Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 2, 1875, Page 3

THE CHICAGO TRIDUNE: SATURDAY, OCTOBER LITERATURE. Polomicnl Works --- Madame TRecamier and Her Friends, Military Arohitooture --- Strusture and Habits of Plants and Animals, Qoman Catacombs and the Early Christians---iloofs of Napo- Icon's War-Horses. ¢lants at the Uxposition—Intercsting Ex- atics—Rare Fruits~Flowers, Nut- ural and Artilicial, THE CRIGIN OF MAN. T TreraT OMGIX 0F MAN, AN ILLUSTRATED TY UroLont AND T N Buarn - Jimio81c AU Senntrated, £vo, p pincolt & Co, In attempting to ovorthrow, by hia singla arm, ono of the most popuiar and stontly-sustainod thoorica of modern soiones, Mr. Southall has un- dertaken o horculean tusk. Dut ho ontors upon {2 with o bald aud awsured besring, that of itaolt wine 8 certain kind of sympathy. Thoro is, to bn sure, no dogma of eclanco o authoritative that an appesl agwinst ity conclueions by ono who detectd, or fancios ho dolects, weal- THALL, o ¥ G0, Thdiudelphdat g b, Ligs pess aud orror in ity construction, s pot proper nud dosirablo, Iumon docrees, jrom whatcver sourco thoy may em- snate, and owover staunchly thoy may bo do- gonded, nced scanning, and critlcising, and op~ posiug ; for they muat, in their naturo, bo falli- Lle. But whou n theory liko tat of tho antiqui- tyof man has baen accepted by tho great body of scientists aftor the exbaustive scruliny wo must suppogo thom, na bonest mon, to havo given it, it iy falr to preaumo that it reata upon 2 basls of evidence which cannot bo_ domolisliod )y the offorta of any ono man. Novertioless, jmmenso as aro tho odds pgainst him, Blr Southall procoeds to tho worlk with full contl- douce in Lis powers, and never for & moment doubts bis entiro success ; and it must bo con- feawod thiat ho has made a brave fight. Hia renders would have moro faith in him if o wero less arsurod. Asgertions will neverposs for proofs, and_ uothing ta fucites distruat us a braggart alr, ‘T'lie great obarm, tho great power, in Darvin's writing, in tha modest, unassuming way in which o brings forward the ovidouco ha Lia8 accumalnted, and draws bl deductions from it. Icisover apparont in hia manner that ho approachios a debated rurostion with an nnpreju- diced mind, and thut ho studics, sonrches, teaty it cantiously and_pationtly,—uover juaiping at conclusions, nover warping facts, and always Teady to the last to ackuowledgo Lo trno bear- ing and forco of every bib of ‘teslimony 1t mny yicld. Buck candor and humility beget #o much Torpect and admiration for tho man, that thoy more than balf-win allogiance to his thoorics. Controvorsinl writers, und Jir. Bouthull nmong thotn, would do wisely to imitato his benutiful examplo. Tt is tho belief of Mr. Southsil that primoval e wae born fully clvitized, with ou fntelligenco ssaptaa that oxbibited by tho Egyntinus, Aus yymans, and othor aucient peaplen ; am that hio St appesred upon tho earth at a dato ot cx- jouding back furthor than 0,000 years. 1o doosy pot sdvauce any diract opinion as to the place which man originally inhabited, or B8 to tho cir- cum-tances of man's creation ; but ho ovidontly 1ocepts tha Monale account as tho lilerally true one. Mo roviows tho cvidence of tho greator atiquity of the Luman raco which goologisty and arelirologists have found in the mogahthic monuraents, tho lake dwellngs, tho Danish Ejokken moddings, tho bone-caves, the river- avel of Franeo and England, tho occurrenco of be rewains of tho mammioth, and iu all othor minor sources, aud dealarcs it in evory caso to Bo of tho flimsiont deacription. Wi survoy includes overy 1aan of selonco and avery book of importanca that Jinve indnraad the theoty of the rentuto origin of man ; and all kro pandied very freely, ond pronunuc.d vory faulty. Such a roview nhows inwensy rosearch i uid, 1 1o ool examined havo been wnstered, and their contents rightly interproted, thea has Mr, Boutball & mind of remarkable eapacity and pous etration. Lut the gcolugist, tho archwoloxist, and tho natura) historiau, aro alone capablo of decding how thoroughly and effectively Lo hus &wept over the various fields fu tholr broad do- nd 10 what oxtent Lis assuult hus dam- aged tho postulatos built upon thoir latost dis- ToveTivd, MADAME RECAMIER, Mapiur Reoamisn axb HEn Frixxps, From the French of Madamo Li AT, by the Traual of Madame Recawder's Memolra, 10 mo., pp, Loston : Tloberts Brothere, T 1866 an English tsaunlation of the ¢ Memoirs sad Correapondonco of Madame Reeamier,” by bor niece, Mmo. Lenormant, was givou to Amori- no readors. In the years that have passed Hucothat work was written il friouds who babitually met in tho brilllaut salon of tho Ab- Layo-aux-Bois have necarly all pussed away, and In consaquenco a fresh batels of the vorrospond- snce of Madamo Ticeamier Liaa~ fallon into the baods of bor biograpber, This, with some other now and Inferesting materials, 8 now offered ay ® supplemcnt to the Listory of oue of tho most fascinating and renownod of womon. Tho present volume is divided into two parts, in the firat of which avo publivhed the lotters that tarow light upon tho friondsbip of Madamo Ro- amior with Oamillo Jordan ; In tho sccond, thosa which discloso tho tondor relations uniting Ler to Madsmo Lonormant; and in tho third, the lettorn and incldonts ifluatrating the charac- terof J.J. Ampere and his life-long dovotion to the incomparable woman who know low to Sttack all Learta to hor with fudissaluble bouda. The volums is espocially intorcsting as an ox- rvlmnn ot the nature and value of friendship: riendaliip botwoen persons of the same and of onpasite sexes, Tho romwarkable experlence of e Recsmior ehows that in order fo be lating iLis slliance betwoen two Bouls must be founded wupon tho strictest pu- riyapd upsolflshness, and must bo nourished by S mutual e1vreivo of refiniug aud elevating intlu. ¢ocea. Ths men and womon who loved Madamo Decamior with an alfcetian that nover waverod loved her not alono beeauso shio was beautifal in Pereon and captivating tn mannors, but becausu tbe lavely graces of hor form and mind were tho Felleation of » sweet and gentlo disposition, an Yright lite, and a noble, kelf-donging, heroio znu. Tho woman who, to spare the feolings of r friends, coucealod the blndness that for Jears was ute: us upon Ler sud finally blotted {0 ber sight, and by an adrolt disposition of by furuliure contrived to movo about smong @ guests in Lier uslon with the old, easy charm, aud the oreno, smiling faco, disponsing unsus- 1ecting folicity upon all with whom sho camo in ataat, deverved the rospoct aud tho reverence of gencrous ouls. 'be lxouutm that Madamae Recamler roceived l;flm ber friends wus rewarded with an equal yalty and prodigality of affection, Nono sur- A 26d her {u the siucerity sud fidolity of her [levdebipg, Hor mgplnnu was found in tho ehftnnm af thoas dear to hor, and by kind, h !mlg] oucoursglvg words, aud by {hought- .nl. conriderate, solf-forgetful doodw, alio fucoa- ‘-nu; strove to keep up thoir spirits, to call uo action their Lighest powers, sud to sscure fi:r thew the aim and tha placa fu lite that most liugly ozalted thow, iy such comprehonsive ;fl autiring offorts are tho ties of a permanent h"'nd:hm knit, and vover by the selfish vaui- .;: ;::i::oquuxln of a weroly loyely and world- The perucal of this portion of Madame Lioca- er's mentotra will inwpire in thoss not yet ue- Juinted with the eartior yolumea a wish lo read el ud, from tho whiolo togethior, the single- earted will dorivo an elovated oplnloo of tho {"\6;: .l:l:l vulnuu :‘l“ - nl:lou‘z gi{“ 4 :fman, aud z crod sympathy thut sttacl to bor #gwa of fathrul and gratoful friondy. % tsnara oMITARY ARCHITECTURE. iy 4, FoyTeea, by B Viouisr.ie-Duo, ¥ Badiawin Dueksait, Avchitock, 8v0, pp,, 200,” Bowtan : Jamea I, Osgood & o ndller n‘.a lgulm of s fletitious narrativo, eur Viollol-te-Duo bas givon » popular Yalory of tho grudual growlls of the wpience of sshltectuse, Mo commeaces by pore traing the rido aud ineffrctive modes of do- fenso practiced by & wavago Liiba lnhabiting a valloy in tho Imaginury land of Obrot two ceus turies hoforn tha ers of tho Druids In Franes fho hightamds commanding thls valley nto oxeellontly adapted to the Jocatton of & fortio:s, aud in the compe of timn, na the lulabitants dpvelop tho acta of warfaro, an oppidum s thora constructed which wiecessfully with= slandy n probracied weges As o tho centories pard, tho oppidum 4 strengthencd and enlarged by the conrtruction af onrthworke, walls, and ramiarts, and is thus trausformed suceessively fnto n potmsnent catap and o fortlied city, Thewo in their order aro wubjectod 40 tho perils of aceanit, and In each olstinnte sad protracted riego the latost dosteen uf attack and dofono aro employed, I dotaillng tho hurried Lifo of the eitudel, full Aeopo du seeured by the awthor for an ox) lann- fion of the Atrncture and mnuagement of tho mavably tower, tho eatapult, thn halista, tho cat, with all othor ponderoun muchines used o tho rudo warfare of the Middla Axee, riydalnn for doxeribing tho modo of ercction and the worvico of bastion, bailey, barbican, faswn, retrotich~ wment, sl tho ~ remaining diverso - worl that tho military cnginecr has cons trived for ho dofenso of fortitiod piscos, Tho history of tho forfress is hroughit (awn £o & lato period intho prosent coutury, and is cancliudad with mugiostions by tho suthor na tu the methods Ly which o country ean 10-day maiutaiu o syatont of dofunse agaiist an oucmny vrovided with guun of a lieavy calibro of lonik rango sud capablo of leing transported and worked wilh oxtromo rapidity. M. Viollet-le-Duc is o skillfnl architecs, us wo Know by Dis trontina in this dopariment of ark sublishiod in Amorica n fow months agy, aid o 4 also n military onginoor of sigmal sbility. Prior to the Franco-Prussian War hin talente Tind fnvited tho coutidenco of tho Emperor, who frequently consultod him coucerning tho per- wmaueut defeusss of the couutry, Inung the Into inyestment of Yuris “lo ocei- biod a high ranlc i tho corps uf engi- neers, and bis oporations i dofchse of the city displnsed qualifications of th firet ordor, 1iv practicsl _oxporience, therofore, ay woll a4 by Bt atid wcitolarsirip, ho iu ittad 10 prosent. m At entortaining and lustructivo narstive the S\nmals of u Forttess™ Tho book i produced {u handsouo stylo by the American publishers., POLEMICAL ESSAYS. REVELATION A Binses ov Lectones TN LY T0 TIY THEOWIES O TynpaLL, HURLLY, DANWIN, Brenchn, ki, Largd 12 mo, Belfait s wiillam ' Mullan, Now York:~ seribper, Welford & Armstrong. D'rice, $2. The lectures incloved i the voalumo before ug wero delivered In Bulfast during tho last winter, i1 apawer to tho opouing nddross of I’rof. Tyn- dall, and to othier papers advancing elmilar doe- trines, that woro rend at the Dritiel Assaciation in Belfast in tho autumnno of 1874, Although courtesy forbada at tho tiwo & roply to the thoo- ries adverso to tho fruths of the Heriptures, hat wero prosented before tto meeting by vari- otis ecientific men, it was felt by tho zoslous Christiana of Bolfast that theso theories should bo sifted, their fallacies exposod, and tho funda- mental tenets of tho Diblo and of Christisvily defanded, Accordingly, shortly after the session of tho British Assoctation, tho winisrers of Bol- fast convened and perfected tho seheme for tho prosent scries uf mine lectures, Tlese ware dolivered by competent scholars and divines, woro listoned to Ly crowded audi- encos, and, published in pamphlet-form, had » rapid and extensive salo. Thoy ara now colleet od in o single volume, in the lopo that their united and barmonjous teachingy way have an in- luenco in the conservation of tho fmth of tho Clrtisn world. The titlos of the logtures aro s follows : Scienco nnd Revolntion : ‘Cheir Dy tinctive I'rovinces, by J. L, Porter, D, D., LL. 1), : Degignin tho Hiructuro and Fertilization of 'Viants a Proof of tho Iixistouco of Gnd, by Dr. Moore, Glasnovin; An Examination of lorbort Sponcer’s Diologizal Hypothesis, by the Rev. Prof. Waltw, D, D.; ‘e Doctrine of an Imporsonal God i Tte Effocts on Moralily and Rieligion, by tho ltev. W. Todd Martin, M. A, ; Miracles and l-myhuuy : Direct Proofs that tho Biblo is & lovelntion “from God, b{lho Rev. A. C. Murphy ; Prayer in Itetation to Natural Law, by the Rov, Prof. Wallaco; Man's Rospousibility for 4lis Lolief, by the Hev. Jobn ilaeNaughton’; The Lifo and Charncter of Chrint an Evidenco of tho Wruth of Christianity, by the Rev. John Moran ¢ Tho Achiovements of (ho Biblo & Proof of Iis Divine Ong, by the Rev. Willinm AMagill, Tuo locture on tho structuro and fertilization of plants gives su intercuting munwary of the Jutest uud mosy curious observations 1 the his- tory of vegeeublo hfo, It nuthor Is 8 practicul botavist and o pleasing wiitor. 'Cho lozturo on tho valno and etileacy of praver¢outans an dun- geuiuns sud lmproesivo array of ho wost forei Blo gaments 1 favor of tis act of worship, 01t uthor Jeckuren, 1t may bowuid, without fur- ther suectiteation, s thov are oxcelloat ex- nwplew of (healogical disj utation. Beirncs AXD NOTES OF A SCIENTIST. N AND Zorroosst, By Tuspector of §aimon-Thiti- vy ote. Diustrated, puan & Hall, Tl papens embruced fn this volume have for tho mast part beou heretufore publishod in Land and Water, an Tnglish journat of popular selonce whose *Fishory™ and * Natural 1lis- tory™ columus Mr. Backland Las odited sinco its Toundatiou nine years ago. ‘Tho subjects of tho papors aro multifarlous, bud most of them ro- luto moro or lews direetly to tho stincturo sud habits of plants and anfmaly, Considerablo in- formation iutercstiug to tho gonoral reader and to tho sciontist i seattored through iho collection, for Bl Duckland s an adept in natural hist and thirough loug-tralnod habits of ubsorvation notes many tiow and valuablo facts in tbo animal and vegctabla Iinydows, But his stylo of wriling 1 opon to criticism, In tho desivo to mako it familiar andawusing, bo rometimen deprivos it of dignity, and ot othors, ns when Lo has oceamon to spenk of the negro, ho wilfully dogrados it to vulgarit 3Mr. liuckland makes n froquont boast of bis education at Chirint College, aud of hiw familisity with olassic authors, but whou- over ho sliudes to tho Llsck wan ho jnaults Jearning and good breeding by the use of the unpardousbly cosruo term * nigior.” GOD AND THE WORLD, Tur Tnzwtio Cox 3 NEWonLD: AN Esday 12 UPPOMTION To CPLTAIN SENDENCIES ¢¥ MODEUN By 8. F. OAvkett, D D,y Ll D, Pro- fsuor of Mental und Moral Pulloso versity of Aleligan, Author dreck’ Plitlosophy. " 1imo, ltarper & Brothers, The appeuranco of thia volumo, the now pub- lication of which was aunounced in the proface of * Christlanity and Greok Philosopby,” tus beon delayed by tho suthor until tho ** tendency of modern thonght " liad roachiod ite anticipated culmination fu a denial of the inspiration of the Beripturas, nud of the personality and provideuce of Qud, The bearing of the rationalistio {doas of **advancad thinkers™ belng clearly shown, and the insuo botweon tha **Old Iaith and the Now" sherply doflned, Or. Cackor takes up tho cause of the former, and defonds it with tho siill of a tried controvorsialist and the ear- nostnoss of & Chirintisn wnan. iis srgument in- cludeu tho outira problom bf the univereo, treat- ing, ln weparato claptorv, of dod the Creator ; tho croation; the relation of God to the world; providence of God in humnon bistory ; relatiouot God to humanity; speeial providenco and prayor; and tho nature, method, and end of woral guv- erumout. by ia the Unl. il of * Curlstianit o, 420, Now BOOKS RECEIVED: Tnz Laox Duasowns: A Novel. “ The Udd Trump," ote. l'sper, Hslo & Hou, Price, 75y ILLUNTRATED CINCINNAT OF T0E QUEKN USTY, COMVYBINING IT4 ANCIITHOT usx, Manuraorune, 'faave, K10, 110,; TouRTHER WITH AX ACOOUMT OF TU T ATTAQTIVE Bun. vubk, Uy D, J, KNy, Diustrated with over 330 Engi vlu%l d s Now and Complete Map, 12mo., Incinnati: Robert Clarko & 00 PERIODIGALS RECEIVED. International lesson Mowthly for October (B, 1. evell, Chicagu). Hilustrated Houschold Magazine for October (Mouschold Publishiug Company, Now York). Tepublio. for Octobar (Jiepublio. Pablishiog Company, Washington), Phrenalogical Journa tober (8. It. Wi & ‘(‘T, )F??Ywfl‘pl ,:, for Oatuber (8. It Wells anhatlan an Salle Monthi ber (New York Catholio Yroleok: m;fif' ly tor Octo- —_— PAMILIAR TALK, THE ROMAN CATACOMBS, The Catzcombs of Homo extond thelr aby- rintn of sugled galleries through all the meven Lill of tho city, sud strotch for miles nway from tho Tiber undes (e Campagus. 'Lhey litarslly boneycomb the soft volesulo rooks, tufa, and pusgotano, which uuderlio the sail of llomo and ita viclulty, The tufa bardens ou «~porwe, but By the Authorof Now York: B do joTontat Hanp-Book 2, 1875.—~TWELVE PAGES. s pozzotano w it swore. than sand thiens two muteriale, Koma, sl verbaps other eitirs boforo hier, bus heen buiit, From tho earlient Etrurcan period this deporit of elono war quastied; cnd i s supponcd the Catus comli originatod. Awlongg a8 jtomo rolained lier prosperity, and adied to the number of her tamples nnd palacen now quarrienere opened and tho oxtant of the Catacomb was euisrzod; but. whou tho Empire dechintd, tho nucesaity of te- woring to them ceased, --the deoasing ridifices tho city furnishing ample watensl for ail now wtructures, After tho quarrien fall into disuse, they hecamn tho haugts of rolbors aud vatinsw, wud tho Dirinl-placen of slaves aud plobeisug. T Ro- s digposed of Whoir doad by eremation § by thie careanes of thowo who wera 100 1 vor o pro- vido the moans for & funoral-pile and tha cortly attending cerowonies, wero emyplied from tho dond-cnrts upon unoccupiod ground fust without tho city, o wero thruwn into tho tecesan of"the Catacombe, Iiuraco kayw of the cavern nudor tho Ewsguilluo ILdl: “Tbia was the common papulchro of the mmorablo pleboian." During tho firet threa or four conturies, the Catacomby afforded whelter to the Cliristiang who fled trom thio crue] porrocutions of tho loman Emperors. oy cut new chambars aud mora intricate cor- ridors, one below snother, for the sccommoda- tion and seeurity of the twongn who choet fully left homo und tho sweet light of day that they wight bave liborty to practico tho rites of tho new faitl thoy hind adoplud. Tiving sprigs supplied wator to thisse aubtor- ranenis habitations, and, Hluminated by artincial light, thoy wer not vory inuch torn camfurtiess thun the dens abuve ground that servod ay honos for tho j:oorer claskes, 'Tho dwellings o1 Rowan { atriciany woro destituto of bodroomns providing for veclusion during the hours given Lo ulecp aud to the poriormauco of tho wilette, and tho houses of the lower orders herded tlicir iumates togathior in quarters scarcely baltor than thoso accuped by cattle, ‘Iho early Christiaus wero 1ontly pour, and accustomed” tn the privations uud hardships of & lowly lot iu Imperial ftomo 5 hiance tho sacritico ontuilcd by & lifo in the Cata- combs wae noL #0 grout na wight bo supnoscd. When theso dovout followers of Clriut lost their Lelovad onies by martyrdoin, or by death from natural causes, they ware auimatod by a new de- siro to presesvo tho sacred romawn fn hopo of tho promised reaurrection, They therufors pro- parod kraves for their dead 1u the walls of tho Cutncombs. "Lior above tier of thena crypts linod tho galle- rien nud passuges for muny wiles, 1t Lus beon oatimated that 6,000,000 of bodies wera thua ou- tombud. ‘The graves wero mmpla bods cut in tho wall, and cloded with stoues, and wera usual- Iy finiwhod with a tilo or slab beariug the name sud faith of the sleeper lud withiv. It was in tha adoruioont of these graves shat Chrintian art found 1ts tirst oxpression. The earliost decora- tions conalt simply of 8 monogram o type sym- bolical of tho Clrietian Churck. The monogram was composed of the letters D, M. (Deo la; T or 1L T, tho initial lottore of tho Groek: uame of Christ, A littlo later the Grock crosy appoars, and then tho pictorial acrostic of thy fists, nud aftorwards the figuro of asbip; aud the dovo with an olive-branch, snd diagraios of Dantel in tho liony' den, sod Jonsh swaliowed and disgorgod by tho whale, Among tho cacliout ~ pletures fs thet of a lumb, or of o cross elunding ou o mound whonce fsaua four streams of water ; sud rude figures of Clrist ss Orpheus, or a8 tho Goort Sheplierd, and shways young and beautiful. Evidently no converts from tho hout of psinters and seulplors iuhabiting RBomo jomed the huly eociety in tho Cutacomby, tar tlo designs on all tho tombs of the first centuries aro of tho crudest description., ‘I'here i~ no date upon the oarliost gnvos, and tha only clew to their age 18 found 1 tho namo of tlio contemporary Cousul, which is occasionl- 1y given. Tho oldest yet discovered bulobg to the year 88 and 102, Bus the errors of grawmmar and wpeliog, and the rude stvle of tho cmbol- lislinents, t\ulllc.lw thono that beloug to the thrat couturies, aud givo ovidenco that (ho Chrixtians, who peopled the Catacombs wora mainly diawn from tho unoducated clanscd. When Constan- tiuve embracod Christinuity, in the fourth centuty, ho gavo the Cutacombs to the Chustione an churcli-property, and for twn centuries or moro they continued ta bury thoir dead in thin place, hallowed to them Uy tho graves of #0 mauy 1anrtsrs and sute. Mauy perxons of tho highest diclinetion couyht tucial beca. Among them wore tha Pones Leo 1., Gregory tho Great, Gregory 11, and 111, sud Lo LX., cud tha Euperors Honorius, Valentin- jam, and Otho 11 During this period, o good dedlaf offort was exvended fu cnlarging ona adorning tueso underground cemoterivs, aud Christiss feom farand near visited thom, some- times celelirating ¢he holy nites of their Chureh in tho hittio chisiols uned by the early seints, When tho Lowburds Lesieged Itome, ln tho elghth century, mauy of tho Cataconby vero do- stiosad ; and subsequontly Lho TemBins of acon- videsable munber of tho viartyrs aud Kalnts wore camoved sud Luried in caurches, During the centutios followmg tho ovorthrow of the Viewern Empite, tho Catcombs agalu becao tha rorort of tho vilest and mont degraded of tha inbabitanty of Rome. Whieu, nt lawt, tha growiug power of tho Fopod enablcd thum to ciear the cemetorios of robbers, Baen-nins, nod viliats of every dyo, the entruuce 1o many of them wus closed, 1n 156 nuew interest was awakensd in tho Catacomby, and muny of ths corrdors were closed und lighted with lamps, Fatber Bosio, 1 Catholic priest, fited with devout outhusissm, spout thirty yesis exploring and clearing | Bssnios, nd copying iscriytions, puintings, wnd rciice, Fonnd in recessos thatbad not been penctiate {in aturics, 1he work was psratloled by Fatber. Tioldettl, who also spent shove thirty years grops ingz and drgging for ow discaverius 1 tio Cat combs, Uther dibgent osplorers in the same field aro Seroux d'Agiucourt, who 1!slcut iy yours studying tho relics found in tho crypte aud M. Derret, whoso imnyportant works ou tho Untacombs havo beou recontly published Ly thy French Government, In the graves of tho carly Christians many little srticles wora doposited, a4 lamy vinlw, and vasos; and, in the graves of little chitdren, doils and warlonottos, Tho most - tarosting objects nro tho small glass platos, em- Dellishod with picturcs in gold. Those are sine glo portrnits or groups reprosenting the Holy ‘ll*nmfly. or Poter aud 'aul attired iu the Rowan rass, At Irrogular intervals, tho gallorios of tho Cat- acombu, Which aro genorally 3 or 4 foot wido and 7 or 8 foot bigh, expand iuto wide apastments, that wore probably coustructed as places for worship, Lhoso "little subterrangsn chapels wera the first churches built for Christian sers vice. On tho onstern sido of the chapols, tho flat kid of nu archod tumb was usod a4 a tablo or ultar, while a barrior in frout divided the room iu two parts, answerlng to chencol aud nave. Hawna at thess chapels were double,—one being oxclusively used by tho men, and tho other by the wowen, This doclaration of tha inferiority of wonien was long sfterwurds maintained m tho Jasilicas, whore womon were restricted to tho feft side of tho Liall or nave of the building. HOOFS OF NAPOLEON'S WAR-HORSES, A couplo of hoofs of two favorite chiargers of tho great Napolcon bave been presorved as in- torosting rolics of the aujwaly and of their ownor. Esch lias boen polishoed, shod with wil- vor, aud lsudsomely mounted os a suufl-box. ‘Tho ono §8 in posvession of tho Jlousehold Bri- gade in London, nud boars ou ite gold lid tho following iuscsiption: * Hoof of Marougo, Raro Charger of Napoleon, Ridden by Him at Mareugo, Austorlitz, Zens, Wagram, in the Csmpaign of Rusels, and Lestly at Waterloo,” On tho lnsida of thoe lid it 18 written that tho hoot was **Pro- souted Bth April, by M., W. Argoustein, Capu, Gronr. Guards, and Lt. Colonel to his Hrother Ofticors of tho Ifousehold Brigado.” Tound the margin of tho abioo i the following: ** Marongo wed wounded [n the near hip st Watorloo when Lis great master was on him, in the bollow road in advance of the French position, Ile had been frequontly wounded before in othor batties, Ar, Buckland, who recounts those faols, ex- touds tho listory of AMarengo by a quotation trom Mr. Willlsm Hunting: **Col, Bridges told 1o that the skelston aud othor Loofs wers to ko found st tho United Bervico Institution, I funnd the skoleton and two more hoolw, & fore and Lind ouo, both of Jufi fuek. Drobably, thereforo, su off foro-foot is wtill in tho pos- wossion_ uf the late Col. Angorstein's fau- ily. Tha wkeleton is that of a vory woall suimal, sod agroes with what an ationdant told wo, that Marougo was a barb about 14 honds bigh, Ialso learnt that bio was purctioasod by Col. Auvgerstoiu st the salo of Napoleon's effects In Paris, sud kept by Jan till ho died of old age. 'Pho tradition that Lio wos usod by Lis last owner for stud purposcs 1 do uot beliove, The frequent wouuds refesred ta w tho fuscription op the shos bLave lefi no wark of injury ou the'boues. ‘Fhe spine of thiy auniwal is archiod like the back of a frightencd cat, Lis pastorns ara fn o straight line with uis [l .nk-'bouun,’nhiln his hocks are bont like » other hoot of which we have spokeu fa Lo propesty of & M Douglas, of Hawick. On tho cover of the box for which it now served the followtng linee aro angrased : **This in th of Sapoiron's Horms, which was k.lled under Huritie the Levplian' cawpnizn of 1794 From Captnin W, B Iato 100th_ Regiment, to Dr, Dungian, $awicl, 15177 In ths accoant of iard Tiell 0t in tated : & doctor dn the ¢1i ednring tho Amori ntury, snd, havine Captain's body, 0of him War, rxtracted watin friendubip cmponee! be s ouitg te tuw Uhat the intere beesma nn heitloom of s Dougas' fum- Ay, Auother hoof of the wame asimal wam T undermand, given to the Ihls of Yorlk, s it would ho ittsiesting to dikcover in whoro ponsesston the oth r two now are, us [ finve no doubt they wero all carofatly prevorsed, The one I epeak of steiek e an b ing thet of Yery wnnll aunimal for & ehasger, but it was prob- ably a barh like Murengo arbs of 15 hanin at hava besn hght chingea Lo b fiddon by poleon, who, I dare rav, rodo no light woight,” —— SPARKS OF SCIENCE. PLANTS AT THE FXPOSITION. Tho dlsplay of plants ut (he Lxpo-ition {e, s 8 whole, quite imposing, aud betokens on the part of tha fluniculturits of the city & comuend- able degres of enterpriss. Whan we take into constderation the fact thal tho delicate off- of sermw-tine. iy perticaiarly alamdant in the Muecaren Ixlannw, T oteady dtell on ther eand Dlaing 1L wands oit trom the tem e al roots wheh, Wiile thes ars extend to the earth, nre fagmchied witle at b appenlages oo their b tast cateh nid buld for their poutmament the Loi wud thim 1604 ave ) o1 4 tho #oil t of and tho extrenu Ii it from tho earth. e hing aarind roots tho Pawbi I Kandy o wpongy roil. Ther tian 107 known wpecies of the Pan The srrew pinos have long, smplo leaves, bot T other cpes s haio pinaste or fanodiageed luaves, Tho wysxpunded leaves of tha [arl vz pradepattas Turii b tho mntenial of which the fur famued 1o huts urs wocen. The fud- stomn eniae noo 6 to 14 feet Ligh and Lt Lhades ahont 3 fo. tacions, The plantgrows v the Dsbuas etdslong the ecn-copst s far wouih a4 Fera aud Caiv, Tha seods of the Pan- e npas wbonad 1o o beautilnl erestala called rapldy , which a1 ko lurge as to bo sisiblo 1o the nake 3 A canspicn s pleat with puake.like ennvolu- tionw and vuall, npurns feaves in fabeled Euaphor- bt £piendeps. From 184 vharp. thiek-sot thorns wo whould namn it Ewperhia horvidees. A heldiro of such pl woull be jug regnable. iuagine the secorwity of Lnsereing a for nndergrowth composed of thew ! Tuo § bias or rpurga-worte, forin 8t exccedingly their namn Ay Pandons *pnR of Lhe hot-honss wre almost sure to euf- fer injury from tho chiango of chimate and con- ditions they undergo Ju o sajourn in A trausicut conservatory, and moro particalarly from tio abrenco of tho daily tender and viplant caro of their neeustowed guardiany, wo oust ac- Lknowiedge that the gardeunor who couments to subject I treasures to such rinkn descrves mnch eredit far his public spitit. Just thoss plants that aro the especial pride sud Joy of the florist's lieart, and hayo cost i tho Wwost paius in rearitg, aro the onos that are most coveted fur au exhi bition; and whobut & floriat can tell bow nad it ia 40 oo these poty draop wheu away from home for Inck of water at the righit moment aod in the right quautity, or from vunalle tomperature, or from tho noxiauy air of crowdad roows ? Plauta are touder as little children, and suffer a9 quickly from any irreguianty of diet nd habit, Abovo sil, they must 5ot bo kopt nwako lato ot nizht by bright gasliphts burning avound them. They, like umun beings, need rent and sloep, and, whon Nature puts out her great light with tho xottiug of tho suw, it is thao for thons to clovo thoir eyes and foid their lcaves; or, if they do not ull actuslly do tie, they must, ¢ lasat, enfoy the opportunity darkness af- fords of substituting s new set of opctations for those porformod during the The florist loves liis lowers, und Liny su mtimate gympathy withs their 1ifo, elso bo could not rear them suc~ cossfully, How often tha quostion 18 asked of thso ladg who hina floucishiug plauts in her win- dows: *lowdoyou isuuge to make them ook #o weltz" “I don't know,” {4 tho re- ply; 1 only do what others do,” and yet #lio {a fuwardiy copscious thet it 1 tho love animating bor care of them that fusures thowr thrifty growth. IIu nffoction prompis ber to faithful sttention, and this wecares tho health and vigor of the objects of ber solicitude, ‘Thus Knowing the positive fondnes every torist b fortho plants under L cultivation, we appre- ciato the sacrifico they maka of fecling, 8y well as of intereat, i Order 1o susinm the atiractives novs of their departivont i tho Ex; o-ition, ‘Tuere are o jovd Wany iutmesting exotics seatterod wlong the well-illad shelves of tho couservatory, 357 far the largest number of theso aro found in the extensiva and elegant collection displayed by the Bouth Park Cowmis- enting fauntly, comprising upwarda of rpecien, ranging from proutrate herls to shraby and trees. About threc-englits of tho wholo number 1ahabt Meuivoctial Amenca. Naveral spocles are found ih oir o%n viciuty. It 4 & venomosx family, nlmost tho entira tembers wecroting & polsonous prine cipla I thewr wmilky jwee. Tho haus of woma epecied ktng like nettles, Tho common o in a sputgs -wort, and #0 is the con- sut-ul plst, which is 34 sunusl with us, but s Tong treo in ity native Africs, Two specien of thas order yirld crotonoil ; many of them furaivh canuteling ; tise Siphonic «lasion ¥i0lida (ko bottle India rubber a Coylon rpecics wives us gum ine; and & eroad of them yield emetic and purgative Jnices that aro used 1o pharmacy. Tho danchincel, one of tho best known of the aider, is ko full of venom that the smoko of its burning brauches anilicts mtolerablo ain npon the eyes, often destroving the pight. A snglo drop of 1w Juics falliug uvon tho wkin createn an tlcer diflicult to heal, wlhile its beau- tiful, spple-like truic warne by burning the lips that It contaius & desdly poisoo. Aud sot this venomous frmly coutsiuw one piant that furuikhes taew with s wholo- vomo food. The root of tus Mandioc or Maniliot plant i full of posonous Juice, but reduced to puip and heated ths venomonu [iin- eiple is expelied, and the starc. that 1s l-fe after ropeated washings is s tapicra that wa k0 prizo for puddings. The candle-nut troe, whoso becdd furnish n bisnd oil for cooking or burning, ta & euphorbia, And sv aro the brilliant Fowsettas from Madagascar, whono ecarlot tracty surround- iug tho inconspicuons flowern, light up our can- orvatorios 1 autumn and eatly winter, Anctber odd plast, notshile ftrits resomblance 10 the egg-plant, whbich wo discover amoug the rost, is tho Solanum roiusturm. 14, 10, s armed with largo, sharp pricklos, situated o the ribs and stalks of the loavis as well as upon tho main stom, and it. too, belungs to u very dangeroun family, tho & Bolanaced. Nere we find tho ~ souicos of those polionous drugs, belladons, hyosciamits, stramonium, aod tobacéo, or micotianin. Here, too, strabgely enougly, we find tho polato, tha tomato, and tho cgg-plans, Bat the potato id o brue Solanwm, ity leaven and berrios aifonbng & poverful nsreotic ranbing botwesn belladonua and copium. It 18 only the tubers that ar: whole~ome, The viscid juico of the fruit of the ezq-plant should by expransed belore it is cooked. for it musels of tho pungent quality chatacteristic of the family. The Jaliurd stramonium (Lhorn-appie) grows in the wasto places abous our city, sud sy be kuown by its lar,o, wiite tlowers, stiazed lile o, Tirst, we nuto an Avgeid, with ite deli- cato, Vi-piunato leaves, reminding ono of the oumitive plant, In trath, it bolungs to tho sswe ordor (Jaywminaced) and sub-order (Mimgsa). "Thencacias grow matiguartersof tagloboexcept in Tarope. Loy are not 10 bo confoundod with tho- loctint, which sometimes improperiy bears tho rutne name. 'Tho truo acacias have sloners that ero like bullw or spikea of duwn, und man; of them are destituto of lesflots, aving iu thair stead wimply o llat, expunded Joar-stalk, Their fnvorite abodv 3 Austrobs and New flotland, whera between $U0 and 300 wpecies Bavo heen found. 1Mers they yuss by the name of Wal- tu-trecs. A preat wuinber of wpecies have been iwmrodiiced into Wt very few aro hardy enowsh grow out-doors i England. Many species oro overgreen, und thelr beautiful folnge and dowers renrder thom desirable oruatnents of the groou- howwee auid pasterre. Suny of thow fismnls pro- ity DHOTR) L0 COMIMEILD, B8 FUM-BTALLY, gIWw= Senegal, nud eateels, Tho Lark and pods of Womre ers uned for tnumg; 4o Bapinacec seeds of the Lt concinne ard nged fur Wantiog aud a congidersbio nutuber of w afurd cotlent timboz. Tho flovers of varhus spe uro ity fingraut, nud thors of the 4. Far Temaun yiehd by dstiliation & delieious prerfane, ‘L npeciment of the Dracana draco thist w 1 the colloction Lias nut obtmned & very Loty growith, but in ity native hnbitat the sveies do- Seton into trees of gignitio size. The coluasul Qevigu-tioo (as tho pitut 18 Satiliarly ealled) at Urotuva, in the Cuvary Isjands, Luy Lad u world- wida celebrity, 1o was luetween 70 and 75 fovt high apd 4617 foot In_eircumfurenc: at tho nac. 1t was nlroady nu ancient tree in 1402, whon the Island of ‘Teucriffo was dircovered, und jts trunk was then holluwed by de- cay. It was unfortunately destroyed by & “hurricano in 1937, The dragou-tree grows slowly, aml #8 very loug-fived, 1t is the apinion of distmguished botonists thal many kpecitictn How existits dato back to the earliest periods of buman bistary. Derthelot says, du estmating the morving-glory or foar-oclock, The po iy extrueted from ity we. “The Afropa-beile donnd 18 venomous in evers part. Henbane (Liyosoyamus Niger) is npowortul nareotic at the uimo its seeds are fornung, but iv comparatively harmicss in the earher iagen of ity growth, The oo priteiple 0xisting iu tobacco i to> wall known to teed wuention here. Other promiveut plauts Lelouging b tais onder are tho cansis \which gives us our Cavenne popper ; 8 & of Lrazil, that violds tha febrifuge, quina; snd tho Sofuans thut furnigh the “varous fruity called Quito orangou, moudrake apples, sud Kugaruo appies. erul specimens of the Centurv-Plant (Ayave Amiercana) aro couspictious in the cous wervatory. ‘Fhey are each about 20 years of aze, vou aro probabiy a long way from blussowing, Not that they must bo o handied sears old bu- Tore they bujst into Gowers, Vhatis o popular fiction, Inits uative eoil in tho tropics, the Agaee Dicssoms when from 8 to 18 years old, a0 tho period need siot bo mnch loager dolaved suywherd, if proper eare Lo @ven to the plaat. “Tiie thowe 1103 wtem of the Agare shoote up yrom thie ceutrs of the leaves to a’hieight of from 2 Lo 40 feot. At tho Lase it 13 of.eu o fuot iu diamtler. and its torminal pewcle pup- ports sumotimes g wauy ms 400 Howers, ‘Lhe #stem grows with great rapidity aftar it bag vuoo begun to dovelop, Tho Jhave sy oxtensively caltivated on tho flaius surrandiug the Cuy of Mexico for tho 0 of the 1t yreids. Wbhen it bas arrived st ma- Tty b eLvity is Wado ju the centie by cutting out the e inest loaves, aud ity this the juice puirs foi two or threo mouths &% the rats of from cight to fiftecu piuts duily, The julca when fiedhh i 8 vory surooablo beverage, bat the Mevicaus ellow 1t to ferment, after which it to- taims 118 pleasant tasto but Lun o villamous odor. 1L §4 then callea palque, aud 1 1he national drink of Mexico. A smail duty is lovied by the Cities of Mexicp and La I'icbls upon the pulpwe Lrotght withiu thoir gates, and soma ides of tha amound ccusumad iy be puined frow tho fuct tho longesity of tho diagon-tree of Urolayi: “1ho caleulntiou which wo wuko as to tue aio of the lattor mdames tho Gmaginativn.” Tuo dragon-trao is found in_ Atviea, Ani, sud > Zealand, but not t the New World, An astnin- gent rosiu, callod dragon's blood, exudes from thio surface of tho lvaves and frow thy erucka lu the tunk of 1he trew, ‘I'he Lracana draco balongs to the lily family (Lifwceny, aud #o doos the Yueoa alaifolsd, which we' seo stauding noar it, “Lhus lasi (orms n pali-liko tros growing from 12 to 2) feot high. Tho Yuccas sre uatives of North sud Suuth Aworics, Tho Y, jlamentoya, or *Adaw's Neodle," ia commouly oultivatid In onr gardeny, and 1t beautiful croam-coiorod bulls aro groatly admited. Uhe tluwoers of tho Y, aloifolua are tinted with purplo oo the outade, sud borno upou stalie from 8 to 8 foct bigh. 'Tho leaves nro wvergreon, sud their stroug Abres are manus factured by tho Indians into cioth aud cordage. "Tue fan-paluy, with a fau recently cut and oy ap to bleach iu tho pot besido it, ateracts u good deal of attontion, ‘Tho palms &ro & numeroud, stately, sud useful family. About 450 differout hpceics ro enumeratod, and it 18 estimated that ono-sixth of the wholo numbar bear fan-shaped fouves, Amoug the prowinent fav-palms wro the doum-pehn, tho doutile cocoanut,tho pulmet- to, of North America, tho Talipat palin, some- times_enlled tho groat fan-palw, aud tho only fraly Luropean palw, the Chanmerops humilis, A tow wpecies of palms have undivided leaves, and (hess aro somotitos 0 feot loug by 4 or b feet broad. 'Phe msjority of the fam- ily, Lowever, hLave piuuato loaves, = tho longest of which measurs b0 feot long by 8 feet broad. The fuu-phaped leaves of tho "Yulipat yalm are usuaily abont 18 feot long aud 14 foct broad, o siuglo ono bolug large euough to shelter fifteon or $wonty men., Thoy sro used for Writing purposcs by tho inkabitants of Mal- abar, tho chasactars boing tisood on them with an iron style, Tbls uoble Fest India palin (Corypha wmbraculifera) ofton grows to the beigth of 100 foet, aud when it Howers, at the ago of 30 or 40 yours, it seuds u;l s brauchiug siom of flowors to tho_ Leight of 80 fuat above ita crown of gigantio leaves, Aftor ouce blos roming snd ripeniog frait tho life of the tree geuerally endod, ‘I'ho tlowers of the palm are. small, but, pro- duced in denyo manses, ofton mako a couspiouous display, The fleshy spiko or spadix ou which that bofore the Hevolution this tax zave the two w8 rovontio of mearly §1,000.000 aunually, iy etrong fibres of the Agate are munufactured inzo taread, twine, aud 1ope. On tho wostern const tigEing for slups is wado of theru. But we have delaved vo long over the savernl Plants that gmuct our rst nitentivh, wo mun 1rovo tho conservatory at | resent sud pross into tho main ball of the Expositin, where s few rtrikinig objects bolonging to the vesetablo kiug. dom claim & womont's notice. Iu the exbibition of froits fram Oceau Spiings, Miss,, thore are wuveral intorosting species wlich have the attrac- Lon of novelts to most Northoruers, Tho pome- prauate summouns with its name a crowd of Orioutal swsociations, Tho poetry and tlo pa- geantry of the Lsst are jimmediately arouud us, aud tho cold, prosais present is for tho lostaut forgotien, From timo immeworisl tho pomegrans ato baw been cultivatod iu_Asin, and itd ention frequently oecurs i tho Old Testawent, aud lu thip postry aud romance of Oriental nations. Inata.wild stato tho pomegranate is a thorny shrub, but under cultivauov it is transfonned fnto 8 luw tree with a thick spray of ilhe branchos. Tho tlowers are scatles and the fruit i 1n wize liko a largo, tluttened oraugo, with a thick, tough rind aud a grimson pulp of & deli- cate sweol or sub-acid thsvor. Itis often uded Tiko tho lemon, iu tho preparakion of coolg drinks, The tind of tla fruly contaius tauniu, aud inusod for drossing tho finost morocco leath- er. The mmuimunw 18 eultivated in sowo partn of Southorn Europe s4 a hiodgo plant. It will crow in the open uif b the South of Fuyland, hut tho frmt it boars iu that cold cluuate i3 worthivs By thoslile of the pomegranate we notice the custard-npple, another product of tropicul coun- tried, Bovera) specios Lf Anona bear s name, but sho dnona reliculata is vost cusitlod to it. It i@ o native of Amorica, yor in largely suitivatod in the East ludies. The common papaw s elosely allied to thoe custard spple, bolug & matn- ber of the same family {Anonucea), 'The chioris mogyer, one of tho most dolicious fruita of Bouth Amierica, is_embraced in tho vame gonus, The interior of thess fruits is soft like & custerd and of » ploasing {ragrance and slavor. Bat lenving fruita as well as plants bebind, we cotno 1u tho contry of the hsll, to the only gen- uine floral display in the Exposition. Wo have Lnuted above at the roasons why the cherished Jumatos of the couscrvatory do not exhibis their thoy Krow 14 usually euveloped at tho base in & Josthery or woody loaf called mpathe. This ppatha 1a often so long and stout that it is used Dy the uativas as & wator-tub, or a3 a cradle for their babies. The spadix, risiug from » single ppatho of tho data-paluy, containg about 13,000 qualo Nowors ; & spathe of the Alfonsia amyg- daling is said (o contain 207,000 fawers, and all 1o spathios oo & single tres contain 600,000 flowers; while avery bunch of tho Soje paiia of tho Otinooo bears 8,000 fruits, Tho towers of woma pulwe are excoodingly fragrant and wtiract swarms of ivecots. The fruit is oither a borry, or & stoue frult, or & bony nut, sod varios in dimousions in the diferent spucies from the size of & pea to that of & cocoa- dolicate blossoms for the enjoyment of Aighte weers, The conditous wie unfavorsble, aud iloic flowers i€ _allowed to run the haszerd of courting the publio oyo slmost inovitally drop aud perlsh. T'o cowfponsute for this loss to the Fxposition there s a nrgo and vazied srray of floworn made by cunpix ¢ buman bsnds and out of mora durablo matcrials thau Nuture ewployn fu bor tloral ereations. We sllude to tlu work of tho artists {n wax, Tu the producsions of Mrs. 0. J. Dickenson, Mre, Loll, and othory, art so dexterously uuitates naturo that it 4 simost Jmpossibie’ o dis- tinguwh tho ooo irom the other. Oul the voul of the ower, its fragraace, is WABLLLE, sud ueither artista uor chemists b uut, Of the mamfold products of tho palns wo Lavo not kpnoe Liore to speak, Thero is scarcely s neceatity 0 human lifo which they do nat supply. Wine, oil, wax, sugar, salt, says Huwuboldt, ure yiolded by tlis tnibo, aud Vou Murtius sdds Tureaus, utonsile, wespons, food, aud bLabitas tions, Tho pahnk belong to the trapical zove, aud within snd bordenug itu Limits are foynd in Lo whole ciroutt of tho globo. The Paudanus Utilis, or ucrow-ping, belongy to @ fawily (Pandanace) but w stop removed trow the palms. In this gouus the leayes aro wrrangod iu o spiral furm round the axiy, ghviug the stoms the lovk ol & corkaczew, Leuce 3 sblo to croato that subsle, indetiuable, ‘mysteri= ous csapuce which constitutes the vital part of the liviog organism. Still, fuwers without souls sTe immoasirably better than noso. 1f wo can havo tho fresh, Living products of maturs, thoy sre groatly proferable o tho works ot art. Shuid 14 roally 50 comparison betweop $ho rode judt acked from the stem sad the most oxquisito copv, Yel the rmtural ruso will 80 qn{ul{ fuda sua biriug tho gioomy shadow of death iuto our pressuce that for many purposes tho artificisl oue is wore des xabla. Who does ot ssporience. after the first sen- satious of aelighs over the ponucetion ol & lovely Lowquet, bavkat, or bLoatonniste, £ howing redections AL, T munt 60 porm koo itdin™7 Sucl pangaaro dparad taa ownor of towers in wax or w pants, aod thorofors they who deligat mat in nature find comfort in eri, 10 yun havo rxiven through o period of time, say yearm, £ make planca thrya in your forners, and Uiey hava | erastently reanted, —tho painful dia- gy oitrut is known to manv,—there Is a guod @-alof wuly-o b Lewng side to hido your faliure an the Lnlts of wax fernw and begonins and protts-leaved piunts with whick you ean fill your hatren caro, They aro i the munsest parlicular trilo to natira, ardl, though Incking life, there is thy ratiefact on of Enowing they will not dawp Of and dirapikeat 1 o Curea of u woe Then u elatmp of Wikl vioiets, or of sweet pens, a el of woter-hlies, & vare of wized flowons, 6t # eross twned with dalieata vines jater= mingled with your favorito uds and blossame, affuri« nperinaneut pioamte by e grace pud Len.ity. Lt furnishes s Lit of Livlung oolor and exginite form to_dacorate SoUT Fonut, Al 18 8 serpetual reminder of the living loveliness t counterfeits. Yew, i you canuol have a dnily rupply of fresh Howers fur the table aud mantel-picee, aceept their. wasen im agew in their place with gratitude, Wrought in sich perfection and arranged with puch taste oy aro the flowe:a and foliace plapts covtributed to tho Expo-ition by the ladies whoso names wo have mentioned, they dekerye o TAUK Atnom works of art with any picces of stiil life Lungon tho walln of tho picture gallery. FOND DU LAC. Some Obrervations in the Srcond €ity of Wisconsiti—Gen, Rrigg, Charley Eldredie, nnd Postmaster Coleman, the Poltticnl Marnntes—Opening of the Americun Fouse. sal {orreapandence of The Chicago Tritwne, Foxn De Lae, Wik, Sopt. 50 epoudent of Tix TinuNE in s perambulatiouy finde bimwe'f fust now looking over the aecond ity of the Batger State, and believes that tho tesders of Tur: Tripusr will bo fntorested in heatfug romethiug about it. T found the second city just whero my teaclhier long years ago told me it could Lo fuund, in the midstof Wisconrin's richicst grain-producing regiun, OUTLUOK, 1t is & pleasant and vretty city of some 17,000 or 18,000 souis. and ot this timo is enjoying a prosperous busiuess, with indicatious of a toor- thn gl wbing fall trsde. Wheat ana sl kindg of gmin aro mow flowiug into ita mar kety fa largor quantities than for yoars, and bring a better price. 1 was Infonned that throughout a1l this nection of country the erops of all kiuds bave been the lurgent” grown in tweuty yoars. ln many imstancos, wheat law produced from 25 to 33 Lusheis per scre: amd Larley and oats will aversie 4010 50 Lushols per scro. The renult is, tho farmers are bappy and bave plenty of money, and when the people Lave money they spond it. TUL TAIR bas just passed off in & most gratifying manner tosll. It boy been the mout successiul ever known hero. IMIHOVENENTS, The second city hias dotie Liereell eredit in this dicection duri ng the pase season. Bowo ten or twelve tine business lhouses bave Leen crected on the privcipal stroct, aud ouo or two now etreets Nicolouized, Thero buve becn many now aud elegant temdencen erected. Among the wore prowinent are those of 3Mr. Muoor, Mr. Auo Mr. Fux. Mr, Bodford, 3. Kuapp, and wgo. BUNEWHAT RELIGINUS, Fond dn Lac Lak at lost got & Eiwhiop, and tke good peoplo will make a stroag effort to have this tho hradqusrters for tho Diocese, Thero suems to le & general good feeling from sll quarters vith regard to the nowly-elected Bishop, POLITICAL. The poiitical parties of tho city and couuty nre numerone, and cauio an une ensy feeling omong tho piaco eceliers. They ara the Republicans. the 1ndependents, the Gisugers, aud the Lomocrais. Each I efraid of the other. Tieo Lopublicoans are the most united of any, and are_uuder the leador~ ship of James Columsu, P M., who reads Tun Tuistse: and, of conrse, nreaches ghe true and guadulterated Kepublican theolog: Tue pendents are uuder the bun- . ‘Fhe Geueral haa giraddloed S iueal *oes " thet was rideablo i1 hgpiea of an ofico, but, 4o far, Law Leen dig- tanced in the tiret beat, to-wit: in tho Conven tions, But tho Genernl thinks tiow is the ace cepted timn : ond, v embiviatic of his faith in thio Grauge moveuent, bo now wears tho Lickory shirt, ana sings @ * Ob. wo are the reajers thut garmer iu the slieases of the good from the ficlds of rin." Tuo General haa logged in his q way for tha prtia of Goveinor, aud raiber expicted it this fall, but Tavier was too mnich of & atrategivt for the war-wurn veteran, sud ho wns once more shelver, 'lie leader of the milurian-moss-cov- ered Democrats, and_the gentlemuy who has managed Lo keep the General oy tho botton: po- lizieal phelf, 18 510 less a pergonago than tho Hon, Cliartes A. Lidredge, oxe)l, C., sd back-satary bber, Theve has heen b cont:nual war from tine imtnenonial butweod lrawy sud Lldredgo, Which, from the preseut outlook, is going to {nure to tie benefit of the Revablicans, as eack will go with that party before uniting them- kclves, **Charioy,” as he is called, is w host in the camp of tho Thilistine Demo- erate, bul At piesent 48 \eTy guiet on politica aud financen, and oseillates Detween th's place and tho head:juartors of tho dyod-w-the-wool Democruts st Washington, It 14 rumored that ho i3 ** fiving thines ™ for a bigh placo on the national ticket i *+'76.” or fur » place tn the Cabinet W ca~o of & success, Hat Ul ley flemies and Keops bin uwa courcl, and will probat Iy turn up, 88 be has always doue, wehien you lea-t exjpect to £eo b SOCIAL AND OFNERVISEL Tho wocial event of the season came off on Menday mght. I was the opening of the vew “American House,” with u rupnor aid bull. Ap- propriata specches were mado by Scnator Hincs, ex-Mayors L'ateben and Dodd. " Among the yer- &ony prosent Leidos tho above wore Judge Tay- Jor and wifo, ex-Mavor McDounald and wife, Judgo Conlklin and wite, Mr, Jahn AleDonuald and wite, Mr. J. R Stk Mr, Fiower and wifo, Judge Nisbet, Mr. Town and wifo, Mr. Coruwal, Mr. Simmous snd wife, Mr. Perry, wife and daughter, Mr. Kalk and wife, Mr, Kont and wife, Mr. Allo, Dr. Bishop aud wife, Sr. Benton smd wife, Mr. Carswell, the Ilon, James Columau and wifo, and many others. R ILLINOIS FRIENDS' YEARLY MEETING. 8y ecial Correapundence of The Chicago Tribunié Mexvota, Lil., Sept, 30, —~Thws religious Lody orgouized & Yoarly Moating at Heunopin on the 1:th of boptember, in & Landsome vew temple juet finished, Two thoussud peoplo Woro pred- ent at tho dedication. Delegates wore present from New York, Philadelphis, and Daltimore, The principal speakeza wero tho venetsbloJosoph Dugdale, from Towa, President of tho Pesco Socloty ; Bamuel M, Januey, tie historisu of tho Frionds, from Virginia; M. Kirk, of Lhiladel- phia, and auother lady from Now York; Thomas Foulke, of Dallimore. The scerious woro closed " with* wleus praver. Frioud Dug- dsle, of lowa, futreduced into the meeting tho subjeot of memorializiug ho Cougroun of tho Unitod States ju favor of a Warld's Parliament to settlo nationsl disputes, T'he motion was carsied by acclamation, Friand ). 1ins boen halding crowdod msctings s was at Heunepiu_last Sabbath, aud spoko with great forvos end ability, fu tho Methodies Episcopal Church, s views are unsectarian, and mado a doep hwprecaion, He goes, I lioar, to Bterling sad other polutd in the Stato. ANTIPODES, YOE, o loved all siadowy spols, ail seasons drear ; A1) way of tlarknous Laatly whind Btrasgo fellowsbips bo uld with wobilus griz, AU whosy delnoniag vyes ho folt no fear, ubia through deuse branchus bie would Fur, Tro watls the pulo ghoul feed, by towmbstones diin ¢ ¥he appaliing forms of phautoms walked with hio, Aud wrder broathied 3 Ted guilt iu hls eart Dy deaclato paths of droam, where fancy's owl %eut loug lugubrlous boots through sombre air, Atwid thoughit's gloornieet caves hu wet Lo prowl, Aud quct deliriu {u bor awful lair, And wlugled with cold shapes that writha or scawl— erpents of borror, black bats of duspair | WINTTIER Freal 88 on breozy scas tho avceudsnt day, Aud bright w on thick dows 1bs rudiant trace ; Ture as the atulle an suio bobu's dreaniig (500 § Hopeful sa isaduws at the Lrustli of 313y, Oue Joftiest at hix tuclodics obey, Like dawnward larks {u rosats deeps of space,~ ‘While thiat large rovesvnt fove for ail Lis ruce Bt & tiat o manbood's losdlior way ! s, ke pearls, arv luminous set strong ; et oa thowd eatiobics wiiky i calink We wouin Lave fait tho fulliug, in bis souy, OF Denedictioua aud ot ssered bolius— T have sout the survoled augels group snd throRg i uuvynly valioylands, by abdolug paluial —Eugar Fowceld i Now Juri dribune, 3 — —r———= MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY. The New College Year Opening under Most Favorable . Ausplees. A Bloody Chasm Established Between the Two Bchools of Modicine. The Allopaihic Depariment Makes s Statement Declaring Profesalonal Recogaltion of the Momeop« athists Tpossible, The Dental School, the School of Mines, and the New Water-Works, S ectal Correxpondence of The Chicago Tribune, Axx Aunus, Mich, Bept. 30.—The Unliveralty af Juchusau ty thirty-oiphit yosrs old. Although a were chilid ay compared with the great inatitue Lions of \ie Yast, sho lifts p ber hesd at the Legwumg of s unow year with considerable diguity. 8ho ix antitled to indulgence in this FULAK OF KELY-ERTERN, 1ot ouly beeause of past ustnlness, hut also by what klio fromisen for tho future, If poverty brings out tho qualities in & man and makes bian wtrong bocause he must wxurcino lin powors 1o e, 80 nuue the loss mny it make an justitution of fesmuy, The Univer. wty of Michigan bas oftoutimos approachied the vergo of atarvation. and yet nover tns lont et balanco and fallen mto dostruction. Alttoitgh yot but feebly fod by the cswnba from Fortunc's bond, sho iy strong and very nseful. While ler gradustes for a number of years have out~ numbered those of any other institutiou of learn- ing i the land, the attoudance this coming year promines to be till greater thau ever befors. ‘This i» due both 10 the incressing oxcollence of tho University aud to tho now departments o) schools that have just been opeue Yesterdug, with the literary depactmont, A XEW SCHOOL OF MINES began ite work. At tho last scssion of th Logielature of tho Stato hberal appropriations wore made for It support, and already those meang hato beon put to use in fitting up rooms, seeunng apparatus, and in. tho begnuing of collection of models, engravings, etc., for the us0 of tho dopartment, The rooma to be occu. pied by the School of Mines sro Jocatod in ong of the wings of tue laboratory, Theso consisl of & lecture-rootn, & museum, and ® very I8rgz0 room 1o be devoted to the study of metal lurgy proper. Intho latter aro located sssay turuaces for gold, eilver, sud ather mtals, forges, blast-furuaces, and sll the possible ap- pliances for practical work in metallurgy. Thix kchool is under tho special supervision of Prof. 8. H. Douglas, formerly of the Dopartment of Chemistry, snd Prof, W, 1f, Detes, recently from Harvard University, Tho attendance will undoubtedly bo small this year, as it was not gonorully known till 8 lato hour that thisde- partmout would bo opened thia fall, JIOMEOPATHT, To-morrow the Humeopatbic College and tha Dental School commence their carcer in the Uviversity. Ifomeopatby bas lad s long and eventrul strugglo for & footing hero, which might be eaid to characterize one period in the lifo of tho University. Tho allopathicschool bag been very popular for s number of years past, and in its overwcoping prido has scornfuily and bitterly opposed all atiempts to introduce tho teachings of its rival’s doctrine. It couldn't Do musgnamimous cnough to allow the **hum- bug " to como up and roveal its absurdities, it it bad avy. Tho very opposition to home- opathy has given it stengih snd coufl- deuco, mud uow wo find it ostadlished in tha University, 1o prosper avd succeed, tul who kuows butit will overshadow iis ungrateful nyal? Dr. Abram Sager, one of the oldest Pro- fessors wnd for s great wany years Deoan of the Medical Yaculty, was foolish enough to resigs bis position and epeak @ great maoy loud and hareh words because homsopsthy was to be taughit in the Univernity, Ho know that it would vot mterforo in the losst with his own school, but be evidently sxpected that he would inaug- urate a gencrsl withdrawal of bis brothers from tho Faculty, His expectations wero not resls ized, hoaever, and Lo had to stop out o the cold slovo. Dr. Palmer, the powle-ciected Dean of the Iaculty, has publickid recently o jenpthy statement which ha claims detines bis atnl hig “cotloagues’ posttion with regard to homeopatby. After dealing fully upon what_ overvbody knowe, viz, that tho ilomoopathic Coiloze has nothing whatover to do mith the old Medical Dopartment ; that the atlopatlue Professuts aro hot to BpREAr apon the diplomss of the homeopathic studeuts, and vico verea. and tuat the former Liave no part in rec~ owmending to the world the fitness of homeo- yathie graduntes to practice medicine, o eme phatically denonunces homeopathy as o bumbug, aud all who practice it as bypocritas, He says ¢ moreover, that tho allopnttue Professors can never be expeeled to contaminato themselvas by Professional aesociation with thesa spostates. He then conenmex muen paper in explaiufug why more of the Faoulty did not resi Lis ressons way bo sninwed up aa follows : men iu_the profession hind advized them not to take this course. it would be cowardice in the Ity, aud worss,—it would Lo treason to tho of medical cronco and o the profes- v sbundon tho flold, swrondoring a Eminent Hion, atronghold without resistauce—+ to floo from our guus when the iuvaders, if they may bo w0 coneidered, hava placod tuemeslved within the most offoctive raugo. Either tue Univereity would bo given up to the undisputed possessivis af tho bomeopathis, or a miodicat Fag- aley wonld be formed which, if not fraternizing With Lomoopathy, would boless thm it rosisting its advances aud in expusing its follies. From whatever poiut of view, tha more the Faaulty conridor the subject tho more preposterous ap- pars tho iden of ubnndoulu;i their posts.” Tho abovo ore tho words of Dr. Palimer. A separate butding Ling beon fitted up, with sa oxcellent teeture-toom and with oiices, for tho use of this Collego uud of the Dental School. Theee two weutletnen, Drs. Sswuel A. Joues and John O, Morgan, will givo lustruction rospectively on materia medics and thorapoutics, aud ou the theory and practice of medicine, TUE DENTAL HCUOOL will occupy rooms as boforestatad in the Homeo pathio College. A maunificont dental laboratory will bo fitted up, spparstus for which haa been kindly contributed by different maunfactuiers, Thin #ehool ia underthe charge of Drs, Taflt, Watling, sud Jackeon. Stdl another Liberal grant of mouoy by the lst Legislaturo providad for tho erection of watcr- works to supply the University, Tho laboratory of thie University raquires an abundast supply al this fuld, and, moreaver, tho Univorsity builde inga weroin oxcellvot circumatances forcomplets destruction by fire. ‘Theso difliculties and Qangors aro m)f obviatod now by the construction of works which provide an sbundant supply of TIUE FINE-EITINOUISHES, - A tower 20 foot abiova the sucfaco of tha gronnd has boon erected, with a capacity of 40,1 Rale lons. A siroug pump is always 'in working or. der, underground pipes extoud 10 all the bulld. logs (.Jll 'mfi Univesity, :aem hydracts are are ranged at all neceseary 4, si‘m. A aro other llluu ‘worthy of atten- tion, ouly oue of which I will now call attention to. Provision bas poon mado for the eatablish. wmeut of A IROFRSBORSHIP OF ARCRITECTUBE} and this will be dobe 33 soon 18 & wnflclent number of studonts skiall prosent thomaslyes for that specialty. ‘Che geueral tibrary alresdy con- taips wany works on that subject, and late- ly s mnfumuul. ailt bas boon tendored thio University o the hapo of a velusble and raro work on paval srchiecturd, by J. Beolt Hussell, £, R 8, Vice-Prevideut of the Iuatis utto of Civil Eugiucers, aud of the Institute of Nuval Architects, Loudon, sud buider of the Groat Eastern, Tho work is compteted in three etupendous volumes of double-olephant folio wizo. Thoy aro worth §285 in gold, snd woeigh 145 pounds, ‘Tho first volume is describlive, aud he remaining two contaln engraviugs oaly. There are probably none othiers, at least but few, of the same editlun 1n the couniry. 'Yhey ara tue present of J, J. llagermann, Esq., Presideut of tha AMilwaukee Iron Cowpany, Who Wad fore merly iuterosted in navigation, Bo the Unliversity, ne I ssid in the b of thu lethor, is vquipped fur grestor an work thau slio has ever done beforo. A litte boy who was Learly starved by » atiogy unclo with whow he lved, moetiug s lank Brfi; houud, one day ia tho stroet, was asked by usrdisn what tusde the dog so thin, After xo- tleating, the little follow repliod, **1 supyose be livew with his uncle.” inning botter To.