Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 26, 1875, Page 4

TIIE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TIIURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 1870. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. BATEE OF ATRACRIPTION {TATANLR TX ABYARCE), Pontnx rpald nt this Omee. 300 | Weekly, ) 1.65 ".’D‘Ub’l’lhu!l. o 3.00 v Parts of a ye the same rate, WANTED—One active agent (o each town and villagn, Bpecinl srrangemenis made with such, ent {ree. nd mistakes, be wnro and give TERVS 7o CITY SUISCRINERA, Dafly, dellverad, Bundsy excejtad, 23 cents por week, Duily, dolivered, Bunday fuciuded, B1) conta ror woek, Address THR TRIBUNE COMIANY, Corner Madison and Dearboru-sta,, Olilcago, Ll ! TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. © MOVICKEN'S THEATRE--Madleon rtreet, bebween Dearborn and State. ~ Engagement of Edwid Adaws, ¥ Clancasty,” ADELPHI THEATRE: Monroe, *Tho Days of chuborn street, corner CMICAGO THEATRE—Ciark street, between Nan- flolph and Lako, *' OId Hezds and Young Hearls,” HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph streel, between Clark ond Lafalle, Engagement of John Dillon, “ Paul Fry * ond ¢ 1ila Lant Legs,” TWENTY-TAIRD STREET BALL GROUNDS— Champlouaip gano botwoen the Athletio and Chicago i ATTENTION, SIR KNIGHTS |~Chicago Cammand- erv, No, 14, K, T., moets every Thursday evening for drill st #t o'clock wbarp, Metnbetn are carne questsd to Le preseut, By orider of th ¥ RICHARD T. FLOI ) Captain-General. Uhe Chicagy Tribune, Thursday Morning, Auguat 230, 1875, Greonbacks at tho New York Gold Ex- change yesterdny opencd ot 88, and imme- dintely fell to 88}, nt which price all the pur- chases of the day were made. 1t is estimated by the Minoesota Commis- sloner of Statistica that the wleat yield of that State the present year will bo far greater than over before. Ho eatimntes tho surplua over home needs at 24,000,000 Lush- cls, which figures oxceed thosa of tho total crop of last year. The Mormon citizens of Beaver, Utah, are about to tender Jonx D. Lee, who was lately tried for his connection with the Mountain. Meadow massacre and acquitted by a disn- greement of tho jury, a publio recoption and banquet. Thislooks like ndding insult to in- jury. The trinl itself was a forco. The packed Mormon jury returned a verdiot which was o foregone conclusion,—a virtual an- nouncement that no Mormon shall be pun- ished for killing o Gentile ; and now to add a public reception and a banquet to a man who was very clearly shown to have the blood of innocont women and childron on his skirts is simply a public ontrage. Complaints are heard, and in high places, of the unusual nmount of #senteeism preva- lent in Washington this summer, Hends of Departments in taking brief vacations have doubtless onjoyed themselves and obtained necossary respite nnd recreation, but it has happened inconveniently to the public that they hnve all boen absent at the game time, leaving the Capital empty of a single execu- tive or ministerial officer ; 80 that people vis- iting Washington for tho transaction of im- portant business have been subjected to much vexation, dclay, nnd extra expenso. Bome- thing too much of this has been truo of lnte, furnishing rensonable grounds for fault-find- ing. 1f vacation-scason is not nlrosdy ended, it would improve matters if the pleasure- seeking Becretaries should so arrange their departures as to leava somebody at home, The grand mass-mooting in Detroit in fa- ¥or of cheap imitation.money of the *“blue- pup and " yellow-dog " variety proved to bo & wretched failuro, It was mainly conspicu- ous for the absenco of the notables who woro to nddrens the crowd, and of the crowd which was to listen to the notalles. Tho notables didn't come and the crowd stayed away. Ex.Sonator CanrrsTer, of Wisconsin, was aunounced as one of the big guns, bat Mr. Canrextes fired off his gun bofore the time, and it wasn't in the direction of the inflation-target. Benator Qonoow, of Geor- gia, was also to bs present to illus- trate the inflation tendeoney of his part of the country, but he did not put in an appearance. Lven Wespenn Puiniirs hadn't confidence enough to come, In fact, the attraction dwindled down to Kerier and Hooron, and, instend of the crowd of 10,000 which had been confidently expected, there was & sparse assemblage of Bourbons and fanatics who listened to Kerrex's stale twad- dle about 8,6% scrip, and some other irrespon. sible and reckless utterances. ‘The more mneetings of this kind that are held, the hot~ ter it will be for the cause of honest money and the prosperity of the country, ————— in Chiengo upon the subject of candidates for the Cook County judiciary have been collated inan interesting nrticle on another page of this jssuo. The sentiment is unanimous mnong our foremost lawyers that political predilections should cut no figure in the nomination of the Judges to bo elected in November, but that ability and integrity alone should be con- sidered. Xf, however, as is likely to be the case, the question of politics is forced into prominence, the members of the Bar are bopeful that an agreement mny bo reached whereby but two nominations will be mada, a Ropublican and a Domocrat, both to bo the very best men, Judge Ganx is quite generally favored for re-eloction to the Buperior Court; while it is thought de. sirable that the Bench vacated by Judge Terz's resiguation should be filled by some one among tho large number of ablo aud 1n every way estimable jusists of the Democratio persuasion. The judiciary of Cook County has long borne a high reputa. tion for first-class nbility and sterling integ- rity, and it is gratifying to note a disposition to continue this extromely creditable and dssirable order of things. The Chicago produce markets wers goner. ally easior yostordsy. Mess pork was active and 8o per brl higher, closing at $20,70 cash, and $20.80 for October, Lard was quiet and easier, closing at $18.174 casl, and 219.524 for October. Meats wero in moderatarequest and weak, at Bo for shoulders, 11o for short ribs, aud 11jo for short clears, Highwines were quiet and steady, ot §1.10§ per gallon, Lake freights were dull, and quoted at 20 for corn t Buffalo. Flonr wos quiet and easlor, Wheat waa moderately active, and o lower, eclosing firm 4t §1.10§ cash and 91,154 for Beptember, Corn wea less nctive, and jd lowag, eloalng & 070 cush, and 07je for Bep- tombor. Oats were active and stronger, elos. ing nt 40]e eash, and 36ic for October. Rye wa3 quict and firmer, at 82@8%¢. Darley waa quict, and 1)c higher, closing at 1.0 for September. Hogs wero quist and 5@10¢ lower for common and medinm grades, Sales werae principally at $7.60@7.90, Cattla wero in fair demand at about Tuesday's quotations, with the bulk of snles at §3.00@6.75. Sheep wero quiet and ateadior, at £3.00@4.75, One hundred doflara in gold would buy $113.57 in greenbacks at tho clos The Commission now at the Red Clond Agency has actually found ont something abont the lean yearlings with which the con- tractors have kindly supplied the Indiana at pricos to the Government that would havo paid for fat, grown catfle. BENsadMN Tio- B178, butcher at the Agency, has been the un- conscious agent in disseminating useful in- formation, 'Tho contractors firat maid theie were no yearlings in the hords. When this wna shown to be a lie, they remarked that they wera Christians; that thoy could not seporato families, could not tear asunder tho young nnd their loving parents; and that they magnanimously ** threw in” the year- lings. Now, B, T, butcher, eox- plains that it is the cuslom to weigh n lot of cnttle and calves together, in order not to lacorate the heart of tho mn- ternal cow, and then divide the gross weight Ly the number of the eattle, It does not clearly appear from this Low the yearlings are ‘‘tbrown in,” and it hos alveady ap- poared that the formality of weighing is dis- pensed with whenever it is ** eafo” to do so, and each of tho wholo herd counted at about five timea the weight of the fattest, but as the contractors are Christians, and the Agent is o minister, and Secretary Devnano has not yet been dismissed in disgrace, we presume this settles the mntter, There ia nothing to do but to let the ministerinl Agent and the Christian contractors keep on preying. THE REPUBLIOAN PLATFORM IN 1878. There is no mistaking the evidence of the times, There is a flerce contest in the Democratie party on the issue of the cur. rency—8hall it be redcemable ernot ? It is astruggle between the factions whether tha party sball enter the Presidential election in favorof n Government currency, inflated and irredoemable. The Republican party will not be at liberty in 1876, even if o disposed, to hold any questionable position on this subject. Itis the question of the day,—one on which every man of whatever occupation and calling in all parts of the country takes a deep interest, and one on which he expecta and intends to vote at the next clection. Thera can be no question as to the position which the Republican party must take on that question, It represcnts the great mass of tho intelligent people engaged in produc. tion, commerce, and (transportation, in all their branches, It represents the productive labor, and the active capi- tal employod in trado snd manufac. tures, and in the productions of tho soil, the mines, and the forest. It repre. sents the capital employed in the commercial transactions by which the exchangos of products sre managed, and tho surplus of one section is made to supply the deficiencies of the other, It represents the agencies by which the produot of one man's labor beyond tho need for his own consumption is ex. changed for tha product of other men and of other Innds. Buch o party, representing snch a constitu. ency, cannot afford to occupy an evasive or doubitful position on a subject involving the relations of the Government to its creditors, ‘The national debt was created to preserve the nationnl existence. At no time did the Re- publican party intimate that any portion of that debt would be repudiated diractly or in. roctly ; on the contrary, bolding that the debt was croated for asacred purposs, ita pay- ment was declared to be an oblligation which could not be avoided. In March, 1869, it placed itsolf on record that the national debt, in whatever form it might exiat, and espe- cinlly the groenbacks, was payable in real money. 'Tho Republican party could take no other position. On the Democratic sido thero were twelve States in which the whole debt was declared to have been unlaw- fully created, because created for the unlaw. ful purpose of coercing soceded sovereign States, and shonld therefore never be paid. The Republican party, being responsible for the Government credit, had no alternative but to puton rocord, in the sutboritative form of = national law, that the whole debt was to be paid, and to be paid in coin, save in such canes ns it was otherwise provided in the debt itself, Thero was, howerer, for a time a loosenocss on the part of a numbor of Republican atates- men on this subject, and there was much wild rhetoric by many prominent men in favor of *‘more greonbacks,” an expanded fusue of Govarnment paper, and the inutility of pro. viding for the redemption of a paper ‘backed by tho faith resources of the nation.” This loose morality on a vital question found ex- prossion in an act of Congress, carried mainly by Democratic votes and the yotes of Repub- licans ncling thoughtlessly and reclklessly, ‘I'he measure, however, was arrested by the timely voto of the President. He required Congroas to pause and consider the conse- quences of any departure from the plain path of national honor sud the well.established principles of financial policy, The country owes much to this veto of the President. 1t appenled to the good senve of all thoughtful men in the country. It arvested the danger- ous drifting of politicians toward inflation, and attractad the attontive deliberation of the country. Its effect was felt by the Domo- cratio party. All over the Union, Democrats of utanding and sbility {ndignantly spurned the Cincinnatl heresy, which, howsver ac- ceptabla to the thrico-repudiated politicians of that locality, was dangerous and perilous to the country, But the effect upon the Republican party was geneial and healthful. Already, Senator MonToX has explained that his previous posi- tion had besn grossly misunderstood; that he hsd never favored an issue of greenbacks beyond the original limit of $400,000,000, nor did he ever design that they should bo employed in paying off the bonded debt until thoy were aequal to coin in value, Benator Suenman hos also placed himself right before the country. Seuator Fiagy, of Mioligan, who has been held up to the country as the special champion of an unlimited isaue of an irredeemable currency, has found it desirable in like manner to reliove himself of the un. just aspersions upon his patriotism aud his intolligence, and to show that he, too, is in full accord with the mass of the Republican party, and In favor of maintaining the na. tional credit end good faith with the publio creditors by payment in fact, and not by ve- nowals of broken promises. We Lave no haitstion in assuming and statiug, though we Lave uo axpress sutlorly to do 80, that the two Benntors from Tilinois are not going to separate themsclves from the Republican purty on this fwuo of an honest payment of the publie debt, there- by olevating the national currency from the dirgraco of depreciation and protest to a par with the money standard known to civiliza. tion. In 1876, we oxpect no more able cham- plonehip of the wisdom and honesty of a ro- deemable national currency than that made by the Scnators from Illinois. On that ques- tion tho Republican party will neither bo divided nor hold an ognivocal position. As with the Democrats, there may Lo some who will go ovor to the other aide; but within the Republican party there will bo but one voico, and that will be in favor of na speedy return to honest money,—aourrency exchange. sble at par on demand, In the meantime, wo suggest to the half- dozen newspnpers which profoss to be ora- cles of tho Republican party, and are frantie for nnlimited inflation, and opposed to any resumption, present or future, of the greon- backs, the proprioty of taking in snil and of rovising their music. Next year ALLeN or PexpLeToN will be tho irredesmable pnper- money candidato, and these papers may be ombarrassed in tho support of a Republican on an opposing platform. THE NEW BOSTON PARTY. Extremos meet. A new politieal bed har been Inid out with two of the strangest bed- fellows in it, Bangs of Boston and Laxan of Mississippi. Daxss of Boston hns always wanted and nlwoys will want office ; likewiso Layur. Consequently the friends of Baxgs of Boston and Lawiar of Mississippi have met together, these friends being composed of ambitious membors of Posts of the Army of the Republic aud politiciane out of office and out at clbows, and have organized a party, tho party thus far being composed of them- aelves, numberinga fow hundreds. Some very cheap patriotic letters have passed between Daxks of Boston, Latan of Mississippi, and their respoctive camp-followers; and they have goue through the form of *‘shaking hands noross the bloody chasm " and burying hatchets and tomahawks. A platform of po- litical platitudes has been adopted, contain- ing nothing that has not been * wharcased " and *resolved " a hundred timos before, and Baxgs of Boston and Lawman of Mississippi may now be considered nd in gctive training for the Presidency and Vice-Presidoncy of the United States, That they will run for these offices is prob- able, because thore is no law to prevent it. That thoy will get any considerable number of votes, however, does admit of very serious donbt, because thoy have no constituency and no principles to make a constituency. There aro already two grent parties in the country, the Demacratio and the Republican, which absorb in their memborship all the people of this conniry, oxcept some little fanatical factions, and Banxs of Boston, and Laxan of Mississippi, and the handful of politicians who are going up with them in the *Nation. al Union” balloon, They have a committes, a platform, and candidates, but theso do not ake o party, unless they are cemented to- gether, and this takes time. Partics aro not born spasmodically. They are the growth of years, and are based upon vital principles which esadallizo into convictions only after long discussions and repeated tests. The Banks-Layan organization has mno princi- ples worth considering which are not embraced in the platform of the two great parties, and therefore presonts nothing for the people to disouss or adopt which they have not alroady adopted. They present nothing for the consideration of the people excopt the personal ambition of Banks of Boston to be Presidont, and La- aman of Mississippi to bo Vice-President, and as the people of thiscountry have already for many years declined to gratify this am- bition, they will continua to do g0 for many Years to come. THE JURY SYBTEM. The disagrcement of the jury in the recent trial at Brooklyn and the trial of the libel suit agoinst the Springfield Republican before a Judge, without the intervention of a jury, have directed public attention to tho defects in the exiuting jury system. A bill is to bo introduced at tho next scssion of the Legis- lature of New York which, if it bocomes a law, will mako n verdiot rondered by seven furora in a civil suit and nine in o eriminal procecding validl. Tho bare mention of the idea of reform suffices to call up a multitude of proofs of its necessity. A recent notord- ous cnse in this city may serve sa sn oxample. A man was indicted for forgory. ‘Witnoases wers bronght Lora at considerable expense. Hoavy lawyers' feos had to be paid. The time of the Court snd of many witnesses ‘was taken up for weoks, The result of it all wag—nothing. The jury disagreed. The case was put back where it was before, Every cent spent on it had been unproduot- ively consumed. This sort of thing is a matter of common ocousrence, The defacts of the jury system are the re- quirement of tho unsnimous verdiot; the ignorance raquired ; and the opportunities of corrnption of a minority of the jury. ‘Why should # unsnimous verdict be re- quired? Everywhere elso in our politico. social life the majority rules. The jury-box {a the one excaption, The Courts themselves do not carry the principlo any farther, A majority of Judges settloa—in the highest Courts, irrevocably—nll questions of law. I'hiose may affect thousands on thousands of cases, whilo the verdiot affects only one. Yet wa dewand unanimity of many minds in the Iatter and not in the former. Five outof nine Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States declared the Legal-Tender act to be constitutional, A baro wmajority was enough for this momentous judgment, but the unanimous opinion of twelve men is called upon to judge whether BaTu stole & pleco of old brass from Joxxs or only bor- rowed it. ‘The former case involved the whole money medium of the nation; the latter perhaps only ten dollars; but unanimity is required in the latter and not in the former, No dou t it is bad to have even occasional bad verdicts, but it in worse to waste any amount of money snd time in trinla that end in nothing. Bup- pose Wnsrxs had made his argument in the Dartmouth-College case before an averago jury, and a shrewd attornoy on the othor side had Battered the prejudices of an ignorant fool or two, who held out stolidly ogainst the opinion of the majority, An all-important principle of law might not have been settled. Requiring unanimity from a jury is really allowing the minority to rule, Jnl man can dofeat eleven, It {s like roquiring sn unanimodk voto for's Congrossmau, Theminority could checkmate the majority at every eloction, ‘Ths chances of an unanimous verdiot grow loss every year, especially in this nation of self. willed, sccentrlo, and fndependent peaple, Thas jury aystew s Lash becowlug s drag upon i juntice, instend of a preventive of injustice. If we must have an unanimous verdict, why should wo requira stupidity or ignorance in the individual juror, and so take all possible precautions against unnuimity,—that i, agninat gatting any vordict at all? Knowl- odgo is as necessary to corroct jndgment ns orygen ia to combustion. A dozen ignoramuses can decide nothing. Log- jcal argument makes no {mpression upon what they eall their minda. They are cnaught by a vulgar jest, a specions sophism, or spared by some bald flattery of their prejudices in race or religion. ‘The averago juror does not undorstund what he hears. He might as woll have Latin spoken to him, How many juries ara fitted to do- cido on the proper weight of circumstantinl evidoncs, o sift testimony, to rise above prejudioe and got a cloar conception of the truth nceording to the principles of law? The jndicial mind is one of tho rarest things in the world. Yet we oxpect ench of twelve men picked up at random in tho streets to possess it. What folly this is. No juryis fit to decide an important casa involving per- gon or property unless they are intelligont men, nml in many clasaes of cases unless thoy are exports. No jury is so composod. ‘The presont system offors great oppor- tunities for corruption. A man with & cloar caso agoinst himn has only to bribe one juror to escapo justico. Sheriffs or their Bailiffa ean—and do—pnck juries for the sake of political and personal friends, * Political justice " hng becoma a by-word. Opo of the worst evils in American political life is the jnry system, ns it now stands, In non- politienl cases, bribery is freely resorted to. Tho practics poisons justice in all the in- forior courts. There were Justices-of-the- Peaca Courts in this city a year ago—and probably are now—in which tha Constables had a regular tariff of bribos. A “ plaintiff's jury” cost s cortain sum, A * defendant's jury” could be had for s smaller sum, If sither party wos rich, tho charges were higher. Woe shall roturn to this general theme here. after, and vur columns are open for dis- cussion to those who have given this very important subject enlightened thought and reflction. THE NATIONAL BANKS. The National Bank systom is the only ono which has given the publie, since the de- struction of the old Upited Statos Bank, a uniform and relinbla bank-note currency. The value of a National Bank note is alwaya fully equal to that in which the law requires it to ba redesmod. It is always convertible into logal-tonder. None of the 2,076 banke in the United States has ever failed to give greenbacks in exchango for ita bills on de. mand. The United States connot mnke its paper any more valuable than the Nntiona] Bouks moke theirs. And if the legal-tenders were mnde equal to gold or withdrawn, and the banks were therefore required to redcem their bills in constitutional money, they bave the capitsl and the menns with which to do so. Under the old State-Soveroignty system of banking, a **dollar "-note wns ofton passed for 90 conts in one county, 80 in the noxt, 40 or G0 ocrosa the nenrest State line, and wns bought by apeculative brokers some distance farther for 10 cenis! Redemption was a farce, and bankruptey was the result in hundreds and thoussnds of in- atances. These notes wers also largely coun- terfeited. The National Bank notes are not to one-hundredth part tho extont. Here, then, sre certsin substantiol advantsges of tho new system over the old. | ‘What do the National Banks do a3 the fiscal ngonts of the people? Juno 30, 1875, they DLad outstanding loans to the business public of nearly ono thousand millions, They had lent this sum to more than bLalf a millien peruons. The borrowers were from all classcs of the commupity. Tho money was advanced ta huy entton, enm, cattle, pork, wool, lard, ‘butter, cheose, wheat, tobacco, sugar, lum- ‘Der, conl, merchandiso, and a myriad other things, Fundreds of milions were loaned to manufacturers, who bove used it to employ labor. Young men in business, grocers, shopkeepers, retail dealers, have obtain. ed part of thie sum, It has been about the most activo and productive monoy in the country, It has been loaned, used in business, repaid, loaned again, sud soon ad infinitum. Tho increaso in lonns since a year ago bas been $42,414,709, Besides the thousund millions lent to the public, the banks have advanced to the Gov- ernmont, in the purchaso ol its bonds, over $400,000,000, aa the following extract from the official statement of their resources ehowa : U. 8, bonds to secure circulation, $378,137,000 U. 8. bonda to secura deposits 14.130,200 U, 8, bonds on hand, Totalesveresse .$402,02,080 The greater part of these bonds are plodged to secure the redomption of the bank notes, | Thess uro s guarantee of good falth., But they are all in the nature of a loan to the Governmont. The baoks, then, loan the nation, as a whole and as individuals, §1,400,000,000. Whore does this vast sum come from? The following schedulo, aleo official, may serve to show how nearly half the money fa got : Orpital stock paid in, 301,580,853 Surplus fund... . o 138,169,00 Undirided profita 52,180,104 Total, wee 000.3891,697,761 The owners of the banks have thus ad- vanced $700,000,000, or bal? tha sum, The doposits furnish the other half, The figures run g Individnal deposi $088,478,850 United Bistes dop Ng I Tolahoue suossnsoronssessenssensvos MOBINOT0 This raviow shows what & vast convenienca the National Bank system i to the people. Two other guestions remain to be put. The firat is, How nafe is it? The notos are, of courss, absolutely safe, They are secured by United States bonds that are worth $11 for overy 89 of bille lssned. Depositors are socured by the whole resources of the banks, outside the portion of the bonds pledged at Washington that iu required to redeem the bank notes. Such ample securily was never known before in any banking system in the United States, The second question is, What does it cost the people? The oppononts of the system claiin thut it is & tax on industry. It is so far from being s tax that it rellaves industry from taxes. ‘The interest paid on the bonds owned by the banks is no part of the cost of the system, for this wounld have to be paid to the ownere of the bonds whether or not the banks existad. The only coat is for the sala- ries of the clorks employed by the Comp. troller of the Ourrency asd for printing and engraving the notes. The aggregate of this, from the time of the First Nationol Dank law in 18062 to July 1, 1875, waa lesa than §3,750,000. Meauwhile, the banke paid ns~ tional taxes of $U1,870,788.70, ‘They pud 8 wmuch more in B¢ county, and minniolpal taxes. They have thus saved the publis (Le mecesalty of paylug more than £120,000,000, and have coat the public loss tuan $3,7560,000, Banking is now na freo as manufncturing. Any half-dozen persons with tho necoskary capital enn go into it. Thero is no monopoly init. What do the Democratie politicinng who want to destroy this systemn, the growth of twelvo yenrs, propose to put in its place? The State-Sovoreignty plan of banke hns been tried and found wanting. We now lavo a unrform and National Ranking currency. Wonld wo be Beiter off with s return to tho old heterogencous aud local currency under the control of thirty.cight differing State Iaws? What effect would it have on Lusinoss 10 toar up the presont systemn and atart the old wild-cat syatems in its place? Poopla will do well to pause and rofloct. P e ] 4 PRE-NATAL HOMICIDE."” Archbislop Lrnon, the Roman Catholio Prelate of Toronto, has dono a very timely and excellent thing in publicly denonneing the alominable critme of pre-natal homicide, bat ho has dono a very foolish and unwise thing in making n particular applieation of his denunciation, Says Archbishop Lynom : “In the Now Englaud States, an ungodly peoplo ara exterminating themaclvesfrom tha faco of tha earth, and a chaste and God-fenr- ing peoplo are succeeding to their inberit. ance.” By * ungodly” people, the Arch- bishop, of course, means tha descendants of the Puritans, and by **a chnate and God-fear- ing” people, the Roman Cntholies. Inin- stituting this contrast, however, he hag over- thrown his own argnmont, because, it his proposition be trua in one place or time, it must be true in all places and times, and the facta show it is not. If, for instance, his proposition s true so far os some portions of New England {s concerned, then it should bo truo so far o9 France isconcerned. But is it? Lot us cea, France is the first convert and eldest daughiter of the Church of Rome, the chief supporter of the Vatican and all its dogmas, | the mainatay of Ultramontanism in Europe, and without its ympathy and material sup- port overy vestige of connoction between Chuorch and State would be wiped out. France, thercfore, from Archbishop Lyxen's standpoint of religious belief, is a nation of godly people, and yet the crime of pre.natal homicide is carricd there to a doegres un- known in any country of the civilized world, and bos becomo so froquent and so much a mattor of fashion that it has boen reduced to an nctual system. This crime has boen charged to exist in Great Britain to a large extent, and yet tho population of Protestant Great Britain increasea four or five hundred thonsand overy year. That is, the births ex- caed the deaths that many. How much more universal must the practice be in France, where the consus of the last five yeara shows that the population is not only stationary, but is actually falling off at the rato of 100,000 per yoar 1 Returning to Now England, it is undoubt- edly true that the population is checked to a cortain extont by pre-natal homicide, and that is true overywhore, ‘The families of New England are smallor and less numerous than they usedtobe, but other causes must be hold rosponsible besides pre.natal homicide or lack of roligious cbaracter. The women of New England are not as strong, hearty, and robust as their mothers sud grand- mothers were, Bedentary life and want of outdoor sunshine and exorcise have to a largo extent destroyed tho capacity of New England women to produce snd rear large families of childron as their foremothers, who wore strong, hearty, outdoor workers, This is the tondency of life when dovoted to refinement and ease, As fast as any poople increnses in wenlth, culture, and refinement, it quits physical exerciso to a grenter or loas degres, and deteriorntes in its phy. sique and the number of childron decreases. In Great Britain, whero there is an abun. dance of wealth, and rofinement, and leisure, an exception may be found. 'Thore children increase, and large families abound among the wenlthy ; but the men and women of that country mny literally bo said to liva out of doors, Thay are famous the world over for taking exercisa, regardless of wind or weather, The Englishwomen are out of doors on overy possible occasion, walking, riding horgeback, working in gardens, and making tours on the Continent or in the Highlands. As a result of this, the noble families, beginning with the Royal family, are very large, If the women of New England would change their present fashion of life, and like the women of Old England take plonty of outdoor exercise, and increaso their physical strength instead of wasting it in indolenco and indoors, tho New England families would incrense proportionately. And this rulo applies with equal truth and force aliko to godly and ungadly people. Child-bearing is not & matter of ruligion, but purely dependent upon physical atamina and strength of constitution, When the % Ohaste and God-fearing” Ro- mon Oatholics take the place of the presont ‘‘ungodly” Puritan stock in New England, if thoy, like the French, fall to take physical exercise and lead alife of ale. gant indolence, thon they will have small fnmilies, and population will decrease, Leav- ing pro-natal homicide ont of sight, this rule applies also among the '*godly " people of France, They take no physical exercise, ex- copt of the very lightest description. They have no athletic games involving strength of muscle, Their trades are confined malnly to fancy work, which can be done indoors. Thelr farmers farm small patches of ground,—mere play in comparison with the work done by our Westorn farmers. They avold all sovere bodily exertion, walk but lit- tle, ride on horseback still loss, and do noth- ing that lnvolves mctive, strong, outdoor effort, This is tho true secret of a dwindling population, and when combined with pre. uatal homiclde, as it is praoticed in godly, Ultrsmontane France, suffislently accounts for the fact that the population of that coun. try is decrensing #o rapidly every year. The application of Archbishop Lwwon's propoaition therefore shows that he has made a vary sorious error, and that he has at least been very silly iu allowing his sectarian ani- mositics and prejudices to run away with him &0 far as to charge this infamous crime upon a people who hiappen to be of a different form of religious belief from bimself, Comparing France with {ts “shaste and God-fearing” people with New England with its *‘ungod. ly * people, Archbishop Lynon's argument is in the nature of & boomerang, which has rc. turned and seriously injured the sender, A newa item from New York gives a chear- ing sign of the times. The savings banks of that Btate ave remarkably prosperons. Dur- ing ths siz monthu ending July 1, they have geined over $12,000,000 in deposita. There could scascaly be & surer proot of the pros- perity of the working classes, The Now York savings banks pow have an aggrogate deposd) of QULG,0U5,017. Applylng the familiar rulo that svery 81,000 on deposit in such A bank when loaned representa the omployment of ono person for n yonr, wo find that the working classes of the Empire Htato have, by loan. ing money through the savings banks to manufocturers, shop-keopers, ete., provided employment for over a quarter of o million ot working people, mon and women, There is another side to this question. The ** money " now on depoyit in theso banks is worth about 88 cents on the dollar. The Republican party proposes to follow out a policy that hns given them this value, and will finally maka them worth 100 centa on the dollar. The Demo- cratic party—seo its piatform in Ohio—pro- poses to issue onough irredeomnble serip to dopreciato the currency to porhaps half or quarter of that valuo. If {t succeods, it will rob the working people of Now York State of tons of wiliions, F An interview hetween a Toinone reporter and Ald. Firzoenrarp, of the Third Ward, published this morning, will atrengthen the very goneral {mpression in the minds of the people of Chiongo that tho Wabnsh Avonue Railway ordinance was passed by the Com. mon Council at a considernble expanse to the Company which received the franchise. Bribery was strongly suspected, and the fact that the Grand Jury failed to get to tho bat- tom of the matter did not quiet suspicion. Ald, Frrzarearp, who was mnarked on theliat ns ono of tho **six or eight” Aldermon who ** could not be bonght " (only six or eight out of forty1) and who has gained an enviable reputo a8 tha dogged opponent of all jobs and stoals, throws new light upon the sub- ject of the Wabnsh avenue ordinance, Heo is anthorsity for the statomont that.twonty-six Aldermen were bought outright, and that the franchise was given to the Company which woa willing {o pry in advance. Tho Alder- man of the Third Ward was offered for his voto the sums of 81,000 and $1,600 respect- ively by tho representatives of the rival com- panies, tho first offer coming from n brother Alderman and present member of the Coun. cil, ond the second from an agont selocted for that purposa. Tho name of tho Alderman who offerad the bribe of $1,000 {s withheld, but it is probable that if sum- moned befors the Grand Jury and prossed on the poict Ald. Frrzograrp would disclosa the namo and other interesting facts s well. The matter ghould be stirred up. It is de. sirable that mors should be developed con- cerning the $30,000 which the uneuccessful Company was willing to pay, and which, there is every reason to believe, the success- ful Company did pa Apropos of the prosgnt revolt of Bosnia and Herzegovina against Turkoy, and the by no means impossible event that the other Sclavonio provinces may yet tako the field againat the Bultan, the New York World has compiled some valuable information touching the military strongth of Sclavonic Turkey, which embraces those provinces north of the Balkan Mountains, The principal of these are Montenegroonthe Adriatic, Sorvia on the Save, and Roamanin, which controls the out- lota of the Danube. Montenegro, although a very diminutive province in ares, can put into the flold, besides the rogular paid guards of tho Prince, two rogular bolies of troops 800 strong, a registered militin of eight bat- talions numbering 4,800 men; and the landsturm of 16,000 men, for whom the Government has arms, Bervia hos a very complete military organization, and csn pat in the fleld 92,300 men belong- ing to the first dan, with 192 guns; and of the second dan 40,020 more mon, in eight brigades of infantry and thirteon squadrons of horge, armed with tha Grnouwer muzzle. londers. Roumania has romodeled its army upon the Gorman fashion. The permanent army consists of 45,130 men, armed with the Prussian gun and Kavep ateel canuon. The reserve consista of 89,870 men, giving an offective militory force of 135,000 men, while the principality has military stores and arma sufficiont to equip double this number of men. The total ghows that these 8clavouia provinces can put into the fleld against Tur. key 201,720 men, in addition to the forces of Herzegovina and Boania slready in re. volt. y theatrleal war in New York is imminent, Mr, Bauny SULLIVAN bas boen introduced to tho people of the metropotia na ‘*the groatest living tragodian,” and his ade mirers have tade arrangementa on a large scals for bis appearance as Hamlel with & view to s tablishing his reputation above that of all goo- tomporsry rivals, This iutontion is palpable enough, but it Is not quite agreeabls to the friends of Mr. E. L, Davenronr, who propose todo as much for bim =4 the aupporters of BurLivax will do for thelr chief, It is rumored that tne mulitary escort to SuLrivan will be counterpoisad by s military raception to DavEN- ronrt, and that all honors paid to the oue will be meted out ia equal proportlon to the other, Boruivax {a an f[riehman, and Fe is to bo escorted by an Irish regiment, Dave EZNPORT I8 an Amerioan, snd an American regi- ment will wait upon him, It fa furthor an- oouuced that Davexeont will ba aupported ex- clualvely by Americaus, These preparations on both sides will mirike the public, ws fancy, a8 ad partaking more of tho showman's of any patriotio feellng, It is to be t nothlog serfoma will result from the ¢ no bad blood will be angendared ; that & repetition of the Funnxer-Bacaxapy riots ia not among ihe posaibllities. If aovthtog of tbat kind ooours, $he principal actors in the mat- tee will ba contidered not only foollsh but erlme inaly and they ought to be deait with, if not by the lawn, at lesst by publio opluion, as offanders enuslly sgaivst common sense and common de- ceuay. The ladle eatined Lo meot some new and Yigorous opponents to their presant pull-back fastfon of drous in the ministers, Two of them bave already blown vigorous blasts agalnst the fmpsoprioties of the faahion, one of them assert- ing that it produces sensual suggestions, The other spproaches thesubjoot ss it be wora walk- ing on eggu: ** With unfergoed and fneffable re- spect, in tender reverence, we say Lo our fair readers this fashion ls essentially iudelicate, bowever modified and rostrained, and is often groesly indecent., It they doubt, let them mak husbands, fathers, eldor Lrothers, fors thought~ ful and candid opinion.” There are two very toucbiog faots connectod with this ministerial reproot s Firat, that s minister ahould supposs sny woman would cousuls with her father or sbaud about the fsahion of her dress; and, second, that the ministera have moticed ths “puli-baok ™ st all. B Vox Morrxx {s credited with some remerksble utterances In regsrd to the Americau svstem of traialog up officers. He le represented as say- 1og that the late War in America was prolonged by the apirit of caste which bad grown up i con. neotipn with West Powt, sud which bad forbid- den suy but graduaies of that fustitution to aspire to the supreme command, In conse~ gquence of this state of stfelrs, sccording to Vou Mowrxs, the American War develaped no tesder of transosndsnt genius; the talent of civilians was not sllowed » chaoge to work out and up from the mass of the army. These strictures may or may uot b originated with Vox Moryxe; thoey read very much like the wurmure lugs of & diaappolaied volusises, Bo faxsa thay yoor,—~* ateady effort 0 bring the apply at all to the military. syatom of Amap, thoy are lavolad al tho verv oxintonca of Wy Toint, and tend to the conclusion that ax, Tor tho purposs o tiaining up mlitary in & deluatotr and & snaro. ——— The vacht-raca at Gonava Lats, to acone n Aaturday. promines to bo nat ouly & very w, vantested race, but to carry a very large numy of visitoru to the fake from Chionga. Tha yacy contest for the Bueridan prize, & milver eng ’ About » dozen eutrios are roported, and simay tho yachtemon are making unhoard-ol oxortioyy to mecure the coveted raward, which is now m; Ly Juriaw 8, Rumazy. Gon, DUCAT has two rochite on the lake, one equipned tor ght apg tho other for heavy waathor, white aqual anxig bon boon displaved by o.hor marivers, T, courso 18 12 miles in longth, sod will Lo Ralled fy sight of the villnge, Visitors who cannot leary Chicago to-morrow night can take tho 0 a'cloek fast train Balurdsy moruing, ace tho race, (Y] leaye at 4 o’clook, arriving tn the city st 7, R e The marriage of & notorious woman knowp 3y Mru. A, C. Warrivarorp to & Livuteuaut in thg army, son of a Chicago clargymen, ing Provokey a good deal of rude criticism upon tho Womang but nobody has vet thought it worth tha whily ta fuquira into tho cliaractar of tho maa, A fq) Iuventigatiou of the facta may how that the wey. ding wag a cano of d:amond out dismoud ; sud thy while the man suopoeod the womau to be & lovaly snd accomp:fshod hoirens, the womsa aleyeip., f poaod the man to bo a porson of great expoeta. tlons. Ifsuch shonld bo tlo cans, thore wonl] be no neod of axpending Bympatly upan sithy party to the curioua nuptisls. Evorybody why bas read ** Oar Muiual Friend"” will romonby ' how Mr. and Mre. Altred Lammls wore boty csught in matrimonial trap of each o:hery sotting. Suoh accidonts aro ozourring ovary day, e gl S Arizona does not want any more greenbacky, It sighs for tho stablo curreucy of ite neighibi. iog Btates, and 18 trying to resume the practics of doing businoss on w gold badis, Tinm must yy aad news for the infiationists, The party shon'q sond Pig-Irou Keuier down thore o prasch the gospel of infation. The Torritory producsy say quantity of uago-brush and grasshoppen, 3 Why not mauo the sago-brush logal-tondors, s (- torconverlible with grasshoppers, As osch of '] the latier produces at feast 305 vounz every K- year, this arrangemant would exwotly meet the f views of W. D. K. Of courso it would maky evorybody rich. BSage-brush is more substsnify] than paper, and grasshoppers circulato with mory rapidity than the 3.05 bonds would. An Improvement in fournslism in any part of the country is atmost slways an (ndication of im. provement in the condition of the peuple thers. shouts, Wa thorefore notico with plensure tne progrosa of the Atlaota (Ga.) Heraid towadss bigher atsndard, and tho ovidences it givesof pojular approciation. DBetwoon Baltimors and Now Orieana thero is not & paper to be compared to the Herald fo onterprise, editorial abiity, sud typograpblcal appeatanco. It has recently changed from s folio to & quarto form, and jrome ises fa the futuro to bo to tho Soutts Atiantls States what—to quote it own word ) Courier-Journal Ia to the Nouthwest, ths St Louis Republican to tha West, Tz Cioaos Tninuns to tho Northwest, aud the Spiloyfaly ZRepublican to New Evgland.,” Katx F1eLp asys ** Lady Fraxgois hos ottt gone to joln har huabaud in the regions that ary not Aratie.” KAt may posscss unousasl infare mation as to the chmaie of the spheros beyond this one, but tho consignment of these dovoied souls to Tophet is & liberty which sla saould ‘pause bofora tak'ng, a¢ it holds ont no encoon agemont to well-doing. Think of the eftect on toe Snuday-schools were it publicly announesd that faithful wives and loyal husvand. wek lu Llazes | The Seventh Tlliaola Cavslry will hold its frd rounion at Bushnall, Sont. 10 and 17, and con dislly Invites all Unlon soldiers in genoral. aus the Hixth Ilivois, Socoud Iowa, mod Seveill Kansas Rogimonts it particular, to fosst atit table snd male merry, The Hon, Sueter ML Curron, of Bpriogfield, and Gons. Gniznsis’ and Harouw are announced as spoakors, A yory lasge attondauce is deairod. Jobn Bull {8 now dotermined to have ths Amorican rallroad-oar, Qentlaman who find themuoives looked into a compartment atens with one Iady leap out of the carrisge wialow, and insst upon boing placed boyond auspiclon or tomptation. Col. BAxen may hava a moou- ment after sll. But what combination of crim- inal ciroumstances Is golog to foros the elmpls Amorican baggage-check ayatem down the aate row gullet of our tranasatiantio brother? —— The vaulting ambiticn of tho Coloralo potste: bug haas st lsut c'er-lospad itaelf. mod New Jaraey bas bocome a gomotery, The bug pro- coodod in vast numbera to tho dena of mosquito- dom and travelod eastward to tho Atlantio cosst. It reached the boach, and the rising tido threwit back, pickled In brine, dasd, defenseloas, aod ‘diasgreeablo, Bathoraln New Jersoy now fod the eotire beach covored with the dscomlinests, ‘whosa linea woro cast in such unplensnat places. The * Anti-Treat Boclety” of Olncionatl ey, as avery oo of intoxicatlog hiquide prodicted, given & tremendous atimulus to business fn that | murky eity. Tho members resolved to flve esch other ona dollar for every porson treatel Uafortunately they made an oxesption of busl- noss transactious, and allow each other to pare the way for & bargaln with a drink. And that s why business has awollso af late. The New York nawspapera sra making s grest doal of fuss ovor the proposition of the piopries tors of the New York ZTribune's beer-saloon to bang s porteait of Homaom OagsLEY over thelr bar, This is buncombo, Fonicw URRELETS pleture {n the Lasement beor-saloon of the Trid- une building Is Dot near so anomslous sa Jit Gouwn's factotum in the Tribunes editorisl tawer. —_——— 1t {a not trus that Judge Kerver {nvented the Kexry motor. The only tbing they have io common is that both ssem to be frauds on Lbé publie. —_—— POLITIOAL NOTES, A Pannsylvanls psper suggests thatas mere desoriptive name for the minking fund of that Btata would be the *‘sucken fund.” What oan the New Haven Palladium be thisk- ing of whean it describes the New York Heraldns “friendly " to Gov, Tilden? The Herald 1 sl* most &e fond of the Goversor s ¢ is of b friend and protege, Comptroller Groen. Ex-Posimaster-General Reagan a sald to be one of the Tozss Douocrats who fraukly avo¥ that they are opposed to fres public schools 08 principle. Lat us hope thera are not many o them in the Constitutionsl Conventlon. Mr, Watterson, of the Courier-Journal, deolss that black maa Liave been sbot at the South for voling the Republiosn sicket, **The msu whe ssmunolies. I he knawamnobatter he is 88 igoorsat sz, If ho doss koow betternels & maligosut linr, It intime thinge were calied b7 thelr right usmes, ™ Even the Now York World soen that hedgiog on the ourrancy fssue s not good polior for the Penpaylvaols Domocrats this yesr. It recslld 10 their gecollections what they sald of 1t Iab Goverumend notes b0 par,” “upacio peymenta st the entisst posaible period,* ebe. ‘That wassound talk theny and it is sound and very timely talk now. Ex-Gov. Bigler, of Ponosylvanin, will maked u8d mistake if he gives up his copneotlon with the Centeunisl Expositlon sod makes & Fell for tha ottice of Governor on the Demoorsid tloket. As the New York Heraid puts it: *Go% Bigler would be & much baiter Datnooratio oaz~ didste for even Ligher digaities at the ead (e Gputennial if |5 Lo w suoosas thao it b6 stiould usw throw Away the wosk be Las desd