Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 18, 1875, Page 4

“HE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MOND \Y, OCTOBER 18, 1875 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATTN OF AUNBCRIPTION (PATARLY. TR ADYARCE). Postnge I'ropald at thia Om Teliy Rdition , poat-satd, 1 5 Farts of yon: Aailad) to any acdens o Sunday lidltion. 1.iters ezt 114 Weekly, posi-tatd, Paztaof yea: wrEES £ al keitgion WERKLY EDITIO! Doscopy, perFesr, Chib ef tiro, por eupy. Ul of twedty, per capy, The postags b 13 cant; Specimen copien sont free, “Fo prevont Gelay and mistakes, bs nure and give Dost-Office addreas In full, including Btateand County. Remittances may be made cithor by draft, express, Post-Office order, or in regiatered lotters, at our risk, o TERMB TO CITT SURACRINEES, Dagly, delivered, Bundsy excepted, 23 couts par waek, Daily, delivered, Sundsy inciuded, Addrren THE THIBTY <'orner Madicon ani Dearbor panisbialilitaie e ey 7 AMUSEMENTS. MOVICKER'S THEATRE—Madiren street, hitween |»-{nmnxmd State. Logagemeutof Joun MeCullougl, “ Jaek Cade” WOOD'S MUBLUM-onros stecet, botween Dear- Yorn and Btate. Afternoon, * Aurors Flogd,” Even- iog, * A Dangerous Game,” ADELPHI THOEATRE—Deatborn sfreet, corner Monroa, Varloty porformance, MOOLEY'S THEATRE—~Randoiph street, Letweeu mnrk u;: LaSalle, Engugement of the Californin natre ACADEMY OF MUSIO—Halsted streat, Letween Madinon and_Mouroe, Lngagementof Frank Mayo, * Dary Crockatt," PLYNOUTH CHURCH wrty, Bubject ; “ Orstors, SPRINGER'S GREAT SHOW—Corner Madfson sud Slizabeth streots, Afternoon and evenlug, x.turo by Diniel Dough- "BUSINESS NOTIC:S. TO ONE AND ALL-ARE YOU RUFFERING FROM A coogh, culd, asthma, bronohitls, or any of the sarious alsvinary iroubles, that ro uiten and In consomption ! ten, uso ** Willor's Para Cod Liver U1l and Lime." o ffe kadoMeaclonsramady, I nlslanc qusck proparation ut s regulagly presceibed by thie fag aoufa unly by A, n.'(s"n.uou. Cliow Hold by all re The Chicags Tribune. Monday Mornmg, Octobor 18, 1875. At the New York Gold Exchonge on Sat- nrday, greenbacks, ot the opening, were suoted at 83}, from which price thoy de- slined to 854, closing at that figure, The fact thot Indian Agent Savinie has ro- signed ia stated in the most positive way possible for snch an saponucemont—by the sppointment of his succestor at tho Red Cloud ‘Agency. $o it appears ihat tho charges of Prof. Mansm, the stateinonts of Savors Watken, and the lotters of Wirnian Wrrsy, havo not been in vain, after all. The Opposition barbeous at Turner Park yesterday was a complote fizzle. Some roast- #d animnls were provided largely in oxcess of the demand. Roast Devil-Fish was not on the bill of faro ; it was not * done " yet, and will not bo until after tho Republican fire to be kindled to-morrow shall have burned tiorcely and steadily up to the 24 of No- vouber, Wirrzan ALuex hes been interviewed. Ho takes hin defent philosophically, and can find it in his heart to say that he ia glad sodecent smon 03 Gov, Haves was clocted. From Lis unwillingness to say anything about Sast Cany it is evident he could nol bave truth- fully made the romark if 8. 0. had chanced to occupy the lending place on the successful ticket. According to tha telegraphie report of what Prof. Jexser seid upon his arrival at Chey- enme, the Governmental geological expedi- Corn was in light demand aud 1e lower, clos- fog at 55Je cash nvd K3ke for November Onts wers quict and easier, closing at D3je for Qotolier and 321c for November. Rye eas tirm, ot Tie, Barley was quiet and fin, closing st 97c for October and 93{c for No- vember. Hogs were quiet and a shnde lower, with the bulk of the sales at %7.30@7.80. Cnitle were in good demand and were firm, nt %2.50726.50 for poor to extra. Bheep sold moderately, and were quoted ensy at $8.00@ 4.75. One htindred dollars in gold would Luy $110.87} in greenbacks at the clese, Frow tha letter of the Rev. H. W, Troas, until recently pastor of the the First Moethod- ist Church in this city, but now assigned to Aurora, may be gathered somo facts of inter- est in rolation to the banishment of that very talented preachier from his great field of e fulness in Chienyo, whera he had secured o tion hns discovered a belt of country in the Black Hills 20 miles wide nnd 40 miles long which will pay the gold-miner from $3 to 94 perday. Tho whole country waa thoroughly mapped, Tho suthentio news of gold exist. ing there will hava the effect to again nnset- Ye all arrstic minds, and, until the Indians aro got rid of, at lesst, will be the direful #pring of woes unnumbered to the adventur- vus element in all American communities, We print elsewhero 8 short and practical rommunication from Jonx G. SmoaTaLy, Lsq., touching the Humane Bociety, which should commend itself to all humano men. Being destitute of nny sppropriations for its papport, its members have lovied upon them- velven to keep it in operation, and now they need the belp of the public in order to make thelr work systematio ond " continuous. It ig » lofty and noble work, which ought to be enconrnged by all, and the ¥10 subscriptions which Mr, SnorTavLL suggests ought to come pouring in without delay, We commend his rommunieation to the chnritable and humane peoplo of the city, The question of union of tha Protestant and Mothodist Episcopal Churches is made the subject of au interesting letter printed in this issue. The writer, occupying the Prot- estant Episcopal standpoint, is ready to al- it that the surrenders, if it should ever bo deemed desirablo to unite the two sccts, must chiefly eoma from the Episcopalians, and that the Methodists would lave a short rnd eagy road to travel iu order to reach the point of unifleation. Issue is talen, how- sver, with Bishop HAvEN'S assertion concern. ing tho Apostolic euccession us coming throngh Jomy Westry, and thence to Come md Assuay, the writer ohallenging proof that Weatny was over ordained Bishop by Enmunrus of tho Grecl Church, ar that Wes. ey over pratended to have ordained Coxe or dsuuny, m——————————r— Close upon the nccounts of STANLEY's trav. oly nnd digcoveries in the hitherto unknown wilds of Africa comes the roturn of tho Dritish steamer Pandora frpm the Arctio re- gions, and s full acconnt is forwarded by tho cable of her adventurous voyage in search of the remains of Bir Jonmy FuaNELIN aod for a possible Northwest Passage, ‘The Puandors was extromely successful in nvoid- ing tho frozen dsngers of the polar mens, and pushing safely into waters never Leforo nevigated unless by the Ercbus and Terror, of Frangrin's expedition, but in the attempt to push through Bollol's Btrait tho sleamer cencountered a solid barrier of ice, fnd Capt. Youna, her commander, porceiv ing no advuntage to bo gained by going into winter quarters, concluded to put back for England, where the ship arrived yestarday, 'The Chicago produce markets wero very Irrogular on Saturday, Mcs pork wes active, sud, doclined nearly $1.00 per brl, closing at $:21.25@21.80 for October and #18.95 seller thoyeur, Lard was quiet nod stesdicr, closing ®f, 813.40 per 100 s cash, and HiLli@ 3290 seller tha year, Meats were quiet, ot o for summer shoulders (boxed), 12@ 18c for short ribu do, and 18@13{c for short clear do. Highwines were more notive and »leady, at §1.18) por gallon. Lake freights were qulel and steady, at Sjo for wheat to Buldo, Flour way in light dewand and Sruw. Whest was active and stronger, closing st 113 cash and §1.103 scller Novewber. firm fooling in the estcem, respect, and admiration of Protestants of all denomina. tions. A Presiding Elder, possessing not a titha of the ability and power for good which Dr. Tnosas has exercised in Chicago, bos taken upon himself the functions of nn ecclesinatical tribunal, and passed upon the question of theologival sound. ness, profoundly adjulging that n pastor who was * too liberal” for a groat city will coxactly fill the bill in a small coun- try town,~—nll beeayso Dr. Trosas was promi. nently identified with the Philosophical Saciety, aud because he onco officiated at the funeral of n dead billinrd-player and made 8 brief addross withont jutroducing a singlo allusion to tha lake of firo and britmstone. In roligious cireles in Chicago tho feeling will ba one of general regret that the Rock River Conferenca saw fit to gratify the whim of the Presiding Elder and send into exile a preachor already placed where ho could do the most good. *“FAITH ARD RESOURCES" One of the radical chauges in the tinaucial policy of tho Government demanded by those who desire a curroncy based wupon the ¢ faith and resources” of the nation is that the gold balance kept in the United States Treasury shall be used to buy in bonds, aud thereby save the interest, or an aversge of sy 250,000,000. This done, they demand an ndditional issne of $100,000,000 or §500,~ 000,000 greenbncks, redeemable in undefined *¢fnith and resources” that have never been inventoried. This condition of things is nll that is necessary, thoy think, to establish universal prosperity and happiness. Perhaps a fair idea of tho effect of this programme, if carried out, may be best obtained by recall- ing the oxperience that has passed into his- tory under the name of * Black Friday."” Tt had become the established policy of the Troasury Dopartmant to lkeep a large gold resorve. 'This reserve ranges all the way frotm $40,000,000 to £90,000,000. It is rarely 0a high s the latter figure, particnlarly in the last couple of years, when the surplus rove- nues have been small} but Seeretary Caasz held that it was unsafe to allow the gold bal- aaca to ran down below the former figure. Mis successor, Mr. McCrrrocn, an able financier, held to the same opinion. Mr. Hovrwern Qid not violently break in upon tho policy, but lie ovidently misconstrued tho purpose of the reserve, and made ill- judged usesof it, 1Te belioved that its actual presence wos all that was mecessory, and oven gave out that it would never have to bo usod for tho object for which it is ratained. When it became known that Mr. BovrweLn intended to abido by this belief, GorrLp and Fisg, and other bold and unserupulous spec- ulatord, saw an apportunity for a grand gold- corper, Thoy went fnto Wall strest and awong the banks of New York, and quietly borrowed all the gold they could lay their hands on, paying the current rates for ten, twenty, or thirty days, or’ longer. When they entered into the scheme, gold was hov. ering abaat 180, going up or down 1 or 2 per cent, according to the immediate supply and demand. Having securgd all tho gold they could in this way, thoy\ locked it up. Then their brokers went into open market and offered to purchase gold. They offered 135, then 140, then 145, and found every- body ready to sell as the price went up, All at once they stopped buying and called for the delivery of what they had purchased. The sellers then found that all the gold in the market had disspperred. The cliqne bad it locked up in thelr vaults, and were in o position to ask just what thay pleased for it. Thero wora importing merchants who wore forced to have it at auy price. TheWall street operators who sold at what they sup- posed were high prices were forced to pay very much higlor pricos to get the stuff for delivery, or could not get it at all, and went under. Merchants in tho foreign trade who had paper folling due in Euoropean centres wero forced to buy gold at any price, or per- mit their paper to be dishonored and them.- selves put into bankruptey, There was unle vorsal diumay. It wns at this time that .the President interfored, and issued s peremptory order to Bocratary Borrwewrs to send Govern- ment gold to New York, and sell it at the Sub-Treasury. It only required the compara- tively small sum of §,000,000 to break the cornor, because the apeculators and the mer. chants know there were $10,000,000 or &50,- 000,000 buck of it, ready to be put out if wpecesanry, Greenbacks, which had jumped up from 180 to 162 for 100 of gold, quickly fell back to 128, and a month or so later went down to 124, But if the Govornment had not been in possession of this large reserve, there wonld have been no relief till gold could huve been brought back from Europe, and over from Australia and California, and the gamblers would have broken thousands of sucrchants aud convalied the nation, Terhaps the situation cau be better under. #tood in thin scction of the country by an il- lustration of the wame principle in grain, Nowrly overy month there in & corner of more or less inaguitude u gome one of the spocu- Iative grain markets of Chicago, A combinn. tion i formed to Jock up the corn, or wheat, or oats, that can be delivered in Chlcngc’» within a certain time, generully at tho ond of the current month. Tt s known with tolern. ble accuracy how much of the particular grain is available for delivery within the upecified time, and those who sell for future delivery and cannot get hold of the gruin are forced to sottle on the terms that muy be dictated to them. Now, supposo the City of Ohicago, or the Board of Trade, kept & Yeservo -stock of three or four millions of bushels of each of these grains in store, ready to put it out at any time it was needed, o **corner” in the market would no longer be posslble. This jg what the Goveruntant does with refercuce to gold, ‘We hiave ropeatod this twice-told tale, not £0 1nuch for the purpose of vindicating the Government policy of Lueping a gold re. serve (which oxperience has shown to be ab. solutely essentinl to the welfuro of the coun. try), but to indicate tho coudition of things thers wonlll bw if we relied upon * faith and suayuiuen'! wous ay the fouudation of our they hear laborers including Wwo are the United Stntes lovies annually o tax upon the consnmers of silk goods, including goods whero »ilk in mized with worsted, linen, or cotton, of 26,000,000, Of this tax thers iy paid into the Lreasury, perhiaps, some $13,- naifonal enrrency. Now, with $370,000,000 in groenbacks, and restrainod by an available gold balance of from 340,000,000 to #80,000,- 000 in the Treasury, the speculntors can only suddunly vary the gold preminm n very few cents one way or the other. But if the nmonnt of greonbacks were doubled, aud the gold roserve in tho "Treasury were nbolished (or run down to 21,000,000 or :20,000,000), thers is no power on earth that could restrain tho Jay Gouwps of Wall strect from combin. ing, from time to timo, to ran gold up, that in, greenbacks down, to any figura they might chioose, There wonld be oight or ten big gold corners every year, affecting the whole country in the most frightful manner. Often heso “comers” would knock the value of greenbacka below a0 cents. The power of the gold cliquo wonld be so unlimited, their use of it sonnserupulous, and its cffects ko dmnaging and far-reaching, that our for- vign commerce would be parnlyzed, if not ut- terly destroyed. Men would not daro to buy abrond in gold and sell at home for green. backs, They wonld not know at what time they might count their greenbacks on hand, aud find, at current rates, that they had not recaived half for their goods in gold value that they had paid. Black Fridaya would not be n thing of a lifetime, but a monthly ocentrenee, Bankruptey would pot be con- fined to the speculators, but the entire mer- centilo community would be scooped into the net. * Faith avd resources” would then count for nothing. The business community would be at the merey of wily and unserupu- lons combinntions. The speculators would liave everything their own way for a time, and then wonld come a general crash, includ- ing repudintion and nat‘onal disgeace. Noth- jng less could ever restore the old order of things, States, including the watered stock, and have enough left to give ench operative in the sill- fnctories six monthy' extrn wages. Desides this corn, this Congressional District pro- duces whent enough to feed ten times the whole nnmber of porsons employed in the silk business; sells niore onts than would pay alt the srages that are now paid to all the silk operatives in the country; scfls moro pota- toes and other field products than wonld buy all the raw sitk used in the American silk es. tabliskiments. The eapital invested in the bare land would purchiase the $14,600,000 sup- posed capital invested in sitk manulacture fivo times over. This Congressional District, after feeding its own popnlation, sends hogs enough to market whicli, when eold for cash, worlld pay the entiro wages hill of the silk manufacture of the United States, and give ench operative n barrel of pork and n barrel of flour in addition. The countios compos- ing this Congressional Distriet have over 150,000 population, or ten tinics as wany ns are omployed in all the silk factories of the United States. Hesides sustaining themselves and being supplied with the comforts and luxuries to which the unfortunate silk opera- tives aro lotal stranyers, theso peoplo sell annnally of their surplus products from 323,000,000 to F30, 000,000, ndding that much to the national wealth. Tor tho support of the sill manufacture the country is taxed 530,000,000 o year, one~ | half of which is paid as a bounty to the man- ufncturers, under the plea that they roynive it in order to pay prineely wages to their opern tives, But for the owners of the land and the agricultural producers, who number nioro than half the population of the country. and who alone produce a surpluy, there is no pro. | tection, They are taxed to support the pauper infants left on the nation's doorstep. The A PROTECTED INDUSTRY, ‘The third annuel report of the Sik Associa- tion uf Awerica furnishes the tigures which cxpress the details of silk manufacture in the United Stntes for the year omiding Jan. 21, 1874, From this report we get the fol- lowing facts: That there are 180 firms oud corporations engoged iu the manufaeture of silk goods; of thewe there avo 70 in New York, 42 in New Jersey, 23 in Penusylvanin, and 21 in Connectient. These establishments smploy in all 14,470 workinen, of which 9,845 are females. The capital employed {s %11,703,184, Tho value of the total proditetion was ,082, 482, The whole sura paid for woges was 34,497,519, Wo have two important points established by these figures. First, we have the propor- tion which the cost of Inbor bears to the value of the manufactured product; aund, secand, the aggregato amount paid to pro- tected labor. Xn the case of the silk mann. facture, that proportion is something less than 3 per cent. In other words, upon ench dollur of silk manufactures there aro but 23 cents expended for the support of Ameriean labor. The other 77 ceuts rapro- sent the cost of new material and the interest on capital. By reference to the samo report wo learn that the total valuo of the raw silk jmported into the United States in 1874 was £5,017,213, Adding 31,000,000 more for othier materinl, wo have an expendituro of 5,000,000 for material and 4,300,000 for Iabor, muking together 0,500,000, which, de- ducted from (he volae of the mannufactured proiduct, lenves o surplas of 11,500,000 to remunerate the $14,708,184 capital invested ond employed, nud to pay such other ex- penses ay are not included in the costof labor and materint, The report omits all mention of the enst of prodnction, The Congress of the United States bns in 1o ono of the wany items whick make up the tariff more grossly prostituted its powers to oppress the people then it has dono in the caso of this platoon of manufacturers of sille. It hos levied a tax of 60 per cent on nll goods made wholly or in part of silk imported into the United States. When the freight aud othior charges are ndded to this duty, and the premium on gold both on the original cost and on the duty, the protection furnishied, or the bounty levied, does not fall much short of 75 per ceut in currency. The wide margin betwoeen the cost of labor and of the raw material, and the value of the products, may bo largely explained by this enormous tax imposed on all competing silk goods, This business of levying n protective tax to beueflt partiouler classea of persons Is con- ceded to be a robbery ; but it is claimed that this rabbery, bocausa it warrants the manu. facturers of silk goods {o pay enormous wages to American labor, enables these Amer- jenn laborers to live in princely style com- pared with the panper laborers of Europe. This is the pretext on which a tax of 7 per cent ia lovied upon cach pieco of ribbon or fringo, braid, binding, velvet, craps, or em- broidery, which is bought or -used iu the TUnited Staten, Thero is not n girl in the country who hns to buy enough ribbon for herhat, or asilk neck-tie, or a sash, but pays 43 conts out of every dollar she spends as A spacin] bouuty to these 180 persons and com- ponies who aro fostering Awerican labor by payiug it costly wagen ! ‘Fho silk operatives in the United States, n told, number 14,479 persons, and they are paid, including the skilled workmon, an average of 310,64 for 312 days of ten hours' labor. The averngo weokly pny of the American Inborers in whoss behalf the Gov- ernment laysa tax of 75 per centon B10,- (00,000 of silk mnnafactures consumed apuunal- ly in the country is %56.98 in poper, worth 85 cents on the dollar. How the Inborers of Turope will howl with rage when that in free America tho in tho manufacture of sill, the skilled workman,—~who, informed by this repori,—earn &6 per day,—averago €3.98 per week, or 10,61 per anuum, Tho Government of protest ngninst taxation to enrich others who add nothing to the counby’s wealth,~who nover produce a dollar’s worth of anything that can be sold outside the country. demand that they Lo released from paying ennnot live without being o charge upon the conntry., ism; ita children are cowmon tramps; and the silk mauufacture are not exceptions, AMERICAN CREDIT ABROAD, Our forcign relations may not be iguored in auy discussion of our financisl system. Tho whele people of the United Stoates are as intimaltely connected with the other Govern- ments of the world as tho people of nno State are with those of another. The entiro atructnre of our foreign commeree rests npon tho integrily of our obscving contracts. We have to seck n wmarket abrond for what we produce beyoud the necessities of homeo consumption, We go abroad for all artictes of consumption not produced or mauufac- tured at all, or not in aufficient quantities, nt home. Qur very isolation, which renders us peculiatly indopendont in ono ‘sense, makes our foreign relations excoptionally delicate and important in another, We can only hope to utilize foreign capital for home de- velopment by o strict and honorable preserva- tion of nll the principles of international comity. W alrendy owe thousauds of mill- ions of dollars abroad. We went to England our Government to put down the Rebellien, Every State and Iarge city in the Union are borrowens in the foreign market. Our enor- mous raillway uystem has been attained with tho nusistanco of capital from abrond. Every important Awmerican enterprise seeks aid in Europe, Thesoe are some of tho reasons why every public discussion and every political campnigy, invelving in tho remotest degreo the integrity of our nationnl debt, are of the utinost concorn in Huropean capitals, It is no wonder, therefore, that the announcement of tho Olio victory in favor of honest money wad received in Enropoe with enthusiastic signs of gratification, Another evidence of the importance of this phaso of the question is found in au editoriel article in the London Times of Oct, 1, writ- ten before the result of the Ohio election could be gnessed, and in a spirit partly hopo- fal and partly despondent, Tho sericusness of the issue, a8 it wn¢ preseuted to tho English mind, is sufliciently indicated by the fact that the Z%mes regarded the flerce campaign in Obio snd the goneral in- terest it oxcited throughout Europu ns * lan- guid” in comparison to what it ought to be, and eays that ** it may be the money markets of Europe will be presently aroused to a con- sclousnens of what wome reckless politicinns aore striving to cffect in the United Btates, and n sudden awakening may produco s dan- gerous panic.” Happily this has been avert- ed by the trinmph of Jhe Republican party in Ohio, which foroeasts its prolonged control of tho uotional finances upon honest and politico-economical prineiples. "Pho {endency and eventual ontcome of the Qootrine of dilution advocated by the Olio TDomoerats sre properly understood and ap. prociated ju Eorops. Iu tho course of the article to which we have referred, the Lunes Bays 1’& will, indeed, reflect discredit on Democratic inati- tuttony all over tha world if the popular vote fn the Western States, which, It 1s aupposed, will for the mnst part follow the lead of Obio next year, fa given in fa~ vor of what iv foolishly csllcd *tho poor msu% cur ronoy.” 1f mapy year:of politicat responsibility, of proctical exercien {n tha dutfes ot cltizenship, of suc. cesstul siruggion fu buslness, can train the shrewd of ends and means In politics, the peoplo of Ol Qiana, and Towa ought not to beinferior in theaoqualls tiea to any comniunity ou the face of tha earth, Com. mon achools, newapapery, publis meotings, municipa) governwmant—all the educationsl machinery which moved o admirstion of Dx TO0QUEVILLE--have dana their beet for thesa Western men, ‘I'lie resnlt will prove the efticiency of thesa very educational ngencies that are hiers clted. There i just ons consideration which we be- lieve is fully apprecinted by the peopla of this country that will save them from nny 1n. cy ws pro proposed by tho ALLkns, PENDLE. Toxs, Fwivas, Kerreys, and Doreens, It is that all roads away from rosumption lead to 00,000; the other $12,000,000 bolng | ropygiation, An irredecmable curroncy fu the bounty collected to foster and P ' 1 4 oucouruge home® industry, oud aspe- always o menace of this result, which would by Lo bastened and made inevitable by lncreas- ing its lssue and poatponing ity conversion. The only trustwortby protection against this qQanger is to be looked for ju the struggle against it which the London Zimes oatlines s follown: ‘Tha poople of the Untied Siates have » fund of come won rensa which will save thum from the mout fatal ecially to pay American labor | liberal wages. Wo find that this liberal wages is an uverage of $1 per day —out of which ara to ‘e paid house-rent, fuel, clothing, and faod. This tax Las now been in operation noarly fourteen years, It was slightly reduced at one time, but tho lest Congress hastened to yestore it. ‘The Importanco of this manufac- ture as an cxcuse for the levy of such an cnormous tax to support it, and to make it profitable to those epgaged in it, mny be illustrated by the complring figures of an in- vestwent in agriculturo, the number of per- #ons ataploged, aud the value of the produs- tion, iu a single Congressional District in Hlinos, In this State we have a Congresaional Dis- trict which uveragea 85,000,000 bushels of corn sunually,—onough to buy out the entire silk manufucturing busiuess of ths United re)oct the muggestion of tampering with property or repudiating astlonul obligations, ‘Taey can wpooal to a security against themischief of the fnflation Leresy which the Americen Constitution provides, sud thst s AlLe power of the Bupreme Court toaunul as uncor coutraveniion of Jegal ovutracts, even (hough wuch schemes ahould Le samciionsd by Congress, This aafeguacd, (ndecd, may be braken down lu time 1€ tha culpabile weakness of those who have 1t fu thelr powor to stem tha tide of iguorant cupidity should abandon the atruggle, Waelops and belleve, lowever, that the powertul commercial apd tudustrial communitiea of the Atlanito States will exert themselyes as they oushit ngriculturista nsk no proteetion; but they | They | hounties to the support of any industry that | Proteelion is the parent of panper. . the 180 individuals and companies engegedin | and Germany for the funds which enabled i e —————— et torepelan attack which strikes fndirectly, but with most Jeadly forco, at the security of property and the atatulity of publio and private credit in the Unfon. Tho result of the Ohio election will | strengthen the faith of the Europenn nations i iu the stendfnstness of the Amerienn purpose to justify the claim of popnlar governiment to foyeign confidence nud to national integ- rity. Tho characteristic comiuon sense of our people has enabled them to digcover the ultimato danger threatened by tho watering of tho enrrency, notwithstanding tho speolous efforts of its advocates to conceal tho rent purpose and logical outcomo. The timo Is yot far distant, and we Lope it whl nover come, when the socurities of tho United Statos, public or private, will rank in Euro- pean centres with those of Houth American and Mexiean Goverments. pREta el LIQUOA TAX IN MICHIGAN. Iho people of Michigin are not only n temporato people, Lt they lavo carried their temperance notions to the extreme length of prohibitisg tho sale of liguor of all kinds in that State. Tho Prohibitory law, however, hats been n dead letter, liquor boing seld in Michigan with perfect impunity. The ouly elfect of tho law was to render contracts for the sale of lquor in Michigan void, whereby if & wholesale denlor iu Detroit sold o bill of liquors to aman on credit lio could not ro- cover the price thercof. This diffcul- ty, howevor, did not reduce the quantity of liguor cousumcd in the State. It Torced the Michigan denlors to have agencics boyond the State border, wheneo all buyers were ordorad, and at which pirces tho con- tracts wero dated. Michigan nlso becsmo n { grand field for the runners for lquor houses in all tho adjoining States; these en can- vagsed the Stato perhaps far more clogely than ever did the ngents of tho Bible or Tract Society., The moral sense of tho | Btate would not authorize a license law, Tho coudition of things was, theratore, that the Prohibitory Jaw was inoperative, though (u the statute-book; that there was no Yicenso Inw, and no revenue fyom lignor sales; and that the wholesale trads was driven be- yond the limits of the State. At last tho Legislature was induced to pass a Iaw levying o special tax upon the sale of liquors in the State. This Inw was con- ! fested by two classos of persons, Its consti- | tutionality was denied by these who refused { 1o pay the tox on the ground that it was not o general tax,—that it was o tac levied npon s special class of persons engnged in a special trade, Its constitutionality was also denicd ! by the extremo temperanco men who held | that the sele of liquor veas prohibited by law, ! that it was on illegal and unautherized traflie, and that to tax it was o recognize and legnl- | ize it. { The Supreme Court of the Stato hss just reudered 8 decision, afiirming that there is a wny of denling with the Hquer trafiie besiden { prohibiting it and letting it slope, It hos decided the tax law to bo constitutionnl. The Court held that taxalion was & return demanded for the general benefits of Gove { orment. If the Goverument be put to specinl inconvenience and cost by keepingnp o prohibited trofiic or maintaining o nuiennce. this fact is sufllcient ronson for a diserimina. | tion in taxation ngninst tho penton engnged i in such traflie. It further held that, if the tax he imposed on a thing which is prohibit- ed, the law imposing tho taz, instead of he- ing inconsistent with the Prolribitory law, is in entire harmony with its gemeral purpose, and mny possibly be oven more effectunl. Diseriminations in taxation ought to be in the direction of malking the heaviest burdens fall upon thoso thinga which are obnoxious to the public interest. | 'The pupers of Michigan greatly rejoice in .thiy settlement of the crooked and vexed question, Tho tnx levied i3 a heavy one. Practicelly it is regarded ss s benofit to the enuse of tempernnce, The liquor traffic is veached now by lnw in ono of the severest forms, instend of being as bwrctofors nomi- nally illegsl, but unrestrained, and yieldingno revenue to the Stato. e iiiar B 50MZ QUEER ALABAMA CLAIMS, Tho Court of the Comimissionors of Ala- bama Claims resssembled in Washington chout ton days ago. Thoy have so far dis. posed of 500 cases, and have awarded judg- ments to the amount of $1,700,000, with interest nmounting to more than §765,000. ‘Tha latter item will incroass, of course, till the day of payment. The Government has @oinad about §3,225,000 in claims that bave been disallowed or dismissed,—180 in num. ter. Some very curious claims have been pro- sented, Ouno of them, involving the ques- tiou of *‘inferential damages,” was for ‘¢ praspectivo profits” that wore not realized onaccount of the Alsbama's interference. Tt was the cost of a whaler, fitted out fora thirty months' cruiso, which was pursued on ler way to the Arotic Ocean by tho Alabama, compelled to lcave the fshing-ground, and prevented from roturning thore for somo time, but was not coptured, 'The scason's cateh was thus missed, snd the * prospective profits” of that season was estimptod at 350,000, The case was elcborately argued, but the Court held that the claim was exclud. ed by the law of Congress which lmnited clnims to damago that rosulted directly from the cruisors. The Court has followed tho strictest interpretation of this saction of the law. Damages are allowed for goods actu- ally deatroyed at the value of the goods nt the ‘mother-wit of an Amcrican o an intelligent perception | place and time of shipment, with G per cont interest till dato of destruction; for loss of frejght from the time that freight began to be enrned; nud for all goods purchased in coin, tho value is estimated at the depreciation of the currency ot the time the purchase was’ made, Among the unlque claims presented was that of a clergyman who hiad been appointed {Consul at some place in Chioa, and was cap- tured en route; ho claimed $10,000 for loss of oftice and its honors, A Californian want- such dangerous experiments with the curren. e 100,000 for tho * loss of opportunity " of waking that amount of money in real estate apeculations. He was deterred from making the journoy to California by the threatened danger of being ecaptured the Alabama or Shenandosh, and he kpows that, if he had gouo, he would have usde several hundred thonsand dollars, The same person had another claim becauso he was prevented by a similar cause from selling a patent spring-bed-bottom in ’| California, out of which he is gure he would have made $50,000. The Government very conssquenoes of perilous princiylos, sud, whils trying | unfeelingly rofused to recognize the Justico esperiments with their cusrency, they would st once | of thesa claitns, Some admirablo instances of pure patriotism and personal bravery Lave come out fu the courss of examining clalms. Oune was the temerity of Capt. Youxo, oom- monding a whaler called the Favorite, Upon stitutional any schemea dealing with the curronoy 16 | yhg gpproach of ome of the Bhenandoah’s bonty, ho hauled out an old bomb-gun which wan kopt for signels, armoed his wen with muskets, and warned the offlcer that he would firo into his boat if he didw’t draw ofl Tho Shenandoal then steamed alongside, the conusander arderod Oapt. Youxa to haul down Lig flag, and ths following converaation cusuad “Hanl t down yourelf, G—d d—n you! i you think 1t will be good for your couatitation, ™ 7¢yon don't haul It down we'll biow you out of swater," nal 1 tho officer, “Blow away, my hok, tut may 1 be etermilly Disated 3t 1 haul down that Nay for any cuwsed Lone fedarate pirate that sver Goated,” Tho commnnder of the Sbenandoal ad- mired tho old fellow's bravery so mnch that ho did not not fire n nhot at tho craft, but brought him and his crew off through an anned boat's crew. It is not beliaved that the Court will ho able to completo its work by Jan. 23 mext, which ir tho limit fixed by Congress. In the meantinte, it is anticipnted that there will bo another effort made to forco sn opening for insurnnee claims by tho eoming Congress. If thero is, the Dowocratic msjority will bo furnished an opportunity for testing its vouated opposition {5 jobs, and wa hope it may coine out 8 well g the Republican ua- jority has done herctofave, IBELAND AND ¥REE TRADE, A system of protection, rigorously applied, ruined Ireland, The British Govornmont exercised that patornal cara over Irish fndng. try which our protectioninty seem to rogard ns the highest good of Government, It directed what trades should be pursied nnd what should not., It exercised a complete control over the exports and imports of the Emerald Inlo. It interfered, in a word, with the free course of trade with all tho meddie- poniy ofticiousness that even Pig-Tron Kerarr could desire, By doiug 8o, it turned the in- habitants of the const iuto smugglers nod those of the iuterior iuto potato-caterd. This mushy vegetable coutaina scarcely o ftrace of Lunin-food. The mation which eubsista upon it cannot hold its own with n peoplo whose staple diet 13 brend and beef. BuckLe'w picture of the woes entniled upou Ireland by the in- troduction of the potato is partly tauey, but not wholly so. ‘Thore is o admixiure of fact. Whilo the Irieh lived on potatoes, they raised great crops of grain, The [Diritish corn-laws kept grain at o faney prico, nhove tha reeeh of the poor. So the wheal was sent to England and the pensant who enlti- wated it lived, with his faiily, on bushels of potstoes and salt and oue pig during the year. The protection given to agvienlture was starving the agriculturist. At this juncture, Compry secured the repesl of the corn-laws. The previous agi- tation had resulted fn vemoving nemly all the other special burdens on Irish indng- try. For thirty yeavs, then, Irish trade Deen free. 'The rosults nre something mave velons, The grain.growing hich was Coreed into unuatural and unbealthy promi. | nence by a high tariff ou Americen nud olher foreign grain has been well nigh abandoned. Erin has becomu o great eattie-growing land beef has supplanted potatoos. Beef pays the farmer far better than wheat, which wore ont his land, Tour dnily lines of steamshipy, designed expressly for the transporintiou of: live-stock,—cattle, slieop, and pigs,—ply bes tweon Irish nnd Scotch or English pbrt s Ireland solls the two sister kingdoms LUi1,- 000,000 worth of enttlo every year, Tor laad haos been rested sud manured; her people have becoma comparatively prosperous, sy their saving-broks' deposits of $150,000.£00 cloguently testify ; snd her suanufactures have flourished. B8he no longer exports grain, On the contrary, sho imports it, aftor eating nll she produces. She consnmes about 10,- 000,000 bushels of American wheat every yeor. ‘The direct shipments of our whent to lier ports cover but a small part of her whole importation, for much of the grain sent to Liverpool is reshipped there to Dubiin and Belfast, It isan interesting fact, nnd ona that sperks volumes for free trade, that bread wmade of American wheat is far c¢heaper in Treland than bresd made of Irivh whent used to be, when grain-growing was ihe main in- dustry of the jsland. The history of these thirty years is one prolonged illustration of the solid benefits of freedom of commeree. At a meoting of busiess-men of Davenport, Rock Isiand, and Molino, and others utercs:ed, ~at tha former city, on Saturday,—with Messrs. OsreenEna snd TRUMRULL, ropresontatives of the Qerman bonduolders, erticles of Incorpora- tion for tue roorgapization of the Recitford, Rock Island & 8¢, Louls Railroad Companv wera drawn up, Tho now Company is to stark with €8,000,000, 10 per cont of which is to bo paid up at once, which sum is to be applied tovard reim- bursement of the bondholders for tho mwount expended fn purchiase of tho road at tho fore~ clesaro sale. On the 1st of March, of July, aud of Novomber, 1876, and semi-anuuaily therealter uutil Aay 1. 1894, additioual inatalmentd of & per cent cach ave to be paid, The now Company will organize s0 soon as $1,000,000 stack 18 sub-. seribad, which smonut, it s expected, will bo takon in Rock Island, Davenport, snd Moline, elone. It is claimed tbat the dividends will pay the b per cont ipstallmonts to tho bond- holdorn, after the first 25 por ceut of the stock ghall have been paid up. Owlag to the absonao of Mr, L. Scunicken, ono of the princtpal capitaliets interestod, flual acion wan deforred unti! to-morros, whon Lie will bo'pros- oot ond anothier moeting will bo hold, A dise patch states that throo gentlomen at Davonport hiavo agreod to take $100,000 etock each 1 ths now Company, It this arrangefiont shiould fail, it (s atated that Ae. QaTenurRa, representative of the Gorman bondholders, anil offer tho rosd for aale, It is thought, howover, thnv tho reor- ganization proposed will be consummated, and that tho early completiou of the 40 miles af track between Bterling aud Hockford will thus be agsured. Tbis livk would furnish coonee- tions with the fown Central, ot Oregon; the Northwestorn aod Iilimols Central, at Dison; and with the roads conterivg at Ruckford. They have aleo learned hiow to equalize the Btate tax In Now York. Tho majority of the Htato Assessors, whouo office it 15 to mako tho equalization, ropresent the rural districts, and thay have equalized by sading §541,000,000 to tho asscesed valustion of New York City, aud 941,000,000 to that of Brooklyn, whilo thoy have reduced (he valuation of tho remainper of tha State $202,000,000, The result i that in Now York Citv the ftate tax smounts to £3 per capits for tho entire population, and tho city iy charged with more thau half the Btato levy, though it contalus less than ooe-fourtn tho populstion of the State, in the rost of which (excopt Brooklin snd King's County) tho tax smounts to but 82.00 per capita. This, with thoir epormous city taxes added, makos tboir 1ot more than ever that of tho worst tax-robbed city onthe continent. ——————— The annual repor: of the Gormen Poet.Ofico tor 1874, belug the third siuce the estavlivbment of the Empire, is woll worth notice, not only for the growth of bualuces shown since the nhole poatal duty of Germany bas been embraced un- dor one sdminlietration, but the mmnouut of sce comuiodation afforded the public. Commentivg on this repott the London Pall Mall Qazelte ob- sorves 1¢ an tncrosse of the number of post-office miseives be, ften naseried in our own case, a gouulue test of natioasl erity, thau We way disuitss ua idle sll tales of the decay of [erman trade and commeroy, for in 1874 thiore were moro tuan 9:3,000,000 Jetters and reels sent (krough the poat, as sgalast spout 875, 000 {0 1273, 1u ather: wards, tho growth of corre- spondeace ia a slngla yea desplte allodod dopression, was over 0 per cont. Bluiple letiers socount for wo. 11a3 $00,000,00, te_ollier 60.000.000 bulog of courts pazeels, ¢ which two-Lisds wose seal merely 8a such e ——— == at n vory low tariff, And_ about tho othor third, by, thoro of mors saluible conbeutn, paadug at the higd ratn which mnkes the Put-Giice rerbmalbist it their regietorad value, Ono purposs " which f post sprchlly morvos fo_Germapy 14 the trinyes Hion i thin vway of paskages of uotes, Luliion, g cotns amd i INGE the amoant F.ml on was 7 Wt edng, roresuling 1o ol (o greiter sy of e Girculation of . moyey taveneh e plea bosund WAL gostad e batd to' uey Tho earricqn of peraoms and higesgo on ordiss foads e, mu sll traveloe in Qormeny 81w though 1ot ” wholly 4 tovornment manup Intgeiy conducted by the PostOilice. And Inul W00 8,000 18 of pereanal Ing3 s WS 80 tosutpones with Yery nearly 5010010 of | pasengorn, [y are alesdily reduchog taoen two lem of thy Pey Oilica neconntas i 1t ey ats wtill 30 lurgs ny only udtod f1e by tas will-lnown tag g well-ta-10 burghier familios eprad in driviny s fivorite pirta of the Fathiorlend wmuch of by sy time aud cath which wilh us ure devolo] to tho agsey scast o holiday, i meie Tho comploxion of tho Ohlo Logislatura foally gottled. It niands thius : HEXAT Repatt dlean: Domuerata, oo Republican majorily i Hepubdicann, Demoerats, Republican majority 1 Tho majority for Hayrs in tata i 5,007, it the fraudnient vote s Perryaburg be rojoctat; bud, if 3t Lo count g, his majority s 4,763, By Cany, the hoad-contre of he Indationinm, ) heaten for Licutonant-Guvernor abnut 12,08, The Demecratic Central Committeo et Columby hava held out tho ides that all their candidaty on the Stnto ticket wero clectod, oxeojt Ay and Curr. A Rapublican dispatel from Colag, Lug savi on this polut ¢ 1418 te-forably cestain, howover, (hal here, too, 1y wili bo ¢ denppeinted, AL thin writing there 1 o gog ) af tho u retion of Q. W, McILYATRE Lur Bupreud g of Jorg TaviLe for Attocues-Ucnoral, aud of Peayy TRATCIIN [ 1aemler of the Bosrd of Public Wores Jaitrs ‘NLiAkN3, our condidato for Auditor of Sty bias Fexm coustirably woratehed 1 some locaifiey natale, £ u Buelby and Moutos Counties, bt ko ey wall vy in o:lsers, wid fn o fow ryun Alighity who §u fhe Siumel, vur nominee for Treasurer, ruy Lirzusy Lentnd o el s Coanty. butkeeps up fa’ mg otliar ¢ fozaluire, Whniever dount there 1n fn tho ce s conpeeted with WILLIASS A0d MILLIKEN, Dot reimy rectved from noarly bolf the counties In' tha Siate jne diesio theclestion of hoth by sudielont majosply Fors dbly he rueition will 10} be detiultely wsitle 4 re1psec, 1o both unul the odicial count at tho ville ¢ {3 Sasretary of Btale, bul nt prasent Tres 10 eay fur Leltoving ctlerwiss thn that our cullrs Btate tiy In silscted, The St. Louls 7imes (Damocratic) bad sl been holding nx tuguest ou tho remaing of th 1.raety rineo the Obio eloction, and thus raconty s verdlet i 2.0 and bretiren, come eud leb wa rosson togty, “fln 3 the 31tri—tho pirty of hiei a1t Blan Wotattr, Jaxas £, b, Tuoaat 12, HeNeok, and Jous C. haccate NDOF, Ve.d bucd ppotnattor Coart NMonsy, o o o Casthonew Domocrusy rlse t ths beight of o utunted leadership 1hn old Domo-rex 1403 to do, tho champlons par st eelanca of the peopi » Wo Wik not, Wa ar Drmly o e opiulun that'he AUsgliealon'bavo broken it e 3 bnforo the conptey 1 ——— Considoring that ths nacawity of killiug off roudtenoma political opponents hios never daen doubted by te averagu lissisaippian, =ud e only discusgod by him with vevolvers, the fol. from tho Viewsbuvg Herald must by lieiled av o maat humano suggeston “The wanton EHling of p £3:% Poir 0ouznen 13 thlrig un of our people. L0 tho kiling ¢ Lody 18 1 ¥, Wy Fepait what wy Be tofore gk, Let the poor nearo pies, and lob (ha’ whis r noundreis who heve tired ki heart with enl passtou Lotz oly sutiesers, P * 1In the new Conatitntion of Alabama thero 1s o provision thet el banks orgamzal ia that State must have o specio basis, aud all theit notes muat b2 redeomed iu silver or gold, Bus. pension of epacie peymonts 18 forbidden, and bank cirarters ure goanted only for twonty years, The Jonuing of tho Stato or municipal crodit k& wndiriduals or corpara.lons is prohilicad, e azy. = H Dinn ALLEY, Gov. HeNpnrtoxs, Pig-Iron Kets ey, Sax Oany, and oy Dorner ard sl th subjects of Cranres Bpapnstan's vew locturs, *¥ivo dead moa I have kuowa,” St PERLONAL Dauiol Doughorly nud wlfe are at the Palmer, Charles A. Scott, of England, slops st the Polmer, Worlt has bogois on tho Plmaoll statae, s Eogland,’ . The Rev. J. 6. Whits, from Yokohams, is tha Sharatan. 1. . Danaile, Tualridge, Eng., 1 & visitorsl the Hhernna, Gon. 0. H. 8mith, of New Orlosns, stopsal tho Tremont, W. P. Griawold, of Japan, 14 o prominont 8 tho Garduer. B A littlo bird bas whispered sothething & Nitsgon, tho sloger, Johu O. Gautt. of Milmankeo & 5t, Paul Bad, stops at the Pacifie. Frank Mago, tho netor, his sabseribed $1% for a slatuo to “Ameriean GIrL." The Tlons, Richard Rowlay and W. . Btom art, of Nos York, are at the Tromont. C. P. Vining ond E. B, Rustin, Unlon Pacifo Railway, Omahs, aro tranelents a4 tho Pacifle. Aotoinette Sterling once sang Chatlea Kinge, loy'a ** Threo Fishers" so that the suthor bowed Lis head in his handu snd wopt. £r woman-suffrago s over established io Franco, the Princa Imperial will Lo rocalled They all say Lo 1s auch o swoet FOuDE 1D, Philadelpuls gicls wear Star-Bpangzlod-Banost stockings aa o logacy of the Declaralion of Indepondenoe, which they propoae to coniats nialize next year, We lears with borror from the Alta Catifornld that Gen. Sheridan and party returned from tb: country lnat week, aud weks quiotly quarterod at he Palaco Hotol. Bishop Folav to-night pays an unususl com- pliment to oratory by consonting to Qoliver the Ivtroductory nddross to Dauiet Dougherty's oo ture in P lymontl Church, The lottors of Mrs, Abigalt Adams, weittsn during the Revolution, form su interasting sdd tion to Centanulal litaratuce, Tho volume s ed- ited by Charles Fraucls Adams. ‘Tho Centonulal Art Commltten, recontit sp pointed, do not hold ansaviable positiou. They will be expected to bo export judgos of bsd pudntings ; snd not everybody ia that ‘Pom Hughes' new book on * Eeonomy fn Thougbt and Thinklug " eava ane word for the public and two for itselt. It 19 probably s good thing to boglu ecovomizing on. Ravel’s reason for broawing his Amorican €0 gngemont 1u aaid to bo, that lis bas mede s gresd Dit in Parls, and fecls that he can bottor s to forlelt 110,000 tbau oross the ccostm Willism Cullon Bryant; Whltelaw Reld, 898 Georgo Wellism Custie, will again be the judee! at the Intercolloglato Oratorical Contest, ¥ takos place at tho Now York Acadomy of pit Joo. 4, A cloas observer {a responsihle for the ststo: wmont that, when & mouse niskes its A0pEATATE ina Ladles’ Bewing Circle, the someu i siriped stockings oo alwags jump the higl LBraokiyn Avgus. Pittsburg ia golng tn eroct 8 mnnnmntr:‘ Q1 Dog Throe-Hpote, The dence she 18! 4 oatalogue of Laar's tormen{orsa—Tra; Blan! .3 and Bwostheart—abauld bo com late l“‘ Bweothoart should have tho biggest :o’:;:‘; Tho Ruv. Thomss K, Besclier, of Ed F Y., bag rocently hud hia sslary raised to ‘S.b?‘: but ho 1s stapidly dolug his Jevel best to red 1t again by sdvooatiog lashinga of onpmmfl's Choap monoy might approgristely bo used'to P the salary of aucls & man. it A young mnu with small powe:s of nppr:.:f ing a joke sont a notice of the desth of “- Cuarles J. Stillo to tbe Philadelpbia pnp-m’m. they all publlshed glowing otitusry nothees. e Peafessor tutoed up alive sod corructed atatement in tho afterooon pqun;l i io aaye of Mr, Googl's 1ie 5 ch?n?m:m n x’ wLike all of Mr. 00“1‘: prior uttersnces, tbls leoture 18 ocarlously 'n- equal, jumbling in 1ta logio, foable Yo its “m“:h 1ng, looes 1o 14s statemaents, and goummenD