Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 16, 1875, Page 4

TIHE CHICAGO~TRIBUNE: “FRIDAY, “JULY 16, 1875. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATEN OF ATRSCRIPTION (PATARLE IX ADVANCE), Postage I'repnid nt this Offce. 1 Parts of & ys WANTED—One active agent in each town and vitlsge, Bpecisl arrangements made with such, Specimen coples vent fres, To prevent delsy and mistakes, ba wure snd give Poat-Office sddress In full, including Stateand County, Ttemiltances may be mado efther by draft, express, Poxl-Ofice order, or In regiatored lettors, st our rink, TERMR TO CITY AUDSCRINERA, Dally, deliversd, Bundas excepted, 23 cents per week, Duily, delivered, Bunday included, 30 cents per week. Address THE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Corner Madiron and Dearborn-sta,, Chicago, Tik. skt sty TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. OOLEY }vh streat, between Clark snid LaSalle, _Eugiqer the Union Bquare Cowpany, * The Tw0 Urph ACADENT OF MUSIC—Halsted street, betwren Maaieon and Blonros, Madame Blanche's Btatus Ariists and the Pracger Fanlly, McVICKER'S THEATRE—Madiron stroet, between Deerborn and State. Dupres & Banedict's Ainstrols. DARNUM'S HIPPODROME—Lake Bhore, fool of Waahington atreet, Aftornoon aud evenlng, — CIETY MEETINGS. GARDEX CITY LODGE, No. 141, A, F. and A. Mo—s “The metmbers ara hereby notifiod to appear at Oriutal Hill on Friday, July 16, ak 10 o'clock a. m., sharp, for thie purpose of atiending thie funeral of onr late Bro, Bam’ J, Manly. Members of Slster Lodges are frater- nully invited, By order of the W, M. - ’ L. L. WADSWORTI, Sso. ORIENTAL LODGE, N " and A, M.—Stated Communieation “‘"*E"‘s ing ut § o'lock, fap 5 e, 4 o e e an 8 . TUCKER, Sec. WASHINGTON CHAI'TE! glar Consocation thix (Fridas fueas and work an the I' Al the 1. P, CILA! 0. 43, R, A M.—Rege euing i 7:40 for bus- ;. Degrees, Ty order 'ROWBHIDGE, Sec. RS, “BUSINESS NOTICES. 70 RUIN A HANDSOME FAOE WITH METALLIO powdars, etc., when 1te beauty might ba ephanced apd Tondered perpetual nith ' Laird’s Bloom of Youts,'" is wriminal folly. Nold by all druggiats. The Chicags Tribune, Fridsy Morning, July 16, 1875, Greenbacks closed at 8T@871. Gen. Apam Bapeav, Consul-General at Tondon, hias been appointed Minister to Bel- ginm, sice J. RusskLy Joxcs, resigned on nc- count of ill-health. E. 8. Cnrsnroven, City Engineer of Chi- «cago, is to ba employed to porfect the sewer. ago system of St. Paul A better selection could not have been made. Exciting devolopments are expected in St. ‘Louis when the Grand Jury of the United States Court presont their indictments in con- nection with the whisky-ring frauds. TLovasTREET proposes to vindicate himself from the chargo that through him the batile of Gettysburg was lost to the Confederate army, and for that purposo han obtained ac- poas to the Rebal archives in Washington. Moopy and SaNkrx sail for home on the 4th of next month, but their work remains behind them, and their zoal and enthutinsm have proved infectious. A wealthy man has purchased the Victoria Theatre, and intends Tefitting it permnnontly for religious uses. The Toronto Glole, roferring to Earl Dup- wenin's speech in London and the comments 1hereon by the American press, gives vent to its truly loyal sentiments, and insists that the speech aforcaaid is good Canadian gospel; that the Dominion does not and neover can encournge annoxation to the United Btates ; that is, she must plod on, ns she hns for the last Lalf century, an envious and dissatiafied spectator of the great and nover-ceasing prog- ross of her powerful neighbor. The report of the Chicago Firs-Marshal for the month of June presents an oxtraor. dinary showing, and ono which has probably not been equaled within tho past twonty years, Thero were thirty-one fires daring the month, with a total loss of about $1,600, or a trifle over $i0 for ench fira. This speaks well for tha efficiency of the Firo Depart- ment, and affords not a little solid comfort to tho insurance companica doing business fn Chicago, The residonts of Wabash avenuo who are inconsed against the Chicago City - Railway Company on account of the manner {n which the tracks have been lnid Lave determined to .appenl to tho courts for redress. They pro- pose to apply for an injunction to prevont the further operation of tho Wabash avenuo line until the street shall bavo boen repaved, and an order to compel the Company to take up the tracka alroady Inid. A copy of the bill to be filed in the Buperior Court to-day is published in this issue, From what has loaked out relative to the evidence before the Grand Jury on the al loged corruption of the police force, it wonld oppear that Mank SmentoaN hes made a lamentable failure in the effortto substantiate the grave chnargos which ha has so freely made within the past fow days. This failure, if such it ahall prove to be, will leava Mr, Sarn. oax fo & sad plight. There will Lo nothing for him to do but shoulder the full responsi- bility for the ocorruption and incompetency which have for Bo long chavacterized tho management of the police. He has boen the Police Board, as a matter of fact, sud could st any timo, by a proper assertion of hig power, have oorrected any general abuses which existed. Wa haven't much confidouce that the administration of the Polics Depart. ment will be very much improved after Cor v ghall asgume absolute control, according to the programme. Navertheless, except BHEZRIDAN cun fix corruption or malfeasance in offlee upon some of the officials included in Lis vituporative generulizatious, ba certain- 1y cannot give any good reason why he should not himself be gottn out of the way, if it can be done lawfully, for he will bave scknowledged his own {ncomnpotence, — The Chicago produce markets were nerv. ous veaterday, with & very good movement in breadstuffs, Mess pork wes quiet, and 6@ 10¢ per brl lower, closing st 819.05@19.10 for August, and $10.20 for Beptembor, Lard was dull and 6o per 100 Iba lower, closing at $12.85 for August, and $13.02) for Septem- ber. Meuts woro dull and easler, closing at 8}c for shouldery, 1130 for short ribs, and 11go for short clears, Highwines were in good dewand and fim ot $1.17. Lake froights . werg active at 2jo for wheat to Buffulo, Flour was o good request and firmer. Wheat Was aotive and buoyant, olosing 4jo higher, at §1.14} eash, and 31,13 for August. Carn was moderately aolive, and advanced 2o, - dlesing w6930 emab, and 70j0 for August. Oats wera activo and atronger,closing at 48}e for July, and A8 for Augnst. Ryo was quiet and firmer nt $1,02 bid. Barlay wna in fair demand and firmer, closing at Y6c for Bop- tember. Hogs were active and 6@10o higher, sclling chiefly at %0.7:@7.25. Oattle wero nctiva and without important changs in value ; sales at $2.00@7.00, Bheop wero dull and enasicr. A large number of the vessel-owners and tug-men have unitedina petition to the Board of Public Works for the removal of the bridge-tender at Randolph atreot for throwing vexatious obstacles into their way, and foully abusing then ot every opportunity, ‘The | petition is so enrnest, large. and unanimous that there can Lo little donbt but it s well founded. 'Ihe tug.men sud vessel-owners Tiavo their rights as well ad tho wagoners and foot-passengers, and not only will an im- proper construction of the ordinance work serious inconvenionce nnd bring on serious losses, but the linbility to disaster is vastly increased by any misunderstanding of the law. 'Tho cnse of the Randolph-straet bridge- tender evidently needs attention, A correspondont of tho New York Herald makes & sensible and philosophical sugges. tion anent the Indinn question. Attempts to make the red man a farmer have failed. Why? Beenuse one important step hos beou wholly overlooked. Wild tribes do mot put on civilization like a coat. They caunot. Bofora they become tillers of the soil, they must Le keepers of herds. Thoy must raise cattlo before they raise crops. The Govern- ment, instead of persuading ita wnrds to breed sheep and oxen, has dumped a few bad plows, cultivators, and reapers, aud rome bags of dried-up socds, npon a reservation, and has expected them to becomo farmers straightway. This would bo ludicrons, if the consequences did not make it serions, A great part of the Indian range in unfitted for agriculture, but it contains vast tracts of the best pasture-land in the world. T'he Indisns aro devoted to tho roving life which catlle-raising makes possible, They now breed great numbers of ponies. They might be taught to breed greater numbers of eattle, prrt of which they would eat them- selves, and none of which could be used, as tle ponies are, for carrying braves on the war-path. This seems to ba a feasible plan. The balf-civilized tribes of the Indian Terri. tory wore tamed in this woy, 8s far ag thoy bave pone, They wero once as wild and Lloodtbirsty as the Siousx. What civilized one sot of savnges can civilize anothar, TAXATION FOR REVENUE. To the Editor of The Chtcayo Irstune : Citicao, July 15.—1 would thank you to {nform me through your columns what articles are by the lawn of England subject to customs dutios My claim 1a that not moro then twenty-five articles arcsubjoct 10 the tariff laws, ané that tho revenue from these ar- ticlon i grentar thap s derived from the whols list of articles subject to duty In thia country, Please give your viows upon the subject, T, Axswzn,—Wo havo repeatedly published the list of articles falling undor taxation by the British tarifl. They are few in number. In 1879 the list contained the following arti. cles, to which woappend the British and United States rates of duty on the articles named 5 Dtk Artictes tmported, 7 rataoftaz, American taz, . ° e 5 o d 4o i § tmenacem Cocos, per D.. Dried fruit, por 1x 3 Vinegar 1or gt % 10 Spinis and alcolol, a0 L 50, orage per o T ey 12 freo since ¥ Tobacco, pe: 7 2 Clgars, per $3.25 Wibe, averag W o 1.00 This list embraces the whole British tarift ns it stood in1873; but, since March, 1874, the duty on sugar has been repenled, except on some few articles of confectionery and a variety of sugar imported by brewers. The aggregate rovonues collected by Grent Britain and the United States, respectively, on theso sovoral articles, including the former United States $ax on tea and coffes, which waa ro. penled in 1872, was 08 follows ¢ Arnicles, Great Dritatn, Dnited Stafes, lx»c; cee§ 1008 $ u;.‘o‘o&ol Car . £q 4 Culeary 620,103 40,000 Cbocolid 2,565 2,05 19115 1,750 Cofloe, 1,4,3,025 182,073 2,364,0:0 1,6:0,000 40,090 4,000 .$103,501, 05 $51,837,449 In order to mnko this table complete, we have ivcluded the recoipts of duties on tea and coffce in tho United States in 1872, that tax having then been reposled. The purpose is to show that from the same articles taxed in Great Britain the Unitod States can col- lact o lnrgo proportion of their revenuo from customs. 'Tho anuunl revenue from customs in this country will now average one hundred and sixty millions of dollara. Tho American rates of duty on sugar are chiefly arrauged for tho bonefit of the rofiners, The tariff on sugars might be 8o revised as to produce at least forty millions of revenue, without any increaso of taxation on the consumer, simply by turning into the Tressury that which now goes to tho refinors, In 1870 the revonue from tea and coffes amounted to nearly twen. ty-threo millions of dollara. That revenue was firet cut down one-lalf and then abol- juhied, to have the price of coffue increased at tho plece of production by an export tax lovied by tho Cuban and Brazilian Govern. ments equal to the tax removed by our smart Congress. 8o that tho revenue our Govern- ment formerly dorived from this sourco now goea into the Trensuryof those Governinents, and the American people pay it. Inpropuring o vevenua tarifl, the firat thing to b done would bo to rostore the duty on tea and colfeo and strike out the protective diserimination on sugar, whereby the refiners pocket eight to ten millions a year of what the consumers pay, The next thing to do would be to lovy a moderate tarill of say 20 per cont on cotton, woolen, silk, linen, iron and uteel, eutlery, erockery, glass, and other manufuctures, which duties would yleld all the rovenuo needed by the Govornmont. Tho list we have givon thus incroased and rovisod would produce sn sunual revenue footing up somewhnt as follows : Articles named, Bugur, sddition: Tea atid coffes, Duty on Wools and wuole Duty on cottony, 20 per ceny Duty o frou aud iron goods, %) Duty ou ailks, 20 jur cea Crockory and g Aiacellnoous, $61,8%0,000 10,101,000 10,000,00 20,000,000 10,000,000 procuce all tho revenue needed, mud would constantly increaso, and would releaso several thousaud articles now taxed from duties, It would relicve the coun. try from at least two hundred millions of tax. ation now paid by the people for * protec- tion," aud none of which goes tuto the Troas. ury. It would in great measure reliove the oguniry of the cppnl,(u though * unseen® tax for * protection.” It would confine tax- ation to a fow nrticles, The relief from tho taz on all the othors would largely incrensio consumption of tho articles taxed. The man who ia now 8o taxed on all Lo consnmes,—his cotton and woolen clothing, his boots and shoes, crockery, bis furnititre, and his tools, 83 to ba unablo to purchase bul sparingly of ea and coffeo,—~whon relioved of these op- pressivo taxes, will be able to purdhase an in- creased quantity, not only of tea aud coffoo, but of all other things. All tax being removed from the raw ma- terinls, American manufactures would rapidly incrense. The cost of production being largely rednced, the consumption of manu- factares would incroase, and the number of porsons employed at manufacturing would rapidly enlarge, and the employment would bo continuous, because no longer dependent on a fluctusting systom, American manufac. turers, then ablo to produce cheaply, wonldl Lo no longor rostricted to the single home market, and would find sale the world ovor for their surplus products, and the substantial and real prosperity which sttends the production of a surplus would attend onr monnfactures. Thon the country would Liavo for sale not only food but manufactures, and the genoral woalth would incresso pro. portionately, MR, BAILEY'S AMENDED BUILDING LAW, A long and elnborato ordinance has boen introduced into the Council, and reforred to o committes, which is designed to regulate tho construction of buildings inside tho city limits. It is said to be the production of ex-Ald. Bamey, who thus inaugurates his career 88 Building Tuspector. Now, the only excuse for the creation of tho exponsive bu. renu headed Ly Mr. BatLey was tho necessity of a more thorough enforcement of the pres- ent Building law, which had been more or less negleoted by tho Board of Public’ Works ond those under thom. On general princi. ples, therefore, it would be mors decorous for Mr, Batuky and his assistants to demon- strate their capneity to onforce suoch building regnlations ns we have nlrendy before com. plicating the system. When they shall have aneceeded in checking the flagrant violation of the present ordinance, aud the common defiance of all laws of safety (particalarly in the orection of wooden sheds in the renr of dwellings), it will be time enough to seck im- provements in tho fire ordinance. Then it will bo botter to call upon the architects and insurance men, who have already given the subject mnture consideration, to suggest the improvements. Mr. BarLrx will ind enough to do for the presont to enforce oxisting regulations, We do not object to improvements in the Building law. It is badly in need of somo changes, but we scarcely think that Mr. BaLxy, if he is the author of the ordinance introduced, has covered the most vital points. Some of the ideas relative to the closing of hatchways, the swinging-out of doors to theatres, churches, and other publio build- ings, and tha provision of means of ogress in proportion to thoholding capacity of the build- ing, are all good, and shonld be introduced into any Building Inw wo may have, The pro- visions 8s to the thickness of walls do not differ very materially from those of the pres. ont ordinance; the preseribing of n cortain thicknoss for buildings higher than five stories might botter be supplied with a clause prohibiting the e ection of buildings more than five stories in height. Wo con conceive of no renl damage that could be done to any one by such o provis- ion, and it wounld certainly facilitate tho ox. tingunishing of fires once started, The re- quirement that 8-inch party walls shall Lo carriod 18 inches sbove the roof, and soll other walls 36 inches above tho roof, is in the right direction; the only quostion is whother they should not bo car. ried still highor, 3 Thore soems to bo some notable omissions, however, in the ordinance ns roported and scoredited to Mr. Bamry. The first we noto rolates to the roofing, for which no improve. ment is suggested upon the present restric- tions. The roof is the weakest point of n building, in regard to the eatching and spreading of fires, both because it is more exposed to flying cinders in a fire elsewhero, and becanao it is the hanlest part to rench in attacking a firo, Yet it would seem that, un. der the proposed ordinance, as many build- ings may ba roofed with shingles and tar as under the oxisting ordinnnce, Nor is there any improvement saggested rolativeto wooden cornices. 'Tha abuses of tho present ordinance in this respect have arisen mainly from the latitude which the wording gives to construo the first story as o basement, no matter how much above the ground it rises. So housos hinve been built in largo numbors, particular- ly in the North and West Divisions, with wooden cornices which it was intended to prohibit -at such o height. This evasion might bo overcome by specifying the hoight in feet at which no woodan cornices shall be built, Thoro 18 also s lack of proper precantion in the construction of flucs, where more fires originate than in any other part of a build. ing. Itis a common practlce to run wooden joists through thin brick walls directly up against a chimney, ond this practice cannot be broken down except by standing ovpr overy mason who is doing the work. Wher. over thia is done there is a constant source of danger. The best way to protect chimneys would be to vequire that all smoke-flucs be lined with common earth. en drain-pipe, building it into the walls a4 they go up, If there wero such a pro- vision a4 this there would always bo a atrip of fire-clay betwoon the mwmoke and soot and the wood-work, and this would form a cor- tain protection against tho frequont fires that arise from defoctivo flues, ‘Ihis simple pro. caution would prevont half the fires. Any change in the Building law should also re. quire that tho smoke-stacks Lo carried up higher than the proposed ordinance stipu. lates, as a protection rgainst the snoke nui. sanco as well as agninst five, for the higher the smoke-stack the stronger the draft and thie botter the combustion, When the com. bustion is good the amount of amoke pro- duced is greatly reduced, and tho quantity of coal consumed is also greatly reduced. Nor does the proposed ordinance offer sufficient protection agalnst the dangers of hot-alr fur. naces, which have always been a fruitful source of fire in public buildings, and in pri- vate buildings also. Wa aro Liourtily in favor of every change in the building ordinance whioch shall increase tho protactiun of the city from conflagrations, ‘We slould favor an ordinanco that should re- quire every buildiug within the city limits to be substantially fire-proof. The fact that Mr, Sypxzy Mreus is now constructing fire-proot dwallings at a cost not exceeding 10 per cent niore thau the cost of readlly inflammable dwellings (making ocellings, partitions, and roofs noncombustible s well as the ontaide walls), sliows bkl thare woulll ba 20 speulal = hiardship, bot a great economieal saving in the end, to requira firo.proof conatruction overy- whero. But any new building ordinance should bs subjeeted to the closest professionn] scruting to nscertain that it containg all needed improvements, THE SENBIBLE MEN OF THX BOUTH, Gen, Preston's fire.eating oration at the University of Virginia fell into cold water throughout tho South, Thers was a hissing ond mpluttering of dissent and tho fire. Lrand waa extinguished. It is with unfeign- ed plensure that wenoto this fact. The calm, dignified discnssion of this most ill-advised Dbit of vituperation is the best single sign of the now state of things in the South that hing yot been vouchsafed the country. Tho comments of tho Charleston Vewes and Courier, which we reprint elsowhero, aro eapecinlly noteworthy, This able journal is the leading Domocratio paper of Bonth Caro- linn. The contrast betweon its utterances and those of tlis leading Chntleston papers from 1830 to 1865—~and wo might sny 1872— is simply marvelous. Thers has been a moral rovolution, Viewed from the stand- point of o few years ngo, there was overy reason to espect that the News and Courier would indorse Preston's frantic fanaticism, The orator {a a native of Bouth Carolina. He has remained faithful to the traditions of Carnous and Havve. The paper is in full wympathy with the party which was founded Ly those men. But that party has grown, As it hns ndvanced, it has left behind it the irreconcilabler, The now generation has new beliefs, Mistaken ns some of them nre, they nro neverthelosa freed from tho desdly taint of disloyalty. The old idea was that tho State was the citizen's only conntry, to which alone hie owed alleginnce, while the Union wns o hateful usurpation or a mere creation, Thoe South Cnrolinian now rocognizes tho groat and glorious fact that his country is not the narrow strip shaded by the palmetto tree and watered by tho Banteo River, but the vast region that stretches from the Lnkes to the Gulf, from tho Atlantic to tho Pacific, His patriotism s belied and his honor is insnlted by the bitter words that men of tho I'neston stamp fling recklessly into the air, The biting vitriol of this man's speech wna intended to fall into the wounds of the War and sting tho old smart into fresh life andngony. But the wicked attempt hns failed. It called forth from the South words notof bitterncss, but. of ponce. ‘e unanimity of the responses has been marked. One of tho lending newspapers of the Old Dominion saya: *‘The people of Virginia are too anxious for peace and pros- perity nnder tho Republic which their fathers assisted to eatablish to welcome the rovival of old causes of quarrel, , . While the col. lego commencomenta throughout the country are instinet with poace, tolerance, and good will, it is & shamo that our louding Southern University shonld even for n day be prosti- tuted to uses whioh overy sengibla Virginian condemns. ® And the Charleston News and Courier says that this is ** the fecling of the vast majority of the people of South Caro- lign, " The couses of this are not far to scek. The old fire.eaters lead no longer. The soldiers who fought through tha War learned, on both sides, to respoct their oppoments. ‘‘Eanny in Virginia, Toosus in Georgia, Pnrstoy in South Carolins,” says this Charleston oracle, “‘cannot aorrest tho march of events.” Shaking fista at follow.citizens, and finng verbal bombs into a peaceful camp, are out of date, Here and thers, on either &ide of what nsed to ba *‘the border,” some relic, outgrown and shelved, spits venom at his ‘rothers, but contemptuous silenco after the first pained outburst, is bis meed. Time, which Tuacgrnay called the great anodyne, is doing its blessed work. The wounds are surely healing, Angry reproach is recog- nized by most os unjust, by nearly all aa at any roto impoliic And what is impolitic soon comes to be thonght wrong, Wo have seen this transition take place in the North, whoro peoplo first stopped talking bittor nonsense becauso they thought it was itiex. podient or impolitio, and then roncHad thoir present state of feoling, when they beliove that such talk is wrong. Tue Ciroaco Tamunz has done what it could in the work of reconciliation, It hna sent correspondents through the South who bave written impartially and ably. Ithos recognized the honosty of both sides, It has no sympathy with the bloody-shirt shrickers of the North or tho negro-haters of the South. Both are doing whatover they can to perpetu- ate revengeful hates, It believes that South and North have grown far mors sensiblo than in the hot and spinrting days after the War, and that each must trust the othar before per. fect union of fecling is possiblo, In 1814, when the Hartford Convention met, threo States wero, or wero supposed to be, on tho vergoof secession. A sceret agont of the Government, Col. Jesur, sent daily roports from Hartford to President Manison, forwarding thom by private hands to New York in onler to prevent their being inter- cepted in the mails, Tho anxicty was faver. ish, JzremnsoN wrote, from his watch-tower at Monticello, that he deapoired of tho Union. Yot, ere ten years had passed, the ‘‘ern of good fooling” was at its height, Thero are signs of its dawning again, ten years after the second great crisis of secession has been passed. And not tho least of these signs is the fact that the leading Domocratio paper of South Carolina says: * The patriotio heart beats Ligh at the approach of a true, gener- ous, and lasting poace. . . . Thisis one country; this is one people. We kuow it and feel it." B The ]nten‘or;m eases to be rejolced that Tne Cuioaco Trinune has discovered that skepticlsm is in no dunger of suffering from the pecular punishments and tortures inflict. ed by the Church until a fow generations ago, and thinks that it must be comforting to Tuz ‘Taitsune, and 80 on, in & vein of sarcasm which goos to show that the editor of the Interior is the man who is hit by the modern indorsement of Joun Wesrer's moda of deal. ing with skopticism. He said : Condomn wo man for mot tinking as you think, Lat overy 0ne_enjoy the full and fres bberty of think- fng for Limself, Lot ovory man use hia own fudg. meut, lnce svery AR must give an aocount of bim., self to God, Ablior svery approach, in say kind or degres, to the wpirit of parsecution, If you canmot Teason or parvuads & ma {nto the truth, uaver sttampt 10 forco bim futo it, All the sarcasin in which Prof. ParroN may bo pleased to indulge towsrds Tum TriBUNE will not conceal, but on the other hand only illustrates, tho secret animus of this theologian and the manner in which he would punish a “skeptio”if he darod. 'The recent heresy trial in this city {3 an example in which he was only restrained from carrying out this duclent form of deallng with skeptics by the force of publio opinion and the ordiuauces of law, It has *‘become a fixed fact that ome man may differ from another without being butokiered for 1" bus the anly thlug thed fizen thia fact in the mind of our modern heresy-linntor is public opinion and the Inw which holds Mim bnck from applying tho torch. Prof. Partox would not vent his spleen or his satiro upon Wesrer's rentiment if he did not feel ngly at it. We aro awaro that ho doca not like it in ‘Weaery, and porhags lays it up ngninst him, Thib Professor complebes lis sarcasm by sny- ing: * Caunot some kind investigntor com- pleto the happiness and determine the conrso of Tue Trunuye by one more announcement —akepticiam is alse popular? " 1t it be any gratification to the Professor, wo ara freo to express our helief in the fact that it srould bo populnr if the majority of theologians were of the rame animuwas he, and that, so far as skopticism may fmply condemnation of Lis anti-Wesleyan spirit, it ésoxcoedingly popular, — *THE CRADLE OF PRUSSIA." Tn the din of centonninls hore, wo have lost sight of an impressive celebrationof the same sort on the other side of the ocenn. Prussin has commemornted the two-hundredth anni- versary of her birth and of the Battle of Felirbellin, When the “Qrent Elector,” Freperick Winniam of DBrandenburg, was fighting Louts XIV.'s troops on the Rhine, the Swedes, instigated by the Grand Mon- arch, attacked Brandenburg. The Elector hurried back to meet the new foe. The first skirmish was at thalittle town of Rathenow, whero the Swedes were defented by a sudden nttack of 3,000 peasants, armed only with seythes, pitchforks, and axes, It is acurions fact that tho rules of warfare lately proposed by Russin and strongly urged by Prussin would have prevented the peasants from * interfering " in this unmannered way with regular troops. It was lucky for Prus. Ain, whon she was called Branden- burg, that they did. June 18, 10675, the two armics met. Prussin had then no hundreds of thousands of trained soldiers, A beggarly array of 15,000 men was all she could pat inte the fleld, and only 9,500 of these were opposed to tho 15.000 Swedes, At firat, fortune favored tho Intter, who lnve always been hard fighters. Tho Prussian line was bonten back. Thon tho great Elect~ or smd: “Teke me ns your Captain, not your Sovereign,” drew his sword, and charged at the hend of his troops. That charge decided tho day, Tho Swedes roon fell back. Their famous commander, WnaN- orrL, was enptured. Brandenburg leapt into sudden prominence among European powers, and Prusaia was born iuto the family of na- tiona, ‘The second contenary of the battlo was celebrated throughout Germnny., The groat festival, however, was on the fleld of I'chr- bellin, This wns marked, in 1800, by a stono besring the laconmie legend: ‘‘Hero Trandenburg founded Prussia” A statue of the great [Elector is to be put up there mow. The Crown Prince, surrounded with cheering citizens, Iaid the foundation-stone of the new monu. ment. At tho grent dinner which followed, the Prince snid, in his speech proposing the licalth of the Emperor: * This fleldis the cradle of the Kingdom of Prussin.® The wholo celebration had s religious tone, It ‘began and ended with bhymns, and a sermon formed part of it. 8o tho Prince refecred to the noed of *humble gratitude to the Giver of Victory,”—a sentiment to be honored, but which, a8 forming part of a pnssionate praise of a bloody battle, sounds something like the Emperor’s famous dispatch to the Empress, during the late war, which might ba freely renderod thus: Pralso God, from Whom all blosstngs flow, Wa've Xilled ton thousand of the foe, Imperial Prussis may well be proud of Fehrbellin. It was indeed her cradle. The lusty infant who first tasted blood thero has quenched ita thirst sinoa at Lelpsic, Sadowa, and Sedan, and has thrived on the diet, until it now overshadows Europo, “BHELLS” AND ** CRABS,” The dispatches about the university regatta ocontained one or two words which proved stumbling blocks to tho uninitiated. ‘Tho man not happy cnough to live by a grent slhioet of water usunlly thinks that a race is rowed in a large and heavy boat. He is unable toimagines ** shell" big enongh to hold six mon, Andthough “shells” and ** crabs,” capecially soft-shells, sound well togother, tho idea of a racing crew stopping from time to timeto * catch” thacraba” of Saratogn Lake scems strange, Then thero is the question of steering. Tho fullest details about the orews have been telegraphed, but there has been not & word about coxswains. Whore were they? These questions should bo answered, A ‘“gholl,” in regntta parlance, is a boat about 60 feet long, 20 inches wide, and in the centro 8 or 9 inches deep. It is built of cedar or paper, and welghs about 150 pounds, Tho paper boats came into fashion in 188, but wero soon rejeoted on account of their wonkness. Morcover, thelr main advantage ‘was their superior lightness, and the improve. ments in the manufacture of coedar boata have now roduced thelr woight to the new standard. The fact that Cornell has won threo races, and practiced two monthsine paper sholl, shows, however, that the nower style of craft has also been greatly improved. The * shell,” at its contre, i3 & low canoe, in which aix mon ait, A singlo light board runs along the bottom, Thelr feet rest on thia, The sides of the shell would be broken by the tonch of a foot. The saction ocoupiod by the crow is perhaps a dozen feet long. The 19 feot of boat at each end of it tapor gradually to a razor-like edge. Their depth, at tho onds, s only 2 or 3 inches, Thisisn # gholl,"—n long needle, broadened at the centre just emough for & man fo squeoze betweon the two edges. The boat, with the orew in it, les a couple of inches above the snrface of the water. The outriggers, on which tho oars rost, are of courss somewhat highor. A chapter on coxswaina would be like the famous chapter on tho snakes of Erin: “ There are no soakes in Ireland.” Thero are no coxswains. Tho bow-oar steors, and does so with hia feet, Two wires yun from the croas-pleca of the rudder along the side of the boat snd end in a narrow board, upon which tho feet of the bow-oar rest. He hns to do his full ahare of the rowing and keep o sharp lookout over his shoulder besides, in ovder to sway the boat in the Tight direction by presaing on one or the other end of thls foot-board This ia dolicate and diffionlt work, but it saves the necessity of carrying 126 pounds of coxswain, As for the mystorious '*crabs,” the reader can oatoh thom angwhere. All le needs to do s to take a boat, try to make quick strokes, and put his oar sither so deep into the water that ho oan't get it out, or not deep enough to have the blade meet with any especlal reaistance. In either case, he will suddenly discover the handle where hie stomach ought to be, and will probably fall over backwards with a very falut and slok sensation, Oatohing erabs on the water affects the digestivo organs much like eating thom on tho laud, Armed with these Incts, the veriest land. Iubber can comprehend the whys and whore- foros of the **'Varsity race.” THE FIIT EPIDEMIC. - The latest files of the London TVmes con- tain some very remarkablo information rela. tive to tho spidomio of measles in Fiji, and theso facta prerent a most melancholy speo- tacle of the ravages consequent upon the in- traduction of civilization among races not ac. climatized to the disonses which usually fol- low in ita track, Fiji islanders conld prob. ably be spared as well as any other class of people upon tho globe, Taken as a race, their pnst record, 8o shockingly disfigured by cannibalism, is not pleasing to contemplate, and they certainly do not show any signs that they will becorns in futuro either very uscful or ornamental members of soclety. And yot thero is somothing mournfal in tho rapid de- cay nand almost oxtinction of these islanders by o disense which I8 com. poaratively innocuous among civilized na- tions. It oppoars that the disenso broke out in tho royal party almost immedi- ately after signing the papers ceding the isl. ands to Great Britain, Allatonce and in overy direction the people wore stricken down with this new and strango discase. Curiously enough it seized upon the Chicfs first and then tho people, and speedily all Fijt becamo but a vnst chomel- house. No remedies nrrested its progress, and the nalive superstitions, as wall as tho fatalistio tendoncies so common among the uncivilized, added to the rapidity with which it traveled. The ZT%mes corrospondent mays : ¢* The natives bocamo somehow imbued with tho terriblo idea that now the Papalagi (En- glish people) had becomo possessed of their land, they dosired to getrid of them. In many instances, it was impossible to dispel tho ides that the King had been takon to Sydney for the purpose of communicating to him a fatal poison with which utterly to destroy all his poople, 8ick men and women would look you fairly in the face, as though convineed of their inexorable fate, and sny, ¢1 am going to die,’ and at onco rettle down to inevitable denth. To tell a Fijiman he laoked mick waa ns cortain destruction to him, in many instances, as s bullet through his honrt would be,” The mortality was not con- fined to Fiji. It spread all over tho smaller ond larger islands of tho group. In the monntaing of Vitiand Vanua Lova it anni- hilated wholo tribes, The Windward Islands have been decimated, and it is estimated that when the diseaso shall have worn itrelf out fully one-third of tho natlve population will have disnppeared, At the date of tho cor- respondent's letter, April 23, over 20,000 had died. Theroe has hardly been anything in the annals of epidemics to equal this mortality, considering tho sizo of the population and tho comparativo harmlesanoss of the diseaso. JAPANESE REFORMS. The Japanecse leaders are still busy with their reforms, and nearly every mail brings somo now departure mado by ther, in adopt- ing European customs. The Intest advicen from the Capital, Jeddo, bring the details of two now mensuros. The first of theso isn new plan of execntive adminlstration, the chief foature of which will Le a great reduc- tion in the number of the * Sangi,” or mem- bors of tho Imperial Council, by which tho publio authority will be concentrated in the hands of a comparatively small body. The second is on agroemont betwcen the Govern. ment and an American gentleman, who, by virtho of his contrnet, bocomes e officio at- tached to the Interior Dapartment, with rof- orence to sheep and wool mising, which hay hitherto boon considered impracticable by the Japanese. By the torms of this contract, this gentloman, Mr, D, W. Ap Joxzs, suporintends tho rearing of stock from 10,000 ewes apd 200 rams, which are to be imported at Government cost, and he olso undertakes the training of fifty porsons in sheep-breeding for a term of eight ond a half years. Within eightoen months he promises to have 1,500 acres of pasturage in full growth, to which 1,500 acres are to be sdded annually until a total of 7,500 acres has been covered. As soon as the number of ewos hns reached 20,000 the excoss will bo disposed of for distribution in other prov- inces, Attho end of the eight and a half yoars a goneral sale will take placo, of the net proceeds of which 80 per cont will acerne to him, Tha Japanesa are enid to havo entered into this scheme with tho ubmost zeal snd on- thusinsm, and, in fact, this {a charscteriatio of all their roforma. ' Theso young converts to civilization are very much like yonng con- vorts to religion. Thoy go about their new work with the ntmost alacrity and vigor. How long it will last, however, nnd whether their progress is of n permanent charactor remain to be seon. Thoy have dono something, nl- though it is very little, in tho way of intro. ducing railroads end telegraphs. They have tinkered thelr currency, and improved it somowhat in the process. They have mtro- duced now agricultural methods, and bave shown skill and enterprise in commencing to reclaim 8 large island. Thoy have begun to improva their breeds of horses and cattle. They hava mado conslderable progress in the art of war by studying the Enropean systoms of fortification and obtaining heavy guns and ordnance, and they have shown s dispo- eition to take advantage of European civiliza. tion by sending their ableat men to oxamine it, and by patting thoir most promising young men {nto tho colleges and universitics, as woll ne by employing Amoricans and Europeons to come thore and tesch them tho methoda of agriculture and manufacturo and the detalls of commerce, scionce, and the arts. In these reapects, they have far out- stripped thoir neighbors, the Chinose, who are still disposed to maintain their esclusive. noss, and still cherish the delusion that there is nothing but barbarism boyond the Great Wall. At the eame time, notwithstanding all the Japaneso have accomplished, there is renson to fear that tho actual progress is de- coptive and slight. While tho londers of the people aro adopting those roforma, there is little evidence to show that tho masses of the people themsclves have adopted them, or that they manifest any strong dexiro o break loose from their old oconmservatismn. The loaders are moving faster than the mnsses, ‘The head shows great changes, but the body does not scem to keep paco with the head. Such progroes as this of course indicates change, but the change is of a spasmodio sort, and may end in rebellion ot almost any time, Progress of a healthy and permanont kind is always based upon education, but’| what have the Japanese lesders done to dis- seminate educstion among the masses? Among all the proofs of national progresa which aré continually brought to the atten. tion of the world butlitlle has yet been shown which gives indication that the Japaness leaders aither wish or fntend 40 enlighten A ROW IN THE FRENCH ABSEMBLY, The pit of au ex-theatre, crowded with serenming masses of mon who shnke fists ab overybody within sight; s low desk about where the footlights used to be, occupied by an orntor who speaks with every inch of his hody and fills up any pauses in the howls of Lis spectators (not hearers) with fresh words of exasperation; bohind this animated jack-in- tho-box a higher desk, behind which s an olderly gentloman whoso right arm hns ap- parontly learned the secrot of porpetual mo. tion, so constantly does it pound the desk, and who stills tho tumult whon it is too up. ronrious by putting on his hat, and so, by Trench parliamentary etiqueito, adjourning the sitting,—this is what the spectator of a debate in the Fronch Assombly sees. It takes n good deal to make a perma. nent impression upon such a disorderly rabblo, Yot ono momber of the Assombly, AL pv Tenree, has succceded in producing such mn impression. On Monday, June 21, M. Lous Brano oponed the dobate on tho constitutionnl laws by a violent attack upon tho undue power given tho Executive. Ono of his sentences gave oceasion to a olover repartee. While inveighing ngainst the pro. rogatives of the President, he said: “Ila can bo re-clected twico sud govern for twen. ty-one years,” Said somo one on the Right: ‘¢ You cannot enduro tho iden of a Govern. mont capable of lasting twenty.ono yeara” The hit was palpable. Other orators fanned the anger cxcited by M. Braxe, go that whon M, pu TempLe roso, on the ovening of the 224, the Assembly wag rendy for & row. It camo. The speaker first eald the constitutionsl laws worn “ghapoless lnwa, begot by a conjurntion which ho would abstain from qualify- ing.” The President of tho Assembly thon callod him to order, on the ground that laws ““which had beon voted wero therefore to bo respected.” A Bonnpartist Deputy nsked for fair play for tho speaker. The Prosident, Duke p’Aupnirrer-PasQuirn, said tho roquest was of po importance,and that he didn't caro o cont what the Deputy thought of his im. prrtiality. After this slight alirmish, M. ou Tesrre recommenced, and eald that ex- President Burrer hod munde somo mistakes in prrliamentary law., He was promptly called to order, for, quoth tho Duke, *“Icon afford to scorn attacks on myself, but I will not allow my predocessor to bo attacked.” Bensitivo Duke! Tho noxt thing the orator did wos to ottack MaoMamon. The latter was onco stylod by the Count pr Cmawmorp * the modorn Bavanp.” AL pu Trarre saidc “ Bavanp of old died in tho midst of his sol. diers.,” The sting hidden in these words was felt. There was a prolonged nproar. In the midst of it, the Prosident ordered M. v Teaprx to conse spenking. The Assombly howled its delight. No similar order has beon issued for fifty years. An attempt to defy it callod fortlin storm of yells that forced the orator out of the tribune. He made ongagemeonta for two duols on the way to his seat, All this violent commotion, which wasted savoral bours of valuable timne, was caused by utterancos that would scarcely hava excited s ripple of interest in an Amorican or English deliberntive body, Parllament and Congress have froo speech, while the Assembly enjoys & freo fight, The contrast hea its moral. ‘While Bostan s dobating whother or not ib ehall throttle & human domon of tender voars, Atlants, Ga., is rapidly sdvanciog to the belef thas it bas excouted an innocent man upon the testimony of & coryupt policeman who was {n- terested in the conviction of the accused to the oxtont of sthird sharo in a reward of $6,000. About three years ago Judge Fisir, a prominent Ropublican citizen of Oglethorpe, was assasat- nated. Gov. Buvrock offored a roward of €6,000 for the conviction of tho murderers, Dotoctives Ep, Muneray aud Rasnsnny volunteered to wia this rich prizo, and thelr testimony caused the conviction of HorazNnakx and Lroyn, who wore both exocuted protosting thelr innocence. RaspERRY'B testimony consisted of & pree tonded conversation betweon ths prisoners which Ls overheard while lying fin concealment near thoir cell. He lina ninoe died, aftor making a full confession that ho parjured himself on tho witnesa-atand, HOLSENBAES wis probably guilty, but ILoyp was undoubtedly io- nocont. There is Little consolation to the family of Lroyp that Raspzany was shot down by & full-Bedged ruffian like bimeelf, buc thers ia & chance of extracting oither {nformation or his share of the rewaid from Hxnmy P, PARROW, then Attorney-Ocneral, who, according to the Atlanta Constitutton, recelved §2,000 for bla ser wices In socuring the conviciion of the two pare ties, and who probably rolied upon the falsé statemsnt of Rasseuny, Notwir* standing the liberal donatioms which the King of Bavaris hoa made to Waanes for tha production of bls Nibslungon Trilogy, sad the largo sums he has dovoted to his own es- thetio gratification, ho evidently has suflicleod loft for other purpodes, aa he has recenty grauted tho snm of 66,400 florina to bo expondsd w8 follows ¢ ‘len thousand florine for an histork cal palnting reprosenting & doed of arms of ® Davarian rogunont in the war againet France paintod by Foanx Apax; 10,000 florins for & war monument, executod by the souiptor Za¥e Rosc, to be sat up In Aogusts, to which sud tho Town of Augusta will add 30,000 flonnsi 24,000 florina for tho completion of tho palot inga in the Catholio Churels at Chiematr ; 6000 florins for » monumout recordiug the unlon of Lutherans snd Reformers, to be placed in the Protestant Church of Kalsorelautern 6 florioa for the restoration of the old palntipgt fn the Catholio Church at Kerrieden; 4000 florine for thoss in the Protestant Church Nordlingen ; sud 18,000 florins for s mond:, mental fountain to be eroctod in the Maximitao Diats at Bamberg, Whatever may be said of Lous' eocentricitics, he 1a Tearing for bimself monuments which will be much more enduriog than thoso of many other Ruropesn m ‘who aro not eocentrio. —_— Tho salt-water collogeu did not show marked, superiority tothelr frovh-water rivals Wedoesds? Io truth, the centre of boating lufluence, Lk® the centze of everytblog elss, is rapldly movisd westward, Evantually, of course, the collat roxaits will be rowed in Lake Miohigsn, ovpe™ alls Cilosgo } Rad the sampeusg cans, W B9 i the masacs, and progress can only moan the forward movemont of the wholo mass of the people by eduention. Good governmont, the moral status of the people, the growth of public and private virtue, miccess in all departments of Inbor, and the Improvemont of gocloty, all rost npon thir great and strong basia of edueation, and without it the so- called progress of Japan is but a seriea of changos which may result in Romo improve. ment of tha popular condition, and may at the same timo end in a popular proteat againat theso very reforma, in the shapo of a revolution, a3 lina many times happoned in Chinn, At the samo timo, tho effort of the Japaneas to protect thomselves and to dovol. op their industrice will always bo watched with great interest, and, if they succeed, it will bo n matter of special congratulation to Americans, who have done ro much to assiat nnd onconrage them in their offort {o botter their condition, and to obtain a recognition among civilized nations.