Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 28, 1876, Page 4

* potrations, The developments of the Pitts- - @21.25 cash, and §21, RATEZS OF SUBSCRIPTION (PAYADLE IN ADVANCE). Postnge Irepnld at this Onice. Beily Bdition, postoeld, 1 ye $13.00 Pardrof yrar 3 e sddress YOUD o K Bt s A s 10 et Woskif, i) . WERELY RDITION, POSTPAID. SR T Rebepe ] OL""' twenf i e postage Which W will repay. Epecimen coples sent frea, To prevent delay and mistakes, be surs and xiva Yost- ©ffoe address In full, inoluding State and County. Remittanoos may be made elthor Ly dralt, express, #Poat-Offios ordor, or in registered lotters, at our tisk. TERMB %O CITY SURSCRINERS, Datly, deltvered, Sunday oxcepted, 205 conts per week, oliversd, Bunday included, 30 conts per week. THEK TRIBUNE COMPANY, Camner Madison and Dearborn: Clicago Il AMUSEMENTS, ‘WOOD'S MUSEUM—Monros strect, between Dear- Ior et BusteAlisraben, = Hadeliine.n Eveuing, S Fanchon,” MOVICKER'S THEATRE—\Madinon street, botwsen Dearborn and State. Engagement of Joun T, Ray- moud, *Qol, Malberry Bellers." HOOLEY'S THEATRE--Randolph stroet, belween Clark and LaSallo, Tha Californis Minsirels, ADELPIT_THEATRE—Dearborn stroet, comer Wonroa, Varlety performance. The Ghieage @fibnm Monday Morming, Feobruary 28, 1878, Greonbacks, at the Now York Stock Ex- ehango Saturday, ranged at 87{@87ic. C;)lder and clenring or ch:Tr wenther s prophesied by the Bignal Borvice for to-day. The cable is brought into service to convoy from Vienna the accoptance of the Ion. Goprove 8., Onrm, Minister to Austria, of the Republican nomination for Governor of Indiena. TThe largest stonmbont on tho Mississippi Rivor, the Mary Bell, costing $00,000, was burned to tho water's edgo at Vicksburg yes- terday. -No lives were lost, but o largo cargo of cotton and other freight and the boggage of 200 passongors wero destroyed. ‘The Town of St. Charles, Mo,, was visited yesterday nfterncon by o terrifio tornsdo, which lnsted only five minutes, but in that brief spnco denlt out death and destruction at o fearful rate. Two persons are known to have been killed, n large number serionsly injured, and the damage to buildings, fences, gte., will reach sbout $600,000. Don Canros bas changed his mind about tho certainty of success sinco he indlcted his bombnstic and ridiculous proclamation of a month or two ago, proposing an armistico for the purpose of uniting with Averosso in tho settlement of tho Cuban question. Tho Protender is now said to havo crossod over into France in tho vicinity of Irun, whero he has igsued n manifesto announcing that he throws up tho sponge—** gencrously rolin- quishos the strugglo in order to prowmote the ‘happiness of the Spanish people.” The Rov. Dr. FArzows returns to the sub- Ject of the sanctity of tho Sabbath Day, and in a sermon whick we print elsowhere repeats his previous condemnation of Bunday theat- rical performances, and appeals for such o creation of public sontiment as shall banish theso *‘pernicious evils” from our city. 1o bolds that, without making his particnlar ideas of tho observanco of the day binding upon any man, there are certain general fen- tures of the American Sabbath which Ameri- cnn citizons have a right to claim tho pre- servalion of. 1t is & peculinrity of the Secret Service sys- tem of the Treasury Department ns at pros- ent conducted that no hint is given of dis. coveries of official *‘crookeduess” until it is too Into to cover up or explaiu away its per- burg Custom-House form no excoption to tho rule. Chief Wasnnuny's detectives Lave been for some time quistly at work unearth- ing & serics of extortious, overcharges, and peonlations which has been carried on for ten years by the Surveyor of the Port and his doputy, and the result of the cxsmination hag just loakod out. Mr, Wituiax Wersn, of Philadelphis, ex- member of the Indinn Peaco Commission, Lias beon making strong assertions.ngain. Ho ardently favors the pending bill for the transfer of tho Indian Buresu to the control of the War Department, nud ho tells the House Committeo on Military Afinirs that ho believes two-thirds of tho appropriation for the Indian sorvice i expended for the eloction of United States Senutors. If Mr, ‘Weran belioves this to be true, ho has dono nothing more than his duty in making it public—not all his duty, indeed, for he should either make good the asscrlion, or <lso *‘ utow hia gab.” The Democratio Oaucus Finance Commit. tea does not scem to be ablo to got any nearer & compromiso on the currency ques- tion than o tie vote. Perhaps this is just ns woll, for if it roported anything which the inflationists do not want the compromise would probably be rejected by the caucus itself, ‘There in no likelihood af anything being done excopt the repenl of tho present Resumption act, which the inflationists seom to think is compromise enough it they re- froin from demanding an unlimited issuo of greonbacka, Indeed, with tho Democratio party in the majority, wo shall be lucky if wo escapo actual dilution. e Ohicago's usurping Mayor appears this morning conspicuoualy before the admiring gaze of an intelligent and respectable com. munity, First, ho demonstrates his respoct for the Ohristian Babbath by the inauguration of a gambling transaction in the shapo of o male-and-female walking match for an alloged moncy stake at MoCormick Hall last evening; and, sccond, wo have ** Hig Honor" as the subject of an in. teresting communication from ome of lis former friends and ballot-box manipulators, Eb Neavr, inclosing a copy of a letter writ. ten last December, and reiterating tho as. sertion of an agreement pledging Corvin to yeward hin **gervices” at theNinth Ward polls by amunicipal appolutment, How cordially tha Chicago peopls admire and indorso their usurping Mayor and Lis distinguished quali- ties a3 8 man aud a public officer will bo made known with some emphasis at tho ap. Pproaching spring eleotion, The Chicsgo produce markets were irrogu- lar on Baturday, Mess pork was more active, and16@200 per brl bigher, closing at $e1.2¢4 @21.65 for April. 230 per 100 1bs high- $12.72}@12.75 cash and Lard wasquict and 10@! o1, claslog at and ensier, closing nt 8o for boxod shoulders, 11c for do short ribs, and 11ie for do short clears. Highwines wero quiot and un- changed, at $1.06 per gollon. Flour was dull and stendy, Wheat was nctive and ad- vanced 1o, closing at $1.02} cash and 98jo for March. Corn was dull and jo higler, closing nt 41jc cash nud 420 for March, Oats woro quict and o lower, closing at 31@ 8140 cash and 81jafor March. TRyo was dull, ot Gi@65e. Barloy wns quiet and 1@1je lower, closing at ide for March, 1logs were dull and 10¢ lower, closing wenk at $7.75@ 8,60 for common {o choice. Cattle were in fair domand, ond wero steady ot Friday's quotations, common to primo weliing at $3.00 @4 Sheep wero firm, at $4.25@5.75 for common to choice grades. One hundred dol. 1ars in gold would buy $114 in greenbacks at the close. & Information of an unexpected and some- what startling character is to be farnished to tho House to-dny by the Seerctary of the Trensury, in responso to a resolution calling for n statement of the amount of available gold notuslly on Liand in the Trensury vaults, This informntion will bo strikingly at vari- anco with the last monthly debt statoment, which stated the anount of coin on hand to ‘e ©75,601,000, but in this reckoning was in- cluded, in addition to the surplus spocio, the sinking-fund, tho silver coin and bullion for the redomption of fractional currency, unpaid interest conpons, coln.certificatas, ete. Tho auount of available surplus gold sctually on hand, according to tho figures which the Becretary will transmit to Con. gress towdny, is £13,882,000,—a discrepnncy, in round numbers, of $60,000,000, This ex- position of the Treosury coin account will liave the effcct which was doubtless intonded by the passago of tho resolution inquiry, viz.: to furnish the Now York gold spoculators with valuable information, and the inflation- ista with arguments against ony moasure locking to specie resnmption. THE CANADIAR TARIFF, Our neighbors in Canada are just now hav- ing o senson of unpleasnntness on tha sub- joct of the tariff. At the dlections for Parlia- ment, the Ministry sllowed the manufactur- ora aud morchants to understand that an increaso of tho tariff would ba proposed, In oanticipation of this, the manufncturers pro- duced and the merchants supplied them- selves with large ‘‘stocks on hand,” on which thoy expected to make large profits aa soon o8 the tarilf wos increasod. But when the Minister 1aid beforo Parlinment his eatimates of receipts and expenditures, thero was not tho slightest mention of any pro- tectivo tariff. Tho consequence is oxtreme disgust on tho- part of the expectant spocu- lators, and the boginning of an agitation for o tarilf so protoctive that Amorican goods will be excluded. This is but an illustration of how little men learn from tho experience of others. The Cnnadinng bhave had an opportunity to obsorvo the workings of protection 1 this country, and, despite the melancholy and pitiablo story, somo of them have now got hold of the delusion and nre prossing its adoption. Just ns the Amarican manufac- turers, as a class, aro about domanding rolief from tho weight of protection, the Cana- dinns are demanding that the lond bo placed on them, Tho manufacturers of Canada may well thank the Ministry that has refused them this increnso of tariff. Mad it been given, thore wounld, of course, have been a profit on tho goods on hand to tho extent of tho incrense of tax, less the decline in cone sumption. Ia the meantime, thoro would have been a genoral advance along the wholoe lino of items entering into the list of pro- duction oqual to the increased tariff. Labor, the cost of machinery, raw material, ronts, commissions, and the innumerable list of ex- penses which go to wake up the cost of pro- duction, would bo incrensed, so that the goods produced after the tariff would leave the producer no more margin of profit under the protection than he had before the protection was voted him, and ho wounld find that consumption had declinod proportion. ately with the incrense of prices. What then? Why, thero must be a further increase of the tariff, more protection, in order to on. ablo the producers to sell their second crop. "Tho same condition of things would provail after tho sccond ndvanco in tho prico of goods ; all Canada would bobn a atriko for incronse of wages, and tho cost of everything would go up until the second vote of protec- tion would utterly fail to cover the cost of production, and even Yankeo goods would be gelling cheapor in Canada than they would be producod for in any part of the Dominion. A furthor increase of protection would be. como a necessity, and in time a fourth, fifth, sixth, and even a soventh, incrense wonld be required to provent Canadian manufactures from stopping. DBy this timo tho prices of overything in Canada would becomo appall- ing; on many things tho tax would of neces- sity rrnge from 90 to 120 per cent, on othors 70 to 90, and thos down to 40 percent. Con- anmption would fall off from one-fourth to one-half, and in some lines of goods produc- tiou would censs, Tho capacity to produce wonld exceed the demnnd, and, in order to equalizo production and consumption, the mills, furnaces, shops, and mines would have to closo for two days in & wook; then ono weok in four; then one month in threo; then two nud three months at s time ; and then only bo worked spasmodically. "Thon the protected ** labor " of Conadn, instend of continuous omploy- ment, would have but one day's work of four, and bo months at a time without a dollar of wages; the savings in the Lanks would be consumed by the unemployed; idlencss, with its attondant comsequences, would tako the place of {ndustry and thrift; poverty, and want, and destitution would recruit the alins- houses, the hospitals and the brothels ; and the more adventurous and daring would per- ambulate the country enforcing a support as tramps. We have in no way drawn upon the imag: inntion, Wo have given but a faint sketch of tho aoctual faots as thoy have existed and now oxist in this country, We have told the American story of the continued demond for incressed protection in ordor to cover the in- creased cost of production; thon the ovor. production reaulting from decline in consump- tion; then the bankruptoy from inability to soll goods; then tho gradual but increasing surpension of production and tho discharga of labor, Lot Cannda, Lefore she ouucts n protective tariff, look at the United Btates, with their inexhaustible supply of every de- scription of raw material, unable to export any manufactures, 'The lunacy, however, continues, and a very ecminont mem- ber of Congress, within o year, after describing the dosolation which had over- taken tho mmnufssturers of his district, the suspension of the factorles, the dischargo of the men, women, and children operators, dition, and many of the mon going round ns tramps, deliborately proposed an increase of proloction and paper dollara ns tho romedy for the evil, Tho Toronto Glode of a rocont date in- forms us that the American Scrow Compony, of Rhodo Island, which has cnjoyed s pro- tocted monopoly in this country for fiftoen years, haa in order to escapo protection cstablishod a factory at Dundas, in Oanads, from which it can oxport its goods to all parts of tho world. It also informs us that cortain porsons from Buffalo and Philadelphia have begun an ostablishment at Guelph, in Oanada, for tho manufacture of organ.-reeds. Such an indnstry is protected out of existence in the Unlted States, No net of logislation could at this time prove so benoficial to American manufactur- ors, norsuro to so incrense the bulk of Ameri- can manufactures, o8 tho ropeal of every item of proteotion in the American tariff, And yet in Canada tho enthusinsts are pitcously praying that thoy mny be exhila- rated, then poisoned, and then killed by tho same procoss which has proved so fatal in tho Unitod States. Tothe Eduiorof The Chiea 1o Tribune: S1oux City, Ia, Fob, M.~Your ariicle In Toe TrisuNz of the 32, entitled ** Domocratio Caucus and Finance,” sayn: It can be demonstrated that protty nearly the entire amount of outstanding Government currency will bo presonted within s year (from dste of resumption) at the outalde.” # Government currency,” 1 understand to practieslly include the tatal paper elr- culation of tho country, for the demand for redempe tion of National Bunk uotes will ba equal, it not great- er, than greonbacks, Scerelary Bristow's report of October, 1874, asys there was at that date only $166, 000,000 0f coln in the countrs. Admitting thereis $200,000,000, and every dollsr available, how can we redcem $300,000,00 paper with $200,000,000 coln? When we takea praciical, sensible look st the matter,— politics and politiclans sslde,~is specio resumption elther possible or dosirable in tho present conditfon of our currency t MeacHAsT, If the legnl-tender notes wero out of tho way, and the banks held two hundred willions of coin intheir vaults, undern liberal law thoy could issue and protect.all tho cur- roncy the country would need. Tho grent differenco between Govornment notes and thoso of tho banke is this: Whena bank redoems its notes with coin, it immediately poys them out agsin in loans to its cus- tomers, in discounting bills, in purchasing exchango, or in buying gold; and much of the coin it pays out mn redemption of its notes roturns to its vaults in tho shaps of deposits, and, if not enongh comes back in this way, tho bank gets all it nceds by of- fering a small premium for it. When one bauk has moro coin than it wants, it solls tho surplus to other banks. The foreign specio and bullion brought into tho country by emigrants and traders is sold to the banks ; the gold mines soll thoir dust, nuggots, bars, and coins to the banks ; and overybody who has any spare coin either de- posits with or sells it to the banks. Ience, if tho National Banks pnid out $260,000,000 of gold ina year, they would also take in an equal or greater amount. Like the circuln. tion of blood through tho heart, it would flow into, out, and back again continually. Such i the experienco of banks in all specic. poying countries. But with the Government and its legal- tendor notes, tho casc is wholly different. It receives its notes for taxes and pays thom ont for exponses. But if it undortakes to redosm thom in coin, it cannot get the coin except by first aclling bonds for gold, and when it re- deems the notes it cannot pay them out again except by buying bonds with them, becauso ordinary revenues from taxes meet its ron- ning exponses. If it paid out those redeomed notes to defray expenses, the national debt wonld incresse totho cxtent of such issue of notes. To keop the greenbacks in cirou- Intion after the Treasury opened its doors for redemption, it would ba mnccessary first to have a vast pile of coin on hand to ereate pub- lio confidenco in ita ability to redeom, and thereby prevent a rush and sudden deplotion, In the noxt place, it would bo absolutely in- dispensable to confor on the Sccretary of the Treasury tho suthority to scll bonds for gold at the best prico he conld obtain with. out fixing any limit; and in order to got his redecmed potes again into circulation he must have the right to buy bouds with them at any premium the market would demand. Unless thoss two extraordinary povw- ors woro conferred on the Becro. tary, ho could not possibly maintain spociopaymonts and keep his groonbacks in circulation, As wo have shown in previrus articles, tho minimum of domand for coin in this country fora year wonld bo §250,000,000, oand if tho Govornmont notos could not be kept in eirculation by purchasing bonds therewith, the contraction in aslingle year would sweop two-thirds of them out of oir- oulation. None of the bills boforo Congress providing for spacie pnymonts, including the Resumption act of Jan, 14, 1875, contem- plate the reisaue of the logal.tonders, because it is seen to bo too difficult and bazardous to attompt it. ‘Whenever tho Governmont is ready to re- Qdeom ita notes, the Banking law must be so modified as to make it to the intercst of tho banking capital to furnish tho conntry with a gold-note circulation. Undor the present illiberal restrictions the banks would not un- dertake it, and the vacuum caused by the withdrawal of the greenbacks would not bo fillod by any paper ourrency. G0V, HERDRICKS ON AGRICULTURE, It Gov, Hespuioxs, of Indiaos, iu st all conspiouous before the country at the presont timo, it i8 ns an aspirant for the Democratio nomination for President, It hag boen gon- erally supposed that his trip to the South was concoived in his Presidential interests, sud his apeech delivered Baturday before the Boathern Industrial Exposition was looked for with considorable intcrest as indicating his position on the leading issues of tha day. But it sccms that Gov. Iznpnioxs went mercly in the character of sn smateur Granger, and delivered himself of n good many anclent truisms and some modern soph- isms without committing himself by a singlo word on tho questions likely to enter into tho Presidential contest, He indulgod himsolf in &ll sorts of agricultural, mechanical, and {o- dustrinl gonoralizations ; ho traced the march of oivilization and extollod the place occu- pled therein by the cotton-gin ; ho advised the Sonthernors to turn thoir attention to manufacturing ; he told them of tho advan- toges of water-power md utilized in New England, and advised an imi. tation in the Houth of thisx policy; he informed thom how Lo had seen the melting snow from the mountains in Utah turned to advantsge by patient Mormon la. bor; he predicted a glorious industrial future for tho South; he dwelt upon tho close bond of union between the gin-house and sugar- house at tho South and the corn-crib and the shop at the Noxth,—all of which was very claims as a monufactorer, or producer, or public economist, but whoso opinions as a politician aro of some nccount just now, Not but that Mr. Hexpnices had abundant opportunily to express himsolf without im. proprioty upon tha most vital iemues of tho day, for thoy enter into the vory topies that he was disoussing, and suggested themselves ot overy point, Thus, for instanco, when ho camoe to the subject of onr national dobt, nnd the comparative exports and importa of the country, it would have been naturl to submit his views of the propor remedy for the Inrgo flow of gold nbroad, and to onable the United Btates to pny off its balances in products and man- nfactures. This point should naturally have suggested to him a considoration of our monotary systom and tariff, upon which the relations of our foroign commerco mainly de- pond, Perhaps such o suggestion did occur to him,—indeed, it could scarcely have been othorwise,—but ho refused to avail himself of tho opportunity, and choso rather to avold overy exprossion that would reveal to the world his personnl position on the currency and the tariff, At the following point in his address something might cortainly have boen expected from o man like Gov, Hxxonicka: Aud now I como to the questions of the highest im- portance to every taz-payiug community in the United Btatea: fHow can you add, snd how mueh, to the wealth of tho country by au incressed production of articles of exports 7 That is tho first question, The secoud is this: How, snd how far, can you prevent o lons of national wealth by increasing your produo- tlon of artictea which we now largely import ¢ "I'nese nre indeod important questions, the answer to which involves n brond view of the financial policy and tariff system of the country; but Gov. IHmxpricks contonted himself with saying : Incresso of production and improvement in quality are your objects, aud tho Increased production of your ataples will add to our exporis and diminish imports. Every balo of cotton and hogshead of tobacco latd upon the wharves of Livorpoolsnd Havre add to our aupply of gold, for they command the gold at once; snd every pound of rice and of sugar and overy gallon of molasses producod hero n the State of Loui- #lana savea us from importing so much, and {hua re- tains tho gold In the country, Now, your Exposmtion is particularly meant to Lring about lucreased prodno- tion of theso ataples, oollon, rice, sugar, snd tobacco, It contomplates {mproved implements; tha adoption of the best means to strengthon and atimulata your lands; the eatablishment of barmony betwesn ecapltal and Iabor, and the bringlng of & larger area nndor tho plow. Itis surcly nos absurd to think that you may inarcase tho production of your staples by, say, 20 per cont, If 80, ond it you thus sunually add Afty miltion dollars to our supply of gold; and ifa rigld economy ‘bo introduced and obaerved, ao s to reduce our na- tonal oxpendituros forty or fitty miiliona more, our financial questions will Lo solved. In making such answer as the only one ho had to offer to the great questions he pro- posed, Gov. Henprics oxhibited a profound ignoranco of o common principle of political cconomy, and also a lack of obsorvation as to the experienco of tho South during the last few years, Cotton production has increased, but the prices have docreased. The moment the production is in cxcess of the demand, that moment the prices will go back to an extent even disproportionate to the excess of supply. The prices have fallon alroady so that there are still cotton-fiolds in the South unpicked, because it will not pay to strip the plnnt of the flower it has borne. Yot Mr. Henpzioxs would havo the South still further incrense the production gs tho real solution of our national trade problem, ignoring al- togother tho oxistencoe of o tariff which pre- vonts our compoting with the manufacturers, of Europe, and limits our exports simply to what thorest of the world cannot possibly do without. If this is suggestive of Mr. ‘Hexprioxs' ealibro of statesmanship, porhaps itis just as well that ho did not go any deoper into the questions of political economy in ‘which tho country is just now principally in- erosted. RAILROAD CONTROL IN I10WA. Mr. Jaaes F. Wirsoy, of Iowsa, has recent. Iy appeared boforo the Railroad Committeo of the Town Blato Sennto, at the invitation of that bady, to diseuss the presont Railrond law in that State. Tho Iowna Railrond law fixes tho rates on tho various ronds according to classification based upon gross earnings. Mr. Wixsox did not undortake to disouss the constitutionality of such a law, na this ques. tion is now bofore the United Btates Bupreme Court, but he took the ground that the law as it’stands is not now so much en injury to the railrond interests of the Stnte asitis to the agricultural and productive interosts. ‘While tho law holds, Mr. WiLsoN maintaing that it is n constant meonaco to capitalists, ns its recognized legality includes the right in tho futuro to imposo restrictions which the railronds could not bear, The result of this is that railrond-building in Towa has come to a stand-still, Capitalists cannot bo induced to invest their money in' o business subjet in everyyparticnlar to the control of the palitical sentiment of the State. The failure to extend tho transportation system carries with it o corresponding deorease in the development of tho natural resources of tho Btato, ond ns & result the existing railroad companios cannot look forward to any in- crenso of buainess, which they unguestion. ably hod in viow whon their roads were con. structed. It is in this seno that the law is ot once an injury to the Btate and the mil- roads, but even more to the former than the Intter, v Itis o singular fact that, under the opora. tion of this Iowa tariff, the cost of transpor- tation has been incrensed to the producer in. stend of diminished, for the through rates havo beon the higher in order to equalizo the loss on local rates, At the same time, the producer can only get the price of his grain whioh is fixed first at Liverpool, and theu de- tormined for Obicogo, and the othor large shipping points to which the Yowa farmers sond their grain, The farmers havo thus been doprived of the competition whiuh they formerly cnjoyed on through rates, In this respeot the Towa law has boon similarly dotri- mental to Chicago, for ronds like the Bur. lington & Quiucy, subject to ita restrictions, have not beon ablo to cater for the business on as favoralle terms o8 Loretofore, But the rallroads are likewiso foreed into o policy that is unfair te thae pro. ducers on account of the olassification to which they aro subjected. ‘Their schedules being made according to their groes earnings, a railroad in Class O that earns a dollar over $£3,000 por mile moy bo forced into Class I3, where its rates are so reduced as to mako it lose $45,000 tho next yoar, Bo unnatural and unfair a restriction cannot fail to hamper railroad managemont In such s way as to re. act to tho scrious disadvantage of the private interents of tho producers, ‘T'he simple fact'ls that Town must come to a realization of tho same truth that Minne. &ota oud Wisconsin have admitted, viz, : That the political control of railroads by varying and variable legislative enactments ia pro. ductive of more harm than gnod. The fol. lowing sentence from oue of the reports of tho Massachusetts Railway Commissioners prosents the cago very fairly: The siwpla sud obvious fact, that wheels earn monsy frolghts, 1facorcan be toaded with passsngors or goods, and atarted on » journoy of 2,000 miles, {ho whools of that car are steadlly esrning money for days together, though muving, perhape, ot low rates; if, however, tho cost of stariing that car, including the fixed outlay of the corporstion ia officers, employes, atation butldings, real eatate, rolling-atock, and road~ bed—an ontlay which s in largs degres the game for long tranaportation sa for short—If this cost has to be disiributed over a fow milea only in which the whoels ara {n mottan, then it 18 evidont that the coat of trans- portation por muile must Iargoly increass, 1¢ it in lin~ itad by law, and uot allowed to Incresse, (hien the long trafe must pay & losa to the short trafc. . The interests of a new and agricultural Stato aro largely indontical with thoso of the railronds, and the latter cannot bo oppressed without injury to the formor. AN IMPERILED INDUSTAY. 'The Lawrenca (Masa,) American relates a fact ocourring in that city which suggoesta a dofoct in tho protective system which is en- titled to tho nttention of the champions in Congress of the home market. A Indy of that city, belioving the prices of meats in the Lawronco markels wero oxcosssive, mado a permanent arrangement by which she re- coives her meats from Albany, at a cost of 75 -conts expressnge, making an avorsge saving of $1 on each lot. Lawrence is in tho sover- cign State of Massachusetts ; the Lawronce butchers are citizens of tho Commonwenlth and poy hieavy taxes to support the State and local Governments. They nre part of tha industrial population,~—the frea labor of tho Btate which has given Burren and BovrweLs to adorn tho science of Amcrican financo. But owing to tho insuficiency of the law, both national and State, the butchers of Al bany, in o foreign State, who pay no taxes to support the Government of Lawrenco or Massnchusetts, who got their beef cheaper, nctually send it into Maasachusetts and soll it from 25 to 40 per cont cheaper, freights in- cluded, than it can bo sold by the honeat and unprotected butchera of Lawrenco ! It is of conrse but proper to agsume that tho butchers of Albany employ pauper labor, and that the abeenco of any law to provent - their selling thoir moents in Lawrence cheaper than the native butchers can do ia tho result of the freo uso of Albanian gold ; and that tho ond sought is to break down butchery in Law- rence, and sccurs to Albany tho oxclusive business of furnishing meat oven to the butchers of the latter city. It will not do to say that tho people of Lawrenco have a right to purchase their ment wherever they can got it at tho lowest price, That doetrino was exploded yonrs ago by tho statesmen of New England, who de- cided that tho higher the prices of goods in the homo market, and the more rigid the ox- clusion of outsiders, the happler and moro prosperons must bo tho consumers of tho goods. That if it took all o man's wages to purchaso the ment necessary for his family to excludo the cheap meats, and so advance the price in the home market that tho same wages would only buy half the qufinul.y of meat, was o wido sad merciful interposition of the law to incrense tho comforts of the citizen, whose rations ware roduced one-hnlf, There was, of courso, discontented peoplo who said that such interposition was opposed to tho Iaws of political economy, but theso grumblersworesilonced—atruckdumb=by the offioial announcemeont of Massachusotts' own favorito statesman, then filling the office of Bocrotary of tho Troasury, that there is mo such thing as political economy. Has Law- ronce a represontative in Congress? Phila- delphin hns o shop wero quinino is made, and Congress has protected Philadelphia quinine from chesp competition. Are the butchors of Lawrence to have their business destroyed whilo they hove a member of Congress to ropresent thom, and to domand that the Cen- tennial of National Indopendence shall not witness such gross neglect of the imperiled industry ? ‘The Confederate plot for the impeachment of Gov. Axxs, of Mississippl, and Gov. Keu. 10aa, of Louisinna, is developed in senson to serve ag o timely rominder of the unaltorablo purposo with which, in the words of By Hiry, the Confederates have como back into the Unlon, and *‘are horo to stay.” Both Btates, since reconstruction, have been and aro Republican,—Louisiaus, on an-honest count, by not less than 16,000 majority, and Missisaippl, whenever thero shall be an end of torrorism, intensified by preliminary mas. encro of negro voters, as at Vicksburg and Yazoo, by from 25,000 £0.80,000, In Louisi. ana, by the Wrnexren Compromise, pecopted on all sides as the final and satisfactory solu. tion of the bloody annarchy in which that State was ombroilod by the White-Line law- lossmess, thoro was conceded to tho Confed. erates control of one brauch of the Legis. Inture, which they hnd not carried and could not carry at an honeat clection, In Misais- sippi, at a * posceful” election,~made peaceful by tho faot that the alaughter of negroes prior thereto had impressed upon them tho nocessity, for sclf-presor- vation's sake, of Lkeoplug out of rango of Whits-Line shot-guns near the polls,—tho Confederatos suppressed tho Republican ma- {ority of botwoen 25,000 and 30,000, and se- cured foll control of the Goneral Assombly. Tho common purpose of the Confederate mi. nority in each Btato—that which they have oome back into tho Union and stay to oxe- outo—is to rogain complele ascendency over tho Republican majority ¢ anyhow.” Prompted by this, the Coufedoratos in tho Louisiana Logislature deliberately proposo o ‘broach {n the Waeeren Compromise,—by virtuo of which solely do they hold thoir own seata,—and by'rovolutionary procasdings to seize posscssion of the Exocutive office, the pretoxt thorofor being found in the reopening of matters which by theic own solemn com. pact wore forever closed by that compromise. In Mississippl, with even less shadow of pre~ toxt therefor, tho first use the Confoderates mako of the power acquired by intimidation and terrorism is to inaugurate the like insur. roctionary movement for tho like pur- pose, In both Btates the Confod. erates aro guilty of a ,fatal blunder in thelr policy, But the frank disclosure of the Confedorate purposs thoreby made is ona for which the country is none the less in. debted to them. If it isto bo reduced to this, that theso Statos aro to bo ruled nbso- lutely by the Confederate minority, no mat- tor by what revolutionary proocedings that rule hall ba establishod, it {s well that the loyul peoplo should know it before the Prosi- dentinl olection, Ihore will then be left timo in which to deal with theso insurroc. tionary Confoderates a4 the emergency may requiro, The graphio roait: the horrors of the ‘Western Pennsylvania Reform Bohool, in the letter of our Pittsburg correspondent pub. lished in Tax Tamunz of thls morning, fur. nishes a startling illustration of the out- ragoous abuses which seem to grow up eod thrive in publio reforms. tory inmstitutions, Boyas leased out to task-mosters and brutally tortured and | of both being roavad at publio exponse to bes como tho pests and terror of community, to flll tho prisons aud bawdy-liouses,—such, in briof, is the stato of afairs which it is dis. alosed oxistad in this model Reform Behool, conducted undor the dircotion of aminble Christian gontlemen who nover knew, until aceidont brought to their knowladge, what n pandemonium ¢ was, The whole ompha- sizea tho solf-ovidont fact that tliere can Lo none too rigid supervision of tlio smanage- mont of penal and roformatory inatitutions ; ond that, as yet, wo scem a long way from having mado suro that these shall not be so conducted that the inmates will omorge more brutalized and more dangerous than when they entered thom. At a meoting of the Now York Chambor of Oommaorce, hold on tho 25th inat., to consider the fluancial conditfon of the country, & series of resolutions wero adopted, which sot forth the unqunlified adhorence of that body to the principlo of epecia resumption, and tho entire dissatisfaction at the presont pros- poot that Congross will ropeal the Resump. tion act without substituting anything in its The Now York Chnmber of Com- merce is o ropresentative body, and it un. questionably reflects tho sentiment of tho leading business mon of Now York City, New Thoy aro almost a nnit in thelr opposition to the greonback schomes sot forth in the Indiann Convention tho other dsy which suggested place. York Btate, and the East genorally. Mr, Monron's mamo for tho Presidency. Without going into the details of the Now York Chawber of Commerea's resolutions, it may ba mnoted as particularly significant that thoy concluded with the statoment that **it is for the people to determine this autumn at the polls that their ropresontatives shall bo honest ond true by a manifestation of their own virtuo and wisdom,”—and all this with special referenco to honest money. Tho Indianapolis Journal fools in duty bound todofend tho shinplastor-plankof tho verboso platform mado by the Monton Convention the other day. Dut its mode of defonao is to attack thoss papors who rofuse to bopraise the cow- ardly swash of tho Montox Conveniion on the curroncy question. Thia is tho stylo of its do- fonse : The Clncinnatl Commercist and Titz Citicaco Tara- UNE aro Republican papera with Demacrstio proslivi- Tioth draw their support malnly from the Ro- Hes, ublicans, and vepuy the favor Ly shuse of them, th aapiro to be considered * indscndont, .and JEcro helr tile to the clalm by sousidg the Mopube can_ party only o Lttle lua than they abuso the mocraoy, ‘The *‘proclivities™ of the Domocratio party in Indisos are not for sound monoy,"but for fluctuating, irredeomablo scrip. The proclivitien of the Nopublicans of the same Btato, as ex- prossed fu thoir platforw, aro fu tho same dirce- tion, and-tho Journal supporla tho ohwplastor position ; it fs thorofors cloarly 8 * Ropublican paper of Domocratio praclisition.” ‘Wo obsorvo that tho Democratic stump-tall or- gans ovorywhora aro delighted with the con- temptible utterances of tho Monton Convention on the currercy question. The Cinclonatl En- quirer, which s tho grest rag-baby organ of Oilo, is particularly pleased, and wo aro half in- clined to think that it and the Indianapolis Jour- nal are not very wide npart in respoct to a Preusi- dential candldnte, ply to what the Journal suggouta: dency. *'Tho men ia strong and the wo could forgive the strong 800d hie has dung paper {enderly, Democratio party, auly certifid copy of tho bi Ohlo lsat pnmmer committed the folly that was ex- ed of them inthe inflation piatform adopted at lioy proposed to " tho curreney equal fo Yhe wants of 0y wers olumbus on tho 17th of Juno, *make and keop' trade. Upon this charlatan gmcllml\iml th combated and beagen, The Fopo's big too had very littlo to do with it.” This Democratio folly gava thi Republican leaders, Gov, 3onToN election of & Democratio Prealdent, The opposed tho Domocratio parly on tus ground of ita faleo doctrives in finance. Doos the Journal suppose the Commercial, having assalled the Domocrstio ine fiationiats in ONto, will turn sround and support tho Republican fnfistionista in Indisns? Oan the Journal think it tblo caly aftor ALLEN piatform, adopted st Columbus on the 17tk of June, 1876, will commond ths Monzox platform, which is slmost ocauso it & cafled Ropublican, and was the ono folly as w treated ihe The same false doctrines ars beblud both, The Journal msy probably Do ablo 1o inform ftaslf that tue Republicans can better sfford to accept the certainty of Josing Indisns than er pistform. 1f the MonTox-Indlans lons aro mado the basla of the Natlonal Repub- flean platform, the nomination snd dloction of Gov, TrLoEN 10 the Presidency 1s s certatnty, Rl laiall g other. Mr, Lewis Brewan, the nominee of the Do- catnr Itag-Baby Convention for Governor of Tllinals, iv doubtless poworful in the line of tall cnesing, and far bo it from us to lightly tmpugn bis efclonoy in profanity. It will porhaps be concodod that in that direction ho has fow oquals a0d no superiors among nominces—for Govern- oratlenst. Uut theclaim whick he makea in an intorviow printed in tho Ohicago Times, that his potent profanity alooe sent tho Aurora stoam- firo ongine to Chicago's asaistance at tho time of the groat firo, is too much even for thoso Lost scquainted with him ns su sccomplished swonrer. Honconow camon thes thou Fira-Marahalof Aurors and donies, not that BrEWARD on that occcaslon ald the tallest kind of tall cuselng, but that the same in the loast dogroo had oifoat to move that steamer from Aurora to Chicago. In point of fact, ho atates that Mr, SrewAnD's powerful pro- fauity didu't como into play unutil after tho steamer had boou taken to tho depot and was being put aboard tho train to be sent here. BTEWALD, we are informod, mado tha air in that vicinity fairly sulphurous with his volleys of oaths, Tho suthority upon which tho stoamer was sont bero i3 shown by the following docu- meula AuURoka, Oct. 9, 1871,—~We, lbs undersigned, mome« bers of the Comnion Councll of iha City of Aurors, sanction and will support the action of our Fire Mure ::?:il in sending our stcamer to tho relief of auffering cago, E & As Mayor of the City of Aurors, I am full opinion tat the steamer sbould be sent licago, and indorse any sction o Jouncil sy take with referance to sending th ked for, Warreuuaw, Mayor. The fact, however, romalua that AMr. Brewanp is miill sutitled to credit for the boavy objugatory perfarmance of which bo boasts, though nothing came of it save disguat of tlo bystandors, —_—— ‘Thus far there has baen a failuro on the part of the Transportation Roform Committeo to in- duco tho etovators to voduce thelr storage charges, or the railroad compauiss thowr car- awltching extortion, None of the roads excopt the Baltimore & Ohio bhas thus far delgned to nollce the request of tho Committeo to abate tho #2 por car tax, which it ts beliaved {s a porquisite of the ofticers. Wa obsorve that the preus every- whore'are talking sbout the switohiog, trimming, and elovatorcbarges in this city, For inatance, the Buffalo Fxpress says: “Thers is at Jast & fair prospect of & zeduction of the extort{ousts chargos for bandling grain fn Chicago, ‘The transportation rates of the ratllways Inn!.h:ftlnln thad ciby from the West havo been twics oF Shrice a much aa thoae of Eastern lines, snd a tax of $ia car s widded by the formner for swilching from (ke maln track 10 tho elovators, Extrs compeusation slso is do- manded for shoveling sud trimming, and they charge 2 conta & bushel for clovatiog and storsgs, ar fwies what the Buffalo clovatoraexact, It {s high time that Chicago maido some concestlon (o thls trade, Nooity 1n the country bas more to ssy about exiortionate trausportation rates and clavation charges at Ea porte than Chicsgo, while none haa cxscted higher rates for the samo kervice, The fax lovied oo graln cod £n store fu that city s equal (o the frelghtrate b was psid_for carrying miilions of bushels Lt ssas0n fromn Obicago W Buffalo, » distance (by water) oeany s thousand miles, There ReYer Was any ‘Wo will now lot tho Cincinvati Commerelal ro- Tho Journal iatba, organof amsn for the Prest. 0 paper s woak, and man_many sus for tho and we can afford to treat the weak cause {t cannot belp itself, The Clacinnatl_Consgtercial dosa notows the Republican picly anything but good will At a gemeral thing wo avo thought the Topublican’ yirty preforablo 1o tho imply bocause it was a lessor ovil, 1t wo are supposed to owe tho Ropublican pasty any speciic sum, wo will pay it upon_ preseatation of & Ths Domoerats of s Republican party o chisnce of retaining tho posseasion of tho national power. The most sgacious of the amang them, con- cedod that tho re-election of ALLEN would signify the 0 Cammmercial that the Commer- as bad, b adopted on tho 224 of February, 16767 We'sball treat : : B 5 JIHE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1878 A ; mzfi -l pr—— — d but ingl: fs only when in motfon, has conatantly Laen diszegarded X d, girls debauched by wholesale d far et ta TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. | s1n.erieiago for Al Mens wire it | ot dethts con | oy 20 CORINE o om0 who. ot . apall |7 e 1 e bt Pt 413 | Lt e vl o il xponss. {3 b | FSL AL S e 58 SR ihe businees is a0 graat that (he trada will avold Qhte cago altogether, tnloms uction It soon muda, Abalishing the 'awitcuing and telimtning charyes Iy only the Loginnitg of general cuttluy down of tor. ininal expensca, ——— ‘The Commerclal Advertiser of Duffalo, which rests it malu olmm to djstinotion upon the fact that it supports Bonator CoNxtixa for Trosident, now olaima that Pennaylvania will glve its entire vote for that gentloman in the opublican Convention! As the Oommercial Advertiser might, with oqual justice and probabllity, olaim the vcto of Illinols or any other Btate in tho Couvention for its candi. dsto, why doea it not simply figure up all the delogates and cast thom solidly for Coxz. taxa? DPerhaps it can in thatfway sccurs him tho nomination, and that is about ag noar aa he will ovor come to {t. ——— A corrospondont at Winons, Mion., who sska ‘why the Press is sometimes referred to as the *fourth estate,” will find his anawer ln the fact that Engllah writers distribute tho politi. cal power Into threo astates,—that of the King, tho Lords, and the Commons. « To Ebpxuxp Bonkr is generally ascribed the discovery of another and perbaps largor political power than that held by King, Lords, or Comnons, in the Press, and bs designated it as the fourth es. fato. PERSONAL. . Tichard Graot White has boen spoken of for Librarian of tho Astor Libraty, Ralary, 82,500, Tho boauty of o trisl by nowspaper s that it novor acquits, Baboock hias discovered this, and AMr. Beoclier also. Mr, Gyo, of Covent Garden, has sarved 3me, Paulive Luces with notlce of s sult for damages, which ho lays at 825,000, 1t {s stated in Prris that Alexandre Dumas has boon invited to write a prefacs to a new edition of the *‘Imitation of Ohrist.” Tho Rov. Mr. Murray proposes to have two pule pit chairs made out of tho limb of the Old Elm that he lugged away 8o valiantly. A young gentloman ** holding athelstio views* advertiuod yenterday for correspondonce with & young lady of similar tendencion. Carlylo has a pooulisr memory. Ho forgots to return boaks which be borrowa from others, but never forgots those which ho lends, " An interesting Iawsuit abont Miss Thompson's plcture, tho **Toll-Csll," rovenled the fact tha tho Iady only recelved $500 for this work, The Now York Sun aays thovarlety performer, Harrigan, foollshly throw away s littlo fortune by selling tho ** Mulligan Guarda " for $60 cash down, ‘Woston wore & volvot coat, jaunty hat, white kid gloves, and top-boots of thin patent Joather during bia rocent successful walking-match in Englond. ~ - Julls Bernard, a variety actross, was Lilled by s kinife-throwor at Heleoa, M. T., the othor day. Tho knifo wae to ba planted juast above the hend, but it woot a suade too low, Col. Fornoy is to loctura on Centonnial Expe- riences in Europo, in the Philadelphis Academy of Music, March 8, It is tuought the occnsion will bo *replota” with gab. Tt is said that Whitclaw Reld has offered $o mako tho New York ZTribune & religious daily it tho Christian capitalists will farnish him with fundo-to retain control of the papor. Nfr. Sothern's contrast for an appearance at Booil's Theatre, New York, has boen canceled, and tho run of * Julius Cresar” will continne, Sothern will probably appoar at Watlack'a. ‘Tho Krums of 8. Lonia have ** wired in and wirsd ont,” but thoy can’t make the public ba- liovo that It was not » momber of thair famjly who sddressed tho ** gontlomen of tho mob ™ in Altou, Max Mullor haw accepted the terms of the Ox- ford Univorsity Corporation, by which he rotalus his Professorship, loses binlf his incomo, and Ling oo assistaut appointed to porform the most onerous of his present duties. Tho Brooklyn Argus eays Mr. George W. Childs baa contributed & pair of boota worn by Marquis Lafayctto for exhibition at the Conten. nint show, and ha has gonerously offered to have them half-noled at his expense, if the committes decido that they ara too much worn, Tho Doston Post quotos SBenator Logan as authority for tho atatemont that Gon. Grant had dotermined to romovo Bristow from the Cabinet. The Post adds tual Sonator Logan would noj allow o wrong impresaion to got but as coming from him, excopt whon blufilog at draw-poker, Tho ** no-aeat-no-fare " war upon the street rallroad companies of New York contluues, with somo prospects of ultimate success. A young man who had his foot crashed by being thrown from the plstform of & crowded car has recov- eroa $1,760, or, s the Zerald puts it, the equiv- alont of 85,000 fares. ‘The man Msguire, othorwiso known as Judge* H. N. Maguire, of Montaoa Texcllory, is furnishe iug information without monoy and without price, in rogard to tho Yellowstons country, to the veporters of the Bt. Louls press. Judga Maguirs ought to leciure in the Double-Dima Lectare Courso in 8t. Louls, To hia littlo French lesson to the Honas the otlier day, the Iou. 8. B. Cox translated fera chevalinto **an Iron borue,” Mr. Cox has beem promptly and extonsively advised that, although Jer moans “iron” and cheval *horse,” fer a cheval is nolthor an **iron horss " nor.a **loco- motive," but slmply » * horashos,” Mr. Jamos Parton, In the courso of his teati- mony boforo the Aassschusotts Judiclary Come 1aittee, eaid that lus cogsgomont to his present wife waa mado teo days boforo the corsmony. ‘The main resson for not making s publio an- nouncemeont of the marriage was for fear the gontlomen of tho press might write squibs on the aubject and make fun at thelr oxpense, The New York Graphio assorts that Mr, Jamed Gordou Bonaott was not invited to tho Goyernor- Qeneral's ball at Ottawa. Ho presumed upon his namo and roputation, hired a speolal traln, made tho fastest time on record betwaen New York and Ottaws, and had the inexpressible mor- tification of learniog that no tickets conld be obtained to admit btneelt and party to the balk room., The noxt day, however, he dined with Promier Mackonzle and was formally proseated to the Governor-Gencrsl aud Lady Dufferin, Mr, Aloxander Agsssiz bas just been eleoted, in Lis father's place, to tha three zoological and natural history societled of Europe, In each of which the number of forelgn honorsry members ia lmited, namely : the Zoological Boclety of London, the Liunean, Saciety of London, and the Imperial Boolety of Natural History of Mos- caw, 1o hasbecn also the firat to receive the grand honorary Walker priza of the Boston Bo- clety of Natural History, which is given oace in five yoars for the most important pubtication during that period rolating to tho natural history of tho Unlted States. MOTEL AUBIVALS, JFalmer House—=Ths Camilla "Urso Troups, Now York; J, F, A, Willsms and 8, Leaviit, Madlson; Bamuel Carson, Boston ; Mors MoRoberts, New York; George ¥, Taylor, Madiacn; J, R, Sanborn and Harry Travet, Michigen; ¥, ¥. Aden, St, Lonis; ¥, J, Mo- Osnfield, G. B, sad J, ¥, Rleman, Dalth onag, Mich.j J. 'V, M. ‘Stophen Long, Burl M. ¥, Mann and G, 1, Ohriaty, o Deventer, Clinton, Ia, i, ¥, Ea remont Housr—Col, 1.’ ¥, Grene, \inger, Clevaland { the Hon. J, M. Eting iana | the Ifon. William Charles, Quin: rison, eyy £, A, Mor Rochsater; (he Hon, Wailace Pearce, Toronto; 0, 0, Hams 3 m, Boston Catlaghan, 't Louis ruvls, Hoston, ... Sherman House—F, 1. Paul; J. M, Danforth, Dubuque; H, M. Anthony, Portsmouth 1 D, L. Harloy + M, V, Dus- arlow, Porlamouts A tin, Richland Ganire, Wis, § John Gallu eator,N. i oo sl ac 10 Brzaa UL B el ¥, i R, L. Howard, Columb: D. Clevelaud, New Yorkj Mich.; E, B, Hi Clinton, OF iindn kg,