Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 4, 1876, Page 11

» SCIENCE AND RELIGION. The Condition of the Larth’s Ins torior---An Argument in Ea. vor of its Solidity. (he Mosaic Account of tho Creation in the Light of tho Truths Re- venled in Nature. “fhe Dynamlo Influonco of tho Atmos« pheric and Surfaco Elemonts upou the Earth, Pust-Partioles and Ethor-Wavos: A Mis- reprosontation of Prof. Tyndall—- Tides and Heat, :THE CONDITION OF THE EARTH'S INTERIOR, ‘Mo the Fedilor af The Chieago Tribune + ; Curcaco, Fob, 28,—Dooa » conspiracy oxlat among sclentife sayans against tho world? Is it not, in fact, meroly a trick of theso wisoacres whereby to-rouso the commonplace, practical, unthinking masses Into an interest In tholr pot pursuits, that wo find thom, at frequont penods, evoking theories so outro, Bo startling ond alarming, 03 to immodiatoly arrest our atten- tlon? They may huyo diecuvercd that tho mangos aro nob inclined to follow thom into tho depths of Isborious rescarch and minute analy- eis, and keop by tholr side through yonra of so« eluaion in laboratories out of which puro Sclenco can alone bo evolycd, Thoy may havo realized that, tho deoper thoy delve, tho less inciined Ja the pubfio to follow them; and, honcoy thoy sot to building up, apprroutly, the inmost vision- ary and illogical theories of man's state and turroundings, to alarm thoir follow-boings, snd induco them, in tholr search after weapons of dofense ayainst those ecloatific gourmands, to gropo in the mazes of Scionco, which they would othorwive shudderingly avotd. Ont of como wild necessity of this kind among eciontluts, mavy peoplo will beliove, have beon propagated such neat outgrowths of earcastio fiction sa tho thoorios of pvolution ; dovelopmont of epocien; doxcent of life from s spars, lichen, casual gorm, fostering sporulo, protaplasm, or gorilla; and othora as amazing and alarming. Tho ost amnsing part of tha joko, however, is, that it is theao frisky, boax-croating sciontiste thomsolyos who are the worst hoaxed; thoy wit- nosd thoir structures of broad and piayfut fiction ongorly swailowoed by tho rast of tho world and engrafted on tho treo of puro and undofilod Beicnco, Among tho Ieast tenable of these amusing fic- tions of Hslenco, I fool inclined to pinco that which sesumos our osrth to conamt of o thin abell of solid matter, 20 to 80 miloa thick, or relatively of about tho thickness of no spplo- okin to tho fruit 1t covers, inclosing no interior -filled with flery, molten mattor. This, our an- ¢tont goologista must havo concluded in thoir joking mood, would create a livoly stir among nmavity, an outburst of wild iodination againat thom,and a seramblo after tho scieutiicoknowledga that would prove their assumption falc, whilo giving the people a taste a& the fount of truo solence. Nota bitofit! Tho world adopted, end » helf of it atill tonnolonsly otings to, tho assumption that it runs a bazard of burning 1ts elocking-solos if it lingora too long on ono spot, mmny light its cigar at tho volcanic Yont-holes of this self-fooding base-burmor, or drop into o do- , cidodty hot place at any moment, with as much amusing faith og it has sccopted that other broad joke of the savans, abogt our closo rela- tion by family-tios to tadpoles, monkeys, and cboeso-mites ; or that of our very distant groat- grandfather having boon whieked hero on 5 comet's tail from some other planet, in tlio shapo of sualamandor, Moy not the stabbornnoss of these bollevers in an igneous origin of the earth bo, after all, to convince the theologians of tho ego, who hayo been surreptitiously sttomptiog to hide away thoir promise of a flory futnre among other discarded rubbiah of crouds, that tho people of tho world will not be cheated by ony subterfuge out of thelr due proportion of burning? Tho boltef in the molten condition of the earth's interior fa besed upon ths thoory of tho forma- tlon of our globe from a condensing nobulo of intonuoly-heated yas, gradually osuuming tho form of 5 molten mass, of which the covstitu- ents of granite form tho principal nuclous,—tho primitivo or tirst fraino-work of rock-atructure ; aud that a thin outer Iayor of this matter covladl. and formed acrust over tho molton een, thus bringiug into oxistonca tho prevent habitable earth, The main tenct of thia belicf Is at onca din Proved by the vomparativoly recent developmenta of thermodynamics, which utterly oyorthrow tho fiypothesia of flery ovbnious matter, and tho possibility of condongation {fn thisntate. Thy hebule in themsclyes could have originated no heat oxcopt by altrition whon alroady in a uolid form ; while, by tho aid of spoctrum anolysie, sto ecoure tho knowledgo of tho impoueibility of tho oxistonco of homogencous heated nebulm. Hither horn of the dilomma presents to tgneons- ent thooriste tho destruction of their doctrine + if tho heat-theory is clung to, tho nebular origin of tho carth must be discarded; if the nebular theory ‘ig porsisted ‘fn,’ ite condition of floroa heat aud condensation must be utterly abandoned, ‘Tho Inws of tho Correlation of Forces give additional svidenco, if any were roquirod, that tho mochanical mo tion prowaged by tho igneous nobular theory is dn direct contlict with all natural law. ‘Iho argumonta of internal-Leat thooriats upon. tho striclly-physicul phenomous of tha carth arc ne unfortunate in thoir oysumptions, f1o- quoutly disproving lenote that thoy nook to os- tablish, Thoy prosumno, on the erroncous bollof in tho molten origin of the globo, that boatis a snateriat substanco, requiring to pass off futo @paco boforo tho carth can cool; whereas, it {a DO More a matorinlsubstunca than gravitation, anotion, or maguotisu, but bs worely a condi- don of mattor ; aod, to this caso, instond of pasy~ ing off fromthe earth, 1¢ would, by gradual chomtoal influence, havo become flxod, or latont, or desd, until called into activity again by the soparating aud warring upon each othor of tho atoms of & disintegrated world, Bul, supposing it wore possible for the cooling process to bogin first at the surfaco, then, on tho ea (ablighod trath that oll sabatances (water in tho forin of joo Blono oxcopted) inorenge in done eity and welght os their beat diminishes, would ‘aot tho cooler portion bo the first to sink from. tho surface towards tho centro? Cordier and othor intorual-heat thoorlats bayo variously catimated tho tompornture of this sup- posisitious molton-contro of thu oarth at 450,000 to. (00,000 dogreos Fahronholt, Now, doos, tho law of oalorio bear this out? Wo know that a pieco of inetal immorsed ino crucible with the esmo metal reduced to o molton state must sutfor im- mediate chanao anit diminution by molting; that # ehatam of Ico cannot retain ite form and shape Athen droppod into boiling water; aud thot s crealble of melted iron cannot be ralscd abova tho molting tomiporature of iron while a choot of tho unmolten metal floatsin ft. Tow, therefore, Auay & crust of earth romaia tinchanged, roating ‘Upon & waded of fluid Lost, constant and unway- cring, having a temporature s hundrod times wbove that at which all the matorials com- priviug thiv: crust would mole? Low doos the law of Hydrostutlos agroe with it? Tho thin crust of cooled rect, carth, Would not withstand tho tidos of a molten sos, Loating. with a 4,000-milo swoop = syningt ite alimyy ehotl, long enough to have ono of thesa thooriaia toll us about it, How beara tha law of Dynamica upon it? A globe cluefy molten could not romain unchanged in shape, a8 ours hos dono, throogh as many goconds as youre Lavo paesod einve tty formation, What xaye tho iaw of Moltou Matters? Acooling substance taust contract; but our earth hud not soneibly contravtod within tho » poriod of inau’s existence, And what teaches homistry? ‘he mutters formlng the oarth’s cast, which wo aro askod $0 believo are the cooled forms of tho globe's Sontral molton matter, are composed of olomenta Which would bo dostroyad—i, v., thrown into Fautly-ditforont combinations and fornis—by tho action of ignoous influences, But internal. aa inerlats refer ua to tho ag- 0 corth's crust i pono- . Whilo even thelr own savane widely Weawroe as to the oxtens of this inercaso, in thoso latter days of deep artosian wolls thoro aro Quite os many suthentio facts on which fo base an aseuiption of Lucreaued cold towards tho centre, or lo form tho contrary beliof. Vhere thore docs occur an increase of heat fo wuafte or minoy, it can be accounted for, more According to natural conditions, by a simple law Of philosophy, yiz,; heat by compression of the Mmosphere, than by reforring it to anything go bypothoticsl as an {utorior world of fire, tmaui- foxting itgolf ina heatod crust. A conviccing trldouce of this is had in tho rocout iur atta Gus of several German sayanu, who, b+ rogue ey the atmogphoria prowsure at tio bottom aud motal, ‘oop Lore to the guage oxisting at the Kure f tweon Belonco and Leforiy," or Lain: ‘hee wf. , THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, MARCH 4, 1877~TWELVE PAGES, face, found ssaresnltm lower temporntnra hy G& togh dogreos than tho ;nurfaco tompera- tro. My,own experience, jn many of tho degport workings in our awn andother conntries, has convinced mo tuat much of the heatin minos fy lo be sccountod for through focal causes, euch a4 modes of ventilation nud tho chomicnl combinationa and condonantions of tho cloments of rock, vapors, oto., encuuntcrad In tho work 1. Wo aro next roforred to tho phenomens of earthquaKos and volcanos. ‘Moy linvo not tho romotest relation to o molten condition of tho earth's Interlor, but owa thoir existonco to tho prosenco of thormal intluencoa, which ara known to penotrato the matters of the carth juntas for as air aud water porcolato,—no forthor; thu prowsuro of fmnionso Bupérincumbent strata up- on this oir ond alters tho golvont powor of waters whon thus heated ; their chemical action ag valine solutions, and tho dissolving of atmoa- phoric elements Into thom ; the roaction of aub- staticoa thus combined on others, and tho gon- oration of olectric tharmal powers, Earthquakes nod volcanoes aro simply tho vatvoa, wloroby Naturo purifies Ler grand chemical laboratory, down {on the oarth’s crust, of its surplus gascd J and olotnonts ; whilo tt Jaoura on uncoaringly at soporating ond comblutng, tearing down and pudding Over. If this woro othorwteo, if tho purgo of carbuqualos and tha vomiting of volca- noos wore the outthrow of a molten intorlor, how long would the golid crnat stand? Puno a hole ina atoam-boiler, aud would it be many minutes until the ria of etoam would toar tho punctured sholl eaundor in {ts frantio cacapa, as was proven when tho bollors of tho Mound Cit and Esuex sore ponotrated by Habel sholty And how, if Btromboli and itssistor-yolcances aro mouth-piecos of tho grant molten sea, may wo, on the same hypothesis, account for tho ejection from them of water, mud, shotl-tiah, twiga ot vog= otation, and fossils evon ; or that tho Lent of vol- catiocs, in most caves, scarcoly oxcocds that of a Dlacksmith's forgo ? Lastly, thoy refer ua to granite as the cooled form of tho central molton matter, and of which nine-tonthys of tho oarth’s crust, go far os ponc- trated, is formed. Had they argued from an ab- sence of gravite, they would ave presonted s atrongor clous of tho Foto ie among tho most recont, forming iteel froquently ovorlying tortlary and drift strata. Ita spocitio gravity.is 2.3, proving ita origia from aqueous solntion, ay, 1f formed by igneous ac- tion, it would possess as differant specitic gravity ities been found to contain io direct of 2.6, avsociation, in its compononts, motata which would have been vaporized at aless hont than that necosanry to melt it. Water-marks havo becn detected in it; and it lina*beon found to And, Jsstiy, {¢ bas beon manu- factnred by aqueous solution {1 the laboratory. And now, a8 if to nally seal the demonatra~ tion, itis proven, by a long eorica of observa- tions and calculations, undertakon to dotormine tho degrco of elastic siolding of tho solid carth undor tho tide-genorating influence of oun and mivon, thattho asunoption of au intorior filled with molten mattor is absolutely untonablo, Wore it true, tho solid crust would slold with at- moat os porfect freedom os if it were porfectly liquid, and its bonudary would rigo avd fall up- der the tide-gonorating influence, oqual to tho resont tidal movements of the Lodies of water, joaving to the oye an offect similar to tho cessation of cur prosont tides. ‘ho facts ac- contain foueile. quired in these investigations, whon mathomati- cally carricd out, show thats globo of gloss, of the size of our carth, and surrounded by similar conditions, if solid to tho contro, ond .of tho sano rigidity throughout, would prove as olastio and yloid ad readily sa at Indla-rubber bat! to tho tide-generating influence. Dynamical osti- matos of the agrcomont of precossion and muta tion, founded on tho belief of the earth boing solid and porfectly rigid throughout, estabtisheu tho fact tat tho oarth 1a, in reality, rigid to us central core, nad composed throughout of solfd, unliquified, and unmotten rock,—moro unyiold- ing, mndeed, than the samples of rook-formation tha dinin- tegrating influences of the atmosplore have at- reaching usin our Inboratorics after tacked them, * Ounnny Jaares, THE OREATION. Te the Editor of The Chicuge tribune: Derconar, Io, Fob, 29.—Why this silenco on Mr, Nodgman's part? Mas his offorts to sup- port that *'Itock" boon too miach tor him, or whatis the matter? Perhaps ho is proparing to crush us ell byons blow of that‘ Itock.” Now, euppose wo look into the Mossic account of the Creation, and co whoro tt is contrary ta tho truths rovoaled tn Natnro, and whero it fs in ac- cordance with them. Inono of his lattors, Mr, Todgman spoakse of the ossumptions mado by Prof. Proctor. sumptions. Lho first verseof Genesis saya: ““In phe beginning God mado tho benvons and tho earth." lero wo havo a distinct creation of something ont of nothing, This is im- possible, “Know, first of all, that nothing can spring fcoin nonentity.” ‘fhe second verso esya: ‘And tho carth was without form and yold.” Geologists aupposo tho corth to havo beon void st tho timo known og tho Azoic ogo. 1t is proper, boforo taking up tho six days of the Croation, to 62e whethor it is moant to bo atx lt- otal dayy of tiotty-four hours cach, or six agos, ‘Tho Nov, H. W. Morris, fn-hin work antitted “Selonce aud the Biblo,” trios to prove that thoy Ho snya that Moses under wero Jitoral days, stood them os auch, and meant his roadors should, and God refors to them as ltoral days in the Commandments given from, Mount Sinai, If we oall thom six agee, aro wo not patting ina theory of our own, that we havo no right to? ‘Therefore I thiur literal days aro meant.’ But Jot us sco about the first day. On tho firat day, **God entd, ‘et thoro be Ught,' and thors was light” If light was creatod on tho first day, whoro did it como from? ‘Tho sun was wot created until tho fourth day, ‘Pho Hoy. flr. Borris oyaim triew to prove that the sun was croatod long Lo- fore, by giving the meaning * appointed” to the word made,” whoro it is usod in the sixteonth vorso, Dut weare Srprouly told that the sun waa mndo on tho fourth day,—that fs, croatod on tho fourth day. On tho fifth and wixth days, tho living things were croatod, and also man. Now, tho quogtion comes up: Wero auimala uroated, or wura thoy dovcloped? Dsop stady aud ob- servation have led men to bolicve that antmale woro developed. Nothing fa cronted inatan- taneously now, bat we soo the dovelopment theory domonstratod oyery day, Man dovolops, aud vo do tho lower anitoale, How doss the oarth como out undor tho study of Geology? ‘ho flrat or Azule Ago iy 350,000,000 years fong; tho Silurian, Doyonian, aud Carboniferous ayos, togather called tho Pateozoio age, 30,000,000 years long ; tho Reptilian or Bfesozolo ago, 9,000,000 years Tong; tho Mammalian or Conozoio ago, 3,U00,000 yous tang. ‘Lho ageot Manas beon about 000 yoars long,—porliapa more, ‘hore was A period Binco mun appoarcd on warth, callod tho Ctont lee age. Romnins of primitive man show that ho oxisted boforo, during, and after this ago, ‘The discoverica in the caves of Vranco, the lako-dwoillngs of Switzerland, and tha sholl- hoapa of Donmark, ull go to prove the antiquity ofman, ‘Tho akull of thoso cave-mon, aa thoy aro callod, lis yory Joug. ood has a low forchoad, —showing that bis intotleet was a little better thau nothing, and that ha had a low dogroo of morality. Ho was inadoprco of civilizution lower than any raco at prosont. I will hero quoto 8 fow sontencas from Drapor'a * Higtor of tha Conflict botwoen Science aud Koligion,"’ page 109; 3 8a far oa Investigations bave gone, they indisputably rofer tho existence of man tow date reutotw from us by many hundreds of thousands of yours, It raust bs Dornu 1h intnd that these duveatryallons aro quite ro. cent, und confined to a very Umited geographical pace, No rovearches lave ‘yet been wade in those Tenons which might reasonably be regarded as tho primitive habitat of man. Woare thus carcled Mhinearurably boymud the 6000 yoars of Tutristlo chronology, “It 1a ditlloult to avslyy a shorter dato for tho Isat gluctation of Jurope than a quarter of a mill fon of yeary, and hutnan extatenoy antedates that, ‘Dut not only ha tt thiy yrand fact that confroote us,— Wo Lavo to sdintt also o primitive auuuolized stato, ands glow, o gradual development, But thir forlorn, thie savage coudition of humanity fa iu strong oon: trast {othe parudtdlacal Lapp {rites of the Garden of Eueo, and, what 14 tar mory serious, $48 Jucouslatent with tho tleory of thu Full, Now, what conclusion mast we arrive at? Ono or tho other must bo untrue, Which is the bot- tor substantiated? ‘ho autiquity of man is proved by Goology and Valuontology, What proves tho Diblo account? It is said that Dowes ‘roto these beokw,—the Peutstouch,—but this isdoubtful, Again, at tho time of the Babylo- nian captivity, all tho sscrad writings of ‘tho Jewa were burnt, and, many yoars after, Ezra, aided by flvo others, wrote thom all agsin iu tho wpdoo of forty days (eco 2d Exdras, {4th chap- ter). In fact, all wo know about the Biblo ac- count ig on houreay ovidenco. Now, sul) we believe & very doubtful story 3,000 yoars old, or & moro recont ouv thut doos not contradicts It- self, and is not in oppouition to tho lawa of Nature? I wonder if Mr, Tod eas ovor read any books Byolnwt tho Obristran thoology,—uvuch books, for fustance, aatho "History of the ind for belief. Ho far from granite being of igneous origin, its structure aud con- atitiouts are directly in controvorsion to origin from miolton heat, which toulu utterly Lave do- wtroyod ita clomonts, ite form and nature. Grau- ito, in placo®f boing tho first of rocks,—the pu- constantly out of the wodimontary aud stratified formations by aqueous solution, and But tho Bible slso makoy a Tinaton"”? Palno taeatiod an Athotst, but he Dotinvad In God. Ho held that the only tre revyolation we bad frora God was Nature. If Hodgminn nover bins read such books, Ict him do ‘fo, and get sone more modified gud ronsonable viows on thia pubject, Noligioulate say that wo havo human roaron, and are, therafore, liable to mato, and do make, many mistakos, But what elso havo wo? It was a liuman boing that wrote tho Dible, and their orgumont rebounds an them= solves. Wo must live according to tho dictates of our reaeon, autl not raly-wholly on what aomo other man bas told us, it, W. Cooter. SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL HEAT. To the Kuitor of The Chteaga Tribune Rocugsren, Minu., Fob, 28.—Tho dull busl- ness soasou, and the partially dissolved acd stoning condition of tho surface of the earth, aro favorablo to the oconuidoration of theories of croation in a“ nobnious” light; and, like othor of your correspondonts, I feo! it borua ib upon mo to make somo suggestions,—atate a theory, tn fact, which may not bo woll sot up or dofendod, nud cortainly cannot bo easily provad. Ono of your corraspondonts assorts, and offers {o prove in womo manuor, that thor, or what wo have supposed to bo apace in our planatary system, hag weight and reslstanco; that boat is radiated from tho sun, and reachon the oarth by sustained waves in that medium, Will ho oxplain why thoaa radiant waves do not warm cortain conspicuous mountatu-tops which aro commonly cloudices; sod also tho moon, whiols iaunderatood to be uttorly cold? ‘Tho moon enjoya an unooloudod day af some 950 hours, with incessant wave-boats of sunaluno through all that day, and knowa no warmth. If atmoephoro ts nocossary to the developmont of solar heat,—if the sun's ray givey no warmth or life without {t,—thon tho solution may best ‘bo sought in that direction, The problom Is not likety to bo caaior hy Introducing an unknown and intangible force. But if, as hos bean asserted, tho spaco between the ocarth ond sun ia void, tho diatanoo ia abotished, and the atmosphere of tho earth prac- tically touches that of tho aun, wo rocognizo a compliance with Iaws of porfoct economy of ost and fores. If the sun imparts more hoat than his planets reccive,—if bo radiates beat ond force tuto space,—then Natura is absurdly wasting hor capital, and wo are loft to wondor that tho b pean sustained until now. 0 busluose hn: Howoror, that is not what { propose to write about just now; but it serves me long enough to got you by tho coat-button for a little interview upon tho dynamic iniluencs of tbo atmospheric and surface cloments tipon tho carth, Bloat people accopt the opinton that tho oarth wos at ono timo iucandoscont; many peoplo claim that the carth and ita atmasphero contain ovory atom of ponorablo matter which {¢ evor lind, —tho conditions and relations may have changed, but nothing has bocp lost; snd tt is belloved by some peoplo that, down to tho time whon our planot bogan to sesumo solidity as o giche, with a red-hot glowing surface, all the water aud pondorabla gases which are now con- tained within tho oarth wero compolled to oc- cupy atmospherlo relations to it, with o pressure upon tte surfaco a thonsand-fold greater than thatoftho prosont. All this apparent oxcess bas hoon talon in by tho cooling and thirety ree! Prof. Youmans says: "Tale the woight of the earth's erust ta oxygon.” Prof Hitchoock reports an analysis showing the portlons of wator in all svailablo apocimons to bo from 1-5 of 1 por cent to 20 por cont. Granite and kin- dred Azoic rocks generally contain abaut 1 por cont of water, Now, astuming the cuoled crust of tho cart to be 5Y milos in thickuest, the amount of water #0 absorbod by the rocks, if nuw oxpolled, would fnondato all points below 3,000 foct of elevation above thie coa; which is vory likely the amount of water npon the globo in the Silurian period, Again: Avuuming the wolxbt of bale the thickuoss to be oxygen, of an carlior period oc- oupying atmoaphorio relation tu the carth— 25 miles, or oven 18 miles if you profor, in depth of ponderablo matter of the woight of grouito rock,—and you can have overy dcgroe of nent as o rogult of tho forco snd prousuro of such an atmounhere, sidod bythe eun's rays, Itisossy to imagine tho slow advance of op portunities for air-breathing life; and the in- tenusost types of Tropical life were gasping in tho boat of tho Polar Circles wiilie tho ‘Tropics wore yot iutolorablo for any life beyond marive plants aud moliuskes, This process of giving from tho alrand water, ond drinking in by tho rocks,—thia loading- down anu storing-up,—hes never cosacd through all tho millions of years wince the hardening bo- gan; aud i¢ may bo worth our while to wee nome of tho rosulta of au unevon stowayo of the load, Thero are intorior heat-currents: with tolerably fixed ond defined rontes; and the earth's Burface over these curront-routes would, of course, be Jongor coollng than elsewhoro, and, thoraforo, slowor to absorb tho ponderabto gag, The large plains-or surfaco uniffectod by heot-currents would in timo become, by their greater acquired weight and rapidity, os the plates of a crustacean. ‘Those, by their alwaye- increasing burden, sink slowly upou and into tho softer intertor, and drive an cquivatont of fuaod or yiclding mattor up and out at the weakor places in tho crust; cortaluly this out- burst would be aloug the Jinos of tha hoat-cur- rents, and the nuturos bebwean tho armor-plates thor give birth to mountain-rauges, Holos and erevicos in these sutures, which remain un- chokod by thoir own dobris, survive ng voleanocs, ‘Chis condition of progrosa ty not of tho post only ; thoro ia no halting point in the procoas of absorption, aud the slow sloking and rising of plsing and ridges by unogusl rates of at- moupheric supply. Tho plauct is fully capablo of containing the last pound of ponderablo fluid, visiblo and invisible, which yot romains in surfaco-notivity. Ivory lifo-throb, overy oxcr- tlon of force in Buy direction, aasista to the ultimate quict and reet,—an’ equilibrium of forcos,—-such as the moon, owing to ite losser sizo, is bolioved to havo alroady roached; a cute dition absolutely lifeloss and cold. Dead? Perhaps it may then be la the condi- Sou: of grentont perfection and promiso to tha oye of tho Croator ; a mingazino of stored forces capa- blo of othor millions of yours of better life and activity, if the percussion is suppliod which will again drive out tho tmprisonod gasca ito at- niosphoria condition, ‘The onrcor of planty, wholly indopendent of the quostion of thvir origin, may then be enggosted se running in eyclos, any ono of which comprises ; 4'trst—An oxplosion, mild or sovero according to yonr favoy. Second—A poriod of a for milltons of years, fn which the wreck of matter slowly solldilos, aud rostores iteolf by affinitios of its parts; dar- ing which many formes of fife oro favored by the condition of tho atinosphere,—ay mon, auimala, oud plants. Zhird—Tho porfected, balanced globe, stored or Joaded up like ordnanco-sholls, to be oxplodud only upon duo occasion, Who shall eay that the Crestor may not liko His plancte best in that condition, and rondor the lout the main and longest stage of thoir ox- istence? Who knows? We “DR. TYNDALL ON SPONTANEOUS GENERA: TION," To the Editor of Tha ChMeago Trtbune: Curcaao, Feb, 28.—Undor tho above heading, your pspor of Feb, 19 contalny a short article from tho London Athenzum, in which Prot, ‘Tyndall {s mado to way that iilterod air, or ole which has beon confined in a tight room for aey- eral days, wheroby it would bo dlterod by tho duut wottling to tho floor, will not * transit” Ught; ond this {doa is eovoral timos repeated,— otberwiso it might bo prosumed to bavo been a typographical orror or 4 slip of the por. Now, with all doforonco for the Atheneum and the writer of tho article in quostion, allow me to aay that Prof. ‘Tyndall nover sald any such thing, do is also madoto vay that tho dust oud othor Particles of matter floating in tho air will ro- Hock nd eater thy light, which ig truco, ond in this woy we are made consclous that, notlight, but ono of the slementa of light, tho ethor-wayou, aro passing through a room, thoy belng reflected by those dust-parti- clva out of thoir direct course to the oyo; thdro- a8, if thore wora no duat-particles tho ethor- waves would be transmitted through a room un- obutructed, aud nothing would ba eocn of them. But to sey that on atwosphoro inate thus paca would prevent tho tranumiseion of light, 14 an abe surdity of whivh Prof, ‘fyndall was novor guilty, Duat-particles in ale wil! roflect and ecattor ly bk ‘They novor ald in trangmtting it; but, by thor Provence, wo are enabled ty soo tho light by re- Hoction of the uther-wavea, G. P. Hanpacz, To the Editor of I'he Chtoago Tribune Evanuroy, Vob, 29.—Popular accounts pt Physical experiments ato liable to contain gross errors, Bo with tho extract in Haturday's ‘ain. Uxg fron an article {a the Londva Atienwum on ‘Tyndall's oxporiments on‘ Spoutanoous Gonora- tiou." A full, aud doubtleaa 4 correct, scoog nt of tho same, 1s found in Nature tor Jan. 37, Tho oxtract roforrod to atates that alr, purified of floating particlos of matter, will not (runemi¢ light. Nothing could be farther from tho truth, if traustnite it undey such circumstances almost ‘Tho oorrect utatemont- ts, that porfecily. alr, thud purified, dora nat reficct- light, Ilenes, = & ~~ concentrate? beam, bent through a vorsol of alr mot containing floating particloa of mattor, docn not iluminaso tho interior of tha yeaso!, because tho alr con- tainod thoreiu holds no matter in auspension by which light may bo roffoctad to tho oye of tho observer, It then fransmils the light, but dooa no reflect it, Allow smoke to enter tho vouuol, or condense tho vapor juto a little cloud by ox- paniing the alr quickly, and frmediately tho beatn of light fa a%n tracking Ita way acroas tho vossol, rovoaling theroby tho proxence of sumo- thing bostdes alr. Prof. ‘I'yndal’a exporimonte, which appesr to Rivo tho death-blow to “ Spontaneous Genera tion,” are of gront loterent and importance, and ought not to be burdened with euch Iuaccuracica ag tho writer in tho Afhengxen tau fallen inte. M8, Cantsnt, MATTER AUD SPIRIT, To the Rditor of the Chteaun Tribune; Curcado, March 1.—Not knowing whether Mr, Tlodgman, or anybody olac, intend to auswer tho boldand doflant challongo mado by Mr. G. Eekford ''to tho faith{nl,” in sour isauo for tho 19th inst, I ask the pertnisrion to answer throngh your paper the gontleman [ny question in an indirect way, 08 followu : I suppose tho gontloman, Mr. Eckfard, will agree with moin thle: If thero ins God, IIo 1a alao the creator of everything that oxiuts. con- sequently, it all had a boginning, becauso boing created; but the Lord Himself had no begin- ning, becauso Ho is {nfinite and eternal. m- mannel Stedenborg, in treating of the creation of tho Univorse, saya thus: " From Ils Lovo, through Hia Wisdom, tho ‘Tord croatod tho world.” Now, tho Love and Windom in the Lord cannot bo anid tobo “nothing,” although it must bosaid itis not matter; but it created matter. If we can conceivo of nothing but mat- tor, Wo cannot be oxpectod, in judging of tho Universo, to arrive at any other conclusion than Mr. Eokford has arrived ot, namely : that mattor Ia eternal ; that nothing but matter oxists; con- goquently, no God tho Creator. Bat it muat be ovidont to any reflecting mind open for convic- tion, that matter, in any form ur existence, is only an outward dressing of upiritual thinge, or is serving spiritual onda ; and that mattor, ttnlesn oxisting for that purposo, could not possibly ox- Jot at ail, as belng thon without purpese or yaiuo, Life, whethor in man, animals, soads, or plants, ia not matter. Tuo matorial bodies of cithor form no part of the life thoy inclose. Tho life may .dopart, but tho ody romaine. Life, ‘therefore, is an immaterial* power, a sptritual thing, possessing certain proportins ood capacities,—cqualities which nothing elso fp the creation possesses, It cannot be said, or proved, that lifo is s chem- feal phenomonon, becauza Scicnes bas one- ceeded, or may succecd, in discovoting tho par- ticular substencos, or compouing parte, of tho differont matorial bodies in which tho lower orders of lifoimpart themselves. Such dixcov- erloa prove nothing but that life, being spiritual, neods, in ordor to exert its power and influence in tha material world, to cover iteelf with a ma- torial body, sorving the purposos for which tho particular lifo to {ntroduced ia dostinoda to perkaran, whothor in tho auimal or yogetablo ingdoos. If mattor in cternal, as Mr, tuckford- inslste,—if nothing but matter oxists, consa- quently no Creator and Ruler of the Universe,— than what in life,—in ren, for instance,—and its many wonderful properties of iutelligonce, feal- ing, ‘and passions ? ut life—real, spiritual Nfo—exists, and Mr. Eckrord himeelf ia a suficiont proof theroof. I don't believe him to be '!nothing” but a product of matter and chemical forces,—n crcea- ure which any chemist not farhoueo may pro- duce, son and body, fn his retort,—becausa ho would ot then be able to reason in motaphysie- al logto, or hairsplitting, na he does, Will Mr. Eokford pleavo oxploin : Can matter produce moral laws, priuciples, or training ? Aro these laws and principles, sro will and undor- standing in man, material or chomical products ? What material combinations, if any, produce the iuevitabio consuquonce that evil in man punishes (tsoif, und is furthermoro punished ; and that tho good in man rewards fteelf, and is further- more rewnrded,—truths proved boyond a roason- able Soule by the biatory and experience af tho world The Biblo tolla us that God is a Spirit ;" that Ho “catfoth thoso thiogs which bo not as though thoy woro ;" and that Ho is Omnipros- ont, Almighty, ote. But Mr. Eckford informe uu that ho doesn't botiovo in the Hible. Vory well; but he belioves in the real existence of inatter, and in himsolf, his own wisdom and in- tolligence. Let him, thon, study himself snd matter more closely,—not merely contenting himeolf with oxamining that part of tho Croa- tion whieh lie can seo, hear, and feol, but ox- nmining also the goveral ordors of lifo (bis own in particular), oud the sovernl myaterinia quali- (ea and propertios of the saiio ; and I hope, if ho in in carneat ond in reality, looking for truth, that be will not only bo rowardod with moro light and o botter undorstending of the Crea- tion, but also will givo his kied consent to tho existence of tho Creator EHitmsolf, because Ho has calted him to boiny,—which, I beliove, ix the only roason Why Ar. Eekford now exists, ‘to anewer properly, ecntcnce for sontenco ; tho argumentation of fir. E. in his articlo im question, would necosasrily requiro more pace than Tim Tsinuxc reasounbly can be expected to pormlt. Iwill, thorefore, only add to tho abovo the following: In tho spiritual world, as Tunderstand ft, thoro enn be no space nor tint (not, at lenst, in the ecuse space and timo aro mensured in tio matorial world), but — sta! Spaco and tmo bolong only to the. material workt, Consoquoutly, ta tho epiritual world, evorything: roquired must bo prosent to tho spirit, accord: ing to his stato, without tho spirit himself being overywhore like the Lord, Who alone i4 Omn- Pronents of which truth concerning tho spirit, hn flight of onr thought gives us an tuadequate jon, Mr. E. gaya, In the conclusion of his wrticlo “If God is mfuite, Wo has no itolligence ; for intelligence is only possible whero comparison dy posetblo, oud that which fs Infinite can naver como togather to bo compared, I leave tho faith- ful to Imagine what kind of an All-Wieo Muler To would make without intelligence.” L answer: Tho Tord is not ouly juiloite, but Ile fg also tho very Intelimenco from which alone allinteligencea aro intolligent. ‘True, nothing in the Creation can, in any sonus or revpect, be compared with the Croator; but Ican sco no sound rendon why that sould deprive tho Lord of His intoltigeuce or of auy of His attributes, C. 0. Lexpprna. “Properly apeaking, chernical forces, of whatever Gexcriplion, aro uot immuaterfal, tn the true ecnse of thotorm, ‘They esn be fell, aud eomotitues Hauielt OF tasted, although not soon, aud are rimply products of comblbed munterial wubslaucea in ethereal form, aud Gherofore materia}, “TIDES AND HEAT,” To the Buiter of The Chteano ‘Tribune: Craton, Is,, Yob, 29,—In your inane of tho 12th lust. 1a an article uudor the above head, from the pen of “0, I.,""in which ho ridicntes tho prevalouttheory of tides and heat Asbo bolioves in brevity, I will bo bricf. If his ob- jection to tides is valid, a stono that is lifted from tho grotnd losea ita wolght. ‘Tuo fact of tho moon's attraction rolling tho tides around tho sarth does not in any iaanner ailect gravity, os"U. L" will soo tf ho Jooks at tho matter closely. As to heat, if hia theory of beat were correct, the hoat of wintor would be moro in- tense thon that of summior, becauga tho rars of light trevel farthor throngh the atmosphere, iu reaching the surface of tho oarth, when thoy fall obliquely than thoy do when thoy fall perpendic- ularly. Yet, when tha sun is directly overhead, our experience proves it to bo warmest. If tho writer will read up, ho will find that both lta ideaa have provaited iu yoars past, and beon over- throws uy sotual exporiment, G, Bok Secretary Bristow in the War, Au Indiana correspondout of the Cluciunatl Commercial tolls au anocdote of Becretary Bria- tow iu connection with ina sorvico in the War, Tho correapondont was a priyuto in an Indiaue rogtmont, and Uristow was Liontonant-Volunol ino Kentucky regiment, brigade at tho battio of Fort Donelson, ‘tho writer continasa; ‘Yhare suddenly burat forth, from one right a roar which I could hava sworn came from 40,000 muskets, It afterwards proved thas, owing to tho doilertion of onr guiding aco oficor, we had turned too far to the left, gud got quartering noarly between two rebel Drigadon. “At (his now discharge 1 saw four or five Kentuckians drop all toyethvr, and ono quito poar mo jumped high in tho air, iia blood and brains spattering tha snow. It is, porhaps, une bocossary to tay that l waa ‘domoratizod,’ For ono minute the Kentuckians stood. ‘Then the first two cr threo meu on the right turned; thea &# dozon next to thom; then tho first company, aud immodiately both rogimenta ran right over Us—this so #uddeuly that some of our men wore trodden on,—anid inutantly we were up and. after them, all ina mad rush for tho rear. Vor five minutos the bellow was filled with o die ordcrod mass, in which nvltbor company nor roginiont was distinguishable, ‘Che oMficors then exerted thomsolves, aud, aa tho mou were youn outof breath ronuing up tho next slope, thoy fell tittle by jittlo into ranks, mechanically, as ‘wolhdritied soldiors will. ‘Irampled by the tint rush and loft hobind iy tho Lotlow, way sul. ‘Thoy wore in tho paino making good timo up the slope, when I ran nygninnt Col. Bristow, who had rallied a pintuon or two. Fixing oe blazing oyo on uA, ho ro- marked omphaticallyt 'This is d—d pretty conduct, aud tho firét timo Moonlers have rin in thin war.’ ivory Indiana eoldior will recogniza in the etaphasia on ‘thie," that doticato alluuion to Buena Viet, which wasn sore aubject with ua beforo the Inte War. Well, wo reformed at tho top of the ridge, went into action again, and I heticvo tho official report ways the brigade bo- haved well.” {OWA, Capital Puniahment—tncest—Snicides —A Prolific Womnn, Avectal Correspondence of The Chicago Tribune, CAVITAL PUNIBUMENT. Drs Morxra, Ia., March 2.—Thore ta evidently majority of tho Legiaslaturo in favor of rentcr- ing the death-penalty, and the bill which bas been before the House for four days {a prociacly tho xame law which was repeated four yoars ago. to savo tho neck of Htanloy, tho Ktory-County murderer, who was to havo been hung tho very day tho law was ropealed, and bis lifo was saved only by the quick trip of a special messengor. ‘Tho oppononts of tho bill have fought it in every pousible way known to parliamentary tactics, hoping to cecata a disgust for tho wholo thing ond pet it tnid on the toblo; but the bara tmajority of two persistently atuck, and finvo at ivat worried them out, after poawerlite the roll-cail to overy motion tha opposition could juvent. Igivo you some specimens: Irwin, of Joc, movett the oxcention should not be carried fuse offect for ninety-nine yeats after sentence, instead of one year ad the Lill provides, ond derianded the ayes aud noos, Another member offered the tollowimy, aud demauded thd ayo aud woes : ‘That a clergyman shall be employed to attend upon {he criminal, and, whenever he shall report to the Sherif of the county that the erimtunt han attalned that Ligh atnte of piety usually felt hy erin fo glory from the gallows, ta preveat any yreatbility of backellding St eliall be the duty uf the Sheriit to fortlovith carry filo execution tho eentency of the court, Tho whole fight has been upon tho first seo- tou, which laa been adopted as follows: All murder which ts perpetrated by means of potaon, or lying in walt, or any otber kind of willful, delivers ate, and premeditated killing, ur which is cusumitted iu the perpetration, or atleinpt to porpetrate, aby are ton, rape, robbery, tanyLem, or burytisry, is murder of Uw ‘first degree, aud aliall be muished by death} or, if a majority of the jury rendering the cerdict €o a0 rece ommend, by imprisoniaent Jor life, ti the discretion of the Court. Tho words fn italic are an amendment to tho old low, aod were added to please the oppononts of the bill. Tho remainder of tho law providon fortho modeof executing the douth-poualty, ‘Che power to pardon o murderer geutto we denitensiery, for lifo reat only with the Legis- ature, With tuto laws which will be enacted to puolel throo-card-taonte men, tramps, beggars, aud violators of women, aud this law to hang mur- dererg, thero will Le some assurance of protoc- tiou to the life aud property of the people, So run riot hay crime of the mou’ horrid forme in this State the ‘past two years, tbat the public tuind demanded protection. INCERTLOUS FATHER, Jobn Drako, a tarmer hyn wear Hampton, Fraoklin County, bas bean held for appoarance before tho Grand Jury on 9 charge of inocat with his own dangbter, 17 years old, who will soon become o mozher. DIVORCE BUIT ENDED. At tho last term of tho Lucas County District Court, Mrs. C.D, Louden bogau swt for divorce and alimony sgainst her husband, On Wednes- day last he dicd very suddouly, aud, it ix re- ported, killed himself, . TIED OF LIFE, Yesterday, Hiram McMurry, an old and Woalthy citizon, committed suicide by hanging. For some tine he hag been in ill-health, aud ho conceived the idea that be was incurable, which caused bim to be low epirited. Mis family nave oliars been pleasant, end his home was ail that B man could desire, Ho was bloencd with an affectionzte wifo and two refined and loving danghtora. He roturnod home, Tuevday ayen- ing, fromo visit in the city, appeared metan- coly, and said io was tirod of Jiving. ‘Tho fami- ly sought to divert lis mind. Yosterday be was as choorful n4 usual, Ie weut to the barn, and, not returuing, bis wife wont to lcok for bim, nud found fim stieponded from a rafter. Ho had placod a barrel under the noose, and kicked 1% away. Els neck was not broken, but lo wag quite dead, though bo had not bean abseut more than twenty minutes bofore bo wan discovored. He wos 63 yearaof age, was o native of Penn- sylvania, and formerly a politicisn of somo noto in Indiana, where he wes United States Doputy Masehal undor Sol Aferodith. At Wost Liberty, Monday ovening, a younc, beautiful, ond cultivated lady, aunt of Sirs, Col. Eliore, cut her throat with a razor, noariy nov ering Lor head from her body. CEXSUS-STATIBTICS, Mis, D. A. Doud, of Mumboldt County, o fow days ego added the twouty-ixth to the consua- report, and sho bas boca married but eighzcen yoars, Of hertwonty-six children fourteen are twiny. Mawsare. THE ANGEL'S LAMENT. Man, why dest thou falter At temptation’s beck? Stand firny ag Gibraltar ¢ ‘Oh! let tt not wreck Thy God-given manhood, Would’st thou but resixt Temptation as min ehowld, Anu from sin doeict, What greatners, what glory, Would nu thy career 1 Ucol me, Limplore theet ‘Tarn nots deaf car ‘To ny ernest plesding. Ohl why wilt thou still Ever be receding From good toward i1,— Kaowiug thet ein yields naught But porrow sad pain, With death azul disesae fraught? Ant what doth man goin Should bo tha whols world win, + And Joao his on foul? Thea tums from ac Win virtne’s brig Noble ae God yl In body aml mfud, ‘Thon then wilt by grandly Great, c# Ie deatyned, +. Women’s Work. Tf Mro. Lilly Dovereaus Biake and the rest of the slrong-minded fail ta fight thetr way Into Congrews, horo 4 vonicthing to whow thom that thoy nay still tnd work worthy of womon to do, Tho London Telegravh gives the following in- tercuting sketeh of tho foundation of two of tho Londow hospitale,—that for tho paralytic, in Tloomsbury, avd that for tho childron, in Esat Londou, The flast-namod ‘was founded thir- teen years ago by two orphan sisters, Johanna and Louisa Chandler, who kad been reared by thoir grandmother, whoso strong peslttijana net iyo habits were suddenly checked by paralysis, In this visitation arogo tho idea of founding tho howpital {a Bloomsbury, which, liko most in- stitutions of the kind that havo really done good work,’ liaa undergone tho stragglos incidental to a small beciuning. The waters woro not rich; sud the history of their vonovotont scheme may be told ins fow words. It would certainly havo sunk and perished but for tha hearty good-will ia which they coutinued to Dattlo with discouragement, ‘We koow o little art,’ eaid tho eldor siutor; ‘wo will prac- tica until wo have guined £200; we will offer that in earnost of our sincerity, aud God will in- clino somo kind hearts to take up tho cause.’ Su tho little find was worked for, gained, and offered ; dtovotad men aud won wero ford to take up tho esuee, and tho "Hospital for the Taralyzed and Epiloptio was dorably established, Tho younger sistor, always delicato, lived only tu soo tho promise of wuccosa; and in January, 1475, Jobsuns Chandtor, by whoso oxertiona project wos mainly holped forward to a secure woll-belng, followed to hor poacofal and honorod rest, Liko the Hospital for Paralyties in Blooms. bury, an institution at Ratchif-cross, called tho Hast Londow Mospital for Children, aud com- DLiuieg with its origiual purpoxe tho bono- fits of @ disponuary for women, had ite woed In personal dovotion, A young surgeon nanied Heckford, marrylig a Tady og charitablo aa bimsolf, and, muroovor, en- duwed by worldly fortune, went hand and hand with hor into the business of doing good. ‘The story of thuir marriod lifo, linked with that of tho hospital, ia one of tho moxt romantic that evor doalt with dooda of human kindnoss. In 1803 Charles Dickena wroto thus of the more than unseldsh pair: With ovory qualification to hiro thom away, with youth, oud accowpilsh- inont, and tastes, ond habits, thatcan have 10 roxponso in auy breast noar thom, cloao begirtl by overy repulsive ctreumutanco juseparable from, sach a neighborhood, there thoy dwell, 'Thoy live in the hospital Iteelf, and their roonis ate on the first floor, sitting at their dinpor tablo thoy could hear the ery of ouo of tho childron in palu, ‘I'bo lady's piano, drawing materials, books, aud other ovidences of re- duement are as mach part of the rough place as tho iron bedstoady of tho Httlo patioute, With tho wagic vividuuss of a pen that uover had ita hiko for human portraiture, Dickows drow tho young medical studeut's lioness: * An alfocting lay was acted in Pariy yoars ayo, callod “Tho “brldren's Dustar.* As 4 parted Eros any Chil- drou's Doctor now in question, I saw in his easy nockto, iu ble leowe-huttoned black frock~_ Ext alr, in bis eyelashes, in the vers taint lun mustache, tho exact rotlization of the tara artist's ideal seit was preenninion thostean, But no romancer that dT knew of hen bad the Loldnoss to prefyure tho life sud homo of thin young husband and young wiie iu the Clal- dren's Horpital in the Baut of Londow.' Young Heckford died somo fow years aso, of ovorwuri:, nay atl who knew hin, ‘Tho true lady, hia wito, though living in Italy, busted with the odneation of her daurhter, fina her bosrt ati) to thin river- vide hospital nenr Ratcliff bighway ; and pho is ono Gf its Committees.” BOWEN, {lin Comments on tho Advinory Couns clits Pilon of Investication. Independent, March 2, And now whatuort of an fovestigation will tho realor imagine ix provided for? ‘Tho Andovar Proposition, which wag that thero bo s Council Of iuvestigation, of which WViymout Charelt should select haif and the Audovor Church half, and which should take upon Iteolf, thug isnpar- tinlly constituted, to uift the tmnttor to the bat tom? Notatall, Excuse wera found for re« Jecting that proposal. Was ony other form of Conneil or Commission contrived of whose mem- bers Plymouth Church should select only linlt ? Nothiag of tho sort. On tho contrary, a Com- mission was provided for to tm selected one tiroly by Mr. Leecher's own friends, But core tainly this Commission ix, at least, required to {uvestigato, and is given muhenty to requere wituouses to appear before it? Notatall, ‘Tho Commission is bidden to do nothing, but watt until somebody aleo shall assume the reepount- bility of on invostigation. The Counsil did not menu it, we ara sare ; but more cotnpleto con- trivance for euppreselog au iuveetigation could uot be devised. For, first, bofore the Comminsion can even bo Sppolnted: much teas leur testimony on tho subjoct, nomebody eire muat arsume to tako on binself the task of aninvostigation and mata himeclf “responsibly for tho truth and proof” of charges. Who shall it bo? What ono mania thero that would care to doit? ‘l'hose who be- Neve in Br, Deceber's guilt will hesitate to open. 8 case beforo a Commission which has been se- lected, na this will be, by the appointment of Mr, Beecher's Council and Mr. Beecher's friends ; for, however impartial and thorough thoy thay be, they cannot eycane tho suspicion which will attach to tho fact that thete sppolutment comes feo Plymouth Church. Besides, would not any possible prowecutor desire to know who the Com- Mission were before ha couslutled that it would bo worth while to apponr before thon? Both godly acd nngedly men take precautions slon doaliog with a wan who baa Mr. Bhearman for an adviser; for ‘we are not ignerant of bis devices." Bunpose, howorer, a voluntary pros- ecutor to overlook these diesdvantages; thoro is hot ono may among those who nave Leen placed in antexomem to Sir. Beocher who is barniug to expose him; not one but has rathor avoided tho expreesion of distruetin Lim, unlesa it bo Mr. Moulton or lr, Tilton; and thoy would appear nndor moat advorse circumstances, ‘Thore ato witnesses enough who would como if tt wera made a duty thrust upon them te sppear tudor tho moral pressure of a aummons from on ec- clesiaatical court in sarnout soarcts for the trath ; but no one of them, wo tmupine, would care to thrust bimeelf forward and take on himsclf the brunt of the odjum nnd sbuao that would attach to this unwolcomo task, If the Congregstional cburches of America do not care cnuugh for thoir honor to take tho respansi- bility of oither exposing tho guilt or establishing the innocence of thotr most eloquent minister, £0 generally believed to bo an unworthy map, and if the largest church in the order will not domend it, when it ie su gonerally bolioved that undevolaped evidence is nccopeitlo, thon what private meraber is likely, uninvited, ta take up tho thanklous taak ? But cgain, provision fs carefaily mado, it would seem, that nobody eball present before this Committee a case agafnat Sr, Buccher, For it ia especially provided that the porsun who eball make bimself responsibie for “tho truth and proof" of charges aud for thoir prosecution shall first appesr bofuro the church or tho Examining Committee and make to it formal charges sgainat Mr. Beecher. But thoee formal charges imply specifications, and spevifoations tmount include the names of the person or per- sons with whom itis charged that Mr. Beocher iss beau on improper rolatione, Ifero tho vory object of a eccrot Commission isat the beginning studiously thwarted. Tho names whieli aro to be kept from tho public must tirst be given to the public, and the ouly men who aro likely to appear as prorecutors aro slut off from the task, Such a Commission, ordered to do nothing, but only to await tur accusers, whove way iy hedged. about with thorns, 14 not likely to have anything to do. How unlike istins from tho Andotor proposition. . . . Wexpeak mildly when wo way that thie Conncil, ao casily captured by gush, haa douo no honor to Congrowatiovalisia, A SUMMER HOTEL, The Advyantaccs Offcred *sultem House? Boston Commercial Bulletin, A eummor bonrding-place, at which city people should tind all tho comforls ond convemences thoy wisl, hos never yet been establiahiod ; bat it will pe seen by the following advortisemont, an original production iu ths Boston Commercial Jhdictin, that an effors has been mado iu that diroction : by the THE AUITEM TOvRE, STRIVE & BWETY, PROURIETORS, Saponaceoud Springa, Ve Vs This hotol bas boon Buflt and srrangod for the special comfort aud convenietce of summer-buardera, Gn arrival, each itest will bo asked how he likes the situation ; ‘and, if he saya the oto! ought to have been plsead op upon, thy kuoll, or further down towarta he village, the location of” the house will be fmmedl- ately changed. Corner front roca, up only ono flight, for every guest, Baths, qus, water-cloret, hot and cold water, laundry, telegraph, restaurant, fire-alarm, bar-room, billlvrile (abi, dally papers,” coupe, satiug machine, grai pian, a clergyman, and all other modern couvenion- ces, tuerery Foam,’ Meals every ufuute{f desired, aud conseqizntly no second table, Ingliab, French, and Geran Uiclonarica furninhed every guest, to inake wp such a pil-of-fore as lis may dlesite, without rogard to the bill-atfulr afterwards at thy ottice, alt= ¢r8 of any natiouality and colordeatred, Every waiter furnished witha ibretto, button-holo bouquet, ful- drosa sulla, bail-taLlets, snd Lis air parted tu the mlddlo, Every gnest wil havw to beet wout iu the intug-hall aud the best waitar in the how Any guust not galling bis breakfust red-hot, or ex- rerfenclog a delay of wiateen ucconds after givlug his onder for dinner, will plese mention the fact at the oiice and the cool and waiters will te blown from the mouths of the cannon fn front of the hotel ut once, Children will bo welcomed with delight, aud are re quested to Dring hoop-eticke anit hawkeys to baug the carvent rosewood furuitttre oxpecially provided for that purpose, aud pea-tai tosplu on the velvet carpets; they will be allowed to Lanyon the piano at all Lours, yell fu the hails, slide down tho bautsters, fall down, atatra, carry away dusrert enough for a small family tn thelr pockets at inuer, ante make theraelves an dis- aprecable na the fondest mothor can doriro, ‘Wurbing allowed in roots, aud ladies giving an order to yut me on a tat-trols will by pus on one at any hour of the day or might. A diservet walter, who deionge tothe Magons, Odd ‘Fellows, and Knights of Yythias, ani who was ‘uevor known ‘to even tell the time of Way, has Leca cinployed to carry millk-punches and hot todidics to laifies! rome fn the evening, Every Iady will bo conaldered tho bello of the houre, anit row-boya will anawer the belle promptly, Should any row-hoy fall to appoar at ayicat's door with o pitchor of icu-wator, more towels, a gin-cocktall, ond pou, ink, and paper, before the gueat's lind has left Who hell-knob, he will bo branded Front” on te forehead, aad iinprisoned for life. ‘Ihe oflce-clerk has been carefully selected to please everybody, aud jn prayer, play draw-poker, ninth wursteds at the village-vture, sake for thy dnnks at any hour, day or night, play biltiards, 9 koud waltzer pad cau dance thy Germiut, make a fourth at euchre, amuse children, ropost tle Beecher trial fron, memory, isa good julye of Lorves, aso raflway nad steamboat reference ia far superior to Appleton’ or Anybody clvo'a wutto, wiil dirt with any younit 1x and not mind beluz cub dead when +p conus down, Don't mtud being damued auy more than u Connee! gut river, Cau runs forty peopl In the Leas raain the house whou thy Lotel la futl, attend to the anuut clator, and answer questhons ta’ Greek, Hebrew, Chove taw, Irish, of any other polite language at (hs aauio withont turning a bale atom allowed La uy Foam iu the, house, tuslading the w(tpinv-roum. Gentlemen ean driuk, gmake, swear, chew, gaintie, toll suady stories, stare at tho bow arrivals, sud induteo ta ony olen tanocent rate common ta watering-places, y part aa a ie ropristors Will wiwaye bu bape. 40. Vhotel, 4 Peeeitaamna aber hotel ia ee thy beat house. hi the ountes." Spectal attention given to partiod who can, cen Tsrruation a t) ~ how teas Wide are done La wet Tho heoprietors will tako ft a# a porvonal affront {f we rion leaving sunld fail to dlapute the Mil, Eithem they are ewlodlers, tha Lowes a barn, the tibio wretrbed, the witien vil, aud that he, the glow, Sirae neversy iinpored Upoo ia Lis life, will never stup thury again, abd wacana to warn bie frlonde,"" I, Bruny, |. BWETT, Proprietors, THE DREAM. A moadow-nlope I alumbered on, © summerrosdside roalooe Avision wvect begutled me thence to where tho angels ‘chen I awoks with aighs profound, And my aod seif I gazed around, ‘Aw cawe with wong, ‘Tho way sloug, Ayouthful voles upspringtng, An away ‘midteb hedge and tree, ‘Wherv atili its nutes were ringing. Ales! aud were they ouly thea a, Sweet dreaiuss ty mua were eluginyg T on WHAT'S THE USE? Wrilten for The Chicago Tribune, Do wo not, a4 0 paople, distress ourselves too Tuch about trifles ? Do wo not. wotry and fret too mush over mizsing shirt-battons, broken thoe-strings, ill-fitting collars, Inte dinners, and carly brenkfoste, with a tendoncy to oraggerate tho evil, and with no tendency to got curmelres out of tho trouble? Ara wa not inclined to be Danle-etricken when there 18 Httlo eanso for alarm ; nnd dowo not exhaust onrselyos often in panicky movomonte that aro without aim or resulta? A boy may wrench himself by kicking spatnet tho wind, or get a tromendons fall in trying to kick bigher than his head; but, as the Indian remarked when ho fawn balloon RO np like a bubble," What's these?” Bat wo ai all—aro wo not 2—troncuing ouraalyeain ueolo: mental gymnastior, as inoomprohensivie and ag unealled-for as those of a boy trying to kick his own hat off, ‘Thoro is & pimplo on n woman's face, Bho ia a8 inconaclablo as though pl: fad lost an arm, ‘Tho little molc-bill of a pimple becomes a monn+ tain of cnormity, and sho ia as tboklosa as to ex- Penditure of forco aud os inconsiderate a9 to offort a8 an elephant kicking ata fly. Tho moto of a pimple obscures her virion and clouds hor reason, Sho belioyes implicitly in tho advertino~ ments of qnacks, and plunges reckleasly inte dangerous oxperimonts. using and over cosmetic, with a blind Ginroracd of possible or probable consequonces. The typical boy, kiok- Ing poreistontiy at on greeko-epat oa hateriim, or becomming heated and furious oe a determined offort to lift him fol over a fonoe by his boot-straps, oF exhausting himself in a» frantic ondeavor ta jump into his trongora, both foot at ouco, ropre- sents the montal state into which men and Awemen work themeolyes over triflus. ‘the haraheat words spoken to those neatost 8 oro Inspired by the morest triffes, The rod flag of irritation, that makos & man file a iiull fn chin: it may be, liken boll in the Grona, is often tha ttimsiout rag of a protense. And yet how ho pianges abont,—whut damage ho does,—how rolenticenly he strikes,—how Koonly eo wounds} Aion bear with cach othor's faalts and vicos for yeare, and shoot cach other for a owrolcss ro- mark, Aman bears with his wife's faults, and tho wife with Mer husband's ehorteomings, for ®ecoro of yoors, and fash up in an unlucky minute about tha merost nothing, to undo the work of all tho yenra,—to forgot the tonder memories,—to repudiate bho alfectiou,—to aucor at tho ides of love. It iv eoid that the most trifing incidents will sometimen create a panic among tho bravest and hoat-disoiplined troops, and bring more disaster than the most socguinary hand-to-hand conflict with = stubborn sod ruthless enemy. Danica are the nureavoning moods of great armios, fins trating the enme wealners in bomau nature at large that is now under consideration. ‘They a wayn demoralize and exhaust. But troops with duty plain beforo them are hardly ever panic- ttrickon, aud tho strength that wontd be worse. than uncless in a panic becomes wondertully eRicient when woll directed, And at tho cluse of ® Great battle, the men who stood in tho van are leay fatigned than thosa who liave ran like Trightentd borsea from the field. So, in our overs-lay lives, the worry, and = fretting, and bluster over triflos exhaust us moro than tho hardest stroggio against poverty, the sernest battling agatinet toisfortano or oneniek ; and foava ne more help- Joes ond blind than the moet distressing blows of grief and rorrow, Wo caunot afford to fight the ompty air. Wo cannot purmit any wanton waste of overgy or strougih ¢ and we caguos lic hojploes aud lutea under diflicnttice, Wath real work always before us Wo aro comparativoly cheerful oder hoavicst calla for effort ; and it may bo said we enjoy tho consoqnent fatigue. It trion us Ions to lift » heavy load than it dooa to oxert thn mmo strength in lifting at nothing. Effort, to bo ent- iefactory, must have an object in view. Strength oxorted must act on something. If not, itatrikes back st tho projector with tho spitofulucas of a kicking mule, As we uevor uve 8 siedgo-hammer to kif! a flen,—nover tilaso awey with @ danuon ot 8 chip- tatink,—-nover concontrate an army to shoot is Finglo mau,—why should wo mm oursetvos to fury over a triffe,—dash nt {t with forse cnongh to conquer s tion, —expend on it effort enuugh to build a house.—grieva over it as wo would.of the doath of a friond,—wotry over it as twa would over tho loss of w fortnoe of the destraction of a home? We sxagremta little things as a babit, and fash our folves into a fary over Uttle troubles and trifting annoyances, agapart of our rogalar dnty an life, We allow oursolves to drift into wat-dance heroics on puch flight provocation, tbat a war dance about a spoiled abict-front, or x iste din- her, of & Wart on the fingor, or a pimple on the face, reemss legitimate porformance. Lut it isn't. It belongs to tho primitive age of naughty Loshood, when spankings represaod, and bircly Tous and havol switches were popalar a8 corrovt+ ive agencies, It would bo toil for us, in theso moods, were we boys and girls again; bnt we fro not; therofore we must eupprees tho moods, peed ——— THE PHILOSOPHY OF WATER-WITCHERY, To the Bdstur of The Chicago Tribune: Cutcaco, March 1.—Sinco the publication of my communication upon tho sabject of discovers Ing wator below the surface of the carth, thera have been pnblished two moro intoresting. artic cles upon tho same eubjoct,—one by Ar. C. Lativ mer, and the other by J, A. Willard. Mr. Willard heads bis communication "Dlotosism and Odinic Force." loton, the Frenchman, did not use o stick, or any other instrument, as n mo~- dium ; Le only walked around overthe ground. His nervous system way so activo, that ho mada his discoverios by sensation direct; whorcaa tho usual method is by the use of o forked stick ot some kind of wood, whalobono, or metal, as @ moditm of observation, But it ta probable that the principle is tho samo in cither caso, Ag ta tho Udinic Force, spoken of by Prof. ‘f. R. Bue chanau, if I understand tho oxporiments cor- rectly, this may bo uccounted for by tho principle of electricity, ea in tho cana of tho discoveries of magnetic lines by tho celobrated Faraday, Scien {ists sometimoa epeak of mattor and force na if they wera distinct titles; but forco is matter in mo tron, and motion isa quality, sud notou essonce. ‘There cau be no inotion where thero is no sul stance, Newton discovered ¢ho general principle of gravitation, Lut did not tell in what that force consisted ; but the discoveriod of Franklin, and otbors siuco his day, soom to lead to ono definite conclusion, viz: that the source of gravitation is Imagnetiom ; and this attractive forca of mazuct ism, or gravitation, Is all eutticiont to acconnt fur the phenomevon of the divining-rod in watar- witchery, Is acts upon the spouts ont negative principle as whou o person lights o gag-Jot with tho finger. ‘ It is a fact well known to all who haya oxpo ri: monted with clectricity, that some substances are good vondvstory, aod that othors aro bad or non-conductots, of the Uuid. Good conductors aro the motald, water, aud substaucos sasurated: with wator, Bad conductors are dry woods, dry air, dry carth, acalins-wax, &o. Probably there. are persons in overy tamily who can fight a gas- Jet with tho fore-tinger, when tho clroumstancea ‘of tho roomare favorable, Tho air shoutd be dry and warm, and ¢loro should bs woolen car- pet on tho floor, Tho person -who is to operate should shufio hisor her foot upon the carpet white advancing tawerds the gas-jot, and sud- donly apply the tluger to the jet. ‘Tho auddea. movement upon the carpet excites the clectriul- ty, wud tho «a8-pipo, being a» good conductor, takes of a wpark from tho finger, end lights the gar, Now, this is a sufMftciont cluo for tho oxplana- tion of tho movement of tho rou th the caso of Jinding water, ‘Cho ground was vory dry, wut thereby was o bad conductor of electricity ; nud tho air wos alao dry, aud partially s nou-conducte or, (ButI may hero remark that no condition will restrain tho subtly, mobilé fluid, gave to a limitod extent.) ‘Tho wizard {helng & porson of favorable physical condition) cotimenced to walk about, with the “divining= rod" iu bis Lauds, beoame surcharged, aud thereby produced the wame condition In’ tho atick which would, according to the natural [aw of motion, be iuclined to diechatgo into tho nearest sud best conducting aubstauce, which, in this instance, waa tho spring of water below tho surface of the ground, But tho carth at tho surface, boing partially iu a nou-couductiug con- dition, did not pornit a perfectly free tnove. ment of tho electric dud, sud. therofore, tuo traction, or gravitativn, way sulticlont to bond tho atick downward towards the wator, which. in this caso, wae the best conducting aubstanco, Tho principle ia the samo us you wituoss with tho horso-noo maguot, with thid differéuce ; that the msgnot is polarized, aud tho fluld ix Gixud or muds permanant, aud nocessarily at- tracts substanco to ituelf. I offer tha alovo explanation as a rational aolution of the phonomena of the mystery of tho Wizatd and tho Well Pb, New ¥ tune, It appears from a Uoverdtadnt féport that tho numbor of persous who séttlod in Canada from abroad dechtied from 89,873 in 1874 to W410 in 1375, Although jmmlgration wag dull every- where last year, thin city fared somowbat bottur proportionately Stine ene Domiuion, 84,560 fus- migtante having arty our wharves, agsinst 140,000 tho freviouy yous.