Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 31, 1875, Page 4

4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF RCPECHIPTION (PATARLE IN ADTARCE), s Postage Yrenald at thin Ofice. Reubtenteetns, 3.00 Parta of 9 yearal the name rate, Wanreo—One activa agent in each town and village, Bpecial errangomente made with auch, Bpectmen coptea aent free, To prevent delay and mistakes, he wnre and give Poat-Oftice addresa tn full, fneliuding Stata and County. Remittances may bo made elther by draft, exprery, Poat-Ofice ordor, or fn rexistoreit letters, at our rink, TenMe To ctr} nF tiR, Dally, delivered, Sanday excojited, 25 cente per week. Daily, delivered, Bunday included, ‘30 conta per work, Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Mafinon and Dearborn-sts,, Chicago, Il, AMUSEMENTS, ADFLPIL TMEATRE—Dearborn = street, cornet Menroa, “The Ieo-Witch.” Afternoon and evening, NOOLEYS THRATRE—Randoiph street, between Olek snd LaBelio, Engagement of the Union Square Company, “The Two Orphans.” Afternoon end arening. The Chicaga Tribune. July 31, 1875. Saturday Morning, WITH SUPPLEMENT. Greenbncks declined at New York yestor- Gay from 88} to 882, but afterwards recov- sred to tho former figure. Tho English Channel Tunnel Charter bill voceived its final passage yesterday in the British Honso of Lords, A sitnilar bill is pending in the Fronch Assombly, with a good prospect for its passage. It is rathor against the Kerzr motor that no application for a patent has been filed at Washington, and not sa much aan cavent issued. Tho officers of the Patent-Office be- lieve Kzr1y’s motor to bo a humbug. Axpnew Jounson, of Tennessee, Senator and ox-Prosident, anffered a stroke of paral- ysis a week ago last Wednesday, and is now lying at the rosidence of his danghtor in Car- ter County, Tennesuev, in a critical condi- tion. Competition is tho life of trade. The Ponnsylvanin Railroad, jealors of the New York Central's success in securing the light- ning-mail contract, has putin a bid for an- othor 26-hour train to Chicago, this one to loaye New York at 8p. m. ‘Iho proffer has been accepted by tha Government, and thore will be two fast trains instead of ono, ‘While tho Cuban patriots are making good headway in their struggle for indepondence, the Spanish officials ore in a fair way to call down the wrath of England in con- Yoquance of-n serions insult to the British flag. ASpanish gunboat at Porto Rico de- tained an English mail steamer and forced her pommander to doliver up a passenger who was acoused of haying violated tha Spanish laws, The two horns of the dilomma point to the noar futuro when tho patriots shall have gained their freedom and the Spaniards tho punishment their insolence deserves, Secretary Bristowand Commissioner Pratt have perfected a now system of internal-rev- enue stamp cancellation by which they ox- pect to circumvent frauds by distillors and rectiflers, hoy have undoubtedly de- vised o plan much superior to the one now in vogue, but it will bo something now and surprising if the joint shrewdness and ingenuity of the Trensury Department and Internal Revenue Bureau shall sucoced in making tho whisky-tax fraud- proof, However, to have increased the diff. eulties and facilitated the detection of revenue svasion is a considernblo achievement, The Irish contennial of tho birthday of O'Conwex is to bo celebrated as a nationnl festival at Dublin on tho 6th of Augnat. But oven this occasion does not promiso to escape from tho inevitable division of sentimant which ia peculintly Iriah. Wo judge from the protosta made by tho Irish Homo-Rulers that it ie sought to mnko tho celebration a re- Hgious or sectarian ono, instead of a national one. Instead of celobrating the anniversary of tho “Irish Liberator," it is proposed to glorify O'Connetn as a member of a particu. lor Church, Dr, Burr, member for Limorick, the great ‘ Home-Rule” member of Parlia- ment, has not beon invited, because ho is o Protestant, though reproscnting a largo Cath- olic constituency, It is undorstood that Senator Tnunwan is engnged in preparing a great speech to he dolivered to-day at Mansfeld; one which will be 8 surprise to the Ohio Democracy, na ho will come out aquarely for hard money, and sovorely criticiso tho inflation folly per- potrated by the Columbus Convention. ‘Tho rest of the on dit is curious onough. It is that Mr, Tiunman will maintain that tho currency question cuts no fignro in politica at prosont, but should be relogated to indi- vidnal judgment; or, in plain English, that the question now £0 prominontly boforo the people of the United States ia of no conwe- quence, and not worth considering. If thia is tras, it will tronble Mr. Tuvnwan to ox- plain why he should make a mpooch at all, and why the rag-money Democrats of Ohio have made tho finance question the most prominent iusue in thoir campaign. ‘There ia ono class of persons who ought to be particularly anxious that Judgo Fanwrit should give 9 judgment of ouster in tha sharter caso next Monday, and that tho Bapreme Court will sustain him and Judgo Booru, and ovorthrow tho charter on tho proliminary irregularities, ‘These ara the Indicted judges of election and all persona who were actually engaged in tho frauds perpetrated on that “Black Friday” when there wag a pretense of holding an election. ‘Thos scamps have reason to congratulate tuemaslves, for, if it is held that the election was not legally called, and that, as matter of fact, no election was hold, the men who did the repeating and ballot-box stufing will eacape the proscoution which would otherwise have followed. For, if thero was uo election and no election had been called, of courso thero vould have beon no repeating or ballot-box mtufing. Nothing more fortunate could have hs)ppened for this claus of persons, ‘Tha Chicago produce markots were irregu- far yestorday. Mess pork was rather quiet, and 5c per bri lower, closing at $20.45 cash end $20.62) for September, Lard was dull and 100 per 100 Ibs lower, closing at $13.10 cash, and $13.80 for September, Meats wero quiet and unchanged, at Sto for ahouldery, fo for short ribs, and 126 for short clears. Highwined were in moderate demand and steady at $1.17, Lake freights wore dull and easier, at 8c for corn to Buffalo, Flour was more active and ashnde firmer, Whent was in good speculative request, and 8c higher, closing nt $1.19] cash, and $1,18} for Sep- tember. Corn was active, and closed 1o higher, at 70c cash and 72c for September. Onta were active and firmer, but closed tamo nt 62$0 ensh and 420 for August, Ryo was qniet and firm, at 800 bid for August. Barley wos firmer, closing at $1.05 for September. Hogs wero quiet and easier, with the bulk of sales at 87,24@7.8h, - Cattle were in good de- mand, and ruled firm. Sheep wore fairly active at fall prices, ———— Plans for rapid transit in cities pour in upon vs. There are six different ones in the last invoice, One—thnt of Monnts’ “ Open- Girder Depressed Rallroad”—mnay be dis- mirsed without comment, sineo the road is not only subterranean, but it requires an opening 10 feet wide in the centre of the alreet through which it rans, Tho Evans plan contemplates a serics of bridges spring- ing from pier to pier. The piors are to con- sist of cight columns fn the centre of the street,—n fact which is fatal to the scheme. ‘The Eurer ‘ Semi-Aroade Road” seems sim- plo and—for business districts—practicablo, A second-story sidewalk is constructed, onl this forms the rond-bed. Suspension bridges span the intersecting streets, Meyers and Wrpmeven's plan is useless, because it pro- poses to fill the centre of the atreet with col- umns. Bnanpox’s plan is open to the samo objection. So is Wenpr’s. Of these six, Euren'a scems to be the best. Itis not un- worthy of comparison with that of Col. R. P. Moraan, Jr, which we havo already de- seribed. The Chicago organ of rag-money inflation, cheap whisky, and high-tariff, is supported in a large part by the pap which it receives from the present bummer Government in control of the city, It consequently sides with tho ballot-box stuffers on the charter question, and does not hesitate to misrepre- sont the opinion which Judgo Fanwey ren- dered on Thursday in the charter case, Spenking of this decision it says: Tho substance of Indge Fanweut’s decision yester day amounts to thin: Judge Boorn having pro- ‘vionsly ruled upon a part of the question involved, he (Judge Fanwrit) did not focl at Uberty to pass upon matters thus decided, ‘These rulings of Judge Boora wore against the city, and are pormitted to remain in fore, Now the fact is that Judgo Fanwern mado precisely the opposite .statement in his do- cision. Ho said distinctly that, if ho he lieved Judge Booru's previous decision ought to be overruled, he would not hesitate to do it; and, in view of this utteranco, the fact that he did not pass upon the points already made by Judge Boorn is pretty conclusive evidonce that he did not believe that he ought to antagonize them. On tho contrary, the amonded pleas on the part of the Coun- cil furnished him with additional reasons, which he gave, for intimating that he would give a jndgmont of ouster under the charter of 1872, unless the counsel for the city should show him noxt Monday better reasons for not doing so than thoy have produced so for, THE STATE INSPECTION OF GRAIN, A striking case illustrating the iniquity of the Stato system of grain-inspection now in force in Illinois was brought to light yester- day. A merchant in Kansas mado a shipment of wheat to Chicago, amounting to eighteen car-londs, ‘Ten of theso cara he shipped by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, and the othor oight by another route, All tho cars reached Chicago and wero inspected the same day, Tho ten cars brought here ovor the C,, B, & Q Rond were inspected by one subordinate of the State Inspector's office into warehouse as No. 2 wheat, Of the other car-londs, inspected by another subor- dinate, five were inspected ox *' rejected” and three londs were declared “‘ unmerchantable.” Both rejected and unmerchantable are below the grade of No. 8, Here, then, were no less than cight car-loads of whent tumbled into eloyators as unsalable stuff, Now comes the sequel. The owner of this grain, upon being informed of what the State Inspectors hod done with his property, fortified himself with all the requisite proofs, and yeatorday exhibited them on ‘Change. lo showed thant the cighteon cars ware losded on the some day at the same time with wheat taken from the eame bin in the same warehouse. It was all of the same quality and genoral charactor, ‘The differ. enco in the inspection was no ordinary one. ‘Those car-londs which came by one route, and therefore passed under tho oye of one Inspector, was readily passed into warchouse as standard No, 2, ‘The other eight car-londs of the same wheat fell into the hands of another Inspector, who declared it allas bolow No, 3, and classed it as rejected and unmer- chantable. This man's proof of the identity of atl the whent as of ono kind taken at the aame time from the same bin is consid- ered conclusive, It follows that the in- spoction was a mere matter of chance. Had it all been brought by the Chicago, Burling. ton & Quincy Road it would hayo all passed as No, 2; had it all been brought by the othor route it would have been emptiod into warohouse og rejected or unmorchantable, Ta not thiv a sufficient comment upon mak. ing the inspection of grain a part of the politics of tho State? Where is the redress of this merchant? What romedy has ho against this kind of in- spection, which has destroyed over $1,000 worth of his property? Multiply this case by the hundreds which are occurring or are likoly to occur every day, and some idea may be gatkored of the robbery and plunder to which persons shipping grain to this point are subjected by tho Illinois State inspection, For a long timo persons sought to protect themselves by employing experts to watch their grain, and to actually inepoct it after the State inspection, in order that the owner's Property might be protected against the in- competency of tha Inspectors or the injus- tice of the inexorable rules established by the State Board. Mut the State inspection would tolerate nothing of this kind, and every man who attempted to examine the grain and in- spect it for the information of the owner was progocuted by the Chief State Inspector, and tried before the courts for assuming to inspeot grain in Iingis without the authori- ty of the State Board. Wo again suggost that there can hardly be any constitutional authority for such an in- terference by the State of Ilinois with the property of persons of other States sent here to be forwarded to other points ; and the in. jury is so great to individuals, and the de. utruction of the trade of our city so immi. nent, that itis worth the expense and the trouble of baving the question judicially tostod in the United States Courta. As itis, the State of Linois assumes the authority of wcizing every bushel of grain shipped iate this State trom other States, and arbitrarily to place a value thervon, and to dealare by THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, JULY 31, 1875.—TEN PAGES. a | what name it shall be sold in this city, or at what value it shall bo received into ware- house and shipped hence. Inspection under ourlaw does not mean niercly technical grading, it means valuation; and the valua- tion placed upon it by the Inspector becomes arbitrary and final thoreafter, tho grain itself not being capable of being selected and sold by sample or upon its merita after once going into warohouse, THE CUSTOM-HOUSE BUILDING. ‘The certainty of a substantial agreement among the seven Chicago architects ap- pointed to investigate the Custom-House building on the part of the city, and of n ro- port favorablo to tha continuation of the work, will be reccived with unalloyed gratifi- cation by overybody interested in the welfare and progress of Chicago, as well ns cyory- body elaowhore who contributes to the sup- port of the National Government. It is true that this decision will have no official effect on the Washington authoritios, but it will carry with ito much moral forco as in all probability to provent the walls from being torn down. It may, and wo think ought to, induce the Secretary of tho Treasury to modify his determination to suspend opera- tions till after the meeting of Congress, and persuade the President to authorize the im- inediate resumption of work. In weighing the rolative importance of the two opinions that have beon given, one by the Government Commission of enginecra and the other by the Commission of local architects, it must be remembered that tho latter are more competent to judge of this particular caso than any seven men that could bo found anywhere. There aro not sevon other architects in this city whose opinions would be received with as much confidence, and certainly Chicago architeota, be their apecial stndics and experience, are better abla to judge of a local structure than eqnally compotent men who do not live in Chicago. The Government will be forced to start ont, therefore, with the admission that tho seven architects are, aside from every other circumstance, ontitled to apecial consideration. In addition thereto, the Chicago architects sustain their position with demonstrations that appeal to the judg. ment. Thoy have ascertained that the Govern- ment Commission, in making up their tests of the pressure to the square fuot, reckoned from the base of the pier, and not from the area of the concrete which oxtenda beyond tho wall on both sides, This was manifestly an error, since the bed of concrete is the base of the foundation and sustains the pressure, The error hos made n difference of one-half in the computation of the pressure per squaro foot. The Government Commission, reckon- ing upon the narrower space, reported a pressure of six tons per squarefoot, while the actual pressure upon the entire foundation of concrete is found to be from two and a half to threo tons, That is, the maximum of the pressure is only one-half what tho Government Commission has reported. “It hia also beon ascertained that the cracks be- twoen the stones aro closing up, which was the first evidence that they were not caused by tho sinking of the walls, os generally supposed; for, if this had Deen the cause, they would constantly have becomo worse instoad of better. The closing-up of these fissures led to the observa- tion that thoy were really occasioned bya slight elevation of the walls by the frost and not by the sottling of the walls; and, as tho frost has been got out from under the founda- tion, the walls have resumed their original condition. These two circumstances put 5 very diferent phase upon the whole mattor, ‘They do not remove the fact that there have been outrageous errors and defects, but they. do remove the single necessity which has been suggested for razing the presont atruc- ture to the ground and beginning all over again. Tho finding of the Chicago architects is strongly confirmed by various circumstances, The Government Commission reported that the foundations would not sustain a pressure of aix tons per square foot, which may be true; but itis now found that they will not be required to sustain one-half this pressure, gince # plan ig suggested for equalizing tho variation between two and a half and three tons per square foot. That thoy will sustain this amount of pressure is certainly probable from the char- acter of the surrounding buildings, whose foundations bear as groat a weight por square foot and upon the same character of earth, ‘The Chicago Custom-House is to be but 70 or 80 fost in height. Directly opposite, on the corner of Adams and Dearborn, is Hononr’s enormous building of six stories, or fully 100 feet. A little furthor north on Dearborn is another six-story building. On Monroe street, a block away, is the exceptionally high and heavy building of the American Expresa Company. Opposite, on tho Clark strect front, are the Lakeside building and the Pacific Hotel, both six stories or 100 foot high. All those buildings sre considerably higher than the projected Onstom-Honso, and, consequently, bear heavier on it per square foot of their foundations than will the Custom-House, None of them have cracked or shown symptoms of weaknoss or giving way, ‘This is the moat important consideration in the whole mattor. If the foundation is adequate, as the character and reasoning of the Chicago architects would certaloly indi- cate, the other defects can be overcome at comparatively small coat, The discolored and defective stones can be removed and their place supplied. Some of the stones, the surface of which has peeled off, can be put in proper shape by veneering. The porticoes may be tornaway. And, finally, it is believed that the quarry contains sufficiont stone of good quality to complete the build- ing, and that it only needs honest inapection to secure them, It is to be hoped that this report will be received at Washington with the respect and considoration it deserves, and that it may be deemod sufficiently trust. worthy to warrant a rocommencement of work without waiting for Congressional action, ‘The platform of the Maryland Democratio State Convention contains the following clear and emphatio declaration with regard to the ourrenoy question: Resolved, That we protest against any increase of the clroulating ourrenoy, but demand (uat such meas- tures be adopted by Congress es will result in the re: sumption of specie payments ot the earliest possible moment, ‘This resolution, which was adopted with. ont a dissenting voice, is entitled to respect ‘aa coming from one of the oldest and most respectable of the Democratio States; and yet, in the face of thie square, unequivocal enunolation, Tuunman, ALLEN, Prypierom, and Ewnio are canvassing the State of Ohio, laying down inflation and rug-money aa Democratio doctrine, and sosking to make it an issus, Now, one of two things is true: Either Dempootay in ons Btala differs from “ Democracy in other States, or clso ALLEN, Tuunstan, and the other Ohio rag-monoy in- fistionista aro practicing a {fraud upon tho Democratic people of Ohlo by palming off upon them aaa local Isaua a doctrine which thoy know will be repudiated in tho National Convention. THE NEXT SPEAKER. A Washington dispatch, printed in the last igaue of Tha Tnrnunr, sots forth that tho Democratio Congressional wire-pullora have already been at work in tho intoresta of Saw Ranpvatz for tho Speakership of tho next Tlouse, and that they claim as the rosult of correspondence with Democratic members they can count 100 votes out of the total of 176 on the first ballot, They furthermore set forth as the argumenta why he should bo slocted,--althongh if thoy have 100 pledged we do not rea why it is necossary to mako any arguments at all,—that his skill ns a par- linmentarinn bas been tested, especially at the close of the last session, in which he marshalod and led the Democratic members ; that he bas been longer in continuous service than any other member on the Demoeratio side; that he has good judgment and quick. ness of perception in making docisions; that he is sound in wind and limb; that his record is clear in tho matter of subsidies, Inud grants, and jobberies (7); and, lastly, that be bas ‘ progressive and anti-Bourbon opinions in politics, and con servative views on political issuce, With re- gard to his parliamentary skill, we presumo no issuo will be made. His term of service ia of course a matter of record, but we donot regard great longth of term of servico as an indispensable qualification for the Spoaker- ship of the House. He may be sound in wind ond limb, but so ia a pedestrian, or a prize-fighter, or a base-ball battor. The lost qualification we do not cloarly understand. ‘That is we do not understand exactly the condition of a man who has “progressive opinions and conservative viows.” This must mean, if it means anything, that ho holds back as much as he pulls forward, and, consoquently, stands atill oris stuck in the mud, But assuming that all those conditions are essontial, and that Mr. Same Ranpaun sums them all up in himsolf, is this all? Why do hin wire-pullers stop short at this point? Why do they not finish up the list of his qualifications? In con- ducting his affaira, wo aro informed that his managers have very naively and studiously made no allusion to tariff or currency, Thin is rather remarkable, considering the fact that those two subjects are agitating the country more than any other, that they aro made a political issue in Ohio by Fog-Horn Autex, and that the rag-money inflationists and high-tariff grabbers are trying to mnke them national issues for the noxt Presidential campaign. While they wore summing up his qualifications for the Speakership, why did they omit to stato that he is a rag-monoy inflationist, in favor of still further increasing the volumo of shinplasters which can never bo redeemed, and in favor of periling the business interesta of the country ati!l further by compelling merchants and manufacturers to gamble on uncertainties? Why did they omit to state that Sam Ranpauy ia a high- tariff advocate of the Pennsylvania descrip- tion, which is the worst of the class? Why did they omit to state that Sam Ranpauz is a back-pay gobbler and a salary-grabber, that he voted oight times for that dishonest prop- oxition in its various forma, and that he not only took the back pay, but that he never ro- turned it? These aro points of considerable importanco, since the Speaker of the House is looked upon as tho embodiment of the views not only of the party in the House which he leada, but of his party throughout the country, This was tho caso with Bran, Conyax, Banzs, Onn, Henny ‘Crar, in foot with all tho past Speakers, Thoy havo been looked upon as the ropresent- atives, the spokesmen, the very ombodiment of the cardinal principles of the parties which appointed them. This being tho rule, thero- fore, wo may assume that Sam Ranpaxt, as a salary-grabber, a high-tariff robber, and a rag-money inftationist, will represent tho views of tho Democratic party. It is not a very inviting prospect hold out to the Amori. can people this spectaclo of a man embody- ing these viows invested with the loadership of a party, with tho bestowal of political patronage, with the appointment of commit- toos, and the shaping of public policies, FRANK BLAIR AS A REPUBLICAN, Harper's Weekly rocalls an event in the life of the late Faanx P, Buam which had long beon forgotten, but is worthy of preserva tion, Upon referring to the phonographio report of the proceedings of the Republican National Convention which met in Ohicago, May 16, 1860, aa published in Tum Trimune at that time, we find the record of the impor- tant part played by him in uniting the dis- cordant wings or divisions of the Itepublican party, That Convention contained within it a very large conservative element, both Dem. ooratic and Republican, Those men were all opposed to the pro-slavery tendency of tho Democratio party, but s largo majority were opposed to any dircot anti-slavery policy, Novertheleas, as exporience had shown, tho party needed the support of the Abolition or avowodly aggressive antl-slavory sentiment in many States. The organization of the Convention waa conservative, Tho old-line Whigs like Evanrs, of Now York, and the Anti-Nebraska Democrats like Rexp- yn, of Pennsylvania, were strongly opposed to having the Republican party idontified with the Abolitioniste, When the Committee on Resolutions made their report of the platform, there was a strong effort made to have it adopted by acclamation, Mr, Cantrzs, of Ohio, moved the previous ques. tion, Above the noise, and din, and clamor for a vote, the harsh and unpleasant voice of Josnva R. Gropmas was heard, and the Chair (ifr, Asnwun, of Masuachusetts) was reluotantly compelled to recognize him. Tho delegate from Ohio asked to be heard, and to be allowed to present an amendmont to the platform. A wild uproar followed, thore being a disposition to choke Grppixos off, and yet there was a lingering desire to per- «mit “ freo speech,” which was then one of the popular cries of the Republican party. Oantrxs refused to withdraw his demand for the previous question, but, after a wrangle of an hour, the Convention refused to second the demand, and Mr. Gmpnics got the floor. The second resolution of the platform de clared that the maintenance of ‘the principles promulgated in the Declaration of Independ- ence was essential to the preservation of Republican {nstitutions, Mr. Gropmas’ amendment was to substitnte for this the words of the Declaration itself, “That all men are created equal,” etc, He made a short spesch, and was followed by others, It was claimed that the amendment was already oovered by the general affirm. anos of the Declaration of Indopendencs, and that to do more wea to veneat ths Ten Com. mandmonta and all the other sonnd and rightoous doctrine revealed and known to tomen, Even Gov, Axnpnew, of Masanchu- agtts, opposed tho amondment aa unnocoraa- ry. So consorvative was the Convention that the amendmont was rojectod without a divis- fon. Mr. Gropinas and his extreme antl- slavery frionds then startod to leave the wig- wom and withdraw from the Convention. Thoir purpose becoming known, Mr, Ouamis, of New York, endeayorod to restrain them. Ho took the Gipprxca amendment and al- tored it so that, instead of boing a snbatitute for the resolution of tho platform, it would bo incorporated ns part of that resolution. Mr, Curtis got tho floor, and the storm was reproduced when ho offered the amendment. It was some time before order could be ro- stored, and when it was restored the point of order wos mndo that the amendment had alroady been voted on and rejected. After o scone of confusion and excitoment, the Ohair- man sustained the polnt of order. Tho Weekly thon proceeds: During the reading of the platform and the debate upon the amendment of Mr, Gropinas, the member from New York had observed at the ond of the seat opposite hisown upon the also, and but s fow foot from him, « sturdy sandy-haired .man, who sat care- Jeanly awinging one leg and foot ovcr the arm of the seat, and aquirting tobscco-Jjuice upon the floor, ap- parently {udifferent to everything that took place, But sa Mr, Atumun peremptorily ruled, the sandy- heired man bya sudden spring raised himsolf ereet wpon bis feet, standing on tho reat, and with a voice that commanded the Chalr ao that bo instinctively turned and could not help recognizing the apesker, ex- claimed, "Mr, President!” Mr, AanMow responded, “The gentlaman from Missouri.” “I rise tos point of order.” “The gentleman will atate 18.” "My point is that the smendmont of the gentleman from Ob{o was to one clause of tho resolutions, and that of the gentleman from New York to another, and that thequestion, therefore, aa not been decided by the Convention,” ‘The point was indisputable, Bir, Astt- Mum saw it, and sald, coldly, “The gontleman’s point {a well taken, and the gentleman from New York has the floor,” ‘The amendment wos saved. Tho delegates from the slaveholding .States supported it, the fenrs of the conservatives were allayed litte by little, the danger of a division of the Convention by the withdrawal of Grppmos was considered, and the amondmont was finally adopted by the Convention. The “sturdy sandy-haired man," who bad been ‘squirting tobacco- fuice upon the floor,” and who had thus so timely corrected the Chair and compelled the Convention to consider the amendmont, thus preserving the anti-slavery party to the Ite- publicans, was Feanx Bram, of Missouri, who cight yoars after was the Democratic enandidate for Vice-President, and who stumped the country charging that the Re- publican party was aiming to eatablish tho social equality of the nogro in the United States. . THE STORY OF A RUASIAN NEWSPAPER, The oldest newspapor in Russia ceased to appear a few daya ago, It is not dead, but sleeping. It is soon to be revived. Tha cause of the suspension is peculiar. There was no lack of money; the Russian Trensury supplied overy want, There was no lack of readers, The one thing needful was an ed- itor, and lo, Russia could not supply one. ‘The article, so abundant in tho United States, is scarce in the domains of the Czar, And yet we would not advise a mighty host of impeounious Bohemians to migrate boyond seas, Before the vanguard conld reach Bt. Potersburg the demand will probably be supplied, and the St. Petersburg Gazette will again appear, ‘This paper was tho leading liberal journal of Russia a fow months ago. It had a bright future before it and an honorable career behind it, Pzrrn the Groat founded it; and Pavux the Little published in it his amusing proposition to '' mitigate tho evils of war" by roviving the modisval tourna. ment, and having the respoctive sovereigns, attended by thoir Ministers of Foroign Af- faire, fight out any quarrel without putting armies into the field. Had this boon adopted, Narouxzon and the Duo pz Gnammonr would have had small chance in o hand-to-hand fight with Wooxzrm and Bmmancx. The staff of contributors and correspondents was able; the readers were many; and the Gazette made money and public opinion. Unfortunately for its editor, Mr. Bonscn, the opinion he inspired was atrongly liberal. The Government took a hint from the course of tho Central Pacifio Railond towards the Sacramento Union, and “invited” the owner of the Gazetts to sell out. He did so, under protest, Then the whole staff of the paper took a hint from Mr, Anpent Annoi’s course in reaigning tho editorahip of the London Echo aa soon aa the notorious “Baron” Grant bought that paper, and unanimously resigned, Somo Governmont protege triod torun the the Gastis alone, but it is easier for one swallow to make a summer than for one man to make a nowspaper. Ho gave up the task in despair, Nobody can be found who is willing to take his place. 80 we have the anomaly of 8 paper with unlimited capi- tal and plenty of readers which has to sus- pend for lack of editors, Its old propriotor must laugh in his sleeve at the discomfture of his powerful adversary, He got a round price for his paper, has been feasted and flat- tered for his {ndependence, and has become one of the best known and most prominent men in Russia, EDUCATIONAL CHANGES IN FRANOE, Narozron I, made education in France a monopoly, The methods of teaching, tho things taught, tho soleotion of teachers, wero all controlled by the University of Franco, which was also the only body authorized to grant degrees, The Revolution of 1848 abol- ished this system as far aa the lower schools were concerned, but it was roserved for tho Revolution of 1870 to aboliah it, after efforts extending over five years, in the higher grades, ‘The bill for “liberty of superior in- stroction,” just passed by the Assembly by a vote of 805 to 294, ia one of the most im. portant laws enacted since the downfall of the lesser Naporzom. ‘This bill allows any person or persons, lay or eoclesiastio, to open lecture-courses, col- leges, or universities, The question of grant- ing degresa was settled by a compromise, Each of these voluntary institutions isto ap- point half the members of a Commission, the other half of whom will be named by the Minister of Poblio Instruction. This mixed jury will conduct the examinations and vote the diplomas, ‘The debate was marked by some curious revelations of party policy. Dependence upon papa-government has been 60 stamped upon the French mind that every faction, no matter what its nominal principles may bo, opposes any cessation of Stato interference unlesa its own pet hobbies aro to be helped thereby and other people's hobbies hurt, The Extreme Left voted against striking off the shackles of education, because it foared the Catholic Church would at once establish anuber of schools. It will doubtless do 0, in fact, The remedy that would suggest it. self to the American mind would be the ea tablichmaent of mote aad batisr schocld br tho Radicala, but tho latter profer to eit still aud ery for Stato interference, Tho change that haa been consummated will produco a great offect upon France by the lime tho nezt genoration comes upon the stage. Tho higher education of the last thirty yeara haa boen skeptical in its tendon- cles, Tho nominal influence in behalf of orthodoxy oxorted by the State has been in many cases Aabam, and in noarly all cases has led protessora and pupils to despise the creed so feebly championed. It ia largely due to thia fact that the tone of French litern ture ia so thoroughly irreligious, It has infected the whole peoplo,—the wholo city population, that {s, ‘Tho rustics confine thomselvos to producing wealth and voting for the powor that offera the strongent guaranteos of protection to that wealth. ‘Tho new education may make a now Franco in time, One of tho most intersting fentures of the disauesion on the bill, to Americans, is the eulogy, pronounced by the well-known author, M. Lanovtare, upon the Amorican system of instruction, He said that no country did more than ours for education, and that ‘ tho highest dogree of social culture could bo reached here by any one who would study.” “T do not seo,” he continued, ‘ that oduca- tion or study has euffored in America; whon M. Junes Ferny says that literature or phi- losophy has not made great strides thore, he forgets that the country has produced his- torians such as Parsoorr, Bancnorr, and Morzer, aid that many jurista might be named who would everywhere be placed in the first rank, such as Stoxx, the expounder of the Conutitution.” QUESTION AND ANEWER, One Jou MoAutivre writes to the wild-cat organ on the subject of currency-fuctuations ag follows: According to Tax Tamuwe's logic, when gold te quoted at 112 the account should read, Gold at par, rroanbacks 88—~13 below par.” If I remember rightly, juring our late War gold was quoted at 200, Green- backs had reduced io value 100 per cent. Take 100 from 100, and no purchasing value remains (except the . All baa gone, and not anything remains, Agata, gold was quoted at 280." According to ‘Trrnwe’s logic, greenbacks fell below nothing. Al lowing one cent aa the value of & greenback’s paper, the groenback was worth 79 per cent of nothing than nothing, or seventy-tine “ what fa {ta,” ‘Will Tox Tatoure answer this quostion: When gold was quoted at 2u0, ware the nation’s soldiers paid ‘with fees than nothing? On that dark day in July, 1864, whon gold was quoted at 280, the soldiers wero holding « cur- renoy worth but 95%¢ conta on the dollar, becacse it took 280 paper dollars to equal in value 100 realdcllare, But it is very apparent that poor MoAuuirre’s education was sadly neglected, If he had been taught to cipher as far as tho rules of premium and discount in hia arithmetic, he would not thus expose his ignorance, but would know how to compute the valuo of groonbacks in their daily fluctuations, The only way ho can avoid ridicule is to purchase an srithmatic acd attend a night-school a lttlo while. He will there learn that it is only nocesaary to divide the gold quotation into par or 100 cents, and the resulting quotiont will give the frao- tion of ow dollar the greenback is worth. Thus, if gold {s quoted at 112 by the rule stated, greonbacks will be worth 89.20, which moans that they are worth a little over 89 conta on the dollar, or are at discount of nearly 11 per cent on gold valuo. Yesterday gold waa quoted in New York at 11334, which signifies that any one coula buy $1133¢ of groonbacks with @100 in gold. But suppose afman had $100 of greenbacks to sell, how much gold could ho have got forthem? He would not roorlvo par certainly, but would get only thacaum which beara the sama proportion to par that 113}¢ beara to 100, which would bs 83!¢ nearly; hence his greeobacks would only bring $89.38, and, con- soquently, he suffered a loss of $11.62, which waa the discount or deprociation, Tur Trrpunz qaotes gold and greenbacka in two waya,—one for the seller of gotd and the othor for the eoller of greenbacks. Tho frat way gives the number of greenbacks which $100 in gold or real money will purshase, The excess ovor par {a called premium. Tho second way tella how much gold can be had for $100 of greonbacks. The amount subtracted from the face of the greenbacka shows the discount or de- precistion on the latter. Thus, yesterday it raquired $1193¢ of green- backs to exchango for $1001n gold, which means that preenbacks were worth about 883¢ per cent of what their face caliod for. These two ways of yuoting the value of the ourrency is very con- venient to the public, ——-___—_ How many now Doctors of Law and Divinity have we among us? Few persons are In a posi- tion even to guess atthe truth, Tha groat ma- Jority of random estimates aro probably over rather than under the facts, The Now York In- bas compiled a list of 129 degrees of D. D, and seventy-nine degrees of LL. D. oon- ferred by aovonty-nine colleges at their recent commencements. Tho inatitutons from which returns have been received are tho largoat aud wealthiest In tho country, but not the most Jay- iah with honorary degrees. Ono hundred aod forty-six collegoa have not been heard from at ail, and the presumption is that they have dono a brisk business in bestowing honors upon oth- era, of which they bad scarcely enough for home consumption. ‘The Independent noticos that Harvard, Maryville, Northwestern Univorrity, Union, the University of the City of New York, and Willlams go over the water with their favors; that Gov, Gastox, of Massachusetts, gets an LL. D. from Brown and Harvard ; that Coantza O'Conon, of New York City, gote an LL, D. from Dartmonth and Washington & Leo; that the Rey, Jacon 8. Sureman, Lexington, Ky., Biahop- elect of Fond da Lag Wis., gota a D. D, from Necine and Trinity; and that Prof. Ropzar Brawant, of the United Preabyterian Theolog- ical Seminary, Nowburg, N. Y,, {s similarly hon- ored by Washington & Jefferaon and Weatmia- ster. The following Westorn men have been mado Doctors of Divinity: President DeWitt ©. Durgin, of Hittsdale College, Mich. b7 Bates College; 0. D. Heimer, of Ouicsgo, by Beloit dott > Central University of fowa; Issa Crook, of Jackson- ville, I, by Cornell College, Mt, Vernon, Ys. ; "Horatio ‘Burton, of Bandusky, O., by Dartmouth ‘College; EL Uf, Soard, of Polls, ia, by Denison Univoralty, ville, O,f Issac W. Joyes, of LaVayatte, Ind., by inant Galoge Getiate, et Prof, Samadi rcoky lob., by ‘rankla Col somewhere in Indiana; ——— Watson, of Egypt, Ind, by the same institution} Bamuel Coun, of New Albs- By, Ind. by Hanover College: A i. Muhhater, of Franklin, Wis, by Hoeldetberg College, ‘Tin, 0, + 0. F, Mussey, of Blue Rapids, Kon., by. Highland University, Keses: Bishop George DB, dilieapie, of Ann Arbor, Mich., by Hobart College, Geneva, N. ¥.; G. W. Arncid, Kewatieo, IIL, by Ullnuis Wesleyan Uni Yersiyy B: Waney, Winona, Uy by the wamme inatitu- tion; D, Muller, Uovington, Ky., by the same institu. tion? Prof, J.B, Jaques, of Hilnols Wesleyan Univer- aity, by Indiana Ashbury Univeralty ; Preaident George B, dovelyn, of Albion Oallega, M! bury University, J. W, McDonald, of 4 by the same instituilon; President John Bascom, of Wisconain University, by Lows College; N. A. Dood, of Muscating, Ia, by the Tows Siate University; Prof, Tax iD, I, by area College, Lebanco, TU, ; H, A, MoAzeal, of Iowa, by Moumouui College, Ills’ George ¥, Noyes, Branston, Til by the Northwestern University, Evanston, DL? President David H, Moore, of the Wesleyan Fe- ule College, Cincinnatl, by’ Oho Wesleyau. Unires- sity; J.P. 'T, Ingraham, of #t, Louis, by ‘ole j, Willash . Motarou, of Glovaladd, by the saine; Jacob #, Bhipman, of Lexington, Ky,, by the same; f Chicago; Joh of CtacinaatL Uy oy by te sane’ ol ; John Dy cago, by the same; Prof, Chunles Beotts of Hope, Colleges Mich, by the Univeraily of the City of New York; Iiram 0, Liaydu, Of Cleveland, by the University of Wooster; Georas E, Ealb, of Uollefontaing Ou by the atme; Prof. J. W. BtuckenLerg, of Wi teabery College, Spring: ", by the University of Wooster; 0. . Vaughan, Keatucky, by Washingion & Loe Untveruily | President Charles tL, Fowler, uf the Northwestern falvecuty, by ‘Wesleyan University, Mi‘ldlstown, Conn; D, ‘of Gizard, O., by Weatminater Coli Penn. j Arthur Mitchell, fom, Perhaps the most remarkable feature of the above list is the large number of degrees given $0 College Professors and Presidents, Several nf tha Wasletn Cellaxee Béent bo ise aatabliah- ed sroguiar syatem of exohange in this respect, 1 The Wostern Doctors of Laws reported are ay followar ¥, Threshor, of Dayton, O,, Denison Unive Grauvitlo, U.; Col, Tears ik, econ, ‘of Atenta ville, O., ‘by Franklin College, Indiana} Prof, Butler, of Loulaville, f: ‘Hanover Goi): Dobie. op BI Over, Ind, Treealdent'L B, McCabe, of Ohio Weel Han University, rally, Byractse, N.¢5 Blshop Tham Nall, of Tokeks) Kan. ty the Une versity of Kanaae; Prof, Moses Coil Tyler, of Michigan Univeralty, by the University of Woonter; Col. Wil. jam P, Johnston, of Kentucky, by Washington & Le Univeral ras Hoadley, of Ciooinnau, by Weatern ————— ‘Lhe project of a Brnon memorial in Edglang has not been abandoned. The objection of thy poet's descendanta to any public interferency with the tablot tn Hucknall-Torl@rd Church hay Indeed put an ond to the original intention of tho porsone intercated [n thie matter ; but it fay ‘boon resolved, inatoad, to erect 8 statue to thy momory of Braox in some conspicuous place in the Metropolis, This action was decided upon ata public moating held In London on tho 16th inst, Mr. Disranii, as Chairman of the Braoy Fand, presided, and mado one of thoso folicitoug speeches for which be {a famous, Le inquired eapocially, yot with tho caution of one who knew himsolf to bo tread. ing on dangerous ground, why half, century bad been allowod to elapse before thy English nation thought of publicly exprossing admiration and gratitude for the tranaconden, Ronius of Brron, To this question Mr. Dis. Naxxt did not give a satisfactory answer, If hy had told the whole truth, which = man in his position could not properly do, he would hary anid that ft took fifty yeara for English prigg! nose to forgive the plain words of Brnon regard. ing public characters of bie time; for English prudery to overlook his profligate sional literary indecency; and for fem” to recognize aa = groat English poet ony who would never consent to recognize England ‘as posseasod of groatness. ‘The cupldity of the English sometimes crog outin unexpected spots. For inatance, tho Lon. don Atheneum, which has all along boon a bitte opponent of Waonex and his works, says: “A suggestion has been made by some journals, in consequence of the financial success of ‘Lohon grin,’ that performances of it should be givonin § ald of Herr Waasen’s project for establishing 4 National Opera-Houseat Bayreuth. There would be good grounds for joining in the subscriptions to this echemo if there were rome reciprocity, England has conttibuted liberally to help art in Gormany ; let Germany, in return, subscribe freely towards some of our musical undertat. That to, it ts willing to sell ont ite artlatio convictions and tolerate Waauxn if any. thing can be made out of it, Paneer Bhode Island 1 gaining fast fn popalation pon Vermont and New Hampshire, In 18%, sha will probably bo able to make a batter show. (ng than either, Thore are States less donerving of two United States Senators than Little Rhody, aven though it be truo thas ho is small for her aixo, —+__. OBITUARY, CELIA BURLEIGH. ‘Tho woman-suffrage agitators have lost a very zealous and enthusiastic worker in the death of ‘Mra. Ozita Buateton, which occurred at Syrm cuso, N. ¥.,0n Monday last, She was brought up among very humble surroundings, and had vory fow educational advantagos, and was in ali reepects a solf-made woman, Her firet marriaga proved to be @ very unhappy one, and was ended byadivorce, Her second marriage was to tho well-known Ciauxoxzs Burs, and this also was aundered by divorce. Her third marriage, with Wits N. Borizics, the anti-slavery lecturer and woman-suffrage advocate, proved a happy ons, For some lime previous to ber doath she had traveled through the country delivering too tures on various topica connected with wom an’a advancement.§In 1879 she received 1 call to the pastorate of the Unitarian Church in Brooklyn, N. ¥., previously presided 7 over by Samus, D. May. During the same year sho edited » volume of her heeband’s pooms. She was algo the founder of the Brook- lyo Woman's Olub and the Vice-Presidont of the New York Sorosis. Two yoars ago eho gave up bor pastorate on account of failing health, and has eince been incharge of s devoted fricnd, Misa Huspasn, at Syracuse. . OMMISTIAN RUBEN, Ounretian Ronxw, the Director of the Acade my of Fine Arta at Vienna, died in that city on the Dthinst., at tho agoof 7i years, He wass pupil of the celebrated OConwztrus, and com- menced his studios In 1822. In 1841 he hed obtained such renown aa an artist that ho was called to Prague to reorganize ite Art Inatitute, which bo did with great success. Hoe remained in Prague eloven yeara, aud was then elected to the position which wo hava mentioned above, and which ho hold at the time of bis death. He was best known as tho palnterof the “Ave Maris,""a work which baa been many times re- prodcced by the engravers. YVICOMPTR DE BEAUMONI-YASSY. The cable day ortwo since announced tht death of Enwanp FexDptanp D& La BonnrKreny, Vicowpts Dx Beavmont-Vassr, « French anthot of wide-spread reputation in romance, history, and politics. Te was first known by his ro mance, among them “Une Marquise d'Avrngvois" (18398), “ Dow Lute” (1899), sud “+ Les Apparonces * (1839). His most important work was in Swodieh history, and waa entitled “ Les Buedola depuis Coantes XII. jusqn a Oe oanl.” Among his worka not mentioned above are the following: ‘“‘*Swepxnuora, on Btock- holm en 1766 * (1842), “Histoire dos Stata Europeens depuis le Congrea de Vienne,” in six volumes (1843-83), ‘Un dernier reve dé Jeunesse " (1882), ‘ Histolre de Mon Temps,” four yolumes (1858-68), ‘Les Salons dé Paria, ot ls Bootote Parisionne-” (1866), ** Une Intrigue dana le Grand Monde” (1807), aod “Lea Balons do Paria ot Ia Sooleta Parisientt sous Narorzom IMT.” (1868), WILLIAM BIOIARD#ON, ‘The Now Orleans Times of the 28th inat, syn: ‘The morning's telegraphic dispatobes bring t¢ ins the intelligence of the death of the venerable Wriam Bionarpson, the chief editor of the Galveston News. The melancholy event was not unexpected, bat none theless willis brivg regres. to many sympathizing hearts, Mr Rrcmanpson was, we believe, about 75 years old ‘Tho crowning triumph of his long and honorable Life was the success of the great Texas dally, the Galveston ews, which he founded, and up dor bis sagacious management it grew to prow parity, and haw justly attained an influence and power not surpassed by any journal in the fand.” —_--—— POLITIOAL NOTES ‘The reviewer of the London Atenatem, with out knowing in the loast what ho is writlg about, asserta that Gen, Sharman's book bat done much “to revive the feelings of hatred be- tweon the North and South, which it abould be the object of every trus patriot to remove.” Tue Wisconsin newspapers sre delighted toleart thas Preeident Obadbourne, formerly of tbe State University, haa been mentioned for Cem tennial Governor of Massachusetts, It is a pity that thelr expectations must be dashed by the cold reality that he baso’t been so extensively mentioned as to call for any congratulations. Ex-Goy, Dewey, of Wisconsin, who {a promised some support before the Democratio-Libersl Convention, is a political fossil, fit to be perma nently shelved with the Hon, William Alles, Bhephard Lefiler, and William A, Digler. Dut the Milwaukee Sentinel says he has no chino? against Gov, Tsylor. The Republicans of Wis conain would prefer Taylor to Dewey sa the Democratic candidate, Mr, Danks, of all men, {s the first to establish “ headquarters" for the Presidential campaig™ He ia flooding the Bouth with circulars recour mending Banks and Lemar to the favor of tbe people. The Atlanta Herald hase lively admirer ton for Mr, Banks, but dose not think be is the san for tie pisos, fidiols Ws the commas apislom Oe eee sp Peery a@ean s ad 8 € t e