thoso facts upon tho schemes of Phila. dolphia spoculators to induco the Govern- ment to build tho Southorn Pacifia Road across the most worthlesa part of this desort is too apparont:to need emphasizing. With the excoption of its minoral productions, and tho comparatively small portion of it that may be used for grazing, this vast aroa must for all timo remain a desert. POST-TRADERS, ‘Thero is ono feature of the Brrxnar affair which deserves apecial notice, bocauso it indicates a dishonost purpose on the part of tho ex-Secrotary, formed soon after ho entered offico. Prior to bis appointment thoso poat-tradors were nominnted by the three officora highest in rank at onch station, and theso officora constitutod o board who regulated tho prices to bo domanded for all articles, and thus protected the troopsfrom ox- tortion, Tho persons thus solocted woro those with whom the men and officara were ac- quainted,—cither ox-army ofllcora or somo other persons who had tho confidence of thoso most directly interested. Gon. Bet- ENP, however, iinmediately mado a change of all this. Hoe ignored tho recommendations of the offlcera at tho several posts, and made tho appointment of those tradors a part of tho patronago of the War Do- partment, Thoy thus bocame morchandisa in tho hands of the Sccretary of War, if that offi- cer was disposed to trent them nasnch. That Mr, Beranar did so considor them is shown by tho disclosures alrendy made. Shortly af- ter his own appointment he mado tho salo of this tradership to Mansy, and how many othors bo disposed of in the samo wayromaina tobe seon, Tho facts of this Fort Sill scan- dal scom to havo been known in the army for years, and though tho facts wore sont to tho President on sevoral ocensions by persons fa- milisr with tho circumstances, tho papers wero intercepted and nover allowed to reach tho Presidont, It is now ‘stated that thoy woro intercopted in tho ante-room of the Ex. ccutiva office whilo Gen, Basoook was in charge. Whether Bazooos is or is not open to this accusation, thafactremaing that some parson suppressed theso revelations and kept thom from tho President, and the guilty man should bo discovered. Congress should at once put an end to all tho sales of thoso post-tradors’ placca by o law restoring thom to appointment by the General of the Army on tho recom- mendation of tho officors at the respective posts, Tow many of thosa traders havo purohased thoir business no one can now tell,—perhaps will nover bo known,—aond tho most offoctive way to have whatover cor- ruption exists stopped is to declare them all vecant, and have them refilled by appoint. ments according to the rule prevailing before Mr, Burenar began dealing in them, THE VICE OF BRIBERY, The accoptance of money for services un- rondered, which is o statutory offonse in pub- lio office, isn very common vico among the non-officcholding community, and hence, perhaps, the general infection of the public servico, To make a sale, to bring about a trado, or to facilitato o business transaction of any naturo whatever, it isnot considered improper to lay all the ropes and pull all tho wires that may lead to tho consummation de- sired. ‘‘ Commissions ” and “ divisions " of all kinds and every conceivable mathematical variety aro invented to carry out tho project in viow. Tho closest ties of friendship aro straincd by the consideration of gain, Tho domestio relations aro invaded with presents and offerings to oxort a secret influonce, Money is givon and takon for the oxerciso of mero personal or social influence, withont re- gard to tho real morit of tho investmont which is promoted or the probable re- sults of tho transaction thus forwardod. Mon and women of oil conditions aro subjected to the temptation of using somo personal influence, at no cost to thomgelves, in return for a componsation{of somo kind or other; and one encounters almost daily ovidonce of tho accomplishments of favoritism, of schemings, of influonco, of pressure,—all of which moro nearly or ro- motely hang upon the vice of bribery. It is not strange, in view of the common preva- lonce of this pernicious practice in private and business life, that it should have infcoted official circles so Inrgely as has boon demon. strated in the various frauds that have beon unearthed during the Inst year or two. It might bo supposed that tho law affixing a sovere penalty would act aso restraint upon those holding official positions, But thero ara two weak points hero, First, a statutory definition of an offenso docs not make a very sorious impression when the offonse ia found to bo practiced with impunity outside of official circles, and even sanctioned by cus- tom; ond, second, the law has followed the goneral tondoncy of the community to con- domn the person accopting the bribe, but not him who offera it, Tho result of this situation is that tho tomptation is con- stantly presont, sinco tho tempter feels himself out of danger; andthe tempted por- son casos his conscisnca by the common practices of the business world around him, and quiots his apprehonsions by the scoming difficulty of proof whoro the transaction has beon for mutual benefit and the exposure would be for mutual discomflture, In other words, it is-a diffleult matter toonforca g code of morals in official circles of a higher and mora exacting charactor than that accepted by socioty at largo. Tho downfall of ex-Secrotary Bennnsar was o national disgraco, estimated by the oxaited position he held. At the samo time, the surprise and indignation exhibited by Congress wera somewhat beyond an honest protest bya sotof honost men at tho unex- pected rovolation of corruption in high places, The universal horror which was manifested nt tho disclosuro was scarcely in keoping with some of the eceret history of Congress itself, Whon virtuous Democrats denounced Berxnar’s malfeasance os charactoristio of Republican rulo, thoy ignored the fact that avery notablo ease of bribery and corruption so far has huntod out mon on both sides of politica. When Mr, Hizsrzn Oxxaen so foclingly ro- ferred to the lato Sooretary of War as ‘ but tho proper outgrowth, tho truo exponent, of tho corruption, oxtravagance, and misgovern- ment that have cursed tho land for yoara past,” he evidently forgot that tho presont Congress, so pretentiously favorable to in- voutigation and reform, hos itaclf condoned tho offense of bribery on the part of two of ita members, one # Republican and one a Domocrat, against both of whom the evidence was as direct og against Betenar, and both of whom are equally amouablo to the law, which roads as follows: Bro, 1,781, Every member of Congress, or any offi- cer or agent uf tho Governmant, who, diroctly or indl- rectly, takes, recolves, or agreas to recoive any money, property, or other valuable consideration whatever from any person for scouring or alding to procure apy contract, or office, or place of tho Government, or suy dopartment thereof, from any officer of the United Btatea, for any person whatever, or for giving any such contract, ofice, of placa whatscevor, and every person who, directly or indirectly, offers or agrees to give, or gives, or bestows any money, prop- erty, other valuables, or consideration what~ ever for procuring, or alding to procure, any sncb contract, office, or place, aud every member of Congress who, dirootly of indirectly, takes, receives or agreca to rucel¥e, any money, property, or other val unable coualderation whatever, after bis election as ‘such metuber, for his attention, sorvices, action, vote, or decislox! on any question, cause, or proceeding which nay be pending, or may by law, or undor the Constitution, be brought before him in his official co- pacity or {n bia placo os such member of Congress, Ahal be made guilty of @ misdemssuor, and shall be imprisoned not more than two years and fined cot Bore than $10,000, and any auch contract or agresinent msy, a3 the option of the President, be declarcd absow Lately null and old, and doy mammber af Congrens ar. The Washington dispatchos report two facta which, taken together, are very sig- nificant. he oneis that two ex-army of. ficers have toctified that J, 8. Evays, post- trader at Fort Sill, had disclosed, as tho yYoason for charging exorbitant pricos, that for the privilogo of trading at the post 316,000 per annum had to bo paidto W. W. Berxuar, Sccretary of War, and that they had writton out theas confessions and dis. closures of Evaws and mailed them to tho President, who paid no hoed to these charges of corruption, Whon those statements ware oMcerconvicteiiof a violation of this section ahall morcovor be dinqualified from holding any oMfce of honor, profit, or trust under tho Government of the United States, We refer, of conrao, to tho Democratic New York Congressman Sonuaaxen and tho Republican Minnesota Congressman Kina, who wore rocipionta of large auma of money from Inwiw nt the time tho latter was dis- tributing the Paoiflie Mail bribery and cor- ruption fond. Both mon were in public ser- vico nt the time they recetved this monoy. Sonusasen wns thon a momber of Congress ; Kiva was Postmaster of tho House of Repre- sentatives, Sthe ovidones of thoir having takon the money is av falland direct os that against Betxyar; tho subsidy inyolved was A moro soricus losa to the Government than tho aggregate amount of nll the stealings at all tho pcst-sutlerships sinco the War; tho violation of tho law was as flagrant, ond tho disgraco to the Governmont, if not so ntriking, yet not leas Idating and infections. Yet Congress has been in roasion for three months, with atmost a two-thirds Democratio tanjority plodgodl to the work of reform, and there has not boen o movement to expol these disgraced mombers, or s0 to punish them as to mako the vico of bribs-taking as hideous and dangerous os it ought to be. Why this forbearance? Evidontly becouse a membor of each of the two political parties is involved, and also evidently becauso thore was o mino of corruption in this Paciflo Mail business which neither party in Congress was willing to explode. It was right and proper to report the im. mediate and unanimous impeachment of Bexenar, with a viow to his future disqualifi- cation for all time from holding any place of public trust. It is right that ho should be prosecuted under: the Inw, and made to suffor tho full ponalty of his crime, But, in tho meantime, Iot Congress turn some of ita virtuous indignation upon its own short- comings, Tho vials of wrath should not ba all emptiod upon the hend of Berxnap, leav- Lot Sonvaraxen andikKine bo oxpelled from Con- gress, that bribo-taking may bo ns infamous ing nono for offers oqually guilty. ina Congrossman os in a Cabinet officer, And let society and tho business community so xovise thoir code of ethics os to make bribo-giving equally roprohonsiblo with bribe- taking, and both os vicious and disgraceful outaide of publio offico as thoy are inside. In this way alono oan a vicious national habit bo roformod, Gen. Bomexor recoived the nows of Beznwar's disgrace and fall just as ho was loaving Loudon for Liverpool to tako the stoamor for Now York. Ir it bo true that misory loves company, ho may place himeolt with the refloction, while tossing on tho stormy seas, that Bevrnar’s Fort sill blackmailing oporationa wore worse than his But he is mistaken For an Amori- can Ministor ot tho Court of St. James, and ho a Republican, to play ‘capper to a swindling Rang of silvor mine spoculators, is far more din- gracofol than for a Secretary of War, who is a Democrat, to pormit his wife to blackmall tho Emms Mine transactions, in bis ontimato if he thinks so. eutler of a trading-post. GOV: BEVERIDGE AND THE EDITOR OF THE PORT, To the Editor of The CAtcage Trabur Mnusurieey, Aly Marsh de-nAa article tn Wednes- dny’s fate of Tite TnrnoNE chargey mo of having ad- visod tho Postand Sfaii to au} Air, Testna at tha lust fall election, In dental thereof I would aay, I did not so advise; on tha contrary, I protested againat auch course. Lhave voted and’ supported tho Ite- Publican Ucket ever since the organization of the Tte- public: orted, aided, abotted, or comforted, opent; Suy oluor tleket, sive thee Bires Tiskot 1871, when there was no regular Iepublican ticket in the fiold In Cook County, Will you ba so kind asto fasert this in the columns of your valuable papor, in sa conspicuous a placona the charge was publlaed, Yours, vory reapectfully, Jonn L, Bevenrpar, Wo givo the Governor the bonoflt of a conspic- uous publication of tho abovo lotter with pleas- uro, Wo have purposely refrained from making any editorial commonts on tho subject-mattor of the letter until bo should seo proporto break silence sud speak in regard to it, What he now says raisos aquostion of veracity botweon him and Mr, Wruanp, tho oditor of the Post and Afail. It will bo recollected that the Post and AMait folks wore applicants before tho Common Council for the corporation printing. One of tho Aldormon to whom tho oditor of that concorn appHod for hia voto ond agaistance was Ald. R. B, Strong, of tho Fifth Ward. Whon tho Aldorman objected to supporting tho P. and Af, because it had “gono back” on tho Ropubticans in tho doaporate struggle Isat fall, and bad sup- ported Hxstxa, the oditor of the Post and Mail, Mr.'A. O, Witzanp, oxplainod to the Alderman the cause of tho unexpected, treacherous defoc- tion of his paper. Io doclarod that it was done at tho request of Gov. Beventpan Ald, Brows thug relates the conversation : Some threo wooks or moro ago Mr, A. O, Witnanp, tho editor of the Pustand Afaxt, camo around to my oftoe, Iwasnot tn, and holeft a lino asking me to come and seo him, “I sent my boy around to toll him that I wasalwaya in from 21 to 12:30 o'clock, Le came over, but, it being s timowhon lie was very busy, ho aald ho wished I could set some timo to call around athia place, I afd go over, and, in the course of tha conyorsation which followed, he broached the ssmae aubject of tho city printing, . . , I sald that I had been told that “Gov, Bzventpor had atoek in the paper, and I had aupposod that perhaps it might be partly owing to the Oovernor’s policy that they had aupported Hxsiwa, Mr, Wittaup said “Nos tho Governor bas no atook, and has had none, ie came up loro irr Octobor and callod at the office and sald, in the course uf the conversation with ine, that it tas nothing but a scrub race, and he guessed we might as toatl support Ursin oa the other snan,” But Ald, Bron is not tho only person to whom the oditor of tha Post and Mail mndo a similar explanation. He mot Mr. Wi1ax H. Hanrzg, and the following conyorsation paased between them : Mr, Hanrzn said 3 “Ono day, in passing along thosircet,I mot Mr. WriLanp, aud bo ald; ' Can't pe help mo some now in this city-priuting business?! said; *You know very well that I would bo plad todo you a favor, but the Infer-Ocean wants it also. Br, -Paumua is friendly to mo, and I am not in & ifion whore I would” Uke to tako part and help in favor of elther aldo. I don’t know that I have any influence any way, but if I did, Mr. Wrttanp, in this over to my Republican frianda, I would bo met with serlous objections, I havo alroady heard it intimated that thoy beliove that you might havo taken a different course last fall, Tom antistied the Iepublicaus will raise that question, and Tam not prepared to meet 43, bocause your reasons for taking the courge you did, “Now, Heidi, + will tel you tho fects abaus thats Tate aud I aro good Stepulicang, aud have been #0 all aloug, but, after the Republoan Convention lust atl, ov. Bxvanipar cana to our ofice and acid: ' This 18 going to be a serub race, anyway, and J (link you ean snake more capital by supoortine Sr, Mestva (han you tan dy supporting Air, Hivox.! ‘There waa nothiny con- fidentlal about this oxplanation, and, aa I took it, Le wanted mo to use that srgument ta meet any objec~ tions What anight be taxde to than on wocoant ‘of thalr ‘Those !ntorviows were published in Tax Tain UNE nearly a woek ago, and thoro bas appeared no donlal of the truth of their atstomenta in the Poat and Mail. ‘That tho editor, Mr, A. O. Wrt- Linn, told to Ald, Brons and Wittas H, Han. PED what thoy related to our roportor is unques- tlonably truco. Tho only thing to determine is whether he stated to them what Mr, Bryzninax said tobim, or whethor be atrociously lied on the Governor. Yas ho inyonted tho story ont of whole cloth and palmod it off on mambora of tho Common Council andothers? Mr, A. O, Wite Lanp io bls personal intorcourse with citizens is rogarded a8 & gentleman of truth and veracity, Wo have nevor heard any pergon ssy that Mr, Witrinp was in tho habit of coming to them with falschoods in bis mouth sbout his noigh. bore and acquaintances, and wo havo yot to Jearn that of hie character. But Mr, Beventpag esyein the above letter that * he not only did not edvise the Post and fail to aupport Mr, Husrva at tho last fall elec. won, but onthe contrary be protested sgalnss Buch & course," Protested to wham? Fle could hardly have * protussed ” to the Post and Afail without tho editor of that papor hoaring or knowing of it, But Mr, Wotaup declares that " the’ Gorornor came up here in Cotober, and cgllod ad the alice , |. promises of tho Spanish Government will ty arty in 2856—and hava nover voted, sup- ‘Tickot ” of of the Post and Afail,” and anid, *'{n the coursy of the conversation wit me, that it waa noth. ing but a acrub-raco, and he (Deventnon) query, ed wo (the Post and Afail fotka) might ” woll support Hesina as the othor m; and I (Dsventnar) think you can mas more capital by supporting Mr, Uzsine than you ean by supporting Mr, vox." Did Mr. A. O. Wittann invent all this for the purpose of destroying Mr. Baventpar with hts party? Has he beon going abont tho cj peddling such falschoods, and playing tho yi), lala on the Acting Governor? What motiry cond have actuated him to act so infamous, port? It ia now in order for the editor of the Poy and Mart to rise up and explatu, ——————— The attontion of pl! Enrope 16 now directeg to tho war in Ouba, which the Government of Spain hag announced ita intontion to crush ony of exiatonco immodiatoly, Tho announcomen in made with a cortain flourlal of trompota ang an offonaivyo tono of magnanimity which do not commend it to favorablo consideration, Thy London Times, in noticing it, saya that thy reasons for the rovolt in Cubs are apparent, ang inmates that tho justice of tho ineurgenty caueo fs undeniable, Thoy have boen donie nelf-governmont, and havo boen subjected tp eystematio opproasion and robbory at the handy of represontativeg of tho homa Gorvornmen, Moreover, tt Js too muok to expect that the folfiled, Tho Times saya “It would need, robust faith to voliovo that Spain will lsphay proofs of a capaolty to ruledepondenoilcs.” T, briofest catalogue of the outrages which Spiig has for gonerations imposed upon Cuba is any, fciont to awakon hyoly sympathy with the ip, gurgonte, sod rogres at the apparent ond yf thoir offorte. ——__. According to Br, A. N. Dat, a rocognized 4, thority in sanitary mattors, tho tenement hous cauno an approximato annual loss to New Yok # City of $6,000,000. This total ia reached by computing the valua of the Hvos lost by bi ventilation, dofoctive drainage, etc, the cost of medical attendance and funornls, and all thy yarlons oxpensos of wholesale dying. Dr. Bry argues furthor that the oxtensivo hospital sy. tom of Now York encourages rosidenco in ten. monts, and fs maintained chiofly for tho benesi of tho Inmates of tonements. ft is wy obvious from his figures that there is need of {oatant roform in some dircction, PERSONAL, Spoakor Korr suffora from want of oxercize, Ernost Longfollow, aon of tho poet, has re cently mado $8,000 from hia palntings. Ralph Waldo Emorson giyos notlco that tie. eta to his lecturos aro not for ale to reporten Clara Morris is aoriously ill with a disorder of tho lungs in addition to her old spinal con plaint. Emile de Girardin conneels the Franch tore. duco tho army, maintain peace with Gormany, and uphold the Republic, Belknap has gono up after “Tho Lite of Christ.” Porkaps ho'll como back with it vader his arm and ask us to ropont. The Indianapolis musical. people refused ty bear Von Bulow, and hia mauager lost $600 by tho concerta givon in that city. No man in woman's clothes over succeoded fa wearing 8 bustle in tho original pootical way, ‘That is what ailed tho Mardi Gras colobrations Cincinnati, Mrs. Thomas Hicks, the reputed fiancos of Geo. Schenck, sailed ror Europe Saturday week, bofora the Gonoral had fully dotormined tor turn to this country, Thoy will croas oach olhur on tho ocean, Macaulay was fond of his New Zealander, montioning him no less than three times in ths couras of his writings, The rosaon for his at tachment to the idea is supporod tobe that hy stole it from oarlior writers. Don Oarlos inherited $8,000,000 recently fron hie father-in-law, and he ia thus enabled to pay the debt of $1,000,000 which ho owos in Ex gisnd. fence the eagornesa of his friondsin London to obtain him a froo passage to thom, An amateur military company proposes to march from Grand Rapids; Mich., to Philadek phia, ts commomoration of the Centennial. Ibis fearal that many of those aeoda will fall by the ways? ¢, and bo takon up by the polico fort grancy. The Backrell familyand the Crozor family subscribed $107,000 to make good a doficiency ia the Baptist publication fand, caused by tho eres tlon of tho now and splendid building in Phik adolphis. The families aro historical In the Bsp tistannals. Gon. Bolknap has a aon 17 years of ago in ab tendanco upon tha Adams Academy at Quincy, Mass, Ho firat learnod his fathor’s disgrace by roading a newspaper in a barbor-shop, and wis so overcome by griof and nervous oxoitemert that ho was obliged to take to his bed. : contemnor of Joaquin Millor playfully cuses the post of having fallen in lovo with § girl at s railroad accident, and composed the fot lowing affecting couplot, under tho inapiration of the moment: aoa her before mo Ite senselozs and pals, ‘With her buatle rippod up on the ravenous rai Tho fashlon correspondents in Washingtoa who have bealobberea Mra. Bolknap, Dos Shepherd, and other lofty corruptionists, will find their occupation gone with the incoming of the now administration. Tho people proposo to have a return to satly modols of Republic simplicity, ‘Thoy tolla story in Now York of a man wh? ‘was Isto to dinnor, and, on bis arrival, was 1 cused of having three hands, one of them being alittle bohind hand. Afost of the politicians it ‘Washington nowadaya seem to haye little be hind hands, which seriously noed amputation No coyoring will eave them, Backwood's Magazine carefully reviews Lax artine'’s pootry, sad orrivos at the conclusion that his longer posma are, by this time, as des ag they deseryo to be. His short pooma, on th? othor hand, are expressive of tha gentler fet ing of the heart, and will for many years bold a placo in literature, and in the hearta of bis countrymon, Joaquin Millor aaw the typical wolf In the Capitoline in Romo; and he believed from tb? way tho Noman mothors pointed out the beastte thelr childron that they supposed it to be the {dentical wolf which suckled Romulus and De mus, ‘The wolf got ont of his cage one dsy and throw all Rome into paroxyams of terror. The poople thought tho, ravenous creaturo would de your them allina body. Butan English gootle man caught the nsaty little beast by the nape the neck, tucked him up under bis coat, sad te stored him asfely to his kooper. Then Rom ‘wan glad once more, and the wolf howled. MOTEL ABDIVALS, ‘Palmer Iowte—Alonzo Hull, Bt, Loula; 0. Fe E janes at prt Mitchell, Willsdale; O. J, Kershaw, Muwaukes ; A.B Kelly, Detrolt; ML ©, Wetmore, Bt, Louls; He ‘Moody, Thomas Auscomb, and W, B, Buckel, Roche» ter; P, 11, Alexander, Borton; BR, TR. Bawall, Bostoat 3.1L Brown, Youngstown, 0,; Frank Apeake, M40 chester, ng,; @. W, Calltich and J, W. Graves, Cree ton, lows, dud HE, 0. ‘Townsend sd 7. nN Penning, ‘Peoria; T. M, Davis, New York; J} Tatas: me Gor. 3: i Berertd pane Dovton; HA, Hatchins, Cleveland; fussell London; ¥. i Byers Fittaburgs Hy P, Car EW, Nash, Omalia; Loula Cohn, fall Lak Mead, BL, 3 8, In Paige, Moatoi Howsse—A. L, Boker, W. Fort Dodgo, Is.; H.C. Ye Tuomas, Fistterille, “Nets 5 ‘York... ner Elouse—! ‘Ont. Birt. pila Hew, Porter, Bs. 7 Pat or i in; 3, Ht, Obs: reuren) Hane Reyee whe a