Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 19, 1875, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATEN OF STTRCIIPTION (FATARLE 1K ADYANCT), Postaze $repnh) at shie Ofecs 10 | Wookly, ¥ 0 | Free capg | Ton cvpta ‘0 8 1.03 .0 Wit o Tarts of & year at the same rate, CANTED—0nA active ngent in each town and village, Bpecinl srrangements made with such, Specimen eojden seut (rao, Toyresent detay and miatakes, bo sure and givo Pant-Ofice niddress in full, ineluding Statenul Conuty, Remfttancet may be malo cither by draft, ex) Post-Oftica order, or in regiatered letiers, at onur risk, TERMA TC CITY ATNCRINFRS, Datly, delivered, Rundag excapted, 25 Daily, deliverod, Bunday inci 3 Address TIE THIBUSE COMPANY, Cornier Madinan atirl Deirhorn.atw,, Chlcago, 1it, TODAYS AMUSEMENTS. MOVICRER'S THEATIE—Madison sfreet, bebween Dearbarn aud State. Eugagement of Ldwin Adusms, * Clancarty,” CHICAGO THEATR! @oiph and Lake, * Tom T JI00LES'S THEATRE—Tandolph atreet, briween Clerk sud Laalle, Engagewent of Joln Dillon, “Eyerybodyw Eriend* gud “Tho Green-Eyed Granger.” ADELPHI THEATRE—Dearhorn slreet, corner Wouroa, * Hand and Ulove,” SOCIETY MFETINGS. WASHINGTON CIAPTER, No. 43, It, A. M.—Tagu- I Convoestivn thia (Friuny) evening, ab T::0, i Vusinesn and wark ou the B, and M, E, Degreea, ling Compnnions cordlally Invited, Dy arler of ™o PN CHAS, J. TROWBRIDGAE, See'y, TION. SIR KNIGHTS . No. 1, K, T., drill every Thu o'clock shmrp, Bir Knighta o ba present. Dy order of the En; RICHARD Ve Chiraga Commands oy evenfing 4t 4 sty Feaentid 10 S, LOUITNOY, o tatu-General. BUSINESS NOTICES DR. Q. LOVATT, T. OF Al PALATR Tlause, Lus sicnred parl tha Cligton Wonse, di= Toclly lopposite, whu he can b coin on il cliroufe dircanca frain 0 10 12 1nd 2 ta G, frev of eharge. No pay until cure: Dr. Q. 1ovatt, o Che Chicagy Tribuae, Thursdsy Morning, Auzust 10, 1875. Qreenbacks, at the New York Gold Fx- change yesterdny, opened at 881, the highest prica of tho day, and closed at 83, tho lowest. From among the large number of nspir- ants to the seat in the United States Senato made vacant by the death of Axpnew Jous- soN, Gov. Ponter has appointed D, M. Key, of East Tennessce. Mr. Key has figured but slightly in either State or nationnl pol- ities, Lut he is spoken of nsnman of fine talent, and one who, though not Slling his predecessor’s place, will worthily represent ‘Tenuesseo in the Scnato. PR G — ‘While Kerrer is preaching the gospel of dishonest money throogh the conntryy it is Just ns well to remember that he preached the gospel of general dishonesty on the tloor of Congress during the Credit Mobilier de- bates. He snid: “ It was not my conscience, but my poverty, that provented " bis taking o bribo of C. M. stock. It is bat natural that the champion of Credit Mobilier should ba thae advocate of {rredeemable inflation. ————— St. Louis grambles beenuse Chicngo is se- Ieeted a8 the Western terminns of the fast mail-train service. And all the satisfaction sho gets is o reminder from the Tost-Office Departinent that children must not expect to enjoy the privileges of grown peaple, and that a city which handles but about one- tenth tho amount of mail matter received nnd distributed in Chieago should be content to tnko n back seat. Instend of grumbling, St. Lonis hns cause tn bo thankful that sho is ‘within ton hours' ride of o truly great metrop- olis, The plot thickens in Eastern Earope, and every liour brings news of a fresh uprising. Thus far tho Turkish authorities have shown but little activity in sending troops to the distorbed distriets, and it is reported that thoso sent forward for servico in Bosnin bave refused to proceed, fearing to encounter iho Provincials in the mountain passes. The nows also comes that 16,000 Dalmntians Aarorendy to join in the fray, and that an army of Servians are on the way to reinforeo the Herzegovinians, who have thus far more than leld their own agninst the Turkish troops, and aro visiting tho despotic rulers with fire and sword, The folly of exorhitant froight tariffs s shown ih the experienco of the Hultimore produce-denlers who attemptod to disposo of their cuormous supply of peaches by ship- ments to Cincinnati nud Chicago. Thoe railway charges wero at tho rate of 96 conts per Lox, and, us the shipments made proved to bo unprofitablo on this account, tho dealers have wmutually agreed to ship no fruit Westward, The policy of extortion adopted by the railronds bas suppressed tho trade altogether, though the West wonld gladly take the murplus peachos nt n price which would pay both shippors and railronds, it the latter's terms were within rerson, As the case stands, thero is a double loss—of the ploasure and health of eatiug tho peackes, and of the profit in ca g them, The Napoleonic Governor of llinofs {s ro- ported to hiave spent yesterday in poring and pondering over the tomes of ennctinents which legislato riots, intimidation, aud cou- Bpiracy out of existonce. As a result of this wasterly but cautions advance upou the out- works of the Franklin, Willinmson, aud Jackson County miscreants, he discovers that thero is no statute against wearing n mask at night, aud that, arjal, Ku-Kluxism in this Btate, if not commenable upon high moral grounds, is ot least not penal according to the laws Gubernatorially expounded by Joux J. Bevenmoz. Meanwhile, two brave men In Franklin Conuty—snch as Witlismson and Jockson eannot boast—have with powder and ball struck more terror to the souls of tho nefarious gang than could the substance of 10,000 statute-expounding Governors, Per- haps it His Excellency wero to tackle the story of Posrry und tho pirates first, it would give him a nerve cqual to this bodeful Egyptian emergency. ‘The Chicago produce warkets were gener- ally stronger yesterday. Mess pork was niore sctive, and 30@%0c per brl higher, closing ot $21.20 cash, and $21,12§ for October, Lard ‘was quiet and unchanged, closing ut §$13.50 Per 100 lbs cash, and $13.45 for October, Meats were quiet and a shads ensler, at 8}@ 8jo for ghoulders, 12}e for short ribs, and 12{c for short clears. Highwines were quict and stesdy, st §1.19} per gallon, Luke freighta were dull and unchanged at 20 for corn to Buffalo, Flour was quiet and un- chsnged, Wheat was active, and jo highor, closing at §1.19} for Auguat and §1.17} for Baptember. Corn was astive, snd closed o highar, st 080 cash and 8]0 for Beptomber, Oats were in good demnand, and 1o higher, fember. Ryo was quict and firmier at K¢, Tarley wrs i} modernte request and fivmer, i cloning tame at $1.07 for Septe were active and fivm, selling at %7, g Caltle were active and steadier, with sales chiclly at £2.606 1,75, Sleep were nnchang. al. One hundred dollars in goll would buy £113.87} in greenbaeks at the close, —— Tho Cammission appointed to vindicate the Interior Department in particular and all In. «dian Agents in general hava departed from the line contemplated in their appointment, They have netunily discavered romething which snstaing Prof. Marsu's charges, They found that the fine, fat stcers which the eon. tractors returned at 1,000 and 1,200 pounds ench shrink badly under tho process of ine vestigation, and pan out at the rate of 200 and 300 pounds. Tho way they nrrived at this conclusion was ingenions, and shows that thero s a disposition to exposa Irouds, They measured tho hides of slanghtered ani. mals furnished at the Agency, aud easily ascertained that undersized eattlo had been charged up ol oversized weights, They also discovered that the contractors had put inferior qunlities of sugar, coffce, and to- baeeo, aud that the army in the snma region is supplied with beef of n Letter quality und at o lower rate than the Indian Bureau. Now, will the Commission pleaso keop right on and tell why and wherefore these things are ? NULLIFYING THE AMENDED TAX-LAW, The Attorney-General of this State has eu nn opinion to the State Board of tion which promises to bo a rich harvest for thoe legal profession. If the State Lioard shall nct an it, it i fo 1o sny there will be at least 5,000 suits instituted, and at the end the State will lase the doublo tax it secks to get, Tho facts leading up to thiy amendnent may be thas stated : The Stnto Revenue law of 1872 provided that, in addition to the tax on all the tangible property—roal and personsl—of every indi- vidual and corporation in tho State, the State Bonrd should have the exclusive authority to assess and value, for tnxation, tho eapital stock, eredits, and franchises of all corpora- tions of all compnnies created under the laws of this State. For their government in making this nssessment the Board was authorized to make rules and regulations, which rules were to have tho snme force as taw. Under this nct the State Board has, sinco the date of tho lnw, nssessed nnd valued for taxation the capital stock of railronds and other corporations upon the following plan: The A fi, Compny: Valuo of tanglble property. Equ Value of caplta] stock, Amount of debts. .. Valus of wtoek and franchlse. Deduct tangible jropes Value of stock over tsngible property...... £100,000 Tho cowpany would therefore be taxed first upon its actual property, and second upon the excess in valne of its capital stock and debts over and above its property, paying tax in all upon £200,000. The Supreme Conrt of Tilinois, upon appeal, affirmed tho legality of this monstrous mode of assess- ment, bolding that it was lawful to add thoe indebteduess to the value of the stock, on the nssumplion that the debt represonted prop- erty. ‘This law, as it was enacted in 1872, and as it stood wntil July 1, 1875, included all corporations (except bauks, which were pro- vided for otherwise) created under general and special Inwa of this State. Its oppressive workings may bo illustrated Dy taking tho cago of a firm of flve persons doing business under the name of JoNes & Co., aud a corpo- ration consisting of fivo persons doing the snme business under the title of the Byrrn Manufncturing Company. Assuming {hnt each had $100,000 eash iuvested in buildings, TIIE CILCAGU WKRIBUNG: THUKSDAY, over, that thorae it dangoer that if one clnss of corporationd be exempted from taxation on capital slock and franchises in addition to theiv actual property, all new corpora. tions will claimthe samo rights, on the ground that the State canonly tax *“cor- porations owning or using franchises and privileges in sich manner as it shall, from time to time, dircet by general lnw, uuiforin ns to the clasa upan which it operates,” To avoid such n result, the Atorney-General has written n corkserew opinion declaring that an amendment made Ly the last Iegisiature does not chiango the law in avy respect! He Buys: Tho amendment in queation aimply declares, with & greater emphanln, tho principle bofore contatned in the taw, and which {s equally applicslle ta all clasnes of property, viz. ¢ that thiere shall be no unfavorabie dis- machinery, and materinls, and that each owed %50,000, the nssessments of the two concerns for taxation wauld thus compare: 1. Joxes & Co, would be assesse On resl estate.... O peisanal proper Amount to bo tazed,,,,. Rate of tax, 20 millE.cuvranse conerrronnnn veer$ 1,000 2. Tho SBsurn Manufacturing Company wonld be assessed after the following fashion: Real ertato.uan.. Torvousl propert Amount of plant. Capital ntock. . Atnount of daf Capltal ntock and dobts, veureer, Excens of capital stock, ole,, over tangible DEODEHY . vesvararesere 8150 Valuo of tangibio property. Amount to be tazed,, Tax of 20 mills, . o Hero is & caso, and it is a common one, whera tho corporation ofning and lolding precisely tho snme amount of property asn privato firm engagod in tho same business is taxed thercon jfirg times the amount that it would haye been taxed had it not been doing business under a corporate namo. Tho result of this discrimination against corporations wos digastrous, It made a combination of eapital for the purpose of engaging in moanu- factures or in any other productive industry a crima to bo punished by excessivo taxation, ‘Thin waa the moro extrnordinary because in this State an act of incorporation creates no monopoly, and gives no privileges not equal- ly open to nuy person who will gecept them. ‘The wholo volue of a charter Is u mere mattor of bookkeoping, in which tho interests of the ownens avo easily held and transferred, and the death of a partner does not terminate the partnership. 'Thoro was such aa earnest and woueryl proteat from wll parts of the State that tho lnst Legislatnre amonded the Rave- nus law Ly ndding to the seotion authorizing the Blate Bonrd to assess the capital atock, ote., of corporations the following proviso : Proviled, further, Tuat in sevesslng companles and sasoclutions orgsuizul for purely matufacturing pur- poses, of or the yriuting or for tho publlsbing of uewspapens, o for the finproviug sud Lrooding of #tock, tho asscssment wball be no. made that such come ponlos aud assoclations w organized shall enty b as srasedd ae individuale under tike eircumatunces would be assesaed, and tia more, aud wuck cunpanies snd sssocl- atlons shall be allowed o duluction ox are al- lawed to individuals, (Laws uf 1638, . 35.) The mesning and intent of this section ars self-evident, It was intended to dircet tho Stata Board in aasessing corporations or. gonized for manufacturing purposes that they should be nssessed just as if they were private firms or individuals. They were to bo axsessed os individuals, not on their capi- tal stoek, or franchise, or debts, but upon the valug of the sctual property held by them, snd “no more.” 'The provise was thoroughly understood in both Houses of the Logislature at the tima as exempting the corporations of tho classed named from all oxtra taxation, cxeept such taxation as would be conferred on individunls, that is, upon thelr tangiblo propoerty,” . « It baa boen discoverea at Springfleld, how. ctiminatlon sgalust auch corporationn in the ancas. ment of thelr property for taxatlon, Nelther tho fet- ternor o apiet of e amoendment deprives tho iuard of the pawer to_ fncludo tho value of thn fran- chires of much corporationa tn your asscasmients, Tho Biaterequires every perron owning or taing s frans chilne grauted by any law of this Biate to lint the Rame for taxation at ftn vatue, fu addition to his olhor prop- erty (Rtevenno Statutes, prga 804, Boe. 34), 1t may ba very dificult in many instancos 0 Nnd tbe vaine of feanchines granted by tho State, eltherto yorsus ot corporations, Nevortholoas, the law han Imposed tho duty on your Howrd, and by tho Amemded nef wnder consideration tho Legislaturo has secn 01 Lo oxpronsly eujow upon you tuat fn the oxorcio of much power yoit ara nnt Lo dlscriminato ngatnst such companien or axpociations, bt to assess thew &t tho samo Fates as individuns would Lo asscened who appesr to own ad Crntihires of equal value, 1t {s perhaps y ta add that tha principle of this amends 4 tho faundstion of our Hovenue laws, aud wequnity applicablo (o aud rhould govern your ae- tona in the saserament of ull clanses uf property, ro- gardlesa of tho Guestion of vwnership, This is precisely the opinion which the State Board wanted to enable them to nullify tho amended law made Inst winter, 1t may not be out of place o ask, if the Atlorney- General be right in s interpretation of the law, what teas the nocessity for the law of Inst session 7 And whether the delegations of monufacturers who visited Springfield aud procared its passago understood it as merely “ emphasizing” the odious double taxation system they were sceking to have modified ? Of course, s we have said, this legal advice, if followed Ly the State Board, will lead to innumerable suits; no corporation will pay the iniquitous tax except upon legal compul sion. Tho United States Courts have alrendy on- joined the collevtion of the eapital stock tax on tho railrond corporations; all ether cor. porations which have non.resident stockhold- ors will also appeal to the samo Courts; and 0 plain i3 the proposed violation of the smended lnw that we have no question that the State Courts will in like mnnner nrrest tho collection of such tax, if the same be attempted. THE INSURRECTION IN TURKEY. The disturbance which broke out only o few weeks ngo between the Horzegovininns aud their mastors, the Turks, has risen to tho dimensions of a great and spreading in- surrection with marvelous rapidity. From this little province of 230,000 people rising against oppressive taxation, the insurrection bhas spread into the Province of Crontia on the north and Bosnia on the enst. Buyond these provinces lis Sorvis, Wallachia, Bul- garis, and Moldavia, already partially free, and to the south of Harzegovina is the quasi- neutral Province of Mbntenegro, all these provinces being in active sympathy with Herzegovina, and hating the Turks with the most violent hatred, growing out not only of oppressive taxation, but also of raco, lan- guage, manners, traditions, and religion. Thera is every prospect, therefore, that tho insurrection of Harzegovins will speedily be- como the insurrection of tha northern provinces of ‘Turkoy in Europe, and if it does, this monny the loss of those provinces to Turkoy, aud the ostablishment of a new Siavonie naotion, and if not that, their ab. sorption by Austria and Russia, In view of the gigantic dimensions which this war is likely to assume, a brief historical skotch of the relations of Turkey to those provinees will bo ot intorest. In the soven- teenth contury, war broke out between the Turks under Momasnren IV. and Lezorown I, of Austrin, In the courio of which the vic- torious Turks pushed their woy to the very walls of Vieuna aund laid sioge to the city. ‘The Germnns on the 8ne hand, however, and tho Poles on,the other, under the load of Coarues of Lorraine and Princo Sonreser, ermshed the Tarkish army snd raised the siege. Germany, Poland, Russia, and Vene- tin combined agninst tho Turks, Insurrcc- tions broke ont in all quarters. Disaster fol- lowed disaster, and at last Hungary and Transylvania wero wrested from them pnd they were forced bnok beyond the limits of tho present Austrian Finpire, They mnde their stand upon the River Save nnd tho Car. pathinn Mountaing, the uorthorn boundary- ling of Turkey in Europo, and there they have since maintained themsolves, Horzegoving it- self, whero the present troublooriginated, orig. inally belonged to Croatin. In the fourteenth contury, it wana ceded to Bounis, and was wrested from the latter by Fneoenier XL of Geormany, who disposed of it to one of his family a9 an indopendent Duchy. In the fifteenth contury, the Turke gained posses- siou of it by conquost, and at last they wero coufirmed in its possesaion by tha treaty of Curlowitz, which followod the disasters to tho Turkish arms of which we have spoken abave, T'he canses of the presont revolt are two in number,—the oue direct, the other indircct. The direct causo 18 oppressive taxation ; tho indirect causo 14 the gonoral one of difforence in race and religion; and the insurrection which commienced in one provinco from s local cafo bida fair to develop into a goneral insurrection of all the Blavonic provinces upon the other cause of race and religion Rovolt on questions of taxation in Herze. govina is nothing new. Sinco tho yesr of ceagion, 1669, this province has frequently been in robollion sgainst Moslem rule on this account. The people are confirmed ** tax. fighters,” and every time that the "Purkish tax-gatherer hns prosented his bill the Morzegovinians have proteated, snd with such succoss that they sare indebted for back taxes to the Turkish Government, This year the Sultan’s eubjects in Agia Minor, in. stead of paying taxes, hava beon dying of fawina, and, to supply the deficit, the Sultan levied upon the Iorzegavinlans not only for this year's taxcs, but for the back taxes slso. 'Chis was mora than Herzegovina would bear. ‘Their crops had been unusually bad. They were already suffering from scantiness of food, nud they could only pay tribute with their crops, which might expose them to starvation,—at least to great suffering. They reslsted, and tho Turks attempied to take their subsistenco by forco. Honco the pres- ont josurroction, with which Bosuia and Croatia have made common canse. The dis- patches now intimate. that the war may yot be a roligions one, and this iuvolves the second cause of which wo have spoken, 'T'ha population of Turkoy in Eu. ropo s ostimated ab this time t0 be sbout AUGUST 1Y, 1873, 16,000,000, of whom 12,000,000 are Chris- tinny and 4,000,000 Mahowuanedans, The conntry 18 divided east and wost by the great Talkan range of monntaing, ‘The populntion north thereof numbers more than two-thinls of the wholy, or perhaps 11,000,000, and of tirese not more than 1,000,000 aro Turks, The population south of the Talknns ia protty evenly divided into the threo nationnlities of trecks, Klavoniang, and Turks, ocenpying the territory formetrly known ng Thessaly, Macedonin, and Thrace. The territory north of {he Balkan range which sympathize with the present rovolt are divided into the following Stntes and provinees, with tho cstimated population given in the tablo : Pogudattan, ierzeqarins,, L om0 Montenegra. 00,000 Turkinh C 000,100 Sorvd 0.0 Intgaris. loumanta {Wailaelia and Siulideria), + 4,000.00) Totol eeeee st 100,000 Of whom more than nine millions are Christiansof tha Greek faith, and one million Catholies, and ong hundred thousand Jows. ‘The territory embraead in the above contaius about 110,000 square miles, What are the prospectsof the insurrection- ists? As wo have nlready said, Crontia aud Bosuin have joined Ierzegovina Lefors tho Turks could crush out the revolt in the Iatter provinee, This givos a population of $,400,- 00D in nclive rovolt, and the revolt hasnl- rendy comenced with victories almost as rapidly following ench other as those which nttended the late German invasion of France. At the very outset the Austrian Government, which is not a disinterested spectator of this insurrection, notified the Turks they must crush it out at once, which now looks like condition of interferonce. The Turks made an effort to ernsh it before it could spread, but they fafled. They woro defented with great logs in two or thres ongagements, and alrendy Croatin and Bosnin have taken part, "This it vot all. . The Prince of the quasi-in- dependent provinco of Montenegro has al- rendy announced that he cannot control his snubjects sufliciently to wmaintain noutrality, while Servin nlready hns an army of observa. tion in the field, and both theso provinces are in active sympathy with Herzegovina, Muanwhila the Austrian provinco of Dalmatin, Iying along the Adrintio ta the west of Crontin nnd Herzegovina, is contributing both money and means without any notice of it being taken by Austria, The other prov- inces to tho enst have yet shown no open signs of goinginto the conflict, but ns they aro nlrendy partially freo and hate Mostem rule, and as neither Austrin nor Russin would probably offer any objection, any day mny sco them entering into the war also, An- other very auggestivo feature . of tho conflict is the bearing of Amstrin townrds Turkey. There has long been an estrangement between the two Powers, and thero is the best of feeling between the prov- incen in revolt and Anstrin,—so strong a feel- ing, in fact, that it is stated on good authority they would nat object to boing absorbed by Anstrin, who would thus compensato herself | for ber losses in Italy, which in turn might involve the interminablo and complicated ‘¢ Eastern Question ” as betweon Ausirin and Rusgin, It is by no means certain, thercfore, that the littlo Herzogovinian rovolt agninst paying taxes to the Sultan may not develop into a great war of races and religions, and that very speedily. In anyevent, tho freedom of these provincea or their aunexation to Austrin would be s consummation in the in- terests of civilizntion and stable government. All Christendom will hope for the success of the rovolution and the liberation of the peoplo from the Turkish despotism, RAG3! RAGS! RAGE! The “ITon.” B. F. BurLen and tho * Mon.” Mosza W. Frep—drcades ambo—are the Intest rag.-men in the field. DeNyaxry hns burst out in a letter to the * Legal-Tonder Club ” of New York City, and Moses has {s- sued a flaming invitation to the universe to come to s * Greenback Convention” some- where or othor, and do unutterable things. Wa aro sorry to learn from the former that the *financial policy of the country ” Las de- prived “ over two million working mnon and women” of work during the Iast two yenrs. We would not have belioved this, had any ono less trathful, less relinblg, less honorable in every way, than BeNsaMiy fold us. A few fignres will show how remarkable Lis discov- ery is. Tho 40,000,000 peoplo in the United Btates may be roughly classed as 20,000,000 of rural and £0,000,000 of urban population, None of tho workers nmoeng tha former have lost employment. The farming classes have had plenty of work and stendily prospered. ‘The 2,000,000 of whom BurLer writes must have been drawn fromn tho cities and towns. But theso 2,000,000 activo workers represent, according to tho averago caloulated from the census of 1870, flve timoes as many persons, Tho two million have eight million depend. ent upon them, so that financial mismanngo. ment at Wnashington has rendered 10,000,000 people dependent on charity for o living! ‘This ig just hnlf of the whole urban popula. tion! And this, bo it romembered, is in ad- dition to the porsona who wero ont of work beforo tho panic of 1873, Really, if this thing goes on much longer, a dweller in o city who does any work whatever will be a curiosity, Banxuw will engage him nnd tha ton, twenty, forty million Americans out of work will go to the clrcuu-—ndmiusion, five pounds of 3,65 sorip bonds—to sce the mar. vol. Tho fact of the caso is, that the number of persons in the country who are not capable of work, want work, and can get nothing to do, in consequencs of the panic of 1873, num- ber nearer 200,000 than 250,000, and is cer- tainly not above the latter fignre. They are kept out of work, not by lack of currency, but by lack of o market. Tho currency is over-abundant, Many millions of it are seek- ing remunerativo investment in vain, Any reputnble manufacturer con borrow all the working capital ho really nceds, He doosnot borrow, and #o doca not employ more hands than he needs, simply becsuse he could not soll thaextra goods their labor would produce. America produces more goods than Amer. rica can consume, A high tariff provents our exporting the surplus. It sccumnlates on our hands, and stimulates the foverish specu- Iation that leads to commercial crises, and thrdwae lubor ont of employmont, If the tariff were cut down go that we could export the surplus products of the anvil and the loom ay well as thosa of the plow and the hoe, the new market would spoedily emplay the bands now kopt idle by tbe lgck of a arkot, It Bexaawr's wild—exaggerations, let us say,~twere even approximately truo, what should we do? Just in the nick of time Mosza appears with an angwer, Moazs knows all about it, Omniscienco is no name for it. Mosxa says, in his flamboyant call, that “false and vidous leglalation® ls what's the matters Just so, F. and v, Jeg. islation lias inerensed the tarif and in- flated the curroney, and thus caused the distrese. Curiously enaugh, lowever, Mosrs thinks that a remedy is 1o bo fonnd in further increnso of the tariff and further in- fiation of tho eurrency. It isunusual, to put it mildly, to give a pationt who has poisoned himself a bigger dose of the same poison, but Moses belonga to the now school of politi- enl quacks. Mo is going to repenl the act fixing tho date of specie resmmption threo years anc o half hience 3 replace the Nationnd ok notes with irredeemable legal-tender werip, despite the Coustitution and the Supreme Court ; and raise the whole rovenna of the conntry by menns of a tari@ that will mnko the Chineso Wall blush for its insignifts cant sizo, Any one impolite enough to tell tho truth would inform Moses that incrons. ing the present tarilf would decrease the rovenue obtpined from it, and that it i already w0 far prohibitory that the revenue from soveral lines of goada that used to yield miltions of dollars hns fallen to little or noth. ing. Masrs wants what he ealls *“ labor ” to borrow money at lower rates than the blonted “ money-lenders " will loanit. The **money= lenders” consist of savernl clnsses of people, viz. : the indusirious and frugal people who hinve put their spare earnings into the sav. ingu-banks, the widows and orphans whose aeanty fortunes are held in trust, the capital. ists who loun on mortgage to the men who uge the horrowed money to employ labor, and the great class of business people who de- posit their money in bauks, The rate of in- terest obtnined by all theso classes is fixed by the law of supply and demand. Who is to lend at any lower rales? MovEes says tho Government. ‘This mysterions powor is to print green paper due-bills, eall them moncy, aud then lond them to what Moses calls * ln. bor ™ at rates of intorest that will ount under the savings-banks, other banks, and all lend- crs, But when tho Government goes into this business of printing serip to lond, how. much will such serip be worth ? How long would it be beforo the whole cnrrency of the country would be of the value of Lay, straw, and saw-dust? Every laborer who has money in the savings-bank or in his pocket, would seo its valuo mnolt awny into thin nir, A chattering magpio could talk bettor senso than Mosrs. If sush a bird, Davten Prarr, and n fow lively lunaties from the noarest asylum, could bo socnréd as orators for the Convention, the soclection wonld be recog- nized 88 the most fitling possible. The an- nouncewnont that ex-Senator CaRreNTER, of Wisconsin, will spenak in bohalf of this wild, “Communistio schome is of course unauthor- ized. He doeg not train with KrrLrey, Gon. voy, Buanaxnay, Moses, and magpios. ANTIQUE AMERICANS, A victorious race usually feels a very slight interest in the genenlogy of its victims, Itis not probablo that the Bpartans investigated the ancestry of the Ielots, The defeat and destruction of the successive populations of America has thus aided in the creation of the mystery that hangs over the primitive races, 1t is known that civilization retrograded here, step by step, until the European explorers found the **strange new world that yet was never young " inhabited by mero barbarians. One of the world's puzzles is the originnl set- tlemeut of Amerien. Vortame's suggestion for its golution was that when God was mak- ing flies in Americn, He might as well have made men, too. Tho repetition of this bit of flippant wit during the session of the recent ‘‘ Americon Congress" at Naney, in Lorraine, nearly cost that learned body the support of the Catholic clergy of France. This Congress attracied far more attention abroad than it did here. Its debates and decisions wers of great value. It destroyed rather than constructed, and left its hall littered with the remains of romances, The theory of the Pheonician discovery of America was the first diseussed. Tho ** Digh- ton Rock™ of Massachusetts, which has been supposed to bear a Pheenician inseription, wos dismissod with the statemont, guoted from Francis Panrxyay, that tho characters graven on the rock merely toll the story of a fight between two Indian tribes. An- other curioualy-inscribed atone, found near St. Louis, has imprints like those in the temples of Karnak, in Egypt. This rock, howeser, was but a featherweight in the minds of tho scientists, Thoy registerod a vordiot of “mnot proven” on the Pheenicinn claim, and came near saying something much more decided. Tho story of *Tu-Sang,” which Cuantes G. Lrenaxp has fust elnborated with so mach eare, fared nobetter. Buddhism was relioved from the charge of having inspired the re. ligion of ancient Mexico. The zoology and botany of the fabled land of Fu-Ssug wero shown to be wholly.difforent from these fen- tures of the Paciflc cosst, and the fifth-cen. tury mission of the Buddhist monksof Samar. cand to America was bowed away as a mere romanco, The Norso theory received more rospoct. Tho Icelanders really landed on the (them) vine.clad const of Now England. In the twelfth contury Bishop Erto prenched in somo American town in behaifof the Crosades. His colony forwarded skins as a contribution to partly dofray the exponses of ono of tho expeditions. In 1107, Mr. and Mrs. Anon, Tcelanders, were living somewhere in what is now Maasachusctts and Conneotiout, and had a son born to them. From this son the groat soulptor, Tnorwarnsen, waa descended, Bome queer scattering theories wore broachied, Ono savant hod a little map with o careful and of course perfectly nccurate sketch of the routa of the *‘ien loat tribes™ across Asta and into America. A letter wos road from a Swede in Kansas, who says he can converse with perfoct ease with the Indi. ans of that State, so much alike rro his and their languages. A @rove profecssor siated that tho Esquimaux dances resembled thoso of the Afalays, so that the formor must have come from Asia. It only remaing now to find some tribe which flings itu lega about os Davip did when ho danced on a certain sl emn occaalon, in order to prove the identity of the lost Hebrew tribes and the Western savages. . The next session of the Congress may be held at Philadelphia or Washington, in the summey of 167G, The mournful wails of English holders of forelgn bonds over the bad falth of everybody outside of England has awsked somo natural resentment among nations which have kept thelr financial fame unspotted. One result of this boa beon the unearthing of the forgot. ton fa0t that England herself has been guilty of repudiation, Just sbont 500 years sgo, Epwazp 111 borrowed a large sum of monoy from tho Florentine bankers, the Pzauzzr, The loan was gpent in making war on France, and was never repald, The Prmuzzz wero thus forced to fail, and Florence and the Itallan people in general had a orisls that caused greab suflering,—all tn adovund of e —— England's repudintion. Oneof the munieipal ! dignifaries recontly entertained by the Lord Muyor of London nt tho Intter's 00,000 bunyuet was Signor Prnvzzt, Mayor of Flor enco, and o lipenl descendant of the Iucklers vietimg of Fnwarn 1L Somebady wickedly auggested that ho shonld present. a litdle bitl, during the fenst, for tho original loan, with compound interest, 3 thia should be paid, Prnruzzr could buy up nlt Italy, Some imng- fnative Florontines nctoally think that En. glwnd will py tho principal, now that her at. tention has been enllod to the old debt. They ara wondering what the Mayor will do for his uative city when ho getu this goldon plum, Unfortunntely he will not get it. Repudia. tlon hoa a very dilferent look whon viowed at the distance of five and five hundred yenrs. "Chis is cheering intelligence for cortain Amor- ican States. TFivo centuries hence, whien we— 10, not wo, but the Americansof that fir future, —ara celobrating the sixth contennial, Min. nesotn and Missiusippi and tho rost ean bor. row money at current rates, without paving auything extra on account of the Iack of vonfldence esused by the repudiation of the uninetaenth contury. Tho atatute of limitn- tions will have run agninst it, even in mon's memories, The public are familiar with the facts of the snlo of a railrond aud all its franchises & fow days ngo by order of the United States Court, The sale was for the sum of $1,325,. 000, It may not be ont of place to call public attention to the peculiar way in which our State Board of Equalization grappled with the question of taxing this corporation, —1ihe Rockford, Rock Island & 8t. Louis Tailrond Compnny,—which has been notos riously bankrupt since 1871, In 1873, it wis assessed on £2,146,032 for tangible property, being G0 por cont of the assumed real valug, and assossed on 31,004,486 na tho value of the capital stock, ** over and above ” thavalue of tha tangible property. In 1874, tho valuo of the capital stock and debt (GO por cent) was put down at 31,080,000, and that of tho tangible property (60 per cent) at 1,138,264, At that time the Company had nominal stock 1o tho amount of $6,600,000, snd owed &11,- 000,000, ‘This wholo debt and capital stock hiave now been extinguished, and the tangi. blo property alono remains, yet, according to the State Board, $17,i00,000 of taxable proporty has beon romoved from the State. ‘The proportion of the proceeds of the sale of the road (ita full value) to the debt is about 7 conts on the dollar; that is what the cred- itors will roccivo; snd yot tho Stato Board hos boen adding the value of that debt and of the capital stock to tho value of the prop- erty, and toxing them as something having a value for taxable purposes! In the report of the Common Council meeting on Tuesdny morning au ervor was made in the printing of tho amendment to See. 6 of the polico ordinance. It should have rend as follows : 8§50, 5, Tho employes of ald police force shall of four Captalus of police, twenty Sergeants of police and tho prasent number of patrolmen, uatll in- creaned or decreased by order or ordinance of the City Council, The present Caplafns of police and Ser- geants of police and patrolmen ahall continue to do duty fu such_employmant until chapged by proper authority, Tbo Captaina of police aud Sergoants of police and patrolmen msy be respectively removed aud dinclisrged at any time by the City Marahal, cx by the Genoral Buperintendent of Polco with the con- scat of tho City Marsbal, and sil vacancies mo made 1nay at once bo Blled by apnointment by the City Mar. atil, or by the Goneral Superintendent of Police with the consent of the City Marstl, Al ofiicers aud em- ployes of the police force shall respectivoly take an oath to perform faithfully thoir duties as such, ‘This, as will bo noticed, gives to Marshal Donzar the power of appointment and ro- moval at his own option, nnd provides that Buperintondent Rena can only appoint andre- mova men, whether they be Captains, Sor geants, or patrolmen, with the consent of the Marshal. The amondmont is a very important one, ns it confers upon the Marshal the pow- ers which properly belong to him. Theforca of publio opinion has at last compelled o defl- nition of Marshal DunrAr's duties, 50 that he is no longer merely a figure-head, but bo- couse o responsible officer and the nctunl Lead of the forco. The Illinofs Staats-Zettung, sn {ndependent Ropub- Ucan journal of unuaual ability, makea o Intetesting doclaration of its purposes in Tegard to tha Presf dontial eloction of next year, * Botween GmaxT and ALLEX," rays tho Staals-Zeitung, “'we nre absolutely for Guaxt; but If Orant should havo the presumption to come forward as a Tepublican candidate agatnst a 004 Oppoaition candldato~for examplo, sgainst Tii~ DEN—{hen we ahould say: Detween GraNT apd TiL- DEN wo are abolutely for TILDEN."~New York Sun, The meoning of the Slaats-Zeitung ob- viously Is, that snch ia its abhorrence of *rag- baby ” principles it would even support Gen, Gnant for s third term, in preferenco to aman like Gov, Avrex, who ig the embodi- ment of tho inflation heresy and wild.cat Demooracy in Ohio. On the otler hand, ns botween GpanT and Trznen (who is sound on the curroncy question), the Slaats-Zeitung's hostility to * Third-Termism" is 8o great as to causo it to opposo Gnant, who is a Ropub. lioan, aud support Tizpex, who i8 o Demo- crat. In other words, it regards Third-Term. ism as more objectionnble than Domocracy it on a hard-money platform, but as less objec- tiouable than Democracy on an inflation plat form, * Micawber Kelloy™ s bocoming quite & popu- 187 plirase. Groosbeck Is & hard-money man, and will have nothing to do with the Domocratio party in Ohio. Ho standa with Pugh. Attornoy-Goneral Pisrrepont knows that there is potbing in the Third-Term sosre. He hna fuformstion trom the Prealdeot’s awn lipa, Blatne will earry the Georgia dolegation in the National Republican Couvention ; loaatwisa the Atlanta Herald fa willing to wager s bat against » gold pen that be will, Judge Kelloy {3 & laborfog man and » mechanio Lilmsel? ; and ic {8 & siu sud » uhame to poke fun ot him. Bo says the Springfield (i) Journal, whneh doea ot sgroo with the Judgoe fo bis Anan- oial views, Ex-Gov. Holtman doss not think there is the slightont dasnger of the Domocratlo party becom- ing the parey of InBation. He antioipates grest sgitation sad troubls fram the public-echool question. J. Balla Murtin, of Louisisns, & represontative colored man, fs stumping Oblo for the Repub~ licans. Ho was formerly s Liberal, voting for Greeley, and accopting tha Clucinnatl and Baltte moro plstforms of 1872 Tho Pittefleld (AMasa,) Eagle tells of & directo~ ry cauvassar who stuck Lis head into Benator Dawes’ oflice, the other duy, sud asked, * What busloees is carrisd on bere, sir > Tue Benator; Inokiog up from his law-book, roplieds * Writ~ ing recommendations tor ofica,* and resumed his work, Tho Roformers In Milwaukes ata quite stunnod by the unexpected publication of the Pproceedings at the recent searet meeting, and the Bentinel gives them uno rest. It is well kuown that Taylor Is accapted ss & candidate under pro- teat by all the Railroad Demoarats, of whom the Milwaukoo X#wa ia chief representasive. o Bpringdleld Republioan says: D A R W quits extinet, Mr, George B Pugh, belng sakeg by tho Atate Cammittee and by O B Allen porsan. wily 10 inka the stump, bluntly replies that hel) g Ahem defoain | teat. Aftor Thirn a'a ezpeifsnce, fup il to weak wantd b o (uvn ault, fla (o't g Ty {ntizaten, 1o 34 dlopuated ut T, g bote Convent maket 10w tiutt of the X red e from the mansgement of thn old Whige Repuhlice wun Aa It 1y, thos who Lavo tnsdo thoe bed s hefn 1t Mr. Kimball, Beeretary of tho Winnelnpg Connly Agriculturai Hociery, hng. piblinhog ay nid fress oxplaining bis motives I nviting Sen Davia to deliver the aunual oration. Kisiny thought it wre a grand opportunity to 8.wist in the work of reconaillation. Tin anawor to thg anastion, “Why have vou paesad by Ho ey emlnant men at the Noreh to ivite Joff Dayiy 1o ropliea: Wy ind, pravions to fhe tnei‘ation to e ar-Pray. dent, rent lett: £ of Invitition to G, W, T, Blerra, Gen, Ben famin F. Botler, Houry Ward Beechor, Taog fluru"’nllun. Ruscoe Conkliug, Col, ltohert Inygorani, 1o Jobn Wentwortl, Benator Morton, of (yijs tio Beymour, Gusrgo 11, Pendlo ofl, Clir'e dmaw, “Carl Schurz, and Emery S0Fra all of wham promptiy reaponded, 'expressing thr rege iy for thn ompliinent of the invitatim, b1t theis bune Bess arrugeineuts wera . that by could ot cue vy, Gov, Allen is quite fros with his political pre. dictions ip private converaation, A corresponls ent of tho Now York Timen wiites: The fnancial gua-tion in tho Governor's hobhy, Tn sud outof sensor ho taks Ouance, * This funcid tho grextons fn fhin " contest,” Naya hn; o tuk af il being & miior je well taik of destroylog sll our rafla ro1ds and canls, and_returning ta (o okd-fasbloiel sago-Tonda for ‘our ondy mesus of Intorcoures iny moment us to tulk of FeaumiNg APcls pagmonta with. ont ruiultig the eountry, Tt'nn moro hinitest aqminis. traticn of the Goversineut aud grea'er confiden-e in It wildngnesy and -l»nn{flm‘y-y that we want, und ihen it don't mnlke n -~ bit of differeuce whether v havo any more apecio that 1y necossary of forelgn ore eliange,? Allen oxpects to bo candidnto for Prerldent, and to bo elected. lie In e8id to be & paralyti, and quito ntsoless for most purposcs, But le fs an impenitent and profane old man, whoro rest. less ambition will bo ratistiod with nothing short of the grave, His dofoat this fall may bo his dessts, A After Californin, the noxt Btateto holl an olection Iy Maiue, which will choose s Govornor, hrlt of tho State Bouato, and loeal officera, on Sopt. 19. The Republicsan caudidato for Gov. ernor ia Gon. Selden Connor, who sorved with distinetion in tho Union wrmy, nnd roceived wounds which mado Lim s cripple for life. ke opponent & Gen, Chatles Roberts, who afsa fought tho Contederacy, but whose resignation was banded in and accoprod befora tho crael war wos bolf ozer, 1l was pever wounded, and he rotired whon lile services could ill bo epared. {"onunor {s pure of anelection. In the Fourth Congrossional District, on the aame day with the Btate election, a euccessor will bo chosen to the Iate Mr. Mersoy, momber-oloct. The condidates aro II. M. Plaisted, At tarney-General of the 8late, Tepublio- an, aod J. 0. Madigan, Domocratic, The district {4 largely Ropublican. At thig election algo a serics of constitutional amendmants will bo submitted to the peaple, of which the most important roquiro the subatitution, a8 far as nogeible, of general lawa for special logiulation; provide for the Executive appointment of I'olice and Municipal Judges instead of thelr election by the people; and aim to proveut briberv ab olections by providiug for the exclusion from the right of suffrage for a torm of ten yearsor leen of ail pernone ** convictod of bribory at any elaction, or of voiing uoder tho influenco of & bribe,” PERSONAL. His namo has been changed, and heroafter ha will be kuown as Ull Perkins. ‘The indications of a brifliant religious season this fall are said to Lo favorablo; W. 8. Huglies and H, M. Hodges, of Uncls Sam's navy, aro at the Palmor House. A Iady who has written a book on Japan says Japauesa civilization s & Iraud and the Japanasa aro beasts, Judgo Carpenter and Gon. Gurney, of Santh Carolwa, nrrived at tho Sherman Housa yestor day afierncon. TJay Gonld's baby is at pressnt long on drosses, and short ‘o teoth; and it's a girl, too, ouly 8 months old, Saya an oxchange: * The misery felt by the woman who couldn’t go to the plenio I8 nothivg to that of the one who hau-baen toit.” Ir Bouthorn Rirls aro * rounder than tholr Northorn sistors,” as Qonstance Woodden says, they are not sa likely to maka square wivos. Que of tho Beptomber magazinea hss & poom on * Rainless August,” written in July by s msn who dissounted the probabtlities sud got nul]y‘ loft, 1 Prosident Grant haa shaved his beard off and cut bis hsir. Tho Buffalo Ezpress asys “ib looks lko another atealthy stop towards Cmsars sm." Boveral New York magnates, worth In the ag- gregate 816,000,000, rode to the races in ons omuibus, but tho boys on salaries hirad car~ rlages. That was a littlo bit sad, homansly apeaking, when & Boston chsp, witha cold fn his head, 8ang under hiy swoathesrt's window: * Cub into tho gardod, Bawd.” About the st of Beptember, Beribner, Welford & Armatrong will pubhish “ Nero; an Historl- aal Play,” by W. W. Story. The book will bo publishod simultancously in England, The Philadolpia papors take kindly to the Anggeation that Andrew Johnason's tailor-shop be oxhibited st tho Natlonal Centennial noxd year, with the original slgn-board hanging oub boarlog the words, ** A, Jobnaon, tallor.” ‘Tho reviesd] Iawa of Connecticut provide thay persont who ' refrain from seculsr businese and employment® on the aoventt day of the weok shall not bo prosecuted *for performing secular business and labor " on euch dsy—a Yaokeo ball Hero's consolstion for topors, Just bofore tho start in tho last raco at Barstogs, tho othor day, & quart of whisky wae ponred down the throat of Drigand, and it waa claimed that i wan this atimulant that made him the unexpecied winuer. Bome montha ago sn Oregon man named bl girl baby atior Quoen Victoria, and wrote to the Quoen fo that sffect. Bhe didn't seem tocare & aont, and he changed the child’s name to * Bal”™ and went out and pounded the first Englishmsn ho met. Tho burial of Dr, Thirlwall fa the third thie year within tho walls of Westminator Abbey, the lsat betore it having besn thst of Bir Oharles Lyell, in the month of February, which Wik within & fow dsys after the burls} of Bir W Btorndalo Boonett. Two Connoctiout ladies saved a White Moun- taln stago from being precipitsted down st abyes, tho other day, by blooking the wheels with the rear projeotions of thefr dresses. [t was s horolo saorifice ; but even bustles must g&!e way sometimen. 3r. Boechor had an sudience of 4,000 to 5,000 at the Twin Mouontain House Sundsy, People oame in all Borts of sonveysuces, and from great distances, Tho preschar defended himself from the charge that Lis services mada Babbath-breske ing iv that melghborhood ¢ palatabls and con- sciontlous,” Don Piats haa encountersd the mighty Mallett abroad. The mighty M. is of opinion that \us publio bulldings in Europe do not compars with the gigantio siructores which ho has bullt ia this country. Pistt also met Btacley Matthows of Clnclunat, wha complalng that London xoubd him and aits oo him, Tho defondsota in the famous Guibord csse aro taddled with the ooats of the appeal, amount- ing to £1,070—a pretty vum to pay for not maiu- tainfog & prinoiple. And the body of Guibard must be baried in the churchyard of Nokre Dame Mgntreal, The British Privy Councll will 59 10 ¥ that the judgment is noy evaded. AL A Ay 3 4 Dr, oyen Posudach o Clioags Unsvsriay, o s